@2001 Gdp (part 4)

Iceland
23 counties (syslur, singular - sysla) and 14 independent
towns* (kaupstadhir, singular - kaupstadhur); Akranes*, Akureyri*,
Arnessysla, Austur-Bardhastrandarsysla, Austur-Hunavatnssysla,
Austur-Skaftafellssysla, Borgarfjardharsysla, Dalasysla,
Eyjafjardharsysla, Gullbringusysla, Hafnarfjordhur*, Husavik*,
Isafjordhur*, Keflavik*, Kjosarsysla, Kopavogur*, Myrasysla,
Neskaupstadhur*, Nordhur-Isafjardharsysla, Nordhur-Mulasys-la,
Nordhur-Thingeyjarsysla, Olafsfjordhur*, Rangarvallasysla,
Reykjavik*, Saudharkrokur*, Seydhisfjordhur*, Siglufjordhur*,
Skagafjardharsysla, Snaefellsnes-og Hnappadalssysla, Strandasysla,
Sudhur-Mulasysla, Sudhur-Thingeyjarsysla, Vesttmannaeyjar*,
Vestur-Bardhastrandarsysla, Vestur-Hunavatnssysla,
Vestur-Isafjardharsysla, Vestur-Skaftafellssysla
note: there may be four other counties

India
28 states and 7 union territories*; Andaman and Nicobar
Islands*, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar,
Chandigarh*, Chhattisgarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli*, Daman and Diu*,
Delhi*, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir,
Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep*, Madhya Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa,
Pondicherry*, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura,
Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal

Indonesia
27 provinces (propinsi-propinsi, singular - propinsi), 2
special regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah
istimewa), and 1 special capital city district** (daerah khusus
ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jakarta Raya**,
Jambi, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat,
Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur, Kepulauan
Bangka Belitung, Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat,
Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua, Riau, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah,
Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Selatan,
Sumatera Utara, Yogyakarta*; note - with the implementation of
decentralization on 1 January 2001, the 357 districts (regencies)
have become the key administrative units responsible for providing
most government services
note: following the 30 August 1999 provincial referendum for
independence that was overwhelmingly approved by the people of Timor
Timur and the October 1999 concurrence of Indonesia's national
legislature, the name East Timor was adopted as the provisional name
for the political entity formerly known as Propinsi Timor Timur;
East Timor gained its formal independence on 20 May 2002

Iran
28 provinces (ostanha, singular - ostan); Ardabil, Azarbayjan-e
Gharbi, Azarbayjan-e Sharqi, Bushehr, Chahar Mahall va Bakhtiari,
Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Hamadan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman,
Kermanshah, Khorasan, Khuzestan, Kohkiluyeh va Buyer Ahmad,
Kordestan, Lorestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Qazvin, Qom, Semnan,
Sistan va Baluchestan, Tehran, Yazd, Zanjan

Iraq
18 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Al Anbar, Al
Basrah, Al Muthanna, Al Qadisiyah, An Najaf, Arbil, As Sulaymaniyah,
At Ta'mim, Babil, Baghdad, Dahuk, Dhi Qar, Diyala, Karbala', Maysan,
Ninawa, Salah ad Din, Wasit

Ireland
26 counties; Carlow, Cavan, Clare, Cork, Donegal, Dublin,
Galway, Kerry, Kildare, Kilkenny, Laois, Leitrim, Limerick,
Longford, Louth, Mayo, Meath, Monaghan, Offaly, Roscommon, Sligo,
Tipperary, Waterford, Westmeath, Wexford, Wicklow
note: Cavan, Donegal, and Monaghan are part of Ulster Province

Israel
6 districts (mehozot, singular - mehoz); Central, Haifa,
Jerusalem, Northern, Southern, Tel Aviv

Italy
20 regions (regioni, singular - regione); Abruzzi, Basilicata,
Calabria, Campania, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Lazio,
Liguria, Lombardia, Marche, Molise, Piemonte, Puglia, Sardegna,
Sicilia, Toscana, Trentino-Alto Adige, Umbria, Valle d'Aosta, Veneto

Jamaica
14 parishes; Clarendon, Hanover, Kingston, Manchester,
Portland, Saint Andrew, Saint Ann, Saint Catherine, Saint Elizabeth,
Saint James, Saint Mary, Saint Thomas, Trelawny, Westmoreland

Japan
47 prefectures; Aichi, Akita, Aomori, Chiba, Ehime, Fukui,
Fukuoka, Fukushima, Gifu, Gumma, Hiroshima, Hokkaido, Hyogo,
Ibaraki, Ishikawa, Iwate, Kagawa, Kagoshima, Kanagawa, Kochi,
Kumamoto, Kyoto, Mie, Miyagi, Miyazaki, Nagano, Nagasaki, Nara,
Niigata, Oita, Okayama, Okinawa, Osaka, Saga, Saitama, Shiga,
Shimane, Shizuoka, Tochigi, Tokushima, Tokyo, Tottori, Toyama,
Wakayama, Yamagata, Yamaguchi, Yamanashi

Jersey
none (British crown dependency)

Jordan
12 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Ajlun, Al
'Aqabah, Al Balqa', Al Karak, Al Mafraq, 'Amman, At Tafilah, Az
Zarqa', Irbid, Jarash, Ma'an, Madaba

Kazakhstan
14 provinces (oblystar, singular - oblys) and 3 cities*
(qala, singular - qalasy); Almaty Oblysy, Almaty Qalasy*, Aqmola
Oblysy (Astana), Aqtobe Oblysy, Astana Qalasy*, Atyrau Oblysy, Batys
Qazaqstan Oblysy (Oral), Bayqongyr Qalasy*, Mangghystau Oblysy
(Aqtau), Ongtustik Qazaqstan Oblysy (Shymkent), Pavlodar Oblysy,
Qaraghandy Oblysy, Qostanay Oblysy, Qyzylorda Oblysy, Shyghys
Qazaqstan Oblysy (Oskemen), Soltustik Qazaqstan Oblysy
(Petropavlovsk), Zhambyl Oblysy (Taraz)
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their
administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center
name following in parentheses); in 1995 the Governments of
Kazakhstan and Russia entered into an agreement whereby Russia would
lease for a period of 20 years an area of 6,000 sq km enclosing the
Baykonur space launch facilities and the city of Bayqongyr
(Baykonyr, formerly Leninsk)

Kenya
7 provinces and 1 area*; Central, Coast, Eastern, Nairobi
Area*, North Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley, Western

Kiribati
3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands;
note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts,
Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21
island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang,
Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton,
Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa,
Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina)

Korea, North
9 provinces (do, singular and plural) and 4 special
cities* (si, singular and plural); Chagang-do (Chagang Province),
Hamgyong-bukto (North Hamgyong Province), Hamgyong-namdo (South
Hamgyong Province), Hwanghae-bukto (North Hwanghae Province),
Hwanghae-namdo (South Hwanghae Province), Kaesong-si* (Kaesong
City), Kangwon-do (Kangwon Province), Najin Sonbong-si*, Namp'o-si*
(Namp'o City), P'yongan-bukto (North P'yongan Province),
P'yongan-namdo (South P'yongan Province), P'yongyang-si* (Pyongyang
City), Yanggang-do (Yanggang Province)

Korea, South
9 provinces (do, singular and plural) and 7
metropolitan cities* (gwangyoksi, singular and plural); Cheju-do,
Cholla-bukto, Cholla-namdo, Ch'ungch'ong-bukto, Ch'ungch'ong-namdo,
Inch'on-gwangyoksi*, Kangwon-do, Kwangju-gwangyoksi*, Kyonggi-do,
Kyongsang-bukto, Kyongsang-namdo, Pusan-gwangyoksi*,
Soul-t'ukpyolsi*, Taegu-gwangyoksi*, Taejon-gwangyoksi*,
Ulsan-gwangyoksi*

Kuwait
5 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Al Ahmadi,
Al Farwaniyah, Al 'Asimah, Al Jahra', Hawalli

Kyrgyzstan
7 provinces (oblastlar, singular - oblasty) and 1 city*
(shaar); Batken Oblasty, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblasty (Bishkek),
Jalal-Abad Oblasty, Naryn Oblasty, Osh Oblasty, Talas Oblasty,
Ysyk-Kol Oblasty (Karakol)
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their
administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center
name following in parentheses)

Laos
16 provinces (khoueng, singular and plural), 1 municipality*
(kampheng nakhon, singular and plural), and 1 special zone**
(khetphiset, singular and plural); Attapu, Bokeo, Bolikhamxai,
Champasak, Houaphan, Khammouan, Louangnamtha, Louangphabang,
Oudomxai, Phongsali, Salavan, Savannakhet, Viangchan*, Viangchan,
Xaignabouli, Xaisomboun**, Xekong, Xiangkhoang

Latvia
26 counties (singular - rajons) and 7 municipalities*:
Aizkraukles Rajons, Aluksnes Rajons, Balvu Rajons, Bauskas Rajons,
Cesu Rajons, Daugavpils*, Daugavpils Rajons, Dobeles Rajons,
Gulbenes Rajons, Jekabpils Rajons, Jelgava*, Jelgavas Rajons,
Jurmala*, Kraslavas Rajons, Kuldigas Rajons, Liepaja*, Liepajas
Rajons, Limbazu Rajons, Ludzas Rajons, Madonas Rajons, Ogres Rajons,
Preilu Rajons, Rezekne*, Rezeknes Rajons, Riga*, Rigas Rajons,
Saldus Rajons, Talsu Rajons, Tukuma Rajons, Valkas Rajons, Valmieras
Rajons, Ventspils*, Ventspils Rajons

Lebanon
6 governorates (mohafazat, singular - mohafazah); Beyrouth,
Beqaa, Liban-Nord, Liban-Sud, Mont-Liban, Nabatiye

Lesotho
10 districts; Berea, Butha-Buthe, Leribe, Mafeteng, Maseru,
Mohales Hoek, Mokhotlong, Qacha's Nek, Quthing, Thaba-Tseka

Liberia
15 counties; Bomi, Bong, Gparbolu, Grand Bassa, Grand Cape
Mount, Grand Gedeh, Grand Kru, Lofa, Margibi, Maryland, Montserrado,
Nimba, River Cess, River Gee, Sinoe

Libya
25 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ajdabiya,
Al 'Aziziyah, Al Fatih, Al Jabal al Akhdar, Al Jufrah, Al Khums, Al
Kufrah, An Nuqat al Khams, Ash Shati', Awbari, Az Zawiyah, Banghazi,
Darnah, Ghadamis, Gharyan, Misratah, Murzuq, Sabha, Sawfajjin, Surt,
Tarabulus, Tarhunah, Tubruq, Yafran, Zlitan; note - the 25
municipalities may have been replaced by 13 regions

Liechtenstein
11 communes (Gemeinden, singular - Gemeinde); Balzers,
Eschen, Gamprin, Mauren, Planken, Ruggell, Schaan, Schellenberg,
Triesen, Triesenberg, Vaduz

Lithuania
10 counties (apskritys, singular - apskritis); Alytaus,
Kauno, Klaipedos, Marijampoles, Panevezio, Siauliu, Taurages,
Telsiu, Utenos, Vilniaus

Luxembourg
3 districts; Diekirch, Grevenmacher, Luxembourg

Macau
none (special administrative region of China)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
123 municipalities
(opstini, singular - opstina); Aracinovo, Bac, Belcista, Berovo,
Bistrica, Bitola, Blatec, Bogdanci, Bogomila, Bogovinje, Bosilovo,
Brvenica, Cair (Skopje), Capari, Caska, Cegrane, Centar (Skopje),
Centar Zupa, Cesinovo, Cucer-Sandevo, Debar, Delcevo, Delogozdi,
Demir Hisar, Demir Kapija, Dobrusevo, Dolna Banjica, Dolneni, Dorce
Petrov (Skopje), Drugovo, Dzepciste, Gazi Baba (Skopje), Gevgelija,
Gostivar, Gradsko, Ilinden, Izvor, Jegunovce, Kamenjane, Karbinci,
Karpos (Skopje), Kavadarci, Kicevo, Kisela Voda (Skopje), Klecevce,
Kocani, Konce, Kondovo, Konopiste, Kosel, Kratovo, Kriva Palanka,
Krivogastani, Krusevo, Kuklis, Kukurecani, Kumanovo, Labunista,
Lipkovo, Lozovo, Lukovo, Makedonska Kamenica, Makedonski Brod,
Mavrovi Anovi, Meseista, Miravci, Mogila, Murtino, Negotino,
Negotino-Polosko, Novaci, Novo Selo, Oblesevo, Ohrid, Orasac,
Orizari, Oslomej, Pehcevo, Petrovec, Plasnica, Podares, Prilep,
Probistip, Radovis, Rankovce, Resen, Rosoman, Rostusa, Samokov,
Saraj, Sipkovica, Sopiste, Sopotnica, Srbinovo, Star Dojran,
Staravina, Staro Nagoricane, Stip, Struga, Strumica, Studenicani,
Suto Orizari (Skopje), Sveti Nikole, Tearce, Tetovo, Topolcani,
Valandovo, Vasilevo, Velesta, Veles, Vevcani, Vinica, Vitoliste,
Vranestica, Vrapciste, Vratnica, Vrutok, Zajas, Zelenikovo, Zeleno,
Zitose, Zletovo, Zrnovci
note: the seven municipalities followed by Skopje in parentheses
collectively constitute "greater Skopje"

Madagascar
6 provinces (faritany); Antananarivo, Antsiranana,
Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara

Malawi
27 districts; Balaka, Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu,
Chitipa, Dedza, Dowa, Karonga, Kasungu, Likoma, Lilongwe, Machinga
(Kasupe), Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mwanza, Mzimba, Ntcheu, Nkhata
Bay, Nkhotakota, Nsanje, Ntchisi, Phalombe, Rumphi, Salima, Thyolo,
Zomba

Malaysia
13 states (negeri-negeri, singular - negeri) and 3 federal
territories* (wilayah-wilayah persekutuan, singular - wilayah
persekutuan); Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Labuan*, Melaka, Negeri
Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Putrajaya*, Sabah,
Sarawak, Selangor, Terengganu, Wilayah Persekutuan*
note: the city of Kuala Lumpur is within the federal territory of
Wilayah Persekutuan; the terms therefore are not interchangeable;

Maldives
19 atolls (atholhu, singular and plural) and 1 other
first-order administrative division*; Alifu, Baa, Dhaalu, Faafu,
Gaafu Alifu, Gaafu Dhaalu, Gnaviyani, Haa Alifu, Haa Dhaalu, Kaafu,
Laamu, Lhaviyani, Maale*, Meemu, Noonu, Raa, Seenu, Shaviyani, Thaa,
Vaavu

Mali
8 regions (regions, singular - region); Gao, Kayes, Kidal,
Koulikoro, Mopti, Segou, Sikasso, Tombouctou

Malta
none (administered directly from Valletta); note - Local
Councils carry out administrative orders

Man, Isle of
there are no first-order administrative divisions as
defined by the US Government, but there are 24 local authorities
each with its own elections

Marshall Islands
33 municipalities; Ailinginae, Ailinglaplap, Ailuk,
Arno, Aur, Bikar, Bikini, Bokak, Ebon, Enewetak, Erikub, Jabat,
Jaluit, Jemo, Kili, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Likiep, Majuro, Maloelap,
Mejit, Mili, Namorik, Namu, Rongelap, Rongrik, Toke, Ujae, Ujelang,
Utirik, Wotho, Wotje

Martinique
none (overseas department of France)

Mauritania
12 regions (regions, singular - region) and 1 capital
district*; Adrar, Assaba, Brakna, Dakhlet Nouadhibou, Gorgol,
Guidimaka, Hodh Ech Chargui, Hodh El Gharbi, Inchiri, Nouakchott*,
Tagant, Tiris Zemmour, Trarza

Mauritius
9 districts and 3 dependencies*; Agalega Islands*, Black
River, Cargados Carajos Shoals*, Flacq, Grand Port, Moka,
Pamplemousses, Plaines Wilhems, Port Louis, Riviere du Rempart,
Rodrigues*, Savanne

Mayotte
none (territorial collectivity of France)

Mexico
31 states (estados, singular - estado) and 1 federal
district* (distrito federal); Aguascalientes, Baja California, Baja
California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza,
Colima, Distrito Federal*, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo,
Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan de Ocampo, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon,
Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro de Arteaga, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi,
Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz-Llave,
Yucatan, Zacatecas

Micronesia, Federated States of
4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae
(Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap

Moldova
9 counties (judetele, singular - judetul), 1 municipality*
(municipiul), 1 autonomous territorial unit** (unitate teritoriala
autonoma), and 1 territorial unit*** (unitate teritoriala); Balti,
Cahul, Chisinau, Chisinau*, Edinet, Gagauzia**, Lapusna, Orhei,
Soroca, Stinga Nistrului***, Tighina, Ungheni

Monaco
none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as
defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters
(quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine,
Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo

Mongolia
21 provinces (aymguud, singular - aymag) and 1
municipality* (singular - hot); Arhangay, Bayanhongor, Bayan-Olgiy,
Bulgan, Darhan Uul, Dornod, Dornogovi, Dundgovi, Dzavhan,
Govi-Altay, Govi-Sumber, Hentiy, Hovd, Hovsgol, Omnogovi, Orhon,
Ovorhangay, Selenge, Suhbaatar, Tov, Ulaanbaatar*, Uvs

Montserrat
3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter

Morocco
37 provinces and 2 wilayas*; Agadir, Al Hoceima, Azilal,
Beni Mellal, Ben Slimane, Boulemane, Casablanca*, Chaouen, El
Jadida, El Kelaa des Sraghna, Er Rachidia, Essaouira, Fes, Figuig,
Guelmim, Ifrane, Kenitra, Khemisset, Khenifra, Khouribga, Laayoune,
Larache, Marrakech, Meknes, Nador, Ouarzazate, Oujda, Rabat-Sale*,
Safi, Settat, Sidi Kacem, Tanger, Tan-Tan, Taounate, Taroudannt,
Tata, Taza, Tetouan, Tiznit; three additional provinces of Ad Dakhla
(Oued Eddahab), Boujdour, and Es Smara as well as parts of Tan-Tan
and Laayoune fall within Moroccan-claimed Western Sahara
note: as part of a 1997 decentralization/regionalization law passed
by the legislature 16 new regions (provided below) were created
although full details and scope of the reorganization are limited :
Casablanca, Chaouia-Ourdigha, Doukkala-Abda, Fes-Boulmane,
Gharb-Chrarda-Beni Hssen, Guelmim-Es Smara, Laayoune-Boujdour-Sakia
El Hamra, Marrakech-Tensift-El Haouz, Meknes-Tafilalet, Oriental,
Oued Eddahab-Lagouira, Rabat-Sale-Zemmour-Zaer, Souss-Massa-Draa,
Tadla-Azilal, Tangier-Tetouan, Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate

Mozambique
10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 city*;
Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Maputo City*,
Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia

Namibia
13 regions; Caprivi, Erongo, Hardap, Karas, Khomas, Kunene,
Ohangwena, Okavango, Omaheke, Omusati, Oshana, Oshikoto, Otjozondjupa

Nauru
14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe,
Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren

Nepal
14 zones (anchal, singular and plural); Bagmati, Bheri,
Dhawalagiri, Gandaki, Janakpur, Karnali, Kosi, Lumbini, Mahakali,
Mechi, Narayani, Rapti, Sagarmatha, Seti

Netherlands
12 provinces (provincies, singular - provincie);
Drenthe, Flevoland, Friesland, Gelderland, Groningen, Limburg,
Noord-Brabant, Noord-Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland,
Zuid-Holland

Netherlands Antilles
none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
note: each island has its own government

New Caledonia
none (overseas territory of France); there are no
first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US
Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and
Sud

New Zealand
16 regions; Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury,
Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago,
Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Manawatu-Wanganui, Wellington,
West Coast

Nicaragua
15 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento)
and 2 autonomous regions* (regiones autonomistas, singular - region
autonomista); Atlantico Norte*, Atlantico Sur*, Boaco, Carazo,
Chinandega, Chontales, Esteli, Granada, Jinotega, Leon, Madriz,
Managua, Masaya, Matagalpa, Nueva Segovia, Rio San Juan, Rivas

Niger
7 departments (departements, singular - departement) and 1
capital district* (capitale district); Agadez, Diffa, Dosso, Maradi,
Niamey*, Tahoua, Tillaberi, Zinder

Nigeria
36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Abuja Federal Capital
Territory*, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue,
Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo,
Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa,
Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe,
Zamfara

Niue
none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions
as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the
second order

Norfolk Island
none (territory of Australia)

Northern Mariana Islands
none (commonwealth in political union with
the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as
defined by the US Government, but there are four municipalities at
the second order; Northern Islands, Rota, Saipan, Tinian

Norway
19 provinces (fylker, singular - fylke); Akershus,
Aust-Agder, Buskerud, Finnmark, Hedmark, Hordaland, More og Romsdal,
Nordland, Nord-Trondelag, Oppland, Oslo, Ostfold, Rogaland, Sogn og
Fjordane, Sor-Trondelag, Telemark, Troms, Vest-Agder, Vestfold

Oman
6 regions (mintaqat, singular - mintaqah) and 2 governorates*
(muhafazat, singular - muhafazah) Ad Dakhiliyah, Al Batinah, Al
Wusta, Ash Sharqiyah, Az Zahirah, Masqat, Musandam*, Zufar*; note -
the US Embassy in Oman reports that Masqat is a governorate, but
this has not been confirmed by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN)

Pakistan
4 provinces, 1 territory*, and 1 capital territory**;
Balochistan, Federally Administered Tribal Areas*, Islamabad Capital
Territory**, North-West Frontier Province, Punjab, Sindh
note: the Pakistani-administered portion of the disputed Jammu and
Kashmir region includes Azad Kashmir and the Northern Areas

Palau
16 states; Aimeliik, Airai, Angaur, Hatobohei, Kayangel,
Koror, Melekeok, Ngaraard, Ngarchelong, Ngardmau, Ngatpang,
Ngchesar, Ngeremlengui, Ngiwal, Peleliu, Sonsoral

Panama
9 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1
territory* (comarca); Bocas del Toro, Chiriqui, Cocle, Colon,
Darien, Herrera, Los Santos, Panama, San Blas*, and Veraguas

Papua New Guinea
20 provinces; Bougainville, Central, Chimbu,
Eastern Highlands, East New Britain, East Sepik, Enga, Gulf, Madang,
Manus, Milne Bay, Morobe, National Capital, New Ireland, Northern,
Sandaun, Southern Highlands, Western, Western Highlands, West New
Britain

Paraguay
17 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and
1 capital city*; Alto Paraguay, Alto Parana, Amambay, Asuncion*,
Boqueron, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion,
Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari,
Presidente Hayes, San Pedro

Peru
24 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1
constitutional province* (provincia constitucional); Amazonas,
Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Callao*, Cusco,
Huancavelica, Huanuco, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima,
Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martin,
Tacna, Tumbes, Ucayali
note: some reports indicate that the 24 departments and 1
constitutional province are now being referred to as regions; Peru
is implementing a decentralization program whereby these 25
administrative divisions will begin to exercise greater governmental
authority over their territories; in November 2002, voters chose
their new regional presidents and other regional leaders; the
authority that the regional government will exercise has not yet
been clearly defined, but it will be devolved to the regions over
the course of several years

Philippines
73 provinces and 61 chartered cities*; Abra, Agusan del
Norte, Agusan del Sur, Aklan, Albay, Angeles*, Antique, Aurora,
Bacolod*, Bago*, Baguio*, Bais*, Basilan, Basilan City*, Bataan,
Batanes, Batangas, Batangas City*, Benguet, Bohol, Bukidnon,
Bulacan, Butuan*, Cabanatuan*, Cadiz*, Cagayan, Cagayan de Oro*,
Calbayog*, Caloocan*, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Camiguin,
Canlaon*, Capiz, Catanduanes, Cavite, Cavite City*, Cebu, Cebu
City*, Cotabato*, Dagupan*, Danao*, Dapitan*, Davao City*, Davao del
Norte, Davao del Sur, Davao Oriental, Dipolog*, Dumaguete*, Eastern
Samar, General Santos*, Gingoog*, Ifugao, Iligan*, Ilocos Norte,
Ilocos Sur, Iloilo, Iloilo City*, Iriga*, Isabela, Kalinga-Apayao,
La Carlota*, Laguna, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Laoag*,
Lapu-Lapu*, La Union, Legaspi*, Leyte, Lipa*, Lucena*, Maguindanao,
Mandaue*, Manila*, Marawi*, Marinduque, Masbate, Mindoro Occidental,
Mindoro Oriental, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, Mountain,
Naga*, Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, North Cotabato, Northern
Samar, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Olongapo*, Ormoc*, Oroquieta*,
Ozamis*, Pagadian*, Palawan, Palayan*, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Pasay*,
Puerto Princesa*, Quezon, Quezon City*, Quirino, Rizal, Romblon,
Roxas*, Samar, San Carlos* (in Negros Occidental), San Carlos* (in
Pangasinan), San Jose*, San Pablo*, Silay*, Siquijor, Sorsogon,
South Cotabato, Southern Leyte, Sultan Kudarat, Sulu, Surigao*,
Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Tacloban*, Tagaytay*,
Tagbilaran*, Tangub*, Tarlac, Tawi-Tawi, Toledo*, Trece Martires*,
Zambales, Zamboanga*, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur

Pitcairn Islands
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Poland
16 provinces (wojewodztwa, singular - wojewodztwo);
Dolnoslaskie, Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Lodzkie, Lubelskie, Lubuskie,
Malopolskie, Mazowieckie, Opolskie, Podkarpackie, Podlaskie,
Pomorskie, Slaskie, Swietokrzyskie, Warminsko-Mazurskie,
Wielkopolskie, Zachodniopomorskie

Portugal
18 districts (distritos, singular - distrito) and 2
autonomous regions* (regioes autonomas, singular - regiao autonoma);
Aveiro, Acores (Azores)*, Beja, Braga, Braganca, Castelo Branco,
Coimbra, Evora, Faro, Guarda, Leiria, Lisboa, Madeira*, Portalegre,
Porto, Santarem, Setubal, Viana do Castelo, Vila Real, Viseu

Puerto Rico
none (commonwealth associated with the US); there are no
first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US
Government, but there are 78 municipalities (municipios, singular -
municipio) at the second order; Adjuntas, Aguada, Aguadilla, Aguas
Buenas, Aibonito, Anasco, Arecibo, Arroyo, Barceloneta,
Barranquitas, Bayamon, Cabo Rojo, Caguas, Camuy, Canovanas,
Carolina, Catano, Cayey, Ceiba, Ciales, Cidra, Coamo, Comerio,
Corozal, Culebra, Dorado, Fajardo, Florida, Guanica, Guayama,
Guayanilla, Guaynabo, Gurabo, Hatillo, Hormigueros, Humacao,
Isabela, Jayuya, Juana Diaz, Juncos, Lajas, Lares, Las Marias, Las
Piedras, Loiza, Luquillo, Manati, Maricao, Maunabo, Mayaguez, Moca,
Morovis, Naguabo, Naranjito, Orocovis, Patillas, Penuelas, Ponce,
Quebradillas, Rincon, Rio Grande, Sabana Grande, Salinas, San
German, San Juan, San Lorenzo, San Sebastian, Santa Isabel, Toa
Alta, Toa Baja, Trujillo Alto, Utuado, Vega Alta, Vega Baja,
Vieques, Villalba, Yabucoa, Yauco

Qatar
10 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad
Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar
Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Sa'id, Umm Salal

Reunion
none (overseas department of France); there are no
first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US
Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47
cantons

Romania
41 counties (judete, singular - judet) and 1 municipality*
(municipiu); Alba, Arad, Arges, Bacau, Bihor, Bistrita-Nasaud,
Botosani, Braila, Brasov, Bucuresti*, Buzau, Calarasi,
Caras-Severin, Cluj, Constanta, Covasna, Dimbovita, Dolj, Galati,
Gorj, Giurgiu, Harghita, Hunedoara, Ialomita, Iasi, Ilfov,
Maramures, Mehedinti, Mures, Neamt, Olt, Prahova, Salaj, Satu Mare,
Sibiu, Suceava, Teleorman, Timis, Tulcea, Vaslui, Vilcea, Vrancea

Russia
49 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast), 21 republics*
(respublik, singular - respublika), 10 autonomous
okrugs**(avtonomnykh okrugov, singular - avtonomnyy okrug), 6
krays*** (krayev, singular - kray), 2 federal cities (singular -
gorod)****, and 1 autonomous oblast*****(avtonomnaya oblast');
Adygeya (Maykop)*, Aginskiy Buryatskiy (Aginskoye)**, Altay
(Gorno-Altaysk)*, Altayskiy (Barnaul)***, Amurskaya
(Blagoveshchensk), Arkhangel'skaya, Astrakhanskaya, Bashkortostan
(Ufa)*, Belgorodskaya, Bryanskaya, Buryatiya (Ulan-Ude)*, Chechnya
(Groznyy)*, Chelyabinskaya, Chitinskaya, Chukotskiy (Anadyr')**,
Chuvashiya (Cheboksary)*, Dagestan (Makhachkala)*, Evenkiyskiy
(Tura)**, Ingushetiya (Nazran')*, Irkutskaya, Ivanovskaya,
Kabardino-Balkariya (Nal'chik)*, Kaliningradskaya, Kalmykiya
(Elista)*, Kaluzhskaya, Kamchatskaya (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy),
Karachayevo-Cherkesiya (Cherkessk)*, Kareliya (Petrozavodsk)*,
Kemerovskaya, Khabarovskiy***, Khakasiya (Abakan)*,
Khanty-Mansiyskiy (Khanty-Mansiysk)**, Kirovskaya, Komi
(Syktyvkar)*, Koryakskiy (Palana)**, Kostromskaya, Krasnodarskiy***,
Krasnoyarskiy***, Kurganskaya, Kurskaya, Leningradskaya, Lipetskaya,
Magadanskaya, Mariy-El (Yoshkar-Ola)*, Mordoviya (Saransk)*,
Moskovskaya, Moskva (Moscow)****, Murmanskaya, Nenetskiy
(Nar'yan-Mar)**, Nizhegorodskaya, Novgorodskaya, Novosibirskaya,
Omskaya, Orenburgskaya, Orlovskaya (Orel), Penzenskaya, Permskaya,
Komi-Permyatskiy (Kudymkar)**, Primorskiy (Vladivostok)***,
Pskovskaya, Rostovskaya, Ryazanskaya, Sakha (Yakutiya)*,
Sakhalinskaya (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk), Samarskaya, Sankt-Peterburg
(Saint Petersburg)****, Saratovskaya, Severnaya Osetiya-Alaniya
[North Ossetia] (Vladikavkaz)*, Smolenskaya, Stavropol'skiy***,
Sverdlovskaya (Yekaterinburg), Tambovskaya, Tatarstan (Kazan')*,
Taymyrskiy (Dudinka)**, Tomskaya, Tul'skaya, Tverskaya, Tyumenskaya,
Tyva (Kyzyl)*, Udmurtiya (Izhevsk)*, Ul'yanovskaya, Ust'-Ordynskiy
Buryatskiy (Ust'-Ordynskiy)**, Vladimirskaya, Volgogradskaya,
Vologodskaya, Voronezhskaya, Yamalo-Nenetskiy (Salekhard)**,
Yaroslavskaya, Yevreyskaya*****; note - when using a place name with
an adjectival ending 'skaya' or 'skiy,' the word Oblast' or
Avonomnyy Okrug or Kray should be added to the place name
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their
administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center
name following in parentheses)

Rwanda
12 prefectures (in French - prefectures, singular -
prefecture; in Kinyarwanda - plural - NA, singular - prefegitura);
Butare, Byumba, Cyangugu, Gikongoro, Gisenyi, Gitarama, Kibungo,
Kibuye, Kigali Rurale, Kigali-ville, Umutara, Ruhengeri

Saint Helena
1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*,
Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*

Saint Kitts and Nevis
14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint
Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland,
Saint James Windward, Saint John Capesterre, Saint John Figtree,
Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capesterre, Saint Paul Charlestown,
Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle
Island, Trinity Palmetto Point

Saint Lucia
11 quarters; Anse-la-Raye, Castries, Choiseul, Dauphin,
Dennery, Gros-Islet, Laborie, Micoud, Praslin, Soufriere, Vieux-Fort

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
none (territorial collectivity of France);
note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined
by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre,
Miquelon at the second order

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
6 parishes; Charlotte, Grenadines,
Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick

Samoa
11 districts; A'ana, Aiga-i-le-Tai, Atua, Fa'asaleleaga,
Gaga'emauga, Gagaifomauga, Palauli, Satupa'itea, Tuamasaga,
Va'a-o-Fonoti, Vaisigano

San Marino
9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello);
Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano,
Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle

Sao Tome and Principe
2 provinces; Principe, Sao Tome
note: Principe has had self-government since 29 April 1995

Saudi Arabia
13 provinces (mintaqat, singular - mintaqah); Al Bahah,
Al Hudud ash Shamaliyah, Al Jawf, Al Madinah, Al Qasim, Ar Riyad,
Ash Sharqiyah (Eastern Province), 'Asir, Ha'il, Jizan, Makkah,
Najran, Tabuk

Senegal
10 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel,
Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies,
Ziguinchor
note: there may be another region called Matam

Serbia and Montenegro
2 republics (republike, singular - republika);
and 2 nominally autonomous provinces* (autonomn pokrajine, singular
- autonomna pokrajina); Kosovo*, Montenegro, Serbia, Vojvodina*

Seychelles
23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau,
Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne,
Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on
Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont
Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint
Louis, Takamaka

Sierra Leone
3 provinces and 1 area*; Eastern, Northern, Southern,
Western*

Singapore
none

Slovakia
8 regions (kraje, singular - kraj); Banskobystricky,
Bratislavsky, Kosicky, Nitriansky, Presovsky, Trenciansky, Trnavsky,
Zilinsky

Slovenia
182 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban
municipalities* (mestne obcine , singular - mestna obcina )
Ajdovscina, Beltinci, Benedikt, Bistrica ob Sotli, Bled, Bloke,
Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Braslovce, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica,
Cankova, Celje*, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno,
Cerkvenjak, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik, Divaca,
Dobje, Dobrepolje, Dobrna, Dobrova-Horjul-Polhov Gradec,
Dobrovnik-Dobronak, Dolenjske Toplice, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale,
Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gornja
Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grad, Grosuplje, Hajdina,
Hoce-Slivnica, Hodos-Hodos, Horjul, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina,
Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola-Isola, Jesenice,
Jezersko, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje,
Kocevje, Komen, Komenda, Koper-Capodistria*, Kostel, Kozje, Kranj*,
Kranjska Gora, Krizevci, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart,
Lendava-Lendva, Litija, Ljubljana*, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Logatec, Loska
Dolina, Loski Potok, Lovrenc na Pohorju, Luce, Lukovica, Majsperk,
Maribor*, Markovci, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miklavz na
Dravskem Polju, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mirna Pec, Mislinja, Moravce,
Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Murska Sobota*, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje,
Nova Gorica*, Novo Mesto*, Odranci, Oplotnica, Ormoz, Osilnica,
Pesnica, Piran-Pirano, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podlehnik, Podvelka,
Polzela, Postojna, Prebold, Preddvor, Prevalje, Ptuj*, Puconci,
Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne na
Koroskem, Razkrizje, Ribnica, Ribnica na Pohorju, Rogasovci, Rogaska
Slatina, Rogatec, Ruse, Salovci, Selnica ob Dravi, Semic,
Sempeter-Vrtojba, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur pri Celju,
Sevnica, Sezana, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Slovenj Gradec*,
Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smartno ob
Paki, Smartno pri Litiji, Sodrazica, Solcava, Sostanj, Starse,
Store, Sveta Ana, Sveti Andraz v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Jurij,
Tabor, Tisina, Tolmin, Trbovlje, Trebnje, Trnovska Vas, Trzic,
Trzin, Turnisce, Velenje*, Velika Polana, Velike Lasce, Verzej,
Videm, Vipava, Vitanje, Vodice, Vojnik, Vransko, Vrhnika, Vuzenica,
Zagorje ob Savi, Zalec, Zavrc, Zelezniki, Zetale, Ziri, Zirovnica,
Zuzemberk, Zrece
note: there may be 45 more municipalities

Solomon Islands
9 provinces and 1 capital territory*; Central,
Choiseul (Lauru), Guadalcanal, Honiara*, Isabel, Makira, Malaita,
Rennell/Bellona, Temotu, Western

Somalia
18 regions (plural - NA, singular - gobolka); Awdal, Bakool,
Banaadir, Bari, Bay, Galguduud, Gedo, Hiiraan, Jubbada Dhexe,
Jubbada Hoose, Mudug, Nugaal, Sanaag, Shabeellaha Dhexe, Shabeellaha
Hoose, Sool, Togdheer, Woqooyi Galbeed

South Africa
9 provinces; Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng,
KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North-West, Northern Cape,
Western Cape

Spain
19 autonomous communities (comunidades autonomas, singular -
comunidad autonoma); Andalucia, Aragon, Asturias, Baleares (Balearic
Islands), Ceuta, Canarias (Canary Islands), Cantabria, Castilla-La
Mancha, Castilla y Leon, Cataluna, Communidad Valencian,
Extremadura, Galicia, La Rioja, Madrid, Melilla, Murcia, Navarra,
Pais Vasco (Basque Country)
note: three small Spanish possessions are located off the coast of
Morocco: Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de
la Gomera; Ceuta and Melilla gained limited autonomous status in 1994

Sri Lanka
8 provinces; Central, North Central, North Eastern, North
Western, Sabaragamuwa, Southern, Uva, Western; note - North Eastern
province may have been divided in two - Northern and Eastern

Sudan
26 states (wilayat, singular - wilayah); A'ali an Nil, Al Bahr
al Ahmar, Al Buhayrat, Al Jazirah, Al Khartum, Al Qadarif, Al
Wahdah, An Nil al Abyad, An Nil al Azraq, Ash Shamaliyah, Bahr al
Jabal, Gharb al Istiwa'iyah, Gharb Bahr al Ghazal, Gharb Darfur,
Gharb Kurdufan, Janub Darfur, Janub Kurdufan, Junqali, Kassala, Nahr
an Nil, Shamal Bahr al Ghazal, Shamal Darfur, Shamal Kurdufan, Sharq
al Istiwa'iyah, Sinnar, Warab

Suriname
10 districts (distrikten, singular - distrikt); Brokopondo,
Commewijne, Coronie, Marowijne, Nickerie, Para, Paramaribo,
Saramacca, Sipaliwini, Wanica

Swaziland
4 districts; Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni

Sweden
21 counties (lan, singular and plural); Blekinge, Dalarnas,
Gavleborgs, Gotlands, Hallands, Jamtlands, Jonkopings, Kalmar,
Kronobergs, Norrbottens, Orebro, Ostergotlands, Skane,
Sodermanlands, Stockholms, Uppsala, Varmlands, Vasterbottens,
Vasternorrlands, Vastmanlands, Vastra Gotalands

Switzerland
26 cantons (cantons, singular - canton in French;
cantoni, singular - cantone in Italian; kantone, singular - kanton
in German); Aargau, Appenzell Ausser-Rhoden, Appenzell Inner-Rhoden,
Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Geneve, Glarus,
Graubunden, Jura, Luzern, Neuchatel, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Sankt
Gallen, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Ticino, Uri,
Valais, Vaud, Zug, Zurich

Syria
14 provinces (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Al Hasakah, Al
Ladhiqiyah, Al Qunaytirah, Ar Raqqah, As Suwayda', Dar'a, Dayr az
Zawr, Dimashq, Halab, Hamah, Hims, Idlib, Rif Dimashq, Tartus

Taiwan
the central administrative divisions include the provinces of
Fu-chien (some 20 offshore islands of Fujian Province including
Quemoy and Matsu) and Taiwan (the island of Taiwan and the
Pescadores islands); Taiwan is further subdivided into 16 counties
(hsien, singular and plural), 5 municipalities* (shih, singular and
plural), and 2 special municipalities** (chuan-shih, singular and
plural); Chang-hua, Chia-i, Chia-i*, Chi-lung*, Hsin-chu, Hsin-chu*,
Hua-lien, I-lan, Kao-hsiung, Kao-hsiung**, Miao-li, Nan-t'ou,
P'eng-hu, P'ing-tung, T'ai-chung, T'ai-chung*, T'ai-nan, T'ai-nan*,
T'ai-pei, T'ai-pei**, T'ai-tung, T'ao-yuan, and Yun-lin; the
provincial capital is at Chung-hsing-hsin-ts'un
note: Taiwan uses the Wade-Giles system for romanization

Tajikistan
2 provinces (viloyatho, singular - viloyat) and 1
autonomous province* (viloyati mukhtor); Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni
Badakhshon* (Khorugh), Viloyati Khatlon (Qurghonteppa), Viloyati
Sughd (Khujand)
note: the administrative center name follows in parentheses

Tanzania
25 regions; Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Iringa, Kagera,
Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Lindi, Mara, Mbeya, Morogoro, Mtwara, Mwanza,
Pemba North, Pemba South, Pwani, Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga, Singida,
Tabora, Tanga, Zanzibar Central/South, Zanzibar North, Zanzibar
Urban/West

Thailand
76 provinces (changwat, singular and plural); Amnat
Charoen, Ang Thong, Buriram, Chachoengsao, Chai Nat, Chaiyaphum,
Chanthaburi, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Chon Buri, Chumphon, Kalasin,
Kamphaeng Phet, Kanchanaburi, Khon Kaen, Krabi, Krung Thep
Mahanakhon (Bangkok), Lampang, Lamphun, Loei, Lop Buri, Mae Hong
Son, Maha Sarakham, Mukdahan, Nakhon Nayok, Nakhon Pathom, Nakhon
Phanom, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Sawan, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Nan,
Narathiwat, Nong Bua Lamphu, Nong Khai, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani,
Pattani, Phangnga, Phatthalung, Phayao, Phetchabun, Phetchaburi,
Phichit, Phitsanulok, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Phrae, Phuket,
Prachin Buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Ranong, Ratchaburi, Rayong, Roi
Et, Sa Kaeo, Sakon Nakhon, Samut Prakan, Samut Sakhon, Samut
Songkhram, Sara Buri, Satun, Sing Buri, Sisaket, Songkhla,
Sukhothai, Suphan Buri, Surat Thani, Surin, Tak, Trang, Trat, Ubon
Ratchathani, Udon Thani, Uthai Thani, Uttaradit, Yala, Yasothon

Togo
5 regions (regions, singular - region); De La Kara, Des
Plateaux, Des Savanes, Centrale, Maritime

Tokelau
none (territory of New Zealand)

Tonga
3 island groups; Ha'apai, Tongatapu, Vava'u

Trinidad and Tobago
8 counties, 3 municipalities*, and 1 ward**;
Arima*, Caroni, Mayaro, Nariva, Port-of-Spain*, Saint Andrew, Saint
David, Saint George, Saint Patrick, San Fernando*, Tobago**, Victoria

Tunisia
24 governorates; Ariana (Aryanah), Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous
(Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah),
Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn),
Kebili (Qibili), Kef (Al Kaf), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Manouba
(Manubah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul
(Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bou Zid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana
(Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar),
Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan)

Turkey
81 provinces (iller, singular - il); Adana, Adiyaman, Afyon,
Agri, Aksaray, Amasya, Ankara, Antalya, Ardahan, Artvin, Aydin,
Balikesir, Bartin, Batman, Bayburt, Bilecik, Bingol, Bitlis, Bolu,
Burdur, Bursa, Canakkale, Cankiri, Corum, Denizli, Diyarbakir,
Duzce, Edirne, Elazig, Erzincan, Erzurum, Eskisehir, Gaziantep,
Giresun, Gumushane, Hakkari, Hatay, Igdir, Isparta, Istanbul, Izmir,
Kahramanmaras, Karabuk, Karaman, Kars, Kastamonu, Kayseri, Kilis,
Kirikkale, Kirklareli, Kirsehir, Kocaeli, Konya, Kutahya, Malatya,
Manisa, Mardin, Mersin, Mugla, Mus, Nevsehir, Nigde, Ordu, Osmaniye,
Rize, Sakarya, Samsun, Sanliurfa, Siirt, Sinop, Sirnak, Sivas,
Tekirdag, Tokat, Trabzon, Tunceli, Usak, Van, Yalova, Yozgat,
Zonguldak

Turkmenistan
5 provinces (welayatlar, singular - welayat): Ahal
Welayaty (Ashgabat), Balkan Welayaty (Balkanabat), Dashoguz
Welayaty, Lebap Welayaty (Turkmenabat), Mary Welayaty
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their
administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center
name following in parentheses)

Turks and Caicos Islands
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Tuvalu
none

Uganda
56 districts; Adjumani, Apac, Arua, Bugiri, Bundibugyo,
Bushenyi, Busia, Gulu, Hoima, Iganga, Jinja, Kabale, Kabarole,
Kaberamaido, Kalangala, Kampala, Kamuli, Kamwenge, Kanungu,
Kapchorwa, Kasese, Katakwi, Kayunga, Kibale, Kiboga, Kisoro, Kitgum,
Kotido, Kumi, Kyenjojo, Lira, Luwero, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge,
Mbale, Mbarara, Moroto, Moyo, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nakapiripirit,
Nakasongola, Nebbi, Ntungamo, Pader, Pallisa, Rakai, Rukungiri,
Sembabule, Sironko, Soroti, Tororo, Wakiso, Yumbe

Ukraine
24 oblasti (singular - oblast'), 1 autonomous republic*
(avtomnaya respublika), and 2 municipalities (mista, singular -
misto) with oblast status**; Cherkas'ka (Cherkasy), Chernihivs'ka
(Chernihiv), Chernivets'ka (Chernivtsi), Dnipropetrovs'ka
(Dnipropetrovs'k), Donets'ka (Donets'k), Ivano-Frankivs'ka
(Ivano-Frankivs'k), Kharkivs'ka (Kharkiv), Khersons'ka (Kherson),
Khmel'nyts'ka (Khmel'nyts'kyy), Kirovohrads'ka (Kirovohrad),
Kyyiv**, Kyyivs'ka (Kiev), Luhans'ka (Luhans'k), L'vivs'ka (L'viv),
Mykolayivs'ka (Mykolayiv), Odes'ka (Odesa), Poltavs'ka (Poltava),
Avtonomna Respublika Krym* (Simferopol'), Rivnens'ka (Rivne),
Sevastopol'**, Sums'ka (Sumy), Ternopil's'ka (Ternopil'), Vinnyts'ka
(Vinnytsya), Volyns'ka (Luts'k), Zakarpats'ka (Uzhhorod), Zaporiz'ka
(Zaporizhzhya), Zhytomyrs'ka (Zhytomyr); note - when using a place
name with an adjectival ending "s'ka" or "z'ka," the word Oblast'
should be added to the place name
note: oblasts have the administrative center name following in
parentheses

United Arab Emirates
7 emirates (imarat, singular - imarah); Abu
Zaby (Abu Dhabi), 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah (Sharjah),
Dubayy (Dubai), Ra's al Khaymah, Umm al Qaywayn

United Kingdom
England - 47 boroughs, 36 counties*, 29 London
boroughs**, 12 cities and boroughs***, 10 districts****, 12
cities*****, 3 royal boroughs******; Barking and Dagenham**,
Barnet**, Barnsley, Bath and North East Somerset****, Bedfordshire*,
Bexley**, Birmingham***, Blackburn with Darwen, Blackpool, Bolton,
Bournemouth, Bracknell Forest, Bradford***, Brent**, Brighton and
Hove, City of Bristol*****, Bromley**, Buckinghamshire*, Bury,
Calderdale, Cambridgeshire*, Camden**, Cheshire*, Cornwall*,
Coventry***, Croydon**, Cumbria*, Darlington, Derby*****,
Derbyshire*, Devon*, Doncaster, Dorset*, Dudley, Durham*, Ealing**,
East Riding of Yorkshire****, East Sussex*, Enfield**, Essex*,
Gateshead, Gloucestershire*, Greenwich**, Hackney**, Halton,
Hammersmith and Fulham**, Hampshire*, Haringey**, Harrow**,
Hartlepool, Havering**, Herefordshire*, Hertfordshire*,
Hillingdon**, Hounslow**, Isle of Wight*, Islington**, Kensington
and Chelsea******, Kent*, City of Kingston upon Hull*****, Kingston
upon Thames******, Kirklees, Knowsley, Lambeth**, Lancashire*,
Leeds***, Leicester*****, Leicestershire*, Lewisham**,
Lincolnshire*, Liverpool***, City of London*****, Luton,
Manchester***, Medway, Merton**, Middlesbrough, Milton Keynes,
Newcastle upon Tyne***, Newham**, Norfolk*, Northamptonshire*, North
East Lincolnshire****, North Lincolnshire****, North Somerset****,
North Tyneside, Northumberland*, North Yorkshire*, Nottingham*****,
Nottinghamshire*, Oldham, Oxfordshire*, Peterborough*****,
Plymouth*****, Poole, Portsmouth*****, Reading, Redbridge**, Redcar
and Cleveland, Richmond upon Thames**, Rochdale, Rotherham,
Rutland****, Salford***, Shropshire*, Sandwell, Sefton,
Sheffield***, Slough, Solihull, Somerset*, Southampton*****,
Southend-on-Sea, South Gloucestershire****, South Tyneside,
Southwark**, Staffordshire*, St. Helens, Stockport,
Stockton-on-Tees, Stoke-on-Trent*****, Suffolk*, Sunderland***,
Surrey*, Sutton**, Swindon, Tameside, Telford and Wrekin****,
Thurrock, Torbay, Tower Hamlets**, Trafford, Wakefield***, Walsall,
Waltham Forest**, Wandsworth**, Warrington, Warwickshire*, West
Berkshire****, Westminster***, West Sussex*, Wigan, Wiltshire*,
Windsor and Maidenhead******, Wirral, Wokingham****, Wolverhampton,
Worcestershire*, York*****; Northern Ireland - 24 districts, 2
cities*, 6 counties**; Antrim, County Antrim**, Ards, Armagh, County
Armagh**, Ballymena, Ballymoney, Banbridge, Belfast*, Carrickfergus,
Castlereagh, Coleraine, Cookstown, Craigavon, Down, County Down**,
Dungannon, Fermanagh, County Fermanagh**, Larne, Limavady, Lisburn,
County Londonderry**, Derry*, Magherafelt, Moyle, Newry and Mourne,
Newtownabbey, North Down, Omagh, Strabane, County Tyrone**; Scotland
- 32 council areas; Aberdeen City, Aberdeenshire, Angus, Argyll and
Bute, The Scottish Borders, Clackmannanshire, Dumfries and Galloway,
Dundee City, East Ayrshire, East Dunbartonshire, East Lothian, East
Renfrewshire, City of Edinburgh, Falkirk, Fife, Glasgow City,
Highland, Inverclyde, Midlothian, Moray, North Ayrshire, North
Lanarkshire, Orkney Islands, Perth and Kinross, Renfrewshire,
Shetland Islands, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, Stirling, West
Dunbartonshire, Eilean Siar (Western Isles), West Lothian; Wales -
11 county boroughs, 9 counties*, 2 cities and counties**; Isle of
Anglesey*, Blaenau Gwent, Bridgend, Caerphilly, Cardiff**,
Ceredigion*, Carmarthenshire*, Conwy, Denbighshire*, Flintshire*,
Gwynedd, Merthyr Tydfil, Monmouthshire*, Neath Port Talbot, Newport,
Pembrokeshire*, Powys*, Rhondda Cynon Taff, Swansea**, Torfaen, The
Vale of Glamorgan*, Wrexham

United States
50 states and 1 district*; Alabama, Alaska, Arizona,
Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of
Columbia*, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,
Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska,
Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North
Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode
Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming

Uruguay
19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento);
Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Flores, Florida,
Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera,
Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres

Uzbekistan
12 provinces (viloyatlar, singular - viloyat), 1
autonomous republic* (respublika), and 1 city** (shahar); Andijon
Viloyati, Buxoro Viloyati, Farg'ona Viloyati, Jizzax Viloyati,
Namangan Viloyati, Navoiy Viloyati, Qashqadaryo Viloyati (Qarshi),
Qaraqalpog'iston Respublikasi* (Nukus), Samarqand Viloyati, Sirdaryo
Viloyati (Guliston), Surxondaryo Viloyati (Termiz), Toshkent
Shahri**, Toshkent Viloyati, Xorazm Viloyati (Urganch)
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their
administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center
name following in parentheses)

Vanuatu
6 provinces; Malampa, Penama, Sanma, Shefa, Tafea, Torba

Venezuela
23 states (estados, singular - estado), 1 federal
district* (distrito federal), and 1 federal dependency**
(dependencia federal); Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Barinas,
Bolivar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Dependencias Federales**,
Distrito Federal*, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas,
Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Vargas,
Yaracuy, Zulia
note: the federal dependency consists of 11 federally controlled
island groups with a total of 72 individual islands

Vietnam
58 provinces (tinh, singular and plural), and 3
municipalities* (thu do, singular and plural); An Giang, Bac Giang,
Bac Kan, Bac Lieu, Bac Ninh, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Ben Tre, Binh Dinh,
Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Binh Thuan, Ca Mau, Can Tho, Cao Bang, Dac
Lak, Da Nang, Dong Nai, Dong Thap, Gia Lai, Ha Giang, Hai Duong, Hai
Phong*, Ha Nam, Ha Noi*, Ha Tay, Ha Tinh, Hoa Binh, Ho Chi Minh*,
Hung Yen, Khanh Hoa, Kien Giang, Kon Tum, Lai Chau, Lam Dong, Lang
Son, Lao Cai, Long An, Nam Dinh, Nghe An, Ninh Binh, Ninh Thuan, Phu
Tho, Phu Yen, Quang Binh, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Quang Ninh, Quang
Tri, Soc Trang, Son La, Tay Ninh, Thai Binh, Thai Nguyen, Thanh Hoa,
Thua Thien-Hue, Tien Giang, Tra Vinh, Tuyen Quang, Vinh Long, Vinh
Phuc, Yen Bai

Virgin Islands
none (territory of the US); there are no first-order
administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there
are three islands at the second order; Saint Croix, Saint John,
Saint Thomas

Wallis and Futuna
none (overseas territory of France); there are no
first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US
Government, but there are three kingdoms at the second order named
Alo, Sigave, Wallis

Western Sahara
none (under de facto control of Morocco)

World
268 nations, dependent areas, other, and miscellaneous entries

Yemen
19 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Abyan,
'Adan, Ad Dali', Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah, Al Jawf, Al Mahrah, Al
Mahwit, 'Amran, Dhamar, Hadramawt, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib,
Sa'dah, San'a', Shabwah, Ta'izz
note: there may be one additional governorate of the capital city of
Sanaa

Zambia
9 provinces; Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka,
Northern, North-Western, Southern, Western

Zimbabwe
8 provinces and 2 cities* with provincial status;
Bulawayo*, Harare*, Manicaland, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland
East, Mashonaland West, Masvingo, Matabeleland North, Matabeleland
South, Midlands

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2052 Agriculture - products

Afghanistan
opium, wheat, fruits, nuts, wool, mutton, sheepskins,
lambskins

Albania
wheat, corn, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, sugar beets,
grapes; meat, dairy products

Algeria
wheat, barley, oats, grapes, olives, citrus, fruits; sheep,
cattle

American Samoa
bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit,
yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock

Andorra
small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables;
sheep

Angola
bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, manioc
(tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest
products; fish

Anguilla
small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising

Antigua and Barbuda
cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts,
cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock

Argentina
sunflower seeds, lemons, soybeans, grapes, corn, tobacco,
peanuts, tea, wheat; livestock

Armenia
fruit (especially grapes), vegetables; livestock

Aruba
aloes; livestock; fish

Australia
wheat, barley, sugarcane, fruits; cattle, sheep, poultry

Austria
grains, potatoes, sugar beets, wine, fruit; dairy products,
cattle, pigs, poultry; lumber

Azerbaijan
cotton, grain, rice, grapes, fruit, vegetables, tea,
tobacco; cattle, pigs, sheep, goats

Bahamas, The
citrus, vegetables; poultry

Bahrain
fruit, vegetables; poultry, dairy products; shrimp, fish

Bangladesh
rice, jute, tea, wheat, sugarcane, potatoes, tobacco,
pulses, oilseeds, spices, fruit; beef, milk, poultry

Barbados
sugarcane, vegetables, cotton

Belarus
grain, potatoes, vegetables, sugar beets, flax; beef, milk

Belgium
sugar beets, fresh vegetables, fruits, grain, tobacco; beef,
veal, pork, milk

Belize
bananas, coca, citrus, sugar; fish, cultured shrimp; lumber;
garments

Benin
cotton, corn, cassava (tapioca), yams, beans, palm oil,
peanuts, livestock (2001)

Bermuda
bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products

Bhutan
rice, corn, root crops, citrus, foodgrains; dairy products,
eggs

Bolivia
soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice,
potatoes; timber

Bosnia and Herzegovina
wheat, corn, fruits, vegetables; livestock

Botswana
livestock, sorghum, maize, millet, beans, sunflowers,
groundnuts

Brazil
coffee, soybeans, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa,
citrus; beef

British Virgin Islands
fruits, vegetables; livestock, poultry; fish

Brunei
rice, vegetables, fruits, chickens, water buffalo

Bulgaria
vegetables, fruits, tobacco, livestock, wine, wheat,
barley, sunflowers, sugar beets

Burkina Faso
cotton, peanuts, shea nuts, sesame, sorghum, millet,
corn, rice; livestock

Burma
rice, pulses, beans, sesame, groundnuts, sugarcane; hardwood;
fish and fish products

Burundi
coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas,
manioc (tapioca); beef, milk, hides

Cambodia
rice, rubber, corn, vegetables

Cameroon
coffee, cocoa, cotton, rubber, bananas, oilseed, grains,
root starches; livestock; timber

Canada
wheat, barley, oilseed, tobacco, fruits, vegetables; dairy
products; forest products; fish

Cape Verde
bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee,
peanuts; fish

Cayman Islands
vegetables, fruit; livestock, turtle farming

Central African Republic
cotton, coffee, tobacco, manioc (tapioca),
yams, millet, corn, bananas; timber

Chad
cotton, sorghum, millet, peanuts, rice, potatoes, manioc
(tapioca); cattle, sheep, goats, camels

Chile
wheat, corn, grapes, beans, sugar beets, potatoes, fruit;
beef, poultry, wool; fish; timber

China
rice, wheat, potatoes, sorghum, peanuts, tea, millet, barley,
cotton, oilseed; pork; fish

Christmas Island
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts

Colombia
coffee, cut flowers, bananas, rice, tobacco, corn,
sugarcane, cocoa beans, oilseed, vegetables; forest products; shrimp

Comoros
vanilla, cloves, perfume essences, copra, coconuts, bananas,
cassava (tapioca)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the coffee, sugar, palm oil, rubber, tea, quinine, cassava (tapioca), palm oil, bananas, root crops, corn, fruits; wood products

Congo, Republic of the
cassava (tapioca), sugar, rice, corn,
peanuts, vegetables, coffee, cocoa; forest products

Cook Islands
copra, citrus, pineapples, tomatoes, beans, pawpaws,
bananas, yams, taro, coffee; pigs, poultry

Costa Rica
coffee, pineapples, bananas, sugar, corn, rice, beans,
potatoes; beef; timber

Cote d'Ivoire
coffee, cocoa beans, bananas, palm kernels, corn,
rice, manioc (tapioca), sweet potatoes, sugar, cotton, rubber; timber

Croatia
wheat, corn, sugar beets, sunflower seed, barley, alfalfa,
clover, olives, citrus, grapes, soybeans, potatoes; livestock, dairy
products

Cuba
sugar, tobacco, citrus, coffee, rice, potatoes, beans; livestock

Cyprus
potatoes, citrus, vegetables, barley, grapes, olives,
vegetables

Czech Republic
wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs,
poultry

Denmark
barley, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets; pork, dairy products;
fish

Djibouti
fruits, vegetables; goats, sheep, camels

Dominica
bananas, citrus, mangoes, root crops, coconuts, cocoa;
forest and fishery potential not exploited

Dominican Republic
sugarcane, coffee, cotton, cocoa, tobacco, rice,
beans, potatoes, corn, bananas; cattle, pigs, dairy products, beef,
eggs

East Timor
coffee, rice, maize, cassava, sweet potatoes, soybeans,
cabbage, mangoes, bananas, vanilla

Ecuador
bananas, coffee, cocoa, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca),
plantains, sugarcane; cattle, sheep, pigs, beef, pork, dairy
products; balsa wood; fish, shrimp

Egypt
cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruits, vegetables; cattle,
water buffalo, sheep, goats

El Salvador
coffee, sugar, corn, rice, beans, oilseed, cotton,
sorghum; shrimp; beef, dairy products

Equatorial Guinea
coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (tapioca),
bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber

Eritrea
sorghum, lentils, vegetables, corn, cotton, tobacco, coffee,
sisal; livestock, goats; fish

Estonia
potatoes, vegetables; livestock and dairy products; fish

Ethiopia
cereals, pulses, coffee, oilseed, sugarcane, potatoes, qat;
hides, cattle, sheep, goats

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
fodder and vegetable crops; sheep,
dairy products

Faroe Islands
milk, potatoes, vegetables; sheep; salmon, other fish

Fiji
sugarcane, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), rice, sweet potatoes,
bananas; cattle, pigs, horses, goats; fish

Finland
barley, wheat, sugar beets, potatoes; dairy cattle; fish

France
wheat, cereals, sugar beets, potatoes, wine grapes; beef,
dairy products; fish

French Guiana
corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa,
vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry

French Polynesia
coconuts, vanilla, vegetables, fruits; poultry,
beef, dairy products, coffee

Gabon
cocoa, coffee, sugar, palm oil, rubber; cattle; okoume (a
tropical softwood); fish

Gambia, The
rice, millet, sorghum, peanuts, corn, sesame, cassava
(tapioca), palm kernels; cattle, sheep, goats

Gaza Strip
olives, citrus, vegetables; beef, dairy products

Georgia
citrus, grapes, tea, hazlenuts, vegetables; livestock

Germany
potatoes, wheat, barley, sugar beets, fruit, cabbages;
cattle, pigs, poultry

Ghana
cocoa, rice, coffee, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, corn, shea
nuts, bananas; timber

Gibraltar
none

Greece
wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, olives, tomatoes, wine,
tobacco, potatoes; beef, dairy products

Greenland
forage crops, garden and greenhouse vegetables; sheep,
reindeer; fish

Grenada
bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, mace, citrus, avocados, root crops,
sugarcane, corn, vegetables

Guadeloupe
bananas, sugarcane, tropical fruits and vegetables;
cattle, pigs, goats

Guam
fruits, copra, vegetables; eggs, pork, poultry, beef

Guatemala
sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans, cardamom; cattle,
sheep, pigs, chickens

Guernsey
tomatoes, greenhouse flowers, sweet peppers, eggplant,
fruit; Guernsey cattle

Guinea
rice, coffee, pineapples, palm kernels, cassava (tapioca),
bananas, sweet potatoes; cattle, sheep, goats; timber

Guinea-Bissau
rice, corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), cashew nuts,
peanuts, palm kernels, cotton; timber; fish

Guyana
sugar, rice, wheat, vegetable oils; beef, pork, poultry,
dairy products; fish (shrimp)

Haiti
coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum; wood

Honduras
bananas, coffee, citrus; beef; timber; shrimp

Hong Kong
fresh vegetables; poultry, fish, pork

Hungary
wheat, corn, sunflower seed, potatoes, sugar beets; pigs,
cattle, poultry, dairy products

Iceland
potatoes, green vegetables, chicken, pork, mutton; fish

India
rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes;
cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry; fish

Indonesia
rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee,
palm oil, copra; poultry, beef, pork, eggs

Iran
wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, fruits, nuts, cotton;
dairy products, wool; caviar

Iraq
wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, dates, cotton; cattle, sheep

Ireland
turnips, barley, potatoes, sugar beets, wheat; beef, dairy
products

Israel
citrus, vegetables, cotton; beef, poultry, dairy products

Italy
fruits, vegetables, grapes, potatoes, sugar beets, soybeans,
grain, olives; beef, dairy products; fish

Jamaica
sugarcane, bananas, coffee, citrus, potatoes, vegetables;
poultry, goats, milk

Japan
rice, sugar beets, vegetables, fruit; pork, poultry, dairy
products, eggs; fish

Jersey
potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products

Jordan
wheat, barley, citrus, tomatoes, melons, olives; sheep,
goats, poultry

Kazakhstan
grain (mostly spring wheat), cotton; livestock

Kenya
tea, coffee, corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables; dairy
products, beef, pork, poultry, eggs

Kiribati
copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish

Korea, North
rice, corn, potatoes, soybeans, pulses; cattle, pigs,
pork, eggs

Korea, South
rice, root crops, barley, vegetables, fruit; cattle,
pigs, chickens, milk, eggs; fish

Kuwait
practically no crops; fish

Kyrgyzstan
tobacco, cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and
berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool

Laos
sweet potatoes, vegetables, corn, coffee, sugarcane, tobacco,
cotton; tea, peanuts, rice; water buffalo, pigs, cattle, poultry

Latvia
grain, sugar beets, potatoes, vegetables; beef, pork, milk,
eggs; fish

Lebanon
citrus, grapes, tomatoes, apples, vegetables, potatoes,
olives, tobacco; sheep, goats

Lesotho
corn, wheat, pulses, sorghum, barley; livestock

Liberia
rubber, coffee, cocoa, rice, cassava (tapioca), palm oil,
sugarcane, bananas; sheep, goats; timber

Libya
wheat, barley, olives, dates, citrus, vegetables, peanuts,
soybeans; cattle

Liechtenstein
wheat, barley, corn, potatoes; livestock, dairy
products

Lithuania
grain, potatoes, sugar beets, flax, vegetables; beef,
milk, eggs; fish

Luxembourg
barley, oats, potatoes, wheat, fruits, wine grapes;
livestock products

Macau
vegetables, livestock

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
rice, tobacco, wheat,
corn, millet, cotton, sesame, mulberry leaves, citrus, vegetables;
beef, pork, poultry, mutton

Madagascar
coffee, vanilla, sugarcane, cloves, cocoa, rice, cassava
(tapioca), beans, bananas, peanuts; livestock products

Malawi
tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, corn, potatoes, cassava
(tapioca), sorghum, pulses; groundnuts, Macadamia nuts; cattle, goats

Malaysia
Peninsular Malaysia - rubber, palm oil, cocoa, rice; Sabah
- subsistence crops, rubber, timber, coconuts, rice; Sarawak -
rubber, pepper; timber

Maldives
coconuts, corn, sweet potatoes; fish

Mali
cotton, millet, rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts; cattle, sheep,
goats

Malta
potatoes, cauliflower, grapes, wheat, barley, tomatoes,
citrus, cut flowers, green peppers; pork, milk, poultry, eggs

Man, Isle of
cereals, vegetables; cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry

Marshall Islands
coconuts, tomatoes, melons, taro, breadfruit,
fruits; pigs, chickens

Martinique
pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables,
sugarcane

Mauritania
dates, millet, sorghum, rice, corn, dates; cattle, sheep

Mauritius
sugarcane, tea, corn, potatoes, bananas, pulses; cattle,
goats; fish

Mayotte
vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra

Mexico
corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, beans, cotton, coffee, fruit,
tomatoes; beef, poultry, dairy products; wood products

Micronesia, Federated States of
black pepper, tropical fruits and
vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), betel nuts, sweet potatoes;
pigs, chickens

Moldova
vegetables, fruits, wine, grain, sugar beets, sunflower
seed, tobacco; beef, milk

Monaco
none

Mongolia
wheat, barley, potatoes, forage crops; sheep, goats,
cattle, camels, horses

Montserrat
cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers;
livestock products

Morocco
barley, wheat, citrus, wine, vegetables, olives; livestock

Mozambique
cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca),
corn, coconuts, sisal, citrus and tropical fruits, potatoes,
sunflowers; beef, poultry

Namibia
millet, sorghum, peanuts; livestock; fish

Nauru
coconuts

Nepal
rice, corn, wheat, sugarcane, root crops; milk, water buffalo
meat

Netherlands
grains, potatoes, sugar beets, fruits, vegetables;
livestock

Netherlands Antilles
aloes, sorghum, peanuts, vegetables, tropical
fruit

New Caledonia
vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products

New Zealand
wheat, barley, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables;
wool, beef, dairy products; fish

Nicaragua
coffee, bananas, sugarcane, cotton, rice, corn, tobacco,
sesame, soya, beans; beef, veal, pork, poultry, dairy products

Niger
cowpeas, cotton, peanuts, millet, sorghum, cassava (tapioca),
rice; cattle, sheep, goats, camels, donkeys, horses, poultry

Nigeria
cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet,
cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber;
fish

Niue
coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava
(tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle

Norfolk Island
Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals,
vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry

Northern Mariana Islands
coconuts, fruits, vegetables; cattle

Norway
barley, wheat, potatoes; pork, beef, veal, milk; fish

Oman
dates, limes, bananas, alfalfa, vegetables; camels, cattle; fish

Pakistan
cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; milk,
beef, mutton, eggs

Palau
coconuts, copra, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes

Panama
bananas, rice, corn, coffee, sugarcane, vegetables;
livestock; shrimp

Papua New Guinea
coffee, cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, tea, rubber,
sweet potatoes, fruit, vegetables; poultry, pork

Paraguay
cotton, sugarcane, soybeans, corn, wheat, tobacco, cassava
(tapioca), fruits, vegetables; beef, pork, eggs, milk; timber

Peru
coffee, cotton, sugarcane, rice, wheat, potatoes, corn,
plantains, coca; poultry, beef, dairy products, wool; fish

Philippines
rice, coconuts, corn, sugarcane, bananas, pineapples,
mangoes; pork, eggs, beef; fish

Pitcairn Islands
wide variety of fruits and vegetables, goats,
chickens

Poland
potatoes, fruits, vegetables, wheat; poultry, eggs, pork

Portugal
grain, potatoes, olives, grapes; sheep, cattle, goats,
poultry, beef, dairy products

Puerto Rico
sugarcane, coffee, pineapples, plantains, bananas;
livestock products, chickens

Qatar
fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish

Reunion
sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables,
corn

Romania
wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, sunflower seed, potatoes,
grapes; eggs, sheep

Russia
grain, sugar beets, sunflower seed, vegetables, fruits; beef,
milk

Rwanda
coffee, tea, pyrethrum (insecticide made from
chrysanthemums), bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes; livestock

Saint Helena
corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on
Tristan da Cunha)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas;
fish

Saint Lucia
bananas, coconuts, vegetables, citrus, root crops, cocoa

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs;
fish

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
bananas, coconuts, sweet potatoes,
spices; small numbers of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats; fish

Samoa
coconuts, bananas, taro, yams, coffee, cocoa

San Marino
wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef,
cheese, hides

Sao Tome and Principe
cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, copra,
cinnamon, pepper, coffee, bananas, papayas, beans; poultry; fish

Saudi Arabia
wheat, barley, tomatoes, melons, dates, citrus; mutton,
chickens, eggs, milk

Senegal
peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes,
green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish

Serbia and Montenegro
cereals, fruits, vegetables, tobacco, olives;
cattle, sheep, goats

Seychelles
coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava
(tapioca), bananas; broiler chickens; tuna fish

Sierra Leone
rice, coffee, cocoa, palm kernels, palm oil, peanuts;
poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish

Singapore
rubber, copra, fruit, orchids, vegetables; poultry, eggs,
fish, ornamental fish

Slovakia
grains, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, cattle,
poultry; forest products

Slovenia
potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle,
sheep, poultry

Solomon Islands
cocoa beans, coconuts, palm kernels, rice, potatoes,
vegetables, fruit; cattle, pigs; timber; fish

Somalia
cattle, sheep, goats; bananas, sorghum, corn, coconuts,
rice, sugarcane, mangoes, sesame seeds, beans; fish

South Africa
corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; beef,
poultry, mutton, wool, dairy products

Spain
grain, vegetables, olives, wine grapes, sugar beets, citrus;
beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish

Sri Lanka
rice, sugarcane, grains, pulses, oilseed, spices, tea,
rubber, coconuts; milk, eggs, hides, beef

Sudan
cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum, millet, wheat, gum
arabic, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet
potatoes, sesame; sheep, livestock

Suriname
paddy rice, bananas, palm kernels, coconuts, plantains,
peanuts; beef, chickens; forest products; shrimp

Swaziland
sugarcane, cotton, corn, tobacco, rice, citrus,
pineapples, sorghum, peanuts; cattle, goats, sheep

Sweden
barley, wheat, sugar beets; meat, milk

Switzerland
grains, fruits, vegetables; meat, eggs

Syria
wheat, barley, cotton, lentils, chickpeas, olives, sugar
beets; beef, mutton, eggs, poultry, milk

Taiwan
rice, corn, vegetables, fruit, tea; pigs, poultry, beef,
milk; fish

Tajikistan
cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep,
goats

Tanzania
coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, pyrethrum (insecticide made
from chrysanthemums), cashew nuts, tobacco, cloves, corn, wheat,
cassava (tapioca), bananas, fruits, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats

Thailand
rice, cassava (tapioca), rubber, corn, sugarcane, coconuts,
soybeans

Togo
coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans,
rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish

Tokelau
coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs,
poultry, goats

Tonga
squash, coconuts, copra, bananas, vanilla beans, cocoa,
coffee, ginger, black pepper; fish

Trinidad and Tobago
cocoa, sugarcane, rice, citrus, coffee,
vegetables; poultry

Tunisia
olives, olive oil, grain, dairy products, tomatoes, citrus
fruit, beef, sugar beets, dates, almonds

Turkey
tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets, pulse, citrus;
livestock

Turkmenistan
cotton, grain; livestock

Turks and Caicos Islands corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish

Tuvalu
coconuts; fish

Uganda
coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), potatoes,
corn, millet, pulses; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry, cut flowers

Ukraine
grain, sugar beets, sunflower seeds, vegetables; beef, milk

United Arab Emirates
dates, vegetables, watermelons; poultry, eggs,
dairy products; fish

United Kingdom
cereals, oilseed, potatoes, vegetables; cattle,
sheep, poultry; fish

United States
wheat, corn, other grains, fruits, vegetables, cotton;
beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; forest products; fish

Uruguay
rice, wheat, corn, barley; livestock; fish

Uzbekistan
cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain; livestock

Vanuatu
copra, coconuts, cocoa, coffee, taro, yams, coconuts,
fruits, vegetables; fish, beef

Venezuela
corn, sorghum, sugarcane, rice, bananas, vegetables,
coffee; beef, pork, milk, eggs; fish

Vietnam
paddy rice, corn, potatoes, rubber, soybeans, coffee, tea,
bananas, sugar; poultry, pigs; fish

Virgin Islands
fruit, vegetables, sorghum; Senepol cattle

Wallis and Futuna
breadfruit, yams, taro, bananas; pigs, goats

West Bank
olives, citrus, vegetables; beef, dairy products

Western Sahara
fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases);
camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads)

Yemen
grain, fruits, vegetables, pulses, qat (mildly narcotic
shrub), coffee, cotton; dairy products, livestock (sheep, goats,
cattle, camels), poultry; fish

Zambia
corn, sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower seed, vegetables,
flowers, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca); cattle,
goats, pigs, poultry, milk, eggs, hides; coffee

Zimbabwe
corn, cotton, tobacco, wheat, coffee, sugarcane, peanuts;
cattle, sheep, goats, pigs

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2053 Airports

Afghanistan
47 (2002)

Albania
12 (2002)

Algeria
136 (2002)

American Samoa
3 (2002)

Andorra
none (2002)

Angola
243 (2002)

Anguilla
3 (2002)

Antarctica
30
note: 30 stations, operated by 16 national governments party to the
Antarctic Treaty, have aircraft landing facilities for either
helicopters and/or fixed-wing aircraft; commercial enterprises
operate two additional aircraft landing facilities; helicopter pads
are available at 27 stations; runways at 15 locations are gravel,
sea-ice, blue-ice, or compacted snow suitable for landing wheeled,
fixed-wing aircraft; of these, 1 is greater than 3 km in length, 6
are between 2 km and 3 km in length, 3 are between 1 km and 2 km in
length, 3 are less than 1 km in length, and 2 are of unknown length;
snow surface skiways, limited to use by ski-equipped, fixed-wing
aircraft, are available at another 15 locations; of these, 4 are
greater than 3 km in length, 3 are between 2 km and 3 km in length,
2 are between 1 km and 2 km in length, 2 are less than 1 km in
length, and 4 are of unknown length; aircraft landing facilities
generally subject to severe restrictions and limitations resulting
from extreme seasonal and geographic conditions; aircraft landing
facilities do not meet ICAO standards; advance approval from the
respective governmental or nongovernmental operating organization
required for landing; landed aircraft are subject to inspection in
accordance with Article 7, Antarctic Treaty (2002)

Antigua and Barbuda
3 (2002)

Argentina
1,342 (2002)

Armenia
15 (2002)

Aruba
1 (2002)

Australia
444 (2002)

Austria
55 (2002)

Azerbaijan
71 (2002)

Bahamas, The
64 (2002)

Bahrain
4 (2002)

Baker Island
1 abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m, completely
covered with vegetation and unusable (2002)

Bangladesh
18 (2002)

Barbados
1 (2002)

Belarus
124 (2002)

Belgium
42 (2002)

Belize
42 (2002)

Benin
5 (2002)

Bermuda
1 (2002)

Bhutan
2 (2002)

Bolivia
1,081 (2002)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
32 (2002)

Botswana
86 (2002)

Brazil
3,590 (2002)

British Indian Ocean Territory
1 (2002)

British Virgin Islands
3 (2002)

Brunei
2 (2002)

Bulgaria
216 (2002)

Burkina Faso
33 (2002)

Burma
80 (2002)

Burundi
7 (2002)

Cambodia
21 (2002)

Cameroon
49 (2002)

Canada
1,389 (2002)

Cape Verde
9
note: 3 airports are reported to be nonoperational (2002)

Cayman Islands
3 (2002)

Central African Republic
50 (2002)

Chad
50 (2002)

Chile
363 (2002)

China
500 (2002)

Christmas Island
1 (2002)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1 (2002)

Colombia
1,050 (2002)

Comoros
4 (2002)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
229 (2002)

Congo, Republic of the
31 (2002)

Cook Islands
7 (2002)

Costa Rica
151 (2002)

Cote d'Ivoire
36 (2002)

Croatia
59 (2002)

Cuba
161 (2002)

Cyprus
16 (2002)

Czech Republic
144 (2002)

Denmark
104 (2002)

Djibouti
13 (2002)

Dominica
2 (2002)

Dominican Republic
30 (2002)

East Timor
8 (2002)

Ecuador
205 (2002)

Egypt
89 (2002)

El Salvador
82 (2002)

Equatorial Guinea
3 (2002)

Eritrea
18 (2002)

Estonia
38 (2002)

Ethiopia
83 (2002)

Europa Island
1 (2002)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
5 (2002)

Faroe Islands
1 (2002)

Fiji
27 (2002)

Finland
150 (2002)

France
477 (2002)

French Guiana
11 (2002)

French Polynesia
45 (2002)

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
none (2002)

Gabon
57 (2002)

Gambia, The
1 (2002)

Gaza Strip
2 (2001)
note: includes Gaza International Airport (GIA), inaugurated on 24
November 1998 as part of agreements stipulated in the September 1995
Oslo II Accord and the 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum; GIA has
been largely closed since October 2000 by Israeli orders and its
runway was destroyed by the Israeli Defense Forces in December 2001
(2002)

Georgia
40 (2002)

Germany
551 (2002)

Ghana
12 (2002)

Gibraltar
1 (2002)

Glorioso Islands
1 (2002)

Greece
79 (note - new Athens airport at Spata opened in March 2001)
(2002)

Greenland
14 (2002)

Grenada
3 (2002)

Guadeloupe
9 (2002)

Guam
5 (2002)

Guatemala
466 (2002)

Guernsey
2 (2002)

Guinea
15 (2002)

Guinea-Bissau
28 (2002)

Guyana
51 (2002)

Haiti
12 (2002)

Holy See (Vatican City)
none (2002)

Honduras
115 (2002)

Hong Kong
3 (2002)

Howland Island
airstrip constructed in 1937 for scheduled refueling
stop on the round-the-world flight of Amelia EARHART and Fred NOONAN
- they left Lae, New Guinea, for Howland Island, but were never seen
again; the airstrip is no longer serviceable (2002)

Hungary
49 (2002)

Iceland
86 (2002)

India
334 (2002)

Indonesia
631 (2002)

Iran
309 (2002)

Iraq
150 (2002); note - unknown number were damaged during the
March-April 2003 war

Ireland
36 (2002)

Israel
52 (2002)

Italy
134 (2002)

Jamaica
35 (2002)

Jan Mayen
1 (2002)

Japan
172 (2002)

Jersey
1 (2002)

Johnston Atoll
1 (2002)

Jordan
17 (2002)

Juan de Nova Island
1 (2002)

Kazakhstan
488 (2002)

Kenya
230 (2002)

Kingman Reef
lagoon was used as a halfway station between Hawaii and
American Samoa by Pan American Airways for flying boats in 1937 and
1938 (2002)

Kiribati
20 (2002)

Korea, North
72 (2002)

Korea, South
102 (2002)

Kuwait
6 (2002)

Kyrgyzstan
68 (2002)

Laos
51 (2002)

Latvia
38 (2002)

Lebanon
8 (2002)

Lesotho
28 (2002)

Liberia
47 (2002)

Libya
136 (2002)

Liechtenstein
none (2002)

Lithuania
87 (2002)

Luxembourg
2 (2002)

Macau
1 (2002)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
18 (2002)

Madagascar
121 (2002)

Malawi
43 (2002)

Malaysia
114 (2002)

Maldives
5 (2002)

Mali
26 (2002)

Malta
1 (2002)

Man, Isle of
1 (2002)

Marshall Islands
15 (2002)

Martinique
2 (2002)

Mauritania
26 (2002)

Mauritius
5 (2002)

Mayotte
1 (2002)

Mexico
1,823 (2002)

Micronesia, Federated States of
7 (2002)

Midway Islands
2 (2002)

Moldova
36 (2002)

Monaco
none; linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter
service (2002)

Mongolia
50 (2002)

Montserrat
none; only airport was destroyed by volcanic activity; a
helicopter service to Antigua is used (2002)

Morocco
63 (2002)

Mozambique
165 (2002)

Namibia
135 (2002)

Nauru
1 (2002)

Nepal
45 (2002)

Netherlands
28 (2002)

Netherlands Antilles
5 (2002)

New Caledonia
30 (2002)

New Zealand
113 (2002)

Nicaragua
176 (2002)

Niger
27 (2002)

Nigeria
70 (2002)

Niue
1 (2002)

Norfolk Island
1 (2002)

Northern Mariana Islands
6 (2002)

Norway
102 (2002)

Oman
139 (2002)

Pakistan
124 (2002)

Palau
3 (2002)

Palmyra Atoll
1 (2002)

Panama
103 (2002)

Papua New Guinea
491 (2002)

Paracel Islands
1 (2002)

Paraguay
879 (2002)

Peru
233 (2002)

Philippines
257 (2002)

Pitcairn Islands
none (2002)

Poland
150 (2002)

Portugal
66 (2002)

Puerto Rico
31 (2002)

Qatar
4 (2002)

Reunion
2 (2002)

Romania
65 (2002)

Russia
2,743 (2002)

Rwanda
9 (2002)

Saint Helena
1 (2002)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
2 (2002)

Saint Lucia
2 (2002)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2 (2002)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
6 (2002)

Samoa
4 (2002)

San Marino
none (2002)

Sao Tome and Principe
2 (2002)

Saudi Arabia
209 (2002)

Senegal
20 (2002)

Serbia and Montenegro
45 (2002)

Seychelles
14 (2002)

Sierra Leone
10 (2002)

Singapore
9 (2002)

Slovakia
37 (2002)

Slovenia
16 (2002)

Solomon Islands
32 (2002)

Somalia
60 (2002)

South Africa
727 (2002)

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
none (2002)

Spain
152 (2002)

Spratly Islands
3 (2002)

Sri Lanka
15 (2002)

Sudan
63 (2002)

Suriname
46 (2002)

Svalbard
4 (2002)

Swaziland
18 (2002)

Sweden
245 (2002)

Switzerland
66 (2002)

Syria
92 (2002)

Taiwan
39 (2002)

Tajikistan
66 (2002)

Tanzania
123 (2002)

Thailand
111 (2002)

Togo
9 (2002)

Tokelau
none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft
(2002)

Tonga
6 (2002)

Trinidad and Tobago
6 (2002)

Tromelin Island
1 (2002)

Tunisia
30 (2002)

Turkey
120 (2002)

Turkmenistan
76 (2002)

Turks and Caicos Islands
8 (2002)

Tuvalu
1 (2002)

Uganda
27 (2002)

Ukraine
790 (2002)

United Arab Emirates
41 (2002)

United Kingdom
470 (2002)

United States
14,801 (2002)

Uruguay
64 (2002)

Uzbekistan
273 (2002)

Vanuatu
30 (2002)

Venezuela
373 (2002)

Vietnam
47 (2002)

Virgin Islands
2 (2002)

Wake Island
1 (2002)

Wallis and Futuna
2 (2002)

West Bank
3 (2002)

Western Sahara
11 (2002)

Yemen
44 (2002)

Zambia
109 (2002)

Zimbabwe
430 (2002)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2054 Birth rate (births/1,000 population)

Afghanistan
40.63 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Albania
18.2 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Algeria
21.94 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

American Samoa
23.26 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Andorra
9.65 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Angola
45.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Anguilla
14.68 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
18.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Argentina
17.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Armenia
12.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Aruba
11.86 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Australia
12.55 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Austria
9.43 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Azerbaijan
19.28 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Bahamas, The
18.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Bahrain
19.02 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Bangladesh
29.9 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Barbados
13.15 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Belarus
10.18 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Belgium
10.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Belize
30.46 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Benin
43.15 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Bermuda
12.13 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Bhutan
34.82 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Bolivia
25.53 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
12.65 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Botswana
25.5 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Brazil
17.67 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

British Virgin Islands
15 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Brunei
19.68 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Bulgaria
8.02 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Burkina Faso
44.78 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Burma
19.15 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Burundi
39.72 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Cambodia
27.28 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Cameroon
35.49 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Canada
10.99 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Cape Verde
26.95 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Cayman Islands
13.33 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Central African Republic
35.93 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Chad
47.06 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Chile
16.1 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

China
12.96 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Christmas Island
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Colombia
21.59 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Comoros
38.5 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the 45.12 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
29.46 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Cook Islands
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Costa Rica
19.4 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
40.01 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Croatia
12.76 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Cuba
11.87 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Cyprus
12.77 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Czech Republic
9.01 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Denmark
11.52 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Djibouti
40.78 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Dominica
16.78 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Dominican Republic
23.94 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

East Timor
27.75 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Ecuador
24.94 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Egypt
24.36 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

El Salvador
27.9 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
36.94 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Eritrea
39.44 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Estonia
9.24 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Ethiopia
39.81 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
NA births/1,000 population

Faroe Islands
13.81 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Fiji
23.06 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Finland
10.54 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

France
12.54 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

French Guiana
21.33 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

French Polynesia
17.74 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Gabon
36.54 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Gambia, The
40.77 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Gaza Strip
41.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Georgia
11.79 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Germany
8.6 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Ghana
25.84 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Gibraltar
11.09 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Greece
9.79 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Greenland
16.09 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Grenada
22.87 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Guadeloupe
16.16 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Guam
23.19 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Guatemala
35.05 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Guernsey
9.43 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Guinea
42.5 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
38.41 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Guyana
17.87 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Haiti
34.06 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Honduras
31.67 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Hong Kong
10.71 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Hungary
9.32 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Iceland
14.13 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

India
23.28 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Indonesia
21.49 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Iran
17.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Iraq
33.66 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Ireland
14.63 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Israel
18.67 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Italy
9.18 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Jamaica
17.35 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Japan
9.61 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Jersey
10.44 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Jordan
23.68 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Kazakhstan
18.36 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Kenya
28.81 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Kiribati
31.24 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Korea, North
17.61 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Korea, South
12.6 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Kuwait
21.83 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
26.06 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Laos
36.93 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Latvia
8.55 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Lebanon
19.68 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Lesotho
27.26 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Liberia
45.28 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Libya
27.43 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Liechtenstein
10.92 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Lithuania
10.48 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Luxembourg
11.92 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Macau
12.07 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of 13.2 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Madagascar
42.16 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Malawi
44.7 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Malaysia
23.7 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Maldives
36.71 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Mali
47.79 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Malta
12.75 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Man, Isle of
11.38 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Marshall Islands
34.18 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Martinique
14.96 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Mauritania
42.16 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Mauritius
16.1 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Mayotte
42.86 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Mexico
21.92 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of 26.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Moldova
14.31 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Monaco
9.46 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Mongolia
21.39 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Montserrat
17.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Morocco
23.26 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Mozambique
38.2 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Namibia
34.1 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Nauru
26.09 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Nepal
32.46 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Netherlands
11.31 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
15.76 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

New Caledonia
19.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

New Zealand
14.14 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Nicaragua
26.29 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Niger
49.54 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Nigeria
38.75 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Niue
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Norfolk Island
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Northern Mariana Islands
19.97 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Norway
12.17 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Oman
37.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Pakistan
29.59 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Palau
19.02 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Panama
20.78 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Papua New Guinea
31.07 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Paraguay
30.14 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Peru
22.81 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Philippines
26.3 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Poland
10.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Portugal
11.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Puerto Rico
15 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Qatar
15.68 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Reunion
20.17 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Romania
10.79 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Russia
10.09 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Rwanda
40.1 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Saint Helena
12.9 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
18.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Saint Lucia
20.93 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
14.62 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 17.16 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Samoa
15.41 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

San Marino
10.49 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe
41.87 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Saudi Arabia
37.2 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Senegal
36.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
12.74 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Seychelles
16.89 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Sierra Leone
43.89 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Singapore
12.75 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Slovakia
10.1 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Slovenia
9.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Solomon Islands
32.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Somalia
46.42 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

South Africa
18.87 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Spain
10.08 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Sri Lanka
16.12 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Sudan
36.48 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Suriname
19.4 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Svalbard
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Swaziland
29.37 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Sweden
9.71 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Switzerland
9.59 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Syria
29.54 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Taiwan
12.74 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Tajikistan
32.78 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Tanzania
39.5 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Thailand
16.37 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Togo
35.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Tokelau
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Tonga
24.51 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago
12.74 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Tunisia
16.53 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Turkey
17.59 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Turkmenistan
28.02 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
23.51 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Tuvalu
21.58 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Uganda
46.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Ukraine
9.89 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

United Arab Emirates
18.48 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

United Kingdom
10.99 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

United States
14.14 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Uruguay
17.19 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Uzbekistan
26.09 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Vanuatu
24.26 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Venezuela
19.78 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Vietnam
19.58 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Virgin Islands
15.8 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Wallis and Futuna
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

West Bank
34.07 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Western Sahara
NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

World
20.43 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Yemen
43.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Zambia
39.53 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Zimbabwe
30.34 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2055 Military branches

Afghanistan
NA; note - the December 2001 Bonn Agreement called for
all militia forces to come under the authority of the central
government, but regional leaders have continued to retain their
militias and the formation of a nation army will be a gradual
process; Afghanistan's forces continue to be factionalized, largely
along ethnic lines

Albania
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, Interior Ministry
Troops, Border Guards

Algeria
People's National Army (ANP), Algerian National Navy (ANN),
Air Force, Territorial Air Defense, National Gendarmerie

Andorra
no regular military forces, but there is a police force

Angola
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, National Police Force

Antigua and Barbuda
Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force, Royal
Antigua and Barbuda Police Force (including the Coast Guard)

Argentina
Argentine Army, Navy of the Argentine Republic (includes
naval aviation and Marines), Coast Guard, Argentine Air Force,
National Gendarmerie, National Aeronautical Police Force

Armenia
Army, Air and Air Defense Forces, Border Guards

Aruba
no regular indigenous military forces; Royal Dutch Navy and
Marines, Coast Guard

Australia
Australian Army, Royal Australian Navy, Royal Australian
Air Force

Austria
Land Forces (KdoLdSK), Air Forces (KdoLuSK)

Azerbaijan
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces

Bahamas, The
Royal Bahamas Defense Force (Coast Guard only), Royal
Bahamas Police Force

Bahrain
Bahrain Defense Forces (BDF) comprising Ground Force
(includes Air Defense), Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard, Police Force,
Amiri Guards, National Guard

Bangladesh
Army, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard, paramilitary forces
(includes Bangladesh Rifles, Bangladesh Ansars, Village Defense
Parties, Armed Police Battalions, National Cadet Corps)

Barbados
Royal Barbados Defense Force (including Ground Forces and
Coast Guard), Royal Barbados Police Force

Belarus
Army, Air Force (including air defense), Interior Ministry
Troops, Border Guards

Belgium
Army, Navy, Air Components, Federal Police

Belize
Belize Defense Force (includes Army, Maritime Wing, Air Wing,
and Volunteer Guard)

Benin
Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force), National
Gendarmerie

Bermuda
no regular indigenous military forces; Bermuda Regiment,
Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary

Bhutan
Royal Bhutan Army, Royal Bodyguard, National Militia, Royal
Bhutan Police, Forest Guards

Bolivia
Army (Ejercito Boliviano), Navy (Fuerza Naval, includes
Marines), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Boliviana), National Police Force
(Policia Nacional de Bolivia)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
VF Army (the air and air defense forces are
subordinate commands within the Army), VRS Army (the air and air
defense forces are subordinate commands within the Army)

Botswana
Botswana Defense Force (including Army and Air Wing),
Botswana National Police

Brazil
Brazilian Army, Brazilian Navy (includes naval air and
marines), Brazilian Air Force, Federal Police (paramilitary)

Brunei
Land Forces, Navy, Air Force, Royal Brunei Police

Bulgaria
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces (subordinate to
Ministry of Defense), Internal Forces (subordinate to Ministry of
Interior), Civil Defense Forces (subordinate to the president)

Burkina Faso
Army, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police,
People's Militia

Burma
Army, Navy, Air Force

Burundi
Army (including naval and air units), Gendarmerie

Cambodia
Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF): Army, Navy, Air Force

Cameroon
Army, Navy (includes naval infantry), Air Force, National
Gendarmerie, Presidential Guard

Canada
Canadian Armed Forces (comprising Land Forces Command,
Maritime Command, Air Command, Communications Command, Training
Command)

Cape Verde
Army, Coast Guard

Cayman Islands
no regular indigenous military forces; Royal Cayman
Islands Police Force (RCIPF)

Central African Republic
Central African Armed Forces (FACA)
(including Republican Guard, Ground Forces, Naval Forces, and Air
Force), Presidential Security Guard, Gendarmerie, National Police

Chad
Armed Forces (including National Army, Air Force, and
Gendarmerie), Rapid Intervention Force, National and Nomadic Guard
(GNNT), Presidential Security Guard, Police

Chile
Army of the Nation, National Navy (including naval air, coast
guard, and marines), Air Force of the Nation, Chilean Carabineros
(National Police), Investigations Police

China
People's Liberation Army (PLA): comprises ground forces, Navy
(including naval infantry and naval aviation), Air Force, and II
Artillery Corps (strategic missile force), People's Armed Police
Force (internal security troops, nominally a state security body but
included by the Chinese as part of the "armed forces" and considered
to be an adjunct to the PLA), militia

Colombia
Army (Ejercito Nacional), Navy (Armada Nacional, including
Marines and Coast Guard), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Colombiana),
National Police (Policia Nacional)

Comoros
Comoran Security Force

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Army, Navy, Air Force, Special
Security Battalion

Congo, Republic of the
Army, Air Force, Navy, Gendarmerie, National
Police

Costa Rica
no regular indigenous military forces; Air Section,
Ministry of Public Forces (Fuerza Publica)

Cote d'Ivoire
Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary Gendarmerie,
Republican Guard (includes Presidential Guard)

Croatia
Ground Forces (Hrvatska Vojska, HV), Naval Forces, Air and
Air Defense Forces

Cuba
Revolutionary Armed Forces (FAR) including Revolutionary Army
(ER), Revolutionary Navy (MGR), Air and Air Defense Force (DAAFAR),
Territorial Militia Troops (MTT), and Youth Labor Army (EJT); note -
the Border Guard Troops (TGF) are controlled by the Interior Ministry

Cyprus
Greek Cypriot area: Greek Cypriot National Guard (GCNG;
including air and naval elements), Greek Cypriot Police
Turkish Cypriot area: Turkish Cypriot Security Force (GKK)

Czech Republic
Army, Air and Air Defense Forces, Territorial Defense
Force

Denmark
Royal Danish Army, Royal Danish Navy, Royal Danish Air
Force, Home Guard

Djibouti
Djibouti National Army (including Navy and Air Force)

Dominica
Commonwealth of Dominica Police Force (including Special
Service Unit, Coast Guard)

Dominican Republic
Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police

East Timor
The East Timor Defense Force or FALINTIL-FDTL comprises a
light-infantry Army and a small Naval component; note - plans are to
develop a force of 1,500 active personnel and 1,500 reserve
personnel over the next five years

Ecuador
Army, Navy (including Marines), Air Force, National Police

Egypt
Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Command

El Salvador
Army, Navy (FNES), Air Force

Equatorial Guinea
Army, Navy, Air Force, Rapid Intervention Force,
National Police

Eritrea
Army, Navy, Air Force

Estonia
Estonia Defense Forces (including Ground Forces, Navy, Air
Force), Republic Security Forces (internal and border troops),
Volunteer Defense League (Kaitseliit), Maritime Border Guard, Coast
Guard
note: Border Guards and Ministry of Internal Affairs become part of
the Estonian Defense Forces in wartime; the Coast Guard is
subordinate to the Ministry of Defense in peacetime and the Estonian
Navy in wartime

Ethiopia
Ethiopian National Defense Force (Ground Forces, Air Force,
militia, police)
note: Ethiopia is landlocked and has no navy; following the
secession of Eritrea, Ethiopian naval facilities remained in
Eritrean possession

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
British Forces Falkland Islands no
regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force,
and Royal Navy), Police Force

Faroe Islands
no regular indigenous military forces; small Police
Force and Coast Guard are maintained

Fiji
Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF), includes ground
forces, naval division

Finland
Army, Navy, Air Force, Frontier Guard (including Sea Guard)

France
Army (includes marines), Navy (includes naval air), Air Force
(includes Air Defense), National Gendarmerie

French Guiana
no regular indigenous military forces; French Forces,
Gendarmerie

French Polynesia
no regular indigenous military forces; French
Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie

Gabon
Army, Navy, Air Force, Presidential (Republican) Guard
(charged with protecting the president and other senior officials),
National Gendarmerie, National Police

Gambia, The
Gambian National Army (GNA) (includes marine unit),
National Police, Presidential Guard

Gaza Strip
in accordance with the peace agreement, the Palestinian
Authority is not permitted conventional military forces; there are,
however, a Public Security Force and a civil Police Force

Georgia
Ground Forces (includes National Guard), combined Air and
Air Defense Forces, Naval Forces, Republic Security and Police
Forces (internal and border troops)

Germany
Army, Navy (including naval air arm), Air Force, Medical
Corps, Joint Support Service

Ghana
Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police Force

Gibraltar
no regular indigenous military forces; British Army, Royal
Navy, Royal Air Force

Greece
Hellenic Army, Hellenic Navy, Hellenic Air Force, Police,
National Guard

Grenada
Royal Grenada Police Force, Coast Guard

Guadeloupe
no regular indigenous military forces; French Forces,
Gendarmerie

Guatemala
Army, Navy (includes Marines), Air Force

Guinea
Army, Navy, Air Force, Republican Guard, Presidential Guard,
paramilitary National Gendarmerie, National Police Force (Surete
National)

Guinea-Bissau
People's Revolutionary Armed Force (FARP; includes
Army, Navy, and Air Force), paramilitary force

Guyana
Guyana Defense Force (including Ground Forces, Coast Guard,
and Air Corps), Guyana Police Force, Guyana People's Militia, Guyana
National Service

Haiti
Haitian National Police (HNP)
note: the regular Haitian Army, Navy, and Air Force have been
demobilized but still exist on paper until or unless they are
constitutionally abolished

Holy See (Vatican City)
Swiss Guards Corps (Corpo della Guardia
Svizzera)

Honduras
Army, Navy (including marines), Air Force

Hong Kong
no regular indigenous military forces; Hong Kong garrison
of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) including elements of the
PLA Ground Forces, PLA Navy, and PLA Air Force; these forces are
under the direct leadership of the Central Military Commission in
Beijing and under administrative control of the adjacent Guangzhou
Military Region

Hungary
Ground Forces, Air Forces

Iceland
no regular armed forces; Police, Coast Guard

India
Army, Navy (including naval air arm), Air Force, Strategic
Nuclear Command (SNC), Coast Guard, various security or paramilitary
forces (including Border Security Force, Assam Rifles, Rashtriya
Rifles, National Security Guards, Indo-Tibetan Border Police,
Special Frontier Force, Ladakh Scouts, Central Reserve Police Force,
Central Industrial Security Force, Railway Protection Force, Defense
Security Corps, and Indian Reserve Battalions)

Indonesia
Army, Navy (including marines and naval air arm), Air Force

Iran
Islamic Republic of Iran regular forces (includes Ground
Forces, Navy, Air Force and Air Defense Command), Iranian
Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) (includes Ground Forces, Air
Force, Navy, Qods [special operations], and Basij [Popular
Mobilization Army] forces), Law Enforcement Forces

Iraq
Army, Republican Guard, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Force,
Border Guard Force, Fedayeen Saddam; note - with the defeat of
Saddam Hussein's regime in 2003, the data listed in the following
entries for Iraq is invalid, but is retained here for historical
purposes and until replaced by valid information related to the
future Iraqi Government (April 2003)

Ireland
Army (including Naval Service and Air Corps), National
Police (Garda Siochana)

Israel
Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (includes ground, naval, and air
components with Air Defense Forces), Pioneer Fighting Youth (Nahal);
note - historically there have been no separate Israeli military
services

Italy
Army, Navy, Air Force, Carabinieri

Jamaica
Jamaica Defense Force (including Ground Forces, Coast Guard,
and Air Wing), Jamaica Constabulary Force

Japan
Ground Self-Defense Force (Army), Maritime Self-Defense Force
(Navy), Air Self-Defense Force (Air Force), Coast Guard

Jordan
Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) (Royal Jordanian Land Force,
Royal Naval Force, Royal Jordanian Air Force, and Special Operations
Command or SOCOM); note - Public Security Directorate normally falls
under Ministry of Interior but comes under JAF in wartime or crisis
situations

Kazakhstan
Ground Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces, Naval Force,
Border Service, Republican Guard

Kenya
Army, Navy, Air Force

Kiribati
no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law
enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts
are on all islands)

Korea, North
Korean People's Army (includes Army, Navy, Air Force),
Civil Security Forces

Korea, South
Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, National Maritime
Police (Coast Guard)

Kuwait
Army, Navy, Air Force (including Air Defense Force), National
Police Force, National Guard, Coast Guard

Kyrgyzstan
Army, Air and Air Defense, Security Forces, Border Troops

Laos
Lao People's Army (LPA; including Riverine Force), Air Force,
National Police Department

Latvia
Ground Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, Border
Guard, National Guard

Lebanon
Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF; includes Army, Navy, and Air
Force)

Lesotho
Lesotho Defense Force (LDF; including Army and Air Wing),
Royal Lesotho Mounted Police

Liberia
Army, Navy, Air Force

Libya
Armed Peoples on Duty (Army), Navy, Air and Air Defense
Command (includes Air Force)

Lithuania
Ground Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Force, National
Volunteer Defense Forces (SKAT)

Luxembourg
Army, Grand Ducal Police

Macau
no regular indigenous military forces; responsibility for
defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999; there is a local
police force

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Army (ARM), Air and Air
Defense Forces, Police Force

Madagascar
People's Armed Forces (comprising Intervention Force,
Development Force, Aeronaval [Navy and Air] Force), Gendarmerie,
Presidential Security Regiment

Malawi
Army (including Air Wing and Naval Detachment), Police
(including paramilitary Mobile Force Unit)

Malaysia
Malaysian Army, Royal Malaysian Navy, Royal Malaysian Air
Force, Royal Malaysian Police Field Force, Marine Police, Sarawak
Border Scouts

Maldives
National Security Service

Mali
Army, Air Force, Gendarmerie, Republican Guard, National Guard,
National Police (Surete Nationale)

Malta
Armed Forces (including land forces [with subordinate air
squadron and maritime squadron] and the Revenue Security Corps),
Maltese Police Force

Marshall Islands
no regular military forces; Police Force

Martinique
no regular indigenous military forces; French Forces
(Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie

Mauritania
Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National
Guard, National Police, Presidential Guard

Mauritius
National Police Force (includes the paramilitary Special
Mobile Force or SMF and National Coast Guard)

Mexico
National Defense Secretariat (SEDENA) (including Army and Air
Force), Navy Secretariat (including Naval Air and Marines)

Moldova
Ground Forces (includes Air and Air Defense Forces),
Republic Security Forces (includes paramilitary Internal Troops and
Border Troops)

Mongolia
Mongolian Armed Forces (includes General Purpose Forces,
Air and Air Defense Forces, Civil Defense Troops); note - Border
Troops are under Ministry of Justice and Home Affairs in peacetime

Montserrat
no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force

Morocco
Royal Armed Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force),
Gendarmerie, Auxiliary Forces

Mozambique
Army, Naval Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Special
Forces, Militia

Namibia
National Defense Force (Army, including Air Wing), Police

Nauru
no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force

Nepal
Royal Nepalese Army (includes Royal Nepalese Army Air
Service), Nepalese Police Force

Netherlands
Royal Netherlands Army, Royal Netherlands Navy
(including Naval Air Service and Marine Corps), Royal Netherlands
Air Force, Royal Constabulary

Netherlands Antilles
no regular indigenous military forces; Royal
Netherlands Navy, Marine Corps, Royal Netherlands Air Force,
National Guard, Police Force

New Caledonia
no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed
Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force

New Zealand
New Zealand Army, Royal New Zealand Navy, Royal New
Zealand Air Force

Nicaragua
Army, Navy, Air Force

Niger
Army, Air Force, Gendarmerie, National Intervention and
Security Force

Nigeria
Army, Navy, Air Force, Police Force

Niue
no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force

Norway
Norwegian Army, Royal Norwegian Navy (including Coast
Artillery and Coast Guard), Royal Norwegian Air Force, Home Guard

Oman
Royal Omani Armed Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force), Royal Omani
Police

Pakistan
Army, Navy, Air Force, Civil Armed Forces, National Guard

Palau
NA

Panama
an amendment to the Constitution abolished the armed forces,
but there are security forces (Panamanian Public Forces or PPF
includes the Panamanian National Police, National Maritime Service,
and National Air Service)

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea Defense Force (includes Ground
Force, Maritime Operations Element, and Air Operations Element)

Paraguay
Army, Navy (includes Naval Air and Marines), Air Force

Peru
Army (Ejercito Peruano), Navy (Marina de Guerra del Peru;
includes Naval Air, Marines, and Coast Guard), Air Force (Fuerza
Aerea del Peru; FAP), National Police (includes General Police,
Security Police, and Technical Police)

Philippines
Army, Navy (including Coast Guard and Marine Corps), Air
Force, paramilitary units

Poland
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Force

Portugal
Army, Navy (PON) (includes Marines), Air Force, Republican
Guard (includes Fiscal Guard)

Puerto Rico
no regular indigenous military forces; paramilitary
National Guard, Police Force

Qatar
Army, Navy, Air Force

Reunion
no regular indigenous military forces; French forces
(including Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie)

Romania
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces (AMR), Paramilitary
Forces, Civil Defense, Border Guards

Russia
Ground Forces, Navy, Air Forces; Airborne troops, Strategic
Rocket Forces, and Military Space Forces are classified as
independent combat arms, not subordinate to any of the three branches

Rwanda
Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force (including
Coast Guard), Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force (including
Special Service Unit)

Saint Lucia
Royal Saint Lucia Police Force (includes Special Service
Unit and Coast Guard)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Royal Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines Police Force (includes Special Service Unit), Coast Guard

Samoa
no regular armed services; Samoa Police Force

San Marino
Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar),
Gendarmerie; note - the Voluntary Military Force performs ceremonial
duties and limited police assistance

Sao Tome and Principe
Army, Navy, Security Police

Saudi Arabia
Land Force (Army), Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Force,
National Guard, Ministry of Interior Forces (paramilitary)

Senegal
Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police
(Surete Nationale)

Serbia and Montenegro
Army (VJ) (including ground forces with border
troops, naval forces, air and air defense forces)

Seychelles
Army, Coast Guard (includes Air Wing), Presidential
Protection Unit (includes Presidential Guard), Police Force
(includes Police Mobile Unit, a special weapons and tactics unit
capable of assisting the Army in maintaining internal stability)

Sierra Leone
Army (RSLAF)

Singapore
Army, Navy, Air Force, People's Defense Force, Police Force

Slovakia
Army (Ground Forces), Air and Air Defense Forces, Home
Guards (Territorial Defense Forces), Civil Defense Force, Railway
Armed Forces (subordinate to the Ministry of Transportation, Post,
and Telecommunications)

Slovenia
Slovenian Army (includes Air and Naval Forces)

Solomon Islands
no regular military forces; Solomon Islands National
Reconnaissance and Surveillance Force; Royal Solomon Islands Police
(RSIP)

Somalia
A Somali National Army was attempted under the interim
government; numerous factions and clans maintain independent
militias, and the Somaliland and Puntland regional governments
maintain their own security and police forces

South Africa
South African National Defense Force (including Army,
Navy, Air Force, and Medical Services), South African Police Service

Spain
Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, Civil Guard, National Police,
Coastal Civil Guard

Sri Lanka
Army, Navy, Air Force, Police Force

Sudan
Army, Navy, Air Force, Popular Defense Force Militia

Suriname
National Army (including small Navy and Air Force
elements), Civil Police

Swaziland
Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force (Army), Royal Swaziland
Police Force

Sweden
Army, Royal Navy (including Coast Artillery and Naval
Helicopter Service), Air Force

Switzerland
Army, Air Force, Frontier Guards, Fortification Guards

Syria
Syrian Arab Army, Syrian Arab Navy, Syrian Arab Air Force
(includes Air Defense Forces), Police and Security Force

Taiwan
Army, Navy (including Marine Corps), Air Force, Coast Guard
Administration, Armed Forces Reserve Command, Combined Service
Forces Command

Tajikistan
Army, Air Force and Air Defense Force, Presidential
National Guard, Security Forces (internal and border troops)

Tanzania
Tanzanian People's Defense Force (including Army, Navy, and
Air Force), paramilitary Police Field Force Unit (including Police
Marine Unit and Police Air Wing), territorial militia

Thailand
Royal Thai Army, Royal Thai Navy (includes Royal Thai
Marine Corps), Royal Thai Air Force, paramilitary forces (includes
the Border Patrol Police [including Police Aerial Reinforcement
Unit], Thahan Phran, Special Action Forces, Police Aviation
Division, Thai Marine Police, and the Volunteer Defense Corps)

Togo
Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie

Tonga
Tonga Defense Services (made up of three operational command
components and two support elements, including the Royal Marines,
Royal Guards, Maritime Force, a support/logistics group, and a
training group), Police; note - a new air wing that will be
subordinate to the Ministry of Defense is being developed

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (including
Ground Force, Coast Guard, and Air Wing), Trinidad and Tobago Police
Service

Tunisia
Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary forces, National Guard

Turkey
Land Forces, Navy (includes Naval Air and Naval Infantry),
Air Force, Coast Guard, Gendarmerie

Turkmenistan
Ministry of Defense (Army, Air and Air Defense, Navy,
Border Troops, and Internal Troops), National Guard

Tuvalu
no regular military forces; Police Force (includes Maritime
Surveillance Unit for search and rescue missions and surveillance
operations)

Uganda
Ugandan Peoples' Defense Force (including Army, Marine unit,
Air Wing)

Ukraine
Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force, Air Defense Forces,
Interior Troops, Border Troops

United Arab Emirates
Army, Navy (including Marines and Coast Guard),
Air Force, Air Defense, paramilitary forces (includes Federal Police
Force)

United Kingdom
Army, Royal Navy (including Royal Marines), Royal Air
Force

United States
Army, Navy and Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast
Guard (Coast Guard administered in peacetime by the Department of
Homeland Security but in wartime reports to the Department of the
Navy)

Uruguay
Army, Navy (including Naval Air Arm, Coast Guard, Marines),
Air Force, Police (Coracero Guard, Grenadier Guard)

Uzbekistan
Army, Air and Air Defense Forces, National Guard,
Security Forces (internal security and border troops)

Vanuatu
no regular military forces; Vanuatu Police Force (VPF;
including the paramilitary Mobile Force or VMF)

Venezuela
National Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas Nacionales or FAN)
includes Ground Forces or Army (Fuerzas Terrestres or Ejercito),
Naval Forces (Fuerzas Navales or Armada - including marines and
Coast Guard), Air Force (Fuerzas Aereas or Aviacion), Armed Forces
of Cooperation or National Guard (Fuerzas Armadas de Cooperacion or
Guardia Nacional)

Vietnam
People's Army of Vietnam (includes Ground Forces, People's
Navy Command [including Naval Infantry], Air and Air Defense Force,
Coast Guard)

Yemen
Army (includes Special Forces, established in 1999), Navy, Air
Force, Air Defense Forces, Republican Guard

Zambia
Army, Air Force, Police, paramilitary forces

Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe National Army, Air Force of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe
Republic Police (includes Police Support Unit, Paramilitary Police)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2056 Budget

Afghanistan
revenues: $200 million
expenditures: $550 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2003 plan est.)

Albania
revenues: $697 million
expenditures: $1.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $368
million (2002 est.)

Algeria
revenues: $20.3 billion
expenditures: $18.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.8
billion (2001 est.)

American Samoa
revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63%
in US grants)
expenditures: $127 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY96/97)

Andorra
revenues: $385 million
expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1997)

Angola
revenues: $928 million
expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $963
million (1992 est.)

Anguilla
revenues: $22.8 million
expenditures: $22.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA
(2000 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
revenues: $123.7 million
expenditures: $145.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Argentina
revenues: $44 billion
expenditures: $48 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Armenia
revenues: $402 million
expenditures: $482 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Aruba
revenues: $135.81 million
expenditures: $147 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000)

Australia
revenues: $86.8 billion
expenditures: $84.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 00/01 est.)

Austria
revenues: $53 billion
expenditures: $54 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Azerbaijan
revenues: $786 million
expenditures: $807 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Bahamas, The
revenues: $918.5 million
expenditures: $956.5 million, including capital expenditures of
$106.7 million (FY 99/00)

Bahrain
revenues: $1.8 billion
expenditures: $2.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $700
million (2002 est.)

Bangladesh
revenues: $4.9 billion
expenditures: $6.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY99/00 est.)

Barbados
revenues: $847 million (including grants)
expenditures: $886 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Belarus
revenues: $4 billion
expenditures: $4.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $180
million (1997 est.)

Belgium
revenues: $113.4 billion
expenditures: $106 billion, including capital expenditures of $7.17
billion (2000)

Belize
revenues: $224 million
expenditures: $209 million, including capital expenditures of $70
million (2002 est.)

Benin
revenues: $377.4 million
expenditures: $561.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001)

Bermuda
revenues: $609.5 million
expenditures: $574.6 million, including capital expenditures of
$54.8 million (FY 00/01)

Bhutan
revenues: $146 million
expenditures: $152 million, including capital expenditures of NA
note: the government of India finances nearly three-fifths of
Bhutan's budget expenditures (FY95/96 est.)

Bolivia
revenues: $4 billion
expenditures: $4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
revenues: $1.9 billion
expenditures: $2.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999 est.)

Botswana
revenues: $2.3 billion
expenditures: $2.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 01/02)

Brazil
revenues: $100.6 billion
expenditures: $91.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000)

British Virgin Islands
revenues: $121.5 million
expenditures: $115.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1997)

Brunei
revenues: $2.5 billion
expenditures: $2.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.35
billion (1997 est.)

Bulgaria
revenues: $5.57 billion
expenditures: $5.68 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Burkina Faso
revenues: $316 million
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001)

Burma
revenues: $7.9 billion
expenditures: $12.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.7
billion (FY96/97)

Burundi
revenues: $125 million
expenditures: $176 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Cambodia
revenues: $396 million
expenditures: $607 million, including capital expenditures of $254
million (2001 est.)

Cameroon
revenues: $2.2 billion
expenditures: $2.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 00/01 est.)

Canada
revenues: $178.6 billion
expenditures: $161.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 00/01 est.)

Cape Verde
revenues: $112 million
expenditures: $198 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000)

Cayman Islands
revenues: $265.2 million
expenditures: $248.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1997)

Central African Republic
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Chad
revenues: $198 million
expenditures: $218 million, including capital expenditures of $146
million (1998 est.)

Chile
revenues: $17 billion
expenditures: $17 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

China
revenues: $224.8 billion
expenditures: $267.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000)

Christmas Island
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Colombia
revenues: $24 billion
expenditures: $25.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Comoros
revenues: $27.6 million
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
revenues: $269 million
expenditures: $244 million, including capital expenditures of $24
million (1996 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
revenues: $870 million
expenditures: $970 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1997 est.)

Cook Islands
revenues: $28 million
expenditures: $27 million, including capital expenditures of $3.3
million (FY 00/01 est.)

Costa Rica
revenues: $1.91 billion
expenditures: $2.35 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
revenues: $1.72 billion
expenditures: $2.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $420
million (2001 est.)

Croatia
revenues: $8.6 billion
expenditures: $9 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Cuba
revenues: $14.9 billion
expenditures: $15.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Cyprus
revenues: Greek Cypriot area - $4.4 billion, Turkish Cypriot
area - $231.3 million (2002 est.)
expenditures: $3.7 billion, Greek Cypriot area - $539 million,
including capital expenditures of $539 million, Turkish Cypriot area
- $432.8 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)

Czech Republic
revenues: $16.7 billion
expenditures: $18 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Denmark
revenues: $52.9 billion
expenditures: $51.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $500
million (2001 est.)

Djibouti
revenues: $135 million
expenditures: $182 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999 est.)

Dominica
revenues: $73.9 million
expenditures: $84.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001)

Dominican Republic
revenues: $2.9 billion
expenditures: $3.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.1
billion (2001 est.)

East Timor
revenues: $36 million
expenditures: $97 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2003 est.)

Ecuador
revenues: $5.6 billion
expenditures: planned $5.6 billion, including capital expenditures
of $NA (2001 est.)

Egypt
revenues: $21.5 billion
expenditures: $26.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.9
billion (2001)

El Salvador
revenues: $2.1 billion
expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
revenues: $200 million
expenditures: $158 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Eritrea
revenues: $206.4 million
expenditures: $615.7 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Estonia
revenues: $1.89 billion
expenditures: $1.89 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Ethiopia
revenues: $1.8 billion
expenditures: $1.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $600
million (2002 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
revenues: $66.2 million
expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2
million (FY98/99 est.)

Faroe Islands
revenues: $488 million
expenditures: $484 million, including capital expenditures of $21
million (1999)

Fiji
revenues: $427.9 million
expenditures: $531.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Finland
revenues: $36.1 billion
expenditures: $31 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

France
revenues: $286 billion
expenditures: $330 billion, including capital expenditures of $23
billion (2002 est.)

French Guiana
revenues: $225 million
expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105
million (1996)

French Polynesia
revenues: $1 billion
expenditures: $900 million, including capital expenditures of $185
million (1996)

Gabon
revenues: $1.8 billion
expenditures: $1.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $310
million (2002 est.)

Gambia, The
revenues: $90.5 million
expenditures: $80.9 million, including capital expenditures of $4.1
million (2001 est.)

Gaza Strip
revenues: $930 million
expenditures: $1.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $15
million (includes West Bank) (2000 est.)

Georgia
revenues: $499 million
expenditures: $554 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Germany
revenues: $802 billion
expenditures: $825 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Ghana
revenues: $1.603 billion
expenditures: $1.975 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Gibraltar
revenues: $307 million
expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 00/01 est.)

Greece
revenues: $45 billion
expenditures: $47.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998 est.)

Greenland
revenues: $646 million
expenditures: $629 million, including capital expenditures of $85
million (1999)

Grenada
revenues: $85.8 million
expenditures: $102.1 million, including capital expenditures of $28
million (1997)

Guadeloupe
revenues: $225 million
expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105
million (1996)

Guam
revenues: $340 million
expenditures: $445 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Guatemala
revenues: $2.3 billion
expenditures: $2.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $750
million (2002 est.)

Guernsey
revenues: $381.3 million
expenditures: $368.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Guinea
revenues: $395.7 million
expenditures: $472.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
million (2000 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Guyana
revenues: $227 million
expenditures: $235.2 million, including capital expenditures of
$93.4 million (2000)

Haiti
revenues: $273 million
expenditures: $361 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 00/01 est.)

Holy See (Vatican City)
revenues: $173.5 million
expenditures: $176.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001)

Honduras
revenues: $607 million
expenditures: $411.9 million, including capital expenditures of $106
million (1999 est.)

Hong Kong
revenues: $22.8 billion
expenditures: $30.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY02/03)

Hungary
revenues: $13 billion
expenditures: $14.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Iceland
revenues: $3.5 billion
expenditures: $3.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $467
million (1999)

India
revenues: $48.3 billion
expenditures: $78.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $14
(FY01/02 est.)

Indonesia
revenues: $26 billion
expenditures: $30 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Iran
revenues: $29.5 billion
expenditures: $31.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Iraq
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Ireland
revenues: $30.7 billion
expenditures: $30.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.5
billion (2002)

Israel
revenues: $38.5 billion
expenditures: $45.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Italy
revenues: $504 billion
expenditures: $517 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Jamaica
revenues: $2.23 billion
expenditures: $2.56 billion, including capital expenditures of
$232.5 million (FY 99/00 est.)

Japan
revenues: $441 billion
expenditures: $718 billion, including capital expenditures (public
works only) of about $0 NA (FY 01/02 est.)

Jersey
revenues: $601 million
expenditures: $588 million, including capital expenditures of $98
million (2000 est.)

Jordan
revenues: $2.7 billion
expenditures: $3 billion, including capital expenditures of $614
million (2002 est.)

Kazakhstan
revenues: $4.2 billion
expenditures: $5.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Kenya
revenues: $2.91 billion
expenditures: $2.97 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Kiribati
revenues: $28.4 million
expenditures: $37.2 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Korea, North
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Korea, South
revenues: $118.1 billion
expenditures: $95.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $22.6
billion (2000)

Kuwait
revenues: $11 billion
expenditures: $17.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 02/03)

Kyrgyzstan
revenues: $207.4 million
expenditures: $238.7 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999 est.)

Laos
revenues: $211 million
expenditures: $462 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY98/99 est. est.)

Latvia
revenues: $2.4 billion
expenditures: $2.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Lebanon
revenues: $3.1 billion
expenditures: $5.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Lesotho
revenues: $76 million
expenditures: $80 million, including capital expenditures of $15
million (FY 99/00 est.)

Liberia
revenues: $85.4 million
expenditures: $90.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Libya
revenues: $13.7 billion
expenditures: $8.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Liechtenstein
revenues: $424.2 million
expenditures: $414.1 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998 est.)

Lithuania
revenues: $1.59 billion
expenditures: $1.77 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Luxembourg
revenues: $5.5 billion
expenditures: $5.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $760
million (2002 est.)

Macau
revenues: $1.41 billion
expenditures: $1.19 billion, including capital expenditures of $194
million (2002)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
revenues: $1.13 billion
expenditures: $1.02 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Madagascar
revenues: $553 million
expenditures: $735 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998 est.)

Malawi
revenues: $490 million
expenditures: $523 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 99/00 est.)

Malaysia
revenues: $20.3 billion
expenditures: $27.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $9.4
billion (2001 est.)

Maldives
revenues: $224 million (excluding foreign grants)
expenditures: $282 million, including capital expenditures of $80
million (2002 est.)

Mali
revenues: $764 million
expenditures: $828 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Malta
revenues: $1.5 billion
expenditures: $1.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000)

Man, Isle of
revenues: $485 million
expenditures: $463 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY00/01 est.)

Marshall Islands
revenues: $42 million
expenditures: $40 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999)

Martinique
revenues: $900 million
expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $140
million (1996)

Mauritania
revenues: $421 million
expenditures: $378 million, including capital expenditures of $154
million (2002 est.)

Mauritius
revenues: $1.1 billion
expenditures: $1.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999 est.)

Mayotte
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1991 est.)

Mexico
revenues: $136 billion
expenditures: $140 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
revenues: $161 million ($69 million
less grants)
expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998 est.)

Moldova
revenues: $536 million
expenditures: $594 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998 est.)

Monaco
revenues: $518 million
expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1995)

Mongolia
revenues: $386 million
expenditures: $427 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Montserrat
revenues: $31.4 million
expenditures: $31.6 million, including capital expenditures of $8.4
million (1997 est.)

Morocco
revenues: $13.8 billion
expenditures: $14.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.1
billion (2001 est.)

Mozambique
revenues: $393.1 million
expenditures: $1.025 billion, including capital expenditures of
$479.4 million (2001 est.)

Namibia
revenues: $883 million
expenditures: $950 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998)

Nauru
revenues: $23.4 million
expenditures: $64.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 95/96)

Nepal
revenues: $665 million
expenditures: $1.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 99/00 est.)

Netherlands
revenues: $134 billion
expenditures: $134 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
revenues: $710.8 million
expenditures: $741.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1997 est.)

New Caledonia
revenues: $861.3 million
expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52
million (1996 est.)

New Zealand
revenues: $29.2 billion
expenditures: $31.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002)

Nicaragua
revenues: $726 million
expenditures: $908 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Niger
revenues: $320 million - including $134 million from foreign
sources
expenditures: $320 million, including capital expenditures of $178
million (2002 est.)

Nigeria
revenues: $3.4 billion
expenditures: $3.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Niue
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Norfolk Island
revenues: $4.6 million
expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 92/93)

Northern Mariana Islands
revenues: $193 million
expenditures: $223 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY
01/02 est.)

Norway
revenues: $71.7 billion
expenditures: $57.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Oman
revenues: $9.2 billion
expenditures: $6.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Pakistan
revenues: $12.6 billion
expenditures: $14.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY02/03 est.)

Palau
revenues: $57.7 million
expenditures: $80.8 million, including capital expenditures of $17.1
million (FY 98/99 est.)

Panama
revenues: $1.9 billion
expenditures: $2 billion, including capital expenditures of $471
million (2000 est.)

Papua New Guinea
revenues: $894 million
expenditures: $1.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $344
million (2000 est.)

Paraguay
revenues: $1.3 billion
expenditures: $2 billion, including capital expenditures of $700
million (1999 est.)

Peru
revenues: $10.4 billion
expenditures: $10.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Philippines
revenues: $10.9 billion
expenditures: $15 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
revenues: $729,884
expenditures: $878,119, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY
94/95 est.)

Poland
revenues: $49.6 billion
expenditures: $52.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999)

Portugal
revenues: $45 billion
expenditures: $48 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Puerto Rico
revenues: $6.7 billion
expenditures: $9.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 99/00)

Qatar
revenues: $5 billion
expenditures: $5.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.2
billion (FY 02/03 est.)

Reunion
revenues: $1.26 billion
expenditures: $2.62 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998)

Romania
revenues: $11.7 billion
expenditures: $12.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999 est.)

Russia
revenues: $70 billion
expenditures: $62 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Rwanda
revenues: $199.3 million
expenditures: $445 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Saint Helena
revenues: $11.2 million
expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY92)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
revenues: $89.7 million
expenditures: $128.2 million, including capital expenditures of
$19.5 million (2003 est.)

Saint Lucia
revenues: $141.2 million
expenditures: $146.7 million, including capital expenditures of
$25.1 million (2000 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
revenues: $70 million
expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24
million (1996 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
revenues: $94.6 million
expenditures: $85.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Samoa
revenues: $105 million
expenditures: $119 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001/2002)

San Marino
revenues: $400 million
expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe
revenues: $58 million
expenditures: $114 million, including capital expenditures of $54
million (1993 est.)

Saudi Arabia
revenues: $46 billion
expenditures: $56.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2003 est.)

Senegal
revenues: $1.373 billion
expenditures: $1.373 billion, including capital expenditures of $357
million (2002 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
revenues: $3.9 billion
expenditures: $4.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Seychelles
revenues: $249 million
expenditures: $262 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998 est.)

Sierra Leone
revenues: $96 million
expenditures: $351 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Singapore
revenues: $27.9 billion
expenditures: $19.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.4
billion (FY 00/01 est.)

Slovakia
revenues: $5.2 billion
expenditures: $5.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999)

Slovenia
revenues: $8.11 billion
expenditures: $8.32 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1997 est.)

Solomon Islands
revenues: $38 million
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001)

Somalia
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

South Africa
revenues: $22.6 billion
expenditures: $24.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
billion (FY 02/03)

Spain
revenues: $105 billion
expenditures: $109 billion, including capital expenditures of $12.8
billion (2000 est.)

Sri Lanka
revenues: $2.8 billion
expenditures: $4.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Sudan
revenues: $1.6 billion
expenditures: $1.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Suriname
revenues: $393 million
expenditures: $403 million, including capital expenditures of $34
million (1997 est.)

Svalbard
revenues: $11.5 million
expenditures: $11.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998 est.)

Swaziland
revenues: $448 million
expenditures: $506.9 million, including capital expenditures of $147
million (FY 01/02)

Sweden
revenues: $119 billion
expenditures: $110 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Switzerland
revenues: $30 billion
expenditures: $30 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Syria
revenues: $6 billion
expenditures: $7 billion, including capital expenditures of $3.6
billion (2002 est.)

Taiwan
revenues: $36 billion
expenditures: $36.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

Tajikistan
revenues: $502 million
expenditures: $520 million, including capital expenditures of $86
million (2002 est.)

Tanzania
revenues: $1.01 billion
expenditures: $1.38 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 00/01 est.)

Thailand
revenues: $19 billion
expenditures: $21 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Togo
revenues: $232 million
expenditures: $252 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1997 est.)

Tokelau
revenues: $430,830
expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of
$37,300 (1987 est.)

Tonga
revenues: $39.9 million
expenditures: $52.4 million, including capital expenditures of $1.9
million (FY 99/00 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago
revenues: $1.54 billion
expenditures: $1.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $117.3
million (1998)

Tunisia
revenues: $5.2 billion
expenditures: $5.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.6
billion (2002 est.)

Turkey
revenues: $42.4 billion
expenditures: $69.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001)

Turkmenistan
revenues: $588.6 million
expenditures: $658.2 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
revenues: $47 million
expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1997-98 est.)

Tuvalu
revenues: $22.5 million
expenditures: $11.2 million, including capital expenditures of $4.2
million (2000 est.)

Uganda
revenues: $959 million
expenditures: $1.04 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY98/99 est.)

Ukraine
revenues: $10.2 billion
expenditures: $11.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2002 est.)

United Arab Emirates
revenues: $20 billion
expenditures: $22 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

United Kingdom
revenues: $565 billion
expenditures: $540 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY 01)

United States
revenues: $1.946 trillion
expenditures: $2.052 trillion, including capital expenditures of NA
(2002 est.)

Uruguay
revenues: $3.7 billion
expenditures: $4.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $500
million (2000)

Uzbekistan
revenues: $4 billion
expenditures: $4.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999 est.)

Vanuatu
revenues: $94.4 million
expenditures: $99.8 million, including capital expenditures of $30.4
million (1996 est.)

Venezuela
revenues: $21.5 billion
expenditures: $27 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000 est.)

Vietnam
revenues: $5.3 billion
expenditures: $5.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.8
billion (1999 est.)

Virgin Islands
revenues: $364.4 million
expenditures: $364.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1990 est.)

Wallis and Futuna
revenues: $20 million
expenditures: $17 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998 est.)

West Bank
revenues: $930 million
expenditures: $1.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $15
million
note: includes Gaza Strip (2000 est.)

Western Sahara
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Yemen
revenues: $3 billion
expenditures: $3.1 billion, including capital expenditures of NA
(2001 est.)

Zambia
revenues: $1.2 billion
expenditures: $1.25 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2001 est.)

Zimbabwe
revenues: $2.5 billion
expenditures: $2.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(2000)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2057 Capital

Afghanistan
Kabul

Albania
Tirana

Algeria
Algiers

American Samoa
Pago Pago

Andorra
Andorra la Vella

Angola
Luanda

Anguilla
The Valley

Antigua and Barbuda
Saint John's

Argentina
Buenos Aires

Armenia
Yerevan

Aruba
Oranjestad

Australia
Canberra

Austria
Vienna

Azerbaijan
Baku (Baki)

Bahamas, The
Nassau

Bahrain
Manama

Bangladesh
Dhaka

Barbados
Bridgetown

Belarus
Minsk

Belgium
Brussels

Belize
Belmopan

Benin
Porto-Novo is the official capital; Cotonou is the seat of
government

Bermuda
Hamilton

Bhutan
Thimphu

Bolivia
La Paz (seat of government); Sucre (legal capital and seat
of judiciary)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sarajevo

Botswana
Gaborone

Brazil
Brasilia

British Virgin Islands
Road Town

Brunei
Bandar Seri Begawan

Bulgaria
Sofia

Burkina Faso
Ouagadougou

Burma
Rangoon (regime refers to the capital as Yangon)

Burundi
Bujumbura

Cambodia
Phnom Penh

Cameroon
Yaounde

Canada
Ottawa

Cape Verde
Praia

Cayman Islands
George Town

Central African Republic
Bangui

Chad
N'Djamena

Chile
Santiago

China
Beijing

Christmas Island
The Settlement

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
West Island

Colombia
Bogota

Comoros
Moroni

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Kinshasa

Congo, Republic of the
Brazzaville

Cook Islands
Avarua

Costa Rica
San Jose

Cote d'Ivoire
Yamoussoukro; note - although Yamoussoukro has been
the official capital since 1983, Abidjan remains the commercial and
administrative center; the US, like other countries, maintains its
Embassy in Abidjan

Croatia
Zagreb

Cuba
Havana

Cyprus
Nicosia

Czech Republic
Prague

Denmark
Copenhagen

Djibouti
Djibouti

Dominica
Roseau

Dominican Republic
Santo Domingo

East Timor
Dili

Ecuador
Quito

Egypt
Cairo

El Salvador
San Salvador

Equatorial Guinea
Malabo

Eritrea
Asmara (formerly Asmera)

Estonia
Tallinn

Ethiopia
Addis Ababa

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Stanley

Faroe Islands
Torshavn

Fiji
Suva

Finland
Helsinki

France
Paris

French Guiana
Cayenne

French Polynesia
Papeete

Gabon
Libreville

Gambia, The
Banjul

Georgia
T'bilisi

Germany
Berlin

Ghana
Accra

Gibraltar
Gibraltar

Greece
Athens

Greenland
Nuuk (Godthab)

Grenada
Saint George's

Guadeloupe
Basse-Terre

Guam
Hagatna (Agana)

Guatemala
Guatemala

Guernsey
Saint Peter Port

Guinea
Conakry

Guinea-Bissau
Bissau

Guyana
Georgetown

Haiti
Port-au-Prince

Holy See (Vatican City)
Vatican City

Honduras
Tegucigalpa

Hungary
Budapest

Iceland
Reykjavik

India
New Delhi

Indonesia
Jakarta

Iran
Tehran

Iraq
Baghdad

Ireland
Dublin

Israel
Jerusalem; note - Israel proclaimed Jerusalem as its capital
in 1950, but the US, like nearly all other countries, maintains its
Embassy in Tel Aviv

Italy
Rome

Jamaica
Kingston

Japan
Tokyo

Jersey
Saint Helier

Jordan
'Amman

Kazakhstan
Astana; note - the government moved from Almaty to Astana
in December 1998

Kenya
Nairobi

Kiribati
Tarawa

Korea, North
Pyongyang

Korea, South
Seoul

Kuwait
Kuwait

Kyrgyzstan
Bishkek

Laos
Vientiane

Latvia
Riga

Lebanon
Beirut

Lesotho
Maseru

Liberia
Monrovia

Libya
Tripoli

Liechtenstein
Vaduz

Lithuania
Vilnius

Luxembourg
Luxembourg

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Skopje

Madagascar
Antananarivo

Malawi
Lilongwe

Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur

Maldives
Male

Mali
Bamako

Malta
Valletta

Man, Isle of
Douglas

Marshall Islands
Majuro

Martinique
Fort-de-France

Mauritania
Nouakchott

Mauritius
Port Louis

Mayotte
Mamoutzou

Mexico
Mexico (Distrito Federal)

Micronesia, Federated States of
Palikir

Moldova
Chisinau

Monaco
Monaco

Mongolia
Ulaanbaatar

Montserrat
Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity;
interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate, in
the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of
Montserrat)

Morocco
Rabat

Mozambique
Maputo

Namibia
Windhoek

Nauru
no official capital; government offices in Yaren District

Nepal
Kathmandu

Netherlands
Amsterdam; The Hague is the seat of government

Netherlands Antilles
Willemstad

New Caledonia
Noumea

New Zealand
Wellington

Nicaragua
Managua

Niger
Niamey

Nigeria
Abuja; note - on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially
transferred from Lagos to Abuja; most federal government offices
have now made the move to Abuja

Niue
Alofi

Norfolk Island
Kingston

Northern Mariana Islands
Saipan

Norway
Oslo

Oman
Muscat

Pakistan
Islamabad

Palau
Koror; note - a new capital is being built about 20 km
northeast of Koror

Panama
Panama

Papua New Guinea
Port Moresby

Paraguay
Asuncion

Peru
Lima

Philippines
Manila

Pitcairn Islands
Adamstown

Poland
Warsaw

Portugal
Lisbon

Puerto Rico
San Juan

Qatar
Doha

Reunion
Saint-Denis

Romania
Bucharest

Russia
Moscow

Rwanda
Kigali

Saint Helena
Jamestown

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Basseterre

Saint Lucia
Castries

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saint-Pierre

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Kingstown

Samoa
Apia

San Marino
San Marino

Sao Tome and Principe
Sao Tome

Saudi Arabia
Riyadh

Senegal
Dakar

Serbia and Montenegro
Belgrade; note - Podgorica is the judicial
capital

Seychelles
Victoria

Sierra Leone
Freetown

Singapore
Singapore

Slovakia
Bratislava

Slovenia
Ljubljana

Solomon Islands
Honiara

Somalia
Mogadishu

South Africa
Pretoria; note - Cape Town is the legislative center
and Bloemfontein the judicial center

Spain
Madrid

Sri Lanka
Colombo; note - Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte is the
legislative capital

Sudan
Khartoum

Suriname
Paramaribo

Svalbard
Longyearbyen

Swaziland
Mbabane; note - Lobamba is the royal and legislative
capital

Sweden
Stockholm

Switzerland
Bern

Syria
Damascus

Taiwan
Taipei

Tajikistan
Dushanbe

Tanzania
Dar es Salaam; note - legislative offices have been
transferred to Dodoma, which is planned as the new national capital;
the National Assembly now meets there on regular basis

Thailand
Bangkok

Togo
Lome

Tokelau
none; each atoll has its own administrative center

Tonga
Nuku'alofa

Trinidad and Tobago
Port-of-Spain

Tunisia
Tunis

Turkey
Ankara

Turkmenistan
Ashgabat

Turks and Caicos Islands
Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)

Tuvalu
Funafuti

Uganda
Kampala

Ukraine
Kiev (Kyyiv)

United Arab Emirates
Abu Dhabi

United Kingdom
London

United States
Washington, DC

Uruguay
Montevideo

Uzbekistan
Tashkent (Toshkent)

Vanuatu
Port-Vila

Venezuela
Caracas

Vietnam
Hanoi

Virgin Islands
Charlotte Amalie

Wallis and Futuna
Mata-Utu (on Ile Uvea)

Western Sahara
none

Yemen
Sanaa

Zambia
Lusaka

Zimbabwe
Harare

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2058 Imports - commodities

Afghanistan
capital goods, food, textiles, petroleum products

Albania
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, textiles, chemicals

Algeria
capital goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods

American Samoa
materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum
products 7%, machinery and parts 6%

Andorra
consumer goods, food, electricity

Angola
machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts;
medicines, food, textiles, military goods

Anguilla
fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles

Antigua and Barbuda
food and live animals, machinery and transport
equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil

Argentina
machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, metal
manufactures, plastics

Armenia
natural gas, petroleum, tobacco products, foodstuffs,
diamonds

Aruba
machinery and electrical equipment, crude oil for refining and
reexport, chemicals; foodstuffs

Australia
machinery and transport equipment, computers and office
machines, telecommunication equipment and parts; crude oil and
petroleum products

Austria
machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, metal
goods, oil and oil products; foodstuffs

Azerbaijan
machinery and equipment, oil products, foodstuffs,
metals, chemicals

Bahamas, The
machinery and transport equipment, manufactures,
chemicals, mineral fuels; food and live animals

Bahrain
crude oil, machinery, chemicals

Bangladesh
machinery and equipment, chemicals, iron and steel,
textiles, foodstuffs, petroleum products, cement (2000)

Barbados
consumer goods, machinery, foodstuffs, construction
materials, chemicals, fuel, electrical components

Belarus
mineral products, machinery and equipment, chemicals,
foodstuffs, metals

Belgium
machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals and metal
products, foodstuffs

Belize
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods; fuels,
chemicals, pharmaceuticals; food, beverages, tobacco

Benin
foodstuffs, capital goods, petroleum products

Bermuda
machinery and transport equipment, construction materials,
chemicals, food and live animals

Bhutan
fuel and lubricants, grain, machinery and parts, vehicles,
fabrics, rice

Bolivia
capital goods, raw materials and semi-manufactures,
chemicals, petroleum, food

Bosnia and Herzegovina
machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels,
foodstuffs

Botswana
foodstuffs, machinery, electrical goods, transport
equipment, textiles, fuel and petroleum products, wood and paper
products, metal and metal products

Brazil
machinery, electrical, and transport equipment, chemical
products, oil

British Virgin Islands
building materials, automobiles, foodstuffs,
machinery

Brunei
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food,
chemicals

Bulgaria
fuels, minerals, and raw materials; machinery and
equipment; metals and ores; chemicals and plastics; food, textiles

Burkina Faso
capital goods, foodstuffs, petroleum

Burma
machinery, transport equipment, construction materials, crude
oil; food products

Burundi
capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs

Cambodia
petroleum products, cigarettes, gold, construction
materials, machinery, motor vehicles

Cameroon
machinery, electrical equipment, transport equipment, fuel,
food

Canada
machinery and equipment, motor vehicles and parts, crude oil,
chemicals, electricity, durable consumer goods

Cape Verde
foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment,
fuels

Cayman Islands
foodstuffs, manufactured goods

Central African Republic
food, textiles, petroleum products,
machinery, electrical equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals,
pharmaceuticals

Chad
machinery and transportation equipment, industrial goods,
petroleum products, foodstuffs, textiles

Chile
consumer goods, chemicals, motor vehicles, fuels, electrical
machinery, heavy industrial machinery, food

China
machinery and equipment, mineral fuels, plastics, iron and
steel, chemicals

Christmas Island
consumer goods

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
foodstuffs

Colombia
industrial equipment, transportation equipment, consumer
goods, chemicals, paper products, fuels, electricity

Comoros
rice and other foodstuffs, consumer goods; petroleum
products, cement, transport equipment

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
foodstuffs, mining and other
machinery, transport equipment, fuels

Congo, Republic of the
capital equipment, construction materials,
foodstuffs

Cook Islands
foodstuffs, textiles, fuels, timber, capital goods

Costa Rica
raw materials, consumer goods, capital equipment,
petroleum

Cote d'Ivoire
fuel, capital equipment, foodstuffs

Croatia
machinery, transport and electrical equipment, chemicals,
fuels and lubricants, foodstuffs

Cuba
petroleum, food, machinery and equipment, chemicals

Cyprus
Greek Cypriot area: consumer goods, petroleum and lubricants,
intermediate goods, machinery, transport equipment; Turkish Cypriot
area: food, minerals, chemicals, machinery

Czech Republic
machinery and transport equipment 40%, intermediate
manufactures 21%, raw materials and fuels 13%, chemicals 11% (2000)

Denmark
machinery and equipment, raw materials and semimanufactures
for industry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs, consumer goods

Djibouti
foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum
products

Dominica
manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, food, chemicals

Dominican Republic foodstuffs, petroleum, cotton and fabrics, chemicals and pharmaceuticals

East Timor
mainly food (2001)

Ecuador
machinery and equipment, chemicals, raw materials, fuels;
consumer goods

Egypt
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products,
fuels

El Salvador
raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels,
foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity

Equatorial Guinea
petroleum sector equipment, other equipment

Eritrea
machinery, petroleum products, food, manufactured goods
(2000)

Estonia
machinery and equipment 33.5%, chemical products 11.6%,
textiles 10.3%, foodstuffs 9.4%, transportation equipment 8.9% (2001)

Ethiopia
food and live animals, petroleum and petroleum products,
chemicals, machinery, motor vehicles, cereals, textiles

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
fuel, food and drink, building
materials, clothing

Faroe Islands
machinery and transport equipment 29%, consumer goods
36%, raw materials and semi-manufactures 32%, fuels, fish and salt
(1999)

Fiji
manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment,
petroleum products, food, chemicals

Finland
foodstuffs, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals,
transport equipment, iron and steel, machinery, textile yarn and
fabrics, grains (1999)

France
machinery and equipment, vehicles, crude oil, aircraft,
plastics, chemicals

French Guiana
food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport
equipment, fuels and chemicals

French Polynesia
fuels, foodstuffs, machinery and equipment

Gabon
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, construction
materials

Gambia, The
foodstuffs, manufactures, fuel, machinery and transport
equipment

Gaza Strip
food, consumer goods, construction materials

Georgia
fuels, machinery and parts, transport equipment, grain and
other foods, pharmaceuticals

Germany
machinery, vehicles, chemicals, foodstuffs, textiles, metals

Ghana
capital equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs

Gibraltar
fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs

Greece
machinery, transport equipment, fuels, chemicals

Greenland
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods,
food, petroleum products

Grenada
food, manufactured goods, machinery, chemicals, fuel

Guadeloupe
foodstuffs, fuels, vehicles, clothing and other consumer
goods, construction materials

Guam
petroleum and petroleum products, food, manufactured goods

Guatemala
fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction
materials, grain, fertilizers, electricity

Guernsey
coal, gasoline, oil, machinery and equipment

Guinea
petroleum products, metals, machinery, transport equipment,
textiles, grain and other foodstuffs

Guinea-Bissau
foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment,
petroleum products

Guyana
manufactures, machinery, petroleum, food

Haiti
food, manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment,
fuels, raw materials

Honduras
machinery and transport equipment, industrial raw
materials, chemical products, fuels, foodstuffs (2000)

Hong Kong
foodstuffs, transport equipment, raw materials,
semimanufactures, petroleum, plastics, machinery, electrical
equipment; a large share is reexported

Hungary
machinery and equipment 51.6%, other manufactures 35.3%,
fuels and electricity 8.2%, food products 2.9%, raw materials 2.0%
(2001)

Iceland
machinery and equipment, petroleum products; foodstuffs,
textiles

India
crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals

Indonesia
machinery and equipment; chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs

Iran
industrial raw materials and intermediate goods, capital goods,
foodstuffs and other consumer goods, technical services, military
supplies

Iraq
food, medicine, manufactures

Ireland
data processing equipment, other machinery and equipment,
chemicals; petroleum and petroleum products, textiles, clothing

Israel
raw materials, military equipment, investment goods, rough
diamonds, fuels, grain, consumer goods

Italy
engineering products, chemicals, transport equipment, energy
products, minerals and nonferrous metals, textiles and clothing;
food, beverages and tobacco

Jamaica
machinery and transport equipment, construction materials,
fuel, food, chemicals, fertilizers

Japan
machinery and equipment, fuels, foodstuffs, chemicals,
textiles, raw materials (2001)

Jersey
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods,
foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals

Jordan
crude oil, machinery, transport equipment, food, live
animals, manufactured goods

Kazakhstan
machinery and equipment 41%, metal products 28%,
foodstuffs 8% (2001)

Kenya
machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum products,
motor vehicles, iron and steel, resins and plastics

Kiribati
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous
manufactured goods, fuel

Korea, North
petroleum, coking coal, machinery and equipment;
textiles, grain

Korea, South
machinery, electronics and electronic equipment, oil,
steel, transport equipment, textiles, organic chemicals, grains

Kuwait
food, construction materials, vehicles and parts, clothing

Kyrgyzstan
oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals,
foodstuffs

Laos
machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, consumer goods

Latvia
machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, vehicles

Lebanon
foodstuffs, electrical products, vehicles, minerals,
chemicals, textiles, fuels

Lesotho
food; building materials, vehicles, machinery, medicines,
petroleum products (2000)

Liberia
fuels, chemicals, machinery, transportation equipment,
manufactured goods; foodstuffs

Libya
machinery, transport equipment, food, manufactured goods (1999)

Liechtenstein
agricultural products, raw materials, machinery, metal
goods, textiles, foodstuffs, motor vehicles

Lithuania
mineral products 21%, machinery and equipment 17%,
transport equipment 11%, chemicals 9%, textiles and clothing 9%,
metals 5% (2001)

Luxembourg
minerals, metals, foodstuffs, quality consumer goods

Macau
clothing, textiles, yarn, foodstuffs, fuel, automobiles,
capital goods

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
machinery and equipment,
chemicals, fuels; food products

Madagascar
capital goods, petroleum, consumer goods, food

Malawi
food, petroleum products, semimanufactures, consumer goods,
transportation equipment

Malaysia
electronics, machinery, petroleum products, plastics,
vehicles, iron and steel products, chemicals (2000)

Maldives
consumer goods, intermediate and capital goods, petroleum
products

Mali
petroleum, machinery and equipment, construction materials,
foodstuffs, textiles

Malta
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured and
semi-manufactured goods; food, drink, and tobacco

Man, Isle of
timber, fertilizers, fish

Marshall Islands
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels,
beverages and tobacco

Martinique
petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction
materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods

Mauritania
machinery and equipment, petroleum products, capital
goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods

Mauritius
manufactured goods, capital equipment, foodstuffs,
petroleum products, chemicals

Mayotte
food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment,
metals, chemicals

Mexico
metalworking machines, steel mill products, agricultural
machinery, electrical equipment, car parts for assembly, repair
parts for motor vehicles, aircraft, and aircraft parts

Micronesia, Federated States of
food, manufactured goods, machinery
and equipment, beverages

Moldova
mineral products and fuel 32%, machinery and equipment,
chemicals, textiles (2000)

Mongolia
machinery and equipment, fuels, food products, industrial
consumer goods, chemicals, building materials, sugar, tea

Montserrat
machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs,
manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials

Morocco
crude petroleum, textile fabric, telecommunications
equipment, wheat, gas and electricity, transistors, plastics

Mozambique
machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal
products, foodstuffs, textiles

Namibia
foodstuffs; petroleum products and fuel, machinery and
equipment, chemicals

Nauru
food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery

Nepal
gold, machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer

Netherlands
machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, fuels;
foodstuffs, clothing

Netherlands Antilles
crude petroleum, food, manufactures

New Caledonia
machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs

New Zealand
machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft,
petroleum, electronics, textiles, plastics

Nicaragua
machinery and equipment, raw materials, petroleum
products, consumer goods

Niger
foodstuffs, machinery, vehicles and parts, petroleum, cereals

Nigeria
machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured
goods, food and live animals

Niue
food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels,
lubricants, chemicals, drugs

Norfolk Island
NA

Northern Mariana Islands food, construction equipment and materials, petroleum products

Norway
machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs

Oman
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food,
livestock, lubricants

Pakistan
petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, chemicals,
transportation equipment, edible oils, pulses, iron an steel, tea

Palau
machinery and equipment, fuels, metals; foodstuffs

Panama
capital goods, crude oil, foodstuffs, consumer goods,
chemicals (1999)

Papua New Guinea
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured
goods, food, fuels, chemicals

Paraguay
road vehicles, consumer goods, tobacco, petroleum products,
electrical machinery

Peru
machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum, iron and
steel, chemicals, pharmaceuticals

Philippines
raw materials, machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals

Pitcairn Islands
fuel oil, machinery, building materials, flour,
sugar, other foodstuffs

Poland
machinery and transport equipment 38.2%, intermediate
manufactured goods 20.8%, chemicals 14.3%, miscellaneous
manufactured goods 9.5% (1999)

Portugal
machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum,
textiles, agricultural products

Puerto Rico
chemicals, machinery and equipment, clothing, food,
fish, petroleum products

Qatar
machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals

Reunion
manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and
transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products

Romania
machinery and equipment 23%, fuels and minerals 12%,
chemicals 9%, textile and products 19% (1999)

Russia
machinery and equipment, consumer goods, medicines, meat,
sugar, semifinished metal products

Rwanda
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, steel, petroleum
products, cement and construction material

Saint Helena
food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed,
building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts

Saint Kitts and Nevis
machinery, manufactures, food, fuels

Saint Lucia
food 23%, manufactured goods 21%, machinery and
transportation equipment 19%, chemicals, fuels

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
meat, clothing, fuel, electrical
equipment, machinery, building materials

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
foodstuffs, machinery and
equipment, chemicals and fertilizers, minerals and fuels

Samoa
machinery and equipment, industrial supplies, foodstuffs

San Marino
wide variety of consumer manufactures, food

Sao Tome and Principe
machinery and electrical equipment, food
products, petroleum products

Saudi Arabia
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, motor
vehicles, textiles

Senegal
foods and beverages, capital goods, fuels

Serbia and Montenegro
machinery and transport equipment, fuels and
lubricants, manufactured goods, chemicals, food and live animals,
raw materials

Seychelles
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products,
chemicals

Sierra Leone
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels and
lubricants, chemicals (1995)

Singapore
machinery and equipment, mineral fuels, chemicals,
foodstuffs

Slovakia
machinery and transport equipment 37.7%, intermediate
manufactured goods 18%, fuels 13%, chemicals 11%, miscellaneous
manufactured goods 9.5% (1999)

Slovenia
machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods,
chemicals, fuels and lubricants, food

Solomon Islands
food, plant and equipment, manufactured goods,
fuels, chemicals

Somalia
manufactures, petroleum products, foodstuffs, construction
materials, qat

South Africa
machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum products,
scientific instruments, foodstuffs (2000 est.)

Spain
machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, semifinished goods;
foodstuffs, consumer goods (1997)

Sri Lanka
textiles, mineral products, petroleum, foodstuffs,
machinery and equipment

Sudan
foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport
equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles, wheat

Suriname
capital equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs, cotton, consumer
goods

Swaziland
motor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment,
foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals

Sweden
machinery, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, motor
vehicles, iron and steel; foodstuffs, clothing

Switzerland
machinery, chemicals, vehicles, metals; agricultural
products, textiles

Syria
machinery and transport equipment 21%, food and livestock 18%,
metal and metal products 15%, chemicals and chemical products 10%
(2000 est.)

Taiwan
machinery and electrical equipment 44.5%, minerals, precision
instruments (2002)

Tajikistan
electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide,
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs

Tanzania
consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment,
industrial raw materials, crude oil

Thailand
capital goods, intermediate goods and raw materials,
consumer goods, fuels (2000)

Togo
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products

Tokelau
foodstuffs, building materials, fuel

Tonga
foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, chemicals

Trinidad and Tobago
machinery, transportation equipment,
manufactured goods, food, live animals

Tunisia
textiles, machinery and equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals,
food

Turkey
machinery, chemicals, semi-finished goods, fuels, transport
equipment

Turkmenistan
machinery and equipment 60%, foodstuffs 15% (1999)

Turks and Caicos Islands food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials

Tuvalu
food, animals, mineral fuels, machinery, manufactured goods

Uganda
capital equipment, vehicles, petroleum, medical supplies;
cereals

Ukraine
energy, machinery and equipment, chemicals

United Arab Emirates machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food

United Kingdom
manufactured goods, machinery, fuels; foodstuffs

United States
crude oil and refined petroleum products, machinery,
automobiles, consumer goods, industrial raw materials, food and
beverages

Uruguay
machinery, chemicals, road vehicles, crude petroleum

Uzbekistan
machinery and equipment 49.8%, foodstuffs 16.4%,
chemicals, metals (1998 est.)

Vanuatu
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, fuels

Venezuela
raw materials, machinery and equipment, transport
equipment, construction materials

Vietnam
machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer,
steel products, raw cotton, grain, cement, motorcycles

Virgin Islands
crude oil, foodstuffs, consumer goods, building
materials

Wallis and Futuna
chemicals, machinery, passenger ships, consumer
goods

West Bank
food, consumer goods, construction materials

Western Sahara
fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs

World
the whole range of industrial and agricultural goods and
services

Yemen
food and live animals, machinery and equipment, chemicals

Zambia
machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products,
electricity, fertilizer; foodstuffs, clothing

Zimbabwe
machinery and transport equipment, other manufactures,
chemicals, fuels

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2059 Climate

Afghanistan
arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers

Albania
mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry
summers; interior is cooler and wetter

Algeria
arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers
along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high
plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in
summer

American Samoa
tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds;
annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to
April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature
variation

Andorra
temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers

Angola
semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool,
dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)

Anguilla
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds

Antarctica
severe low temperatures vary with latitude, elevation,
and distance from the ocean; East Antarctica is colder than West
Antarctica because of its higher elevation; Antarctic Peninsula has
the most moderate climate; higher temperatures occur in January
along the coast and average slightly below freezing

Antigua and Barbuda
tropical marine; little seasonal temperature
variation

Arctic Ocean
polar climate characterized by persistent cold and
relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized
by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and
clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and
foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow

Argentina
mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in
southwest

Armenia
highland continental, hot summers, cold winters

Aruba
tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
tropical

Atlantic Ocean
tropical cyclones (hurricanes) develop off the coast
of Africa near Cape Verde and move westward into the Caribbean Sea;
hurricanes can occur from May to December, but are most frequent
from August to November

Australia
generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east;
tropical in north

Austria
temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent
rain in lowlands and snow in mountains; cool summers with occasional
showers

Azerbaijan
dry, semiarid steppe

Bahamas, The
tropical marine; moderated by warm waters of Gulf Stream

Bahrain
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers

Baker Island
equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun

Bangladesh
tropical; mild winter (October to March); hot, humid
summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October)

Barbados
tropical; rainy season (June to October)

Bassas da India
tropical

Belarus
cold winters, cool and moist summers; transitional between
continental and maritime

Belgium
temperate; mild winters, cool summers; rainy, humid, cloudy

Belize
tropical; very hot and humid; rainy season (May to November);
dry season (February to May)

Benin
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Bermuda
subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in
winter

Bhutan
varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot
summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in
Himalayas

Bolivia
varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid

Bosnia and Herzegovina
hot summers and cold winters; areas of high
elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild,
rainy winters along coast

Botswana
semiarid; warm winters and hot summers

Bouvet Island
antarctic

Brazil
mostly tropical, but temperate in south

British Indian Ocean Territory
tropical marine; hot, humid,
moderated by trade winds

British Virgin Islands
subtropical; humid; temperatures moderated by
trade winds

Brunei
tropical; hot, humid, rainy

Bulgaria
temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers

Burkina Faso
tropical; warm, dry winters; hot, wet summers

Burma
tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest
monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild
temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon,
December to April)

Burundi
equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude
variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual
temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade
but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m;
average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; wet seasons from February
to May and September to November, and dry seasons from June to
August and December to January

Cambodia
tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry
season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation

Cameroon
varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid
and hot in north

Canada
varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in
north

Cape Verde
temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and
very erratic

Cayman Islands
tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October)
and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April)

Central African Republic
tropical; hot, dry winters; mild to hot,
wet summers

Chad
tropical in south, desert in north

Chile
temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region;
cool and damp in south

China
extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north

Christmas Island
tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds

Clipperton Island
tropical; humid, average temperature 20-32 degrees
C, rains May-October

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
tropical with high humidity, moderated by
the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year

Colombia
tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands

Comoros
tropical marine; rainy season (November to May)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the tropical; hot and humid in equatorial river basin; cooler and drier in southern highlands; cooler and wetter in eastern highlands; north of Equator - wet season April to October, dry season December to February; south of Equator - wet season November to March, dry season April to October

Congo, Republic of the
tropical; rainy season (March to June); dry
season (June to October); constantly high temperatures and humidity;
particularly enervating climate astride the Equator

Cook Islands
tropical; moderated by trade winds

Coral Sea Islands
tropical

Costa Rica
tropical and subtropical; dry season (December to April);
rainy season (May to November); cooler in highlands

Cote d'Ivoire
tropical along coast, semiarid in far north; three
seasons - warm and dry (November to March), hot and dry (March to
May), hot and wet (June to October)

Croatia
Mediterranean and continental; continental climate
predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry
summers along coast

Cuba
tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to
April); rainy season (May to October)

Cyprus
temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool
winters

Czech Republic
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters

Denmark
temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool
summers

Djibouti
desert; torrid, dry

Dominica
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds; heavy rainfall

Dominican Republic tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation; seasonal variation in rainfall

East Timor
tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons

Ecuador
tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher
elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands

Egypt
desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters

El Salvador
tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season
(November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands

Equatorial Guinea
tropical; always hot, humid

Eritrea
hot, dry desert strip along Red Sea coast; cooler and wetter
in the central highlands (up to 61 cm of rainfall annually);
semiarid in western hills and lowlands; rainfall heaviest during
June-September except in coastal desert

Estonia
maritime, wet, moderate winters, cool summers

Ethiopia
tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation

Europa Island
tropical

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate

Faroe Islands
mild winters, cool summers; usually overcast; foggy,
windy

Fiji
tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation

Finland
cold temperate; potentially subarctic, but comparatively
mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current,
Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes

France
generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and
hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry,
north-to-northwesterly wind known as mistral

French Guiana
tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature
variation

French Polynesia
tropical, but moderate

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
antarctic

Gabon
tropical; always hot, humid

Gambia, The
tropical; hot, rainy season (June to November); cooler,
dry season (November to May)

Gaza Strip
temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers

Georgia
warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast

Germany
temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers;
occasional warm foehn wind

Ghana
tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast;
hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north

Gibraltar
Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers

Glorioso Islands
tropical

Greece
temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers

Greenland
arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters

Grenada
tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds

Guadeloupe
subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high
humidity

Guam
tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by
northeast trade winds; dry season from January to June, rainy season
from July to December; little seasonal temperature variation

Guatemala
tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands

Guernsey
temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of
days are overcast

Guinea
generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to
November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May)
with northeasterly harmattan winds

Guinea-Bissau
tropical; generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type
rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season
(December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds

Guyana
tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two
rainy seasons (May to mid-August, mid-November to mid-January)

Haiti
tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds

Heard Island and McDonald Islands
antarctic

Holy See (Vatican City) temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to mid-May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)

Honduras
subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains

Hong Kong
tropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy
from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall

Howland Island
equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun

Hungary
temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers

Iceland
temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild, windy
winters; damp, cool summers

India
varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north

Indian Ocean
northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest
monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June
and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and
January/February in the southern Indian Ocean

Indonesia
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

Iran
mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast

Iraq
mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless
summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish
borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that
melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in
central and southern Iraq

Ireland
temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild
winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the
time

Israel
temperate; hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas

Italy
predominantly Mediterranean; Alpine in far north; hot, dry in
south

Jamaica
tropical; hot, humid; temperate interior

Jan Mayen
arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog

Japan
varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north

Jarvis Island
tropical; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun

Jersey
temperate; mild winters and cool summers

Johnston Atoll
tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast
trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation

Jordan
mostly arid desert; rainy season in west (November to April)

Juan de Nova Island
tropical

Kazakhstan
continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and
semiarid

Kenya
varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior

Kingman Reef
tropical, but moderated by prevailing winds

Kiribati
tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds

Korea, North
temperate with rainfall concentrated in summer

Korea, South
temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter

Kuwait
dry desert; intensely hot summers; short, cool winters

Kyrgyzstan
dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical
in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone

Laos
tropical monsoon; rainy season (May to November); dry season
(December to April)

Latvia
maritime; wet, moderate winters

Lebanon
Mediterranean; mild to cool, wet winters with hot, dry
summers; Lebanon mountains experience heavy winter snows

Lesotho
temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers

Liberia
tropical; hot, humid; dry winters with hot days and cool to
cold nights; wet, cloudy summers with frequent heavy showers

Libya
Mediterranean along coast; dry, extreme desert interior

Liechtenstein
continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow
or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers

Lithuania
transitional, between maritime and continental; wet,
moderate winters and summers

Luxembourg
modified continental with mild winters, cool summers

Macau
subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of warm, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall

Madagascar
tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south

Malawi
sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May
to November)

Malaysia
tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast
(October to February) monsoons

Maldives
tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to
March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August)

Mali
subtropical to arid; hot and dry February to June; rainy,
humid, and mild June to November; cool and dry November to February

Malta
Mediterranean with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers

Man, Isle of
temperate; cool summers and mild winters; overcast
about one-third of the time

Marshall Islands
wet season from May to November; hot and humid;
islands border typhoon belt

Martinique
tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to
October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every
eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid

Mauritania
desert; constantly hot, dry, dusty

Mauritius
tropical, modified by southeast trade winds; warm, dry
winter (May to November); hot, wet, humid summer (November to May)

Mayotte
tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during
northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to
November)

Mexico
varies from tropical to desert

Micronesia, Federated States of
tropical; heavy year-round rainfall,
especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the
typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage

Midway Islands
subtropical, but moderated by prevailing easterly
winds

Moldova
moderate winters, warm summers

Monaco
Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers

Mongolia
desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature
ranges)

Montserrat
tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation

Morocco
Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior

Mozambique
tropical to subtropical

Namibia
desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic

Nauru
tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February)

Navassa Island
marine, tropical

Nepal
varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to
subtropical summers and mild winters in south

Netherlands
temperate; marine; cool summers and mild winters

Netherlands Antilles
tropical; ameliorated by northeast trade winds

New Caledonia
tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid

New Zealand
temperate with sharp regional contrasts

Nicaragua
tropical in lowlands, cooler in highlands

Niger
desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south

Nigeria
varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in
north

Niue
tropical; modified by southeast trade winds

Norfolk Island
subtropical, mild, little seasonal temperature
variation

Northern Mariana Islands
tropical marine; moderated by northeast
trade winds, little seasonal temperature variation; dry season
December to June, rainy season July to October

Norway
temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current;
colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers;
rainy year-round on west coast

Oman
dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong
southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south

Pacific Ocean
planetary air pressure systems and resultant wind
patterns exhibit remarkable uniformity in the south and east; trade
winds and westerly winds are well-developed patterns, modified by
seasonal fluctuations; tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south
of Mexico from June to October and affect Mexico and Central
America; continental influences cause climatic uniformity to be much
less pronounced in the eastern and western regions at the same
latitude in the North Pacific Ocean; the western Pacific is
monsoonal - a rainy season occurs during the summer months, when
moisture-laden winds blow from the ocean over the land, and a dry
season during the winter months, when dry winds blow from the Asian
landmass back to the ocean; tropical cyclones (typhoons) may strike
southeast and east Asia from May to December

Pakistan
mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in
north

Palau
wet season May to November; hot and humid

Palmyra Atoll
equatorial, hot, and very rainy

Panama
tropical maritime; hot, humid, cloudy; prolonged rainy season
(May to January), short dry season (January to May)

Papua New Guinea
tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March),
southeast monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature
variation

Paracel Islands
tropical

Paraguay
subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the
eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west

Peru
varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate
to frigid in Andes

Philippines
tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April);
southwest monsoon (May to October)

Pitcairn Islands
tropical, hot, humid; modified by southeast trade
winds; rainy season (November to March)

Poland
temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters with
frequent precipitation; mild summers with frequent showers and
thundershowers

Portugal
maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and
drier in south

Puerto Rico
tropical marine, mild; little seasonal temperature
variation

Qatar
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers

Reunion
tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and
dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April

Romania
temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog;
sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms

Russia
ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in
much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in
the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to
frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool
along Arctic coast

Rwanda
temperate; two rainy seasons (February to April, November to
January); mild in mountains with frost and snow possible

Saint Helena
Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by
trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by
trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
tropical tempered by constant sea breezes;
little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)

Saint Lucia
tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season
from January to April, rainy season from May to August

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
cold and wet, with much mist and fog;
spring and autumn are windy

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
tropical; little seasonal
temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)

Samoa
tropical; rainy season (October to March), dry season (May to
October)

San Marino
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers

Sao Tome and Principe
tropical; hot, humid; one rainy season
(October to May)

Saudi Arabia
harsh, dry desert with great temperature extremes

Senegal
tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has
strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by
hot, dry, harmattan wind

Serbia and Montenegro
in the north, continental climate (cold
winters and hot, humid summers with well distributed rainfall);
central portion, continental and Mediterranean climate; to the
south, Adriatic climate along the coast, hot, dry summers and
autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall inland

Seychelles
tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast
monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest
monsoon (March to May)

Sierra Leone
tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy season (May to
December); winter dry season (December to April)

Singapore
tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons
- Northeastern monsoon from December to March and Southwestern
monsoon from June to September; inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon
and early evening thunderstorms

Slovakia
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters

Slovenia
Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate
with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and
valleys to the east

Solomon Islands
tropical monsoon; few extremes of temperature and
weather

Somalia
principally desert; December to February - northeast
monsoon, moderate temperatures in north and very hot in south; May
to October - southwest monsoon, torrid in the north and hot in the
south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili)
between monsoons

South Africa
mostly semiarid; subtropical along east coast; sunny
days, cool nights

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
variable, with mostly
westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of
calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow

Southern Ocean
sea temperatures vary from about 10 degrees Celsius
to -2 degrees Celsius; cyclonic storms travel eastward around the
continent and frequently are intense because of the temperature
contrast between ice and open ocean; the ocean area from about
latitude 40 south to the Antarctic Circle has the strongest average
winds found anywhere on Earth; in winter the ocean freezes outward
to 65 degrees south latitude in the Pacific sector and 55 degrees
south latitude in the Atlantic sector, lowering surface temperatures
well below 0 degrees Celsius; at some coastal points intense
persistent drainage winds from the interior keep the shoreline
ice-free throughout the winter

Spain
temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and
cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy
and cool along coast

Spratly Islands
tropical

Sri Lanka
tropical monsoon; northeast monsoon (December to March);
southwest monsoon (June to October)

Sudan
tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season varies
by region (April to November)

Suriname
tropical; moderated by trade winds

Svalbard
arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool
summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and
north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most
of the year

Swaziland
varies from tropical to near temperate

Sweden
temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly
cloudy summers; subarctic in north

Switzerland
temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy,
rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with
occasional showers

Syria
mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and
mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast; cold weather
with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus

Taiwan
tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon (June
to August); cloudiness is persistent and extensive all year

Tajikistan
midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters;
semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains

Tanzania
varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands

Thailand
tropical; rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-May to
September); dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March);
southern isthmus always hot and humid

Togo
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Tokelau
tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)

Tonga
tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to
May), cool season (May to December)

Trinidad and Tobago
tropical; rainy season (June to December)

Tromelin Island
tropical

Tunisia
temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry
summers; desert in south

Turkey
temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher
in interior

Turkmenistan
subtropical desert

Turks and Caicos Islands
tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds;
sunny and relatively dry

Tuvalu
tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds (March to
November); westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March)

Uganda
tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to
February, June to August); semiarid in northeast

Ukraine
temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern
Crimean coast; precipitation disproportionately distributed, highest
in west and north, lesser in east and southeast; winters vary from
cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland; summers are warm
across the greater part of the country, hot in the south

United Arab Emirates
desert; cooler in eastern mountains

United Kingdom
temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds
over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are
overcast

United States
mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida,
arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the
Mississippi River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low
winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in
January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes
of the Rocky Mountains

Uruguay
warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown

Uzbekistan
mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild
winters; semiarid grassland in east

Vanuatu
tropical; moderated by southeast trade winds

Venezuela
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

Vietnam
tropical in south; monsoonal in north with hot, rainy season
(mid-May to mid-September) and warm, dry season (mid-October to
mid-March)

Virgin Islands
subtropical, tempered by easterly trade winds,
relatively low humidity, little seasonal temperature variation;
rainy season May to November

Wake Island
tropical

Wallis and Futuna
tropical; hot, rainy season (November to April);
cool, dry season (May to October); rains 2,500-3,000 mm per year
(80% humidity); average temperature 26.6 degrees C

West Bank
temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with
altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters

Western Sahara
hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air
currents produce fog and heavy dew

World
two large areas of polar climates separated by two rather
narrow temperate zones form a wide equatorial band of tropical to
subtropical climates

Yemen
mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in
western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot,
dry, harsh desert in east

Zambia
tropical; modified by altitude; rainy season (October to
April)

Zimbabwe
tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to
March)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2060 Coastline (km)

Afghanistan
0 km (landlocked)

Albania
362 km

Algeria
998 km

American Samoa
116 km

Andorra
0 km (landlocked)

Angola
1,600 km

Anguilla
61 km

Antarctica
17,968 km

Antigua and Barbuda
153 km

Arctic Ocean
45,389 km

Argentina
4,989 km

Armenia
0 km (landlocked)

Aruba
68.5 km

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
74.1 km

Atlantic Ocean
111,866 km

Australia
25,760 km

Austria
0 km (landlocked)

Azerbaijan
0 km (landlocked); note - Azerbaijan borders the Caspian
Sea (800 km, est.)

Bahamas, The
3,542 km

Bahrain
161 km

Baker Island
4.8 km

Bangladesh
580 km

Barbados
97 km

Bassas da India
35.2 km

Belarus
0 km (landlocked)

Belgium
66 km

Belize
386 km

Benin
121 km

Bermuda
103 km

Bhutan
0 km (landlocked)

Bolivia
0 km (landlocked)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
20 km

Botswana
0 km (landlocked)

Bouvet Island
29.6 km

Brazil
7,491 km

British Indian Ocean Territory
698 km

British Virgin Islands
80 km

Brunei
161 km

Bulgaria
354 km

Burkina Faso
0 km (landlocked)

Burma
1,930 km

Burundi
0 km (landlocked)

Cambodia
443 km

Cameroon
402 km

Canada
202,080 km

Cape Verde
965 km

Cayman Islands
160 km

Central African Republic
0 km (landlocked)

Chad
0 km (landlocked)

Chile
6,435 km

China
14,500 km

Christmas Island
80 km

Clipperton Island
11.1 km

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
26 km

Colombia
3,208 km (Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448
km)

Comoros
340 km

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
37 km

Congo, Republic of the
169 km

Cook Islands
120 km

Coral Sea Islands
3,095 km

Costa Rica
1,290 km

Cote d'Ivoire
515 km

Croatia
5,835 km (mainland 1,777 km, islands 4,058 km)

Cuba
3,735 km

Cyprus
648 km

Czech Republic
0 km (landlocked)

Denmark
7,314 km

Djibouti
314 km

Dominica
148 km

Dominican Republic
1,288 km

East Timor
706 km

Ecuador
2,237 km

Egypt
2,450 km

El Salvador
307 km

Equatorial Guinea
296 km

Eritrea
2,234 km total; mainland on Red Sea 1,151 km, islands in Red
Sea 1,083 km

Estonia
3,794 km

Ethiopia
0 km (landlocked)

Europa Island
22.2 km

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
1,288 km

Faroe Islands
1,117 km

Fiji
1,129 km

Finland
1,126 km (excludes islands and coastal indentations)

France
3,427 km

French Guiana
378 km

French Polynesia
2,525 km

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
1,232 km

Gabon
885 km

Gambia, The
80 km

Gaza Strip
40 km

Georgia
310 km

Germany
2,389 km

Ghana
539 km

Gibraltar
12 km

Glorioso Islands
35.2 km

Greece
13,676 km

Greenland
44,087 km

Grenada
121 km

Guadeloupe
306 km

Guam
125.5 km

Guatemala
400 km

Guernsey
50 km

Guinea
320 km

Guinea-Bissau
350 km

Guyana
459 km

Haiti
1,771 km

Heard Island and McDonald Islands
101.9 km

Holy See (Vatican City)
0 km (landlocked)

Honduras
820 km

Hong Kong
733 km

Howland Island
6.4 km

Hungary
0 km (landlocked)

Iceland
4,988 km

India
7,000 km

Indian Ocean
66,526 km

Indonesia
54,716 km

Iran
2,440 km; note - Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740 km)

Iraq
58 km

Ireland
1,448 km

Israel
273 km

Italy
7,600 km

Jamaica
1,022 km

Jan Mayen
124.1 km

Japan
29,751 km

Jarvis Island
8 km

Jersey
70 km

Johnston Atoll
34 km

Jordan
26 km

Juan de Nova Island
24.1 km

Kazakhstan
0 km (landlocked); note - Kazakhstan borders the Aral
Sea, now split into two bodies of water (1,070 km), and the Caspian
Sea (1,894 km)

Kenya
536 km

Kingman Reef
3 km

Kiribati
1,143 km

Korea, North
2,495 km

Korea, South
2,413 km

Kuwait
499 km

Kyrgyzstan
0 km (landlocked)

Laos
0 km (landlocked)

Latvia
531 km

Lebanon
225 km

Lesotho
0 km (landlocked)

Liberia
579 km

Libya
1,770 km

Liechtenstein
0 km (doubly landlocked)

Lithuania
99 km

Luxembourg
0 km (landlocked)

Macau
41 km

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
0 km (landlocked)

Madagascar
4,828 km

Malawi
0 km (landlocked)

Malaysia
4,675 km (Peninsular Malaysia 2,068 km, East Malaysia 2,607
km)

Maldives
644 km

Mali
0 km (landlocked)

Malta
196.8 km (does not include 56.01 km for the island of Gozo)

Man, Isle of
160 km

Marshall Islands
370.4 km

Martinique
350 km

Mauritania
754 km

Mauritius
177 km

Mayotte
185.2 km

Mexico
9,330 km

Micronesia, Federated States of
6,112 km

Midway Islands
15 km

Moldova
0 km (landlocked)

Monaco
4.1 km

Mongolia
0 km (landlocked)

Montserrat
40 km

Morocco
1,835 km

Mozambique
2,470 km

Namibia
1,572 km

Nauru
30 km

Navassa Island
8 km

Nepal
0 km (landlocked)

Netherlands
451 km

Netherlands Antilles
364 km

New Caledonia
2,254 km

New Zealand
15,134 km

Nicaragua
910 km

Niger
0 km (landlocked)

Nigeria
853 km

Niue
64 km

Norfolk Island
32 km

Northern Mariana Islands
1,482 km

Norway
21,925 km (includes mainland 3,419 km, large islands 2,413
km, long fjords, numerous small islands, and minor indentations
16,093 km)

Oman
2,092 km

Pacific Ocean
135,663 km

Pakistan
1,046 km

Palau
1,519 km

Palmyra Atoll
14.5 km

Panama
2,490 km

Papua New Guinea
5,152 km

Paracel Islands
518 km

Paraguay
0 km (landlocked)

Peru
2,414 km

Philippines
36,289 km

Pitcairn Islands
51 km

Poland
491 km

Portugal
1,793 km

Puerto Rico
501 km

Qatar
563 km

Reunion
207 km

Romania
225 km

Russia
37,653 km

Rwanda
0 km (landlocked)

Saint Helena
60 km

Saint Kitts and Nevis
135 km

Saint Lucia
158 km

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
120 km

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
84 km

Samoa
403 km

San Marino
0 km (landlocked)

Sao Tome and Principe
209 km

Saudi Arabia
2,640 km

Senegal
531 km

Serbia and Montenegro
199 km

Seychelles
491 km

Sierra Leone
402 km

Singapore
193 km

Slovakia
0 km (landlocked)

Slovenia
46.6 km

Solomon Islands
5,313 km

Somalia
3,025 km

South Africa
2,798 km

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
NA km

Southern Ocean
17,968 km

Spain
4,964 km

Spratly Islands
926 km

Sri Lanka
1,340 km

Sudan
853 km

Suriname
386 km

Svalbard
3,587 km

Swaziland
0 km (landlocked)

Sweden
3,218 km

Switzerland
0 km (landlocked)

Syria
193 km

Taiwan
1,566.3 km

Tajikistan
0 km (landlocked)

Tanzania
1,424 km

Thailand
3,219 km

Togo
56 km

Tokelau
101 km

Tonga
419 km

Trinidad and Tobago
362 km

Tromelin Island
3.7 km

Tunisia
1,148 km

Turkey
7,200 km

Turkmenistan
0 km; note - Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea
(1,768 km)

Turks and Caicos Islands
389 km

Tuvalu
24 km

Uganda
0 km (landlocked)

Ukraine
2,782 km

United Arab Emirates
1,318 km

United Kingdom
12,429 km

United States
19,924 km

Uruguay
660 km

Uzbekistan
0 km (doubly landlocked); note - Uzbekistan includes the
southern portion of the Aral Sea with a 420 km shoreline

Vanuatu
2,528 km

Venezuela
2,800 km

Vietnam
3,444 km (excludes islands)

Virgin Islands
188 km

Wake Island
19.3 km

Wallis and Futuna
129 km

West Bank
0 km (landlocked)

Western Sahara
1,110 km

World
356,000 km

Yemen
1,906 km

Zambia
0 km (landlocked)

Zimbabwe
0 km (landlocked)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2061 Imports - partners (%)

Afghanistan
Pakistan 25.1%, South Korea 14.4%, Japan 9.4%, US 9%,
Kenya 5.8%, Germany 5.4% (2002)

Albania
Italy 39.4%, Greece 24.5%, Turkey 6%, Germany 5% (2002)

Algeria
France 31%, Italy 10%, US 8.3%, Germany 6.6%, Spain 5.9%,
Turkey 4.2% (2002)

American Samoa
Australia 41%, New Zealand 23%, South Korea 18% (2002)

Andorra
Spain 48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (2000)

Angola
Portugal 20.2%, US 13.9%, South Africa 12.4%, France 6.7%,
Brazil 5.8%, Belgium 5.3%, Netherlands 4% (2002)

Anguilla
US, Puerto Rico, UK (2000)

Antigua and Barbuda
France 23.4%, Germany 14.2%, US 13.2%, Poland
9.8%, South Korea 8.3%, Singapore 5%, UK 4.4% (2002)

Argentina
Brazil 42%, US 12.8%, Germany 4.4% (2002)

Armenia
US 15.3%, Russia 12.9%, Belgium 12.3%, Iran 10.3%, UAE 6.3%,
Germany 5.5%, Italy 4.9% (2002)

Aruba
US 54.7%, Netherlands 12.7%, UK 5.7% (2002)

Australia
US 18.3%, Japan 12.3%, China 10.1%, Germany 5.7%, UK 4.6%
(2002)

Austria
Germany 42.6%, Italy 6.6%, Hungary 5.1%, Switzerland 4.8%,
Netherlands 4.4% (2002)

Azerbaijan
Russia 17.8%, Turkey 11.9%, Germany 10.7%, France 7%,
Kazakhstan 6.3%, China 6%, UK 5.5%, US 4.5% (2002)

Bahamas, The
US 20.3%, South Korea 20.1%, Germany 11.5%, Norway
11.5%, Japan 10%, Italy 7.2% (2002)

Bahrain
Saudi Arabia 30.1%, US 11.7%, Japan 7.1%, Germany 6.5%, UK
5.6% (2002)

Bangladesh
India 14.6%, China 11.6%, Singapore 11.5%, Japan 7.6%,
Hong Kong 5.4%, South Korea 4.3% (2002)

Barbados
US 41.1%, Trinidad and Tobago 17%, UK 7.3%, Japan 4.2%
(2002)

Belarus
Russia 68.2%, Germany 9.4%, Ukraine 3.2% (2002)

Belgium
Germany 17.2%, Netherlands 15.6%, France 12.8%, UK 7.3%,
Ireland 7%, US 6.4%, Italy 4% (2002)

Belize
US 35.7%, Mexico 10.1%, Netherlands Antilles 6.1%, Japan
5.9%, Cuba 5.7%, UK 5.4% (2002)

Benin
China 30.7%, France 15.7%, UK 4.8%, Italy 4.2% (2002)

Bermuda
Kazakhstan 30.9%, France 24.7%, Italy 10.5%, US 9.7%, South
Korea 8.4%, Mexico 4.3% (2002)

Bhutan
Japan 44.5%, Germany 12.2%, UK 8.5%, Singapore 6%, South
Korea 5%, US 4.2% (2002)

Bolivia
Brazil 22%, Argentina 17.4%, US 15.6%, Chile 7%, Japan 5.5%,
Peru 5.4%, China 4.8% (2002)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia 23.7%, Slovenia 14.8%, Germany 14%,
Italy 13.1%, Hungary 8%, Austria 7.7% (2002)

Botswana
Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 74%, EFTA 17%,
Zimbabwe 4% (2000)

Brazil
US 23.3%, Argentina 12.6%, Germany 8.7%, France 5.2% (2002)

British Virgin Islands
Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US

Brunei
Singapore 30.6%, Japan 21.5%, Malaysia 17.4%, UK 6.1%, Hong
Kong 4% (2002)

Bulgaria
Russia 14.6%, Germany 14.4%, Italy 11.4%, Greece 6.1%,
France 5.7%, Turkey 5% (2002)

Burkina Faso
France 27.7%, Cote d'Ivoire 23%, Togo 4.3% (2002)

Burma
China 27%, Singapore 19.5%, Thailand 12%, Malaysia 9.1%,
Taiwan 6.3%, South Korea 5.3%, Japan 4.3% (2002)

Burundi
Belgium 12.4%, Saudi Arabia 12.3%, Tanzania 9.3%, Kenya
7.7%, France 7.4%, India 4.5% (2002)

Cambodia
Thailand 24.8%, Singapore 16.9%, China 12.1%, Hong Kong
10.9%, South Korea 5.5%, Vietnam 5.2% (2002)

Cameroon
France 28.2%, Nigeria 12.8%, US 8%, Belgium 5.7%, Germany
5.3%, Italy 4.3% (2002)

Canada
US 62.6%, China 4.6%, Japan 4.4% (2002)

Cape Verde
Portugal 49.1%, Netherlands 7.2%, Germany 5.7% (2002)

Cayman Islands
US, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, Netherlands Antilles,
Japan

Central African Republic
France 30%, US 5.2%, Cameroon 4.5%, Germany
4.3% (2002)

Chad
France 31.5%, US 31.4%, Germany 5.5%, Nigeria 4.6% (2002)

Chile
Argentina 18%, US 14.9%, Brazil 9.5%, China 6.5%, Germany 4.3%
(2002)

China
Japan 18.1%, Taiwan 10.5%, South Korea 9.7%, US 9.2%, Germany
5.6% (2002)

Christmas Island
principally Australia

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Australia (1999)

Colombia
US 32.6%, Venezuela 7%, Mexico 5.3%, Japan 5.3%, Brazil
5.2%, Germany 4.2% (2002)

Comoros
France 34.3%, South Africa 12%, Japan 6.1%, Kenya 5.9%, UAE
5.8%, Mauritius 4.9%, Thailand 4.6% (2002)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Belgium 14.6%, South Africa 14.2%,
Nigeria 10.3%, France 9.5%, Germany 7.3%, Netherlands 5.3%, Kenya
5.2% (2002)

Congo, Republic of the
France 22.1%, Italy 8.5%, Belgium 6%, US
5.2%, India 4.1% (2002)

Cook Islands
NZ 61%, Fiji 19%, US 9%, Australia 6%, Japan 2% (2000)

Costa Rica
US 36.7%, Japan 4.4%, Mexico 4.2% (2002)

Cote d'Ivoire
France 22.7%, Nigeria 16.6%, China 7.9%, Italy 4.2%
(2002)

Croatia
Italy 16.8%, Germany 16.4%, Slovenia 7.8%, Russia 6.8%,
Austria 6.7%, France 5.2% (2002)

Cuba
Spain 17.2%, China 12%, Italy 9.1%, France 7.6%, Mexico 7.3%,
Canada 6.2%, US 5.6%, Brazil 4.7% (2002)

Cyprus
Russia 17.9%, Greece 7.4%, Germany 6.7%, France 6.6%, UK
6.6%, Italy 6.6%, South Korea 5.7%, Japan 5.3% (2002)

Czech Republic
Germany 39.1%, Slovakia 6%, Austria 5.6%, Italy 5.4%,
France 5.3%, Poland 4.1%, UK 4.1%, Russia 4% (2002)

Denmark
Germany 22.9%, Sweden 10.7%, UK 8.7%, Netherlands 7.8%,
France 6%, Norway 4.9%, Italy 4.4% (2002)

Djibouti
Saudi Arabia 18.2%, Ethiopia 10.5%, US 9.2%, France 8.6%,
China 8.2%, Netherlands 4.1% (2002)

Dominica
China 23.9%, US 23.7%, Trinidad and Tobago 11.9%, South
Korea 7.6%, UK 7.3%, Japan 4.5% (2002)

Dominican Republic
US 51.5%, Venezuela 9.6%, Mexico 5.1%, Spain 4%
(2002)

East Timor
NA

Ecuador
US 28.6%, Colombia 14.4%, Japan 6%, Chile 4.5%, Brazil 4.1%
(2002)

Egypt
US 16.9%, Germany 7.9%, Italy 6.7%, France 6.5%, China 5%, UK
4.1% (2002)

El Salvador
US 39%, Guatemala 10.1%, Mexico 7.2%, France 4% (2002)

Equatorial Guinea
US 29.1%, Spain 15.9%, UK 14.8%, France 10.4%,
Norway 7.2%, Netherlands 4.8%, Italy 4.7% (2002)

Eritrea
Italy 27.1%, US 15.7%, Germany 7.2%, Ukraine 5.8%, Turkey
5.5%, France 4.5%, Netherlands 4% (2002)

Estonia
Russia 26.6%, Finland 18.9%, Germany 9.2%, Sweden 8.2% (2002)

Ethiopia
Saudi Arabia 28.7%, China 6%, Italy 5.9%, India 4.8%,
Germany 4.1% (2002)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7%
(2002)

Faroe Islands
Denmark 53.8%, Norway 24.2%, Iceland 5.7% (2002)

Fiji
Australia 37.3%, New Zealand 17.2%, Singapore 16.1%, Japan
4.2%, China 4% (2002)

Finland
Germany 14.5%, Sweden 10.9%, Russia 9.9%, UK 5.7%, France
4.3%, Denmark 4.2% (2002)

France
Germany 19.4%, Belgium 9.2%, Italy 8.8%, UK 7.3%, Netherlands
7%, US 6.8%, Spain 6.7% (2002)

French Guiana
France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2002)

French Polynesia
France 58.9%, Australia 12.2%, New Zealand 6.9%, US
6.6% (2002)

Gabon
France 50.7%, US 6.3%, Netherlands 3.6% (2002)

Gambia, The
China 21.8%, Senegal 8.9%, Brazil 7.8%, UK 6.5%,
Netherlands 5.4%, India 4.9%, Belgium 4.5%, Hong Kong 4.1% (2002)

Gaza Strip
Israel, Egypt, West Bank

Georgia
Turkey 15.6%, Azerbaijan 11.2%, US 9.9%, Russia 9.1%,
Germany 7.2%, Italy 5.1%, Bulgaria 4.9%, Romania 4.3%, France 4.2%,
Ukraine 4.1% (2002)

Germany
France 9.5%, Netherlands 8.2%, US 7.7%, UK 6.5%, Italy 6.4%,
Belgium 5.2%, Austria 4%, China 4% (2002)

Ghana
Nigeria 21.3%, UK 7.2%, US 6.6%, China 6.2%, Italy 6.1%, Cote
d'Ivoire 6.1%, Germany 4.7%, Netherlands 4% (2002)

Gibraltar
Germany 27.3%, Spain 21.8%, UK 12.1%, Italy 8% (2002)

Greece
Germany 12.2%, Italy 11.5%, Russia 7.4%, South Korea 6%,
France 5.7%, Netherlands 5.6%, US 4.7%, Belgium 4.3%, UK 4.1% (2002)

Greenland
Denmark 74.6%, Norway 14.2%, Russia 2.3% (2002)

Grenada
US 30.7%, Trinidad and Tobago 27.3%, UK 4.4% (2002)

Guadeloupe
France 63%, Germany 4%, US 3%, Japan 2%, Netherlands
Antilles 2% (1999)

Guam
Singapore 40.5%, South Korea 21.7%, Japan 21.6%, Hong Kong 4.9%
(2002)

Guatemala
US 33.2%, Mexico 9.9%, South Korea 8.2%, El Salvador 5.7%,
China 4% (2002)

Guernsey
UK (regarded as internal trade)

Guinea
France 18.7%, Cote d'Ivoire 11%, Italy 8.9%, US 8.2%, Belgium
7.6%, China 5.6%, UK 5.2% (2002)

Guinea-Bissau
Senegal 19.6%, Portugal 19.1%, India 15.3%, Taiwan
5.1% (2002)

Guyana
US 23.7%, Netherlands Antilles 20.2%, Trinidad and Tobago
15.2%, Italy 6.3%, UK 5.1%, Cuba 4.2% (2002)

Haiti
US 53.4%, Dominican Republic 5.3%, Colombia 3.4% (2002)

Honduras
US 55.3%, El Salvador 4.3%, Mexico 4.2% (2002)

Hong Kong
China 37.5%, Japan 12.2%, Taiwan 7.3%, US 6.2%, Singapore
5.3%, South Korea 5% (2002)

Hungary
Germany 25.3%, Austria 7.7%, Italy 7.5%, Russia 6%, China
5%, France 5% (2002)

Iceland
US 10.9%, Germany 10.7%, Denmark 8.5%, Norway 8%, UK 7.5%,
Netherlands 6%, Sweden 5.9% (2002)

India
US 7.1%, Belgium 6.7%, China 4.6%, Singapore 4.6%, UK 4.6%
(2002)

Indonesia
Japan 14.1%, Singapore 13.1%, US 8.5%, China 7.8%, South
Korea 5.3%, Taiwan 5.1%, Australia 5.1% (2002)

Iran
Germany 10.9%, Italy 9%, France 7.9%, China 7.4%, South Korea
6.5%, UAE 4.4%, Japan 4.1%, Russia 4% (2002)

Iraq
Jordan 11%, France 8.8%, China 8.4%, Germany 7.6%, Russia 7.3%,
Australia 7.2%, Vietnam 6.6%, Italy 6.4%, Japan 5.6% (2002)

Ireland
UK 41.1%, US 15.3%, Germany 6.8% (2002)

Israel
US 21.6%, Belgium 8.9%, Germany 6.7%, UK 6.6%, Switzerland
4.9%, Italy 4.5% (2002)

Italy
Germany 17.8%, France 11.3%, Netherlands 5.9%, UK 5%, US 4.9%,
Spain 4.6%, Belgium 4.4% (2002)

Jamaica
US 45%, Trinidad and Tobago 11%, Japan 4.7% (2002)

Japan
China 18.3%, US 17.4%, South Korea 4.6%, Indonesia 4.2%,
Australia 4.1% (2002)

Jersey
UK

Jordan
Iraq 13.4%, Germany 8.8%, US 8%, China 6%, France 4.2%, UK
4.1%, Italy 4.1% (2002)

Kazakhstan
Russia 37.1%, US 9.3%, China 9.3%, Germany 9.1% (2002)

Kenya
UAE 12%, Saudi Arabia 8.7%, US 8.1%, UK 7.1%, South Africa
7.1%, France 5.8%, China 5.5%, Japan 5%, India 4.8% (2002)

Kiribati
France 28.7%, Australia 26.3%, Fiji 12.5%, Japan 9.5%,
Latvia 5.4%, US 4.6%, New Zealand 4% (2002)

Korea, North
China 24.9%, Brazil 12.1%, India 9.2%, Thailand 9.2%,
Germany 7.8%, Japan 7.1%, Singapore 4.5%, Qatar 4% (2002)

Korea, South
Japan 19.6%, US 15.2%, China 11.4%, Saudi Arabia 5%
(2002)

Kuwait
US 13.1%, Japan 11.1%, Germany 9.7%, Saudi Arabia 6.6%, UK
6%, Italy 5.4%, France 5.2% (2002)

Kyrgyzstan
Kazakhstan 21.1%, Russia 19.9%, Uzbekistan 10.2%, China
10.1%, US 8.1%, Germany 5.3% (2002)

Laos
Thailand 58.9%, Vietnam 12.3%, China 7.9% (2002)

Latvia
Germany 17.9%, Russia 15.1%, Finland 6.6%, Lithuania 6.4%,
Sweden 5.5%, Italy 4.8%, Estonia 4.8% (2002)

Lebanon
Italy 11.3%, France 10.7%, Germany 8.4%, US 5.6%, Syria
5.4%, China 4.8%, Belgium 4.5%, UK 4.2% (2002)

Lesotho
Hong Kong 51.9%, China 25%, France 3.9% (2002)

Liberia
South Korea 30.3%, Japan 19.1%, Germany 15.6%, France 9.1%,
Singapore 7.9% (2002)

Libya
Italy 25.6%, Germany 9.8%, South Korea 6.6%, UK 6.6%, Tunisia
6.5%, Japan 6.4%, France 5.7% (2002)

Liechtenstein
EU, Switzerland

Lithuania
Russia 24.1%, Germany 20.3%, Italy 5.9%, Poland 4.3% (2002)

Luxembourg
Belgium 29.7%, Germany 23%, France 13.2%, Taiwan 6.7%,
Netherlands 4.6% (2002)

Macau
China 41.7%, Hong Kong 14.5%, Japan 6.7%, Taiwan 6.6%, South
Korea 5%, France 4.3%, US 4.1% (2002)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Greece 19.4%, Germany
14.4%, Bulgaria 7.5%, Slovenia 6.9%, Italy 6.9%, Turkey 5.9%,
Ukraine 5%, Austria 4.1% (2002)

Madagascar
France 17.2%, Iran 11%, Mauritius 10.6%, Bahrain 9.4%,
Hong Kong 6.9%, South Africa 5.9%, China 4.1% (2002)

Malawi
South Africa 44.4%, Zambia 12.7%, US 5.6%, India 4.2% (2002)

Malaysia
Japan 16.9%, Singapore 15.9%, US 15.5%, China 7.3%, South
Korea 5%, Taiwan 4.7% (2002)

Maldives
Singapore 25.6%, Sri Lanka 15%, UAE 14.5%, India 6.6%,
Malaysia 5.7%, Thailand 4% (2002)

Mali
Cote d'Ivoire 17.1%, France 13.5%, Senegal 6.5%, Germany 4%
(2002)

Malta
Italy 18.3%, France 12.1%, South Korea 11.3%, UK 7.5%,
Singapore 5.3%, Germany 5.2%, Japan 5%, US 4.6%, Spain 4.2% (2002)

Man, Isle of
UK (2000)

Marshall Islands
US, Japan, Australia, NZ, Singapore, Fiji, China,
Philippines (2000)

Martinique
France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3%
(2000)

Mauritania
France 18.5%, Belgium 7.8%, China 7%, Spain 5.9%, Germany
5.2% (2002)

Mauritius
France 18.4%, South Africa 13.5%, India 7.8%, China 4.5%,
UK 4.2% (2002)

Mayotte
France 66%, Africa 14%, Southeast Asia 11% (2000 est.)

Mexico
US 70.6%, Germany 3.5%, Japan 2.7% (2002)

Micronesia, Federated States of
US, Australia, Japan (2000)

Moldova
Russia 23.9%, Ukraine 13.4%, Germany 12.6%, Italy 8.3%,
Romania 8.2% (2002)

Mongolia
Russia 32%, China 19.4%, South Korea 12.1%, US 9.1%,
Germany 4.7%, Japan 4.3% (2002)

Montserrat
US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada

Morocco
France 20.9%, Spain 12.6%, Italy 6.3%, Germany 5.5%, US
4.6%, UK 4.1%, Saudi Arabia 4.1% (2002)

Mozambique
South Africa 27.5%, France 8.9%, US 7%, Australia 6.9%,
Japan 6%, Malaysia 4% (2002)

Namibia
US 50%, EU 31% (2001)

Nauru
Australia 59.3%, US 10.1%, Ireland 7.6%, Malaysia 6% (2002)

Nepal
India 21.2%, China 13%, UAE 11.1%, Singapore 8.5%, Hong Kong
5.9%, Saudi Arabia 4.9%, Kuwait 4.1% (2002)

Netherlands
Germany 17.8%, Belgium 9.7%, US 9.1%, UK 6.9%, France
5.5%, China 5.1%, Japan 4% (2002)

Netherlands Antilles
Venezuela 60.8%, Mexico 11.7%, US 9.7% (2002)

New Caledonia
France 52.8%, Australia 12.7%, Singapore 9.8% (2002)

New Zealand
Australia 22.1%, US 13.6%, Japan 12%, China 8%, Germany
5.2% (2002)

Nicaragua
US 23.7%, Costa Rica 10.3%, Venezuela 10.1%, Guatemala
7.8%, Mexico 6.7%, El Salvador 6%, South Korea 4.6% (2002)

Niger
France 16.8%, Cote d'Ivoire 14.9%, China 9.8%, Nigeria 7.4%,
US 5.2%, Japan 4.6%, India 4.4% (2002)

Nigeria
UK 9.6%, US 9.4%, China 9.3%, France 8.7%, Germany 6.8%,
South Korea 6.1%, Netherlands 5.2%, Italy 4.7% (2002)

Niue
NZ mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000)

Norfolk Island
Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia,
Europe

Northern Mariana Islands
US, Japan (2000)

Norway
Sweden 17.7%, Germany 13.4%, UK 7.8%, Denmark 7.7%, US 5.7%,
Netherlands 5.3%, France 4.2%, Italy 4% (2002)

Oman
UAE 27.5%, Japan 16.7%, UK 7.4%, US 6.9%, Germany 5% (2002)

Pakistan
UAE 11.7%, Saudi Arabia 11.7%, Kuwait 6.7%, US 6.4%, China
6.2%, Japan 6%, Malaysia 4.5%, Germany 4.4% (2002)

Palau
US, Guam, Japan, Singapore, Korea (2000)

Panama
US 34.3%, Colombia 5.9%, Japan 5.4%, Costa Rica 4.2%,
Venezuela 4.2% (2002)

Papua New Guinea
Australia 49.3%, Singapore 18.8%, New Zealand 4.4%,
Japan 4.2% (2002)

Paraguay
Brazil 32.7%, Argentina 22.7%, US 18.1%, Hong Kong 4.7%
(2002)

Peru
US 26.1%, Chile 7.9%, Spain 5.1%, Colombia 5%, Brazil 4.7%,
Venezuela 4.7%, Argentina 4.3% (2002)

Philippines
Japan 21.6%, US 18.6%, Singapore 7.8%, South Korea 7.5%,
China 5.2%, Hong Kong 4.5%, Taiwan 4.1% (2002)

Pitcairn Islands
NA (2000)

Poland
Germany 29.9%, Italy 8.1%, Russia 7.4%, France 7.2%,
Netherlands 5.3% (2002)

Portugal
Spain 28.1%, Germany 15%, France 10.2%, Italy 6.5%, UK
5.2%, Netherlands 4.5% (2002)

Puerto Rico
US 53.5%, Ireland 16.3%, Japan 4.5% (2001)

Qatar
France 17.8%, Japan 10.1%, US 8.5%, UK 8.3%, Germany 8%, Italy
6.7%, UAE 5.1%, Saudi Arabia 4.1%, South Korea 4% (2002)

Reunion
France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2000)

Romania
Italy 20.2%, Germany 18.1%, France 6.6%, Russia 5.6%,
Austria 4.9%, Hungary 4.1% (2002)

Russia
Germany 14.3%, Belarus 8.9%, Ukraine 7.1%, US 6.4%, China
5.2%, Italy 4.8%, Kazakhstan 4.3%, France 4.1% (2002)

Rwanda
Kenya 21.8%, Germany 8.4%, Belgium 7.9%, Israel 4.3% (2002)

Saint Helena
UK 47.6%, Tanzania 14.6%, Italy 12.1%, South Africa
10.9%, US 5.3% (2002)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
US 41.6%, Trinidad and Tobago 16.2%, Canada
9.8%, UK 6.9%, Japan 4% (2002)

Saint Lucia
Brazil 41.7%, US 21.4%, Trinidad and Tobago 11.9% (2002)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Zambia 61.5%, France 21.8%, Canada 13%
(2002)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
France 32.7%, US 11.3%, Trinidad
and Tobago 10.4%, Singapore 10.1%, Spain 7.9%, Greece 4.3% (2002)

Samoa
New Zealand 23.3%, Fiji 20.2%, Australia 15.7%, Japan 13.1%,
Taiwan 6.4%, US 4.2% (2002)

Sao Tome and Principe
Portugal 51.4%, Germany 10.1%, UK 7.6%,
Belgium 6.3% (2002)

Saudi Arabia
US 11.2%, Japan 8.8%, Germany 7.6%, UK 4.9%, France
4.9%, Italy 4.1% (2002)

Senegal
France 25.6%, Nigeria 8.7%, Thailand 7.2%, US 5.4%, Germany
5.4%, Italy 4.5%, Spain 4% (2002)

Serbia and Montenegro
Germany 19.4%, Italy 18%, Austria 8.5%,
Slovenia 5.6%, Greece 4.4%, France 4.3%, Bulgaria 4.2%, Romania 4.1%
(2002)

Seychelles
Saudi Arabia 15.6%, France 12.8%, Spain 9.9%, Italy 9.7%,
South Africa 8.4%, Singapore 7.3%, UK 6.1%, Taiwan 4.2% (2002)

Sierra Leone
Germany 25%, UK 10.9%, Netherlands 7.5%, US 5.7%, Cote
d'Ivoire 4.9%, Italy 4.3% (2002)

Singapore
Malaysia 18.2%, US 14.3%, Japan 12.5%, China 7.6%,
Thailand 4.6%, Taiwan 4.6% (2002)

Slovakia
Germany 24.8%, Czech Republic 16%, Russia 13.5%, Austria
7%, Italy 6.4%, France 4% (2002)

Slovenia
Germany 20%, Italy 19%, Austria 11.3%, France 10.5% (2002)

Solomon Islands
Australia 31.3%, Singapore 19.7%, New Zealand 5.1%,
Fiji 4.6%, Papua New Guinea 4.5% (2002)

Somalia
Djibouti 29.8%, Kenya 13.6%, Brazil 10.5%, Thailand 4.7%, UK
4.4%, UAE 4.3% (2002)

South Africa
Germany 15.4%, US 9.4%, UK 9%, Saudi Arabia 6.9%, Japan
5.8%, France 5%, China 4.9%, Iran 4.1% (2002)

Spain
France 17%, Germany 16.5%, Italy 8.6%, UK 6.4%, Netherlands
4.8% (2002)

Sri Lanka
India 11%, Hong Kong 7.6%, Singapore 7.1%, China 6.3%,
Taiwan 5.9%, South Korea 5.7%, Japan 5.3%, Iran 4.2% (2002)

Sudan
China 19.7%, Saudi Arabia 7.4%, Germany 5.5%, India 5.5%, UK
5.4%, Indonesia 4.7%, Australia 4% (2002)

Suriname
US 22.2%, Netherlands 15.6%, China 11.9%, Trinidad and
Tobago 11.2%, France 7.5%, Netherlands Antilles 7.2%, Japan 5.7%
(2002)

Swaziland
South Africa 88.8%, EU 5.6%, Japan 0.6%, Singapore 0.4%
(1999)

Sweden
Germany 18.5%, Denmark 8.8%, UK 8.6%, Norway 8.2%,
Netherlands 6.7%, France 5.4%, Finland 5.2%, US 5% (2002)

Switzerland
Germany 27.4%, France 11.4%, Italy 9.7%, US 8.5%, Russia
5.8%, UK 5.4%, Austria 4.6%, Netherlands 4.1% (2002)

Syria
Italy 8.3%, Germany 7.4%, China 5.7%, South Korea 4.8%, France
4.6%, US 4.4%, Turkey 4.1% (2002)

Taiwan
Japan 24.3%, US 16.1%, China 7.1%, South Korea 6.9% (2002)

Tajikistan
Russia 22.7%, Uzbekistan 18.4%, Ukraine 11.2%, Kazakhstan
10%, Turkmenistan 6.5%, Azerbaijan 5.7%, India 4.4% (2002)

Tanzania
South Africa 12.7%, China 7.9%, Kenya 6.6%, India 6.3%, UK
6%, Japan 4.5%, US 4%, Australia 4% (2002)

Thailand
Japan 23%, US 9.6%, China 7.6%, Malaysia 5.6%, Singapore
4.5%, Taiwan 4.4% (2002)

Togo
France 21.3%, China 17%, Netherlands 6.5%, Germany 5.3%, UK
4.8%, Italy 4.4% (2002)

Tokelau
NZ (2000)

Tonga
New Zealand 30.8%, Fiji 20.7%, US 14.2%, Australia 13.2%,
China 6.1% (2002)

Trinidad and Tobago
US 42%, Cote d'Ivoire 5.5%, UK 5%, Japan 4.5%,
Brazil 4.3% (2002)

Tunisia
France 25.6%, Italy 19.5%, Germany 8.9%, Spain 5% (2002)

Turkey
Germany 13.7%, Italy 8.1%, Russia 7.6%, US 6%, France 5.9%,
UK 4.8%, Switzerland 4.1% (2002)

Turkmenistan
Russia 19.8%, Turkey 12.8%, Ukraine 11.7%, UAE 10%, US
7.5%, China 6%, Germany 5.7%, Iran 4.4% (2002)

Turks and Caicos Islands
US, UK

Tuvalu
Hungary 68.2%, Japan 12.9%, Fiji 11.9% (2002)

Uganda
Kenya 45.3%, South Africa 6.8%, India 5.7%, UK 5.5% (2002)

Ukraine
Russia 32.3%, Germany 11.7%, Turkmenistan 7.4%, Poland 6%,
Italy 4% (2002)

United Arab Emirates
US 8.1%, China 7.8%, Japan 6.6%, Germany 6.5%,
India 5.7%, France 5.6%, UK 5.4%, South Korea 5.1%, Iran 4.2% (2002)

United Kingdom
Germany 12.9%, US 11.9%, France 7.8%, Netherlands
6.3%, Belgium 5%, Italy 4.4% (2002)

United States
Canada 17.8%, Mexico 11.3%, China 11.1%, Japan 10.4%,
Germany 5.3% (2002)

Uruguay
Argentina 25.6%, Brazil 22.7%, US 7.7%, Venezuela 6.2% (2002)

Uzbekistan
Russia 22.6%, Germany 9.8%, South Korea 9.4%, Kazakhstan
8.1%, US 6.9%, Ukraine 6.8%, China 5.2%, Turkey 4.6% (2002)

Vanuatu
Australia 22.1%, Japan 19.2%, New Zealand 10.1%, Singapore
8.1%, Fiji 6.6%, Taiwan 5%, India 5% (2002)

Venezuela
US 27.5%, Colombia 6.9%, Brazil 5.7%, Mexico 4.4% (2002)

Vietnam
South Korea 12.7%, China 12.2%, Japan 12.1%, Singapore
11.8%, Taiwan 10.6%, Thailand 5.4% (2002)

Virgin Islands
US, Puerto Rico

Wallis and Futuna
France 97%, Australia 2%, New Zealand 1%

West Bank
Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2000)

Western Sahara
Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so
trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts (2000)

World
US 11.2%, Germany 9.2%, China 7%, Japan 6.8%, France 4.7%, UK
4% (2002)

Yemen
US 10.4%, Saudi Arabia 9.5%, China 8.7%, UAE 6.9%, Russia
5.8%, France 4.7% (2002)

Zambia
South Africa 64.4%, US 3.7%, China 3.6% (2002)

Zimbabwe
South Africa 47.7%, Congo, Democratic Republic of the 5.7%,
Mozambique 5.3% (2002)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2062 Economic aid - donor

Australia
ODA, $894 million (FY 99/00)

Austria
ODA, $410 million (2000)

Belgium
ODA, $764 million (1997)

Canada
ODA, $1.3 billion (1999)

Denmark
ODA, $1.63 billion (1999)

Finland
ODA, $379 million (2001)

France
ODA, $6.3 billion (1997)

Germany
ODA, $5.6 billion (1998)

Iceland
$NA

Ireland
ODA, $283 million (2001)

Italy
ODA, $1 billion (2002 est.)

Japan
ODA, $9.1 billion (1999)

Korea, South
ODA $200 million

Lesotho
ODA $4.4 million

Luxembourg
ODA, $160 million (1999)

Netherlands
ODA, $3.5 billion (2000 est.)

New Zealand
ODA, $99.7 million

Norway
ODA, $1.4 billion (1998)

Portugal
ODA, $271 million (1995)

Saudi Arabia
pledged $100 million in 1993 to fund reconstruction of
Lebanon; since 2000, Saudi Arabia has committed $307 million for
assistance to the Palestinians; pledged $240 million to development
in Afghanistan

Spain
ODA, $1.33 billion (1999)

Sweden
ODA, $1.7 billion (1997)

Switzerland
ODA, $1.1 billion (1995)

United Arab Emirates
$NA

United Kingdom
ODA, $4.5 billion (2000)

United States
ODA, $6.9 billion (1997)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

@2063 Constitution

Afghanistan
the Bonn Agreement called for a Loya Jirga (Grand
Council) to be convened within 18 months of the establishment of the
Transitional Authority to draft a new constitution for the country;
the basis for the next constitution is the 1964 Constitution,
according to the Bonn Agreement

Albania
a constitution was adopted by popular referendum on 28
November 1998; note - the opposition Democratic Party boycotted the
vote

Algeria
19 November 1976, effective 22 November 1976; revised 3
November 1988, 23 February 1989, and 28 November 1996

American Samoa
ratified 1966, in effect 1967

Andorra
Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991;
approved by referendum 14 March 1993; came into force 4 May 1993

Angola
11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, 6
March 1991, and 26 August 1992

Anguilla
Anguilla Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990

Antigua and Barbuda
1 November 1981

Argentina
1 May 1853; revised August 1994

Armenia
adopted by nationwide referendum 5 July 1995

Aruba
1 January 1986

Australia
9 July 1900, effective 1 January 1901

Austria
1920; revised 1929 (reinstated 1 May 1945)

Azerbaijan
adopted 12 November 1995

Bahamas, The
10 July 1973

Bahrain
adopted late December 2000; Bahrani voters approved on 13-14
February 2001 a referendum on legislative changes (revised
constitution calls for a partially elected legislature, a
constitutional monarchy, and an independent judiciary)

Bangladesh
4 November 1972, effective 16 December 1972, suspended
following coup of 24 March 1982, restored 10 November 1986, amended
many times

Barbados
30 November 1966

Belarus
30 March 1994; revised by national referendum of 24 November
1996 giving the presidency greatly expanded powers and became
effective 27 November 1996

Belgium
7 February 1831, last revised 14 July 1993; parliament
approved a constitutional package creating a federal state

Belize
21 September 1981

Benin
December 1990

Bermuda
8 June 1968, amended 1989

Bhutan
no written constitution or bill of rights; note - the King
commissioned a committee to draft a constitution in 2001, but has
yet to be approved

Bolivia
2 February 1967; revised in August 1994

Bosnia and Herzegovina
the Dayton Agreement, signed 14 December
1995, included a new constitution now in force; note - each of the
entities also has its own constitution

Botswana
March 1965, effective 30 September 1966

Brazil
5 October 1988

British Virgin Islands
1 June 1977

Brunei
29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of
Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1
January 1984)

Bulgaria
adopted 12 July 1991

Burkina Faso
2 June 1991 approved by referendum; 11 June 1991
formally adopted

Burma
3 January 1974 (suspended since 18 September 1988); national
convention started on 9 January 1993 to draft a new constitution;
progress has since been stalled

Burundi
13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural
political system; supplanted on 6 June 1998 by a Transitional
Constitution which enlarged the National Assembly and created two
vice presidents

Cambodia
promulgated 21 September 1993

Cameroon
20 May 1972 approved by referendum; 2 June 1972 formally
adopted; revised January 1996

Canada
17 April 1982 (Constitution Act); originally, the machinery
of the government was set up in the British North America Act of
1867; charter of rights and unwritten customs

Cape Verde
new constitution came into force 25 September 1992;
underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially
increasing the powers of the president, and a further revision in
1999, to create the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de
Justica)

Cayman Islands
1959, revised 1972 and 1992

Central African Republic passed by referendum 29 December 1994; adopted 7 January 1995

Chad
passed by referendum 31 March 1996

Chile
11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981, amended 30 July
1989, 1993, and 1997

China
most recent promulgation 4 December 1982

Christmas Island
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955

Colombia
5 July 1991

Comoros
23 December 2001
note: a Transitional National Unity Government (GUNT) was formed on
20 January 2002 following the passing of the new constitution; the
GUNT governed until the presidential elections on 14 April 2002

Congo, Democratic Republic of the 24 June 1967, amended August 1974, revised 15 February 1978, amended April 1990; transitional constitution promulgated in April 1994; in November 1998, a draft constitution was approved by former President Laurent KABILA but it was not ratified by a national referendum; one outcome of the ongoing inter-Congolese dialogue is to be a new constitution

Congo, Republic of the constitution approved by referendum 20 January 2002

Cook Islands
4 August 1965

Costa Rica
7 November 1949

Cote d'Ivoire
3 November 1960; has been amended numerous times, last
time 27 July 1998

Croatia
adopted on 22 December 1990

Cuba
24 February 1976, amended July 1992 and June 2002

Cyprus
16 August 1960; negotiations to create the basis for a new or
revised constitution to govern the island and to better relations
between Greek and Turkish Cypriots have been held intermittently; in
1975 Turkish Cypriots created their own constitution and governing
bodies within the "Turkish Federated State of Cyprus," which was
renamed the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" in 1983; a new
constitution for the Turkish Cypriot area passed by referendum on 5
May 1985

Czech Republic
ratified 16 December 1992; effective 1 January 1993

Denmark
1849 was the original constitution; there was a major
overhaul 5 June 1953, allowing for a unicameral legislature and a
female chief of state

Djibouti
multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September
1992

Dominica
3 November 1978

Dominican Republic
28 November 1966

East Timor
22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model)

Ecuador
10 August 1998

Egypt
11 September 1971

El Salvador
23 December 1983

Equatorial Guinea
approved by national referendum 17 November 1991;
amended January 1995

Eritrea
the transitional constitution, decreed on 19 May 1993, was
replaced by a new constitution adopted on 23 May 1997, but not yet
implemented

Estonia
adopted 28 June 1992

Ethiopia
ratified December 1994; effective 22 August 1995

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998

Faroe Islands
5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)

Fiji
promulgated on 25 July 1990 and amended on 25 July 1997 to
allow nonethnic Fijians greater say in government and to make
multiparty government mandatory; entered into force 28 July 1998;
note - the May 1999 election was the first test of the amended
constitution and introduced open voting - not racially prescribed -
for the first time at the national level

Finland
1 March 2000

France
28 September 1958, amended concerning election of president
in 1962, amended to comply with provisions of 1992 EC Maastricht
Treaty, 1996 Amsterdam Treaty, 2000 Treaty of Nice; amended to
tighten immigration laws 1993

French Guiana
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)

French Polynesia
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)

Gabon
adopted 14 March 1991

Gambia, The
24 April 1970; suspended July 1994; rewritten and
approved by national referendum 8 August 1996; reestablished in
January 1997

Georgia
adopted 17 October 1995

Germany
23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the
united German people 3 October 1990

Ghana
approved 28 April 1992

Gibraltar
30 May 1969

Greece
11 June 1975; amended March 1986 and April 2001

Greenland
5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)

Grenada
19 December 1973

Guadeloupe
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)

Guam
Organic Act of 1 August 1950

Guatemala
31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986; note - suspended
25 May 1993 by former President SERRANO; reinstated 5 June 1993
following ouster of president; amended November 1993

Guernsey
unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice

Guinea
23 December 1990 (Loi Fundamentale)

Guinea-Bissau
16 May 1984, amended 4 May 1991, 4 December 1991, 26
February 1993, 9 June 1993, and 1996

Guyana
6 October 1980

Haiti
approved March 1987; suspended June 1988, with most articles
reinstated March 1989; in October 1991, government claimed to be
observing the constitution; return to constitutional rule, October
1994

Holy See (Vatican City)
Apostolic Constitution of 1967 (effective 1
March 1968)

Honduras
11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982; amended 1995

Hong Kong
Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National
People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution"

Hungary
18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949, revised 19 April
1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals
and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and
also established the principle of parliamentary oversight; 1997
amendment streamlined the judicial system

Iceland
16 June 1944, effective 17 June 1944

India
26 January 1950

Indonesia
August 1945, abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and
Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959

Iran
2-3 December 1979; revised 1989 to expand powers of the
presidency and eliminate the prime ministership

Iraq
in transition following April 2003 defeat of SADDAM Husayn
regime by US-led coalition

Ireland
29 December 1937; adopted 1 July 1937 by plebiscite

Israel
no formal constitution; some of the functions of a
constitution are filled by the Declaration of Establishment (1948),
the Basic Laws of the parliament (Knesset), and the Israeli
citizenship law

Italy
1 January 1948

Jamaica
6 August 1962

Japan
3 May 1947

Jersey
unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice

Jordan
8 January 1952

Kazakhstan
adopted by national referendum 30 August 1995; first
post-independence constitution was adopted 28 January 1993

Kenya
12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with
amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1997, and 2001

Kiribati
12 July 1979

Korea, North
adopted 1948, completely revised 27 December 1972,
revised again in April 1992 and September 1998

Korea, South
17 July 1948

Kuwait
approved and promulgated 11 November 1962

Kyrgyzstan
adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by
President AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 2 February
2003 significantly expands the powers of the president at the
expense of the legislature

Laos
promulgated 14 August 1991

Latvia
the 1991 Constitutional Law, which supplements the 1922
constitution, provides for basic rights and freedoms

Lebanon
23 May 1926, amended a number of times, most recently
Charter of Lebanese National Reconciliation (Ta'if Accord) of
October 1989

Lesotho
2 April 1993

Liberia
6 January 1986

Libya
11 December 1969, amended 2 March 1977

Liechtenstein
5 October 1921

Lithuania
adopted 25 October 1992

Luxembourg
17 October 1868, occasional revisions

Macau
Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's
Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991 note: in November of 2001, the Macedonian Parliament approved a series of new constitutional amendments strengthening minority rights

Madagascar
19 August 1992 by national referendum

Malawi
18 May 1994

Malaysia
31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963

Maldives
adopted January 1998

Mali
adopted 12 January 1992

Malta
1964 constitution substantially amended on 13 December 1974
and again in 1987

Man, Isle of
unwritten; note - The Isle of Man Constitution Act,
1961, does not embody the Manx Constitution

Marshall Islands
1 May 1979

Martinique
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)

Mauritania
12 July 1991

Mauritius
12 March 1968; amended 12 March 1992

Mayotte
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)

Mexico
5 February 1917

Micronesia, Federated States of
10 May 1979

Moldova
new constitution adopted 28 July 1994; replaces old Soviet
constitution of 1979

Monaco
17 December 1962

Mongolia
12 February 1992

Montserrat
present constitution came into force 19 December 1989

Morocco
10 March 1972, revised 4 September 1992, amended (to create
bicameral legislature) September 1996

Mozambique
30 November 1990

Namibia
ratified 9 February 1990; effective 12 March 1990

Nauru
29 January 1968

Nepal
9 November 1990

Netherlands
adopted 1814; amended many times, last time 17 February
1983

Netherlands Antilles
29 December 1954, Statute of the Realm of the
Netherlands, as amended

New Caledonia
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)

New Zealand
consists of a series of legal documents, including
certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments and The
Constitution Act 1986 which is the principal formal charter

Nicaragua
9 January 1987, with reforms in 1995 and 2000

Niger
the constitution of January 1993 was revised by national
referendum on 12 May 1996 and again by referendum on 18 July 1999

Nigeria
new constitution adopted May 1999

Niue
19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)

Norfolk Island
Norfolk Island Act of 1979

Northern Mariana Islands
Covenant Agreement effective 4 November
1986 and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern
Mariana Islands effective 1 January 1978

Norway
17 May 1814, modified in 1884

Oman
none; note - on 6 November 1996, Sultan QABOOS issued a royal
decree promulgating a new basic law which, among other things,
clarifies the royal succession, provides for a prime minister, bars
ministers from holding interests in companies doing business with
the government, establishes a bicameral legislature, and guarantees
basic civil liberties for Omani citizens

Pakistan
10 April 1973, suspended 5 July 1977, restored with
amendments 30 December 1985; suspended 15 October 1999, restored on
31 December 2002
note: selected provisions of the Constitution pertaining to changes
President MUSHARRAF made while the Constitution was suspended,
remain contested by political opponents

Palau
1 January 1981

Panama
11 October 1972; major reforms adopted 1978, 1983 and 1994

Papua New Guinea
16 September 1975

Paraguay
promulgated 20 June 1992

Peru
31 December 1993

Philippines
2 February 1987, effective 11 February 1987

Pitcairn Islands
1838; reformed 1904 with additional reforms in
1940; further refined by the Local Government Ordinance of 1964

Poland
16 October 1997; adopted by the National Assembly 2 April
1997; passed by national referendum 23 May 1997

Portugal
25 April 1976, revised 30 October 1982, 1 June 1989, 5
November 1992, and 3 September 1997

Puerto Rico
ratified 3 March 1952; approved by US Congress 3 July
1952; effective 25 July 1952

Qatar
provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999
Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent
constitution; in the 29 April 2003 referendum, 96.6% of Qatari
voters approved the new constitution

Reunion
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)

Romania
8 December 1991

Russia
adopted 12 December 1993

Rwanda
on 5 May 1995, the Transitional National Assembly adopted as
Fundamental Law the constitution of 18 June 1991, provisions of the
1993 Arusha peace accord, the July 1994 Declaration by the Rwanda
Patriotic Front, and the November 1994 multiparty protocol of
understanding

Saint Helena
1 January 1989

Saint Kitts and Nevis
19 September 1983

Saint Lucia
22 February 1979

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
27 October 1979

Samoa
1 January 1962

San Marino
8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the
functions of a constitution

Sao Tome and Principe
approved March 1990; effective 10 September
1990

Saudi Arabia
governed according to Shari'a (Islamic law); the Basic
Law that articulates the government's rights and responsibilities
was introduced in 1993

Senegal
a new constitution was adopted 7 January 2001

Serbia and Montenegro
4 February 2003

Seychelles
18 June 1993

Sierra Leone
1 October 1991; subsequently amended several times

Singapore
3 June 1959, amended 1965 (based on preindependence State
of Singapore Constitution)

Slovakia
ratified 1 September 1992, fully effective 1 January 1993;
changed in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president;
amended February 2001 to allow Slovakia to apply for NATO and EU
membership

Slovenia
adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991

Solomon Islands
7 July 1978

Somalia
25 August 1979, presidential approval 23 September 1979
note: the Transitional National Government formed in August 2000 has
a mandate to create a new constitution and hold elections within
three years

South Africa
10 December 1996; this new constitution was certified
by the Constitutional Court on 4 December 1996, was signed by then
President MANDELA on 10 December 1996, and entered into effect on 3
February 1997; it is being implemented in phases

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
adopted 3 October 1985

Spain
6 December 1978, effective 29 December 1978

Sri Lanka
adopted 16 August 1978

Sudan
12 April 1973, suspended following coup of 6 April 1985;
interim constitution of 10 October 1985 suspended following coup of
30 June 1989; new constitution implemented on 30 June 1998 partially
suspended 12 December 1999 by President BASHIR

Suriname
ratified 30 September 1987

Swaziland
none; constitution of 6 September 1968 was suspended 12
April 1973; a new constitution was promulgated 13 October 1978, but
was not formally presented to the people; since then a few more
outlines for a constitution have been compiled under the
Constitutional Review Commission (CRC), but so far none have been
accepted

Sweden
1 January 1975

Switzerland
18 December 1998

Syria
13 March 1973

Taiwan
1 January 1947, amended in 1992, 1994, 1997, and 1999

Tajikistan
6 November 1994

Tanzania
25 April 1977; major revisions October 1984

Thailand
new constitution signed by King PHUMIPHON on 11 October 1997

Togo
multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the
Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992

Tokelau
administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as
amended in 1970

Tonga
4 November 1875, revised 1 January 1967

Trinidad and Tobago
1 August 1976

Tunisia
1 June 1959; amended 12 July 1988

Turkey
7 November 1982

Turkmenistan
adopted 18 May 1992

Turks and Caicos Islands introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988

Tuvalu
1 October 1978

Uganda
8 October 1995; adopted by the interim, 284-member
Constituent Assembly, charged with debating the draft constitution
that had been proposed in May 1993; the Constituent Assembly was
dissolved upon the promulgation of the constitution in October 1995

Ukraine
adopted 28 June 1996

United Arab Emirates
2 December 1971 (made permanent in 1996)

United Kingdom
unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and
practice