The Natural History of Pliny, Volume 1 (of 6)

by the Elder Pliny

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Contents

1. Preface
2. The Life and Writings of Pliny
3. Book I. Dedication. C. Plinius Secundus to His Friend Titus Vespasian
4. Book II. An Account of the World and the Elements
5. Chap. 1. (1.)—Whether the World Be Finite, and Whether There Be More Than One World
6. Chap. 2. (2.)—Of the Form of the World
7. Chap. 3. (3.)—Of Its Nature; Whence the Name Is Derived
8. Chap. 4. (5.)—Of the Elements and the Planets
9. Chap. 5. (7.)—Of God
10. Chap. 6. (8.)—Of the Nature of the Stars; Of the Motion of the Planets
11. Chap. 7.—Of the Eclipses of the Moon and the Sun
12. Chap. 8. (11.)—Of the Magnitude of the Stars
13. Chap. 9. (12.)—An Account of the Observations That Have Been Made on the Heavens by Different Individuals
14. Chap. 10. (13.)—On the Recurrence of the Eclipses of the Sun and the Moon
15. Chap. 11. (14.)—Of the Motion of the Moon
16. Chap. 12. (15.)—Of the Motions of the Planets and the General Laws of Their Aspects
17. Chap. 13.—Why the Same Stars Appear at Some Times More Lofty and at Other Times More Near
18. Chap. 14. (17.)—Why the Same Stars Have Different Motions
19. Chap. 15.—General Laws of the Planets
20. Chap. 16. (18.)—The Reason Why the Stars Are of Different Colours
21. Chap. 17. (19.)—Of the Motion of the Sun and the Cause of the Irregularity of the Days
22. Chap. 18. (20.)—Why Thunder Is Ascribed to Jupiter
23. Chap. 19. (21.)—Of the Distances of the Stars
24. Chap. 20. (22.)—Of the Harmony of the Stars
25. Chap. 21. (23.)—Of the Dimensions of the World
26. Chap. 22. (24.)—Of the Stars Which Appear Suddenly, or of Comets
27. Chap. 23.—Their Nature, Situation, and Species
28. Chap. 24. (26.)—The Doctrine of Hipparchus About the Stars
29. Chap. 25.—Examples from History of Celestial Prodigies; Faces , Lampades , and Bolides
30. Chap. 26.— Trabes Celestes ; Chasma Cœli
31. Chap. 27. (27.)—Of the Colours of the Sky and of Celestial Flame
32. Chap. 28. (28.)—Of Celestial Coronæ
33. Chap. 29.—Of Sudden Circles
34. Chap. 31. (31.)—Many Suns
35. Chap. 33. (33.)—Daylight in the Night
36. Chap. 35. (35.)—An Ominous Appearance in the Heavens, That Was Seen Once Only
37. Chap. 37. (37.)—Of the Stars Which Are Named Castor and Pollux
38. Chap. 38. (38.)—Of the Air and on the Cause of the Showers of Stones
39. Chap. 39. (39.)—Of the Stated Seasons
40. Chap. 40. (40.)—Of the Rising of the Dog-Star
41. Chap. 41. (41.)—Of the Regular Influence of the Different Seasons
42. Chap. 42. (42.)—Of Uncertain States of the Weather
43. Chap. 43. (43.)—Of Thunder and Lightning
44. Chap. 44.—The Origin of Winds
45. Chap. 45.—Various Observations Respecting Winds
46. Chap. 46. (47.)—The Different Kinds of Winds
47. Chap. 47.—The Periods of the Winds
48. Chap. 48.—Nature of the Winds
49. Chap. 49. (48.)—Ecnephias and Typhon
50. Chap. 50.—Tornadoes; Blasting Winds; Whirlwinds, and Other Wonderful Kinds of Tempests
51. Chap. 51. (50.)—Of Thunder; In What Countries It Does Not Fall, and for What Reason
52. Chap. 52. (51.)—Of the Different Kinds of Lightning and Their Wonderful Effects
53. Chap. 53. (52.)—The Etrurian and the Roman Observations on These Points
54. Chap. 54. (53.)—Of Conjuring Up Thunder
55. Chap. 55. (54.)—General Laws of Lightning
56. Chap. 56. (55.)—Objects Which Are Never Struck
57. Chap. 57. (56.)—Showers of Milk, Blood, Flesh, Iron, Wool, and Baked Tiles
58. Chap. 58. (57.)—Rattling of Arms and the Sound of Trumpets Heard in the Sky
59. Chap. 59. (58.)—Of Stones That Have Fallen from the Clouds. The Opinion of Anaxagoras Respecting Them
60. Chap. 60. (59.)—The Rainbow
61. Chap. 61.—The Nature of Hail, Snow, Hoar, Mist, Dew; The Forms of Clouds
62. Chap. 62. (62.)—The Peculiarities of the Weather in Different Places
63. Chap. 63. (63.)—Nature of the Earth
64. Chap. 64. (64.)—Of the Form of the Earth
65. Chap. 65. (65.)—Whether There Be Antipodes?
66. Chap. 66.—How the Water Is Connected with the Earth. Of the Navigation of the Sea and the Rivers
67. Chap. 67. (67.)—Whether the Ocean Surrounds the Earth
68. Chap. 68. (68.)—What Part of the Earth Is Inhabited
69. Chap. 69. (69.)—That the Earth Is in the Middle of the World
70. Chap. 70. (70.)—Of the Obliquity of the Zones
71. Chap. 71.—Of the Inequality of Climates
72. Chap. 72.—In What Places Eclipses Are Invisible, and Why This Is the Case
73. Chap. 73. (71.)—What Regulates the Daylight on the Earth
74. Chap. 74. (72.)—Remarks on Dials, as Connected with This Subject
75. Chap. 75. (73.)—When and Where There Are No Shadows
76. Chap. 77. (75.)—Where the Days Are the Longest and Where the Shortest
77. Chap. 78. (76.)—Of the First Dial
78. Chap. 79. (77.)—Of the Mode in Which the Days Are Computed
79. Chap. 80. (78.)—Of the Difference of Nations as Depending on the Nature of the World
80. Chap. 81. (79.)—Of Earthquakes
81. Chap. 82. (80.)—Of Clefts of the Earth
82. Chap. 83. (81.)—Signs of an Approaching Earthquake
83. Chap. 84. (82.)—Preservatives Against Future Earthquakes
84. Chap. 85. (83.)—Prodigies of the Earth Which Have Occurred Once Only
85. Chap. 86. (84.)—Wonderful Circumstances Attending Earthquakes
86. Chap. 87. (85.)—In What Places the Sea Has Receded
87. Chap. 89. (87.)—What Islands Have Been Formed, and at What Periods
88. Chap 90.—Lands Which Have Been Separated by the Sea
89. Chap. 91. (89.)—Islands Which Have Been United to the Main Land
90. Chap. 92. (90.)—Lands Which Have Been Totally Changed Into Seas
91. Chap. 93. (91.)—Lands Which Have Been Swallowed Up
92. Chap. 94. (92.)—Cities Which Have Been Absorbed by the Sea
93. Chap. 95. (93.)—Of Vents in the Earth
94. Chap. 96. (94.)—Of Certain Lands Which Are Always Shaking, and of Floating Islands
95. Chap. 97. (96.)—Places in Which It Never Rains
96. Chap. 98.—The Wonders of Various Countries Collected Together
97. Chap. 99. (97.)—Concerning the Cause of the Flowing and Ebbing of the Sea
98. Chap. 100.—Where the Tides Rise and Fall in an Unusual Manner
99. Chap. 101. (98.)—Wonders of the Sea
100. Chap. 102. (99.)—The Power of the Moon Over the Land and the Sea
101. Chap. 104.—Why the Sea Is Salt
102. Chap. 105. (102.)—Where the Sea Is the Deepest
103. Chap. 106. (103.)—The Wonders of Fountains and Rivers
104. Chap. 108. (104.)—Of Maltha
105. Chap. 109. (105.)—Of Naphtha
106. Chap. 110. (106.)—Places Which Are Always Burning
107. Chap. 111. (107.)—Wonders of Fire Alone
108. Chap. 112. (108.)—The Dimensions of the Earth
109. Chap. 113.—The Harmonical Proportion of the Universe
110. Book III. An Account of Countries, Nations, Seas, Towns, Havens, Mountains, Rivers, Distances, and Peoples Who Now Exist or Formerly Existed. Introduction
111. Chap. 1. (1.)—The Boundaries and Gulfs of Europe First Set Forth in a General Way
112. Chap. 2.—Of Spain Generally
113. Chap. 3.—Of Bætica
114. Chap. 4. (3.)—Of Nearer Spain
115. Chap. 5. (4.)—Of the Province of Gallia Narbonensis
116. Chap. 6. (5.)—Of Italy
117. Chap. 7.—Of the Ninth Region of Italy
118. Chap. 8.—The Seventh Region of Italy
119. Chap. 9.—The First Region of Italy; The Tiber; Rome
120. Chap. 10.—The Third Region of Italy
121. Chap. 11.—Sixty-Four Islands, Among Which Are the Baleares
122. Chap. 12. (6.)—Corsica
123. Chap. 13.—Sardinia
124. Chap. 14. (8.)—Sicily
125. Chap. 15. (10.)—Magna Græcia, Beginning at Locri
126. Chap. 16.—The Second Region of Italy
127. Chap. 17. (12.)—The Fourth Region of Italy
128. Chap. 18. (13.)—The Fifth Region of Italy
129. Chap. 19. (14.)—The Sixth Region of Italy
130. Chap. 20. (15.)—The Eighth Region of Italy; The Padus
131. Chap. 21. (17.)—The Eleventh Region of Italy; Italia Transpadana
132. Chap. 22. (18.)—The Tenth Region of Italy
133. Chap. 23. (19.)—Istria, Its People and Locality
134. Chap. 24. (20.)—The Alps, and the Alpine Nations
135. Chap. 25. (21.)—Liburnia and Illyricum
136. Chap. 26. (22.)—Dalmatia
137. Chap. 27. (24.)—The Norici
138. Chap. 28. (25.)—Pannonia
139. Chap. 29. (26.)—Mœsia
140. Chap. 30.—Islands of the Ionian Sea and the Adriatic
141. Chap. 1. (1.)—Epirus
142. Chap. 2.—Acarnania
143. Chap. 3. (2.)—Ætolia
144. Chap. 4. (3.)—Locris and Phocis
145. Chap. 5. (4.)—The Peloponnesus
146. Chap. 6. (5.)—Achaia
147. Chap. 7.—Messenia
148. Chap. 8.—Laconia
149. Chap. 9.—Argolis
150. Chap. 10. (6.)—Arcadia
151. Chap. 11. (7.)—Attica
152. Chap. 12.—Bœotia
153. Chap. 14.—Phthiotis
154. Chap. 15. (8.)—Thessaly Proper
155. Chap. 16. (9.)—Magnesia
156. Chap. 17. (10.)—Macedonia
157. Chap. 18. (11.)—Thrace; The Ægean Sea
158. Chap. 19. (12.)—The Islands Which Lie Before the Lands Already Mentioned
159. Chap. 20.—Crete
160. Chap. 21.—Eubœa
161. Chap. 22.—The Cyclades
162. Chap. 23.—The Sporades
163. Chap. 24.—The Hellespont.—The Lake Mæotis
164. Chap. 25.—Dacia, Sarmatia
165. Chap. 26.—Scythia
166. Chap. 27.—The Islands of the Euxine. The Islands of the Northern Ocean
167. Chap. 28.—Germany
168. Chap. 29. (15.)—Ninety-Six Islands of the Gallic Ocean
169. Chap. 30. (16.)—Britannia
170. Chap. 31. (17.)—Gallia Belgica
171. Chap. 32. (18.)—Gallia Lugdunensis
172. Chap. 33. (19.)—Gallia Aquitanica
173. Chap. 34. (20.)—Nearer Spain, Its Coast Along the Gallic Ocean
174. Chap. 35. (21.)—Lusitania
175. Chap. 36.—The Islands in the Atlantic Ocean
176. Chap. 37. (23.)—The General Measurement of Europe
177. Chap. 1.—The Two Mauritanias
178. Chap. 2. (3.)—Numidia
179. Chap. 3. (4.)—Africa
180. Chap. 4.—The Syrtes
181. Chap. 5. (5.)—Cyrenaica
182. Chap. 6. (6.)—Libya Mareotis
183. Chap. 7. (7.)—The Islands in the Vicinity of Africa
184. Chap. 8. (8.)—Countries on the Other Side of Africa
185. Chap. 9. (9.)—Egypt and Thebais
186. Chap. 10.—The River Nile
187. Chap. 11.—The Cities of Egypt
188. Chap. 12. (11.)—The Coasts of Arabia, Situate on the Egyptian Sea
189. Chap. 13. (12.)—Syria
190. Chap. 14.—Idumæa, Palæstina, and Samaria
191. Chap. 15. (14.)—Judæa
192. Chap. 16. (18.)—Decapolis
193. Chap. 17. (19.)—Phœnice
194. Chap. 18.—Syria Antiochia
195. Chap. 19. (23.)—The Remaining Parts of Syria
196. Chap. 20. (24.)—The Euphrates
197. Chap. 21.—Syria Upon the Euphrates
198. Chap. 22. (27.)—Cilicia and the Adjoining Nations
199. Chap. 23.—Isauria and the Homonades
200. Chap. 25.—Lycaonia
201. Chap. 26.—Pamphylia
202. Chap. 27.—Mount Taurus
203. Chap. 28.—Lycia
204. Chap. 29.—Caria
205. Chap. 30.—Lydia
206. Chap. 31.—Ionia
207. Chap. 32. (30.)—Æolis
208. Chap. 33.—Troas and the Adjoining Nations
209. Chap. 34. (31.)—The Islands Which Lie in Front of Asia
210. Chap. 35.—Cyprus
211. Chap. 36.—Rhodes
212. Chap. 37.—Samos
213. Chap. 38.—Chios
214. Chap. 39.—Lesbos
215. Chap. 40. (32.)—The Hellespont and Mysia
216. Chap. 41.—Phrygia
217. Chap. 42.—Galatia and the Adjoining Nations
218. Chap. 43.—Bithynia
219. Chap. 44.—The Islands of the Propontis
220. Appendix of Corrections

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