Chapter Chap"ter, v. t (part 6)

Defn: Formed of a mixture of horny and calcareous materials, as some shells and corals.

2. Horny on one side and calcareous on the other.

CORNEOUS
Cor"ne*ous, a. Etym: [L. corneus, fr. cornu horn.]

Defn: Of a texture resembling horn; horny; hard. Sir T. Browne.

CORNER Cor"ner (kr"nr), n. Etym: [OF. corniere, cornier, LL. cornerium, corneria, fr. L. cornu horn, end, point. See Horn.]

1. The point where two converging lines meet; an angle, either external or internal.

2. The space in the angle between converging lines or walls which meet in a point; as, the chimney corner.

3. An edge or extremity; the part farthest from the center; hence, any quarter or part. From the four corners of the earth they come. Shak.

4. A secret or secluded place; a remote or out of the way place; a nook. This thing was not done in a corner. Acts xxvi. 26.

5. Direction; quarter. Sits the wind in that corner! Shak.

6. The state of things produced by a combination of persons, who buy up the whole or the available part of any stock or species of property, which compels those who need such stock or property to buy of them at their own price; as, a corner in a railway stock. [Broker's Cant] Corner stone, the stone which lies at the corner of two walls, and unites them; the principal stone; especially, the stone which forms the corner of the foundation of an edifice; hence, that which is fundamental importance or indispensable. "A prince who regarded uniformity of faith as the corner stone of his government." Prescott. — Corner tooth, one of the four teeth which come in a horse's mouth at the age of four years and a half, one on each side of the upper and of the lower jaw, between the middle teeth and the tushes.

CORNER
Cor"ner, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cornered (-nrd);p. pr. & vb. n.
Cornering.]

1. To drive into a corner.

2. To drive into a position of great difficaulty or hopeless embarrassment; as, to corner a person in argument.

3. To get command of (a stock, commodity, etc.), so as to be able to put one's own price on it; as, to corner the shares of a railroad stock; to corner petroleum.

CORNERCAP
Cor"ner*cap` (-kp`), n.

Defn: The chief ornament. [Obs.]
Thou makest the triumviry the cornercap of society. Shak.

CORNERED
Cor"nered (-nrd), p. a.

Defn: 1 Having corners or angles.

2. In a possition of great difficulty; brought to bay.

CORNERWISE
Cor"ner*wise` (-wz`), adv.

Defn: With the corner in front; diagonally; not square.

CORNET
Cor"net (kr"nt), n. Etym: [F. cornet, m. (for senses 1 & 2),
cornette, f. & m. (for senses 3 & 4), dim. of corne horn, L. cornu.
See Horn.]

1. (Mus.) (a) An obsolete rude reed instrument (Ger. Zinken), of the oboe family. (b) A brass instrument, with cupped mouthpiece, and furnished with valves or pistons, now used in bands, and, in place of the trumpet, in orchestras. See Cornet-à-piston. (c) A certain organ stop or register.

2. A cap of paper twisted at the end, used by retailers to inclose small wares. Cotgrave.

3. (Mil.) (a) A troop of cavalry; — so called from its being accompanied by a cornet player. [Obs.] "A body of five cornets of horse." Clarendon. (b) The standard of such a troop. [Obs.] (c) The lowest grade of commissioned officer in a British cavalry troop, who carried the standard. The office was abolished in 1871.

4. A headdress: (a) A square cap anciently worn as a mark of certain professions. (b) A part of a woman's headdress, in the 16th century.

5. Etym: [Cf. Coronet.] (Far.)

Defn: See Coronet, 2.

CORNET-A-PISTON Cor"net-à-pis`ton (kr"nt—ps"tn; F. kr`n`ps`tn"), n.; pl. Cornets-à- piston. Etym: [F.] (Mus.)

Defn: A brass wind instrument, like the trumpet, furnished with valves moved by small pistons or sliding rods; a cornopean; a cornet.

CORNETCY
Cor"net*cy (kr"nt-s), n.

Defn: The commission or rank of a cornet.

CORNETER
Cor"net*er (kr"nt-r), n.

Defn: One who blows a cornet.

CORNEULE
Cor"neule (kr"nl), n. Etym: [F., dim. of corn the cornea.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the corneas of a compound eye in the invertebrates.
Carpenter.

CORNFIELD
Corn"field` (krn"fld`), n.

Defn: A field where corn is or has been growing; — in England, a field of wheat, rye, barley, or oats; in America, a field of Indian corn.

CORNFLOOR
Corn"floor` (-flr`), n.

Defn: A thrashing floor. Hos. ix. 1.

CORNFLOWER
Corn"flow`er (-flou`r), n. (Bot.)

Defn: A conspicuous wild flower (Centaurea Cyanus), growing in grainfields.

CORNIC
Cor"nic (kr"nk), a.

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, the dogwood (Cornus florida).

CORNICE Cor"nice (kr"ns), n. Etym: [F. corniche, It. cornice, LL. coronix, cornix, fr. L. coronis a curved line, a flourish with the pen at the end of a book or chapter, Gr. corona crown. sEE Crown, and cf. Coronis.] (Arch.)

Defn: Any horizontal, molded or otherwise decorated projection which crowns or finishes the part to which it is affixed; as, the cornice of an order, pedestal, door, window, or house. Gwilt. Cornice ring, the ring on a cannon next behind the muzzle ring.

CORNICED
Cor"niced (kr"nst), a.

Defn: Having a cornice.

CORNICLE
Cor"ni*cle (kr"n-k'l), n. Etym: [L. corniculum, dim. of cornu horn.]

Defn: A little horn. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

CORNICULAR
Cor*nic"u*lar (-lr), n. Etym: [L. cornicularius.]

Defn: A secretary or clerk. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CORNICULATE
Cor/nic"u*late (kr-nk"-lt), a. Etym: [L. corniculatus.]

1. Horned; having horns. Dr. H. More.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having processes resembling small horns.

CORNICULUM Cor*nic"u*lum (kr-nk"-lm), n.; pl. Cornicula (-l. Etym: [L. corniculum little horn.] (Anat.)

Defn: A small hornlike part or process.

CORNIFEROUS
Cor*nif"er*ous (kr-nf"r-s), a. Etym: [L. cornu horn + -ferous.]
(Geol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the lowest period of the Devonian age.(See the Diagram, under Geology.) The Corniferous period has been so called from the numerous seams of hornstone which characterize the later part of the period, as developed in the State of New York.

CORNIFIC
Cor*nif"ic (kr-nf"k), a. Etym: [L. cornu horn + facere to make.]

Defn: Producing horns; forming horn.

CORNIFICATION
Cor`ni*fi*ca"tion (kr`n-f-k"shn), n.

Defn: Conversion into, or formation of, horn; a becoming like horn.

CORNIFIED
Cor"ni*fied (kr"n-fd), a. Etym: [L. cornu horn + -fy.] (Anat.)

Defn: Converted into horn; horny.

CORNIFORM
Cor"ni*form (-frm), a. Etym: [L. cornu horn + -form.]

Defn: Having the shape of a horn; horn-shaped.

CORNIGEROUS Cor*nig"er*ous (kr-nj"r-s), a. Etym: [L. corniger; cornu horn + gerere to bear.]

Defn: Horned; having horns; as, cornigerous animals. [Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.

CORNIN Cor"nin (kr"nn), n. (Chem.) (a) A bitter principle obtained from dogwood (Cornus florida), as a white crystalline substance; — called also cornic acid. (b) An extract from dogwood used as a febrifuge.

CORNIPLUME
Cor"ni*plume (kr"n-plm), n. Etym: [L. cornu horn + pluma feather.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A hornlike tuft of feathers on the head of some birds.

CORNISH
Cor"nish (kr"nsh), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Cornwall, in England. Cornish chough. See Chough. — Cornish engine, a single-acting pumping engine, used in mines, in Cornwall and elsewhere, and for water works. A heavy pump rod or plunger, raised by the steam, forces up the water by its weight, in descending.

CORNISH
Cor"nish, n.

Defn: The dialect, or the people, of Cornwall.

CORNIST
Cor"nist, n.

Defn: A performer on the cornet or horn.

CORNLOFT
Corn"loft` (krn"lft`), n.

Defn: A loft for corn; a granary.

CORNMUSE
Corn"muse (-mz), n.

Defn: A cornemuse.

CORNO DI BASSETTO Cor"no di bas*set"to (kr"n d bs-st"t or bs-st"t); pl. Corni (-n di basseto. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: A tenor clarinet; — called also basset horn, and sometimes confounded with the English horn, which is a tenor oboe.

CORNO INGLESE
Cor"no In*gle"se (n-gl"z); pl. Corni Inglesi (-z. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: A reed instrument, related to the oboe, but deeper in pitch; the English horn.

CORNOPEAN
Cor*no"pe*an (kr-n"p-an), n. (Mus.)

Defn: An obsolete name for the cornet-à-piston.

CORNSHELLER
Corn"shell`er (krn"shl`r), n.

Defn: A machine that separates the kernels of corn from the cob.

CORNSHUCK
Corn"shuck` (-shk`), n.

Defn: The husk covering an ear of Indian corn. [Colloq. U.S.]

CORNSTALK
Corn"stalk` (-stk`), n.

Defn: A stalk of Indian corn.

CORNSTARCH
Corn"starch` (-strch`), n.

Defn: Starch made from Indian corn, esp. a fine white flour used for puddings, etc.

CORNU
Cor"nu (kr"n), n; pl. Cornua (-n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A horn, or anything shaped like or resembling a horn.

CORNU AMMONIS
Cor"nu Am*mo"nis (m-m"ns); pl. Cornua Ammonis. Etym: [L., horn of
Ammon. See Ammonite.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil shell, curved like a ram's horn; an obsolete name for an ammonite.

CORNUCOPIA Cor`nu*co"pi*a (kr`n-k"p-), n.; pl. Cornucopias (-. Etym: [L. cornu copiae horn of plenty. See Horn, and Copious.]

1. The horn of plenty, from which fruits and flowers are represented as issuing. It is an emblem of abundance.

2. pl. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of grasses bearing spikes of flowers resembling the cornucopia in form.

Note: Some writers maintain that this word should be written, in the singular, cornu copiæ, and in the plural, cornua copiæ.

CORNUTE; CORNUTED Cor"nute (kr"nt or kr-nt"), Cor*nut"ed (kr-n"td), a. Etym: [L. cornutus horned, from cornu horn.]

1. Bearing horns; horned; horn-shaped.

2. Cuckolded. [R.] "My being cornuted." LEstrange.

CORNUTE
Cor*nute" (kr-nt"), v. t.

Defn: To bestow horns upon; to make a cuckold of; to cuckold. [Obs.]
Burton.

CORNUTO
Cor*nu"to (kr-n"t), n. Etym: [It., fr. L. cornutus horned.]

Defn: A man that wears the horns; a cuckold. [R.] Shak.

CORNUTOR
Cor*nu"tor (-tr), n.

Defn: A cuckold maker. [R.] Jordan.

CORNY
Cor"ny (kr"n), a. Etym: [L. cornu horn.]

Defn: Strong, stiff, or hard, like a horn; resembling horn.
Up stood the cornu reed. Milton.

CORNY
Corn"y, a.

1. Producing corn or grain; furnished with grains of corn. [R.] "The corny ear." Prior.

2. Containing corn; tasting well of malt. [R.] A draught of moist and corny ale. Chaucer.

3. Tipsy. [Vulgar, Eng.] Forby.

COROCORE
Cor"o*core (kr"-kr), n.

Defn: A kind of boat of various forms, used in the Indian
Archipelago.

CORODY Cor"o*dy (kr"-d), n. Etym: [LL. corrodium, corredium, conredium, furniture, provision: cf. OF. conroi. See Curry.] (Old Law)

Defn: An allowance of meat, drink, or clothing due from an abbey or other religious house for the sustenance of such of the king's servants as he may designate to receive it. [Written also corrody.]

COROL
Cor"ol (kr"l), n. (Bot.)

Defn: A corolla.

COROLLA Co*rol"la (k-rl"l), n. Etym: [L. corolla a little crown or garland, dim. of corona. See Crown.] (Bot.)

Defn: The inner envelope of a flower; the part which surrounds the organs of fructification, consisting of one or more leaves, called petals. It is usually distinguished from the calyx by the fineness of its texture and the gayness of its colors. See the Note under Blossom.

COROLLACEOUS
Cor`ol*la"ceous (kr`l-l"shs), a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, a corolla; having the form or texture of a corolla.

COROLLARY Cor"ol*la*ry (kr"l-l-r; 277), n.; pl. Corollaries (-r. Etym: [L. corollarium gift, corollary, fr. corolla. See Corolla.]

1. That which is given beyond what is actually due, as a garland of flowers in addition to wages; surplus; something added or superfluous. [Obs.] Now come, my Ariel; bring a corollary, Rather than want a spirit. Shak.

2. Something which follows from the demonstration of a proposition; an additional inference or deduction from a demonstrated proposition; a consequence.

COROLLATE; COROLLATED
Cor"ol*late (kr"l-lt), Cor"ol*la`ted (-l`td), a.

Defn: Having a corolla or corollas; like a corolla.

COROLLET
Cor"ol*let (kr"l-lt), n. Etym: [Dim. fr. corolla.] (Bot.)

Defn: A floret in an aggregate flower. [Obs.] Martyn.

COROLLIFLORAL; COROLLIFLOROUS
Co*rol`li*flo"ral (k-rl`l-fl"ral), Co*rol`li*flo"rous (-fl"rs), a.
Etym: [Corolla + L. flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the stamens borne on the petals, and the latter free from the calyx. Compare Calycifloral and Thalamifloral.

COROLLINE
Cor"ol*line (-ln), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a corolla.

COROMANDEL
Cor`o*man"del (kr`-mn"del), n. (Geol.)

Defn: The west coast, or a portion of the west coast, of the Bay of
Bengal. Coromandel gooseberry. See Carambola.
— Coromandel wood, Calamander wood.

CORONA Co*ro"na (k-r"n), n.; pl. L. Coronæ (-nCoronas (-n. Etym: [L. corona crown. See Crown.]

1. A crown or garland bestowed among the Romans as a reward for distinguished services.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: The projecting part of a Classic cornice, the under side of which is cut with a recess or channel so as to form a drip. See Illust. of Column.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: The upper surface of some part, as of a tooth or the skull; a crown.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The shelly skeleton of a sea urchin.

5. (Astrol.)

Defn: A peculiar luminous apearance, or aureola, which surrounds the sun, and which is seen only when the sun is totally eclipsed by the moon.

6. (Bot.) (a) An inner appendage to a petal or a corolla, often forming a special cup, as in the daffodil and jonquil. (b) Any crownlike appendage at the top of an organ.

7. (Meteorol.) (a) A circle, usually colored, seen in peculiar states of the atmosphere around and close to a luminous body, as the sun or moon. (b) A peculiar phase of the aurora borealis, formed by the concentration or convergence of luminous beams around the point in the heavens indicated by the direction of the dipping needle.

8. A crown or circlet suspended from the roof or vaulting of churches, to hold tapers lighted on solemn occasions. It is sometimes formed of double or triple circlets, arranged pyramidically. Called also corona lucis. Fairholt.

9. (Mus.)

Defn: A character called the pause or hold.

CORONACH
Cor"o*nach (kr"-nk), n.

Defn: See Coranach.

CORONAL Cor"o*nal (kr"-nal or, esp. in science, k-r"nal; 277), a. Etym: [L. coronalis: cf. F. coronal.]

1. Of or pertaining to a corona (in any of the senses). The coronal light during the eclipse is faint. Abney.

2. Of or pertaining to a king's crown, or coronation. The law and his coronal oath require his undeniable assent to what laws the Parliament agree upon. Milton.

3. Of or pertaining to the top of the head or skull.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the shell of a sea urchin. Coronal suture (Anat.), a suture extending across the skull between the parietal and frontal bones; the frontoparietal suture.

CORONAL
Cor"o*nal, n.

1. A crown; wreath; garland. Spenser.

2. The frontal bone, over which the ancients wore their coronæ or garlands. Hooper.

CORONAMEN
Cor`o*na"men (kr`-n"mn), n. Etym: [L., a crowning.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The upper margin of a hoof; a coronet.

CORONARY
Cor"o*na*ry (kr"-n-r), a. Etym: [L. coronarius: cf. F. coronaire.]

1. Of or pertaining to a crown; ferming, or adapted to form, a crown or garland. "Coronary thorns." Bp. Pearson. The catalogue of coronary plants is not large in Theophrastus. Sir T. Browne.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Resembling, or situated like, a crown or circlet; as, the coronary arteries and veins of the heart.

CORONARY
Cor"o*na*ry, n.

Defn: A small bone in the foot of a horse.

CORONARY BONE
Cor"o*na*ry bone.

Defn: The small pastern bone of the horse and allied animals.

CORONARY CUSHION
Coronary cushion.

Defn: A cushionlike band of vascular tissue at the upper border of the wall of the hoof of the horse and allied animals. It takes an important part in the secretion of the horny walls.

CORONATE; CORONATED Cor"o*nate (kr"-nt), Cor"o*na`ted (-n`ted), a. Etym: [L. coronatus, p. p. of coronare to crown, fr. corona. See Crown.]

1. Having or wearing a crown.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) Having the coronal feathers lengthened or otherwise distinguished; — said of birds. (b) Girt about the spire with a row of tubercles or spines; — said of spiral shells.

3. (Biol.)

Defn: Having a crest or a crownlike appendage.

CORONATION
Cor`o*na"tion (kr`-n"shn), n. Etym: [See Coronate.]

1. The act or solemnity of crowning a sovereign; the act of investing a prince with the insignia of royalty, on his succeeding to the sovereignty.

2. The pomp or assembly at a coronation. Pope.

CORONEL
Coro"nel (kr"nel), n. Etym: [See Colonel.]

Defn: A colonel. [Obs.] Spenser.

CORONEL
Cor"o*nel (kr"-nl or kr"nl), n. Etym: [Cf. Cronel, Crown.] (Anc.
Armor)

Defn: The iron head of a tilting spear, divided into two, three, or four blunt points. [Written also cronel.] Grose.

CORONER Cor"o*ner (kr"-nr), n. Etym: [From OE. coronen to crown, OF. coroner, fr. L. coronare, fr. corona crown. Formed as a translation of LL. coronator coroner, fr. L. corona crown, the coroner having been originally a prosecuting officer of the crown. See Crown.]

Defn: An officer of the peace whose principal duty is to inquire, with the help of a jury, into the cause of any violent, sudden or mysterious death, or death in prison, usually on sight of the body and at the place where the death occurred. [In England formerly also written and pronounced crowner.]

Note: In some of the United States the office of coroner is abolished, that of medical examiner taking its place. Coroner's inquest. See under Inquest.

CORONET Cor"o*net (kr"-nt), n. Etym: [Dim. of OE. corone crown; cf. OF. coronete. See Crown, and cf. Crownet, Cronet.]

1. An ornamental or honorary headdress, having the shape and character of a crown; particularly, a crown worn as the mark of high rank lower than sovereignty. The word is used by Shakespeare to denote also a kingly crown. Without a star, a coronet, or garter. Goldsmith.

Note: The coronet of the Prince of Wales consist of a circlet of gold with four crosses pattée around the edge between as many fleurs-de- lis. The center crosses are connected by an arch which is surmounted by a globe or cross. The coronet of a British duke is adorned with strawberry leaves; that of a marquis has leaves with pearls interposed; that of an earl raises the pearls above the leaves; that of a viscount is surrounded with pearls only; that of a baron has only four pearls.

2. (Far.)

Defn: The upper part of a horse's hoof, where the horn terminates in skin. James White.

3. (Anc. Armor)

Defn: The iron head of a tilting spear; a coronel. Crose.

CORONETED
Cor"o*net*ed (-nt-d), a.

Defn: Wearing, or entitled to wear, a coronet; of noble birth or rank.

CORONIFORM Co*ron"i*form (k-rn"-frm or k-r"n-), a. Etym: [L. corona crown + - form.]

Defn: Having the form of a crown or coronet; resembling a crown.

CORONILLA Cor`o*nil"la (kr`-nl"l), n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. corona crown: cf. F. coronille.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants related to the clover, having their flowers arranged in little heads or tufts resembling coronets.

CORONIS
Co*ro"nis (k-r"ns), n. Etym: [Gr. Cornice.]

1. In Greek grammar, a sign ['] sometimes placed over a contracted syllable. W. W. Goodwin.

2. The curved line or flourish at the end of a book or chapter; hence, the end. [R.] Bp. Hacket.

CORONIUM
Co*ro"ni*um, n. [NL. See Corona.] (Chem. & Astron.)

Defn: The principal gaseous substance forming the solar corona, characterized by a green line in the coronal spectrum.

CORONOID
Cor"o*noid (kr"-noid), a. Etym: [Gr. -oid: cf. F. corono.] (Anat.)

Defn: Resembling the beak of a crow; as, the coronoid process of the jaw, or of the ulna.

CORONULE
Cor"o*nule (kr"-nl), n. Etym: [L. coronula, dim. of corona crown.]
(Bot.)

Defn: A coronet or little crown of a seed; the downy tuft on seeds.
See Pappus. Martyn.

COROUN
Co*roun" (k-roun"), v. & n.

Defn: Crown. [Obs.] Chaucer.

COROZO; COROSSO Co*ro"zo Co*ros"so (k-r"th or -s), n. Etym: [Cf. Sp. cerozo a kind of palm tree.]

Defn: The name in Central America for the seed of a true palm; also, a commercial name for the true ivory nut. See Ivory nut.

CORPORACE
Cor"po*race (kr"p-rs), n.

Defn: See Corporas.

CORPORAL
Cor"po*ral (kr"p-ral), n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. F. caporal, It.
caporale, fr. capo head, chief, L. caput. See Chief, and cf.
Caporal.] (Mil.)

Defn: A noncommissioned officer, next below a sergeant. In the United States army he is the lowest noncomissioned officer in a company of infantry. He places and relieves sentinels. Corporal's guard, a detachment such as would be in charge of a corporal for guard duty, etc.; hence, derisively, a very small number of persons. — Lance corporal, an assistant corporal on private's pay. Farrow. — Ship's corporal (Naut.), a petty officer who assists the master at arms in his various duties.

CORPORAL
Cor"po*ral, a. Etym: [L. corporalis, fr. corpus body. See Corpse.]

1. Belonging or relating to the body; bodily. "Past corporal toil." Shak. Pillories and other corporal infections. Milton. Corporal punishment (law), punishment applied to the body of the offender, including the death penalty, whipping, and imprisonment.

2. Having a body or substance; not spiritual; material. In this sense now usually written corporeal. Milton. A corporal heaven . . . .where the stare are. Latimer. What seemed corporal melted As breath into the wind. Shak.

Syn. — Corporal, Bodily, Corporeal. Bodily is opposed to mental; as, bodily affections. Corporeal refers to the whole physical structure or nature, of the body; as, corporeal substance or frame. Corporal, as now used, refers more to punishment or some infliction; as, corporal punishment. To speak of corporeal punishment is an error. Bodily austerities; the corporeal mold.

CORPORAL; CORPORALE Cor"po*ral (kr"p-ral), Cor`po*ra"le (-r"l), n. Etym: [LL. corporale: cf.F. corporal. See Corporal,a.]

Defn: A fine linen cloth, on which the sacred elements are consecrated in the eucharist, or with which they are covered; a communion cloth. Corporal oath, a solemn oath; — so called from the fact that it was the ancient usage for the party taking it to touch the corporal, or cloth that covered the consecrated elements.

CORPORALITY Cor`po*ral"i*ty (kr`p-rl"l-t), n.: pl. Corporalities (-t. Etym: [L. corporalitas: cf. F.corporalit.]

1. The state of being or having a body; bodily existence; corporeality; — opposed to spirituality. Dr. H. More.

2. A confraternity; a guild. [Obs.] Milton.

CORPORALLY
Cor"po*ral*ly (kr"p-ral-ly), adv.

Defn: In or with the body; bodily; as, to be corporally present.
Sharp.

CORPORALSHIP
Cor"po*ral*ship, n. (Mil.)

Defn: A corporal's office.

CORPORAS
Cor"po*ras (kr"p-rs), n. Etym: [Prop. pl. of corporal.]

Defn: The corporal, or communion cloth. [Obs.] Fuller.

CORPORATE Cor"po*rate (kr"p-rt), a. Etym: [L. corporatus, p. p. of corporare to shape into a body, fr. corpus body. See Corpse.]

1. Formed into a body by legal enactment; united in an association, and endowed by law with the rights and liabilities of an individual; incorporated; as, a corporate town.

2. Belonging to a corporation or incorporated body. "Corporate property." Hallam.

3. United; general; collectively one. They answer in a joint and corporate voice. Shak. Corporate member, an actual or voting member of a corporation, as distinguished from an associate or an honorary member; as, a corporate member of the American Board.

CORPORATE
Cor"po*rate (-rt), v. t.

Defn: To incorporate. [Obs.] Stow.

CORPORATE
Cor"po*rate, v. i.

Defn: To become incorporated. [Obs.]

CORPORATELY
Cor"po*rate*ly (-rt-l), adv.

1. In a corporate capacity; acting as a coprporate body.

2. In, or as regarda, the body. Fabyan.

CORPORATION
Cor`po*ra"tion (kr`p-r"shn), n. Etym: [L. corporatio incarnation: cf.
F. corporation corporation.]

Defn: A body politic or corporate, formed and authorized by law to act as a single person, and endowed by law with the capacity of succession; a society having the capacity of transacting business as an individual.

Note: Corporations are aggregate or sole. Corporations aggregate consist of two or more persons united in a society, which is preserved by a succession of members, either forever or till the corporation is dissolved by the power that formed it, by the death of all its members, by surrender of its charter or franchises, or by forfeiture. Such corporations are the mayor and aldermen of cities, the head and fellows of a college, the dean and chapter of a cathedral church, the stockholders of a bank or insurance company, etc. A corporation sole consists of a single person, who is made a body corporate and politic, in order to give him some legal capacities, and especially that of succession, which as a natural person he can not have. Kings, bishops, deans, parsons, and vicars, are in England sole corporations. A fee will not pass to a corporation sole without the word "successors" in the grant. There are instances in the United States of a minister of a parish seized of parsonage lands in the right of his parish, being a corporation sole, as in Massachusetts. Corporations are sometimes classified as public and private; public being convertible with municipal, and private corporations being all corporations not municipal. Close corporation. See under Close.

CORPORATOR
Cor"po*ra`tor (kr"p-r`tr), n.

Defn: A member of a corporation, esp. one of the original members.

CORPORATURE
Cor"po*ra*ture (kr"p-r-tr), n.

Defn: The state of being embodied; bodily existence. [Obs.] Dr. H.
More.

CORPOREAL
Cor*po"re*al (kr-p"r-al), a. Etym: [L. corporeus, fr. corpus body.]

Defn: Having a body; consisting of, or pertaining to, a material body or substance; material; — opposed to spiritual or immaterial. His omnipotence That to corporeal substance could add Speed almost spiritual. Milton. Corporeal property, such as may be seen and handled (as opposed to incorporeal, which can not be seen or handled, and exists only in contemplation). Mozley & W.

Syn.
— Corporal; bodily. See Corporal.

CORPOREALISM
Cor*po"re*al*ism (-z'm), n.

Defn: Materialism. Cudworth.

CORPOREALIST
Cor*po"re*al*ist (kr-p"r-al-st), n.

Defn: One who denies the reality of spiritual existences; a
materialist.
Some corporealists pretended . . . to make a world without a God. Bp.
Berkeley.

CORPOREALITY
Cor*po`re*al"i*ty (-l"-t), n.: pl. Corporealities (-t.

Defn: The state of being corporeal; corporeal existence.

CORPOREALLY
Cor*po"re*al*ly (kr-p"r-al-l), adv.

Defn: In the body; in a bodily form or manner.

CORPOREALNESS
Cor*po"re*al*ness (-ns), n.

Defn: Corporeality; corporeity.

CORPOREITY Cor`po*re"i*ty (kr`p-r"-t), n. Etym: [LL. corporeitas: cf. F. corpor.]

Defn: The state of having a body; the state of being corporeal;
materiality.
The one attributed corporeity to God. Bp. Stillingfleet.
Those who deny light to be matter, do not therefore deny its
corporeity. Coleridge.

CORPORIFY Cor*por"i*fy (kr-pr"-f), v. t. Etym: [L. corpus body + -fy: cf. F. corporifier.]

Defn: To embody; to form into a body. [Obs.] Boyle.

CORPOSANT
Cor"po*sant (kr"p-znt), n. Etym: [It. corpo santo holy body.]

Defn: St. Elmo's fire. See under Saint.

CORPS
Corps (kr, pl. krz), n. sing. & pl. Etym: [F., fr. L. corpus body.
See Corpse.]

1. The human body, whether living or dead. [Obs.] See Corpse, 1. By what craft in my corps, it cometh [commences] and where. Piers Plowman.

2. A body of men; esp., an organized division of the military establishment; as, the marine corps; the corps of topographical engineers; specifically, an army corps. A corps operating with an army should consist of three divisions of the line, a brigade of artillery, and a regiment of cavalry. Gen. Upton (U. S. Tactics. )

3. A body or code of laws. [Obs.] The whole corps of the law. Bacon.

4. (Eccl.)

Defn: The land with which a prebend or other ecclesiastical office is endowed. [Obs.] The prebendaries over and above their reserved rents have a corps. Bacon. Army corps, or (French) Corps d'armée (k, a body containing two or more divisions of a large army, organized as a complete army in itself. — Corps de logis (ke l Etym: [F., body of the house], the principal mass of a building, considered apart from its wings. — Corps diplomatique (k Etym: [F., diplomatic body], the body of ministers or envoys accredited to a government.

CORPSE
Corpse (krps), n. Etym: [OF. cors (sometimes written corps), F.
corps, L. corpus; akin to AS. hrif womb. See Midriff, and cf. Corse,
Corselet, Corps, Cuerpo.]

1. A human body in general, whether living or dead; — sometimes contemptuosly. [Obs.]

Note: Formerly written (after the French form) corps. See Corps, n., 1.

2. The dead body of a human being; — used also Fig. He touched the dead corpse of Public Credit, and it sprung upon its feet. D. Webster. Corpse candle. (a) A thick candle formerly used at a lich wake, or the customary watching with a corpse on the night before its interment. (b) A luminous appearance, resembling the flame of a candle, sometimes seen in churchyards and other damp places, superstitiously regarded as portending death. — Corpse gate, the gate of a burial place through which the dead are carried, often having a covered porch; — called also lich gate.

CORPULENCE; CORPULENCY Cor"pu*lence (kr"p-lens), Cor"pu*len*cy (kr"p-len-s), n. Etym: [L. corpulentia: cf. F. corpulence.]

1. Excessive fatness; fleshiness; obesity.

2. Thickness; density; compactness. [Obs.] The heaviness and corpulency of water requiring a great force to divide it. Ray.

CORPULENT Cor"pu*lent (-p-lent), a. Etym: [L. corpulentus, fr. corpus: cf. F. corpulent. See Corpse.]

1. Very fat; obese.

2. Solid; gross; opaque. [Obs.] Holland.

Syn.
— Stout; fleshy; bulky; obese. See Stout.

CORPULENTLY
Cor"pu*lent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a corpulent manner.

CORPUS
Cor"pus (-ps), n.; pl. Corpora (-p. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A body, living or dead; the corporeal substance of a thing. Corpus callosum (k; pl. Corpora callosa (-s Etym: [NL., callous body] (Anat.), the great band of commissural fibers uniting the cerebral hemispheries. See Brain. — Corpus Christi (kr Etym: [L., body of Christ] (R. C. Ch.), a festival in honor of the eucharist, observed on the Thursday after Trinity Sunday. — Corpus Christi cloth. Same as Pyx cloth, under Pyx. — Corpus delicti (d Etym: [L., the body of the crime] (Law), the substantial and fundamental fact of the comission of a crime; the proofs essential to establish a crime. — Corpus luteum (l; pl. Corpora lutea (-. Etym: [NL., luteous body] (Anat.), the reddish yellow mass which fills a ruptured Grafian follicle in the mammalian ovary. — Corpus striatum (str; pl. Corpora striata (-t. Etym: [NL., striate body] (Anat.), a ridge in the wall of each lateral ventricle of the brain.

CORPUSCLE
Cor"pus*cle (-ps-s'l), n. Etym: [L. corpusculum, dim. of corpus.]

1. A minute particle; an atom; a molecule.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A protoplasmic animal cell; esp., such as float free, like blood, lymph, and pus corpuscles; or such as are imbedded in an intercellular matrix, like connective tissue and cartilage corpuscles. See Blood. Virchow showed that the corpuscles of bone are homologous with those of connective tissue. Quain's Anat. Red blood corpuscles (Physiol.), in man, yellowish, biconcave, circular discs varying from 1/3500 to 1/3200 of an inch in diameter and about 1/12400 of an inch thick. They are composed of a colorless stroma filled in with semifluid hæmoglobin and other matters. In most mammals the red corpuscles are circular, but in the camels, birds, reptiles, and the lower vertebrates generally, they are oval, and sometimes more or less spherical in form. In Amphioxus, and most invertebrates, the blood corpuscles are all white or colorless. — White blood corpuscles (Physiol.), rounded, slightly flattened, nucleated cells, mainly protoplasmic in composition, and possessed of contractile power. In man, the average size is about 1/2500 of an inch, and they are present in blood in much smaller numbers than the red corpuscles.

CORPUSCULAR
Cor*pus"cu*lar (kr-ps"k-lr), a. Etym: [Cf. F. corpusculaire.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or composed of, corpuscles, or small particles. Corpuscular philosophy, that which attempts to account for the phenomena of nature, by the motion, figure, rest, position, etc., of the minute particles of matter. — Corpuscular theory (Opt.), the theory enunciated by Sir Isaac Newton, that light consists in the emission and rapid progression of minute particles or corpuscles. The theory is now generally rejected, and supplanted by the undulatory theory.

CORPUSCULARIAN
Cor*pus`cu*la"ri*an (-l"r-an), a.

Defn: Corpuscular. [Obs.]

CORPUSCULARIAN
Cor*pus`cu*la"ri*an, n.

Defn: An adherent of the corpuscular philosophy. Bentley.

CORPUSCULE
Cor*pus"cule (kr-ps"kl), n.

Defn: A corpuscle. [Obs.]

CORPUSCULOUS
Cor*pus"cu*lous (-k-ls), a.

Defn: Corpuscular. Tyndall.

CORRADE Cor*rade" (kr-rd"), v. t. Etym: [L. corradere, -rasum; cor- + radere to rub.]

1. To gnaw into; to wear away; to fret; to consume. [Obs.] Dr. R. Clerke.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: To erode, as the bed of a stream. See Corrosion.

CORRADIAL
Cor*ra"di*al (kr-r"d-al), a.

Defn: Radiating to or from the same point. [R.] Coleridge.

CORRADIATE
Cor*ra"di*ate (kr-r"d-t), v. t.

Defn: To converge to one point or focus, as light or rays.

CORRADIATION
Cor*ra`di*a"tion (kr-r`d-"shn), n.

Defn: A conjunction or concentration of rays in one point. Bacom

CORRAL
Cor*ral" (kr-rl"; Sp. kr-rl"), n. Etym: [Sp., a yard, a yard for
cattle, fr. corro a circle or ring, fr. L. currere to run. Cf.
Kraal.]

Defn: A pen for animals; esp., an inclosure made with wagons, by emigrants in the vicinity of hostile Indians, as a place of security for horses, cattle, etc.

CORRAL Cor*ral", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Corraled (-rld" or -rld"); p. pr. & vb. n. Corralling.]

Defn: To surround and inclose; to coop up; to put into an inclosed space; — primarily used with reference to securing horses and cattle in an inclosure of wagons while traversing the plains, but in the Southwestern United States now colloquially applied to the capturing, securing, or penning of anything. Bartlett.

CORRASION
Cor*ra"sion (kr-r"zhn), n. Etym: [See Corrade.] (Geol.)

Defn: The erosion of the bed of a stream by running water, principally by attrition of the detritus carried along by the stream, but also by the solvent action of the water.

CORRASIVE
Cor*ra"sive (-sv), a.

Defn: Corrosive. [Obs.]
Corrasive sores which eat into the flesh. Holland.

CORRECT Cor*rect" (kr-rkt"), a. Etym: [L. correctus, p. p. of corrigere to make straight, to correct; cor- + regere to lead straight: cf. F. correct. See Regular, Right, and cf. Escort.]

Defn: Set right, or made straight; hence, conformable to truth, rectitude, or propriety, or to a just standard; nnot faulty or imperfect; free from error; as, correct behavior; correct views. Always use the most correct editions. Felton.

Syn.
— Accurate; right, exact; precise; regular; faultless. See
Accurate.

CORRECT
Cor*rect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Corrected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Correcting.]

1. To make right; to bring to the standard of truth, justice, or propriety; to rectify; as, to correct manners or principles. This is a defect in the first make of same men's minds which can scarce ever be corrected afterwards. T. Burnet.

2. To remove or retrench the faults or errors of; to amend; to set right; as, to correct the proof (that is, to mark upon the margin the changes to be made, or to make in the type the changes so marked).

3. To bring back, or attempt to bring back, to propriety in morals; to reprove or punish for faults or deviations from moral rectitude; to chastise; to discipline; as, a child should be corrected for lying. My accuser is my 'prentice; and when I did correct him for his fault the other day, he did vow upon his knees he would be even with me. Shak.

4. To counteract the qualities of one thing by those of another; — said of whatever is wrong or injurious; as, to correct the acidity of the stomach by alkaline preparations.

Syn. — To amend; rectify; emend; reform; improve; chastise; punish; discipline; chasten. See Amend.

CORRECTIBLE; CORRECTABLE
Cor*rect"i*ble (-rk"t-b'l), Cor*rect"a*ble (-rk"t-b'l), a.

Defn: Capable of being corrected.

CORRECTIFY
Cor*rect"i*fy (kr-rk"t-f), v. t.

Defn: To correct. [Obs.]
When your worship's plassed to correctify a lady. Beau & Fl.

CORRECTION
Cor*rec"tion (kr-rk"shn), n. Etym: [L. correctio: cf. F. correction.]

1. The act of correcting, or making that right which was wrong; change for the better; amendment; rectification, as of an erroneous statement. The due correction of swearing, rioting, neglect of God's word, and other scandalouss vices. Strype.

2. The act of reproving or punishing, or that which is intended to rectify or to cure faults; punishment; discipline; chastisement. Correction and instruction must both work Ere this rude beast will profit. Shak.

3. That which is substituted in the place of what is wrong; an emendation; as, the corrections on a proof sheet should be set in the margin.

4. Abatement of noxious qualities; the counteraction of what is inconvenient or hurtful in its effects; as, the correction of acidity in the stomach.

5. An allowance made for inaccuracy in an instrument; as, chronometer correction; compass correction. Correction line (Surv.), a parallel used as a new base line in laying out township in the government lands of the United States. The adoption at certain intervals of a correction line is necessitated by the convergence of of meridians, and the statute requirement that the townships must be squares. — House of correction, a house where disorderly persons are confined; a bridewell. — Under correction, subject to correction; admitting the possibility of error.

CORRECTIONAL
Cor*rec"tion*al (kr-rk"shn-al), a. Etym: [Cf. F. correctionnel.]

Defn: Tending to, or intended for, correction; used for correction; as, a correctional institution.

CORRECTIONER
Cor*rec"tion*er (-r), n.

Defn: One who is, or who has been, in the house of correction. [Obs.]
Shak.

CORRECTIVE
Cor*rect"ive (krr-rk"tv), a. Etym: [Cf. F. correctif.]

1. Having the power to correct; tending to rectify; as, corrective penalties. Mulberries are pectoral, corrective of billious alkali. Arbuthnot.

2. Qualifying; limiting. "The Psalmist interposeth . . . this corrective particle." Holdsworth.

CORRECTIVE
Cor*rect"ive, n.

1. That which has the power of correcting, altering, or counteracting what is wrong or injurious; as, alkalies are correctives of acids; penalties are correctives of immoral conduct. Burke.

2. Limitation; restriction. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

CORRECTLY
Cor*rect"ly (kr-rkt"l), adv.

Defn: In a correct manner; exactly; acurately; without fault or error.

CORRECTNESS
Cor*rect"ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being correct; as, the correctness of opinions or of manners; correctness of taste; correctness in writing or speaking; the correctness of a text or copy.

Syn.
— Accuracy; exactness; precision; propriety.

CORRECTOR
Cor*rect"or (kr-rkt"r), n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who, or that which, corrects; as, a corrector of abuses; a corrector of the press; an alkali is a corrector of acids.

CORRECTORY
Cor*rect"o*ry (—r), a.

Defn: Containing or making correction; corrective.

CORRECTRESS
Cor*rect"ress (-rs), n.

Defn: A woman who corrects.

CORREGIDOR Cor*reg"i*dor (kr-rj"-dr; Sp. kr-r`h-dr"), n. Etym: [Sp., orig., a corrector.]

Defn: The chief magistrate of a Spanish town.

CORREI
Cor"rei (kr"r), n. Etym: [Scot., perh. fr. Celt. cor a corner.]

Defn: A hollow in the side of a hill, where game usually lies. "Fleet foot on the correi." Sir W. Scott.

CORRELATABLE
Cor`re*lat"a*ble (k3r`r-lt"-b'l), a.

Defn: Such as can be correlated; as, correlatable phenomena.

CORRELATE Cor`re*late" (kr`r-lt" or kr"r-lt`), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Correlated; p. pr. & vb. n. Correlating.] Etym: [Pref. cor- + relate.]

Defn: To have reciprocal or mutual relations; to be mutually related.
Doctrine and worship correlate as theory and practice. Tylor.

CORRELATE
Cor`re*late", v. t.

Defn: To put in relation with each other; to connect together by the disclosure of a mutual relation; as, to correlate natural phenomens. Darwin.

CORRELATE
Cor"re*late (kr"r-lt), n.

Defn: One who, or that which, stands in a reciprocal relation to something else, as father to son; a correlative. South.

CORRELATION Cor`re*la"tion (-l"shn), n. Etym: [LL. correlatio; L. cor- + relatio: cf. F. corrélation. Cf. Correlation.]

Defn: Reciprocal relation; corresponding similarity or parallelism of relation or law; capacity of being converted into, or of giving place to, one another, under certain conditions; as, the correlation of forces, or of zymotic diseases. Correlation of energy, the relation to one another of different forms of energy; — usually having some reference to the principle of conservation of energy. See Conservation of energy, under Conservation. — Correlation of forces, the relation between the forces which matter, endowed with various forms of energy, may exert.

CORRELATIVE
Cor*rel"a*tive (kr-rl"-tv), a. Etym: [Cf. F. corrélatif.]

Defn: Having or indicating a reciprocal relation. Father and son, prince and subject, stranger and citizen, are correlative terms. Hume.

CORRELATIVE
Cor*rel"a*tive, n.

1. One who, or that which, stands in a reciprocal relation, or is correlated, to some other person or thing. Locke. Spiritual things and spiritual men are correlatives. Spelman.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: The antecedent of a pronoun.

CORRELATIVELY
Cor*rel"a*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a correlative relation.

CORRELATIVENESS
Cor*rel"a*tive*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being correlative.

CORRELIGIONIST
Cor`re*li"gion*ist (kr`r-lj"n-st), n.

Defn: A co-religion

CORREPTION Cor*rep"tion (kr-rp"shn), n. Etym: [L. correptio, fr. corripere to seize.]

Defn: Chiding; reproof; reproach. [Obs.] Angry, passionate correption being rather apt to provoke, than to amend. Hammond.

CORRESPOND Cor`re*spond" (kr`r-spnd"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Corresponded; p. pr. & vb. n. Corresponding.] Etym: [Pref. cor- + respond: cf. f. correspondre.]

1. To be like something else in the dimensions and arrangement of its parts; — followed by with or to; as, concurring figures correspond with each other throughout. None of them [the forms of Sidney's sonnets] correspond to the Shakespearean type. J. A. Symonds.

2. To be adapted; to be congruous; to suit; to agree; to fit; to answer; — followed by to. Words being but empty sounds, any farther than they are signs of our ideas, we can not but assent to them as they correspond to those ideas we have, but no farther. Locke.

3. To have intercourse or communion; especially, to hold intercourse or to communicate by sending and receiving letters; — followed by with. After having been long in indirect communication with the exiled family, he [Atterbury] began to correspond directly with the Pretender. Macualay.

Syn.
— To agree; fit; answer; suit; write; address.

CORRESPONDENCE
Cor`re*spond"ence (-spnd"ens), n. Etym: [Cf. F. correspondance.]

1. Friendly intercourse; reciprocal exchange of civilities; especially, intercourse between persons by means of letters. Holding also good correspondence with the other great men in the state. Bacon. To facilitate correspondence between one part of London and another, was not originally one of the objects of the post office. Macualay.

2. The letters which pass between correspondents.

3. Mutual adaptation, relation, or agreement, of one thing to another; agreement; congruity; fitness; relation.

CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL
Cor`res*pond"ence school.

Defn: A school that teaches by correspondence, the instruction being based on printed instruction sheets and the recitation papers written by the student in answer to the questions or requirements of these sheets. In the broadest sense of the term correspondence school may be used to include any educational institution or department for instruction by correspondence, as in a university or other educational bodies, but the term is commonly applied to various educational institutions organized on a commercial basis, some of which offer a large variety of courses in general and technical subjects, conducted by specialists.

CORRESPONDENCY
Cor`re*spond"en*cy (k$r`r—spnd"en-s), n.; pl. Correspondencies (-s.

Defn: Same as Correspondence, 3. The correspondencies of types and antitypes . . . may be very reasonable confirmations. S. Clarke.

CORRESPONDENT
Cor`re*spond"ent (-ent), a. Etym: [Cf. F. correspondant.]

Defn: Suitable; adapted; fit; corresponding; congruous; conformable;
in accord or agreement; obedient; willing.
Action correspondent or repugnant unto the law. Hooker.
As fast the correspondent passions rise. Thomson.
I will be correspondent to command. Shak.

CORRESPONDENT
Cor`re*spond"ent, n.

1. One with whom intercourse is carried on by letter. Macualay.

2. One who communicates information, etc., by letter or telegram to a newspaper or periodical.

3. (Com.)

Defn: One who carries on commercial intercourse by letter or telegram with a person or firm at a distance.

CORRESPONDENTLY
Cor`re*spond"ent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a a corresponding manner; conformably; suitably.

CORRESPONDING
Cor`re*spond"ing, a.

1. Answering; conformable; agreeing; suiting; as, corresponding numbers.

2. Carrying on intercourse by letters. Corresponding member of a society, one residing at a distance, who has been invited to correspond with the society, and aid in carrying out its designs without taking part in its management.

CORRESPONDINGLY
Cor`re*spond"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a corresponding manner; conformably.

CORRESPONSIVE
Cor`re*spon"sive (-r-spn"sv), a.

Defn: Corresponding; conformable; adapted. Shak.
— Cor`re*spon"sive*ly, adv.

CORRIDOR
Cor"ri*dor (kr"r-dr or -dr), n. Etym: [F., fr. Itt. corridpore, or
Sp. corredor; prop., a runner, hence, a running or long line, a
gallery, fr. L. currere to run. See Course.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A gallery or passageway leading to several apartments of a house.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: The covered way lying round the whole compass of the fortifications of a place. [R.]

CORRIDOR TRAIN
Cor"ri*dor train.

Defn: A train whose coaches are connected so as to have through its entire length a continuous corridor, into which the compartments open. [Eng.]

CORRIE
Cor"rie (kr"r), n.

Defn: Same as Correi. [Scot.] Geikie.

CORRIGENDUM
Cor`ri*gen"dum (kr`r-jn"dm), n.; pl. Corrigenda (-d. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A fault or error to be corrected.

CORRIGENT Cor"ri*gent (kr"r—jent), n. Etym: [L. corrigens, p. pr. of corrigere to correct.] (Med.)

Defn: A substance added to a medicine to mollify or modify its action. Dunglison.

CORRIGIBILITY
Cor`ri*gi*bil"i*ty (-j-bl"-t), n.

Defn: Quality of being corrigible; capability of being corrected; corrigibleness.

CORRIGIBLE Cor"ri*gi*ble (kr"r-j-b'l), a. Etym: [LL. corribilis, fr. L. corrigere to correct: cf. F. corrigible. See Correrct.]

1. Capable of being set right, amended, or reformed; as, a corrigible fault.

2. Submissive to correction; docile. "Bending down his corrigible neck." Shak.

3. Deserving chastisement; punishable. [Obs.] He was taken up very short, and adjudged corrigible for such presumptuous language. Howell.

4. Having power to correct; corrective. [Obs.] The . . . .corrigible authority of this lies in our wills. Shak.

CORRIGIBLENESS
Cor"ri*gi*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being corrigible; corrigibility.

CORRIVAL
Cor*ri"val (kr-r"val), n.

Defn: A fellow rival; a competitor; a rival; also, a companion. [R.]
Shak.

CORRIVAL
Cor*ri"val, a.

Defn: Having rivaling claims; emulous; in rivalry. [R.] Bp.
Fleetwood.

CORRIVAL
Cor*ri"val, v. i. & t.

Defn: To compete with; to rival. [R.]

CORRIVALRY
Cor*ri"val*ry (kr-r"val-r), n.

Defn: Corivalry. [R.]

CORRIVALSHIP
Cor*ri"val*ship, n.

Defn: Corivalry. [R.]
By the corrivalship of Shager his false friend. Sir T. Herbert.

CORRIVATE Cor"ri*vate (kr"r-vt), v. t. Etym: [L. corrivatus, p. p. of corrivare to corrivate.]

Defn: To cause to flow together, as water drawn from several streams.
[Obs.] Burton.

CORRIVATION
Cor`ri*va"tion (-v"shn), n. Etym: [L. corrivatio.]

Defn: The flowing of different streams into one. [Obs.] Burton.

CORROBORANT
Cor*rob"o*rant (kr-rb"-rant), a. Etym: [L. corroborans, p. pr. See
Corroborate.]

Defn: Strengthening; supporting; corroborating. Bacon.
— n.

Defn: Anything which gives strength or support; a tonic. The brain, with its proper corroborants, especially with sweet odors and with music. Southey.

CORROBORATE Cor*rob"o*rate (kr-rb"-rt), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Corroborated (-r`td); p. pr. & vb. n. Corroborating (-r`tng). ] Etym: [L. corroboratus, p. p. of corroborare to corroborate; cor- + roborare to strengthen, robur strength. See Robust.]

1. To make strong, or to give additional strength to; to strengthen. [Obs.] As any limb well and duly exercised, grows stronger, the nerves of the body are corroborated thereby. I. Watts.

2. To make more certain; to confirm; to establish. The concurrence of all corroborates the same truth. I. Taylor.

CORROBORATE
Cor*rob"o*rate (-rt), a.

Defn: Corroborated. [Obs.] Bacon.

CORROBORATION
Cor*rob`o*ra"tion (kr-rb`-r"shn), n. Etym: [Cf. F. corroboration.]

1. The act of corroborating, strengthening, or confirming; addition of strength; confirmation; as, the corroboration of an argument, or of information.

2. That which corroborates.

CORROBORATIVE
Cor*rob"o*ra*tive (kr-rb"-r-tv), a. Etym: [Cf. F. corroboratif.]

Defn: Tending to strengthen of confirm.

CORROBORATIVE
Cor*rob"o*ra*tive, n.

Defn: A medicine that strengthens; a corroborant. Wiseman.

CORROBORATORY
Cor*rob"o*ra*to*ry (-t-r), a.

Defn: Tending to strengthen; corroborative; as, corroboratory facts.

CORROBOREE
Cor*rob"o*ree`, n. [Also corrobboree, corrobori, etc.] [Native name.]

1. A nocturnal festivity with which the Australian aborigines celebrate tribal events of importance. Symbolic dances are given by the young men of the tribe, while the women act as musicians.

2. A song or chant made for such a festivity.

3. A festivity or social gathering, esp. one of a noisy or uproarious character; hence, tumult; uproar. [Australia]

CORROBORY
Cor*rob"o*ry, n. & v.

Defn: See Corroboree.

CORRODE
Cor*rode" (kr-rd") v. t. [imp. & p. p. Corroded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Corroding.] Etym: [L. corrodere, -rosum; cor + rodere to gnaw: cf. F.
corroder. See Rodent.]

1. To eat away by degrees; to wear away or diminish by gradually separating or destroying small particles of, as by action of a strong acid or a caustic alkali. Aqua fortis corroding copper . . . is wont to reduce it to a green- blue solution. Boyle.

2. To consume; to wear away; to prey upon; to impair.

CORRODE
Cor*rode", v. i.

Defn: To have corrosive action; to be subject to corrosion. Corroding lead, lead sufficiently pure to be used in making white lead by a process of corroding.

Syn.
— To canker; gnaw; rust; waste; wear away.

CORRODENT Cor*rod"ent (kr-r"dent), a. Etym: [L. corrodens, p. pr. of corrodere.]

Defn: Corrosive. [R.] Bp. King.

CORRODENT
Cor*rod"ent, n.

Defn: Anything that corrodes. Bp. King.

CORRODIATE
Cor*ro"di*ate (kr-r"d-t), v. t. Etym: [See Corrode.]

Defn: To eat away by degrees; to corrode. [Obs.] Sandys.

CORRODIBILITY
Cor*ro`di*bil"i*ty (kr-r`d-bl"-t), n.

Defn: The qualityof being corrodible. [R.] Johnson.

CORRODIBLE
Cor*rod"i*ble (kr-r"d-b'l), a.

Defn: Capable of being corroded; corrosible. Sir T. Browne.

CORROSIBILITY
Cor*ro`si*bil"i*ty (kr-r`s-bl"-t), n.

Defn: Corrodibility. "Corrosibility . . . answers corrosiveness."
Boyle.

CORROSIBLE
Cor*ro"si*ble (kr-r"s-b'l), a.

Defn: Corrodible. Bailey.

CORROSIBLENESS
Cor*ro"si*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being corrosible. Bailey.

CORROSION
Cor*ro"sion (kr-r"zhn), n. Etym: [LL. corrosio: cf. F. corrosion. See
Corrode.]

Defn: The action or effect of corrosive agents, or the process of corrosive change; as, the rusting of iron is a variety of corrosion. Corrosion is a particular species of dissolution of bodies, either by an acid or a saline menstruum. John Quincy.

CORROSIVE
Cor*ro"sive (kr-r"sv), a. Etym: [Cf. F. corrosif.]

1. Eating away; having the power of gradually wearing, changing, or destroying the texture or substance of a body; as, the corrosive action of an acid. "Corrosive liquors." Grew. "Corrosive famine."Thomson.

2. Having the quality of fretting or vexing. Care is no cure, but corrosive. Shak. Corrosive sublimate (Chem.), mercuric chloride, HgCl2; so called because obtained by sublimation, and because of its harsh irritating action on the body tissue. Usually it is in the form of a heavy, transparent, crystalline substance, easily soluble, and of an acrid, burning taste. It is a virulent poison, a powerful antiseptic, and an exellent antisyphilitic; called also mercuric bichloride. It is to be carefully distinguished from calomel, the mild chloride of mercury.

CORROSIVE
Cor*ro"sive, n.

1. That which has the quality of eating or wearing away gradually. [Corrosives] act either directly, by chemically destroying the part, or indirectly by causing inflammation and gangrene. Dunglison.

2. That which has the power of fretting or irritating.
Such speeches . . . are grievous corrosives. Hooker.
— Cor*ro"sive*ly, adv.
— Cor*ro"sive*ness, n.

CORROVAL
Cor*ro"val (kr-r"val), n.

Defn: A dark brown substance of vegetable origin, allied to curare, and used by the natives of New Granada as an arrow poison.

CORROVALINE
Cor*ro"va*line (-v-ln or -ln), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A poisonous alkaloid extracted from corroval, and characterized by its immediate action in paralyzing the heart.

CORRUGANT
Cor"ru*gant (kr"r-gant), a. Etym: [L. corrugans, p. pr. See
Corrugate.]

Defn: Having the power of contracting into wrinkles. Johnson.

CORRUGATE Cor"ru*gate (kr"r-gt), a. Etym: [L. corrugatus, p. p. of corrugare; cor-+ rugare to wrinkle, ruga wrinkle; of uncertain origin.]

Defn: Wrinkled; crumpled; furrowed; contracted into ridges and furrows.

CORRUGATE Cor"ru*gate (-gt), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Corrugated (-g`td); p. pr. & vb. n. Corrugating (-g`tng).]

Defn: To form or shape into wrinkles or folds, or alternate ridges and grooves, as by drawing, contraction, pressure, bending, or otherwise; to wrinkle; to purse up; as, to corrugate plates of iron; to corrugate the forehead. Corrugated iron, sheet iron bent into a series of alternate ridges and grooves in parallel lines, giving it greater stiffness. — Corrugated paper, a thick, coarse paper corrugated in order to give it elasticity. It is used as a wrapping material for fragile articles, as bottles.

CORRUGATION
Cor`ru*ga"tion (kr`r-g"shn), n. Etym: [Cf. F. corrugation.]

Defn: The act corrugating; contraction into wrinkles or alternate ridges and grooves.

CORRUGATOR
Cor"ru*ga`tor (kr"r-g`tr), n. Etym: [NL.; cf. F. corrugateur.]
(Anat.)

Defn: A muscle which contracts the skin of the forehead into wrinkles.

CORRUGENT
Cor*ru"gent (kr-r"jent), a. (Anat.)

Defn: Drawing together; contracting; — said of the corrugator.
[Obs.]

CORRUMP
Cor*rump" (kr-rmp"), v. t. Etym: [L. corrumpere.]

Defn: To corrupt. See Corrupt. [Obs.] Chauser.

CORRUMPABLE
Cor*rump"a*ble (—b'l), a.

Defn: Corruptible. [Obs.]

CORRUPT Cor*rupt` (kr-rpt"), a. Etym: [L. corruptus, p. p. of corrumpere to corrupt; cor- + rumpere to break. See Rupture.]

1. Changed from a sound to a putrid state; spoiled; tainted; vitiated; unsound. Who with such corrupt and pestilent bread would feed them. Knolles.

2. Changed from a state of uprightness, correctness, truth, etc., to a worse state; vitiated; depraved; debased; perverted; as, corrupt language; corrupt judges. At what ease Might corrupt minds procure knaves as corrupt To swear against you. Shak.

3. Abounding in errors; not genuine or correct; as, the text of the manuscript is corrupt.

CORRUPT
Cor*rupt", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Corrupted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Corrupting.]

1. To change from a sound to a putrid or putrescent state; to make putrid; to putrefy.

2. To change from good to bad; to vitiate; to deprave; to pervert; to debase; to defile. Evil communications corrupt good manners. 1. Cor. xv. 33.

3. To draw aside from the path of rectitude and duty; as, to corrupt
a judge by a bribe.
Heaven is above all yet; there sits a Judge That no king can corrupt.
Shak.

4. To debase or render impure by alterations or innovations; to falsify; as, to corrupt language; to corrupt the sacred text. He that makes an ill use of it [language], though he does not corrupt the fountains of knowledge, . . . yet he stops the pines. Locke.

5. To waste, spoil, or consume; to make worthless. Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth, where moth and rust doth corrupt. Matt. vi. 19.

CORRUPT
Cor*rupt" (kr-rpt"), v. i.

1. To become putrid or tainted; to putrefy; to rot. Bacon.

2. To become vitiated; to lose putity or goodness.

CORRUPTER
Cor*rupt"er (kr-rp"tr), n.

Defn: One who corrupts; one who vitiates or taints; as, a corrupter of morals.

CORRUPTFUL
Cor*rupt"ful (-fl), a.

Defn: Tending to corrupt; full of corruption. [Obs.] "Corruptful bribes." Spenser.

CORRUPTIBILITY Cor*rupt`i*bil"i*ty (kr-rp`t-bl"-t), n. Etym: [L. corruptibilitas: cf. F. corruptibilité.]

Defn: The quality of being corruptible; the possibility or liability of being corrupted; corruptibleness. Burke.

CORRUPTIBLE Cor*rupt"i*ble (kr-rp"t-b'l), a. Etym: [L. corruptibilis: cf. F. corruptible.]

1. Capable of being made corrupt; subject to decay. "Our corruptible
bodies." Hooker.
Ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold. 1
Pet. i. 18.

2. Capable of being corrupted, or morally vitiated; susceptible of
depravation.
They systematically corrupt very corruptible race. Burke.
— Cor*rupt"i*ble*ness, n.
— Cor*rupt"i*bly, adv.

CORRUPTIBLE
Cor*rupt"i*ble, n.

Defn: That which may decay and perish; the human body. [Archaic] 1
Cor. xv. 53.

CORRUPTINGLY
Cor*rupt"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner that corrupts.

CORRUPTION
Cor*rup"tion (kr-rp"shn), n. Etym: [F. corruption, L. corruptio.]

1. The act of corrupting or making putrid, or state of being corrupt or putrid; decomposition or disorganization, in the process of putrefaction; putrefaction; deterioration. The inducing and accelerating of putrefaction is a subject of very universal inquiry; for corruption is a reciprocal to "generation". Bacon.

2. The product of corruption; putrid matter.

3. The act of corrupting or of impairing integrity, virtue, or moral principle; the state of being corrupted or debased; loss of purity or integrity; depravity; wickedness; impurity; bribery. It was necessary, by exposing the gross corruptions of monasteries, . . . to exite popular indignation against them. Hallam. They abstained from some of the worst methods of corruption usual to their party in its earlier days. Bancroft.

Note: Corruption, when applied to officers, trustees, etc., signifies the inducing a violation of duty by means of pecuniary considerations. Abbott.

4. The act of changing, or of being changed, for the worse; departure from what is pure, simple, or correct; as, a corruption of style; corruption in language. Corruption of blood (Law), taint or impurity of blood, in consequence of an act of attainder of treason or felony, by which a person is disabled from inheriting any estate or from transmitting it to others. Corruption of blood can be removed only by act of Parliament. Blackstone.

Syn.
— Putrescence; putrefaction; defilement; contamination;
deprivation; debasement; adulteration; depravity; taint. See
Depravity.

CORRUPTIONIST
Cor*rup"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One who corrupts, or who upholds corruption. Sydney Smith.

CORRUPTIVE
Cor*rupt"ive (kr-rp"tv), a. Etym: [L. corruptivus: cf. F. corruptif.]

Defn: Having the quality of taining or vitiating; tending to produce
corruption.
It should be endued with some corruptive quality for so speedy a
dissolution of the meat. Ray.

CORRUPTLESS
Cor*rupt"less (kr-rpt"ls), a.

Defn: Not susceptible of corruption or decay; incorruptible. Dryden.

CORRUPTLY
Cor*rupt"ly, adv.

Defn: In a corrupt manner; by means of corruption or corrupting influences; wronfully.

CORRUPTNESS
Cor*rupt"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being corrupt.

CORRUPTRESS
Cor*rupt"ress (-rs), n.

Defn: A woman who corrupts.
Thou studied old corruptress. Beau & Fl.

CORSAC
Cor"sac (kr"sk), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The corsak.

CORSAGE
Cor"sage (kr"sj), n. Etym: [F. See Corset.]

Defn: The waist or bodice of a lady's dress; as. a low corsage.

CORSAIR Cor"sair (kr"sr), n. Etym: [F. corsaire (cf. It. corsare, corsale, Pr. corsari), LL. corsarius, fr. L. cursus a running, course, whence Sp. corso cruise, corsa cruise, coasting voyage, corsear to cruise against the enemy, to pirate, corsario cruising, a privateer authorized to cruise against the enemy. See Course.]

1. A pirate; one who cruises about without authorization from any government, to seize booty on sea or land.

2. A piratical vessel. Barbary corsairs . . . infested the coast of the Mediterranean. Prescott.

CORSAK
Cor"sak (kr"sk), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small foxlike mammal (Cynalopex corsac), found in Central
Asia. [Written also corsac.]

CORSE
Corse (krs or krs; 277), n. Etym: [OF. cors, F. corps. See Corpse.]

1. A living body or its bulk. [Obs.] For he was strong, and of so mighty corse As ever wielded spear in warlike hand. Spenser.

2. A corpse; the dead body of a human being. [Archaic or Poetic] Set down the corse; or, by Saint Paul, I'll make a corse of him that disobeys. Shak.

CORSELET
Corse"let (krs"lt), n. Etym: [F., dim. of OF. cors. F. corps, body.
See Corse.]

1. Armor for the body, as, the body breastplate and backpiece taken together; — also, used for the entire suit of the day, including breastplate and backpiece, tasset and headpiece.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The thorax of an insect.

CORSEPRESENT
Corse"pres`ent (krs"prz`ent or krs"-), n. (Engl.Law)

Defn: An offering made to the church at the interment of a dead body.
Blackstone.

CORSET
Cor"set (kr"st), n. Etym: [F., dim. of OF. cors, F. corps, body. See
Corse.]

1. In the Middle Ages, a gown or basque of which the body was close fitting, worn by both men and women.

2. An article of dress inclosing the chest and waist worn (chiefly by women) to support the body or to modify its shape; stays.

CORSET
Cor"set (kr"st), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Corseted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Corseting.]

Defn: To inclose in corsets.

CORSLET
Cors"let (krs"lt), n.

Defn: A corselet. [Obs.] Hakluyt.

CORSNED
Cors"ned (krs"nd), n. Etym: [AS. corsn.] (AS. Laws)

Defn: The morsel of execration; a species of ordeal consisting in the eating of a piece of bread consecrated by imprecation. If the suspected person ate it freely, he was pronounced innocent; but if it stuck in his throat, it was considered as a proof of his guilt. Burril.

CORTEGE Cor`tége" (kr`tzh"), n. Etym: [F., fr. It. corteggio train, fr. corte court. See Court.]

Defn: A train of attendants; a procession.

CORTES
Cor"tes (kr"ts), n. pl. Etym: [Sp. & Pg., fr. corte court.]

Defn: The legislative assembly, composed of nobility, clergy, and representatives of cities, which in Spain and in Portugal answers, in some measure, to the Parliament of Great Britain.

CORTES GERAES
Cor"tes Ge*ra"es. [Pg.]

Defn: See Legislature, Portugal.

CORTEX
Cor"tex (kr"tks), n.; pl. Cortices (-t. Etym: [L., bark. Cf. Cork.]

1. Bark, as of a tree; hence, an outer covering.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Bark; rind; specifically, cinchona bark.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: The outer or superficial part of an organ; as, the cortex or gray exterior substance of the brain.

CORTICAL
Cor"ti*cal (kr"t-kal), a. Etym: [L. cortex bark: cf. F. cortical.]

Defn: Belonging to, or consisting of, bark or rind; resembling bark or rind; external; outer; superficial; as, the cortical substance of the kidney.

CORTICATE; CORTICATED Cor"ti*cate (kr"t-kt), Cor"ti*ca`ted (-k`td), a. Etym: [L. corticatus.]

Defn: Having a special outer covering of a nature unlike the interior part.

CORTICIFER
Cor*tic"i*fer (kr-ts"-fr), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Gorgoniacea; — so called because the fleshy part surrounds a solid axis, like a bark.

CORTICIFEROUS Cor`ti*cif"er*ous (kr`t-sf"r-s), a. Etym: [L. cortex, corticis, bark — -ferous: cf. F. corticif.]

1. Producing bark or something that resembling that resembles bark.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a barklike c

CORTICIFORM Cor*tic"i*form (kr-ts"-frm), a. Etym: [L. cortex, corticis, bark + - form: cf. F. corticiforme.]

Defn: Resembling, or having the form of, bark or rind.

CORTICINE
Cor"ti*cine (kr"t-sn), n. Etym: [F., fr. L. cortex, corticis, bark.]

Defn: A material for carpeting or floor covering, made of ground cork and caoutchouc or India rubber.

CORTICOSE
Cor"ti*cose` (-ks`), a. Etym: [L. corticosus.]

Defn: Abounding in bark; resembling bark; barky.

CORTICOUS
Cor"ti*cous (-ks), a.

Defn: Relating to, or resembling, bark; corticose.

CORTILE
Cor"tile (kr"tl; It. kr-t"l), n. Etym: [It., fr. corte court.]

Defn: An open internal courtyard inclosed by the walls of a large dwelling house or other large and stately building.

CORUNDUM
Co*run"dum (k-rn"dm), n.; pl. Corundums (-d. [Also corindon.] Etym:
[From Hind. kurand corundum stone.] (Min.)

Defn: The earth alumina, as found native in a crystalline state, including sapphire, which is the fine blue variety; the oriental ruby, or red sapphire; the oriental amethyst, or purple sapphire; and adamantine spar, the hair-brown variety. It is the hardest substance found native, next to the diamond.

Note: The name corundum is sometimes restricted to the non- transparent or coarser kinds. Emery is a dark-colored granular variety, usually admixed with magnetic iron ore.

CORUSCANT
Co*rus"cant (k-rs"kant), a. Etym: [L. coruscans, p. pr. See
Coruscate.]

Defn: Glittering in flashes; flashing. Howell.

CORUSCATE Cor"us*cate (kr"s-kt or k-rs"kr), v. i. Etym: [L. coruscare to flash, vibrate.]

Defn: To glitter in flashes; to flash.

Syn.
— To glisten; gleam; sparkle; radiate.

CORUSCATION Cor`us*ca"tion (kr`s-k"shn), n. Etym: [L. coruscatio: cf. F. coruscattion.]

1. A sudden flash or play of light. A very vivid but exceeding short-lived splender, not to call coruscation. Boyle.

2. A flash of intellectual brilliancy. He might have illuminated his times with the incessant cor of his genius. I. Taylor.

Syn.
— Flash; glitter; blaze; gleam; sparkle.

CORVE
Corve (krv), n.

Defn: See Corf.

CORVEE Cor`vee" (kr`v" or -v"), n. Etym: [F. corvée, fr. LL. corvada, corrogata, fr. L. corrogare to entreat togetther; cor- + rogare to ask.] (Feudal Law)

Defn: An obligation to perform certain services, as the repair of roads, for the lord or sovereign.

CORVEN
Cor"ven (kr"ven), obs.

Defn: p. p. of Carve. Chaucer.

CORVET; CORVETTE Cor"vet (kr"vt), Cor*vette" (kr-vr"), n. Etym: [F. corvette, fr. Pg. corveta or Sp. corbeta, fr. L. corbita a slow-sailing ship of burden, fr, corbis basket. Cf. Corbeil.] (Naut.)

Defn: A war vessel, ranking next below a frigate, and having usually only one tier of guns; — called in the United States navy a sloop of war.

CORVETTO
Cor*vet"to (-vt"t), n. (Min.)

Defn: A curvet. Peacham.

CORVINE
Cor"vine (kr"vn), a. Etym: [L. corvinus, fr. corvus crow.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the crow; crowlike.

CORVORANT
Cor"vo*rant (kr"v-rant), n.

Defn: See Cormorant.

CORYBANT
Cor"y*bant (kr"-bnt), n.; pl. E. Corybants (-bCorybantes (-b. Etym:
[L. Corybas, Gr.

Defn: One of the priests of Cybele in Phrygia. The rites of the
Corybants were accompanied by wild music, dancing, etc.

CORYBANTIASM
Cor`y*ban"ti*asm (-bn"t-z'm), n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A kind of frenzy in which the patient is tormented by fantastic visions and want of sleep. Dunglison.

CORYBANTIC
Cor`y*ban"tic (kr`-bn"tk), a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the Corybantes or their rites; frantic; frenzied; as, a corybantic dance.

CORYMB Cor"ymb (kr"mb or -m; 220), n. Etym: [L. corymbus cluster of flowers, Gr. (Bot.) (a) A flat-topped or convex cluster of flowers, each on its own footstalk, and arising from different points of a common axis, the outermost blossoms expanding first, as in the hawthorn. (b) Any flattish flower cluster, whatever be the order of blooming, or a similar shaped cluster of fruit.

CORYMBED
Cor"ymbed (kr"mbd), a. (Bot.)

Defn: Corymbose.

CORYMBIFEROUS Cor`ym*bif"er*ous (kr`m-bf"r-s), a. Etym: [L. corymbifer; corymbus a cluster of flowers + ferre to bearcorimbif.] (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing corymbs of flowers or fruit.

CORYMBOSE
Co*rym"bose (k-rm"bs or kr"m-bs`), a. (Bot.)

Defn: Consisting of corymbs, or resembling them in form. [Written also corymbous.]

CORYMBOSELY
Co*rym"bose*ly, adv.

Defn: In corymbs.

CORYPHAENOID
Cor`y*phæ"noid (kr`-f"noid), a. Etym: [NL. coruphaena + -oid.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to, or like, the genus Coryphæna. See Dolphin.

CORYPHEE
Co`ry`phee (k`r`f"), n. Etym: [F.] (Drama)

Defn: A ballet dancer.

CORYPHENE
Cor"y*phene` (kr"-fn`), n. Etym: [NL. coryphena, fr. Gr. coryph.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish of the genus Coryphæna. See Dolphin. (2)

CORYPHEUS
Cor`y*phe"us (kr`-f"s), n.; pl. E. Corypheuses (-Coryphei (-f. Etym:
[L. coryphaeus, fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: The conductor, chief, or leader of the dramatic chorus; hence,
the chief or leader of a party or interest.
That noted corypheus [Dr. John Owen] of the Independent faction.
South.

CORYPHODON
Co*ryph"o*don (k-rf"-dn), n. Etym: [Gr. (Palen.)

Defn: A genus of extinct mammals from the eocene tertiary of Europe and America. Its species varied in size between the tapir and rhinoceros, and were allied to those animals, but had short, plantigrade, five-toed feet, like the elephant.

CORYPHODONT
Co*ryph"o*dont (-dnt), a. (Paleon.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the genus Coryphodon.

CORYZA
Co*ry"za (k-r"z), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Nasal catarrh.

COSCINOMANCY
Cos*cin"o*man`cy (ks-sn"-mn`s or ks"s-n-), n. Etym: [Gr. -mancy.]

Defn: Divination by means of a suspended sieve.

COSCOROBA
Cos`co*ro"ba (ks`k-r"b), n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, white, South American duck, of the genus Cascoroba, resembling a swan.

COSECANT Co*se"cant (k-s"knt), n. Etym: [For co. secans, an abbrev. of L. complementi secans.] (Trig.)

Defn: The secant of the complement of an arc or angle. See Illust. of
Functions.

COSEN
Cos"en (kz"'n), v. t.

Defn: See Cozen.

COSENAGE
Cos"en*age (kz"'n-j), n.

Defn: See Cozenage.

COSENING
Cos"en*ing, n. (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: Anything done deceitfully, and which could not be properly designated by any special name, whether belonging to contracts or not. Burrill.

COSENTIENT
Co*sen"tient (k-sn"shent), a.

Defn: Perceiving together.

COSEY
Co"sey (k"z), a.

Defn: See Cozy. Dickens.

COSHER Cosh"er (ksh"r), v. t. Etym: [Ir. cosair a feast, a banquet or cf. F. coucher to lie. Cf. Couch, Coshering.]

1. (Old Law)

Defn: To levy certain exactions or tribute upon; to lodge and eat at the expense of. See Coshering.

2. To treat with hospitality; to pet. [Ireland]

COSHERER
Cosh"er*er (ksh"r-r), n.

Defn: One who coshers.

COSHERING
Cosh"er*ing, n. (Old Law)

Defn: A feudal prerogative of the lord of the soil entitling him to lodging and food at his tenant's house. Burrill. Sometimes he contrived, in deflance of the law, to live by coshering, that is to say, by quartering himself on the old tentants of his family, who, wretched as was their own condition, could not refuse a portion of their pittance to one whom they still regarded as their rightful lord. Macaulay.

COSIER Co"sier (k"zhr), n. Etym: [Cf. OF. coussier maker of mattresses; or couseor tailor, fr. OF. & F. coudre, p. p. cousu to sew, fr. L. consuere to sew together; con- + seure to sew. See Sew to stitch.]

Defn: A tailor who botches his work. [Obs.] Shak.

COSIGNIFICATIVE
Co`sig*nif"i*ca*tive (k`s"), a.

Defn: Having the same signification. Cockerham.

COSIGNITARY
Co*sig"ni*ta*ry (k-sg"n-t-r), a. Etym: [Pref. co- + sign. Cf.
Signatory.]

Defn: Signing some important public document with another or with others; as, a treaty violated by one of the cosignitary powers.

COSIGNITARY
Co*sig"ni*ta*ry, n.; pl. Cosignitaries (-r.

Defn: One who signs a treaty or public document along with others or another; as, the cosignitaries of the treaty of Berlin.

COSILY
Co"si*ly (k"z-l), adv.

Defn: See Cozily.

COSINAGE Cos"in*age (ks"'n-j), n. Etym: [See Cousinage.] (Law) (a) Collateral relationship or kindred by blood; consanguinity. Burrill. (b) A writ to recover possession of an estate in lands, when a stranger has entered, after the death of the grandfather's grandfather, or other distant collateral relation. Blackstone.

COSINE Co"sine (k"sn), n. Etym: [For co. sinus, an abbrev. of L. complementi sinus.] (Trig.)

Defn: The sine of the complement of an arc or angle. See Illust. of
Functions.

COSMETIC; COSMETICAL
Cos*met"ic (kz-mt"k), Cos*met"ic*al (—kal), a. Etym: [Gr.
kosmitiko`s skilled in decorating, fr. ko`smos order, ornament: cf.
F. cosmétique. See Cosmos.]

Defn: Imparting or improving beauty, particularly the beauty of the complexion; as, a cosmetical preparation. First, robed in white, the nymph intent adores, With head uncovered, the cosmetic powers. Pope.

COSMETIC
Cos*met"ic, n.

Defn: Any external application intended to beautify and improve the complexion.

COSMIC; COSMICAL Cos"mic (kz"mk), Cos"mic*al (-m-kal), a. Etym: [Gr. kosmiko`s of the world, fr. ko`smos: cf. F. cosmique. See Cosmos.]

1. Pertaining to the universe, and having special reference to universal law or order, or to the one grand harmonious system of things; hence; harmonious; orderly.

2. Pertaining to the solar system as a whole, and not to the earth alone.

3. Characteristic of the cosmos or universe; inconceivably great; vast; as, cosmic speed. "Cosmic ranges of time." Tyndall.

4. (Astron.)

Defn: Rising or setting with the sun; — the opposite of acronycal.

COSMICALLY
Cos"mic*al*ly, adv.

1. With the sun at rising or setting; as, a star is said to rise or set cosmically when it rises or sets with the sun.

2. Universally. [R.] Emerson.

COSMOGONAL; COSMOGONIC; COSMOGONICAL
Cos*mog"o*nal (kz-mg"-nal), Cos`mo*gon"ic (kz`m-gn"k),
Cos`mo*gon"ic*al (-gn"-kal), a.

Defn: Belonging to cosmogony. B. Powell. Gladstone.

COSMOGONIST
Cos*mog"o*nist (kz-mg"-nst), n.

Defn: One who treats of the origin of the universe; one versed in cosmogony.

COSMOGONY Cos*mog"o*ny (-n), n.; pl. Cosmogonies (-n. Etym: [Gr. kosmogoni`a; ko`smos the world + root of gi`gnesthai to be born: cf. F. cosmogonie.]

Defn: The creation of the world or universe; a theory or account of such creation; as, the poetical cosmogony of Hesoid; the cosmogonies of Thales, Anaxagoras, and Plato. The cosmogony or creation of the world has puzzled philosophers of all ages. Goldsmith.

COSMOGRAPHER
Cos*mog"ra*pher (-r-fr), n.

Defn: One who describes the world or universe, including the heavens
and the earth.
The name of this island is nowhere found among the old and ancient
cosmographers. Robynson (More's Utopia).

COSMOGRAPHIC; COSMOGRAPHICAL
Cos`mo*graph"ic (kz`m-grf"k), Cos`mo*graph"ic*al (—kal), a. Etym:
[Cf. F. cosmographique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to cosmography.

COSMOGRAPHICALLY
Cos`mo*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a cosmographic manner; in accordance with cosmography.

COSMOGRAPHY Cos*mog"ra*phy (kz-mg"r-f), n.; pl. Cosmographies (-f. Etym: [Gr. cosmographie.]

Defn: A description of the world or of the universe; or the science which teaches the constitution of the whole system of worlds, or the figure, disposition, and relation of all its parts.

COSMOLABE
Cos"mo*labe (kz"m-lb), n. Etym: [Gr. cosmolade.]

Defn: An instrument resembling the astrolabe, formerly used for measuring the angles between heavenly bodies; — called also pantacosm.

COSMOLATRY
Cos*mol"a*try (kz-ml"-tr), n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Worship paid to the world. Cudworth.

COSMOLINE
Cos"mo*line (kz"m-ln), n. Etym: [Prob. fr. cosmetic + L. oleum oil.]
(Chem.)

Defn: A substance obtained from the residues of the distillation of petroleum, essentially the same as vaseline, but of somewhat stiffer consistency, and consisting of a mixture of the higher paraffines; a kind of petroleum jelly.

COSMOLOGICAL
Cos`mo*log"ic*al (kz`m-lj"-kal), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to cosmology.

COSMOLOGIST
Cos*mol"o*gist (kz-ml"-jst), n.

Defn: One who describes the universe; one skilled in cosmology.

COSMOLOGY
Cos*mol"o*gy (kz-ml"-j), n. Etym: [Gr. ko`smos the world + -logy: cf.
F. cosmologie.]

Defn: The science of the world or universe; or a treatise relating to the structure and parts of the system of creation, the elements of bodies, the modifications of material things, the laws of motion, and the order and course of nature.

COSMOMETRY
Cos*mom"e*try (kz-mm"-tr), n. Etym: [Gr. ko`smos the world + -metry.]

Defn: The art of measuring the world or the universe. Blount.

COSMOPLASTIC Cos`mo*plas"tic (kz`m-pls"tk), a. Etym: [Gr. ko`smos the world + pla`ssein to form.]

Defn: Pertaining to a plastic force as operative in the formation of the world independently of God; world-forming. "Cosmoplastic and hylozoic atheisms." Gudworth.

COSMOPOLITAN; COSMOPOLITE
Cos`mo*pol"i*tan (-pl"-tan), Cos*mop"o*lite (kz-mp"-lt), n. Etym:
[Gr. cosmopolitain, cosmopolite.]

Defn: One who has no fixed residence, or who is at home in every place; a citizen of the world.

COSMOPOLITAN; COSMOPOLITE
Cos`mo*pol"i*tan, Cos*mop"o*lite, a.

1. Having no fixed residence; at home in any place; free from local attachments or prejudices; not provincial; liberal. In other countries taste is perphaps too exclusively national, in Germany it is certainly too cosmopolite. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. Common everywhere; widely spread; found in all parts of the world. The Cheiroptera are cosmopolitan. R. Owen.

COSMOPOLITANISM
Cos`mo*pol"i*tan*ism (kz`m-pl"-tan-z'm), n.

Defn: The quality of being cosmopolitan; cosmopolitism.

COSMOPOLITE
Cos*mop"o*lite (-mp"-lt), a. & n.

Defn: See Cosmopolitan.

COSMOPOLITICAL
Cos`mo*po*lit"ic*al (kz`m-p-lt"-kal), a.

Defn: Having the character of a cosmopolite. [R.] Hackluyt.

COSMOPOLITISM
Cos*mop"o*li*tism (kz-mp"-l-tz'm), n.

Defn: The condition or character of a cosmopolite; disregard of national or local peculiarities and prejudices.

COSMORAMA
Cos`mo*ra"ma (kz`m-r"m or -r"m), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: An exhibition in which a series of views in various parts of the world is seen reflected by mirrors through a series of lenses, with such illumination, etc., as will make the views most closely represent reality.

COSMORAMIC
Cos`mo*ram"ic (kz`m-rm"k), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a cosmorama.

COSMOS Cos"mos (kz"ms), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. ko`smos order, harmony, the world (from its perfect order and arrangement); akin to Skr. to distinguish one's self.]

1. The universe or universality of created things; — so called from the order and harmony displayed in it.

2. The theory or description of the universe, as a system displaying order and harmony. Humboldt.

COSMOSPHERE
Cos"mo*sphere (kz"m-sfr), n. Etym: [Gr. sphere.]

Defn: An apparattus for showing the position of the earth, at any given time, with respect to the fixed stars. It consist of a hollow glass globe, on which are depicted the stars and constellations, and within which is a terrestrial globe.

COSMOTHEISM
Cos"mo*the`ism (kz"m-th`z'm), n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Same as Pantheism. [R.]

COSMOTHETIC
Cos`mo*thet"ic (kz`m-tht"k), a. Etym: [Gr. (Metaph.)

Defn: Assuming or positing the actual existence or reality of the physical or external world. Cosmothetic idealists (Metaph.), those who assume, without attempting to prove, the reality of external objects as corresponding to, and being the ground of, the ideas of which only the mind has direct cognizance. The cosmothetic idealists . . . deny that mind is immediately conscious of matter. Sir W. Hamilton.

COSOVEREIGN
Co*sov"er*eign (k-sv"r-n or k-sv"-), n.

Defn: A joint sovereign.

COSS Coss (ks), n. Etym: [Cf. Pers. k a road measure of about two miles; or Skr. kr.]

Defn: A Hindoo measure of distance, varying from one and a half to two English miles. Whitworth.

COSS
Coss, n. Etym: [It. cosa.]

Defn: A thing (only in phrase below). Rule of Coss, an old name for Algebra. Etym: [It. regola di cosa rule of thing, the unknown quantity being called the cosa, or the thing.]

COSSACK
Cos"sack (ks"sk), n. Etym: [Russ. kozak', kazak': cf. Turk. kaz.]

Defn: One of a warlike, pastoral people, skillful as horsemen, inhabiting different parts of the Russian empire and furnishing valuable contingents of irregular cavalry to its armies, those of Little Russia and those of the Don forming the principal divisions.

COSSACK POST
Cos"sack post. (Mil.)

Defn: An outpost consisting of four men, forming one of a single line of posts substituted for the more formal line of sentinels and line of pickets.

COSSAS
Cos"sas (ks"ss), n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Plain India muslin, of various qualities and widths.

COSSET Cos"set (ks"st), n. Etym: [Cf. AS. cotsetla cottager, G. kossat, kothsasse, fr. kot, koth E. (cot) hut, and cf. also E. cade, a., cot a cade lamb.]

Defn: A lamb reared without the aid of the dam. Hence: A pet, in general.

COSSET
Cos"set, v. t.

Defn: To treat as a pet; to fondle.
She was cosseted and posseted and prayed over and made much of. O. W.
Holmes.

COSSETTE
Cos*sette", n. [F.]

Defn: One of the small chips or slices into which beets are cut in sugar making.

COSSIC; COSSICAL
Cos"sic (ks"sk), Cos"sic*al (-s-kal), a. Etym: [It. cossico. See 2d
Coss.]

Defn: Of or relating to algebra; as, cossic numbers, or the cossic art. [Obs.] "Art of numbers cossical." Digges (1579).

COST
Cost (kst; 115), n. Etym: [L. costa rib. See Coast.]

1. A rib; a side; a region or coast. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Betwixt the costs of a ship. B. Jonson.

2. (Her.)

Defn: See Cottise.

COST
Cost (kst; 115), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cost; p. pr. & vb. n. Costing.]
Etym: [OF. coster, couster, F. co, fr. L. constare to stand at, to
cost; con- + stare to stand. See Stand, and cf. Constant.]

1. To require to be given, expended, or laid out therefor, as in barter, purchase, acquisition, etc.; to cause the cost, expenditure, relinquishment, or loss of; as, the ticket cost a dollar; the effort cost his life. A d'amond gone, cost me two thousand ducats. Shak. Though it cost me ten nights' watchings. Shak.

2. To require to be borne or suffered; to cause. To do him wanton rites, whichcost them woe. Milton. To cost dear, to require or occasion a large outlay of money, or much labor, self-denial, suffering, etc.

COST
Cost, n. Etym: [OF. cost, F. co. See Cost, v. t. ]

1. The amount paid, charged, or engaged to be paid, for anything bought or taken in barter; charge; expense; hence, whatever, as labor, self-denial, suffering, etc., is requisite to secure benefitt. One day shall crown the alliance on 't so please you, Here at my house, and at my proper cost. Shak. At less cost of life than is often expended in a skirmish, [Charles V.] saved Europe from invasion. Prescott.

2. Loss of any kind; detriment; pain; suffering. I know thy trains, Though dearly to my cost, thy gins and toils. Milton.

3. pl. (Law)

Defn: Expenses incurred in litigation.

Note: Costs in actions or suits are either between attorney and client, being what are payable in every case to the attorney or counsel by his client whether he ultimately succeed or not, or between party and party, being those which the law gives, or the court in its discretion decrees, to the prevailing, against the losing, party. Bill of costs. See under Bill. — Cost free, without outlay or expense. "Her duties being to talk French, and her privileges to live cost free and to gather scraps of knowledge." Thackeray.

COSTA
Cos"ta (ks"t), n. Etym: [L., rib. See Coast.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A rib of an animal or a human being.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A rib or vein of a leaf, especially the midrib.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) The anterior rib in the wing of an insect. (b) One of the riblike longitudinal ridges on the exterior of many corals.

COSTAGE
Cost"age (kst"j; 115), n. Etym: [OF. coustage.]

Defn: Expense; cost. [Obs.] Chaucer.

COSTAL
Cos"tal (ks"tal), a. Etym: [Cf. F. costal. See Costa.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the ribs or the sides of the body; as, costal nerves.

2. (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Relating to a costa, or rib. Costal cartilage. See Cartilage, and Illust. of Thorax.

COSTAL-NERVED
Cos"tal-nerved` (ks"tal-nrvd`), a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the nerves spring from the midrib.

COSTARD Cos"tard (ks"trd), n. Etym: [Prob. fr. OF. coste rib, side, F. côte, and meaning orig., a ribbed apple, from the ribs or angles on its sides. See Coast.]

1. An apple, large and round like the head. Some [apples] consist more of air than water . . . ; others more of water than wind, as your costards and pomewaters. Muffett.

2. The head; — used contemptuously. Try whether your costard or my bat be the harder. Shak.

COSTARDMONGER
Cos"tard*mon`ger (-mn`gr), n.

Defn: A costermonger.

COSTATE; COSTATED Cos"tate (ks"tt), Cos"ta*ted (-t-td), a. Etym: [L. costatus, fr. costa rib.]

Defn: Having ribs, or the appearance of ribs; (Bot.) having one or more longitudinal ribs.

COSTEAN
Cos"tean` (ks"tn`), v. i. Etym: [Cornish cothas dropped + stean tin.]

Defn: To search after lodes. See Costeaning.

COSTEANING
Cos"tean`ing, n.

Defn: The process by which miners seek to discover metallic lodes. It consist in sinking small pits through the superficial deposits to the solid rock, and then driving from one pit to another across the direction of the vein, in such manner as to cross all the veins between the two pits.

COSTELLATE
Cos*tel"late (ks-tl"lt), a. Etym: [L. costa rib.]

Defn: Finely ribbed or costated.

COSTER
Cos"ter (ks"tr), n.Etym: [Abbrev. of costermonger.]

Defn: One who hawks about fruit, green vegetables, fish, etc.

COSTERMONGER
Cos"ter*mon`ger (ks"tr-mn`gr), n. Etym: [See Costard.]

Defn: An apple seller; a hawker of, or dealer in, any kind of fruit or vegetables; a fruiterer. [Written also costardmonger.]

COSTIFEROUS
Cos*tif"er*ous (ks-tf"r-s), a. Etym: [Costa + -ferous.] (Anat.)

Defn: Rib-bearing, as the dorsal vertebræ.

COSTIVE Cos"tive (ks"tv), a. Etym: [OF. costev, p. p. of costever, F. constiper, L. constipare to press closely together, to cram; con- + stipare to press together, cram. See Stipulate, Stiff, and cf. Constipate.]

1. Retaining fecal matter in the bowels; having too slow a motion of the bowels; constipated.

2. Reserved; formal; close; cold. [Obs.] "A costive brain." Prior. "Costive of laughter." B. Jonson. You must be frank, but without indiscretion; and close, but without being costive. Lord Chesterfield.

3. Dry and hard; impermeable; unyielding. [Obs.] Clay in dry seasons is costive, hardening with the sun and wind. Mortimer.

COSTIVELY
Cos"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a costive manner.

COSTIVENESS
Cos"tive*ness, n.

1. An unnatural retention of the fecal matter of the bowels; constipation.

2. Inability to express one's self; stiffness. [Obs.] A reverend disputant of the same costiveness in public elocution with myself. Wakefield.

COSTLESS
Cost"less (kst"ls; 115), a.

Defn: Costing nothing.

COSTLEWE
Cost"lewe (-l), a.

Defn: Costly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

COSTLINESS
Cost"li*ness (-l-ns), n.

Defn: The quality of being costy; expensiveness; sumptuousness.

COSTLY
Cost"ly (kst"l; 115), a. Etym: [From Cost expense.]

1. Of great cost; expensive; dear. He had fitted up his palace in the most costly and sumptuous style, for the accomodation of the princess. Prescott.

2. Gorgeous; sumptuous. [Poetic.] To show how costly summer was at hand. Shak.

COSTMARY
Cost"ma*ry (kst"m-r), n. Etym: [L. costum an Oriental aromatic plant
(Gr. kost, kust) + Maria Mary. Cf.Alecost.] (Bot.)

Defn: A garden plant (Chrysanthemum Balsamita) having a strong balsamic smell, and nearly allied to tansy. It is used as a pot herb and salad plant and in flavoring ale and beer. Called also alecost.

COSTON LIGHTS
Cos"ton lights.

Defn: Signals made by burning lights of different colors and used by vessels at sea, and in the life-saving service; — named after their inventor.

COSTOTOME
Cos"to*tome (ks"t-tm), n. Etym: [Costa + Gr.

Defn: An instrument (chisel or shears) to cut the ribs and open the thoracic cavity, in post-mortem examinations and dissections. Knight.

COSTREL Cos"trel (ks"trl), n. Etym: [CF.W. costrel, OF. costrel, LL. costrellum, a liquid measure, costrellus a wine cup.]

Defn: A bottle of leather, earthenware, or wood, having ears by which it was suspended at the side. [Archaic] A youth, that, following with a costrel, bore The means of goodly welcome, flesh and wine. Tennyson.

COSTUME
Cos"tume` (ks"tm` or ks-tm"), n. Etym: [F. costume, It. costume
custom, dress, fr. L. consuetumen (not found), for consuetudo custom.
See Custom, and cf. Consuetude.]

1. Dress in general; esp., the distinctive style of dress of a people, class, or period.

2. Such an arrangement of accessories, as in a picture, statue, poem, or play, as is appropriate to the time, place, or other circumstances represented or described. I began last night to read Walter Scott's Lay of the Last Minstrel . . . .I was extremely delighted with the poetical beauty of some parts . . . .The costume, too, is admirable. Sir J. Mackintosh.

3. A character dress, used at fancy balls or for dramatic purposes.

COSTUMER
Cos"tum`er (-tm`r), n.

Defn: One who makes or deals in costumes, as for theaters, fancy balls, etc.

CO-SUFFERER
Co-suf"fer*er (k-sf"fr-r), n.

Defn: One who suffers with another. Wycherley.

COSUPREME
Co`su*preme" (k`s-prm"), n.

Defn: A partaker of supremacy; one jointly supreme. Shak.

COSURETY
Co*sure"ty (k-shr"t; 136), n.; pl. Cosureties (-t.

Defn: One who is surety with another.

COSY
Co"sy (k"z), a.

Defn: See Cozy.

COT Cot (kt), n. Etym: [OE. cot, cote, AS. cot, cote, cottage; akin to D. & Icel. kot, G. koth, kot, kothe. Cf. Coat.]

1. A small house; a cottage or hut. The sheltered cot, the cultivated farm. Goldsmith.

2. A pen, coop, or like shelter for small domestic animals, as for sheep or pigeons; a cote.

3. A cover or sheath; as, a roller cot (the clothing of a drawing roller in a spinning frame); a cot for a sore finger.

4. Etym: [Cf. Ir. cot.]

Defn: A small, rudely-formed boat. Bell cot. (Arch.) See under Bell.

COT Cot (kt), n. Etym: [AS. cot cottage, bedchamber; or cf. OF. coite, F. couette (E. quilt), LL. cottum, cottus, mattress. See Cot a cottage.]

Defn: A sleeping place of limited size; a little bed; a cradle; a piece of canvas extended by a frame, used as a bed. [Written also cott.]

COTANGENT Co*tan"gent (k-tn"jent), n. Etym: [For co. tangens, an abbrev. of L. complementi tangens. See Tangent.] (Trig.)

Defn: The tangent of the complement of an arc or angle. See Illust. of Functions.

COTARNINE Co*tar"nine (k-tr"nn or -nn), n. Etym: [F., fr. narcotine, by transposition of letters.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white, crystalline substance, C12H13NO3, obtained as a product of the decomposition of narcotine. It has weak basic properties, and is usually regarded as an alkaloid.

COTE
Cote (kt), n. Etym: [See 1st Cot.]

1. A cottage or hut. [Obs.]

2. A shed, shelter, or inclosure for small domestic animals, as for
sheep or doves.
Watching where shepherds pen their flocks, at eve, In hurdled cotes.
Milton.

COTE Cote, v. t. Etym: [Prob. from F. c sode, OF. costet, LL. costatus, costatum, fr. L. costu rib, side: cf. F. c to go or keep at the side of. See Coast.]

Defn: To go side by side with; hence, to pass by; to outrun and get before; as, a dog cotes a hare. [Obs.] Drayton. We coted them on the way, and hither are they coming. Shak.

COTE
Cote, v. t. Etym: [See Quote.]

Defn: To quote. [Obs.] Udall.

COTEAU
Co`teau", n.; pl. Coteaux (#). [F., a hill.] [Canada & U. S.]

1. A hilly upland including the divide between two valleys; a divide.

2. The side of a valley.

COTEMPORANEOUS
Co*tem`po*ra"ne*ous (k-tm`p-r"n-s), a. Etym: [See Contemporaneous.]

Defn: Living or being at the same time; contemporaneous.
— Co*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ly, adv.
— Co*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ness, n.

COTEMPORARY
Co*tem"po*ra*ry (k-tm"p-r-r), a.

Defn: Living or being at the same time; contemporary.

COTEMPORARY
Co*tem"po*ra*ry, n.; pl. Cotemporaries (-r.

Defn: One who lives at the same time with another; a contemporary.

COTENANT
Co*ten"ant (k-tn"ant), n.

Defn: A tenant in common, or a joint tenant.

COTERIE Co`te*rie" (k`Te-r"; 277), n. Etym: [F., prob. from OF. coterie servile tenure, fr. colier cotter; of German origin. See 1st Cot.]

Defn: A set or circle of persons who meet familiarly, as for social, literary, or other purposes; a clique. "The queen of your coterie." Thackeray.

COTERMINOUS
Co*ter"mi*nous (k-tr"m-ns), a. Etym: [Cf. Conterminous.]

Defn: Bordering; conterminous; — followed by with.

COTGARE
Cot"gare` (kt"gr`), n.

Defn: Refuse wool. [Obs. or Prov.]

COTHURN
Co"thurn (k"thrn), n. Etym: [L. cothurnus, Gr. Cothurnus.]

Defn: A buskin anciently used by tragic actors on the stage; hence,
tragedy in general.
The moment had arrived when it was thought that the mask and the
cothurn might be assumed with effect. Motley.

COTHURNATE; COTHURNATED
Co*thur"nate (k-thr"nt), Co*thur"na*ted (-n-td), a.

1. Wearing a cothurn.

2. Relating to tragedy; solemn; grave.

COTHURNUS
Co*thur"nus (-ns), n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Same as Cothurn.

COTICULAR Co*tic"u*lar (k-tk"-lr), a. Etym: [L. coticula a small touchstone, dim. cos, cotis, whetstone.]

Defn: Pertaining to whetstones; like or suitable for whetstones.

COTIDAL
Co*tid"al (k-td"al), a.

Defn: Marking an equality in the tides; having high tide at the same time. Cotidal lines (Phys. Geog.), lines on a map passing through places that have high tide at the same time.

COTILLON; COTILLION
Co`til`lon" (k`t`yn" or k`tl`-;277), Co*til"lion (k-tl"yn), n. Etym:
[F. cotillon, fr. OF. cote coat, LL. cotta tunic. See Coat.]

1. A brisk dance, performed by eight persons; a quadrille.

2. A tune which regulates the dance.

3. A kind of woolen material for women's skrits.

COTINGA
Co*tin"ga (k-tn"g), n. Etym: [Native South American name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bird of the family Cotingidæ, including numerous bright- colored South American species; — called also chatterers.

COTISE
Cot"ise (kt"s), n. (Her.)

Defn: See Cottise.

COTISED
Cot"ised (-st), a. (Her.)

Defn: See Cottised.

COTLAND
Cot"land (kt"lnd), n.

Defn: Land appendant to a cot or cottage, or held by a cottager or cotter.

COTQUEAN
Cot"quean` (kt"kwn`), n. Etym: [Cot a cottage + quean.]

1. A man who busies himself with affairs which properly belong to women. Addison.

2. A she-cuckold; a cucquean; a henhussy. [Obs.] What, shall a husband be afraid of his wife's face We are a king, cotquean, and we will reign in our pleasures. B. Jonson.

COTQUEANITY
Cot*quean"i*ty (kt-kwn"-t), n.

Defn: The condition, character, or conduct of a cotquean. [Obs.] B.
Jonson.

COTRUSTEE
Co`trus*tee" (k`trs-t"), n.

Defn: A joint trustee.

COTSWOLD Cots"wold` (kts"wld`), n. Etym: [Cot a cottage or hut + wold an open country.]

Defn: An open country abounding in sheepcotes, as in the Cotswold hills, in Gloucestershire, England. Cotswold sheep, a long-wooled breed of sheep, formerly common in the counties of Gloucester, Hereford, and Worcester, Eng.; — so called from the Cotswold Hills. The breed is now chiefly amalgamated with others.

COTTA
Cot"ta, n. [LL. See Coat.]

1. (Eccl.)

Defn: A surplice, in England and America usually one shorter and less full than the ordinary surplice and with short sleeves, or sometimes none.

2. A kind of very coarse woolen blanket.

COTTAGE
Cot"tage (kt"tj; 48), n. Etym: [From Cot a cotttage.]

Defn: A small house; a cot; a hut.

Note: The term was formerly limited to a habitation for the poor, but is now applied to any small tasteful dwelling; and at places of summer resort, to any residence or lodging house of rustic architecture, irrespective of size. Cottage allotment. See under Alloment. [Eng.] — Cottage cheese, the thick part of clabbered milk strained, salted, and pressed into a ball.

COTTAGED
Cot"taged (-tjd), a.

Defn: Set or covered with cottages.
Even humble Harting's cottaged vale. Collins.

COTTAGELY
Cot"tage*ly (-tj-l), a.

Defn: Cottagelike; suitable for a cottage; rustic. [Obs.] Jer.
Taylor.

COTTAGER
Cot"ta*ger (kt"t-jr), n.

1. One who lives in a cottage.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who lives on the common, without paying any rent, or having land of his own.

COTTER; COTTAR Cot"ter, Cot"tar (kt"tr), n. Etym: [LL. cotarius, cottarius, coterius. See Cot.]

Defn: A cottager; a cottier. Burns.
Through Sandwich Notch the West Wind sang Good morrow to the cotter.
Whittier.

COTTER
Cot"ter (kt"tr), n.

1. A piece of wood or metal, commonly wedge-shaped, used for fastening together parts of a machine or structure. It is driven into an opening through one or all of the parts.

Note: [See Illust.] In the United States a cotter is commonly called a key.

2. A toggle.

COTTER
Cot"ter, v. t.

Defn: To fasten with a cotter.

COTTIER
Cot"ti*er (-t-r), n. Etym: [OF. cotier. See Coterie, and cf. Cotter.]

Defn: In Great Britain and Ireland, a person who hires a small cottage, with or without a plot of land. Cottiers commonly aid in the work of the landlord's farm. [Written also cottar and cotter.]

COTTISE
Cot"tise (kt"ts), n. Etym: [Cf. F. c side, L. costa rib.] (Her.)

Defn: A diminutive of the bendlet, containing one half its area or one quarter the area of the bend. When a single cottise is used alone it is often called a cost. See also Couple-close.

COTTISED
Cot"tised (-tst), a. (Her.)

Defn: Set between two cottises, — said of a bend; or between two barrulets, — said of a bar or fess.

COTTOID
Cot"toid (kt"toid), a. Etym: [NL. cottus sculpin + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like a fish of the genus Cottus.
— n.

Defn: A fish belonging to, or resembling, the genus Cottus. See
Sculpin.

COTTOLENE
Cot"to*lene`, n.

Defn: A product from cottonseed, used as lard.

COTTON Cot"ton (kt"t'n), n. Etym: [F. coton, Sp. algodon the cotton plant and its wool, coton printed cotton, cloth, fr. Ar. qutun, alqutun, cotton wool. Cf. Acton, Hacqueton.]

1. A soft, downy substance, resembling fine wool, consisting of the unicellular twisted hairs which grow on the seeds of the cotton plant. Long-staple cotton has a fiber sometimes almost two inches long; short-staple, from two thirds of an inch to an inch and a half.

2. The cotton plant. See Cotten plant, below.

3. Cloth made of cotton.

Note: Cotton is used as an adjective before many nouns in a sense which commonly needs no explanation; as, cottton bagging; cotton clotch; cotton goods; cotton industry; cotton mill; cotton spinning; cotton tick. Cotton cambric. See Cambric, n., 2. — Cotton flannel, the manufactures' name for a heavy cotton fabric, twilled, and with a long plush nap. In England it is called swan's- down cotton, or Canton flannel. — Cotton gin, a machine to separate the seeds from cotton, invented by Eli Whitney. — Cotton grass (Bot.), a genus of plants (Eriphorum) of the Sedge family, having delicate capillary bristles surrounding the fruit (seedlike achenia), which elongate at maturity and resemble tufts of cotton. — Cotton mouse (Zool.), a field mouse (Hesperomys gossypinus), injurious to cotton crops. — Cotton plant (Bot.), a plant of the genus Gossypium, of several species, all growing in warm climates, and bearing the cotton of commerce. The common species, originally Asiatic, is G. herbaceum. — Cotton press, a building and machinery in which cotton bales are compressed into smaller bulk for shipment; a press for baling cotton. — Cotton rose (Bot.), a genus of composite herbs (Filago), covered with a white substance resembling cotton. — Cotton scale (Zoöl.), a species of bark louse (Pulvinaria innumerabilis), which does great damage to the cotton plant. — Cotton shrub. Same as Cotton plant. — Cotton stainer (Zoöl.), a species of hemipterous insect (Dysdercus suturellus), which seriously damages growing cotton by staining it; — called also redbug. — Cotton thistle (Bot.), the Scotch thistle. See under Thistle. — Cotton velvet, velvet in which the warp and woof are both of cotton, and the pile is of silk; also, velvet made wholly of cotton. — Cotton waste, the refuse of cotton mills. — Cotton wool, cotton in its raw or woolly state. — Cotton worm (Zool.), a lepidopterous insect (Aletia argillacea), which in the larval state does great damage to the cotton plant by eating the leaves. It also feeds on corn, etc., and hence is often called corn worm, and Southern army worm.

COTTON
Cot"ton, v. i.

1. To rise with a regular nap, as cloth does. [Obs.] It cottons well; it can not choose but bear A pretty nap. Family of Love.

2. To go on prosperously; to succeed. [Obs.] New, Hephestion, does not this matter cotton as I would Lyly.

3. To unite; to agree; to make friends; — usually followed by with. [Colloq.] A quarrel will end in one of you being turned off, in which case it will not be easy to cotton with another. Swift. Didst see, Frank, how the old goldsmith cottoned in with his beggarly companion Sir W. Scott.

4. To take a liking to; to stick to one as cotton; — used with to. [Slang]

COTTONADE
Cot"ton*ade` (kt"t'n-d`), n. Etym: [F. cottonade.]

Defn: A somewhat stoun and thick fabric of cotton.

COTTONARY
Cot"ton*a*ry (—r), a.

Defn: Relating to, or composed of, cotton; cottony. [Obs.]
Cottomary and woolly pillows. Sir T. Browne.

COTTON BATTING
Cot"ton bat"ting.

Defn: Cotton prepared in sheets or rolls for quilting, upholstering, and similar purposes.

COTTONOUS
Cot"ton*ous (-s), a.

Defn: Resembling cotton. [R.] Evelyn.

COTTON SEED; COTTONSEED
Cotton seed, or, usually collectively, Cot"ton*seed`, n.

Defn: The seed of the cotton plant.

COTTONSEED MEAL
Cottonseed meal.

Defn: A meal made from hulled cotton seeds after the oil has been expressed.

COTTONSEED OIL
Cottonseed oil.

Defn: A fixed, semidrying oil extracted from cottonseed. It is pale yellow when pure (sp. gr., .92-.93). and is extensively used in soap making, in cookery, and as an adulterant of other oils.

COTTON STATE
Cotton State.

Defn: Alabama; — a nickname.

COTTONTAIL
Cot"ton*tail` (kt"t'n-tl`), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The American wood rabbit (Lepus sylvaticus); — also called
Molly cottontail.

COTTONWEED
Cot"ton*weed` (-wd`), n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Cudweed.

COTTONWOOD
Cot"ton*wood` (-wd`), n. (Bot.)

Defn: An American tree of the genus Populus or polar, having the seeds covered with abundant cottonlike hairs; esp., the P. monilifera and P. angustifolia of the Western United States.

COTTONY
Cot"ton*y (-), a.

1. Covered with hairs or pubescence, like cotton; downy; nappy; woolly.

2. Of or pertaining to cotton; resembling cotton in appearance or character; soft, like cotton.

COTTREL
Cot"trel (kt"trl), n.

Defn: A trammel, or hook to support a pot over a fire. Knight.

COTYLA; COTYLE
Cot"y*la (kt"-l), Cot"y*le (kt"-l), n. Etym: [Gr. cotyla a measure.]
(Anat.)

Defn: A cuplike cavity or organ. Same as Acetabulum.

COTYLEDON
Cot`y*le"don (kt`-l"dn), n. Etym: [Gr.Cotyle.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: One of the patches of villi found in some forms of placenta.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A leaf borne by the caulicle or radicle of an embryo; a seed leaf.

Note: Many plants, as the bean and the maple, have two cotyledons, the grasses only one, and pines have several. In one African plant (Welwitschia) the cotyledons are permanent and grow to immense proportions.

COTYLEDONAL
Cot`y*led"on*al (kt`-ld"n-al), a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a cotyledon.

COTYLEDONARY
Cot`y*led"on*a*ry (—r), a.

Defn: Having a cotyledon; tufted; as, the cotyledonary placenta of the cow.

COTYLEDONOUS
Cot`y*led"on*ous (-s; 277), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a cotyledon or cotyledons; having a seed lobe.

COTYLIFORM
Co*tyl"i*form (k-tl"-frm), a. Etym: [Cotyle + -form.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Shaped like a cotyle or a cup.

COTYLIGEROUS
Cot`y*lig"er*ous (kt`-lj"r-s), a. Etym: [Cotyle + -gerous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having cotyles.

COTYLOID Cot"y*loid (kt"-loid), a. Etym: [Cotyle + -oid] (Anat.) (a) Shaped like a cup; as, the cotyloid cavity, which receives the head of the thigh bone. (b) Pertaining to a cotyloid cavity; as, the cotyloid ligament, or notch.

COUCAL
Cou"cal (k"kl), n. Etym: [Prob. native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, Old World, ground cuckoo of the genus Centropus, of several species.

COUCH
Couch (kouch), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Couched (koucht); p. pr. & vb. n.
Couching.] Etym: [F. coucher to lay down, lie down, OF. colchier, fr.
L. collocare to lay, put, place; col- + locare to place, fr. locus
place. See Locus.]

1. To lay upon a bed or other resting place. Where unbruised youth, with unstuffed brain, Does couch his limbs, there golden sleep doth reign. Shak.

2. To arrauge or dispose as in a bed; — sometimes followed by the reflexive pronoun. The waters couch themselves as may be to the center of this globe, in a spherical convexity. T. Burnet.

3. To lay or deposit in a bed or layer; to bed. It is at this day in use at Gaza, to couch potsherds, or vessels of earth, in their walls. Bacon.

4. (Paper Making)

Defn: To transfer (as sheets of partly dried pulp) from the wire clotch mold to a felt blanket, for further drying.

5. To conceal; to include or involve darkly. There is all this, and more, that lies naturally couched under this allegory. L'Estrange.

6. To arrange; to place; to inlay. [Obs.] Chaucer.

7. To put into some form of language; to express; to phrase; — used
with in and under.
A well-couched invective. Milton.
I had received a letter from Flora couched in rather cool terms.
Blackw. Mag.

8. (Med.)

Defn: To treat by pushing down or displacing the opaque lens with a needle; as, to couch a cataract. To couch a spear or lance, to lower to the position of attack; to place in rest. He stooped his head, and couched his spear, And spurred his steed to full career. Sir W. Scott. To couch malt, to spread malt on a floor. Mortimer.

COUCH
Couch, v. i.

1. To lie down or recline, as on a bed or other place of rest; to
repose; to lie.
Where souls do couch on flowers, we 'll hand in hand. Shak.
If I court moe women, you 'll couch with moe men. Shak.

2. To lie down for concealment; to hide; to be concealed; to be included or involved darkly. We 'll couch in the castle ditch, till we see the light of our fairies. Shak. The half-hidden, hallf-revealed wonders, that yet couch beneath the words of the Scripture. I. Taylor.

3. To bend the body, as in reverence, pain, labor, etc.; to stoop; to
crouch. [Obs.]
An aged squire That seemed to couch under his shield three-square.
Spenser.

COUCH
Couch, n. Etym: [F. couche, OF. colche, culche, fr. colchier. See
Couch, v. t. ]

1. A bed or place for repose or sleep; particularly, in the United States, a lounge. Gentle sleep . . . why liest thou with the vile In loathsome beds, and leavest the kingly couch Shak. Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. Bryant.

2. Any place for repose, as the lair of a beast, etc.

3. A mass of steeped barley spread upon a floor to germinate, in malting; or the floor occupied by the barley; as, couch of malt.

4. (Painting & Gilding)

Defn: A preliminary layer, as of color, size, etc.

COUCHANCY
Couch"an*cy (kouch"an-s), n.

Defn: State of lying down for repose. [R.]

COUCHANT Couch"ant (kouch"ant), a. Etym: [F., p. pr. of coucher. See Couch, v. t.]

1. Lying down with head erect; squatting.

2. (Her.)

Defn: Lying down with the head raised, which distinguishes the posture of couchant from that of dormant, or sleeping; — said of a lion or other beast. Couchant and levant (Law), rising up and lying down; — said of beasts, and indicating that they have been long enough on land, not belonging to their owner, to lie down and rise up to feed, — such time being held to include a day and night at the least. Blackstone.

COUCHE Cou`ché" (k`sh"), a. Etym: [F., p. p. of coucher. See Couch, v. t. ] (Her.) (a) Not erect; inclined; — said of anything that is usually erect, as an escutcheon. (b) Lying on its side; thus, a chevron couché is one which emerges from one side of the escutcheon and has its apex on the opposite side, or at the fess point.

COUCHED
Couched (koucht), a. (Her.)

Defn: Same as Couch.

COUCHEE Cou"chee (k"sh; F. k"sh"), n. Etym: [F. couch a sleeping place from coucher. See Couch, v. t. ]

Defn: A reception held at the time of going to bed, as by a sovereign or great prince. [Obs.] Dryden. The duke's levees and couchees were so crowded that the antechambers were full. Bp. Burnet.

COUCHER
Couch"er (kouch"r), n.

1. One who couches.

2. (Paper Manuf.)

Defn: One who couches paper.

3. Etym: [Cf. L. collectarius.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) A factor or agent resident in a country for traffic. Blount. (b) The book in which a corporation or other body registers its particular acts. [Obs.] Cowell.

COUCH GRASS
Couch" grass` (grs`). (Bot.)

Defn: See Quitch grass.

COUCHING
Couch"ing, n.

1. (Med.)

Defn: The operation of putting down or displacing the opaque lens in cataract.

2. Embroidering by laying the materials upon the surface of the foundation, instead of drawing them through.

COUCHLESS
Couch"less (kouch"ls), a.

Defn: Having no couch or bed.

COUDEE
Cou"dee (k"d; F. k`d"), n. Etym: [F. coud, from coude elbow.]

Defn: A measure of length; the distance from the elbow to the end of the middle finger; a cubit.

COUGAR
Cou"gar (k"gr), n. Etym: [F. couguar, from the native name in the
South American dialects, cuguacuara, cuguacuarana.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An American feline quadruped (Felis concolor), resembling the African panther in size and habits. Its color is tawny, without spots; hence writers often called it the American lion. Called also puma, panther, mountain lion, and catamount. See Puma.

COUGH Cough (kf), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Coughed (kft); p. pr. & vb. n. Coughing.] Etym: [Cf. D. kuchen, MHG. k to breathe, G. keuchen to pant, and E. chincough, the first part of which is prob. akin to cough; cf. also E. choke.]

Defn: To expel air, or obstructing or irritating matter, from the lungs or air passages, in a noisy and violent manner.

COUGH
Cough, v. t.

1. To expel from the lungs or air passages by coughing; — followed by up; as, to cough up phlegm.

2. To bring to a specified state by coughing; as, he coughed himself hoarse. To cough down, to silence or put down (an objectionable speaker) by simulated coughing.

COUGH
Cough, n. Etym: [Cg. D. kuch. See Cough, v. i. ]

1. A sudden, noisy, and violent expulsion of air from the chest, caused by irritation in the air passages, or by the reflex action of nervous or gastric disorder, etc.

2. The more or less frequent repetition of coughing, constituting a symptom of disease. Stomach cough, Ear cough, cough due to irritation in the stomach or ear.

COUGHER
Cough"er (kf"r), n.

Defn: One who coughs.

COUHAGE
Cou"hage (kou"j), n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Cowhage.

COULD Could (kd), imp. of Can. Etym: [OF. coude. The l was inserted by mistake, under the influence of should and would.]

Defn: Was, should be, or would be, able, capable, or susceptible. Used as an auxiliary, in the past tense or in the conditional present.

COULEE
Cou`lee" (k`l"), n. Etym: [F. coulée, fr. couler to run or flow.]

Defn: A stream; (Geol.)

Defn: a stream of lava. Also, in the Western United States, the bed of a stream, even if dry, when deep and having inclined sides; distinguished from a cañon, which has precipitous sides.

COULEUR
Cou`leur", n. [F.]

1. Color; — chiefly used in a few French phrases, as couler de rose, color of rose; and hence, adjectively, rose-colored; roseate.

2. A suit of cards, as hearts or clubs; —used in some French games.

COULISSE Cou*lisse" (k-ls"; F. k`ls"), n. Etym: [F., fr. couler to flow, glide.]

1. A piece of timber having a groove in which something glides.

2. One of the side scenes of the stage in a theater, or the space included between the side scenes.

COULOIR
Cou`loir" (k`lwr"), n. Etym: [F., a strainer.]

1. A deep gorge; a gully.

2. (Hydraul. Engin.)

Defn: A dredging machine for excavating canals, etc.

COULOMB Cou`lomb" (k`ln"), n. Etym: [From Coulomb, a French physicist and electrican.] (Physics)

Defn: The standard unit of quantity in electrical measurements. It is the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by the current produced by an electro-motive force of one volt acting in a circuit having a resistance of one ohm, or the quantitty transferred by one ampère in one second. Formerly called weber.

COULOMB METER
Cou`lomb" me"ter. (Elec.)

Defn: Any instrument by which electricity can be measured in coulombs.

COULOMB'S LAW
Cou`lomb's" law. (Physics)

Defn: The law that the force exerted between two electric or magnetic charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely to the square of the distance between them.

COULTER
Coul"ter (kl"tr), n.

Defn: Same as Colter.

COULTERNEB
Coul"ter*neb` (-nb`), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The puffin.

COULURE
Cou*lure", n. [F., prop., a dropping.] (Hort.)

Defn: A disease affecting grapes, esp. in California, manifested by the premature dropping of the fruit.

COUMARIC
Cou*mar"ic (k-mr"k), a.

Defn: Relating to, derived from, or like, the Dipterix odorata, a tree of Guiana. Coumaric acid (Chem.), one of a series of aromatic acids, related to cinnamic acid, the most important of which is a white crystalline substance, HO.C6H4.C2H2.CO2H, obtained from the tonka bean, sweet clover, etc., and also produced artifically.

COUMARIN
Cou"ma*rin (k"m-rn), n. Etym: [F., fr. coumarou, a tree of Guiana.]
(Chem.)

Defn: The concrete essence of the tonka bean, the fruit of Dipterix (formerly Coumarouna) odorata and consisting essentially of coumarin proper, which is a white crystalline substance, C9H6O2, of vanilla- like odor, regarded as an anhydride of coumaric acid, and used in flavoring. Coumarin in also made artificially.

COUMAROU
Cou"ma*rou, n. [See Coumarin.] (Bot.)

Defn: The tree (Dipteryx odorata) which bears the tonka bean; also, the bean itself.

COUNCIL Coun"cil (koun"sl), n. Etym: [F. concile, fr. L. concilium; con- + calare to call, akin to Gr. hale, v., haul. Cf. Conciliate. This word is often confounded with counsel, with which it has no connection.]

1. An assembly of men summoned or convened for consultation, deliberation, or advice; as, a council of physicians for consultation in a critical case.

2. A body of man elected or appointed to constitute an advisory or a legislative assembly; as, a governor's council; a city council. An old lord of the council rated me the other day. Shak.

3. Act of deliberating; deliberation; consultation. Satan . . . void of rest, His potentates to council called by night. Milton. O great in action and in council wise. Pope. Aulic council. See under Aulic. — Cabinet council. See under Cabinet. — City council, the legislative branch of a city government, usually consisting of a board of aldermen and common council, but sometimes otherwise constituted. — Common council. See under Common. — Council board, Council table, the table round which a council holds consultation; also, the council itself in deliberation. — Council chamber, the room or apartment in which a council meets. — Council fire, the ceremonial fire kept burning while the Indians hold their councils. [U.S.] Barilett. — Council of war, an assembly of officers of high rank, called to consult with the commander in chief in regard to measures or importance or nesessity. — Ecumenical council (Eccl.), an assembly of prelates or divines convened from the whole body of the church to regulate matters of doctrine or discipline. — Executive council, a body of men elected as advisers of the chief magistrate, whether of a State or the nation. [U.S.] — Legislative council, the upper house of a legislature, usually called the senate. — Privy council. See under Privy. [Eng.]

Syn. — Assembly; meeting; congress; diet; parliament; convention; convocation; synod.

COUNCILIST
Coun"cil*ist (koun"sl-st), n.

Defn: One who belong to a council; one who gives an opinion. [Obs.]
I will in three months be an expert counsilist. Milton.

COUNCILMAN
Coun"cil*man (koun`sl-man), n.; pl. Councilmen (-men).

Defn: A member of a council, especially of the common council of a city; a councilor.

COUNCILOR
Coun"cil*or (koun"sl-r), n.

Defn: A member of a council. [Written also councillor.]

Note: The distinction between councilor, a member of a council, and counselor, one who gives councel, was not formerly made, but is now very generally recognized and observed.

CO-UNE
Co`-une" (k`n"), v. t. Etym: [L. co- + unus one.]

Defn: To combine or unite. [Obs.] "Co-uned together." Feltham.

CO-UNITE
Co`-u*nite" (k`-nt"), v. t.

Defn: To unite. [Obs.]

CO-UNITE
Co`-u*nite", a.

Defn: United closely with another. [Obs.]

COUNSEL
Coun"sel (koun"sl), n. Etym: [OE. conc, F. conseil, fr. L. consilium,
fr. the root of consulere to consult, of uncertain origin. Cf.
Consult, Consul.]

1. Interchange of opinions; mutual advising; consultation. All the chief priest and elders of the people took counsel against Jesus, to put him to death. Matt. xxvii. 1.

2. Examination of consequences; exercise of deliberate judgment; prudence. They all confess, therefore, in the working of that first cause, that counsel is used. Hooker.

3. Result of consultation; advice; instruction. I like thy counsel; well hast thou advised. Shak. It was ill counsel had misled the girl. Tennyson.

4. Deliberate purpose; design; intent; scheme; plan. The counsel of the Lord standeth forever. Ps. xxxiii. 11. The counsels of the wicked are deceit. Prov. xii. 5.

5. A secret opinion or purpose; a private matter. Thilke lord . . . to whom no counsel may be hid. Gower.

6. One who gives advice, especially in legal matters; one professionally engaged in the trial or management of a cause in court; also, collectively, the legal advocates united in the management of a case; as, the defendant has able counsel. The King found his counsel as refractory as his judges. Macaulay.

Note: The some courts a distinction is observed between the attorney and the counsel in a cause, the former being employed in the management iof the more mechanical parts of the suit, the latter in attending to the pleadings, managing the cause at the trial, and in applying the law to the exigencies of the case during the whole progress of the suit. In other courts the same person can exercise the powers of each. See Attorney. Kent. In counsel, in secret. [Obs.] Chaucer. — To keep counsel, or To keep one's own counsel, to keep one's thoughts, purposes, etc., undisclosed. The players can not keep counsel: they 'll tell all. Shak.

Syn.
— Advice; consideration; consultation; purpose; scheme; opinion.

COUNSEL Coun"sel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Counseled (-sld) or Counselled; p. pr. & vb. n. Counseling or Counselling.] Etym: [OE. conseilen, counseilen, F. conseiller, fr. L. consiliari, fr. consilium counsel.]

1. To give advice to; to advice, admonish, or instruct, as a person. Good sir, I do in friendship counsel you To leave this place. Shak.

2. To advise or recommend, as an act or course. They who counsel war. Milton. Thus Belial, with words clothed in reson's garb, Counseled ignoble ease and peaceful sloth. Milton.

COUNSELABLE
Coun"sel*a*ble (—b'l), a. Etym: [Written also counsellable.]

1. Willing to receive counsel or follow advice. [R.] Few men of so great parts were upon all occasions more counselable than he. Clarendon.

2. Suitable to be advised; advisable, wise. [Obs.] He did not believe it counselable. Clarendon.

COUNSELOR Coun"sel*or (koun"sl-r), n. [Written also counsellor.] Etym: [OE. conseiler, F. conseiller, fr. L. consiliarius, fr. consilium counsel.]

1. One who counsels; an adviser. Can he that speaks with the tongue of an enemy be a good counselor, or no Shak.

2. A member of council; one appointed to advise a sovereign or chief magistrate.

Note: [See under Consilor.]

3. One whose profession is to give advice in law, and manage causes for clients in court; a barrister. Good counselors lack no clients. Shak.

COUNSELORSHIP
Coun"sel*or*ship (koun"sl-r-shp), n.

Defn: The function and rank or office of a counselor. Bacon.

COUNT Count (kount), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Counted; p. pr. & vb. n. Counting.] Etym: [OF. conter, and later (etymological spelling) compter, in modern French thus distinguished; conter to relate (cf. Recount, Account), compter to count; fr. L. computuare to reckon, compute; com- + putare to reckon, settle, order, prune, orig., to clean. See Pure, and cf. Compute.]

1. To tell or name one by one, or by groups, for the purpose of ascertaining the whole number of units in a collection; to number; to enumerate; to compute; to reckon. Who can count the dust of Jacob Num. xxiii. 10. In a journey of forty miles, Avaux counted only three miserable cabins. Macaulay.

2. To place to an account; to ascribe or impute; to consider or
esteem as belonging.
Abracham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness.
Rom. iv. 3.

3. To esteem; to account; to reckon; to think, judge, or consider. I count myself in nothing else so happy As in a soul remembering my good friends. Shak. To count out. (a) To exclude (one) will not particapate or cannot be depended upon. (b) (House of Commons) To declare adjourned, as a sitting of the House, when it is ascertained that a quorum is not present. (c) To prevent the accession of (a person) to office, by a fraudulent return or count of the votes cast; — said of a candidate really elected. [Colloq.]

Syn.
— To calculate; number; reckon; compute; enumerate. See Calculate.

COUNT
Count, v. i.

1. To number or be counted; to possess value or carry weight; hence, to increase or add to the strength or influence of some party or interest; as, every vote counts; accidents count for nothing. This excellent man . . . counted among the best and wisest of English statesmen. J. A. Symonds.

2. To reckon; to rely; to depend; — with on or upon. He was brewer to the palace; and it was apprehended that the government counted on his voice. Macaulay. I think it a great error to count upon the genius of a nation as a standing argument in all ages. Swift.

3. To take account or note; — with of. [Obs.] "No man counts of her beauty." Shak.

4. (Eng. Law)

Defn: To plead orally; to argue a matter in court; to recite a count.
Burrill.

COUNT Count, n. Etym: [F. conte and compte, with different meanings, fr. L. computus a computation, fr. computare. See Count, v. t.]

1. The act of numbering; reckoning; also, the number ascertained by
counting.
Of blessed saints for to increase the count. Spenser.
By this count, I shall be much in years. Shak.

2. An object of interest or account; value; estimation. [Obs.] "All his care and count." Spenser.

3. (Law)

Defn: A formal statement of the plaintiff's case in court; in a more technical and correct sense, a particular allegation or charge in a declaration or indictment, separately setting forth the cause of action or prosecution. Wharton.

Note: In the old law books, count was used synonymously with declaration. When the plaintiff has but a single cause of action, and makes but one statement of it, that statement is called indifferently count or declaration, most generally, however, the latter. But where the suit embraces several causes, or the plaintiff makes several different statements of the same cause of action, each statement is called a count, and all of them combined, a declaration. Bouvier. Wharton.

COUNT Count, n. Etym: [F. conte, fr. L. comes, comitis, associate, companion, one of the imperial court or train, properly, one who goes with another; com- + ire to go, akin to Skr. i to go.]

Defn: A nobleman on the continent of Europe, equal in rank to an
English earl.

Note: Though the tittle Count has never been introduced into Britain, the wives of Earls have, from the earliest period of its history, been designated as Countesses. Brande & C. Count palatine. (a) Formerly, the proprietor of a county who possessed royal prerogatives within his county, as did the Earl of Chester, the Bishop of Durham, and the Duke of Lancaster. [Eng.] See County palatine, under County. (b) Originally, a high judicial officer of the German emperors; afterward, the holder of a fief, to whom was granted the right to exercise certain imperial powers within his own domains. [Germany]

COUNTABLE
Count"a*ble (—b'l), a.

Defn: Capable of being numbered.

COUNTENANCE Coun"te*nance (koun"t-nans), n. Etym: [OE. contenance, countenaunce, demeanor, composure, F. contenance demeanor, fr. L. continentia continence, LL. also, demeanor, fr. L. continere to hold together, repress, contain. See Contain, and cf. Continence.]

1. Appearance or expression of the face; look; aspect; mien. So spake the Son, and into terror changed His countenance. Milton.

2. The face; the features. In countenance somewhat doth resemble you. Shak.

3. Approving or encouraging aspect of face; hence, favor, good will, support; aid; encouragement. Thou hast made him . . . glad with thy countenance. Ps. xxi. 6. This is the magistrate's peculiar province, to give countenance to piety and virtue, and to rebuke vice. Atterbury.

4. Superficial appearance; show; pretense. [Obs.] The election being done, he made countenance of great discontent thereat. Ascham. In countenance, in an assured condition or aspect; free from shame or dismay. "It puts the learned in countenance, and gives them a place among the fashionable part of mankind." Addison. — Out of countenance, not bold or assured; confounded; abashed. "Their best friends were out of countenance, because they found that the imputations . . . were well grounded." Clarendon. — To keep the countenance, to preserve a composed or natural look, undisturbed by passion or emotion. Swift.

COUNTENANCE Coun"te*nance (koun"t-nans), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Countenanced (- nanst); p. pr. & vb. n. Countenancing.]

1. To encourage; to favor; to approve; to aid; to abet. This conceit, though countenanced by learned men, is not made out either by experience or reason. Sir T. Browne. Error supports custom, custom countenances error. Milton.

2. To make a show of; to pretend. [Obs.] Which to these ladies love did countenance. Spenser.

COUNTENANCER
Coun"te*nan*cer (-nan-sr), n.

Defn: One who countenances, favors, or supports.

COUNTER
Coun"ter (koun"tr-).

Note: [See Counter, adv. ]

Defn: A prefix meaning contrary, opposite, in opposition; as, counteract, counterbalance, countercheck. See Counter, adv. & a.

COUNTER Count"er (koun"tr), n. Etym: [OE. countere, countour, a counter (in sense 1), OF. contere, conteor, fr. conter to count. See Count, v. t. ]

1. One who counts, or reckons up; a calculator; a reckoner.

2. A piece of metal, ivory, wood, or bone, used in reckoning, in keeping account of games, etc. The old gods of our own race whose names . . . serve as counters reckon the days of the week. E. B. Tylor. What comes the wool to . . . I can not do it witthout counters. Shak.

3. Money; coin; — used in contempt. [Obs.] To lock such rascal counters from his friends. Shak.

4. A prison; either of two prisons formerly in London. Anne Aysavugh . . . imprisoned in the Counter. Fuller.

5. A telltale; a contrivance attached to an engine, printing press, or other machine, for the purpose of counting the revolutions or the pulsations. Knight.

COUNTER Coun"ter, n. Etym: [OE. countour, OF. contouer, comptouer, F. comptoir, LL. computatorium, prop., a computing place, place of accounts, fr. L. computare. See Count, v. t.]

Defn: A table or board on which money is counted and over which business is transacted; a long, narrow table or bench, on which goods are laid for examination by purchasers, or on which they are weighed or measured.

COUNTER
Coun"ter, adv. Etym: [F. contre, fr. L. contra against. Cf. Contra-.]

1. Contrary; in opposition; in an opposite direction; contrariwise; - - used chiefly with run or go. Running counter to all the rules of virtue. Locks.

2. In the wrong way; contrary to the right course; as, a hound that runs counter. This is counter, you false Danish dogs! Shak.

3. At or against the front or face. [R.] Which [darts] they never throw counter, but at the back of the flier. Sandys.

COUNTER
Coun"ter, a.

Defn: Contrary; opposite; contrasted; opposed; adverse; antagonistic; as, a counter current; a counter revolution; a counter poison; a counter agent; counter fugue. "Innumerable facts attesting the counter principle." I. Taylor. Counter approach (Fort.), a trench or work pushed forward from defensive works to meet the approaches of besiegers. See Approach. — Counter bond (Law), in old practice, a bond to secure one who has given bond for another. — Counter brace. See Counter brace, in Vocabulary. — Counter deed (Law), a secret writing which destroys, invalidates, or alters, a public deed. — Counter distinction, contradistinction. [Obs.] — Counter drain, a drain at the foot of the embankment of a canal or watercourse, for carrying off the water that may soak through. — Counter extension (Surg.), the fixation of the upper part of a limb, while extension is practiced on the lower part, as in cases of luxation or fracture. — Counter fissure (Surg.) Same as Contrafissure. — Counter indication. (Med.) Same as Contraindication. — Counter irritant (Med.), an irritant to produce a blister, a pustular eruption, or other irritation in some part of the body, in order to relieve an existing irritation in some other part. "Counter irritants are of as great use in moral as in physical diseases." Macaulay. — Counter irritation (Med.), the act or the result of applying a counter irritant. — Counter opening, an aperture or vent on the opposite side, or in a different place. -Counter parole (Mil.), a word in addition to the password, given in time of alarm as a signal. — Counter plea (Law), a replication to a plea. Cowell. — Counter pressure, force or pressure that acts in a contrary direction to some other opposing pressure. — Counter project, a project, scheme, or proposal brought forward in opposition to another, as in the negotiation of a treaty. Swift. — Counter proof, in engraving, a print taken off from another just printed, which, by being passed through the press, gives a copy in reverse, and of course in the same position as that of plate from which the first was printed, the object being to enable the engraver to inspect the state of the plate. — Counter revolution, a revolution opposed to a former one, and restoring a former state of things. — Counter revolutionist, one engaged in, or befriending, a counter revolution. — Counter round (Mil.), a body of officers whose duty it is to visit and inspect the rounds and sentinels. — Counter sea (Naut.), a sea running in an opposite direction from the wind. — Counter sense, opposite meaning. — Counter signal, a signal to answer or correspond to another. — Counter signature, the name of a secretary or other officer countersigned to a writing. . Tooke. — Counter slope, an overhanging slope; as, a wall with a counter slope. Mahan. — Counter statement, a statement made in opposition to, or denial of, another statement. — Counter surety, a counter bond, or a surety to secure one who has given security. — Counter tally, a tally corresponding to another. — Counter tide, contrary tide.

COUNTER
Coun"ter, n. Etym: [See Counter, adv., Contra.]

1. (Naut.)

Defn: The after part of a vessel's body, from the water line to the stern, — below and somewhat forward of the stern proper.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: Same as Contra. Formerly used to designate any under part which served for contrast to a principal part, but now used as equivalent to counter tenor.

3. (Far.)

Defn: The breast, or thet part of a horse between the shoulders and under the neck.

4. The back leather or heel part of a boot.

COUNTER
Coun"ter (koun"tr), n.

Defn: An encounter. [Obs.]
With kindly counter under mimic shade. Spenser.

COUNTER
Coun"ter, v. i. (Boxing)

Defn: To return a blow while receiving one, as in boxing.
His left hand countered provokingly. C. Kingsley.

COUNTERACT Coun`ter*act" (koun`tr-kt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Counteracted; p. pr. & vb. n. Counteracting.]

Defn: To act in opposition to; to hinder, defeat, or frustrate, by contrary agency or influence; as, to counteract the effect of medicines; to counteract good advice.

COUNTERACTION
Coun`ter*ac"tion (koun`tr-k"shn), n.

Defn: Action in opposition; hindrance resistance. [They] do not . . . overcome the counteraction of a false principle or of stubborn partiality. Johnson.

COUNTERACTIVE
Coun`ter*act"ive (-kt"v), a.

Defn: Tending to counteract.

COUNTERACTIVE
Coun`ter*act"ive, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, counteracts.

COUNTERACTIVELY
Coun`ter*act"ive*ly, adv.

Defn: By counteraction.

COUNTERBALANCE Coun`ter*bal"ance (-bl"ans), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Counterbalanced (- anst); p. pr. & vb. n. Counterbalancing.]

Defn: To oppose with an equal weight or power; to counteract the power or effect of; to countervail; to equiponderate; to balance. The remaining air was not able to counterbalance the mercurial cylinder. Boyle. The cstudy of mind is necessary to counterbalance and correct the influence of the study of nature. Sir W. Hamilton.

COUNTERBALANCE
Coun"ter*bal`ance (koun"tr-bl`ans), n.

Defn: A weight, power, or agency, acting against or balancing another; as: (a) A mass of metal in one side of a driving wheel or fly wheel, to balance the weight of a crank pin, etc., on the opposite side of the wheel. (b) A counterpoise to balance the weight of anything, as of a drawbridge or a scale beam. Money is the counterbalance to all other things purchasable by it. Locke.

COUNTERBORE
Coun"ter*bore` (-br`), n.

1. A flat-bottomed cylindrical enlargement of the mouth of a hole, usually of slight depth, as for receiving a cylindrical screw head.

2. A kind of pin drill with the cutting edge or edges normal to the axis; — used for enlarging a hole, or for forming a flat-bottomed recess at its mouth.

COUNTERBORE
Coun`ter*bore" (koun`tr-br"), v. t.

Defn: To form a counterbore in, by boring, turning, or drilling; to enlarge, as a hole, by means of a counterbore.

COUNTER BRACE
Coun"ter brace` (brs`).

1. (Naut.)

Defn: The brace of the fore-topsail on the leeward side of a vessel.

2. (Engin.)

Defn: A brace, in a framed structure, which resists a strain of a character opposite to that which a main brace is designed to receive.

Note: In a quadrilateral system of bracing, the main brace is usually in the direction of one diagonal, and the counter brace in the direction of the other. Strains in counter braces are occasioned by the live load only, as, in a roof, by the wind, or, in a bridge, by a moving train.

COUNTERBRACE
Coun"ter*brace`, v. t.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: To brace in opposite directions; as, to counterbrace the yards, i. e., to brace the head yards one way and the after yards another.

2. (Engin.)

Defn: To brace in such a way that opposite strains are resisted; to apply counter braces to.

COUNTERBUFF
Coun`ter*buff" (koun`tr-bf"), v. t.

Defn: To strike or drive back or in an opposite direction; to stop by a blow or impulse in front. Dryden.

COUNTERBUFF
Coun"ter*buff` (koun"tr-bf`), n.

Defn: A blow in an opposite direction; a stroke that stops motion or cause a recoil.

COUNTERCAST
Coun"ter*cast` (koun"tr-kst`), n.

Defn: A trick; a delusive contrivance. [Obs.] Spenser.

COUNTERCASTER
Coun"ter*cast`er (-r), n.

Defn: A caster of accounts; a reckoner; a bookkeeper; — used conteptuously.

COUNTERCHANGE Coun`ter*change" (koun`tr-chnj), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Counterchanged (-chnjd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Counterchanging.]

1. To give and receive; to cause to change places; to exchange.

2. To checker; to diversify, as in heraldic counterchanging. See Counterchaged, a., 2. With-elms, that counterchange the floor Of this flat lawn with dusk and bright. Tennyson.

COUNTERCHANGE
Coun"ter*change` (koun"tr-chnj`), n.

Defn: Exchange; reciprocation.

COUNTERCHANGED
Coun`ter*changed" (-chnjd"), a.

1. Exchanged.

2. (Her.)

Defn: Having the tinctures exchanged mutually; thus, if the field is divided palewise, or and azure, and cross is borne counterchanged, that part of the cross which comes on the azure side will be or, and that on the or side will be azure.

COUNTERCHARGE
Coun"ter*charge` (koun"tr-chrj`), n.

Defn: An opposing charge.

COUNTERCHARM Coun`ter*charm" (koun`tr-chrm"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Countercharmed (-chrmd`); p. pr. & vb. n. Countercharming.]

Defn: To destroy the effect of a charm upon.

COUNTERCHARM
Coun"ter*charm` (koun"tr-chrm`), n.

Defn: That which has the power of destroying the effect of a charm.

COUNTERCHECK Coun`ter*check" (koun`tr-chk"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Counterchecked (- chckt"); p. pr. & vb. n. Counterchecking.]

Defn: To oppose or check by some obstacle; to check by a return check.

COUNTERCHECK
Coun"ter*check` (koun"tr-chk`), n.

1. A check; a stop; a rebuke, or censure to check a reprover.

2. Any force or device designed to restrain another restraining force; a check upon a check. The system of checks and counterchecks. J. H. Newton.

COUNTERCLAIM
Coun"ter*claim` (-klm`), n. (Law)

Defn: A claim made by a person as an offset to a claim made on him.

COUNTER-COMPONY
Coun"ter-com*po`ny (-km-p`n), a. (Her.)

Defn: See Compony.

COUNTER-COUCHANT
Coun"ter-couch`ant (koun"tr-kouch"ant), a. (Her.)

Defn: Lying down, with their heads in opposite directions; — said of animals borne in a coat of arms.

COUNTER-COURANT
Coun"ter-cou*rant" (-k-rnt"), a. (Her.)

Defn: Running in opposite directions; — said of animals borne in a coast of arms.

COUNTERCURRENT
Coun"ter*cur`rent (koun"tr-kr`-rent), a.

Defn: Running in an opposite direction.

COUNTERCURRENT
Coun"ter*cur`rent, n.

Defn: A current running in an opposite direction to the main current.

COUNTERDRAW
Coun`ter*draw" (koun`tr-dr"), v. t. [imp. Counterdrew (-dr"); p. p.
Counterdrawn (-drn"); p. pr. & vb. n. Counterdrawing.]

Defn: To copy, as a design or painting, by tracing with a pencil on oiled paper, or other transparent substance.

COUNTERFAISANCE
Coun"ter*fai"sance (koun"tr-f"zans), n.

Defn: See Counterfesance. [Obs.]

COUNTERFEIT
Coun"ter*feit (koun"tr-ft), a. Etym: [F. contrefait, p. p. of
contrefaire to counterfeit; contre (L. contra) + faire to make, fr.
L. facere. See Counter, adv., and Fact.]

1. Representing by imitation or likeness; having a resemblance to something else; portrayed. Look here upon this picture, and on this-The counterfeit presentment of two brothers. Shak.

2. Fabricated in imitation of something else, with a view to defraud by passing the false copy for genuine or original; as, counterfeit antiques; counterfeit coin. "No counterfeit gem." Robinson (More's Utopia).

3. Assuming the appearance of something; false; spurious; deceitful; hypocritical; as, a counterfeit philanthropist. "An arrant counterfeit rascal." Shak.

Syn.
— Forged; fictitious; spurious; false.

COUNTERFEIT
Coun"ter*feit, n.

1. That which resembles or is like another thing; a likeness; a portrait; a counterpart. Thou drawest a counterfeit Best in all Athens. Shak. Even Nature's self envied the same, And grudged to see the counterfeit should shame The thing itself. Spenser.

2. That which is made in imitation of something, with a view to deceive by passing the false for the true; as, the bank note was a counterfeit. Never call a true piece of gold a counterfeit. Shak. Some of these counterfeits are fabricated with such exquisite taste and skill, that it is the achievement of criticism to distinguish them from originals. Macaulay.

3. One who pretends to be what he is not; one who personates another; an impostor; a cheat. I fear thou art another counterfeit; And yet, in faith, thou bears'st thee like a king. Shak.

COUNTERFEIT
Coun"ter*feit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Counterfeited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Counterfeiting.]

1. To imitate, or put on a semblance of; to mimic; as, to counterfeit the voice of another person. Full well they laughed with counterfeited glee At all his jokes, for many a joke had he. Goldsmith.

2. To imitate with a view to deceiving, by passing the copy for that which is original or genuine; to forge; as, to counterfeit the signature of another, coins, notes, etc.

COUNTERFEIT
Coun"ter*feit, v. i.

1. To carry on a deception; to dissemble; to feign; to pretend. The knave counterfeits well; a good knave. Shak.

2. To make counterfeits.

COUNTERFEITER
Coun"ter*feit`er (-ft`r), n.

1. One who counterfeits; one who copies or imitates; especially, one who copies or forges bank notes or coin; a forger. The coin which was corrupted by counterfeiters. Camden.

2. One who assumes a false appearance or semblance; one who makes false pretenses. Counterfeiters of devotion. Sherwood.

COUNTERFEITLY
Coun"ter*feit`ly, adv.

Defn: By forgery; falsely.

COUNTERFESANCE Coun"ter*fe`sance (-f"zans), n. Etym: [OF. contrefaisance, fr. contrefaire. See Counterfeit, a.]

Defn: The act of forging; forgery. [Obs.] [Written also counterfaisance.]

COUNTERFLEURY
Coun"ter*fleu`ry (koun"tr-fl`r), a. Etym: [F. contrefleuri.] (Her.)

Defn: Counterflory.

COUNTERFLORY
Coun"ter*flo`ry (-fl`r), a. Etym: [See Counterfleury.] (Her.)

Defn: Adorned with flowers (usually fleurs-de-lis) so divided that the tops appear on one side and the bottoms on the others; — said of any ordinary.

COUNTERFOIL
Coun"ter*foil` (-foil), n. Etym: [Counter- + foil a leaf.]

1. That part of a tally, formerly in the exchequer, which was kept by an officer in that court, the other, called the stock, being delivered to the person who had lent the king money on the account; - - called also counterstock. [Eng.]

2. The part of a writing (as the stub of a bank check) in which are noted the main particulars contained in the corresponding part, which has been issued.

COUNTERFORCE
Coun"ter*force` (-frs`), n.

Defn: An opposing force.

COUNTERFORT
Coun"ter*fort` (-frt`), n.

1. (Fort.)

Defn: A kind of buttress of masonry to strengthen a revetment wall.

2. A spur or projection of a mountain. Imp. Dict.

COUNTERGAGE
Coun"ter*gage` (-gj`), n. (Carp.)

Defn: An adjustable gage, with double points for transferring measurements from one timber to another, as the breadth of a mortise to the place where the tenon is to be made. Knight.

COUNTERGLOW
Coun"ter*glow`, n. (Astron.)

Defn: An exceedingly faint roundish or somewhat oblong nebulous light near the ecliptic and opposite the sun, best seen during September and October, when in the constellations Sagittarius and Pisces. Its cause is not yet understood. Called also Gegenschein.

COUNTERGUARD
Coun"ter*guard` (koun"tr-grd`), n. (Fort.)

Defn: A low outwork before a bastion or ravelin, consisting of two lines of rampart parallel to the faces of the bastion, and protecting them from a breaching fire.

COUNTERIRRITANT; COUNTERIRRITATION
Coun"ter*ir`ri*tant (-r"r-tant), n., Coun"ter*ir`ri*ta"tion, n.

Defn: See Counter irritant, etc., under Counter, a.

COUNTERIRRITATE
Coun"ter*ir"ri*tate (koun"tr-r"r-tt), v. t. (Med.)

Defn: To produce counter irritation in; to treat with one morbid process for the purpose of curing another.

COUNTERJUMPER
Coun"ter*jump`er (koun"tr-jmp`r), n.

Defn: A salesman in a shop; a shopman; — used contemtuously. [Slang]

COUNTERLATH Coun"ter*lath`, n. (Building) (a) A batten laid lengthwise between two rafters to afford a bearing for laths laid crosswise. (b) Any lath laid without actual measurement between two gauged laths. (c) Any of a series of laths nailed to the timbers to raise the sheet lathing above their surface to afford a key for plastering. (d) One of many laths used in preparing one side of a partition or framed wall, when the other side has been covered in and finished.

COUNTERMAN
Coun"ter*man (koun"tr-man), n.; pl. Countermen (-men).

Defn: A man who attends at the counter of a shop to sell goods.
[Eng.]

COUNTERMAND Coun`ter*mand" (koun`tr-mnd"), v. t. [imp & p. p. Countermanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Countermanding.] Etym: [F. contremander; contre (L. contra) + mander to command, fr. L. mandare. Cf. Mandate.]

1. To revoke (a former command); to cancel or rescind by giving an order contrary to one previously given; as, to countermand an order for goods.

2. To prohibit; to forbid. [Obs.] Avicen countermands letting blood in choleric bodles. Harvey.

3. To oppose; to revoke the command of. For us to alter anuthing, is to lift ourselves against God; and, as it were, to countermand him. Hooker.

COUNTERMAND
Coun"ter*mand (koun"tr-mnd), n.

Defn: A contrary order; revocation of a former order or command.
Have you no countermand for Claudio yet, But he must die to-morrow
Shak.

COUNTERMANDABLE
Coun`ter*mand"a*ble (-mnd"-b'l), a.

Defn: Capable of being countermanded; revocable. Bacon.

COUNTERMARCH Coun`ter*march" (koun`tr-mrch"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Countermarched (-mrcht"); p. pr. & vb. n. Countermarching.] (Mil.)

Defn: To march back, or to march in reversed order.
The two armies marched and countermarched, drew near and receded.
Macaulay.

COUNTERMARCH
Coun"ter*march` (koun"tr-mrch`), n.

1. A marching back; retrocession.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: An evolution by which a body of troops change front or reverse the direction of march while retaining the same men in the front rank; also, a movement by which the rear rank becomes the front one, either with or without changing the right to the left.

3. A change of measures; alteration of conduct. Such countermarches and retractions as we do not willingly impute to wisdom. T. Burnet.

COUNTERMARK
Coun"ter*mark` (-mrk`), n.

1. A mark or token added to those already existing, in order to afford security or proof; as, an additional or special mark put upon a package of goods belonging to several persons, that it may not be opened except in the presence of all; a mark added to that of an artificer of gold or silver work by the Goldsmiths' Company of London, to attest the standard quality of the gold or silver; a mark added to an ancient coin or medal, to show either its change of value or that it was taken from an enemy.

2. (Far.)

Defn: An artificial cavity made in the teeth of horses that have outgrown their natural mark, to disguise their age.

COUNTERMARK
Coun`ter*mark" (koun`tr-mrk"), v. t.

Defn: To apply a countenmark to; as, to countermark silverware; to countermark a horse's teeth.

COUNTERMINE Coun"ter*mine` (koun"tr-mn`), n. Etym: [Counter- + mine underground gallery: cf. F. contermine.]

1. (Mil.)

Defn: An underground gallery excavated to intercept and destroy the mining of an enemy.

2. A stratagem or plot by which another sratagem or project is defeated. Thinking himself contemned, knowing no countermine against contempt but terror. Sir P. Sidney.

COUNTERMINE Coun`ter*mine" (koun`tr-mn"), v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. contreminer.] [imp. & p. p. Countermined; p. pr. & vb. n. Countermining.]

1. (Mil.)

Defn: To oppose by means or a countermine; to intercept with a countermine.

2. To frustrate or counteract by secret measures.

COUNTERMINE
Coun`ter*mine", v. i.

Defn: To make a countermine or counterplot; to plot secretly.
'Tis hard for man to countermine with God. Chapman.

COUNTERMOVE
Coun`ter*move" (koun`tr-mv"), v. t. & i.

Defn: To move in a contrary direction to.

COUNTERMOVE; COUNTERMOVEMENT
Coun"ter*move` (-mv`), n. Coun"ter*move`ment (-ment).

Defn: A movement in opposition to another.

COUNTERMURE
Coun"ter*mure` (-mr`), n. Etym: [Counter- + mure: cf. F. contremur.]
(Fort.)

Defn: A wall raised behind another, to supply its place when breached or destroyed. [R.] Cf. Contramure. Knolles.

COUNTERMURE Coun`ter*mure" (koun`tr-mr"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Countermured (- mrd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Countermuring.] Etym: [Cf. F. contremurer.]

Defn: To fortify with a wall behind another wall. [R.] Kyd.

COUNTERNATURAL
Coun"ter*nat`u*ral (koun"tr-nt`-ral; 135), a.

Defn: Contrary to nature. [R.] Harvey.

COUNTER-PALY
Coun"ter-pa`ly (-p`l), a. Etym: [F. contre-palé.] (Her.)

Defn: Paly, and then divided fesswise, so that each vertical piece is cut into two, having the colors used alternately or counterchanged. Thus the escutcheon in the illustration may also be blazoned paly of six per fess counterchanged argent and azure.

COUNTERPANE Coun"ter*pane` (koun"tr-pn`), n. Etym: [See Counterpoint, corrupted into counterpane, from the employment of pane-shaped figures in these coverlets. ]

Defn: A coverlet for a bed, — originally stitched or woven in
squares or figures.
On which a tissue counterpane was cast. Drayton.

COUNTERPANE
Coun"ter*pane`, n. Etym: [OF. contrepan a pledge, security; contre +
pan a skirt, also, a pawn or gage, F. pan a skirt. See Pane, and cf.
Pawn.] (O. Law)

Defn: A duplicate part or copy of an indenture, deed, etc., corresponding with the original; — now called counterpart. Read, scribe; give me the counterpane. B. Jonson.

COUNTERPART
Coun"ter*part` (koun"tr-prt`), n.

1. A part corresponding to another part; anything which answers, or corresponds, to another; a copy; a duplicate; a facsimile. In same things the laws of Normandy agreed with the laws of England, so that they seem to be, as it were, copies or counterparts one of another. Sir M. Hale.

2. (Law)

Defn: One of two corresponding copies of an instrument; a duplicate.

3. A person who closely resembles another.

4. A thing may be applied to another thing so as to fit perfectly, as a seal to its impression; hence, a thing which is adapted to another thing, or which suplements it; that which serves to complete or complement anything; hence, a person or thing having qualities lacking in another; an opposite. O counterpart Of our soft sex, well are you made our lords. Dryden.

COUNTERPASSANT Coun"ter*pas`sant (-ps"sant), a. Etym: [Counter- + passant:cf. F. contrepassant.] (Her.)

Defn: Passant in opposite directions; — said of two animals.

COUNTERPLEAD
Coun`ter*plead" (koun`tr-pld"), v. t.

Defn: To plead the contrary of; to plead against; to deny.

COUNTERPLOT Coun`ter*plot" (koun`tr-plt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Counterplotted;p. pr. & vb. n. Counterplotting.]

Defn: To oppose, as another plot, by plotting; to attempt to
frustrate, as a stratagem, by stratagem.
Every wile had proved abortive, every plot had been counterplotted.
De Quinsey.

COUNTERPLOT
Coun"ter*plot` (koun"tr-plt`), n.

Defn: A plot or artifice opposed to another. L'Estrange.

COUNTERPOINT
Coun"ter*point` (koun"tr-point`), n. Etym: [Counter- + point.]

Defn: An opposite point [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.

COUNTERPOINT Coun"ter*point`, n. Etym: [F. contrepoint; cf. It. contrappunto. Cf. Contrapuntal.] (Mus.) (a) The setting of note against note in harmony; the adding of one or more parts to a given canto fermo or melody. (b) The art of polyphony, or composite melody, i. e., melody not single, but moving attended by one or more related melodies. (c) Music in parts; part writing; harmony; polyphonic music. See Polyphony. Counterpoint, an invention equivalent to a new creation of music. Whewell.

COUNTERPOINT Coun"ter*point`, n. Etym: [OF. contrepoincte, corruption of earlier counstepointe, countepointe, F. courtepointe, fr. L. culcita cushion, mattress (see Quilt, and cf. Cushion) + puncta, fem. p. p. of pungere to prick (see Point). The word properly meant a stitched quilt, with the colors broken one into another.]

Defn: A coverlet; a cover for a bed, often stitched or broken into squares; a counterpane. See 1st Counterpane. Embroidered coverlets or counterpoints of purple silk. Sir T. North.

COUNTERPOISE
Coun"ter*poise` (koun"tr-poiz`; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p.
Counterpoised (-poizd`); p. pr. & vb. n. Counterpoising.] Etym: [OE.
countrepesen, counterpeisen, F. contrepeser. See Counter, adv., and
Poise, v. t. ]

1. To act against with equal weight; to equal in weght; to balance the weight of; to counterbalance. Weigts, counterpoising one another. Sir K. Digby.

2. To act against with equal power; to balance. So many freeholders of English will be able to beard and counterpoise the rest. Spenser.

COUNTERPOISE Coun"ter*poise` (koun"tr-poiz`), n. Etym: [OE. countrepese, OF. contrepois, F. contrepods. See Counter, adv., and Poise, n.]

1. A weight sufficient to balance another, as in the opposite scale of a balance; an equal weight. Fastening that to our exact balance, we put a metalline counterpoise into the opposite scale. Boyle.

2. An equal power or force acting in opposition; a force sufficient to balance another force. The second nobles are a counterpoise to the higher nobility, that they grow not too potent. Bacon.

3. The relation of two weights or forces which balance each other; equilibrum; equiponderance. The pendulous round eart, with balanced air, In counterpoise. Milton.

COUNTERPOLE
Coun"ter*pole` (-pl`), n.

Defn: The exact opposite.
The German prose offers the counterpole to the French style. De
Quincey.

COUNTERPONDERATE
Coun`ter*pon"der*ate (-pn"dr-t), v. t.

Defn: TO equal in weight; to counterpoise; to equiponderate.

COUNTERPROVE Coun`ter*prove" (koun`tr-prv"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Counterproved (- prvd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Counterproving.]

Defn: To take a counter proof of, or a copy in reverse, by taking an impression directly from the face of an original. See Counter proof, under Counter.

COUNTERREVOLUTIONARY; COUNTER-REVOLUTIONARY counterrevolutionary counter-revolutionary adj.

Defn: marked by opposition or antipathy to revolution; as, ostracized for his counterrevolutionary tendencies. Opposite of revolutionary. [WordNet 1.5]

COUNTER-ROLL
Coun"ter-roll` (-rl`), n. Etym: [Cf. Control.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A duplicate roll (record or account) kept by an officer as a check upon another officer's roll. Burrill.

Note: As a verb this word is contracted into control. See Control.

COUNTERROLMENT
Coun`ter*rol"ment (koun`tr-rl"ment), n.

Defn: A counter account. See Control. [Obs.] Bacon.

COUNTER-SALIENT
Coun`ter-sa"li*ent (-s"l-ent or -sl"yent; 106), a. (Her.)

Defn: Leaping from each other; — said of two figures on a coast of arms.

COUNTERSCALE
Coun"ter*scale` (koun"tr-skl`), n.

Defn: Counterbalance; balance, as of one scale against another.
[Obs.] Howell.

COUNTERSCARF Coun"ter*scarf` (-skrf`), n. Etym: [Counter- + scarp: cf. F. contrescarpe.] (Fort.)

Defn: The exterior slope or wall of the ditch; — sometimes, the whole covered way, beyond the ditch, with its parapet and glacis; as, the enemy have lodged themselves on the counterscarp.

COUNTERSEAL Coun`ter*seal" (koun`tr-sl"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Countersealed (- sld"); p. pr. & vb. n. Countersealing.]

Defn: To seal or ratify with another or others. Shak.

COUNTERSECURE
Coun`ter*se*cure" (-s-kr"), v. t.

Defn: To give additional security to or for. Burke.

COUNTERSHAFT
Coun"ter*shaft` (koun"tr-shft`), n. (Mach.)

Defn: An intermediate shaft; esp., one which receives motion from a line shaft in a factory and transmits it to a machine.

COUNTERSIGN
Coun`ter*sign" (-sn`; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Countersigned (-
snd`); p. pr. & vb. n. Countersigning.] Etym: [Counter- + sign: cf.
F. contresigner.]

Defn: To sign on the opposite side of (an instrument or writing); hence, to sign in addition to the signature of a principal or superior, in order to attest the authenticity of a writing.

COUNTERSIGN
Coun"ter*sign`, a.

1. The signature of a secretary or other officer to a writing signed by a principal or superior, to attest its authenticity.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: A private signal, word, or phrase, which must be given in order to pass a sentry; a watchword.

COUNTERSINK Coun"ter*sink` (koun"tr-sk`; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Countersunk (- s; p. pr. & vb. n. Countersinking.]

1. To chamfer or form a depression around the top of (a hole in wood, metal, etc.) for the reception of the head of a screw or bolt below the surface, either wholly or in part; as, to countersink a hole for a screw.

2. To cause to sink even with or below the surface; as, to countersink a screw or bolt into woodwork.

COUNTERSINK
Coun"ter*sink`, n.

1. An enlargement of the upper part of a hole, forming a cavity or depression for receiving the head of a screw or bolt.

Note: In the United States a flaring cavity formed by chamfering the edges of a round hole is called a countersink, while a cylindrical flat-bottomed enlargement of the mouth of the hole is usually called a conterbore.

2. A drill or cutting tool for countersinking holes.

COUNTERSTAND
Coun"ter*stand` (-st, n.

Defn: Resistance; opposition; a stand against.
Making counterstand to Robert Guiscard. Longfellow.

COUNTERSTEP
Coun"ter*step` (koun"tr-stp`), n.

Defn: A contrary method of procedure; opposite course of action.

COUNTERSTOCK
Coun"ter*stock` (-stk`), n.

Defn: See Counterfoil.

COUNTERSTROKE
Coun"ter*stroke` (-strk`), n.

Defn: A stroke or blow in return. Spenser.

COUNTERSUNK
Coun"ter*sunk` (-snk`), p. p. & a. from Countersink.

1. Chamfered at the top; — said of a hole.

2. Sunk into a chamfer; as, a countersunk bolt.

3. Beveled on the lower side, so as to fit a chamfered countersink; as, a countersunk nailhead.

COUNTERSWAY
Coun"ter*sway` (-sw`), n.

Defn: A swaying in a contrary direction; an opposing influence.
[Obs.]
A countersway of restraint, curbing their wild exorbitance. Milton.

COUNTER TENOR Coun"ter ten`or (tn`r). Etym: [OF. contreteneur. Cf. Contratenor, and see Tenor a part in music.] (Mus.)

Defn: One of the middle parts in music, between the tenor and the treble; high tenor. Counter-tenor clef (Mus.), the C clef when placed on the third line; — also called alto clef.

COUNTERTERM
Coun"ter*term` (-trm`), n.

Defn: A term or word which is the opposite of, or antithesis to, another; an antonym; — the opposite of synonym; as, "foe" is the counterterm of "friend". C. J. Smith.

COUNTERTIME
Coun"ter*time` (-tm`), n.

1. (Man.)

Defn: The resistance of a horse, that interrupts his cadence and the measure of his manege, occasioned by a bad horseman, or the bad temper of the horse.

2. Resistance; opposition. [Obs.] Give not shus the countertime to fate. Dryden.

COUNTERTRIPPANT
Coun"ter*trip`pant (-trp`pant), a. (Her.)

Defn: Trippant in opposite directions. See Trippant.

COUNTERTRIPPING
Coun"ter*trip`ping (-trp`png), a. (Her.)

Defn: Same as Countertrippant.

COUNTERTURN
Coun"ter*turn` (-t, n.

Defn: The critical moment in a play, when, contrary to expectation, the action is embroiled in new difficulties. Dryden.

COUNTERVAIL Coun`ter*vail" (koun`tr-vl"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Countervailed (- vld); p. pr. & vb. n. Countervailing.] Etym: [OF. contrevaloir; contre (L. contra) + valoir to avail, fr. L. valere to be strong, avail. See Vallant.]

Defn: To act against with equal force, power, or effect; to thwart or overcome by such action; to furnish an equivalent to or for; to counterbalance; to compensate. Upon balancing the account, the profit at last will hardly countervail the inconveniences that go allong with it. L'Estrange.

COUNTERVAIL
Coun"ter*vail` (koun"tr-vl`), n.

Defn: Power or value sufficient to obviate any effect; equal weight, strength, or value; equivalent; compensation; requital. [Obs.] Surely, the present pleasure of a sinful act is a poor countervail for the bitterness of the review. South.

COUNTERVALLATION
Coun`ter*val*la"tion (-vl-l"sn), n. (Fort.)

Defn: See Contravallation.

COUNTERVIEW
Coun"ter*view` (koun"tr-v`), n.

1. An opposite or opposing view; opposition; a posture in which two persons front each other. Within the gates of hell sat Death and Sin, In counterview. Milton M. Peisse has ably advocated the counterview in his preface and appendixx. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. A position in which two dissimilar things illustrate each other by opposition; contrast. I have drawn some lines of Linger's character, on purpose to place it in counterview, or contrast with that of the other company. Swift.

COUNTERVOTE
Coun`ter*vote" (koun`tr-vt"), v. t.

Defn: To vote in opposition ti; to balance or overcome by viting; to outvote. Dr. J. Scott.

COUNTERWAIT
Coun`ter*wait", v. t.

Defn: To wait or watch for; to be on guard against. [Obs.] Chaucer.

COUNTERWEIGH
Coun`ter*weigh" (-w"), v. t.

Defn: To weigh against; to counterbalance.

COUNTER WEIGHT
Coun"ter *weight` (-wt`), n.

Defn: A counterpoise.

COUNTERWHEEL
Coun`ter*wheel" (-hwl"), v. t. (Mil.)

Defn: To cause to wheel or turn in an opposite direction.

COUNTERWORK
Coun`ter*work" (-wrk"), v. t.

Defn: To work in oppositeion to; to counteract.
That counterworksh folly and caprice. Pope.

COUNTESS
Count"ess (kount"s), n.; pl. Countesses (-. Etym: [F. comtesse. See
Count a nobleman.]

Defn: The wife of an earl in the British peerage, or of a count in the Continental nobility; also, a lady possessed of the same dignity in her own right. See the Note under Count.

COUNTINGHOUSE; COUNTINGROOM
Count"ing*house` (kount"ng-hous`), Count"ing*room` (kount"ng-rm`), n.
Etym: [See Count, v. ]

Defn: The house or room in which a merchant, trader, or manufacturer keeps his books and transacts business.

COUNTLESS
Count"less (-ls), a.

Defn: Incapable of being counted; not ascertainable; innumerable.

COUNTOR
Count"or (kount"r), n. Etym: [From Count, v. t. (in sense 4).] (O.
Eng. Law)

Defn: An advocate or professional pleader; one who counted for his client, that is, orally pleaded his cause. [Obs.] Burrill.

COUNTOUR; COUNTOURHOUSE
Coun*tour" (kn-tr"), Coun*tour"house` (-hous`), n. Etym: [See 2d
Counter.]

Defn: A merchant's office; a countinghouse. [Obs.] Chaucer.

COUNTRE-
Coun"tre- (koun"ter-).

Defn: Same as prefix Counter-. [Obs.]

COUNTREPLETE
Coun`tre*plete" (-plt"), v. t. Etym: [Countre- + plete to plead.]

Defn: To counterplead. [Obs.] Chaucer.

COUNTRETAILLE Coun"tre*taille` (koun"tr-tl`), n. Etym: [F. contretaille; contre (L. contra) + taille cut. See Tally.]

Defn: A counter tally; correspondence (in sound). [Obs.] At the countretaille, in return. Chaucer.

COUNTRIFIED
Coun"tri*fied (kn"tr-fld), p. a.

Defn: Having the appearance and manners of a rustic; rude.
As being one who took no pride, And was a deal too countrified.
Lloyd.

COUNTRIFY
Coun"tri*fy (kn"tr-f), v. t.

Defn: To give a rural appearance to; to cause to appear rustic. Lamb.

COUNTRY
Coun"try (kn"tr), n.; pl. Countries (-tr. Etym: [F. contr, LL.
contrata, fr. L. contra over against, on the opposite side. Cf.
Counter, adv., Contra.]

1. A tract of land; a region; the territory of an independent nation; (as distinguished from any other region, and with a personal pronoun) the region of one's birth, permanent residence, or citizenship. Return unto thy country, and to thy kindred. Gen. xxxxii. 9. I might have learned this by my last exile, that change of countries cannot change my state. Stirling. Many a famous realm And country, whereof here needs no account Milton.

2. Rural regions, as opposed to a city or town. As they walked, on their way into the country. Mark xvi. 12 (Rev. Ver. ). God made the covatry, and man made the town. Cowper. Only very great men were in the habit of dividing the year between town and country. Macualay.

3. The inhabitants or people of a state or a region; the populace; the public. Hence: (a) One's constituents. (b) The whole body of the electors of state; as, to dissolve Parliament and appeal to the country. All the country in a general voice Cried hate upon him. Shak.

4. (Law) (a) A jury, as representing the citizens of a country. (b) The inhabitants of the district from which a jury is drawn.

5. (Mining.)

Defn: The rock through which a vein runs. Conclusion to the country.
See under Conclusion.
— To put, or throw, one's self upon the country, to appeal to one's
constituents; to stand trial before a jury.

COUNTRY
Coun"try, a.

1. Pertaining to the regions remote from a city; rural; rustic; as, a country life; a country town; the country party, as opposed to city.

2. Destitute of refinement; rude; unpolished; rustic; not urbane; as, country manners.

3. Pertaining, or peculiar, to one's own country. She, bowing herself towards him, laughing the cruel tyrant to scorn, spake in her country language. 2 Macc. vii. 27.

COUNTRY BANK
Coun"try bank. (Banking)

Defn: A national bank not in a reserve city. [Colloq., U. S.]

COUNTRY-BASE
Coun"try-base` (-bs`), n.

Defn: Same as Prison base.

COUNTRY CLUB
Coun"try club.

Defn: A club usually located in the suburbs or vicinity of a city or town and devoted mainly to outdoor sports.

COUNTRY COUSIN
Coun"try cousin.

Defn: A relative from the country visiting the city and unfamiliar with city manners and sights.

COUNTRY-DANCE Coun"try-dance` (-dns`), n. Etym: [Prob. an adaptation of contradance.]

Defn: See Contradance.
He had introduced the English country-dance to the knowledge of the
Dutch ladies. Macualay.

COUNTRYMAN
Coun"try*man (kn"tr-man), n.; pl. Countrymen (-men).

1. An inhabitant or native of a region. Shak.

2. One born in the same country with another; a compatriot; — used with a possessive pronoun. In perils of waters, in perils of robbers, in perils by mine own countrymen. 2 Cor. xi. 26.

3. One who dwells in the country, as distinguished from a townsman or an inhabitant of a city; a rustic; a husbandman or farmer. A simple countryman that brought her figs. Shak.

COUNTRY SEAT
Coun"try seat` (kn"tr st`).

Defn: A dwelling in the country, used as a place of retirement from the city.

COUNTRYSIDE
Coun"try*side` (-sd`), n.

Defn: A particular rural district; a country neighborhood. [Eng.] W.
Black. Blackmore.

COUNTRYWOMAN
Coun"try*wom`an (-wm`an), n.; pl. Countrywomen (-w.

Defn: A woman born, or dwelling, in the country, as opposed to the city; a woman born or dwelling in the same country with another native or inhabitant. Shak.

COUNT-WHEEL
Count"-wheel` (kount"hwl`), n.

Defn: The wheel in a clock which regulates the number of strokes.

COUNTY Coun"ty (koun"t), n.; pl. Counties (-t. Etym: [F. comt, fr. LL. comitatus. See Count.]

1. An earldom; the domain of a count or earl. [Obs.]

2. A circuit or particular portion of a state or kingdom, separated from the rest of the territory, for certain purposes in the administration of justice and public affairs; — called also a shire. See Shire. Every county, every town, every family, was in agitation. Macaulay.

3. A count; an earl or lord. [Obs.] Shak. County commissioners. See Commissioner. — County corporate, a city or town having the privilege to be a county by itself, and to be governed by its own sheriffs and other magistrates, irrespective of the officers of the county in which it is situated; as London, York, Bristol, etc. [Eng.] Mozley & W. — County court, a court whose jurisdiction is limited to county. — County palatine, a county distingushed by particular privileges; — so called a palatio (from the palace), because the owner had originally royal powers, or the same powers, in the administration of justice, as the king had in his palace; but these powers are now abridged. The counties palatine, in England, are Lancaster, Chester, and Durham. — County rates, rates levied upon the county, and collected by the boards of guardians, for the purpose of defraying the expenses to which counties are liable, such as repairing bridges, jails, etc. [Eng.] — County seat, a county town. [U.S.] — County sessions, the general quarter sessions of the peace for each county, held four times a year. [Eng.] — County town, the town of a county, where the county business is transacted; a shire town.

COUP
Coup (k), n. Etym: [F., fr.L. colaphus a cuff, Gr.

Defn: A sudden stroke; an unexpected device or stratagem; — a term used in various ways to convey the idea of promptness and force. Coup de grace (ke gr Etym: [F.], the stroke of mercy with which an executioner ends by death the sufferings of the condemned; hence, a decisive, finishing stroke. — Coup de main (ke m Etym: [F.] (Mil.), a sudden and unexpected movement or attack. — Coup de soleil (k Etym: [F.] (Med.), a sunstroke. See Sunstroke. — Coup d'état (k Etym: [F.] (Politics), a sudden, decisive exercise of power whereby the existing government is subverted without the consent of the people; an unexpected measure of state, more or less violent; a stroke of policy. — Coup d'oeil (k. Etym: [F.] (a) A single view; a rapid glance of the eye; a comprehensive view of a scene; as much as can be seen at one view. (b) The general effect of a picture. (c) (Mil.) The faculty or the act of comprehending at a glance the weakness or strength of a military position, of a certain arrangement of troops, the most advantageous position for a battlefield, etc.

COUPABLE
Cou (k"p-b'l), a. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Culpable. [Obs.]

COUPE
Cou`pé" (k`p"), n. Etym: [F., fr. coupé, p. p. of couper to cut. See
Coppice.]

1. The front compartment of a French diligence; also, the front compartment (usually for three persons) of a car or carriage on British railways.

2. A four-wheeled close carriage for two persons inside, with an outside seat for the driver; — so called because giving the appearance of a larger carriage cut off.

COUPED
Couped (kpt), a. Etym: [F. couper to cut.] (Her.)

Defn: Cut off smoothly, as distinguished from erased; — used especially for the head or limb of an animal. See Erased.

COUPEE Cou*pee" (k-p"; F. k`p), n. Etym: [F. coupé, n., properly p. p. of couper to cut. Cf. Coupé, Coopee.]

Defn: A motion in dancing, when one leg is a little bent, and raised from the floor, and with the other a forward motion is made. Chambers.

COUPE-GORGE
Coupe`-gorge" (kp`grzh"), n. Etym: [F., cut throat.] (Mil.)

Defn: Any position giving the enemy such advantage that the troops occupying it must either surrender or be cut to pieces. Farrow.

COUPLE Cou"ple (kp"'l), n. Etym: [F. couple, fr. L. copula a bond, band; co- + apere, aptum, ti join. See Art, a., and cf.Copula.]

1. That which joins or links two things together; a bond or tie; a coupler. [Obs.] It is in some sort with friends as it is with dogs in couples; they should be of the same size and humor. L'Estrange. I'll go in couples with her. Shak.

2. Two of the same kind connected or considered together; a pair; a brace. "A couple of shepherds." Sir P. Sidney. "A couple of drops" Adduson. "A couple of miles." Dickens. "A couple of weeks." Carlyle. Adding one to one we have the complex idea of a couple. Locke. [Ziba] met him with a couple of asses saddled. 2 Sam. xvi. 1.

3. A male and female associated together; esp., a man and woman who are married or betrothed. Such were our couple, man and wife. Lloyd. Fair couple linked in happy, nuptial league. Milton.

4. (Arch.)

Defn: See Couple-close.

5. (Elec.)

Defn: One of the pairs of plates of two metals which compose a voltaic battery; — called a voltaic couple or galvanic couple.

6. (Mech.)

Defn: Two rotations, movements, etc., which are equal in amount but opposite in direction, and acting along parallel lines or around parallel axes.

Note: The effect of a couple of forces is to produce a rotation. A couple of rotations is equivalent to a motion of translation.

COUPLE
Cou"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coupled (kp"'ld); p. pr. & vb. n.
Coupling (-lng).] Etym: [F. coupler, fr. L. copulare. See Couple, n.,
and cf. Copulate, Cobble, v. ]

1. To link or tie, as one thing to another; to connect or fasten
together; to join.
Huntsman, I charge thee, tender well my hounds, . . . And couple
Clowder with the deep-mouthed brach. Shak.

2. To join in wedlock; to marry. [Colloq.] A parson who couples all our beggars. Swift.

COUPLE
Cou"ple, v. i.

Defn: To come together as male and female; to copulate. [Obs.]
Milton. Bacon.

COUPLE-BEGGAR
Cou"ple-beg`gar (-bg`gr), n.

Defn: One who makes it his business to marry beggars to each other.
Swift.

COUPLE-CLOSE
Cou"ple-close` (kp"-kls`), n.; pl. Couple-closes (-kl

1. (Her.)

Defn: A diminutive of the chevron, containing one fourth of its surface. Couple-closes are generally borne one on each side of a chevron, and the blazoning may then be either a chevron between two couple-closes or chevron cottised.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: A pair of rafters framed together with a tie fixed at their feet, or with a collar beam. [Engl.]

COUPLEMENT
Cou"ple*ment (kp"'l-ment), n. Etym: [Cf. OF. couplement.]

Defn: Union; combination; a coupling; a pair. [Obs.] Shak.
And forth together rode, a goodly couplement. Spenser.

COUPLER
Coup"ler (kp"lr), n.

Defn: One who couples; that which couples, as a link, ring, or shackle, to connect cars. Coupler of an organ, a contrivance by which any two or more of the ranks of keys, or keys and pedals, are connected so as to act together when the organ is played.

COUPLET Coup"let (-lt), n. Etym: [F. couplet, dim. of couple. See Couple, n. ]

Defn: Two taken together; a pair or couple; especially two lines of verse that rhyme with each other. A sudden couplet rushes on your mind. Crabbe.

COUPLING
Coup"ling (-lng), n.

1. The act of bringing or coming together; connection; sexual union.

2. (Mach.)

Defn: A device or contrivance which serves to couple or connect adjacent parts or objects; as, a belt coupling, which connects the ends of a belt; a car coupling, which connects the cars in a train; a shaft coupling, which connects the ends of shafts. Box coupling, Chain coupling. See under Box, Chain. — Coupling box, a coupling shaped like a journal box, for clamping together the ends of two shafts, so that they may revolve together. — Coupling pin, a pin or bolt used in coupling or joining together railroad cars, etc.

COUPON
Cou"pon (k"pn; F. k`pn"), n. Etym: [F., fr. couper to cut, cut off.
See Coppice.]

1. (Com.)

Defn: A certificate of interest due, printed at the bottom of transferable bonds (state, railroad, etc.), given for a term of years, designed to be cut off and presented for payment when the interest is due; an interest warrant.

2. A section of a ticket, showing the holder to be entitled to some specified accomodation or service, as to a passage over a designated line of travel, a particular seat in a theater, or the like.

COUPSTICK
Coup"stick` (koo"stik`), n. [Coup + stick.]

Defn: A stick or switch used among some American Indians in making or counting a coup.

COUPURE
Cou*pure" (k-pr"), n. Etym: [F., fr. couper to cut.] (Fort.)

Defn: A passage cut through the glacis to facilitate sallies by the besieged. Wilhelm.

COURAGE
Cour"age (kr"j;48), n. Etym: [OE. corage heart, mind, will, courage,
OF. corage, F. courage, fr. a LL. derivative of L. cor heart. See
Heart.]

1. The heart; spirit; temper; disposition. [Obs.] So priketh hem nature in here corages. Chaucer. My lord, cheer up your spirits; our foes are nigh, and this soft courage makes your followers faint. Shak.

2. Heart; inclination; desire; will. [Obs.] Chaucer. I'd such a courage to do him good. Shak.

3. That quality of mind which enables one to encounter danger and difficulties with firmness, or without fear, or fainting of heart; valor; boldness; resolution. The king-becoming graces . . . Devotion, patience, courage, fortitude, I have no relish of them. Shak. Courage that grows from constitution often forsakes a man when he has occasion for it. Addison.

Syn. — Heroism; bravery; intrepidity; valor; gallantry; daring; firmness; hardihood; boldness; dauntlessness; resolution. See Heroism. — Courage, Bravery, Fortitude, Intrepidity, Gallantry, Valor. Courage is that firmness of spirit and swell of soul which meets danger without fear. Bravery is daring and impetuous courage, like that of one who has the reward continually in view, and displays his courage in daring acts. Fortitude has often been styled "passive courage," and consist in the habit of encountering danger and enduring pain with a steadfast and unbroken spirit. Valor is courage exhibited in war, and can not be applied to single combats; it is never used figuratively. Intrepidity is firm, unshaken courage. Gallantry is adventurous courage, which courts danger with a high and cheerful spirit. A man may show courage, fortitude, or intrepidity in the common pursuits of life, as well as in war. Valor, bravery, and gallantry are displayed in the contest of arms. Valor belongs only to battle; bravery may be shown in single combat; gallantry may be manifested either in attack or defense; but in the latter ease, the defense is usually turned into an attack.

COURAGE
Cour"age, v. t.

Defn: To inspire with courage. [Obs.]
Paul writeth unto Timothy . . . to courage him. Tyndale.

COURAGEOUS
Cour*a"geous (kr-"js), a. Etym: [F. courageux.]

Defn: Possessing, or characterized by, courage; brave; bold. With this victory, the women became most courageous and proud, and the men waxed . . . fearful and desperate. Stow.

Syn.
— Gallant; brave; bold; daring; valiant; valorous; heroic;
intrepid; fearless; hardy; stout; adventurous; enterprising. See
Gallant.

COURAGEOUSLY
Cour*a"geous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a courageous manner.

COURAGEOUSNESS
Cour*a"geous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being courageous; courage.

COURANT Cou*rant" (k-rnt"), a. Etym: [F., p. pr. of courir to run, L. currere. Cf. Current.] (Her.)

Defn: Represented as running; — said of a beast borne in a coat of arms.

COURANT
Cou*rant" (k-rnt"), n. Etym: [F. courante, fr. courant, p. pr.]

1. A piece of music in triple time; also, a lively dance; a coranto.

2. A circulating gazette of news; a newspaper.

COURANTO
Cou*ran"to (-rn"t), n.

Defn: A sprightly dance; a coranto; a courant.

COURAP
Cou*rap" (k-rp), n. (Med.)

Defn: A skin disease, common in India, in which there is perpetual itching and eruption, esp. of the groin, breast, armpits, and face.

COURB
Courb (krb), a. Etym: [F. courbe, fr. L. curvus. See Curve, a.]

Defn: Curved; rounded. [Obs.]
Her neck is short, her shoulders courb. Gower.

COURB
Courb (krb), v. i. Etym: [F. courber. See Curs.]

Defn: To bend; to stop; to bow. [Obs.]
Then I courbed on my knees. Piers Plowman.

COURBARIL Cour"ba*ril (kr"b-rl), n. Etym: [F. courbaril, from a South American word.]

Defn: See Animé, n.

COURCHE
Courche (krsh), n. Etym: [Cf. Kerchief.]

Defn: A square piece of linen used formerly by women instead of a cap; a kerchief. [Scot.] [Written also curch.] Jamieson.

COURIER
Cou"ri*er (k"r-r), n. Etym: [F. courrier, fr. courre, courir, to run,
L. currere. See Course, Current.]

1. A messenger sent with haste to convey letters or dispatches, usually on public busuness. The wary Bassa . . . by speedy couriers, advertised Solyman of the enemy's purpose. Knolles.

2. An attendant on travelers, whose business it is to make arrangements for their convenience at hotels and on the way.

COURLAN
Cour"lan (kr"ln), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South American bird, of the genus Aramus, allied to the rails.

COURSE Course (krs), n. Etym: [F. cours, course, L. cursus, fr. currere to run. See Current.]

1. The act of moving from one point to another; progress; passage. And when we had finished our course from Tyre, we came to Ptolemais. Acts xxi. 7.

2. THe ground or path traversed; track; way. The same horse also run the round course at Newmarket. Pennant.

3. Motion, considered as to its general or resultant direction or to its goal; line progress or advance. A light by which the Argive squadron steers Their silent course to Ilium's well known shore. Dennham. Westward the course of empire takes its way. Berkeley.

4. Progress from point to point without change of direction; any part of a progress from one place to another, which is in a straight line, or on one direction; as, a ship in a long voyage makes many courses; a course measured by a surveyor between two stations; also, a progress without interruption or rest; a heat; as, one course of a race.

5. Motion considered with reference to manner; or derly progress; procedure in a certain line of thought or action; as, the course of an argument. The course of true love never did run smooth. Shak.

6. Customary or established sequence of evants; re currence of events according to natural laws. By course of nature and of law. Davies. Day and night, Seedtime and harvest, heat and hoary frost, Shall hold their course. Milton.

7. Method of procedure; manner or way of conducting; conduct;
behavior.
My lord of York commends the plot and the general course of the
action. Shak.
By perseverance in the course prescribed. Wodsworth.
You hold your course without remorse. Tennyson.

8. A series of motions or acts arranged in order; a succession of acts or practices connectedly followed; as, a course of medicine; a course of lectures on chemistry.

9. The succession of one to another in office or duty; order; turn. He appointed . . . the courses of the priests 2 Chron. viii. 14.

10. That part of a meal served at one time, with its accompaniments. He [Goldsmith] wore fine clothes, gave dinners of several courses, paid court to venal beauties. Macualay.

11. (Arch.)

Defn: A continuous level range of brick or stones of the same height throughout the face or faces of a building. Gwilt.

12. (Naut.)

Defn: The lowest sail on any mast of a square-rigged vessel; as, the fore course, main course, etc.

13. pl. (Physiol.)

Defn: The menses. In course, in regular succession.
— Of course, by consequence; as a matter of course; in regular or
natural order.
— In the course of, at same time or times during. "In the course of
human events." T. Jefferson.

Syn. — Way; road; route; passage; race; series; succession; manner; method; mode; career; progress.

COURSE
Course, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coursed (krst)); p. pr. & vb. n.
Coursing.]

1. To run, hunt, or chase after; to follow hard upon; to pursue. We coursed him at the heels. Shak.

2. To cause to chase after or pursue game; as, to course greyhounds after deer.

3. To run through or over. The bounding steed courses the dusty plain. Pope.

COURSE
Course, v. i.

1. To run as in a race, or in hunting; to pursue the sport of coursing; as, the sportsmen coursed over the flats of Lancashire.

2. To move with speed; to race; as, the blood courses through the veins. Shak.

COURSED
Coursed (krst), a.

1. Hunted; as, a coursed hare.

2. Arranged in courses; as, coursed masonry.

COURSER
Cours"er (krs"r), n. Etym: [F. coursier.]

1. One who courses or hunts. leash is a leathern thong by which . . . a courser leads his greyhound. Hanmer.

2. A swift or spirited horse; a racer or a war horse; a charger. [Poetic.] Pope.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A grallatorial bird of Europe (Cursorius cursor), remarkable for its speed in running. Sometimes, in a wider sense, applied to running birds of the Ostrich family.

COURSEY Cour"sey (kr"s), n. Etym: [Cf. OF. corsie, coursie, passage way to the stern. See Course, n. ] (Naut.)

Defn: A space in the galley; a part of the hatches. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

COURSING
Cours"ing (krs"ng), n.

Defn: The pursuit or running game with dogs that follow by sight
instead of by scent.
In coursing of a deer, or hart, with greyhounds. Bacon

COURT Court (krt), n. Etym: [OF. court, curt, cort, F. co, LL. cortis, fr. L. cohors, cors, chors, gen. cohortis, cortis, chortis, an inclosure, court, thing inclosed, crowd, throng; co- + a root akin to Gr. garden, yard, orchard. See Yard, and cf. Cohort, Curtain.]

1. An inclosed space; a courtyard; an uncovered area shut in by the walls of a building, or by different building; also, a space opening from a street and nearly surrounded by houses; a blind alley. The courts the house of our God. Ps. cxxxv. 2. And round the cool green courts there ran a row Cf cloisters. Tennyson. Goldsmith took a garret in a miserable court. Macualay.

2. The residence of a sovereign, prince, nobleman, or ether dignitary; a palace. Attends the emperor in his royal court. Shak. This our court, infected with their manners, Shows like a riotous inn. Shak.

3. The collective body of persons composing the retinue of a sovereign or person high in aithority; all the surroundings of a sovereign in his regal state. My lord, there is a nobleman of the court at door would speak with you. Shak. Love rules the court, the camp, the grove. Sir. W. Scott.

4. Any formal assembling of the retinue of a sovereign; as, to hold a court. The princesses held their court within the fortres. Macualay.

5. Attention directed to a person in power; conduct or address designed to gain favor; courtliness of manners; civility; compliment; flattery. No solace could her paramour intreat Her once to show, ne court, nor dalliance. Spenser. I went to make my court to the Dike and Duches of Newcastle. Evelyn.

6. (Law) (a) The hall, chamber, or place, where justice is administered. (b) The persons officially assembled under authority of law, at the appropriate time and place, for the administration of justice; an official assembly, legally met together for the transaction of judicial business; a judge or judges sitting for the hearing or trial of causes. (c) A tribunal established for the administration of justice. (d) The judge or judges; as distinguished from the counsel or jury, or both. Most heartily I do beseech the court To give the judgment. Shak.

7. The session of a judicial assembly.

8. Any jurisdiction, civil, military, or ecclesiastical.

9. A place arranged for playing the game of tennis; also, one of the
divisions of a tennis court. Christian court, the English
ecclesiastical courts in the aggregate, or any one of them.
— Court breeding, education acquired at court.
— Court card. Same as Coat card.
— Court circular, one or more paragraphs of news respecting the
sovereign and the royal family, together with the proceedings or
movements of the court generally, supplied to the newspapers by an
officer specially charged with such duty. [Eng.] Edwards.
— Court day, a day on which a court sits to administer justice.
— Court dress, the dress prescribed for appearance at the court of
a sovereign.
— Court fool, a buffoon or jester, formerly kept by princes and
nobles for their amusement.
— Court guide, a directory of the names and adresses of the
nobility and gentry in a town.
— Court hand, the hand or manner of writing used in records and
judicial proceedings. Shak.
— Court lands (Eng. Law), lands kept in demesne, — that is, for
the use of the lord and his family.
— Court marshal, one who acts as marshal for a court.
— Court party, a party attached to the court.
— Court rolls, the records of a court. SeeRoll.
— Court in banc, or Court in bank, The full court sitting at its
regular terms for the hearing of arguments upon questions of law, as
distinguished from a sitting at nisi prius.
— Court of Arches, audience, etc. See under Arches, Audience, etc.
— Court of Chancery. See Chancery, n.
— Court of Common pleas. (Law) See Common pleas, under Common.
— Court of Equity. See under Equity, and Chancery.
— Court of Inquiry (Mil.) , a court appointed to inquire into and
report on some military matter, as the conduct of an officer.
— Court of St. James, the usual designation of the British Court; -
- so called from the old palace of St. James, which is used for the
royal receptions, levees, and drawing-rooms.
— The court of the Lord, the temple at Jerusalem; hence, a church,
or Christian house of worship.
— General Court, the legislature of a State; — so called from
having had, in the colonial days, judical power; as, the General
Court of Massachusetts. [U.S.] — To pay one's court, to seek to gain
favor by attentions. "Alcibiades was assiduous in paying his court to
Tissaphernes." Jowett.
— To put out of court, to refuse further judicial hearing.

COURT
Court, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Courted; p. pr. & vb. n. Courting.]

1. To endeavor to gain the favor of by attention or flattery; to try to ingratiate one's self with. By one person, hovever, Portland was still assiduously courted. Macualay.

2. To endeavor to gain the affections of; to seek in marriage; to woo. If either of you both love Katharina . . . leave shall you have to court her at your pleasure. Shak.

3. To attempt to gain; to solicit; to seek.
They might almost seem to have courted the crown of martyrdem.
Prescott.
Guilt and misery . . . court privacy and silitude. De Quincey.

4. To invite by attractions; to allure; to attract. A well-worn pathway courted us To one green wicket in a privet hedge. Tennyson.

COURT
Court, v. i.

1. To play the lover; to woo; as, to go courting.

COURT-BARON
Court"-bar`on (-br`n), n. (Law)

Defn: An inferior court of civil jurisdiction, attached to a manor, and held by the steward; a baron's court; — now fallen into disuse.

COURTBRED
Court"bred` (-brd`), a.

Defn: Bred, or educated, at court; polished; courtly.

COURT-CRAFT
Court"-craft` (krt"krft`), n.

Defn: The artifices, intrigues, and plottings, at courts.

COURT-CUPBOARD
Court"-cup`board (-kb`brd), n.

Defn: A movable sideboard or buffet, on which plate and other articles of luxury were displayed on special ocasions. [Obs.] A way with the joint stools, remove the court-cupboard, look to the plate. Shak.

COURTELLE
Courtelle n.

Defn: a wool-like fabric.
[WordNet 1.5]

COURTEOUS Cour"te*ous (kr"t-s; 277), a. Etym: [OE. cortais, corteis, cortois, rarely corteous, OF. corties, corteis, F. courtois. See Court.]

Defn: Of courtlike manners; pertaining to, or exxpressive of, courtesy; characterized by courtesy; civil; obliging; well bred; polite; affable; complaisant. A patient and courteous bearing. Prescott. His behavior toward his people is grave and courteous. Fuller.

COURTEOUSLY
Cour"te*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a courteous manner.

COURTEOUSNESS
Cour"te*ous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being courteous; politeness; courtesy.

COURTEPY
Cour"te*py (kr"t-p), n. Etym: [D. kort short + pije a coarse cloth.]

Defn: A short coat of coarse cloth. [Obs.]
Full threadbare was his overeste courtepy. Chaucer.

COURTER
Court"er (krt"r), n.

Defn: One who courts; one who plays the lover, or who solicits in marriage; one who flatters and cajoles. Sherwood.

COURTESAN Cour"te*san (kr"t-zn; 277), n. Etym: [F. courtisane, fr. courtisan courtier, It. cortigiano; or directly fr. It. cortigiana, or Sp. cortesana. See Court.]

Defn: A woman who prostitutes herself for hire; a prostitute; a
harlot.
Lasciviously decked like a courtesan. Sir H. Wotton.

COURTESANSHIP
Cour"te*san*ship, n.

Defn: Harlotry.

COURTESY Cour"te*sy (kr"t-s), n.; pl. Courtesies (-s. Etym: [OE. cortaisie, corteisie, courtesie, OF. curteisie, cortoisie, OF. curteisie, cortoisie, F. courtoisie, fr. curteis, corteis. See Courteous.]

1. Politeness; civility; urbanity; courtliness. And trust thy honest-offered courtesy, With oft is sooner found in lowly sheds, With smoky rafters, than in tapestry walls And courts of princes, where it first was named, And yet is most pretended. Milton. Pardon me, Messer Claudio, if once more I use the ancient courtesies of speech. Longfellow.

2. An act of civility or respect; an act of kindness or favor performed with politeness. My lord, for your many courtesies I thank you. Shak.

3. Favor or indulgence, as distinguished from right; as, a title given one by courtesy. Courtesy title, a title assumed by a person, or popularly conceded to him, to which he has no valid claim; as, the courtesy title of Lord prefixed to the names of the younger sons of noblemen.

Syn.
— Politiness; urbanity; civility; complaisance; affability;
courteousness; elegance; refinement; courtliness; good breeding. See
Politeness.

COURTESY
Courte"sy (krt"s), n. Etym: [See the preceding word.]

Defn: An act of civility, respect, or reverence, made by women, consisting of a slight depression or dropping of the body, with bending of the kness. [Written also curtsy.] The lady drops a courtesy in token of obedience, and the ceremony proceeds as usual. Golgsmith.

COURTESY
Courte"sy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Courtesied (-sd);; p. pr. & vb. n.
Courtesyng.]

Defn: To make a respectful salutation or movement of respect; esp. (with reference to women), to bow the body slightly, with bending of the knes.

COURTESY
Courte"sy, v. t.

Defn: To treat with civility. [Obs.]

COURTHOUSE
Court"house`, n.

1. A house in which established courts are held, or a house appropriated to courts and public meetings. [U.S.]

2. A county town; — so called in Virginia and some others of the Southern States. Providence, the county town of Fairfax, is unknown by that name, and passes as Fairfax Court House. Barlett.

COURTIER
Court"ier (krt"yr), n. Etym: [From Court.]

1. One who is in attendance at the court of a prince; one who has an
appointment at court.
You know I am no courtier, nor versed in state affairs. Bacon.
This courtier got a frigate, and that a company. Macualay.

2. One who courts or solicits favor; one who flatters. There was not among all our princes a greater courtier of the people than Richard III. Suckling.

COURTIERY
Court"ier*y (-), n.

Defn: The manners of a courtier; courtliness. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

COURT-LEET
Court"-leet` (-lt`), n. (Eng. Law)

Defn: A court of record held once a year, in a particular hundred, lordship, or manor, before the steward of the leet. Blackstone.

COURTLIKE
Court"like` (-lk`), a.

Defn: After the manner of a court; elegant; polite; courtly.

COURTLINESS
Court"li*ness (-l-ns), n. Etym: [From Courtly.]

Defn: The quality of being courtly; elegance or dignity of manners.

COURTLING
Court"ling (-lng), n. Etym: [Court + -ling.]

Defn: A sycophantic courtier. B. Jonson.

COURTLY
Court"ly (-l), a. Etym: [From Court.]

1. Relating or belonging to a court.

2. Elegant; polite; courtlike; flattering. In courtly company or at my beads. Shak.

3. Disposed to favor the great; favoring the policy or party of the court; obsequious. Macualay.

COURTLY
Court"ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of courts; politely; gracefully; elegantly.
They can produce nothing so courtly writ. Dryden

COURT-MARTIAL
Court`-mar"tial (krt`mr"shal), n.; pl. Courts-martial (k.

Defn: A court consisting of military or naval officers, for the trial of one belonging to the army or navy, or of offenses against military or naval law.

COURT-MARTIAL Court`-mar"tial, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Court-martialed (-shald); p. pr. & vb. n. Court-martialing.]

Defn: To subject to trial by a court-martial.

COURT-PLASTER
Court"-plas`ter (krt"pls`tr), n.

Defn: Sticking plaster made by coating taffeta or silk on one side with some adhesive substance, commonly a mixture of isinglass and glycerin.

COURTSHIP
Court"ship (krt"shp), n.

1. The act of paying court, with the intent to solicit a favor. Swift.

2. The act of wooing in love; solicitation of woman to marriage. This method of courtship, [by which] both sides are prepared for all the matrimonial adventures that are to follow. Goldsmith.

3. Courtliness; elegance of manners; courtesy. [Obs.] Trim gallants, full of courtship and of state. Shak.

4. Court policy; the character of a courtier; artifice of a court; court-craft; finesse. [Obs.] She [the Queen] being composed of courtship and Popery. Fuller.

COURT TENNIS
Court" ten"nis (krt" tn"ns).

Defn: See under Tennis.

COURTYARD
Court"yard (krt"yrd`), n.

Defn: A court or inclosure attached to a house.

COUSCOUS
Cous"cous` (ks"ks`), n.

Defn: A kind of food used by the natives of Western Africa, made of millet flour with flesh, and leaves of the baobab; — called also lalo.

COUSCOUSOU
Cous`cou*sou" (ks`k-s"), n.

Defn: A favorite dish in Barbary. See Couscous.

COUSIN Cous"in (kz"'n), n. Etym: [F. cousin, LL. cosinus, cusinus, contr. from L. consobrinus the child of a mother's sister, cousin; con- + sobrinus a cousin by the mother's side, a form derived fr. soror (forsosor) sister. See Sister, and cf. Cozen, Coz.]

1. One collaterally related more remotely than a brother or sister; especially, the son or daughter of an uncle or aunt.

Note: The children of brothers and sisters are usually denominated first cousins, or cousins-german. In the second generation, they are called second cousins. See Cater-cousin, and Quater-cousin. Thou art, great lord, my father's sister's son, A cousin-german to great Priam's seed. Shak.

2. A title formerly given by a king to a nobleman, particularly to those of the council. In English writs, etc., issued by the crown, it signifies any earl. My noble lords and cousins, all, good morrow. Shak.

COUSIN
Cous"in, n.

Defn: Allied; akin. [Obs.] Chaucer.

COUSINAGE
Cous"in*age (-j), n. Etym: [F. cousinage, OF., also, cosinage. Cf.
Cosinage, Cozenage.]

Defn: Relationship; kinship. [Obs.] Wyclif.

COUSIN-GERMAN
Cous"in-ger"man (-jr"man), n. Etym: [Cousin + german closely akin.]

Defn: A first cousin. See Note under Cousin, 1.

COUSINHOOD
Cous"in*hood (-hd), n.

Defn: The state or condition of a cousin; also, the collective body of cousins; kinsfolk.

COUSINLY
Cous"in*ly, a.

Defn: Like or becoming a cousin.

COUSINRY
Cous"in*ry (kz"'n-r), n.

Defn: A body or collection of cousins; the whole number of persons who stand in the relation of cousins to a given person or persons.

COUSINSHIP
Cous"in*ship, n.

Defn: The relationship of cousins; state of being cousins; cousinhood. G. Eliot.

COUSSINET Cous"si*net` (ks"s-nt`), n. Etym: [F., dim. of coussin cushion. See Cushionet.] (Arch.) (a) A stone placed on the impost of a pier for receiving the first stone of an arch. (b) That part of the Ionic capital between the abacus and quarter round, which forms the volute. Gwilt.

COUTEAU
Cou*teau" (k-t"), n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A knife; a dagger.

COUTH
Couth (kth), imp. & p. p. of Can. Etym: [See Can, and cf. Uncouth.]

Defn: Could; was able; knew or known; understood. [Obs.] Above all other one Daniel He loveth, for he couth well Divine, that none other couth; To him were all thing couth, As he had it of God's grace. Gower.

COUVADE
Cou`vade" (k`vd"), n. Etym: [F., fr. couver. See Covey.]

Defn: A custom, among certain barbarous tribes, that when a woman gives birth to a child her husband takes to his bed, as if ill. The world-wide custom of the couvade, where at childbirth the husband undergoes medical treatment, in many cases being put to bed for days. Tylor.

COUVEUSE
Cou`veuse", n. [F.] (Med.)

Defn: An incubator for sickly infants, esp. those prematurely born.

COVARIANT
Co*va"ri*ant (k-v"r-ant), n. (Higher Alg.)

Defn: A function involving the coefficients and the variables of a quantic, and such that when the quantic is lineally transformed the same function of the new variables and coefficients shall be equal to the old function multiplied by a factor. An invariant is a like function involving only the coefficients of the quantic.

COVE Cove (kv), n. Etym: [AS. cofa room; akin to G. koben pigsty, orig., hut, Icel kofi hut, and perh. to E. cobalt.]

1. A retired nook; especially, a small, sheltered inlet, creek, or bay; a recess in the shore. Vessels which were in readiness for him within secret coves and nooks. Holland.

2. A strip of prairie extending into woodland; also, a recess in the side of a mountain. [U.S.]

3. (Arch.) (a) A concave molding. (b) A member, whose section is a concave curve, used especially with regard to an inner roof or ceiling, as around a skylight.

COVE
Cove, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coved (kvd); p. pr. & vb. n. Coving.]
(Arch.)

Defn: To arch over; to build in a hollow concave form; to make in the
form of a cove.
The mosques and other buildings of the Arabians are rounded into
domes and coved roofs. H. Swinburne.
Coved ceiling, a ceiling, the part of which next the wail is
constructed in a cove.
— Coved vault, a vault composed of four coves meeting in a central
point, and therefore the reverse of a groined vault.

COVE
Cove, v. t. Etym: [CF. F. couver, It. covare. See Covey.]

Defn: To brood, cover, over, or sit over, as birds their eggs. [Obs.] Not being able to cove or sit upon them [eggs], she [the female tortoise] bestoweth them in the gravel. Holland.

COVE
Cove, n. Etym: [A gypsy word, covo that man, covi that woman.]

Defn: A boy or man of any age or station. [Slang]
There's a gentry cove here. Wit's Recreations (1654).
Now, look to it, coves, that all the beef and drink Be not filched
from us. Mrs. Browning.

COVELLINE; COVELLITE Co*vel"line (k-vl"ln), Co*vel"lite (-lt), n. Etym: [After Covelli, the discoverer.] (Min.)

Defn: A native sulphide of copper, occuring in masses of a dark blue color; — hence called indigo copper.

COVENABLE
Cov"e*na*ble (kv"-n-b'l), a. Etym: [OF. covenable, F. convenable. See
Covenant.]

Defn: Fit; proper; suitable. [Obs.] "A covenable day." Wyclif (Mark vi. 21).

COVENABLY
Cov"e*na*bly (kv"-n-bly), adv.

Defn: Fitly; suitably. [Obs.] "Well and covenably." Chaucer.

COVENANT Cov"e*nant (kv"-nant), n. Etym: [OF. covenant, fr. F. & OF. convenir to agree, L. convenire. See Convene.]

1. A mutual agreement of two or more persons or parties, or one of the stipulations in such an agreement. Then Jonathan and David made a covenant. 1 Sam. xviiii. 3. Let there be covenants drawn between us. Shak. If we conclude a peace, It shall be with such strict and severe covenants As little shall the Frenchmen gain thereby. Shak.

2. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: An agreement made by the Scottish Parliament in 1638, and by the English Parliament in 1643, to preserve the reformed religion in Scotland, and to extirpate popery and prelacy; — usually called the "Solemn League and Covenant." He [Wharton] was born in the days of the Covenant, and was the heir of a covenanted house. Macualay.

3. (Theol.)

Defn: The promises of God as revealed in the Scriptures, conditioned on certain terms on the part of man, as obedience, repentance, faith, etc. I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee, and to thy seed after thee. Gen. xvii. 7.

4. A solemn compact between members of a church to maintain its faith, discipline, etc.

5. (Law) (a) An undertaking, on sufficient consideration, in writing and under seal, to do or to refrain from some act or thing; a contract; a stipulation; also, the document or writing containing the terms of agreement. (b) A form of action for the violation of a promise or contract under seal.

Syn. — Agreement; contract; compact; bargain; arrangement; stipulation. — Covenant, Contract, Compact, Stipulation. These words all denote a mutual agreement between two parties. Covenant is frequently used in a religious sense; as, the covenant of works or of grace; a church covenant; the Solemn League and Covenant. Contract is the word most used in the business of life. Crabb and Taylor are wrong in saying that a contract must always be in writing. There are oral and implied contracts as well as written ones, and these are equally enforced by law. In legal usage, the word covenant has an important place as connected with contracts. A compact is only a stronger and more solemn contract. The term is chiefly applied to political alliances. Thus, the old Confederation was a compact between the States. Under the present Federal Constitution, no individual State can, without consent of Congress, enter into a compact with any other State or foreign power. A stipulation is one of the articles or provisions of a contract.

COVENANT
Cov"e*nant (kv"-nnt), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Covenanted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Covenanting.]

Defn: To agree (with); to enter into a formal agreement; to bind one's self by contract; to make a stipulation. Jupiter covenanted with him, that it should be hot or cold, wet or dry, . . . as the tenant should direct. L'Estrange. And they covenanted with him for thyrty pieces of silver. Matt. xxvi. 15.

Syn.
— To agree; contract; bargain; stipulate.

COVENANT
Cov"e*nant, v. t.

Defn: To grant or promise by covenant.
My covenant of peace that I covenanted with you. Wyclif.

COVENANTEE
Cov`e*nan*tee" (kv`-nan-t"), n. (Law)

Defn: The person in whose favor a covenant is made.

COVENANTER
Cov"e*nant*er (kv"-nnt-r), n.

1. One who makes a covenant.

2. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One who subscribed and defended the "Solemn League and
Covenant." See Covenant.

COVENANTING
Cov"e*nant*ing, a.

Defn: Belonging to a covenant. Specifically, belonging to the Scotch
Covenanters.
Be they covenanting traitors, Or the brood of false Argyle Aytoun.

COVENANTOR
Cov"e*nant*or` (-r`), n. (Law)

Defn: The party who makes a covenant. Burrill.

COVENOUS
Cov"e*nous (kv"-ns), a.

Defn: See Covinous, and Covin.

COVENT
Cov"ent (kv"ent), n. Etym: [OF. covent, F. couvent. See Convent.]

Defn: A convent or monastery. [Obs.] Bale. Covent Garden, a large square in London, so called because originally it was the garden of a monastery.

COVENTRY
Cov"en*try (kv"en-tr), n.

Defn: A town in the county of Warwick, England. To send to Coventry,
to exclude from society; to shut out from social intercourse, as for
ungentlemanly conduct.
— Coventry blue, blue thread of a superior dye, made at Coventry,
England, and used for embroidery.

COVER Cov"er (kv"r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Covered (-rd); p. pr. & vb. n. Covering.] Etym: [OF. covrir, F. couvrir, fr. L. cooperire; co- + operire to cover; probably fr. ob towards, over + the root appearing in aperire to open. Cf. Aperient, Overt, Curfew.]

1. To overspread the surface of (one thing) with another; as, to cover wood with paint or lacquer; to cover a table with a cloth.

2. To envelop; to clothe, as with a mantle or cloak. And with the majesty of darkness round Covers his throune. Milton. All that beauty than doth cover thee. Shak.

3. To invest (one's self with something); to bring upon (one's self); as, he covered himself with glory. The powers that covered themselves with everlasting infamy by the partition of Poland. Brougham.

4. To hide sight; to conceal; to cloak; as, the snemy were covered from our sight by the woods. A cloud covered the mount. Exod. xxiv. 15. In vain shou striv'st to cover shame with shame. Milton.

5. To brood or sit on; to incubate. While the hen is covering her eggs, the male . . . diverts her with his songs. Addison.

6. To overwhelm; to spread over. The waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen. Ex. xiv. 28.

7. To shelter, as from evil or danger; to protect; to defend; as, the cavalry covered the retreat. His calm and blameless life Does with substantial blessedness abound, And the soft wings of peace cover him round. Cowley.

8. To remove from remembrance; to put away; to remit."Blessed is he whose is covered." Ps. xxxii. 1.

9. To extend over; to be sufficient for; to comprehend, include, or embrace; to account for or solve; to counterbalance; as, a mortgage which fully covers a sum loaned on it; a law which covers all possible cases of a crime; receipts than do not cover expenses.

10. To put the usual covering or headdress on. Cover thy head . . . ; nay, prithee, be covered. Shak.

11. To copulate with (a female); to serve; as. a horse covers a mare; — said of the male. To cover ground or distance, to pass over; as, the rider covered the ground in an hour. — To cover one's short contracts (Stock Exchange), to buy stock when the market rises, as a dealer who has sold short does in order to protect himself. — Covering party (Mil.), a detachment of troops sent for the protection of another detachment, as of men working in the trenches. — To cover into, to transfer to; as, to cover into the treasury.

Syn.
— To shelter; screen; shield; hide; overspread.

COVER
Cov"er (kv"r), n.

1. Anything which is laid, set, or spread, upon, about, or over, another thing; an envelope; a lid; as, the cover of a book.

2. Anything which weils or conceals; a screen; disguise; a cloack. "Under cover of the night." Macualay. A hendsome cover for imperfections. Collier.

3. Shelter; protection; as, the troops fought under cover of the batteries; the woods afforded a good cover. Being compelled to lodge in the field . . . whilst his army was under cover, they might be forced to retire. Clarendon.

4. (Huntig)

Defn: The woods, underbrush, etc., which shelter and conceal game; covert; as, to beat a cover; to ride to cover.

5. That portion of a slate, tile, or shingle, which is hidden by the overlap of the course above. Knight.

6. (Steam Engine)

Defn: The lap of a slide valve.

7. Etym: [Cf. F. couvert.]

Defn: A tablecloth, and the other table furniture; esp., the table furniture for the use of one person at a meal; as, covers were laid for fifty guests. To break cover, to start from a covert or lair; — said of game. — Under cover, in an envelope, or within a letter; — said of a written message. Letters . . . dispatched under cover to her ladyship. Thackeray.

COVER
Cov"er, v. i.

Defn: To spread a table for a meal; to prepare a banquet. [Obs.]
Shak.

COVERAGE
Cov"er*age, n.

Defn: The aggregate of risks covered by the terms of a contract of insurance.

COVERCHIEF
Cov"er*chief (chf), n. Etym: [See Kerchef.]

Defn: A covering for the head. [Obs.] Chaucer.

COVERCLE Cov"er*cle (kv"r-k'l), n. Etym: [OF. covercle, F. couvercle, fr. L. coöperculum fr. coöperire. See cover]

Defn: A small cover; a lid. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

COVER CROP
Cov"er crop.

Defn: A catch crop planted, esp. in orchards. as a protection to the soil in winter, as well as for the benefit of the soil when plowed under in spring.

COVERED
Cov"ered (kv"rd), a.

Defn: Under cover; screened; sheltered; not exposed; hidden. Covered way (Fort.), a corridor or banquette along the top of the counterscarp and covered by an embankment whose slope forms the glacis. It gives the garrisonn an open line of communication around the works, and a standing place beyond the ditch. See Illust. of Ravelin.

COVERER
Cov"er*er (-r), n.

Defn: One who, or that which, covers.

COVERING
Cov"er*ing, n.

Defn: Anything which covers or conceals, as a roof, a screen, a
wrapper, clothing, etc.
Noah removed the covering of the ark. Gen. viii. 13.
They cause the naked to lodge without clothing, that they have no
covering in the cold. Job. xxiv. 7.
A covering over the well's mouth. 2 Sam. xvii. 19.

COVERLET Cov"er*let (kv"r-lt), n. Etym: [F. couvre-lit; couvrir to cover + lit bed, fr. L. lectus bed. See Cover.]

Defn: The uppermost cover of a bed or of any piece of furniture. Lay her in lilies and in violets . . . And odored sheets and arras coverlets. Spenser.

COVERLID
Cov"er*lid (-ld), n.

Defn: A coverlet.
All the coverlid was clocth of gold. Tennyson.

COVER-POINT
Cov"er-point` (-point!), n.

Defn: The fielder in the games of cricket and lacrosse who supports "point."

COVERSED SINE Co*versed" sine (k-vrst" sn`). Etym: [Co- (=co- in co- sine) + versed sine.] (Geom.)

Defn: The versed sine of the complement of an arc or angle. See
Illust. of Functions.

COVER-SHAME
Cov"er-shame` (-shm`), n.

Defn: Something used to conceal infamy. [Obs.] Dryden.

COVERSIDE
Cov"er*side`, n.

Defn: A region of country having covers; a hunting country.

COVERT
Cov"ert (kv"rt), a. Etym: [OF. covert, F. couvert, p. p. of couvrir.
See Cover, v. t.]

1. Covered over; private; hid; secret; disguised. How covert matters may be best disclosed. Shak. Whether of open war or covert guile. Milton

2. Sheltered; not open or exposed; retired; protected; as, a covert nook. Wordsworth. Of either side the green, to plant a covert alley. Bacon.

3. (Law)

Defn: Under cover, authority or protection; as, a feme covert, a married woman who is considered as being under the protection and control of her husband. Covert way, (Fort.) See Covered way, under Covered.

Syn. — Hidden; secret; private; covered; disguised; insidious; concealed. See Hidden.

COVERT
Cov"ert, n. Etym: [OF. See Covert, a.]

1. A place that covers and protects; a shelter; a defense. A tabernacle . . . for a covert from storm. Is. iv. 6. The highwayman has darted from his covered by the wayside. Prescott.

2. Etym: [Cf. F. couverte.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the special feathers covering the bases of the quills of the wings and tail of a bird. See Illust. of Bird.

COVERT BARON
Cov"ert bar`on (br`n). (Law)

Defn: Under the protection of a husband; married. Burrill.

COVERTLY
Cov"ert*ly, adv.

Defn: Secretly; in private; insidiously.

COVERTNESS
Cov"ert*ness (kv"rt-ns), n.

Defn: Secrecy; privacy. [R.]

COVERTURE
Cov"er*ture (kv"r-tr; 135), n. Etym: [OF. coverture,F.couverture.]

1. Covering; shelter; defence; hiding. Protected by walls or other like coverture. Woodward. Beatrice, who even now Is couched in the woodbine coverture. Shak.

2. (Law)

Defn: The condition of a woman during marriage, because she is considered under the cover, influence, power, and protection of her husband, and therefore called a feme covert, or femme couverte.

COVET
Cov"et (kv"t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Covered; p. pr. & vb. n.
Coveting.] Etym: [OF. coveitier, covoitier, F. convoiter, from a
derivative fr. L. cupere to desire; cf. Skr. kup to become excited.
Cf. Cupidity.]

1. To wish for with eagerness; to desire possession of; — used in a
good sen
Covet earnestly the best gifts. 1. Cor. xxii. 31.
If it be a sin to covet honor, I am the most offending soul alive.
Shak.

2. To long for inordinately or unlawfully; to hanker after (something forbidden). Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house. Ex. xx. 17.

Syn: To long for; desire; hanker after; crave.

COVET
Cov"et, v. i.

Defn: To have or indulge inordinate desire. Which [money] while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith. 1 Tim. vi. 10.

COVETABLE
Cov"et*a*ble (kv"t—b'l), a.

Defn: That may be coveted; desirable.

COVETER
Cov"et*er (-r), n.

Defn: One who covets.

COVETISE Cov"et*ise (-s), n. Etym: [OF. coveitise, F. convoitise. See Covet, v. t. ]

Defn: Avarice. [Obs.] Spenser.

COVETIVENESS
Cov"et*ive*ness (-v-), n. (Phren.)

Defn: Acquisitiveness.

COVETOUS
Cov"et*ous (kv"t-s), a. Etym: [OF. coveitos, F. convoiteux. See
Covet, v. t.]

1. Very desirous; eager to obtain; — used in a good sense. [Archaic] Covetous of wisdom and fair virtue. Shak. Covetous death bereaved us all, To aggrandize one funeral. Emerson.

2. Inordinately desirous; excessively eager to obtain and possess (esp. money); avaricious; — in a bad sense. The covetous person lives as if the world were madealtogether for him, and not he for the world. South.

Syn.
— Avaricious; parsimonious; penurious; misrely; niggardly. See
Avaricious.

COVETOUSLY
Cov"et*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a covetous manner.

COVETOUSNESS
Cov"et*ous*ness, n.

1. Strong desire. [R.] When workmen strive to do better than well, They do confound their skill in covetousness. Shak.

2. A strong or inordinate desire of obtaining and possessing some supposed good; excessive desire for riches or money; — in a bad sense. Covetousness, by a greed of getting more, deprivess itself of the true end of getting. Sprat.

Syn.
— Avarice; cupidity; eagerness.

COVEY
Cov"ey (kv"), n. Etym: [OF. cov, F. couv, fr. cover, F. couver, to
sit or brood on, fr. L. cubare to lie down; cf. E. incubate. See
Cubit, and cf. Cove to brood.]

1. A brood or hatch of birds; an old bird with her brood of young; hence, a small flock or number of birds together; — said of game; as, a covey of partridges. Darwin.

2. A company; a bevy; as, a covey of girls. Addison.

COVEY
Cov"ey, v. i.

Defn: To brood; to incubate. [Obs.]
[Tortoises] covey a whole year before they hatch. Holland.

COVEY
Cov"ey, n.

Defn: A pantry. [Prov. Eng.] Parker.

COVIN
Cov"in (kv"n), n. Etym: [OF. covine, covaine, fr. covenir to agree.
See Covenant.]

1. (Law)

Defn: A collusive agreement between two or more persons to prejudice a third.

2. Deceit; fraud; artifice. [Obs.] Chaucer.

COVING Cov"ing, n. (Arch.) (a) A cove or series of coves, as the concaved surface under the overhang of a projecting upper story. (b) The splayed jambs of a flaring fireplace.

COVINOUS
Cov"in*ous (kv"n-s), a. (Law)

Defn: Deceitful; collusive; fraudulent; dishonest.

COW
Cow (kou), n. Etym: [See Cowl a hood.]

Defn: A chimney cap; a cowl

COW Cow, n.; pl. Cows (kouz); old pl. Kine (k. Etym: [OE. cu, cou, AS. c; akin to D. koe, G. kuh, OHG. kuo, Icel. k, Dan. & Sw. ko, L. bos ox, cow, Gr. g. sq. root223. Cf. Beef, Bovine, Bucolic, Butter, Nylghau.]

1. The mature female of bovine animals.

2. The female of certain large mammals, as whales, seals, etc.

COW
Cow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cowed (koud);; p. pr. & vb. n. Cowing.]
Etym: [Cf. Icel. kuga, Sw. kufva to check, subdue, Dan. kue. Cf.
Cuff, v. t.]

Defn: To depress with fear; to daunt the spirits or courage of; to
overawe.
To vanquish a people already cowed. Shak.
THe French king was cowed. J. R. Green.

COW
Cow, n. Etym: [Prob. from same root as cow, v.t.] (Mining)

Defn: A wedge, or brake, to check the motion of a machine or car; a chock. Knight.

COWAGE
Cow"age (kou1j), n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Cowhage.

COWALKER
Co`walk"er, n.

Defn: A phantasmic or "astral" body deemed to be separable from the physical body and capable of acting independently; a doppelgänger.

COWAN
Cow"an (kou"an), n. Etym: [Cf. OF. couillon a coward, a cullion.]

Defn: One who works as a mason without having served a regular apprenticeship. [Scot.]

Note: Among Freemasons, it is a cant term for pretender, interloper.

COWARD Cow"ard (kou"rd), a. Etym: [OF. couard, coard, coart, n. and adj., F. couard, fr. OF. coe, coue, tail, F. queue (fr. L. coda, a form of cauda tail) + -ard; orig., short-tailed, as an epithet of the hare, or perh., turning tail, like a scared dog. Cf. Cue, Queue, Caudal.]

1. (Her.)

Defn: Borne in the escutcheon with his tail doubled between his legs; — said of a lion.

2. Destitute of courage; timid; cowardly. Fie, coward woman, and soft-hearted wretch. Shak.

3. Belonging to a coward; proceeding from, or expressive of, base
fear or timidity.
He raised the house with loud and coward cries. Shak.
Invading fears repel my coward joy. Proir.

COWARD
Cow"ard, n.

Defn: A person who lacks courage; a timid or pusillanimous person; a
poltroon.
A fool is nauseous, but a coward worse. Dryden.

Syn.
— Craven; poltroon; dastard.

COWARD
Cow"ard, v. t.

Defn: To make timoroys; to frighten. [Obs.]
That which cowardeth a man's heart. Foxe.

COWARDICE
Cow"ard*ice (-s), n. Etym: [F. couardise, fr. couard. See Coward.]

Defn: Want of courage to face danger; extreme timidity;
pusillanimity; base fear of danger or hurt; lack of spirit.
The cowardice of doing wrong. Milton.
Moderation was despised as cowardice. Macualay.

COWARDIE
Cow"ard*ie (kou"rd-), n. Etym: [OF. couardie.]

Defn: Cowardice. [Obs.]

COWARDISH
Cow"ard*ish, a.

Defn: Cowardly. [Obs.] " A base and a cowardish mind." Robynson
(More's Utopia).

COWARDIZE
Cow"ard*ize (-, v. t.

Defn: To render cowardly. [Obs.]
God . . . cowardizeth . . . insolent spirits. Bp. Hall.

COWARDLINESS
Cow"ard*li*ness (-l-ns), n.

Defn: Cowardice.

COWARDLY
Cow"ard*ly, a.

1. Wanting courage; basely or weakly timid or fearful; pusillanimous; spiritless. The cowardly rascals that ran from the battle. Shak.

2. Proceeding from fear of danger or other consequences; befitting a coward; dastardly; base; as, cowardly malignity. Macualay. The cowardly rashness of those who dare not look danger in the face. Burke.

Syn. — Timid; fearful; timorous; dastardly; pusillanimous; recreant; craven; faint-hearted; chicken-hearted; white-livered.

COWARDLY
Cow"ard*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a coward. Spenser.

COWARDSHIP
Cow"ard*ship, n.

Defn: Cowardice. [Obs.] Shak.

COWBANE
Cow"bane` (kou"bn`), n. (Bot.)

Defn: A poisonous umbelliferous plant; in England, the Cicuta virosa; in the United States, the Cicuta maculata and the Archemora rigida. See Water hemlock.

COWBERRY
Cow"ber`ry (-br`r), n.; pl. Cowberries (-r. (Bot.)

Defn: A species of Vaccinium (V. Vitis-id), which bears acid red berries which are sometimes used in cookery; — locally called mountain cranberry.

COWBIRD
Cow"bird` (-brd`), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The cow blackbird (Molothrus ater), an American starling. Like the European cuckoo, it builds no nest, but lays its eggs in the nests of other birds; — so called because frequently associated with cattle.

COWBLAKES
Cow"blakes` (-blks`), n. pl.

Defn: Dried cow dung used as fuel.[Prov. Eng.] Simmonds.

COWBOY
Cow"boy` (-boi`), n.

1. A cattle herder; a drover; specifically, one of an adventurous class of herders and drovers on the plains of the Western and Southwestern United States.

2. One of the marauders who, in the Revolutionary War infested the neutral ground between the American and British lines, and committed depredations on the Americans.

COWCATCHER
Cow"catch`er (-kch`r), n.

Defn: A strong inclined frame, usually of wrought-iron bars, in front of a locomotive engine, for catching or throwing off obstructions on a railway, as cattle; the pilot. [U.S.]

COWDIE
Cow"die (kou"d), n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Kauri.

COWER
Cow"er (-r), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cowered (-rd);p. pr. & vb. n.
Cowering.] Etym: [Cf. Icel. kera to doze, liequiet, Sw. kura, Dan.
kure, G. kauern to cower, W. cwrian.]

Defn: To stoop by bending the knees; to crouch; to squat; hence, to
quail; to sink through fear.
Our dame sits cowering o'er a kitchen fire. Dryden.
Like falcons, cowering on the nest. Goldsmith.

COWER
Cow"er (kou"r), v. t.

Defn: To cherish with care. [Obs.]

COWFISH Cow"fish` (-fch`), n. (Zoöl.) (a) The grampus. (b) A California dolphin (Tursiops Gillii). (c) A marine plectognath fish (Ostracoin quadricorne, and allied species), having two projections, like horns, in front; — called also cuckold, coffer fish, trunkfish.

COWHAGE
Cow"hage (kou"hj), n. Etym: [Cf. Hind. kaw, ko.] (Bot.)

Defn: A leguminous climbing plant of the genus Mucuna, having crooked pods covered with sharp hairs, which stick to the fingers, causing intolerable itching. The spiculæ are sometimes used in medicine as a mechanical vermifuge. [Written also couhage, cowage, and cowitch.]

COWHEARTED
Cow"heart`ed (-hrt`d), a.

Defn: Cowardly. The Lady Powis . . . patted him with her fan, and called him a cowhearted fellow. R. North.

COWHERD
Cow"herd` (-hrd`), n. Etym: [AS. c; c cow + hyrde a herder.]

Defn: One whose occupation is to tend cows.

COWHIDE
Cow"hide` (-hd`), n.

1. The hide of a cow.

2. Leather made of the hide of a cow.

3. A coarse whip made of untanned leather.

COWHIDE
Cow"hide`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cowhided; p. pr. & vb. n. Cowhiding.]

Defn: To flog with a cowhide.

COWISH
Cow"ish (kou"sh), a. Etym: [From Cow, v. t.]

Defn: Timorous; fearful; cowardly. [R.] Shak.

COWISH
Cow"ish, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An umbelliferous plant (Peucedanum Cous) with edible tuberous roots, found in Oregon. [Written also cous.]

COWITCH
Cow"itch (kou"ch; 224), n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Cowhage.

COWL Cowl (koul), n. Etym: [AS cuhle, cugle, cugele; cf. dial. G. kogel, gugel, OF. coule, goule; all fr. LL. cuculla, cucullus, fr. L. cucullus cap, hood; perh. akin to celare to conceal, cella cell. Cf. Cucullate.]

1. A monk's hood; — usually attached to the gown. The nname was also applied to the hood and garment together. What differ more, you cry, than crown and cowl Pope.

2. A cowl-shaped cap, commonly turning with the wind, used to improve the draft of a chimney, ventilatingshaft, etc.

3. A wire cap for the smokestack of a locomotive.

COWL
Cowl, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. cuvele, cuvel, dim. of F. cuve tub, vat, fr.
L. cupa. See Cup.]

Defn: A vessel carried on a pole between two persons, for conveyance of water. Johnson.

COWLED
Cowled (kould), a.

Defn: Wearing a cowl; hooded; as, a cowled monk. "That cowled churchman." Emerson.

COWLEECH
Cow"leech` (kou"lch`), n. Etym: [2d cow + leech a physician.]

Defn: One who heals disease of cows; a cow doctor.

COWLEECHING
Cow"leech`ing, n.

Defn: Healing the distemper of cows.

COWLICK
Cow"lick` (-lk`), n.

Defn: A tuft of hair turned up or awry (usually over the forehead), as if licked by a cow.

COWLIKE
Cow"like` (-lk`), a.

Defn: Resembling a cow.
With cowlike udders and with oxlike eyes. Pope.

COWLSTAFF
Cowl"staff` (koul"stf`), n. Etym: [Cowl a vessel + staff.]

Defn: A staff or pole on which a vessel is supported between two persons. Suckling.

COWORKER
Co`work"er (k`wrk"r), n.

Defn: One who works with another; a co

COW PARSLEY
Cow" pars`ley (kou` prs`l). (Bot.)

Defn: An umbelliferous plant of the genus Chærophyllum (C. temulum and C. sylvestre).

COW PARSNIP
Cow" pars`nip (-np). (Bot.)

Defn: A coarse umbelliferous weed of the genus Heracleum (H. sphondylium in England, and H. lanatum in America).

COWPEA
Cow"pea` (-p`), n.

Defn: The seed of one or more leguminous plants of the genus Dolichos; also, the plant itself. Many varieties are cultivated in the southern part of the United States.

COWPER'S GLANDS
Cow"per's glands` (kou"prz glndz`). Etym: [After the discoverer,
William Cowper, an English surgeon.] (Anat.)

Defn: Two small glands discharging into the male urethra.

COW-PILOT
Cow"-pi`lot (kou"p`lt), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A handsomely banded, coral-reef fish, of Florida and the West
Indies (Pomacentrus saxatilis); — called also mojarra.

COWPOCK
Cow"pock` (-pk`), n.

Defn: See Cowpox. Dunglison.

COWPOX
Cow"pox` (—pks`), n. (Med.)

Defn: A pustular eruptive disease of the cow, which, when communicated to the human system, as by vaccination, protects from the smallpox; vaccinia; — called also kinepox, cowpock, and kinepock. Dunglison.

COWQUAKE
Cow"quake` (-kwk`), n. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants (Briza); quaking grass.

COWRIE
Cow"rie (-r), n. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Kauri.

COWRIE; COWRY
Cow"rie Cow"ry (kou"r), n.; pl. Cowries (-r. Etym: [Hind. kaur.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A marine shell of the genus Cypræa.

Note: There are numerous species, many of them ornamental. Formerly
C. moneta and several other species were largely used as money in
Africa and some other countries, and they are still so used to some
extent. The value is always trifling, and varies at different places.

COWSLIP
Cow"slip` (-slp`), n. Etym: [AS. c, c, prob. orig., cow's droppings.
Cf. Slop, n.] (Bot.)

1. A common flower in England (Primula veris) having yellow blossoms and appearing in early spring. It is often cultivated in the United States.

2. In the United States, the marsh marigold (Caltha palustris), appearing in wet places in early spring and often used as a pot herb. It is nearer to a buttercup than to a true cowslip. See Illust. of Marsh marigold. American cowslip (Bot.), a pretty flower of the West (Dodecatheon Meadia), belonging to the same order (Primulaceæ) with the English cowslip. — French cowslip (Bot.), bear's-ear (Primula Auricula).

COWSLIPPED
Cow"slipped` (-slpt`), a.

Defn: Adorned with cowslips. "Cowslipped lawns." Keats.

COW'S LUNGWORT
Cow's" lung"wort` (kouz" lng"wrt`).

Defn: Mullein.

COW TREE
Cow" tree` (kou" tr`). Etym: [Cf. SP. palo de vaca.] (Bot.)

Defn: A tree (Galactodendron utile or Brosimum Galactodendron) of South America, which yields, on incision, a nourishing fluid, resembling milk.

COWWEED
Cow"weed" (-wEd`),, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Cow parsley.

COWWHEAT
Cow"wheat` (-hwt`), n. (Bot.)

Defn: A weed of the genus Melampyrum, with black seeds, found on
European wheatfields.

COX
Cox (kks), n. Etym: [OE. cokes. Cf. Coax.]

Defn: A coxcomb; a simpleton; a gull. [Obs.]
Go; you're a brainless cox, a toy, a fop. Beau. & Fl.

COXA
Cox"a (kks"), n. Etym: [L., the hip.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The first joint of the leg of an insect or crustacean.

COXALGIA; COXALGY
Cox*al"gi*a (-l"j-), Cox"al`gy (kks"l`j), n. Etym: [NL. coxalgia, fr.
L. coxa hip. + Gr. coxalgie.] (Med.)

Defn: Pain in the hip.

COXCOMB
Cox"comb` (kks"km`), n. Etym: [A corrupted spelling of cock's comb.]

1. (a) A strip of red cloth notched like the comb of a cock, which licensed jesters formerly wore in their caps. (b) The cap itself.

2. The top of the head, or the head itself. We will belabor you a little better, And beat a little more care into your coxcombs. Beau & Fl.

3. A vain, showy fellow; a conceited, silly man, fond of display; a superficial pretender to knowledge or accomplishments; a fop. Fond to be seen, she kept a bevy Of powdered coxcombs at her levee. Goldsmith. Some are bewildered in the maze of schools, And some made coxcombs, nature meant but fools. Pope.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: A name given to several plants of different genera, but particularly to Celosia cristata, or garden cockscomb. Same as Cockscomb.

COXCOMBICAL
Cox*comb"ic*al (kks-km"-kal), a.

Defn: Befitting or indicating a coxcomb; like a coxcomb; foppish;
conceited.
— Cox*comb"ic*al*ly, adv.
Studded all over in coxcombical fashion with little brass nails. W.
Irving.

COXCOMBLY
Cox"comb"ly (kks"km`l), a.

Defn: like a coxcomb. [Obs.] "You coxcombly ass, you!" Beau & Fl.

COXCOMBRY
Cox"comb`ry (-r), n.

Defn: The manners of a coxcomb; foppishness.

COXCOMICAL
Cox*com"ic*al (kks-km"-kal), a.

Defn: Coxcombical. [R.]

COXCOMICALLY
Cox*com"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: Conceitedly. [R.]

COXSWAIN
Cox"swain` (kk"swn, Colloq. kk"s'n), n.

Defn: See Cockswain.

COY
Coy (koi), a. Etym: [OE. coi quiet, still, OF. coi, coit, fr.L.
quietus quiet, p. p. of quiescere to rest, quie rest; prob. akin to
E. while. See While, and cf. Quiet, Quit, Quite.]

1. Quiet; still. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Shrinking from approach or familiarity; reserved; bashful; shy; modest; — usually applied to women, sometimes with an implication of coquetry. Coy, and difficult to win. Cowper. Coy and furtive graces. W. Irving. Nor the coy maid, half willings to be pressed, Shall kiss the cup, to pass it to the rest. Goldsmith.

3. Soft; gentle; hesitating. Enforced hate, Instead of love's coy touch, shall rudely tear thee. Shak.

Syn.
— Shy; shriking; reserved; modest; bashful; backward; distant.

COY
Coy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coyed (koid); p. pr. & vb. n. Coying.]

1. To allure; to entice; to decoy. [Obs.] A wiser generation, who have the art to coy the fonder sort into their nets. Bp. Rainbow.

2. To caress with the hand; to stroke. Come sit thee down upon this flowery bed, While I thy amiable cheeks do coy. Shak.

COY
Coy, v. i.

1. To behave with reserve or coyness; to shrink from approach or familiarity. [Obs.] Thus to coy it, With one who knows you too! Rowe.

2. To make difficulty; to be unwilling. [Obs.] If he coyed To hear Cominius speak, I 'll keep at home. Shak.

COYISH
Coy"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat coy or reserved. Warner.

COYLY
Coy"ly, adv.

Defn: In a coy manner; with reserve.

COYNESS
Coy"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being coy; feigned o When the kind nymph would coyness feign, And hides but to be found again. Dryden.

Syn.
— Reserve; shrinking; shyness; backwardness; modesty; bashfulness.

COYOTE
Coy"o*te (k"-t or k"t), n. Etym: [Spanish Amer., fr. Mexican coyotl.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A carnivorous animal (Canis latrans), allied to the dog, found in the western part of North America; — called also prairie wolf. Its voice is a snapping bark, followed by a prolonged, shrill howl.

COYOTE STATE
Coyote State.

Defn: South Dakota; — a nickname.

COYOTILLO
Co`yo*til"lo, n. [Mex. Sp. dim. See Coyote.]

Defn: A low rhamnaceous shrub (Karwinskia humboldtiana) of the southwestern United States and Mexico. Its berries are said to be poisonous to the coyote.

COYPU
Coy"pu (koi"p), n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South American rodent (Myopotamus coypus), allied to the beaver. It produces a valuable fur called nutria. [Written also coypou.]

COYSTREL
Coys"trel (kois"trl), n.

Defn: Same as Coistril.

COZ
Coz (kz), n.

Defn: A contraction of cousin. Shak.

COZEN
Coz"en (kz"'n), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cozened (-'nd); p. pr. & vb. n.
Cozening (-'n-ng). ] Etym: [From cousin, hence, literally, to deceive
through pretext of relationship, F. cousiner.]

Defn: To cheat; to defrand; to beguile; to deceive, usually by small
arts, or in a pitiful way.
He had cozened the world by fine phrases. Macualay.
Children may be cozened into a knowledge of the letters. Locke.
Goring loved no man so well but that he would cozen him, and expose
him to public mirth for having been cozened. Clarendon.

COZEN
Coz"en, v. i.

Defn: To deceive; to cheat; to act deceitfully.
Some cogging,cozening slave. Shak.

COZENAGE
Coz"en*age (-j), n. Etym: [See Cozen, and cf. Cousinage.]

Defn: The art or practice of cozening; artifice; fraud. Shak.

COZENER
Coz"en*er (kz"'n-r), n.

Defn: One who cheats or defrauds.

COZIER
Co*zier (k"zhr), n.

Defn: See Cosier.

COZILY
Co"zi*ly (k"z-l), adv.

Defn: Snugly; comfortably.

COZINESS
Co"zi*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being cozy.

COZY Co"zy (k"z), a. [Compar. Cozier (-z-r); superl. Coziest.] Etym: [Cf. Scot. cosie, cozie, prob. from Gael. cosach abounding in hollows, or cosagach full of holes or crevices, snug, sheltered, from cos a hollow, a crevice.]

1. Snug; comfortable; easy; contented. [Written also cosey and cosy.]

2. Etym: [Cf. F. causer to chat, talk.]

Defn: Chatty; talkative; sociable; familiar. [Eng.]

COZY
Co"zy, n. Etym: [See Cozy,a.]

Defn: A wadded covering for a teakettle or other vessel to keep the contents hot.

CRAB
Crab (krb), n. Etym: [AS. crabba; akin to D. krab, G. krabbe, krebs,
Icel. krabbi, Sw. krabba, Dan. krabbe, and perh. to E. cramp. Cf.
Crawfish.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the brachyuran Crustacea. They are mostly marine, and usually have a broad, short body, covered with a strong shell or carapace. The abdomen is small and curled up beneath the body.

Note: The name is applied to all the Brachyura, and to certain Anomura, as the hermit crabs. Formerly, it was sometimes applied to Crustacea in general. Many species are edible, the blue crab of the Atlantic coast being one of the most esteemed. The large European edible crab is Cancer padurus. Soft-shelled crabs are blue crabs that have recently cast their shells. See Cancer; also, Box crab, Fiddler crab, Hermit crab, Spider crab, etc., under Box, Fiddler. etc.

2. The zodiacal constellation Cancer.

3. Etym: [See Crab, a.] (Bot.)

Defn: A crab apple; — so named from its harsh taste. When roasted crabs hiss in the bowl, Then nightly sings the staring owl. Shak.

4. A cudgel made of the wood of the crab tree; a crabstick. [Obs.] Garrick.

5. (Mech.) (a) A movable winch or windlass with powerful gearing, used with derricks, etc. (b) A form of windlass, or geared capstan, for hauling ships into dock, etc. (c) A machine used in ropewalks to stretch the yarn. (d) A claw for anchoring a portable machine. Calling crab. (Zoöl.) See Fiddler., n., 2. — Crab apple, a small, sour apple, of several kinds; also, the tree which bears it; as, the European crab apple (Pyrus Malus var.sylvestris); the Siberian crab apple (Pyrus baccata); and the American (Pyrus coronaria). — Crab grass. (Bot.) (a) A grass (Digitaria, or Panicum, sanguinalis); — called also finger grass. (b) A grass of the genus Eleusine (E. Indica); — called also dog's-tail grass, wire grass, etc. — Crab louse (Zoöl.), a species of louse (Phthirius pubis), sometimes infesting the human body. — Crab plover (Zoöl.), an Asiatic plover (Dromas ardeola). — Crab's eyes, or Crab's stones, masses of calcareous matter found, at certain seasons of the year, on either side of the stomach of the European crawfishes, and formerly used in medicine for absorbent and antacid purposes; the gastroliths. — Crab spider (Zoöl.), one of a group of spiders (Laterigradæ); — called because they can run backwards or sideways like a crab. — Crab tree, the tree that bears crab applies. — Crab wood, a light cabinet wood obtained in Guiana, which takes a high polish. McElrath. — To catch a crab (Naut.), a phrase used of a rower: (a) when he fails to raise his oar clear of the water; (b) when he misses the water altogether in making a stroke.

CRAB
Crab (krb), v. t.

1. To make sour or morose; to embitter. [Obs.] Sickness sours or crabs our nature. Glanvill.

2. To beat with a crabstick. [Obs.] J. Fletcher.

CRAB
Crab, v. i. (Naut.)

Defn: To drift sidewise or to leeward, as a vessel. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

CRAB
Crab, a. Etym: [Prob. from the same root as crab, n.]

Defn: Sour; rough; austere.
The crab vintage of the neighb'ring coast. Dryden.

CRABBED
Crab"bed (krb"bd), a. Etym: [See Crab,n.]

1. Characterized by or manifesting, sourness, peevishness, or moroseness; harsh; cross; cynical; — applied to feelings, disposition, or manners. Crabbed age and youth can not live together. Shak.

2. Characterized by harshness or roughness; unpleasant; — applied to things; as, a crabbed taste.

3. Obscure; difficult; perplexing; trying; as, a crabbed author. "Crabbed eloquence." Chaucer. How charming is divine philosophy! Not harsh and crabbed, as dull fools suppose. Milton.

4. Cramped; irregular; as, crabbed handwriting.
— Crab"bed*ly, adv.
— Crab"bed*ness, n.

CRABBER
Crab"ber (krb"br), n.

Defn: One who catches crabs.

CRABBING
Crab"bing, n.

1. The act or art of catching crabs.

2. (Falconry)

Defn: The foghting of hawks with each other.

3. (Woolem Manuf.)

Defn: A process of scouring clocth be

CRABBISH
Crab"bish (krb"bsh), a.

Defn: Somewhat sour or cross.
The wips of the most crabbish Satyristes. Decker.

CRABBY
Crab"by (-b), a.

Defn: Crabbed; difficult, or perplexing. "Persius is crabby, because ancient." Marston.

CRABEATER Crab"eat`er (krb"t`r), n. (Zoöl.) (a) The cobia. (b) An etheostomoid fish of the southern United States (Hadropterus nigrofasciatus). (c) A small European heron (Ardea minuta, and other allied species).

CRABER
Cra"ber (kr"br), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The water rat. Walton.

CRABFACED
Crab"faced` (krb"fst`), a.

Defn: Having a sour, disagreeable countenance. Beau & Fl.

CRABSIDLE
Crab"si`dle (-s`d'l), v. i.

Defn: To move sidewise, as a crab. [Jocular]. Southey.

CRABSTICK
Crab"stick` (-stk`), n.

Defn: A stick, cane, or cudgel, made of the wood of the carb tree.

CRAB TREE
Crab" tree (tr`).

Defn: See under Crab.

CRAB-YAWS
Crab"-yaws` (krb"yz`), n. (Med.)

Defn: A disease in the West Indies. It is a kind of ulcer on the soles of the feet, with very hard edges. See Yaws. Dunglison.

CRACHE
Crache (krch), v.

Defn: To scratch. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CRACK Crack (krk), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cracked (krkt); p. pr. & vb. n. Cracking.] Etym: [OE. cracken, craken, to crack, break, boast, AS. cracian, cearcian, to crack; akin to D. kraken, G. krachen; cf. Skr. garj to rattle, or perh. of imitative origin. Cf. Crake, Cracknel, Creak.]

1. To break or burst, with or without entire separation of the parts; as, to crack glass; to crack nuts.

2. To rend with grief or pain; to affect deeply with sorrow; hence, to disorder; to distract; to craze. O, madam, my old hear is cracked. Shak. He thought none poets till their brains were cracked. Roscommon.

3. To cause to sound suddenly and sharply; to snap; as, to crack a whip.

4. To utter smartly and sententiously; as, to crack a joke. B. Jonson.

5. To cry up; to extol; — followed by up. [Low] To crack a bottle, to open the bottle and drink its contents. — To crack a crib, to commit burglary. [Slang] — To crack on, to put on; as, to crack on more sail, or more steam. [Colloq.]

CRACK
Crack, v. i.

1. To burst or open in chinks; to break, with or without quite separating into parts. By misfortune it cracked in the coling. Boyle. The mirror cracked from side to side. Tennyson.

2. To be ruined or impaired; to fail. [Collog.] The credit . . . of exchequers cracks, when little comes in and much goes out. Dryden.

3. To utter a loud or sharp, sudden sound. As thunder when the clouds in autumn crack. Shak.

4. To utter vain, pompous words; to brag; to boast; — with of. [Archaic.] Ethoipes of their sweet complexion crack. Shak.

CRACK
Crack, n.

1. A partial separation of parts, with or without a perceptible opening; a chink or fissure; a narrow breach; a crevice; as, a crack in timber, or in a wall, or in glass.

2. Ropture; flaw; breach, in a moral sense. My love to thee is sound, sans crack or flaw. Shak.

3. A sharp, sudden sound or report; the sound of anything suddenly burst or broken; as, the crack of a falling house; the crack of thunder; the crack of a whip. Will the stretch out to the crack of doom Shak.

4. The tone of voice when changed at puberty. Though now our voices Have got the mannish crack. Shak.

5. Mental flaw; a touch of craziness; partial insanity; as, he has a crack.

6. A crazy or crack-brained person. [Obs.] I . . . can not get the Parliament to listen to me, who look upon me as a crack and a projector. Addison.

7. A boast; boasting. [Obs.] "Crack and brags." Burton. "Vainglorius cracks." Spenser.

8. Breach of chastity. [Obs.] Shak.

9. A boy, generally a pert, lively boy. [Obs.] Val. 'Tis a noble child. Vir. A crack, madam. Shak.

10. A brief time; an instant; as, to be with one in a crack. [Eng. & Scot. Colloq.]

11. Free conversation; friendly chat. [Scot.] What is crack in English . . . Acrack . . . a chat with a good, kindly human heart in it. P. P. Alexander.

CRACK
Crack, a.

Defn: Of superior excellence; having qualities to be boasted of.
[Colloq.]
One of our crack speakers in the Commons. Dickens.

CRACKAJACK
Crack"a*jack`, n.

1. An individual of marked ability or excellence, esp. in some sport; as, he is a crackajack at tennis. [Slang]

2. A preparation of popped corn, candied and pressed into small cakes. [U. S.]

CRACKAJACK
Crack"a*jack`, a.

Defn: Of marked ability or excellence. [Slang]

CRACK-BRAINED
Crack"-brained` (-brnd`), a.

Defn: Having an impaired intellect; whimsical; crazy. Pope.

CRACKED
Cracked (krkt), a.

1. Coarsely ground or broken; as, cracked wheat.

2. Crack-brained. [Colloq.]

CRACKER
Crack"er (krk"r), n.

1. One who, or that which, cracks.

2. A noisy boaster; a swaggering fellow. [Obs.] What cracker is this same that deafs our ears Shak.

3. A small firework, consisting of a little powder inclossed in a thick paper cylinder with a fuse, and exploding with a sharp noise; - - often called firecracker.

4. A thin, dry biscuit, often hard or crisp; as, a Boston cracker; a Graham cracker; a soda cracker; an oyster cracker.

5. A nickname to designate a poor white in some parts of the Southern United States. Bartlett.

6. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pintail duck.

7. pl. (Mach.)

Defn: A pair of fluted rolls for grinding caoutchouc. Knight.

CRACKER STATE
Cracker State.

Defn: Georgia; — a nickname. See Cracker, n. 5.

CRACKLE
Crac"kle (krk"k'l), v. i. Etym: [Dim. of crack.]

Defn: To make slight cracks; to make small, sharp, sudden noises,
rapidly or frequently repeated; to crepitate; as, burning thorns
crackle.
The unknown ice that crackles underneath them. Dryden.

CRACKLE
Crac"kle, n.

1. The noise of slight and frequent cracks or reports; a crackling. The crackle of fireworks. Carlyle.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A kind of crackling sound or râle, heard in some abnormal states of the lungs; as, dry crackle; moist crackle. Quain.

3. (Fine Arts)

Defn: A condition produced in certain porcelain, fine earthenware, or glass, in which the glaze or enamel appears to be cracked in all directions, making a sort of reticulated surface; as, Chinese crackle; Bohemian crackle.

CRACKLED
Crac"kled (-k'ld), a. (Fine Arts)

Defn: Covered with minute cracks in the glaze; — said of some kinds of porcelain and fine earthenware.

CRACKLEWARE
Crac"kle*ware` (-wr`), n.

Defn: See Crackle, n., 3.

CRACKLING
Crac"kling (krk"klng), n.

1. The making of small, sharp cracks or reports, frequently repeated. As the crackling of thorns under a pot, so is the laughter of the fool. Eccl. vii. 6.

2. The well-browned, crisp rind of roasted pork. For the first time in his life he tested crackling. Lamb.

3. pl.

Defn: Food for dogs, made from the refuse of tallow melting.

CRACK-LOO; CRACKALOO
Crack"-loo`, n. Also Crack"a*loo` .

Defn: A kind of gambling game consisting in pitching coins to or towards the ceiling of a room so that they shall fall as near as possible to a certain crack in the floor. [Gamblers' Cant, U. S.]

CRACKNEL Crack"nel (krk"nl), n. Etym: [F. craquelin, fr. D. krakeling, fr. krakken to crack. See Crack, v. t.]

Defn: A hard brittle cake or biscuit. Spenser.

CRACKSMAN
Cracks"man (krks"man), n., pl. Cracksmen (-men).

Defn: A burglar. [Slang]

CRACOVIAN
Cra*co"vi*an (kr-k"v-an), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Cracow in Poland.

CRACOVIENNE
Cra*co`vi*enne" (kr-k`v-n"), n. Etym: [F., fr. Cracow, the city.]
(Mus.)

Defn: A lively Polish dance, in 2-4 time.

CRACOWES
Cra"cowes (kr"kz), n. pl.

Defn: Long-toed boots or shoes formerly worn in many parts of Europe; — so called from Cracow, in Poland, where they were first worn in the fourteenth century. Fairholt.

CRADLE
Cra"dle (krd'l), n. Etym: [AS. cradel, cradol, prob. from Celtic; cf.
Gael. creathall, Ir. craidhal, W. cryd a shaking or rocking, a
cradle; perh. akin to E. crate.]

1. A bed or cot for a baby, oscillating on rockers or swinginng on pivots; hence, the place of origin, or in which anything is nurtured or protected in the earlier period of existence; as, a cradle of crime; the cradle of liberty. The cradle that received thee at thy birth. Cowper. No sooner was I crept out of my cradle But I was made a king, at nine months old. Shak.

2. Infancy, or very early life.
From their cradles bred together. Shak.
A form of worship in which they had been educated from their cradles.
Clarendon.

3. (Agric.)

Defn: An implement consisting of a broad scythe for cutting grain, with a set of long fingers parallel to the scythe, designed to receive the grain, and to lay it eventlyin a swath.

4. (Engraving)

Defn: A tool used in mezzotint engraving, which, by a rocking motion, raises burrs on the surface of the plate, so preparing the ground.

5. A framework of timbers, or iron bars, moving upon ways or rollers, used to support, lift, or carry ships or other vessels, heavy guns, etc., as up an inclined plane, or across a strip of land, or in launching a ship.

6. (Med.) (a) A case for a broken or dislocated limb. (b) A frame to keep the bedclothes from conntact with the person.

7. (Mining) (a) A machine on rockers, used in washing out auriferous earth; — also called a rocker. [U.S.] (b) A suspended scaffold used in shafts.

8. (Carp.)

Defn: The ribbing for vaulted ceilings and arches intended to be covered with plaster. Knight.

9. (Naut.)

Defn: The basket or apparatus in which, when a line has been made fast to a wrecked ship from the shore, the people are brought off from the wreck. Cat's cradle. See under Cat. — Cradle hole, a sunken place in a road, caused by thawing, or by travel over a soft spot. — Cradle scythe, a broad scythe used in a cradle for cutting grain.

CRADLE
Cra"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cradled (-d'ld); p. pr. & vb. n.
Cradling (-dlng).]

1. To lay to rest, or rock, as in a cradle; to lull or quiet, as by rocking. It cradles their fears to sleep. D. A. Clark.

2. To nurse or train in infancy. He that hath been cradled in majesty will not leave the throne to play with beggars. Glanvill.

3. To cut and lay with a cradle, as grain.

4. To transport a vessel by means of a cradle. In Lombardy . . . boats are cradled and transported over the grade. Knight. To cradle a picture, to put ribs across the back of a picture, to prevent the panels from warping.

CRADLE
Cra"dle, v. i.

Defn: To lie or lodge, as in a cradle.
Withered roots and husks wherein the acorn cradled. Shak.

CRADLELAND
Cra"dle*land` (kra"d'l*land`), n.

Defn: Land or region where one was cradled; hence, land of origin.

CRADLING
Cra"dling (-dlng), n.

1. The act of using a cradle.

2. (Coopering)

Defn: Cutting a cask into two pieces lengthwise, to enable it to pass a narrow place, the two parts being afterward united and rehooped.

3. (Carp.)

Defn: The framework in arched or coved ceilings to which the laths are nailed. Knight.

CRAFT Craft (krft), n. Etym: [AS. cr strength, skill, art, cunning; akin to OS., G., Sw., & Dan. kraft strength, D. kracht, Icel. kraptr; perh. originally, a drawing together, stretching, from the root of E. cramp.]

1. Strength; might; secret power. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Art or skill; dexterity in particular manual employment; hence, the occupation or employment itself; manual art; a trade. Ye know that by this craft we have our wealth. Acts xix. 25. A poem is the work of the poet; poesy is his skill or craft of making. B. Jonson. Since the birth of time, throughout all ages and nations, Has the craft of the smith been held in repute. Longfellow.

3. Those engaged in any trade, taken collectively; a guild; as, the craft of ironmongers. The control of trade passed from the merchant guilds to the new craft guilds. J. R. Green.

4. Cunning, art, or skill, in a bad sense, or applied to bad purposes; artifice; guile; skill or dexterity employed to effect purposes by deceit or shrewd devices. You have that crooked wisdom which is called craft. Hobbes. The chief priets and the scribes sought how they might take him by craft, and put him to death. Mark xiv. 1.

5. (Naut.)

Defn: A vessel; vessels of any kind; — generally used in a
collective sense.
The evolutions of the numerous tiny craft moving over the lake. Prof.
Wilson.
Small crafts, small vessels, as sloops, schooners, ets.

CRAFT
Craft, v.t.

Defn: To play tricks; to practice artifice. [Obs.]
You have crafted fair. Shak.

CRAFTER crafter n.

Defn: a creator of great skill in the manual arts.
Syn. — craftsman.
[WordNet 1.5]

CRAFTILY
Craft"i*ly (—l), adv. Etym: [See Crafty.]

Defn: With craft; artfully; cunningly.

CRAFTINESS
Craft"i*ness (krft"-ns), n.

Defn: Dexterity in devising and effecting a purpose; cunning;
artifice; stratagem.
He taketh the wise in their own craftiness. Job. v. 13.

CRAFTLESS
Craft"less (-ls), a.

Defn: Without craft or cunning.
Helpless, craftless, and innocent people. Jer. Taylor.

CRAFTSMAN
Crafts"man (krfts"man), n.; pl. Craftsmen (-men).

Defn: One skilled in some trade or manual occupation; an artificer; a mechanic.

CRAFTSMANSHIP
Crafts"man*ship, n.

Defn: The work of a craftsman.

CRAFTSMASTER
Crafts"mas`ter (-ms`tr), n.

Defn: One skilled in his craft or trade; one of superior cunning.
In cunning persuasion his craftsmaster. Holland.

CRAFTY
Craft"y (krft"), a. Etym: [AS. cr.]

1. Relating to, or characterized by, craft or skill; dexterous. [Obs.] "Crafty work." Piers Plowman.

2. Possessing dexterity; skilled; skillful. A noble crafty man of trees. Wyclif.

3. Skillful at deceiving others; characterized by craft; cunning; wily. "A pair of crafty knaves." Shak. With anxious care and crafty wiles. J. Baillie.

Syn.
— Skillful; dexterous; cunning; artful; wily; Cunning.

CRAG
Crag (krg), n. Etym: [W. craig; akin to Gael. creag, Corn. karak,
Armor. karrek.]

1. A steep, rugged rock; a cough, broken cliff, or point of a rock, on a ledge. From crag to crag the signal fiew. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: A partially compacted bed of gravel mixed with shells, of the
Tertiary age.

CRAG
Crag, n. Etym: [A form of craw: cf. D. kraag neck, collar, G. kragen.
See Craw.]

1. The neck or throat [Obs.] And bear the crag so stiff and so state. Spenser.

2. The neck piece or scrag of mutton. Johnson.

CRAGGED
Crag"ged (-gd), a.

Defn: Full of crags, or steep, broken
Into its cragged rents descend. J. Baillie.

CRAGGEDNESS
Crag"ged*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being cragged; cragginess.

CRAGGINESS
Crag"gi*ness (-g-ns), n.

Defn: The state of being craggy.

CRAGGY
Crag"gy (krg"g), a.

Defn: Full of crags; rugged with projecting points of rocks; as, the craggy side of a mountain. "The craggy ledge." Tennyson.

CRAGSMAN
Crags"man (krgz"man), n.; pl. Cragsmen (-men).

Defn: One accustomed to climb rocks or crags; esp., one who makes a business of climbing the cliffs overhanging the sea to get the eggs of sea birds or the birds themselves.

CRAIE
Craie (kr), n.

Defn: See Crare. [Obs.]

CRAIG FLOUNDER
Craig" floun`der (krg" floun`dr). Etym: [Scot. craig a rock. See 1st
Crag.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pole flounder.

CRAIL
Crail (krl),, n. Etym: [See Creel.]

Defn: A creel or osier basket.

CRAKE
Crake (krk), v. t. & i. Etym: [See Crack.]

1. To cry out harshly and loudly, like the bird called crake.

2. To boast; to speak loudly and boastfully. [Obs.] Each man may crake of that which was his own. Mir. for Mag.

CRAKE
Crake, n.

Defn: A boast. See Crack, n. [Obs.] Spenser.

CRAKE Crake, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. kr crow, kr raven, Sw. kr, Dan. krage; perh. of imitative origin. Cf. Crow.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species or rail of the genera Crex and Porzana; — so called from its singular cry. See Corncrake.

CRAKEBERRY
Crake"ber`ry (-br`r), n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Crowberry.

CRAKER
Crak"er (krk"r), n.

Defn: One who boasts; a braggart. [Obs.] Old Play.

CRAM
Cram (krm), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Crammed (krmd); p. pr. & vb. n.
Cramming.] Etym: [AS. crammian to cram; akin to Icel. kremia to
squeeze, bruise, Sw. krama to press. Cf. Cramp.]

1. To press, force, or drive, particularly in filling, or in thrustung one thing into another; to stuff; to crowd; to fill to superfluity; as, to cram anything into a basket; to cram a room with people. Their storehouses crammed with grain. Shak. He will cram his brass down our throats. Swift.

2. To fill with food to satiety; to stuff. Children would be freer from disease if they were not crammed so much as they are by fond mothers. Locke. Cram us with praise, and make us As fat as tame things. Shak.

3. To put hastily through an extensive course of memorizing or study, as in preparation for an examination; as, a pupil is crammed by his tutor.

CRAM
Cram, v. i.

1. To eat greedly, and to satiety; to stuff. Gluttony . . . . Cr, and blasphemes his feeder. Milton.

2. To make crude preparation for a special occasion, as an examination, by a hasty and extensive course of memorizing or study. [Colloq.]

CRAM
Cram, n.

1. The act of cramming.

2. Innformation hastily memorized; as. a cram from an examination. [Colloq.]

3. (Weaving)

Defn: A warp having more than two threads passing through each dent or split of the reed.

CRAMBO
Cram"bo, n. Etym: [Cf. Cramp, a., difficult.]

1. A game in which one person gives a word, to which another finds a rhyme. I saw in one corner . . . a cluster of men and women,diverting themselves with a game at crambo. I heard several double rhymes . . . which raised a great deal of mirth. Addison.

2. A werd rhyming with another word. His similes in order set And every crambo he could get. Swift. Dumb crambo, a game in which one party of players give a word which rhymes with another, which last to be guessed by the opposing party, who represent in dumb show what they think it to be.

CRAMMER
Cram"mer (krm"mr), n.

Defn: One who crams; esp., one who prepares a pupil hastily for an exxamination, or a pupil who is thus prepared. Dickens.

CRAMOISIE; CRAMOISY
Cra*moi"sie Cra*moi"sy (kr-moi"z), a. Etym: [F. cramoisi crimson. See
Crimson.]

Defn: Crimson. [Obs.]
A splendid seignior, magnificent in cramoisy velevet. Motley.

CRAMP
Cramp (krmp), n. Etym: [OE. crampe, craumpe; akin to D. & Sw. kramp,
Dan. krampe, G. krampf (whence F. crampe), Icel. krappr strait,
narrow, and to E. crimp, crumple; cf. cram. See Grape.]

1. That which confines or contracts; a restraint; a shakle; a
hindrance.
A narrow fortune is a cramp to a great mind. L'Estrange.
Crippling his pleasures with the cramp of fear. Cowper.

2. (Masonry)

Defn: A device, usually of iron bent at the ends, used to hold together blocks of stone, timbers, etc.; a cramp iron.

3. (Carp.)

Defn: A rectangular frame, with a tightening screw, used for compressing the jionts of framework, etc.

4. A piece of wood having a curve corresponding to that of the upper part of the instep, on which the upper leather of a boot is stretched to give it the requisite shape.

5. (Med.)

Defn: A spasmodic and painful involuntary contraction of a muscle or
muscles, as of the leg.
The cramp, divers nights, gripeth him in his legs. Sir T. More.
Cramp bone, the patella of a sheep; — formerly used as a charm for
the cramp. Halliwell. "He could turn cramp bones into chess men."
Dickens.
— Cramp ring, a ring formerly supposed to have virtue in averting
or curing cramp, as having been consecrated by one of the kings of
England on Good Friday.

CRAMP
Cramp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cramped (krp. pr. & vb. n. Cramping.]

1. To compress; to restrain from free action; to confine and
contract; to hinder.
The mind my be as much cramped by too much knowledge as by ignorance.
Layard.

2. To fasten or hold with, or as with, a cramp.

3. Hence, to bind together; to unite. The . . . fabric of universal justic is well cramped and bolted together in all its parts. Burke.

4. To form on a cramp; as, to cramp boot legs.

5. To afflict with cramp. When the gout cramps my joints. Ford. To cramp the wheels of wagon, to turn the front wheels out of line with the hind wheels, so that one of them shall be against the body of the wagon.

CRAMP
Cramp, a. Etym: [See Cramp, n.]

Defn: Knotty; difficult. [R.] Care being taken not to add any of the cramp reasons for this opinion. Coleridge.

CRAMPET
Cram"pet (krm"pt), n. Etym: [See Cramp,n.] (Mil.)

Defn: A cramp iron or cramp ring; a chape, as of a scabbard. [Written also crampit and crampette.]

CRAMPFISH
Cramp"fish` (krmp"fsh`), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The torpedo, or electric ray, the touch of which gives an electric shock. See Electric fish, and Torpedo.

CRAMP IRON
Cramp" i`ron (`rn).

Defn: See Cramp, n., 2.

CRAMPIT
Cram"pit (krm"pt), n. (Mil.)

Defn: See Crampet.

CRAMPON
Cram"pon (krm"pn), n. Etym: [F. See Crampoons.] (Bot.)

Defn: An a

CRAMPONEE
Cram`po*nee" (krm`p-n"), a. Etym: [F. cramponn. See Crampoons.]
(Her.)

Defn: Having a cramp or square piece at the end; — said of a cross so furnished.

CRAMPOONS Cram*poons" (krm-pnz"), n. pl. Etym: [F. crampon, fr. OHG. chramph crooked; akin to G. krampf cramp. See Cramp,n., and cf. Crampon.]

1. A clutch formed of hooked pieces of iron, like double calipers, for raising stones, lumber, blocks of ice, etc.

2. Iron insruments with sharp points, worn on the shoes to assist in gaining or keeping a foothold.

CRAMPY
Cramp"y (krmp"),

1. Affected with cramp.

2. Productive of, or abounding in, cramps. "This crampy country." Howitt.

CRAN; CRANE
Cran (krn), Crane (krn), n. Etym: [Scot., fr. Gael. crann.]

Defn: A measure for fresh herrings, — as many as will fill a barrel.
[Scot.] H. Miller.

CRANAGE
Cran"age (krn"j), n. Etym: [See Crane.]

1. The liberty of using a crane, as for loading and unloading vessels.

2. The money or price paid for the use of a crane.

CRANBERRY
Cran"ber*ry (krn"br-r), n.; pl. Cranberries (-r Etym: [So named from
its fruit being ripe in the spring when the cranes return. Dr.
Prior.] (Bot.)

Defn: A red, acid berry, much used for making sauce, etc.; also, the plant producing it (several species of Vaccinum or Oxycoccus.) The high cranberry or cranberry tree is a species of Viburnum (V. Opulus), and the other is sometimes called low cranberry or marsh cranberry to distinguish it.

CRANCH
Cranch (krnch), v. t.

Defn: See Craunch.

CRANDALL
Cran"dall (kran"dal), n. [Prob. from Crandall, a proper name.]
(Stonecutting)

Defn: A kind of hammer having a head formed of a group of pointed steel bars, used for dressing ashlar, etc. — v. t.

Defn: To dress with a crandall.

CRANE
Crane (krn), n. Etym: [AS. cran; akin to D. & LG. craan, G. kranich,
krahn (this in sense 2), Gr. grus, W. & Armor. garan, OSlav. zerav,
Lith. gerve, Icel. trani, Sw. trana, Dan. trane. Geranium.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A wading bird of the genus Grus, and allied genera, of various species, having a long, straight bill, and long legs and neck.

Note: The common European crane is Grus cinerea. The sand-hill crane (G. Mexicana) and the whooping crane (G. Americana) are large American species. The Balearic or crowned crane is Balearica pavonina. The name is sometimes erroneously applied to the herons and cormorants.

2. A machine for raising and lowering heavy weights, and, while holding them suspended, transporting them through a limited lateral distance. In one form it consists of a projecting arm or jib of timber or iron, a rotating post or base, and the necessary tackle, windlass, etc.; — so called from a fancied similarity between its arm and the neck of a crane See Illust. Of Derrick.

3. An iron arm with horizontal motion, attached to the side or back of a fireplace, for supporting kettles, etc., over a fire.

4. A siphon, or bent pipe, for drawing liquors out of a cask.

5. (Naut.)

Defn: A forked post or projecting bracket to support spars, etc., — generally used in pairs. See Crotch, 2. Crane fly (Zoöl.), a dipterous insect with long legs, of the genus Tipula. — Derrick crane. See Derrick. — Gigantic crane. (Zoöl.) See Adjutant, n., 3. — Traveling crane, Traveler crane, Traversing crane (Mach.), a crane mounted on wheels; esp., an overhead crane consisting of a crab or other hoisting apparatus traveling on rails or beams fixed overhead, as in a machine shop or foundry. — Water crane, a kind of hydrant with a long swinging spout, for filling locomotive tenders, water carts, etc., with water.

CRANE
Crane (krn), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Craned (krnd); p. pr. & vb. n.
Craning.]

1. To cause to rise; to raise or lift, as by a crane; — with up. [R.] What engines, what instruments are used in craning up a soul, sunk below the center, to the highest heavens. Bates. An upstart craned up to the height he has. Massinger.

2. To stretch, as a crane stretches its neck; as, to crane the neck disdainfully. G. Eliot.

CRANE crane, v. i.

Defn: to reach forward with head and neck, in order to see better;
as, a hunter cranes forward before taking a leap. Beaconsfield.
Thackeray.
The passengers eagerly craning forward over the bulwarks. Howells.

CRANE'S-BILL
Crane's"-bill` (krnz"bl`), n.

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The geranium; — so named from the long axis of the fruit, which resembles the beak of a crane. Dr. Prior.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: A pair of long-beaked forceps.

CRANG
Crang (krng), n.

Defn: See Krang.

CRANIA
Cra"ni*a (kr"n-), n. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of living Brachiopoda; — so called from its fancied resemblance to the cranium or skull.

CRANIAL
Cra"ni*al (kr"n-al), a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the cranium.

CRANIOCLASM
Cra"ni*o*clasm (kr"n—klz'm), n. Etym: [Cranium + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The crushing of a child's head, as with the cranioclast or craniotomy forceps in cases of very difficult delivery. Dunglison.

CRANIOCLAST
Cra"ni*o*clast (-klst), n. (Med.)

Defn: An instrument for crushing the head of a fetus, to facilitate delivery in difficult eases.

CRANIOFACIAL
Cra`ni*o*fa"cial (-f"shal), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the cranium and face; as, the craniofacial angle.

CRANIOGNOMY
Cra`ni*og"no*my (-g"n-m), n. Etym: [Cranium + Gr.

Defn: The science of the form and characteristics of the skull. [R.]

CRANIOLOGICAL
Cra`ni*o*log"ic*al (—lj"-kal), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to craniology.

CRANIOLOGIST
Cra`ni*ol"o*gist (-l"-jst), n.

Defn: One proficient in craniology; a phrenologist.

CRANIOLOGY
Cra`ni*ol"o*gy (-j), n. Etym: [Cranium + -logy.]

Defn: The department of science (as of ethnology or archæology) which deals with the shape, size, proportions, indications, etc., of skulls; the study of skulls.

CRANIOMETER
Cra`ni*om"e*ter (kr`n-m"-tr), n. Etym: [Cranium + -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the size of skulls.

CRANIOMETRIC; CRANIOMETRICAL
Cra`ni*o*met"ric (—mt"rk), Cra`ni*o*met"ric*al (-r-kal), a.

Defn: Pertaining to craniometry.

CRANIOMETRY
Cra`ni*om"e*try (kr`n-m"-tr), n.

Defn: The art or act of measuring skulls.

CRANIOSCOPIST
Cra`ni*os"co*pist (kr`n-s"k-pst), n.

Defn: One skilled in, or who practices, cranioscopy. It was found of equal dimension in a literary man whose skull puzzied the cranioscopists. Coleridge.

CRANIOSCOPY
Cra`ni*os"co*py (-p), n. Etym: [Cranium + -scopy.]

Defn: Scientific examination of the cranium.

CRANIOTA
Cra`ni*o"ta (kr`n-t), n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. cranium.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A comprehensive division of the Vertebrata, including all those that have a skull.

CRANIOTOMY
Cra`ni*ot"o*my (kr`n-t"-m), n. Etym: [Cranium + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The operation of opening the fetal head, in order to effect delivery.

CRANIUM
Cra"ni*um (kr"n-m), n.; pl. E. Craniums (-Crania (-. Etym: [NL., fr.
Gr.

Defn: The skull of an animal; especially, that part of the skull, either cartilaginous or bony, which immediately incloses the brain; the brain case or brainpan. See Skull.

CRANK Crank (krnk), n. Etym: [OE. cranke; akin to E. cringe, cringle, crinkle, and to crank, a., the root meaning, probably, "to turn, twist." See Cringe.]

1. (Mach.)

Defn: A bent portion of an axle, or shaft, or an arm keyed at right angles to the end of a shaft, by which motion is imparted to or received from it; also used to change circular into reciprocating motion, or reciprocating into circular motion. See Bell crank.

2. Any bend, turn, or winding, as of a passage. So many turning cranks these have, so many crooks. Spenser.

3. A twist or turn in speech; a conceit consisting in a change of the form or meaning of a word. Quips, and cranks, and wanton wiles. Milton.

4. A twist or turn of the mind; caprice; whim; crotchet; also, a fit of temper or passion. [Prov. Eng.] Violent of temper; subject to sudden cranks. Carlyle.

5. A person full of crotchets; one given to fantastic or impracticable projects; one whose judgment is perverted in respect to a particular matter. [Colloq.]

6. A sick person; an invalid. [Obs.] Thou art a counterfeit crank, a cheater. Burton. Crank axle (Mach.), a driving axle formed with a crank or cranks, as in some kinds of locomotives. — Crank pin (Mach.), the cylindrical piece which forms the handle, or to which the connecting rod is attached, at the end of a crank, or between the arms of a double crank. — Crank shaft, a shaft bent into a crank, or having a crank fastened to it, by which it drives or is driven. — Crank wheel, a wheel acting as a crank, or having a wrist to which a connecting rod is attached.

CRANK Crank (krnk), a. Etym: [AS. cranc weak; akin to Icel. krangr, D. & G. krank sick, weak (cf.D. krengen to careen). Cf. Crank, n.]

1. Sick; infirm. [Prov. Eng.]

2. (Naut.)

Defn: Liable to careen or be overest, as a ship when she is too narrow, or has not sufficient ballast, or is loaded too high, to carry full sail.

3. Full of spirit; brisk; lively; sprightly; overconfident; opinionated. He who was, a little before, bedrid, . . . was now crank and lusty. Udall. If you strong electioners did not think you were among the elect, you would not be so crank about it. Mrs. Stowe.

CRANK
Crank, v. i. Etym: [See Crank, n. ]

Defn: To run with a winding course; to double; to crook; to wind and
turn.
See how this river comes me cranking in. Shak.

CRANKBIRD
Crank"bird` (-brd`), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small European woodpecker (Picus minor).

CRANKED
Cranked (krnkt), a.

Defn: Formed with, or having, a bend or crank; as, a cranked axle.

CRANKINESS
Crank"i*ness (krnk"-ns), n.

Defn: Crankness. Lowell.

CRANKLE
Cran"kle (krn"k'l), v. t. Etym: [Cf. Crinkle.]

Defn: To break into bends, turns, or angles; to crinkle. Old Veg's stream . . . drew her humid train aslope, Crankling her banks. J. Philips.

CRANKLE
Cran"kle, v. i.

Defn: To bend, turn, or wind.
Along the crankling path. Drayton.

CRANKLE
Cran"kle, n.

Defn: A bend or turn; a twist; a crinkle.

CRANKNESS
Crank"ness (krnk"ns), n.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: Liability to be overset; — said of a ship or other vessel.

2. Sprightliness; vigor; health.

CRANKY
Crank"y (-), a.

1. Full of spirit; crank.

2. Addicted to crotchets and whims; unreasonable in opinions; crotchety. [Colloq.]

3. Unsteady; easy to upset; crank.

CRANNIED
Cran"nied (krn"nd), a.

Defn: Having crannies, chinks, or fissures; as, a crannied wall.
Tennyson.

CRANNOG; CRANNOGE
Cran"nog (krn"ng), Cran"noge (krn"nj), n. Etym: [From Celtic; cf.
Gael. crann a tree.]

Defn: One of the stockaded islands in Scotland and Ireland which in ancient times were numerous in the lakes of both countries. They may be regarded as the very latest class of prehistoric strongholds, reaching their greatest development in early historic times, and surviving through the Middle Ages. See also Lake dwellings, under Lake. Encyc. Brit.

CRANNY Cran"ny (krn"n), n.; pl. Crannies (-n. Etym: [F. cran notch, prob. from L. crena (a doubful word).]

1. A small, narrow opening, fissure, crevice, or chink, as in a wall, or other substance. In a firm building, the cavities ought not to be filled with rubbish, but with brick or stone fitted to the crannies. Dryden. He peeped into every cranny. Arbuthnot.

2. (Glass Making)

Defn: A tool for forming the necks of bottles, etc.

CRANNY
Cran"ny, v. i. [imp & p. p. Crannied (-nd); p. pr. & vb. n.
Crannying.]

1. To crack into, or become full of, crannies. [R.] The ground did cranny everywhere. Golding.

2. To haunt, or enter by, crannies. All tenantless, save to the cranning wind. Byron.

CRANNY
Cran"ny, a. Etym: [Perh. for cranky. See Crank, a. ]

Defn: Quick; giddy; thoughtless. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

CRANTARA
Cran*ta"ra (krn-t"r or -t"r), n. Etym: [Gael. cranntara.]

Defn: The fiery cross, used as a rallying signal in the Highlands of
Scotland.

CRANTS
Crants (krnts), n. Etym: [Cf. D. krans, G. kranz.]

Defn: A garland carried before the bier of a maiden. [Obs.]
Yet here she is allowed her virgin crants, Her maaiden strewments.
Shak.

CRAP
Crap (krap), n.

Defn: In the game of craps, a first throw of the dice in which the total is two, three, or twelve, in which case the caster loses.

CRAPAUD Cra*paud", n. [Written also crapawd, crapald, crepaud, etc.] [F. crapaud.]

1.

Defn: A toad. [Obs.]

2. (Pronounced kra`po") As a proper name, Johnny Crapaud, or Crapaud, a nickname for a Frenchman.

CRAPAUDINE
Crap"au*dine (krp"-dn), a. Etym: [F., n.] (Arch.)

Defn: Turning on pivots at the top and bottom; — said of a door.

CRAPAUDINE
Crap"au*dine, n. Etym: [F.] (Far.)

Defn: An ulcer on the coronet of a horse. Bailey.

CRAPE
Crape (krp), n. Etym: [F. cr, fr. L. crispus curled, crisped. See
Crisp.]

Defn: A thin, crimped stuff, made of raw silk gummed and twisted on the mill. Black crape is much used for mourning garments, also for the dress of some clergymen. A saint in crape is twice a saint in lawn. Pope. Crape myrtle (Bot.), a very ornamental shrub (Lagerströmia Indica) from the East Indies, often planted in the Southern United States. Its foliage is like that of the myrtle, and the flower has wavy crisped petals. — Oriental crape. See Canton crape.

CRAPE
Crape, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Craped (krpt); p. pr. & vb.n. Craping.]
Etym: [F. cr, fr. L. crispare to curl, crisp, fr. crispus. See Crape,
n.]

Defn: To form into ringlets; to curl; to crimp; to friz; as, to crape the hair; to crape silk. The hour for curling and craping the hair. Mad. D'Arblay.

CRAPEFISH
Crape"fish` (krp"fsh`), n.

Defn: Salted codfish hardened by pressure. Kane.

CRAPNEL
Crap"nel (krp"nel), n.

Defn: A hook or drag; a grapnel.

CRAPPIE
Crap"pie (krp"p), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A kind of fresh-water bass of the genus Pomoxys, found in the rivers of the Southern United States and Mississippi valley. There are several species. [Written also croppie.]

CRAPPLE
Crap"ple (krp"p'l), n. Etym: [See Graple.]

Defn: A claw. [Obs.]

CRAPS
Craps (krps), n.

Defn: A gambling game with dice. [Local, U.S.]

CRAP SHOOTING
Crap shooting.

Defn: Same as Craps.

CRAPULA; CRAPULE Crap"u*la (krp"-l), Crap"ule (krp"l), n. Etym: [L. crapula intoxication.]

Defn: Same as Crapulence.

CRAPULENCE
Crap"u*lence (—lens), n.

Defn: The sickness occasioned by intemperance; surfeit. Bailey.

CRAPULENT; CRAPULOUS Crap"u*lent (-lent), Crap"u*lous (-ls), a. Etym: [L. crapulentus, crapulosus: cf. F. crapuleux.]

Defn: Surcharged with liquor; sick from excessive indulgence in liquor; drunk; given to excesses. [R.]

CRAPY
Crap"y (krp"), a.

Defn: Resembling crape.

CRARE Crare (krr), n. Etym: [OF. craier, creer, croyer, ship of war, LL. craiera, creyera, perh. from G. krieger warrior, or D. krijger.]

Defn: A slow unwieldy trading vessel. [Obs.] [Written also crayer, cray, and craie.] Shak.

CRASE
Crase (krz), v. t. Etym: [See Craze.]

Defn: To break in pieces; to crack. [Obs.] "The pot was crased."
Chaucer.

CRASH
Crash (kr), v. t. [imp & p. p. Crashed (kr; p. pr & vb. n. Crashing.]
Etym: [OE. crashen, the same word as crasen to break, E. craze. See
Craze.]

Defn: To break in pieces violently; to dash together with noise and
violence. [R.]
He shakt his head, and crasht his teeth for ire. Fairfax.

CRASH
Crash, v. i.

1. To make a loud, clattering sound, as of many things falling and breaking at once; to break in pieces with a harsh noise. Roofs were blazing and walls crashing in every part of the city. Macualay.

2. To break with violence and noise; as, the chimney in falling crashed through the roof.

CRASH
Crash, n.

1. A loud, sudden, confused sound, as of manu things falling and breaking at once. The wreck of matter and the crash of worlds. Addison.

2. Ruin; failure; sudden breaking down, as of a business house or a commercial enterprise.

CRASH
Crash, n. Etym: [L. crassus coarse. See Crass.]

Defn: Coarse, heavy, narrow linen cloth, used esp. for towels.

CRASHING
Crash"ing, n.

Defn: The noise of many things falling and breaking at once.
There shall be . . . a great crashing from the hills. Zeph. i. 10.

CRASIS
Cra"sis (kr"ss), n. Etym: [LL., temperament, fr. Gr.

1. (Med.)

Defn: A mixture of constituents, as of the blood; constitution; temperament.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: A contraction of two vowels (as the final and initial vowels of united words) into one long vowel, or into a dipthong; synæresis; as, cogo for coago.

CRASPEDOTA
Cras`pe*do"ta (krs`p-d"t), n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The hydroid or naked-eyed medusæ. See Hydroidea.

CRASPEDOTE
Cras"pe*dote (krs"p-dt), a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Craspedota.

CRASS Crass (krs), a. Etym: [L. crassus thick, fat, gross, prob. orig., closely woven See Crease animal fat, and cf. Crate, Hurdle.]

Defn: Cross; thick; dense; coarse; not elaborated or refined. "Crass and fumid exhalations." Sir. T. Browne. "Crass ignorance" Cudworth.

CRASSAMENT; CRASSAMENTUM Cras"sa*ment (krs"s-ment), Cras`sa*men"tum (-mn"tm), n. Etym: [L. crassamentum, fr. crassare to make thick. See Crass, a.]

Defn: A semisolid mass or clot, especially that formed in coagulation of the blood.

CRASSIMENT
Cras"si*ment (krs"s-ment), n.

Defn: See Crassament.

CRASSITUDE
Cras"si*tude (-td), n. Etym: [L. crassitudo.]

Defn: Crossness; coarseness; thickness; density. Bacon.

CRASSNESS
Crass"ness (krs"ns), n.

Defn: Grossness. [Obs.] Glanvill.

CRASTINATION Cras`ti*na"tion (krs`t-n"shn), n. Etym: [L. crastinus of to-morrow, from cras to-morrow.]

Defn: Procrastination; a putting off till to-morrow. [Obs.]

CRATAEGUS
Cra*tæ"gus (kr-t"gs), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of small, hardy trees, including the hawthorn, much used for ornamental purposes.

CRATCH Cratch (krch; 224), n. Etym: [OE. crache, creche, F. cr crib, manger, fr. OHG. krippa, krippea,G. krippe crib. See Crib.]

Defn: A manger or open frame for hay; a crib; a rack. [Obs.] Begin from first where He encradled was, In simple cratch, wrapt in a wad of hay. Spenser. Cratch cradle, a representation of the figure of the cratch, made upon the fingers with a string; cat's cradle; — called also scratch cradle.

CRATE
Crate (krt), n. Etym: [L. cratis hurdle; perh. akin to E. cradle. See
Hurdle, and cf. Crate a framework.]

1. A large basket or hamper of wickerwork, used for the transportation of china, crockery, and similar wares.

2. A box or case whose sides are of wooden slats with interspaces, — used especially for transporting fruit.

CRATE
Crate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Crated; p. pr. & vb. n. Crating.]

Defn: To pack in a crate or case for transportation; as, to crate a sewing machine; to crate peaches.

CRATER Cra"ter (krtr), n. Etym: [L. crater, cratera, a mixing vessel, the mouth of a volcano, Gr. ir to cook, Crail, in Holy Grail.]

1. The basinlike opening or mouth of a volcano, through which the chief eruption comes; similarly, the mouth of a gevser, about which a cone of silica is often built up.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: The pit left by the explosion of a mine.

3. (Astron.)

Defn: A constellation of the southen hemisphere; — called also the
Cup.

CRATERIFORM
Cra*ter"i*form (kr-tr"-frm), a. Etym: [L. cratera + -form.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the form of a shallow bowl; — said of a corolla.

CRATEROUS
CRa"ter*ous (kr"tr-s), a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, a crater. [R.] R. Browning.

CRAUNCH Craunch (krnch), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Craunched (krncht);p. pr. & vb. n. Craunching.] Etym: [See Crunch.]

Defn: To crush with the teeth; to chew with violence and noise; to crunch. Swift.

CRAVAT Cra*vat" (kr-vt"), n. Etym: [F. cravate, fr. Cravate a Croat, an inhabitant of Croatia, one of a body of Austrian troops, from whom, in 1636, this article of dress was adopted in France.]

Defn: A neckcloth; a piece of silk, fine muslin, or other cloth, worn
by men about the neck.
While his wig was combed and his cravat tied. Macualay.

CRAVATTED
Cra*vat`ted (kr-vt"td), a.

Defn: Wearing a cravat.
The young men faultlessly appointed, handsomely cravatted. Thackeray.

CRAVE
Crave (krv), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Craved (kr; p pr. & vb. n. Craving.]
Etym: [AS. crafian; akin to Icel. krefia, Sw. kr, Dan. kr.]

1. To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to implore. I crave your honor's pardon. Shak. Joseph . . . went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus. Mark xv. 43.

2. To call for, as a gratification; to long for; hence, to require or demand; as, the stomach craves food. His path is one that eminently craves weary walking. Edmund Gurney.

Syn. — To ask; seek; beg; beseech; implore; entreat; solicit; request; supplicate; adjure.

CRAVE
Crave, v. i.

Defn: To desire strongly; to feel an insatiable longing; as, a
craving appetite.
Once one may crave for love. Suckling.

CRAVEN Cra"ven (kr"v'n), a. Etym: [OE. cravant, cravaunde, OF. cravant struck down, p. p. of cravanter, crevanter, to break, crush, strike down, fr. an assumed LL. crepantare, fr. L. crepans, p. pr. of crepare to break, crack, rattle. Cf. Crevice, Crepitate.]

Defn: Cowardly; fainthearted; spiritless. "His craven heart." Shak.
The poor craven bridegroom said never a word. Sir. W. Scott.
In craven fear of the sarcasm of Dorset. Macualay.

CRAVEN
Cra"ven, n. Etym: [Formerly written also cravant and cravent.]