Man and Nature; Or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action Papyras Classics

Man and Nature; Or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action

by George P. Marsh

Read Man and Nature; Or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action by George P. Marsh online, free: 189 chapters, public domain, on Papyras.

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Contents

  1. New York: Charles Scribner & Co., No. 654 Broadway. 1867
  2. P R E F a C E.
  3. Of Works Consulted in the Preparation of This Volume
  4. Introductory
  5. Natural Advantages of the Territory of the Roman Empire
  6. Physical Decay of the Territory of the Roman Empire, and of other parts of the Old World
  7. Causes of this Decay
  8. New School of Geographers
  9. Reaction of Man on Nature
  10. Observation of Nature
  11. Cosmical and Geological Influences
  12. Geographical Influence of Man
  13. Uncertainty of our Meteorological Knowledge
  14. Mechanical Effects produced by Man on the Surface of the Earth more easily ascertainable
  15. Importance and Possibility of Physical Restoration
  16. Stability of Nature
  17. Restoration of Disturbed Harmonies
  18. Destructiveness of Man
  19. Human and Brute Action Compared
  20. Physical Improvement
  21. Arrest of Physical Decay of New Countries
  22. Forms and Formations most liable to Physical Degradation
  23. Physical Decay of New Countries
  24. Transfer, Modification, and Extirpation of Vegetable and of Animal Species
  25. Modern Geography embraces Organic Life
  26. Transfer of Vegetable Life
  27. Foreign Plants grown in the United States
  28. American Plants grown in Europe
  29. Modes of Introduction of Foreign Plants
  30. Vegetables, how affected by Transfer to Foreign Soils
  31. Extirpation of Vegetables
  32. Origin of Domestic Plants
  33. Organic Life as a Geological and Geographical Agency
  34. Number of Quadrupeds in the United States
  35. Origin and Transfer of Domestic Quadrupeds
  36. Extirpation of Quadrupeds
  37. Number of Birds in the United States
  38. Birds as Sowers and Consumers of Seeds, and as Destroyers of Insects
  39. Diminution and Extirpation of Birds
  40. Introduction of Birds
  41. Introduction of Insects
  42. Destruction of Insects
  43. Reptiles
  44. Destruction of Fish
  45. Introduction and Breeding of Fish
  46. Extirpation of Aquatic Animals
  47. Minute Organisms
  48. The Woods
  49. The Habitable Earth Originally Wooded
  50. The Forest does not Furnish Food for Man
  51. First Removal of the Forest
  52. Effects of Fire on Forest Soil
  53. Effects of Destruction of the Forest
  54. Electrical Influence of Trees
  55. Chemical Influence of the Forest
  56. Influence of the Forest, considered as Inorganic Matter, on Temperature
  57. a. Absorbing and Emitting Surface
  58. b. Trees as Conductors of Heat
  59. c. Trees in Summer and Winter
  60. d. Dead Products of Trees
  61. e. Trees as a Shelter to Ground to the Leeward
  62. f. Trees as a Protection against Malaria
  63. The Forest, as Inorganic Matter, tends to mitigate Extremes
  64. Specific Heat
  65. Total Influence of the Forest on Temperature
  66. a. As Inorganic Matter
  67. b. The Forest as Organic
  68. Wood Mosses and Fungi
  69. Flow of Sap
  70. Absorption and Exhalation of Moisture
  71. Balance of Conflicting Influences
  72. Influence of the Forest on Temperature and Precipitation
  73. Influence of the Forest on the Humidity of the Soil
  74. Influence of the Forest on the Flow of Springs
  75. The Forest in Winter
  76. General Consequences of the Destruction of the Forest
  77. Condition of the Forest, and its Literature in different Countries
  78. The Influence of the Forest on Inundations
  79. Destructive Action of Torrents
  80. Transporting Power of Rivers
  81. The Po and its Deposits
  82. Mountain Slides
  83. Protection against fall of Rocks and Avalanches by Trees
  84. Principal Causes of the Destruction of the Forest
  85. American Forest Trees
  86. Special Causes of the Destruction of European Woods
  87. Royal Forests and Game Laws
  88. Small Forest Plants, and Vitality of Seed
  89. Utility of the Forest
  90. The Forests of Europe
  91. Forests of the United States and Canada
  92. The Economy of the Forest
  93. European and American Trees compared
  94. Sylviculture
  95. Instability of American Life
  96. The Waters
  97. Land artificially won from the Waters
  98. a. Exclusion of the Sea by Diking
  99. b. Draining of Lakes and Marshes
  100. c. Geographical Influence of such Operations
  101. Lowering of Lakes
  102. Mountain Lakes
  103. Climatic Effects of Draining Lakes and Marshes
  104. Geographical and Climatic Effects of Aqueducts, Reservoirs, and Canals
  105. Climatic and Geographical Effects of Surface and Underground Draining
  106. Surface and Under-draining and their Effects
  107. Climatic and Geographical Effects of Surface Draining
  108. Irrigation and its Climatic and Geographical Effects
  109. Inundations and Torrents
  110. a. River Embankments
  111. b. Floods of the Ardèche
  112. c. Crushing Force of Torrents
  113. d. Inundations of 1856 in France
  114. e. Remedies against Inundations
  115. Consequences if the Nile had been Diked
  116. Deposits of the Tuscan Rivers
  117. Improvements in the Val di Chiana
  118. Improvements in the Tuscan Maremme
  119. Obstruction of River Mouths
  120. Subterranean Waters
  121. Artesian Wells
  122. Artificial Springs
  123. Economizing Precipitation
  124. The Sands
  125. Origin of Sand
  126. Sand now carried to the Sea
  127. Sands of Egypt
  128. The Suez Canal
  129. Sands of Egypt
  130. Sand Dunes and Sand Plains
  131. Coast Dunes
  132. Sand Banks
  133. Dunes on the Coast of America
  134. Dunes of Western Europe
  135. Formation of Dunes
  136. Character of Dune Sand
  137. Interior Structure of Dunes
  138. Form of Dunes
  139. Geological Importance of Dunes
  140. Inland Dunes
  141. Age, Character, and Permanence of Dunes
  142. Use of Dunes as a Barrier against the Sea
  143. Encroachments of the Sea
  144. The Liimfjord
  145. Coasts of Schleswig-Holstein, Holland, and France
  146. Drifting of Dune Sands
  147. Dunes of Gascony
  148. The Dunes of Denmark and Prussia
  149. Control of Dunes by Man
  150. Artificial Formation of Dunes
  151. Protection of Dunes
  152. Trees suited to Dune Plantations
  153. Extent of Dunes in Europe
  154. Dune Vineyards of Cap Breton
  155. Removal of Dunes
  156. Inland Sand Plains
  157. The Landes of Gascony
  158. The Belgian Campine
  159. Sands and Steppes of Eastern Europe
  160. Advantages of Reclaiming the Sands
  161. Government Works
  162. Projected or Possible Geographical Changes by Man
  163. Cutting of Marine Isthmuses
  164. The Suez Canal
  165. Canal across the Isthmus of Darien
  166. Canals to the Dead Sea
  167. Maritime Canals in Greece
  168. Canal of Saros
  169. Cape Cod Canal
  170. Diversion of the Nile
  171. Changes in the Caspian
  172. Improvements in North American Hydrography
  173. Diversion of the Rhine
  174. Draining of the Zuiderzee
  175. Waters of the Karst
  176. Subterranean Waters of Greece
  177. Soil below Rock
  178. Covering Rock with Earth
  179. Wadies of Arabia, Petræa
  180. Incidental Effects of Human Action
  181. Resistance to Great Natural Forces
  182. Effects of Mining
  183. Espy's Theories
  184. River Sediment
  185. Nothing Small in Nature
  186. Appendix
  187. By William Forsyth, M. A., Q. C
  188. Extracts from Notices and Reviews from the English Quarterlies, &c
  189. American Notices

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