Part Part, adv (part 1)

Defn: Partly; in a measure. [R.] Shak.

PARTABLE
Part"a*ble, a.

Defn: See Partible. Camden.

PARTAGE
Part"age, n. Etym: [F. See Part, v. & n.]

1. Division; the act of dividing or sharing. [Obs.] Fuller.

2. Part; portion; share. [Obs.] Ford.

PARTAKE
Par*take", v. i. [imp. Partook; p. p. Partaken (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Partaking.] Etym: [Part + take.]

1. To take a part, portion, lot, or share, in common with others; to have a share or part; to participate; to share; as, to partake of a feast with others. "Brutes partake in this faculty." Locke. When I against myself with thee partake. Shak.

2. To have something of the properties, character, or office; — usually followed by of. The attorney of the Duchy of Lancaster partakes partly of a judge, and partly of an attorney-general. Bacon.

PARTAKE
Par*take", v. t.

1. To partake of; to have a part or share in; to share. Let every one partake the general joy. Driden.

2. To admit to a share; to cause to participate; to give a part to. [Obs.] Spencer.

3. To distribute; to communicate. [Obs.] Shak.

PARTAKER
Par*tak"er, n.

1. One who partakes; a sharer; a participator. Partakers of their spiritual things. Rom. xv. 27. Wish me partaker in my happiness. Shark.

2. An accomplice; an associate; a partner. [Obs.] Partakers wish them in the blood of the prophets. Matt. xxiii. 30.

PARTAN
Par"tan, n. Etym: [Cf. Ir. & Gael. partan.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An edible British crab. [Prov. Eng.]

PARTED
Part"ed, a.

1. Separated; devided.

2. Endowed with parts or abilities. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Cleft so that the divisions reach nearly, but not quite, to the midrib, or the base of the blade; — said of a leaf, and used chiefly in composition; as, three-parted, five-parted, etc. Gray.

PARTER
Part"er, n.

Defn: One who, or which, parts or separates. Sir P. Sidney.

PARTERRE Par*terre", n. Etym: [F., fr. par on, by (L. per)+terre earth, ground, L. terra. See Terrace.]

1. (Hort.)

Defn: An ornamental and diversified arrangement of beds or plots, in which flowers are cultivated, with intervening spaces of gravel or turf for walking on.

2. The pit of a theater; the parquet. [France]

PARTHENIAD
Par*the"ni*ad, n. Etym: [See Parthenic.]

Defn: A poem in honor of a virgin. [Obs.]

PARTHENIC
Par*then"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Spartan Partheniæ, or sons of unmarried women.

PARTHENOGENESIS
Par`the*no*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Gr. parqe`nos a virgin + E. genesis.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: The production of new individuals from virgin females by means of ova which have the power of developing without the intervention of the male element; the production, without fertilization, of cells capable of germination. It is one of the phenomena of alternate generation. Cf. Heterogamy, and Metagenesis.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The production of seed without fertilization, believed to occur through the nonsexual formation of an embryo extraneous to the embrionic vesicle.

PARTHENOGENETIC
Par`the*no*ge*net"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or produced by, parthenogenesis; as, parthenogenetic forms. — Par`the*no*ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv.

PARTHENOGENITIVE
Par`the*no*gen"i*tive, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Parthenogenetic.

PARTHENOGENY
Par`the*nog"e*ny, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Parthenogenesis.

PARTHENON Par"the*non, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Parqenw`n, fr.parqe`nos a virgin, i. e., Athene, the Greek goddess called also Pallas.]

Defn: A celebrated marble temple of Athene, on the Acropolis at Athens. It was of the pure Doric order, and has had an important influence on art.

PARTHENOPE; PARTENOPE
Par*then"o*pe, Par*ten"o*pe, n. Etym: [L., the name of a Siren, fr.
Gr.

1. (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: One of the Sirens, who threw herself into the sea, in despair at not being able to beguile Ulysses by her songs.

2. One of the asteroids between Mars and Jupiter, descovered by M. de Gasparis in 1850.

PARTHIAN
Par"thi*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to ancient Parthia, in Asia.
— n.

Defn: A native Parthia. Parthian arrow, an arrow discharged at an enemy when retreating from him, as was the custom of the ancient Parthians; hence, a parting shot.

PARTIAL Par"tial, a. Etym: [F., fr. LL. partials, fr. L. pars, gen. partis, a part; cf. (for sense 1) F. partiel. See Part, n.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or affecting, a part only; not general or universal; not total or entire; as, a partial eclipse of the moon. "Partial dissolutions of the earth." T. Burnet.

2. Inclined to favor one party in a cause, or one side of a question, more then the other; baised; not indifferent; as, a judge should not be partial. Ye have been partial in the law. Mal. ii. 9.

3. Having a predelection for; inclined to favor unreasonably; foolishly fond. "A partial parent." Pope. Not partial to an ostentatious display. Sir W. Scott.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to a subordinate portion; as, a compound umbel is made up of a several partial umbels; a leaflet is often supported by a partial petiole. Partial differentials, Partial differential coefficients, Partial differentiation, etc. (of a function of two or more variables), the differentials, differential coefficients, differentiation etc., of the function, upon the hypothesis that some of the variables are for the time constant. — Partial fractions (Alg.), fractions whose sum equals a given fraction. — Partial tones (Music), the simple tones which in combination form an ordinary tone; the overtones, or harmonics, which, blending with a fundamental tone, cause its special quality of sound, or timbre, or tone color. See, also, Tone.

PARTIALISM
Par"tial*ism, n.

Defn: Partiality; specifically (Theol.), the doctrine of the
Partialists.

PARTIALIST
Par"tial*ist n.

1. One who is partial. [R.]

2. (Theol.)

Defn: One who holds that the atonement was made only for a part of mankind, that is, for the elect.

PARTIALITY
Par`ti*al"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. partialité.]

1. The quality or state of being partial; inclination to favor one party, or one side of a question, more than the other; undue bias of mind.

2. A predilection or inclination to one thing rather than to others; special taste or liking; as, a partiality for poetry or painting. Roget.

PARTIALIZE
Par"tial*ize, v. t. & i.

Defn: To make or be partial. [R.]

PARTIALLY
Par"tial*ly adv.

1. In part; not totally; as, partially true; the sun partially eclipsed. Sir T. Browne.

2. In a partial manner; with undue bias of mind; with unjust favor or dislike; as, to judge partially. Shak.

PARTIBILITY
Part`i*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [From Partible.]

Defn: The quality or state of being partible; divisibility; separability; as, the partibility of an inherttance.

PARTIBLE
Part"i*ble, a. Etym: [L. partibilis, fr. partire to part, divide, fr.
L. pars: cf. F. partible. See Part.]

Defn: Admitting of being parted; divisible; separable; susceptible of severance or partition; as, an estate of inheritance may be partible. "Make the molds partible." Bacon.

PARTICIPABLE
Par*tic"i*pa*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being participated or shared. [R.] Norris.

PARTICIPANT
Par*tic"i*pant, a. Etym: [L. participans, p.pr. of participare: cf.
F. participant. See Participate.]

Defn: Sharing; participating; having a share of part. Bacon.

PARTICIPANT
Par*tic"i*pant, n.

Defn: A participator; a partaker.
Participants in their . . . mysterious rites. Bp. Warburton.

PARTICIPANTLY
Par*tic"i*pant*ly, adv.

Defn: In a participant manner.

PARTICIPATE
Par*tic"i*pate, a. Etym: [L. participatus, p.p. of participare to
participate; pars, partis, part + capere to take. See Part, and
Capacious.]

Defn: Acting in common; participating. [R.] Shak.

PARTICIPATE
Par*tic"i*pate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Participated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Participating.]

Defn: Tj have a share in common with others; to take a part; to
partake; — followed by in, formely by of; as, to participate in a
debate. Shak.
So would he participateof their wants. Hayward.
Mine may come when men With angels may participate. Milton.

PARTICIPATE
Par*tic"i*pate, v. t.

1. To partake of; to share in; to receive a part of. [R.] Fit to participate all rational delight. Milton.

2. To impart, or give, or share of. [Obs.] Drayton.

PARTICIPATION
Par*tic`i*pa"tion, n. Etym: [F. participation, L. participatio.]

1. The act or state of participating, or sharing in common with others; as, a participation in joy or sorrows. These deities are so by participation. Bp. Stillingfleet. What an honor, that God should admit us into such a blessed participation of himself! Atterbury.

2. Distribution; division into shares. [Obs.] Raleigh.

3. community; fellowship; association. [Obs.] Shak.

PARTICIPATIVE
Par*tic"i*pa*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. participatif.]

Defn: Capable of participating.

PARTICIPATOR
Par*tic"i*pa`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who participates, or shares with another; a partaker.

PARTICIPIAL
Par`ti*cip"i*al, a. Etym: [L. participialis: cf. E. participal. See
Participle.]

Defn: Having, or partaking of, the nature and use of a participle; formed from a participle; as, a participial noun. Lowth.

PARTICIPIAL
Par`ti*cip"i*al, n.

Defn: A participial word.

PARTICIPIALIZE Par`ti*cip"i*al*ize, v. t. [imp. & p.p Participialized; p. pr. & vb. n. Participializing.]

Defn: To form into, or put in the form of, a participle. [R.]

PARTICIPIALLY
Par`ti*cip"i*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the sense or manner of a participle.

PARTICIPLE
Par"ti*ci*ple, n. Etym: [F. participe, L. participium, fr. particeps
sharing, participant; pars, gen. partis, a part + capere to take. See
Participate.]

1. (Gram.)

Defn: A part of speech partaking of the nature both verb and adjective; a form of a verb, or verbal adjective, modifying a noun, but taking the adjuncts of the verb from which it is derived. In the sentences: a letter is written; being asleep he did not hear; exhausted by toil he will sleep soundly, — written, being, and exhaustedare participles. By a participle, [I understand] a verb in an adjectival aspect. Earle.

Note: Present participles, called also imperfect, or incomplete, participles, end in -ing. Past participles, called also perfect, or complete, participles, for the most part end in -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n. A participle when used merely as an attribute of a noun, without reference to time, is called an adjective, or a participial adjective; as, a written constitution; a rolling stone; the exhausted army. The verbal noun in -ing has the form of the present participle. See Verbal noun, under Verbal, a.

2. Anything that partakes of the nature of different things. [Obs.] The participles or confines between plants and living creatures. Bacon.

PARTICLE Par"ti*cle, n. Etym: [L. particula, dim of pars, gen partis, a part: cf. F. particule. See Part, and cf. Parcel.]

1. A minute part or portion of matter; a morsel; a little bit; an atom; a jot; as, a particle of sand, of wood, of dust. The small size of atoms which unite To make the smallest particle of light. Blackmore.

2. Any very small portion or part; the smallest portion; as, he has not a particle of patriotism or virtue. The houses had not given their commissioners authority in the least particle to recede. Clarendon.

3. (R. C. Ch.) (a) A crumb or little piece of concecrated host. (b) The smaller hosts distributed in the communion of the laity. Bp. Fitzpatrick.

4. (Gram.)

Defn: A subordinate word that is never inflected (a preposition, conjunction, interjection); or a word that can not be used except in compositions; as, ward in backward, ly in lovely.

PARTICOLORED
Par"ti*col`ored, a.

Defn: Same as Party-colored.

PARTICULAR Par*tic"u*lar, a. Etym: [OE. particuler, F. particulier, L. particularis. See Particle.]

1. Relating to a part or portion of anything; concerning a part separated from the whole or from others of the class; separate; sole; single; individual; specific; as, the particular stars of a constellation. Shak. [/Make] each particular hair to stand an end, Like quills upon the fretful porpentine. Shak. Seken in every halk and every herne Particular sciences for to lerne. Chaucer.

2. Of or pertaining to a single person, class, or thing; belonging to one only; not general; not common; hence, personal; peculiar; singular. "Thine own particular wrongs." Shak. Wheresoever one plant draweth such a particular juice out of the earth. Bacon.

3. Separate or distinct by reason of superiority; distinguished; important; noteworthy; unusual; special; as, he brought no particular news; she was the particular belle of the party.

4. Concerned with, or attentive to, details; minute; circumstantial; precise; as, a full and particular account of an accident; hence, nice; fastidious; as, a man particular in his dress.

5. (Law) (a) Containing a part only; limited; as, a particular estate, or one precedent to an estate in remainder. (b) Holding a particular estate; as, a particular tenant. Blackstone.

6. (Logic)

Defn: Forming a part of a genus; relatively limited in extension; affirmed or denied of a part of a subject; as, a particular proposition; — opposed to universal: e. g. (particular affirmative) Some men are wise; (particular negative) Some men are not wise. Particular average. See under Average. — Particular Baptist, one of a branch of the Baptist denomination the members of which hold the doctrine of a particular or individual election and reprobation. — Particular lien (Law), a lien, or a right to retain a thing, for some charge or claim growing out of, or connected with, that particular thing. — Particular redemption, the doctrine that the purpose, act, and provisions of redemption are restricted to a limited number of the human race. See Calvinism.

Syn. — Minute; individual; respective; appropriate; peculiar; especial; exact; specific; precise; critical; circumstantial. See Minute.

PARTICULAR
Par*tic"u*lar, n.

1. A separate or distinct member of a class, or part of a whole; an individual fact, point, circumstance, detail, or item, which may be considered separately; as, the particulars of a story. Particulars which it is not lawful for me to reveal. Bacon. It is the greatest interest of particulars to advance the good of the community. L'Estrange.

2. Special or personal peculiarity, trait, or character; individuality; interest, etc. [Obs.] For his particular I'll receive him gladly. Shak. If the particulars of each person be considered. Milton. Temporal blessings, whether such as concern the public . . . or such as concern our particular. Whole Duty of Man.

3. (Law)

Defn: One of the details or items of grounds of claim; — usually in the pl.; also, a bill of particulars; a minute account; as, a particular of premises. The reader has a particular of the books wherein this law was written. Ayliffe. Bill of particulars. See under Bill. — In particular, specially; peculiarly. "This, in particular, happens to the lungs." Blackmore. — To go into particulars, to relate or describe in detail or minutely.

PARTICULARISM
Par*tic"u*lar*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. particularisme.]

1. A minute description; a detailed statement. [R.]

2. (Theol.)

Defn: The doctrine of particular election.

3. (German Politics)

Defn: Devotion to the interests of one's own kingdom or province rather than to those of the empire.

PARTICULARIST
Par*tic"u*lar*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. particulariste.]

Defn: One who holds to particularism.
— Par*tic`u*lar*is"tic, a.

PARTICULARITY Par*tic`u*lar"i*ty, n.; pl. Particularities. Etym: [Cf. F. particularité.]

1. The state or quality of being particular; distinctiveness; circumstantiality; minuteness in detail.

2. That which is particular; as: (a) Peculiar quality; individual characteristic; peculiarity. "An old heathen altar with this particularity." Addison. (b) Special circumstance; minute detail; particular. "Even descending to particularities." Sir P. Sidney. (c) Something of special or private concern or interest. Let the general trumpet blow his blast, Particularities and petty sounds To cease! Shak .

PARTICULARIZATION
Par*tic`u*lar*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of particularizing. Coleridge.

PARTICULARIZE Par*tic"u*lar*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Particularized; p. pr. & vb. n. Particularizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. particulariser.]

Defn: To give as a particular, or as the particulars; to mention particularly; to give the particulars of; to enumerate or specify in detail. He not only boasts of his parentage as an Israelite, but particularizes his descent from Benjamin. Atterbury.

PARTICULARIZE
Par*tic"u*lar*ize, v. i.

Defn: To mention or attend to particulars; to give minute details; to be circumstantial; as, to particularize in a narrative.

PARTICULARLY
Par*tic"u*lar*ly, adv.

1. In a particular manner; expressly; with a specific reference or interest; in particular; distinctly.

2. In an especial manner; in a high degree; as, a particularly fortunate man; a particularly bad failure. The exact propriety of Virgil I particularly regarded as a great part of his character. Dryden.

PARTICULARMENT
Par*tic"u*lar*ment, n.

Defn: A particular; a detail. [Obs.]

PARTICULATE
Par*tic"u*late, v. t. & i. Etym: [See Particle.]

Defn: To particularize. [Obs.]

PARTICULATE
Par*tic"u*late, a.

1. Having the form of a particle.

2. Referring to, or produced by, particles, such as dust, minute germs, etc. [R.] The smallpox is a particulate disease. Tyndall.

PARTING
Par"ting, a. Etym: [From Part, v.]

1. Serving to part; dividing; separating.

2. Given when departing; as, a parting shot; a parting salute. "Give him that parting kiss." Shak.

3. Departing. "Speed the parting guest." Pope.

4. Admitting of being parted; partible. Parting fellow, a partner. [Obs.] Chaucer. — Parting pulley. See under Pulley. — Parting sand (Founding), dry, nonadhesive sand, sprinkled upon the partings of a mold to facilitate the separation. — Parting strip (Arch.), in a sash window, one of the thin strips of wood let into the pulley stile to keep the sashes apart; also, the thin piece inserted in the window box to separate the weights. — Parting tool (Mach.), a thin tool, used in turning or planing, for cutting a piece in two.

PARTING
Par"ting, n.

1. The act of parting or dividing; the state of being parted; division; separation. "The parting of the way." Ezek. xxi. 21.

2. A separation; a leave-taking. Shak. And there were sudden partings, such as press The life from out young hearts. Byron.

3. A surface or line of separation where a division occurs.

4. (Founding)

Defn: The surface of the sand of one section of a mold where it meets that of another section.

5. (Chem.)

Defn: The separation and determination of alloys; esp., the separation, as by acids, of gold from silver in the assay button.

6. (Geol.)

Defn: A joint or fissure, as in a coal seam.

7. (Naut.)

Defn: The breaking, as of a cable, by violence.

8. (Min.)

Defn: Lamellar separation in a crystallized mineral, due to some other cause than cleavage, as to the presence of twinning lamellæ.

PARTISAN
Par"ti*san, n. Etym: [F., fr. It. partigiano. See Party, and cf.
Partisan a truncheon.] [Written also partizan.]

1. An adherent to a party or faction; esp., one who is strongly and passionately devoted to a party or an interest. "The violence of a partisan." Macaulay. Both sides had their partisans in the colony. Jefferson.

2. (Mil.) (a) The commander of a body of detached light troops engaged in making forays and harassing an enemy. (b) Any member of such a corps.

PARTISAN
Par"ti*san, a. Etym: [Written also partizan.]

1. Adherent to a party or faction; especially, having the character of blind, passionate, or unreasonable adherence to a party; as, blinded by partisan zeal.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: Serving as a partisan in a detached command; as, a partisan officer or corps. Partisan ranger (Mil.), a member of a partisan corps.

PARTISAN Par"ti*san, n. Etym: [F. pertuisane, prob. fr. It. partigiana, influenced in French by OF. pertuisier to pierce. It was prob. so named as the weapon of some partisans, or party men. Cf. Partisan one of a corps of light troops.]

Defn: A kind of halberd or pike; also, a truncheon; a staff.
And make him with our pikes and partisans a grave. Shak.

PARTISANSHIP
Par"ti*san*ship, n.

Defn: The state of being a partisan, or adherent to a party; feelings or conduct appropriate to a partisan.

PARTITA
Par*ti"ta, n. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: A suite; a set of variations.

PARTITE Par"tite, a. Etym: [L. partitus, p.p. of partire to part, divide, from pars. See Part, and cf. Party, a.] (Bot.)

Defn: Divided nearly to the base; as, a partite leaf is a simple separated down nearly to the base.

PARTITION
Par*ti"tion, n. Etym: [F. partition, L. partitio. See Part, v.]

1. The act of parting or dividing; the state of being parted; separation; division; distribution; as, the partition of a kingdom. And good from bad find no partition. Shak.

2. That which divides or separates; that by which different things, or distinct parts of the same thing, are separated; separating boundary; dividing line or space; specifically, an interior wall dividing one part or apartment of a house, an inclosure, or the like, from another; as, a brick partition; lath and plaster partitions. No sight could pass Betwixt the nice partitions of the grass. Dryden.

3. A part divided off by walls; an apartment; a compartment. [R.] "Lodged in a small partition." Milton.

4. (Law.)

Defn: The servance of common or undivided interests, particularly in real estate. It may be effected by consent of parties, or by compulsion of law.

5. (Mus.)

Defn: A score. Partition of numbers (Math.), the resolution of integers into parts subject to given conditions. Brande & C.

PARTITION
Par*ti"tion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Partitioned; p. pr. & vb. n.
Partitioning.]

1. To divide into parts or shares; to divide and distribute; as, to partition an estate among various heirs.

2. To divide into distinct parts by lines, walls, etc.; as, to partition a house. Uniform without, though severally partitioned within. Bacon.

PARTITIONMENT
Par*ti"tion*ment, n.

Defn: The act of partitioning.

PARTITIVE
Par"ti*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. partitif.] (Gram.)

Defn: Denoting a part; as, a partitive genitive.

PARTITIVE
Par"ti*tive, n. (Gram.)

Defn: A word expressing partition, or denoting a part.

PARTITIVELY
Par"ti*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a partitive manner.

PARTLET
Part"let, n. Etym: [Dim. of part.]

1. A covering for the neck, and sometimes for the shoulders and breast; originally worn by both sexes, but laterby women alone; a ruff. [Obs.] Fuller.

2. A hen; — so called from the ruffing of her neck feathers. "Dame Partlett, the hen." Shak.

PARTLY
Part"ly, adv.

Defn: In part; in some measure of degree; not wholly. "I partly believe it." 1 Cor. xi. 18.

PARTNER
Part"ner, n. Etym: [For parcener, influenced by part.]

1. One who has a part in anything with an other; a partaker; an associate; a sharer. "Partner of his fortune." Shak. Hence: (a) A husband or a wife. (b) Either one of a couple who dance together. (c) One who shares as a member of a partnership in the management, or in the gains and losses, of a business. My other self, the partner of my life. Milton.

2. (Law)

Defn: An associate in any business or occupation; a member of a partnership. See Partnership.

3. pl. (Naut.)

Defn: A framework of heavy timber surrounding an opening in a deck, to strengthen it for the support of a mast, pump, capstan, or the like. Dormant, or Silent, partner. See under Dormant, a.

Syn. — Associate; colleague; coadjutor; confederate; partaker; participator; companion; comrade; mate.

PARTNER
Part"ner, v. t.

Defn: To associate, to join. [Obs.] Shak.

PARTNERSHIP
Part"ner*ship, n.

1. The state or condition of being a partner; as, to be in partnership with another; to have partnership in the fortunes of a family or a state.

2. A division or sharing among partners; joint possession or interest. Rome, that ne'er knew three lordly heads before, First fell by fatal partnership of power. Rowe. He does possession keep, And is too wise to hazard partnership. Dryden.

3. An alliance or association of persons for the prosecution of an undertaking or a business on joint account; a company; a firm; a house; as, to form a partnership.

4. (Law)

Defn: A contract between two or more competent persons for joining together their money, goods, labor, and skill, or any or all of them, under an understanding that there shall be a communion of profit between them, and for the purpose of carrying on a legal trade, business, or adventure. Kent. Story.

Note: Community of profit is absolutely essential to, though not necessary the test of, a partnership.

5. (Arith.)

Defn: See Fellowship, n., 6. Limited partnership, a form of partnership in which the firm consists of one or more general partners, jointly and severally responsible as ordinary partners, and one or more special partners, who are not liable for the debts of the partnership beyond the amount of cash they contribute as capital. — Partnership in commendam, the title given to the limited partnership (F. société en commandité) of the French law, introduced into the code of Louisiana. Burrill. — Silent partnership, the relation of partnership sustained by a person who furnishes capital only.

PARTOOK
Par*took",

Defn: imp. of Partake.

PARTRIDGE
Par"tridge, n. Etym: [OE. partriche, pertriche, OF. pertris, perdriz,
F. perdrix, L. perdix, -icis, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

1. Any one of numerous species of small gallinaceous birds of the genus Perdix and several related genera of the family Perdicidæ, of the Old World. The partridge is noted as a game bird. Full many a fat partrich had he in mew. Chaucer.

Note: The common European, or gray, partridge (Perdix cinerea) and the red-legged partridge (Caccabis rubra) of Southern Europe and Asia are well-known species.

2. Any one of several species of quail-like birds belonging to Colinus, and allied genera. [U.S.]

Note: Among them are the bobwhite (Colinus Virginianus) of the
Eastern States; the plumed, or mountain, partridge (Oreortyx pictus)
of California; the Massena partridge (Cyrtonyx Montezumæ); and the
California partridge (Callipepla Californica).

3. The ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus). [New Eng.] Bamboo partridge (Zoöl.), a spurred partridge of the genus Bambusicola. Several species are found in China and the East Indies. — Night partridge (Zoöl.), the woodcock. [Local, U.S.] — Painted partridge (Zoöl.), a francolin of South Africa (Francolinus pictus). — Partridge berry. (Bot.) (a) The scarlet berry of a trailing american plant (Mitchella repens) of the order Rubiaceæ, having roundish evergreen leaves, and white fragrant flowers sometimes tinged with purple, growing in pairs with the ovaries united, and producing the berries which remain over winter; also, the plant itself. (b) The fruit of the creeping wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens); also, the plant itself. — Partridge dove (Zoöl.) Same as Mountain witch, under Mountain. — Partridge pea (Bot.), a yellow-flowered leguminous herb (Cassia Chamæcrista), common in sandy fields in the Eastern United States. — Partridge shell (Zoöl.), a large marine univalve shell (Dolium perdix), having colors variegated like those of the partridge. — Partridge wood (a) A variegated wood, much esteemed for cabinetwork. It is obtained from tropical America, and one source of it is said to be the leguminous tree Andira inermis. Called also pheasant wood. (b) A name sometimes given to the dark-colored and striated wood of some kind of palm, which is used for walking sticks and umbrella handles. — Sea partridge (Zoöl.), an Asiatic sand partridge (Ammoperdix Bonhami); — so called from its note. — Snow partridge (Zoöl.), a large spurred partridge (Lerwa nivicola) which inhabits the high mountains of Asia. — Spruce partridge. See under Spruce. — Wood partridge, or Hill partridge (Zoöl.), any small Asiatic partridge of the genus Arboricola.

PARTURE
Par"ture, n.

Defn: Departure. [Obs.] Spenser.

PARTURIATE
Par*tu"ri*ate, v. i. Etym: [See Parturient.]

Defn: To bring forth young. [Obs.]

PARTURIENCY
Par*tu"ri*en*cy, n.

Defn: Parturition.

PARTURIENT Par*tu"ri*ent, a. Etym: [L. parturiens, p.pr. of parturire to desire to bring forth, fr. parere, partum, to bring forth. See Parent.]

Defn: Bringing forth, or about to bring forth, young; fruitful. Jer.
Tailor.

PARTURIFACIENT Par*tu`ri*fa"cient, n. Etym: [L. parturire to desire to bring forth + facere to make.] (Med.)

Defn: A medicine tending to cause parturition, or to give relief in childbearing. Dunglison.

PARTURIOUS
Par*tu"ri*ous, a.

Defn: Parturient. [Obs.] Drayton.

PARTURITION Par`tu*ri"tion, n. Etym: [L. parturitio, fr. parturire: cf. F. parturition. See Parturient.]

1. The act of bringing forth, or being delivered of, young; the act of giving birth; delivery; childbirth.

2. That which is brought forth; a birth. [Obs.]

PARTURITIVE
Par*tu"ri*tive, a.

Defn: Pertaining to parturition; obstetric. [R.]

PARTY Par"ty, n.; pl. Parties. Etym: [F. parti and partie, fr. F. partir to part, divide, L. partire, partiri. See Part, v.]

1. A part or portion. [Obs.] "The most party of the time." Chaucer.

2. A number of persons united in opinion or action, as distinguished from, or opposed to, the rest of a community or association; esp., one of the parts into which a people is divided on questions of public policy. Win the noble Brutus to our party. Shak. The peace both parties want is like to last. Dryden.

3. A part of a larger body of company; a detachment; especially (Mil.), a small body of troops dispatched on special service.

4. A number of persons invited to a social entertainment; a select company; as, a dinner party; also, the entertainment itself; as, to give a party.

5. One concerned or interested in an affair; one who takes part with others; a participator; as, he was a party to the plot; a party to the contract.

6. The plaintiff or the defendant in a lawsuit, whether an individual, a firm, or corporation; a litigant. The cause of both parties shall come before the judges. Ex. xxii. 9.

7. Hence, any certain person who is regarded as being opposed or antagonistic to another. It the jury found that the party slain was of English race, it had been adjudged felony. Sir J. Davies.

8. Cause; side; interest. Have you nothing said Upon this Party 'gainst the Duke of Albany Shak.

9. A person; as, he is a queer party. [Now accounted a vulgarism.]

Note: "For several generations, our ancestors largely employed party for person; but this use of the word, when it appeared to be reviving, happened to strike, more particularly, the fancy of the vulgar; and the consequence has been, that the polite have chosen to leave it in their undisputed possession." Fitzed. Hall. Party jury (Law), a jury composed of different parties, as one which is half natives and half foreigners. — Party man, a partisan. Swift. — Party spirit, a factious and unreasonable temper, not uncommonly shown by party men. Whately. — Party verdict, a joint verdict. Shak. — Party wall. (a) (Arch.) A wall built upon the dividing line between two adjoining properties, usually having half its thickness on each property. (b) (Law) A wall that separates adjoining houses, as in a block or row.

PARTY Par"ty, a. Etym: [F. parti divided, fr. partir to divide. See Part, v., and cf. Partite.]

1. (Her.)

Defn: Parted or divided, as in the direction or form of one of the ordinaries; as, an escutcheon party per pale.

2. Partial; favoring one party. I will be true judge, and not party. Chaucer. Charter party. See under Charter.

PARTY
Par"ty, adv.

Defn: Partly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARTY-COATED
Par"ty-coat`ed, a.

Defn: Having a motley coat, or coat of divers colors. Shak.

PARTY-COLORED; PARTI-COLORED
Par"ty-col`ored, Par"ti-col`ored, a.

Defn: Colored with different tints; variegated; as, a party-colored flower. "Parti-colored lambs." Shak.

PARTYISM
Par"ty*ism, n.

Defn: Devotion to party.

PARUMBILICAL
Par`um*bil"ic*al, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + umbilical.] (Anat.)

Defn: Near the umbilicus; — applied especially to one or more small veins which, in man, connect the portal vein with the epigastric veins in the front wall of the abdomen.

PARURE
Pa`rure", n. [F., OF. pareure, LL. paraura, fr. L. parare to prepare.
See Pare.]

Defn: An ornament or decoration for the person; esp., a decoration consisting of a set of ornaments to be used together; as, a parure of rubies or of embroideries.

PARUSIA
Pa*ru"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure of speech by which the present tense is used instead of the past or the future, as in the animated narration of past, or in the prediction of future, events.

PARVANIMITY
Par`va*nim"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. parvus little + animus mind.]

Defn: The state or quality of having a little or ignoble mind; pettiness; meanness; — opposed to magnanimity. De Quincey.

PARVENU Par"ve*nu`, n. Etym: [F., prop. p.p. of parvenir to attain to, to succeed, to rise to high station, L. pervenire to come to; per through + venire to come. See Par, prep., and Come.]

Defn: An upstart; a man newly risen into notice.

PARVIS; PARVISE Par"vis, Par"vise, n. Etym: [F. parvis, fr. LL. paravisus, fr. L. paradisus. See Paradise.]

Defn: a court of entrance to, or an inclosed space before, a church; hence, a church porch; — sometimes formerly used as place of meeting, as for lawyers. Chaucer.

PARVITUDE; PARVITY
Par"vi*tude, Par"vi*ty, n. Etym: [L. parvitas, fr. parvus little: cf.
OF. parvité.]

Defn: Littleness. [Obs.] Glanvill. Ray.

PARVOLIN
Par"vo*lin, n. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A nonoxygenous ptomaine, formed in the putrefaction of albuminous matters, especially of horseflesh and mackerel.

PARVOLINE
Par"vo*line, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A liquid base, C

PAS
Pas, n. Etym: [F. See Pace.]

1. A pace; a step, as in a dance. Chaucer.

2. Right of going foremost; precedence. Arbuthnot.

PASAN
Pa"san, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The gemsbok.

PASCH; PASCHA
Pasch, Pas"cha, n. Etym: [AS. pascha, L. pascha, Gr. pesach, fr.
pasach to pass over: cf. OF. pasque, F. pâque. Cf. Paschal, Paas,
Paque.]

Defn: The passover; the feast of Easter. Pasch egg. See Easter egg,
under Easter.
— Pasch flower. See Pasque flower, under Pasque.

PASCHAL
Pas"chal, a. Etym: [L. paschalis: cf. F. pascal. See Pasch.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the passover, or to Easter; as, a paschal lamb; paschal eggs. Longfellow. Paschal candle (R. C. Ch.), a large wax candle, blessed and placed on the altar on Holy Saturday, or the day before Easter. — Paschal flower. See Pasque flower, under Pasque.

PASENG
Pa*seng", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The wild or bezoar goat. See Goat.

PASH Pash, v. t. Etym: [Prob. of imitative origin, or possibly akin to box to fight with the fists.]

Defn: To strike; to crush; to smash; to dash in pieces. [Obs.] P.
Plowman. "I'll pash him o'er the face." Shak.

PASH
Pash, n. Etym: [Scot., the pate. Cf. Pash, v. t.]

1. The head; the poll. [R.] "A rough pash." Shak.

2. A crushing blow. [Obs.]

3. A heavy fall of rain or snow. [Prov. Eng.]

PASHA Pa*sha", n. Etym: [Turk. pasha, basha; cf. Per. basha, badshah; perh. a corruption of Per. padishah. Cf. Bashaw, Padishah, Shah.]

Defn: An honorary title given to officers of high rank in Turkey, as to governers of provinces, military commanders, etc. The earlier form was bashaw. [Written also pacha.]

Note: There are three classes of pashas, whose rank is distinguished by the number of the horsetails borne on their standards, being one, two, or three, a pasha of three tails being the highest.

PASHALIC
Pa*sha"lic, n. [Written also pachalic.] Etym: [Turk.]

Defn: The jurisdiction of a pasha.

PASHAW
Pa*shaw", n.

Defn: See Pasha.

PASIGRAPHIC; PASIGRAPHICAL
Pas`i*graph"ic, Pas`i*graph"ic*al a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pasigraphy.

PASIGRAPHY
Pa*sig"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.]

Defn: A system of universal writing, or a manner of writing that may be understood and used by all nations. Good.

PASILALY
Pas"i*la`ly, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A form of speech adapted to be used by all mankind; universal language.

PASK
Pask, n. Etym: [See Pasque.]

Defn: See Pasch.

PASPY
Pas"py, n. Etym: [F. passe-pied.]

Defn: A kind of minuet, in triple time, of French origin, popular in the reign of Queen Elizabeth and for some time after; — called also passing measure, and passymeasure. Percy Smith.

PASQUE
Pasque, n. Etym: [OF. pasque.]

Defn: See Pasch. Pasque flower (Bot.), a name of several plants of the genus Anemone, section Pulsatilla. They are perennial herbs with rather large purplish blossoms, which appear in early spring, or about Easter, whence the common name. Called also campana.

PASQUIL
Pas"quil, n. Etym: [It. pasquillo.]

Defn: See Pasquin. [R.]

PASQUIL
Pas"quil, v. t. [R.]

Defn: See Pasquin.

PASQUILANT
Pas"quil*ant, n.

Defn: A lampooner; a pasquiler. [R.] Coleridge.

PASQUILER
Pas"quil*er, n.

Defn: A lampooner. [R.] Burton.

PASQUIN Pas"quin, n. Etym: [It. pasquino a mutilated statue at Rome, set up against the wall of the place of the Orsini; — so called from a witty cobbler or tailor, near whose shop the statue was dug up. On this statue it was customary to paste satiric papers.]

Defn: A lampooner; also, a lampoon. See Pasquinade. The Grecian wits, who satire first began, Were pleasant pasquins on the life of man. Dryden.

PASQUIN
Pas"quin, v. t.

Defn: To lampoon; to satiraze. [R.]
To see himself pasquined and affronted. Dryden.

PASQUINADE
Pas`quin*ade", n. Etym: [F. pasquinade, It. pasquinata.]

Defn: A lampoon or satirical writing. Macaulay.

PASQUINADE
Pas`quin*ade", v. t.

Defn: To lampoon, to satirize.

PASS Pass, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Passed; p. pr. & vb. n. Passing.] Etym: [F. passer, LL. passare, fr. L. passus step, or from pandere, passum, to spread out, lay open. See Pace.]

1. To go; to move; to proceed; to be moved or transferred from one point to another; to make a transit; — usually with a following adverb or adverbal phrase defining the kind or manner of motion; as, to pass on, by, out, in, etc.; to pass swiftly, directly, smoothly, etc.; to pass to the rear, under the yoke, over the bridge, across the field, beyond the border, etc. "But now pass over [i.e., pass on]." Chaucer. On high behests his angels to and fro Passed frequent. Milton. Sweet sounds rose slowly through their mouths, And from their bodies passed. Coleridge.

2. To move or be transferred from one state or condition to another; to change possession, condition, or circumstances; to undergo transition; as, the business has passed into other hands. Others, dissatisfied with what they have, . . . pass from just to unjust. Sir W. Temple.

3. To move beyond the range of the senses or of knowledge; to pass away; hence, to disappear; to vanish; to depart; specifically, to depart from life; to die. Disturb him not, let him pass paceably. Shak. Beauty is a charm, but soon the charm will pass. Dryden. The passing of the sweetest soul That ever looked with human eyes. Tennyson.

4. To move or to come into being or under notice; to come and go in consciousness; hence, to take place; to occur; to happen; to come; to occur progressively or in succession; to be present transitorly. So death passed upon all men. Rom. v. 12. Our own consciousness of what passes within our own mind. I. Watts.

5. To go by or glide by, as time; to elapse; to be spent; as, their vacation passed pleasantly. Now the time is far passed. Mark vi. 35

6. To go from one person to another; hence, to be given and taken freely; as, clipped coin will not pass; to obtain general acceptance; to be held or regarded; to circulate; to be current; — followed by for before a word denoting value or estimation. "Let him pass for a man." Shak. False eloquence passeth only where true is not understood. Felton. This will not pass for a fault in him. Atterbury.

7. To advance through all the steps or stages necessary to validity or effectiveness; to be carried through a body that has power to sanction or reject; to receive legislative sanction; to be enacted; as, the resolution passed; the bill passed both houses of Congress.

8. To go through any inspection or test successfully; to be approved or accepted; as, he attempted the examination, but did not expect to pass.

9. To be suffered to go on; to be tolerated; hence, to continue; to live alogn. "The play may pass." Shak.

10. To go unheeded or neglected; to proceed without hindrance or opposition; as, we let this act pass.

11. To go beyond bounds; to surpass; to be in excess. [Obs.] "This passes, Master Ford." Shak.

12. To take heed; to care. [Obs.] As for these silken-coated slaves, I pass not. Shak.

13. To go through the intestines. Arbuthnot.

14. (Law)

Defn: To be conveyed or transferred by will, deed, or other instrument of conveyance; as, an estate passes by a certain clause in a deed. Mozley & W.

15. (Fencing)

Defn: To make a lunge or pass; to thrust.

16. (Card Playing)

Defn: To decline to play in one's turn; in euchre, to decline to make
the trump.
She would not play, yet must not pass. Prior.
To bring to pass, To come to pass. See under Bring, and Come.
— To pass away, to disappear; to die; to vanish. "The heavens shall
pass away." 2 Pet. iii. 10. "I thought to pass away before, but yet
alive I am." Tennyson.
— To pass by, to go near and beyond a certain person or place; as,
he passed by as we stood there.
— To pass into, to change by a gradual transmission; to blend or
unite with.
— To pass on, to proceed.
— To pass on or upon. (a) To happen to; to come upon; to affect.
"So death passed upon all men." Rom. v. 12. "Provided no indirect act
pass upon our prayers to define them." Jer. Taylor. (b) To determine
concerning; to give judgment or sentence upon. "We may not pass upon
his life." Shak.
— To pass off, to go away; to cease; to disappear; as, an agitation
passes off.
— To pass over, to go from one side or end to the other; to cross,
as a river, road, or bridge.

PASS
Pass, v. t.

1. In simple, transitive senses; as: (a) To go by, beyond, over, through, or the like; to proceed from one side to the other of; as, to pass a house, a stream, a boundary, etc. (b) Hence:

Defn: To go from one limit to the other of; to spend; to live through; to have experience of; to undergo; to suffer. "To pass commodiously this life." Milton. She loved me for the dangers I had passed. Shak.

(c) To go by without noticing; to omit attention to; to take no note
of; to disregard.
Please you that I may pass This doing. Shak.
I pass their warlike pomp, their proud array. Dryden.

(d) To transcend; to surpass; to excel; to exceed. And strive to pass . . . Their native music by her skillful art. Spenser. Whose tender power Passes the strength of storms in their most desolate hour. Byron.

(e) To go successfully through, as an examination, trail, test, etc.; to obtain the formal sanction of, as a legislative body; as, he passed his examination; the bill passed the senate.

2. In causative senses: as: (a) To cause to move or go; to send; to transfer from one person, place, or condition to another; to transmit; to deliver; to hand; to make over; as, the waiter passed bisquit and cheese; the torch was passed from hand to hand. I had only time to pass my eye over the medals. Addison. Waller passed over five thousand horse and foot by Newbridge. Clarendon.

(b) To cause to pass the lips; to utter; to pronounce; hence, to promise; to pledge; as, to pass sentence. Shak. Father, thy word is passed. Milton.

(c) To cause to advance by stages of progress; to carry on with success through an ordeal, examination, or action; specifically, to give legal or official sanction to; to ratify; to enact; to approve as valid and just; as, he passed the bill through the committee; the senate passed the law. (e) To put in circulation; to give currency to; as, to pass counterfeit money. "Pass the happy news." Tennyson. (f) To cause to obtain entrance, admission, or conveyance; as, to pass a person into a theater, or over a railroad.

3. To emit from the bowels; to evacuate.

4. (Naut.)

Defn: To take a turn with (a line, gasket, etc.), as around a sail in furling, and make secure.

5. (Fencing)

Defn: To make, as a thrust, punto, etc. Shak. Passed midshipman. See under Midshipman. — To pass a dividend, to omit the declaration and payment of a dividend at the time when due. — To pass away, to spend; to waste. "Lest she pass away the flower of her age." Ecclus. xlii. 9. — To pass by. (a) To disregard; to neglect. (b) To excuse; to spare; to overlook. — To pass off, to impose fraudulently; to palm off. "Passed himself off as a bishop." Macaulay. — To pass (something) on or upon (some one), to put upon as a trick or cheat; to palm off. "She passed the child on her husband for a boy." Dryden. — To pass over, to overlook; not to note or resent; as, to pass over an affront.

PASS Pass, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pas (for sense 1), and passe, fr. passer to pass. See Pass, v. i.]

1. An opening, road, or track, available for passing; especially, one through or over some dangerous or otherwise impracticable barrier; a passageway; a defile; a ford; as, a mountain pass. "Try not the pass!" the old man said. Longfellow.

2. (Fencing)

Defn: A thrust or push; an attempt to stab or strike an adversary.
Shak.

3. A movement of the hand over or along anything; the manipulation of a mesmerist.

4. (Rolling Metals)

Defn: A single passage of a bar, rail, sheet, etc., between the rolls.

5. State of things; condition; predicament. Have his daughters brought him to this pass. Shak. Matters have been brought to this pass. South.

6. Permission or license to pass, or to go and come; a psssport; a ticket permitting free transit or admission; as, a railroad or theater pass; a military pass. A ship sailing under the flag and pass of an enemy. Kent.

7. Fig.: a thrust; a sally of wit. Shak.

8. Estimation; character. [Obs.] Common speech gives him a worthy pass. Shak.

9. Etym: [Cf. Passus.]

Defn: A part; a division. [Obs.] Chaucer. Pass boat (Naut.), a punt, or similar boat. — Pass book. (a) A book in which a trader enters articles bought on credit, and then passes or sends it to the purchaser. (b) See Bank book. — Pass box (Mil.), a wooden or metallic box, used to carry cartridges from the service magazine to the piece. — Pass check, a ticket of admission to a place of entertainment, or of readmission for one who goes away in expectation of returning.

PASSABLE
Pass"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. passable.]

1. Capable of being passed, traveled, navigated, traversed, penetrated, or the like; as, the roads are not passable; the stream is passablein boats. His body's a passable carcass if it be not hurt; it is a throughfare for steel. Shak.

2. Capable of being freely circulated or disseminated; acceptable; generally receivable; current. With men as with false money — one piece is more or less passable than another. L'Estrange. Could they have made this slander passable. Collier.

3. Such as may be allowed to pass without serious objection; tolerable; admissable; moderate; mediocre. My version will appear a passable beauty when the original muse is absent. Dryden.

PASSABLENESS
Pass"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being passable.

PASSABLY
Pass"a*bly, adv.

Defn: Tolerably; moderately.

PASSACAGLIA; PASSACAGLIO Pas`sa*ca*glia, Pas`sa*ca*glio, n. Etym: [Sp. pasacalle a certain tune on the guitar, prop., a tune played in passing through the streets.] (Mus.)

Defn: An old Italian or Spanish dance tune, in slow three-four measure, with divisions on a ground bass, resembling a chaconne.

PASSADE; PASSADO Pas*sade", Pas*sa"do, n. Etym: [F. passade; cf. Sp. pasada. See Pass, v. i.]

1. (Fencing)

Defn: A pass or thrust. Shak.

2. (Man.)

Defn: A turn or course of a horse backward or forward on the same spot of ground.

PASSAGE
Pas"sage, n. Etym: [F. passage. See Pass, v. i.]

1. The act of passing; transit from one place to another; movement from point to point; a going by, over, across, or through; as, the passage of a man or a carriage; the passage of a ship or a bird; the passage of light; the passage of fluids through the pores or channels of the body. What! are my doors opposed against my passage! Shak.

2. Transit by means of conveyance; journey, as by water, carriage, car, or the like; travel; right, liberty, or means, of passing; conveyance. The ship in which he had taken passage. Macaulay.

3. Price paid for the liberty to pass; fare; as, to pay one's passage.

4. Removal from life; decease; departure; death. [R.] "Endure thy mortal passage." Milton. When he is fit and season'd for his passage. Shak.

5. Way; road; path; channel or course through or by which one passes; way of exit or entrance; way of access or transit. Hence, a common avenue to various apartments in a building; a hall; a corridor. And with his pointed dart Explores the nearest passage to his heart. Dryden. The Persian army had advanced into the . . . passages of Cilicia. South.

6. A continuous course, process, or progress; a connected or continuous series; as, the passage of time. The conduct and passage of affairs. Sir J. Davies. The passage and whole carriage of this action. Shak.

7. A separate part of a course, process, or series; an occurrence; an incident; an act or deed. "In thy passages of life." Shak. The . . . almost incredible passage of their unbelief. South.

8. A particular portion constituting a part of something continuous; esp., a portion of a book, speech, or musical composition; a paragraph; a clause. How commentators each dark passage shun. Young.

9. Reception; currency. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.

10. A pass or en encounter; as, a passage at arms. No passages of love Betwixt us twain henceforward evermore. Tennyson.

11. A movement or an evacuation of the bowels.

12. In parliamentary proceedings: (a) The course of a proposition (bill, resolution, etc.) through the several stages of consideration and action; as, during its passage through Congress the bill was amended in both Houses. (b) The advancement of a bill or other proposition from one stage to another by an affirmative vote; esp., the final affirmative action of the body upon a proposition; hence, adoption; enactment; as, the passage of the bill to its third reading was delayed. "The passage of the Stamp Act." D. Hosack. The final question was then put upon its passage. Cushing. In passage, in passing; cursorily. "These . . . have been studied but in passage." Bacon. — Middle passage, Northeast passage, Northwest passage. See under Middle, Northeast, etc. — Of passage, passing from one place, region, or climate, to another; migratory; — said especially of birds "Birds of passage." Longfellow. — Passage hawk, a hawk taken on its passage or migration. — Passage money, money paid for conveyance of a passenger, — usually for carrying passengers by water.

Syn.
— Vestibule; hall; corridor. See Vestibule.

PASSAGER
Pas"sa*ger, n. Etym: [See Passenger.]

Defn: A passenger; a bird or boat of passage. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.

PASSAGEWAY
Pas"sage*way`, n.

Defn: A way for passage; a hall. See Passage, 5.

PASSANT
Pas"sant, a. Etym: [F., p.pr. of passer. See Pass, v. i.]

1. Passing from one to another; in circulation; current. [Obs.] Many opinions are passant. Sir T. Browne.

2. Curs [Obs.] On a passant rewiew of what I wrote to the bishop. Sir P. Pett.

3. Surpassing; excelling. [Obs.] Chaucer.

4. (Her.)

Defn: Walking; — said of any animal on an escutcheon, which is represented as walking with the dexter paw raised.

PASSE; PASSEE
Pas`sé", masc. Pas`sé"e, fem., a. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Past; gone by; hence, past one's prime; worn; faded; as, a passée belle. Ld. Lytton.

PASSEGARDE
Passe"garde`, n. Etym: [F.] (Anc. Armor)

Defn: A ridge or projecting edge on a shoulder piece to turn the blow of a lance or other weapon from the joint of the armor.

PASSEMENT
Passe"ment, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Lace, gimp, braid etc., sewed on a garment. Sir W. Scott.

PASSEMENTERIE
Passe*men"terie, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Beaded embroidery for women's dresses.

PASSENGER
Pas"sen*ger, n. Etym: [OE. & F. passager. See Passage, and cf.
Messenger.]

1. A passer or passer-by; a wayfarer. Shak.

2. A traveler by some established conveyance, as a coach, steamboat, railroad train, etc. Passenger falcon (Zoöl.), a migratory hawk. Ainsworth. — Passenger pigeon (Zoöl.), the common wild pigeon of North America (Ectopistes migratorius), so called on account of its extensive migrations.

PASSENGER MILE
Pas"sen*ger mile. (Railroads)

Defn: A unit of measurement of the passenger transportation performed by a railroad during a given period, usually a year, the total of which consists of the sum of the miles traversed by all the passengers on the road in the period in question.

PASSENGER MILEAGE
Passenger mileage. (Railroads)

Defn: Passenger miles collectively; the total number of miles traveled by passengers on a railroad during a given period.

PASSE PARTOUT Passe" par`tout", n. Etym: [F., from passer to pass + partout everywhere.]

1. That by which one can pass anywhere; a safe-conduct. [Obs.] Dryden.

2. A master key; a latchkey.

3. A light picture frame or mat of cardboard, wood, or the like, usually put between the picture and the glass, and sometimes serving for several pictures.

PASSER
Pass"er, n.

Defn: One who passes; a passenger.

PASSER-BY
Pass`er-by", n.

Defn: One who goes by; a passer.

PASSERES
Pas"se*res, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. passer a sparrow.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order, or suborder, of birds, including more that half of all the known species. It embraces all singing birds (Oscines), together with many other small perching birds.

PASSERIFORM
Pas*ser"i*form, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or belonging to the Passeres.

PASSERINE
Pas"ser*ine, a. Etym: [L. passerinus, fr. passer a sparrow.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Passeres. The columbine, gallinaceous, and passerine tribes people the fruit trees. Sydney Smith.

PASSERINE
Pas"ser*ine, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Passeres.

PASSIBILITY
Pas`si*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. passibilitas: cf. F. passibilité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being passible; aptness to feel or suffer; sensibility. Hakewill.

PASSIBLE Pas"si*ble, a. Etym: [L. passibilis, fr. pati, to suffer: cf. F. passible. See Passion.]

Defn: Susceptible of feeling or suffering, or of impressions from
external agents.
Apolinarius, which held even deity itself passible. Hooker.

PASSIBLENESS
Pas"si*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Passibility. Brerewood.

PASSIFLORA Pas"si*flo"ra, n. Etym: [NL., from L. passio passion (fr. pati, passus, to suffer) + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants, including the passion flower. It is the type of the order Passifloreæ, which includes about nineteen genera and two hundred and fifty species.

PASSIM
Pas"sim, adv. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Here and there; everywhere; as, this word occurs passim in the poem.

PASSING
Pass"ing, n.

Defn: The act of one who, or that which, passes; the act of going by or away. Passing bell, a tolling of a bell to announce that a soul is passing, or has passed, from its body (formerly done to invoke prayers for the dying); also, a tolling during the passing of a funeral procession to the grave, or during funeral ceremonies. Sir W. Scott. Longfellow.

PASSING
Pass"ing, a.

1. Relating to the act of passing or going; going by, beyond, through, or away; departing.

2. Exceeding; surpassing, eminent. Chaucer. "Her passing deformity." Shak. Passing note (Mus.), a character including a passing tone. — Passing tone (Mus.), a tone introduced between two other tones, on an unaccented portion of a measure, for the sake of smoother melody, but forming no essential part of the harmony.

PASSING
Pass"ing, adv.

Defn: Exceedingly; excessively; surpassingly; as, passing fair; passing strange. "You apprehend passing shrewdly." Shak.

PASSINGLY
Pass"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: Exceedingly. Wyclif.

PASSION
Pas"sion, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. passio, fr. pati, passus, to suffer.
See Patient.]

1. A suffering or enduring of imposed or inflicted pain; any suffering or distress (as, a cardiac passion); specifically, the suffering of Christ between the time of the last supper and his death, esp. in the garden upon the cross. "The passions of this time." Wyclif (Rom. viii. 18). To whom also he showed himself alive after his passion, by many infallible proofs. Acts i. 3.

2. The state of being acted upon; subjection to an external agent or influence; a passive condition; — opposed to action. A body at rest affords us no idea of any active power to move, and, when set is motion, it is rather a passion than an action in it. Locke.

3. Capacity of being affected by external agents; susceptibility of impressions from external agents. [R.] Moldable and not moldable, scissible and not scissible, and many other passions of matter. Bacon.

4. The state of the mind when it is powerfully acted upon and influenced by something external to itself; the state of any particular faculty which, under such conditions, becomes extremely sensitive or uncontrollably excited; any emotion or sentiment (specifically, love or anger) in a state of abnormal or controlling activity; an extreme or inordinate desire; also, the capacity or susceptibility of being so affected; as, to be in a passion; the passions of love, hate, jealously, wrath, ambition, avarice, fear, etc.; a passion for war, or for drink; an orator should have passion as well as rhetorical skill. "A passion fond even to idolatry." Macaulay. "Her passion is to seek roses." Lady M. W. Montagu. We also are men of like passions with you. Acts xiv. 15. The nature of the human mind can not be sufficiently understood, without considering the affections and passions, or those modifications or actions of the mind consequent upon the apprehension of certain objects or events in which the mind generally conceives good or evil. Hutcheson. The term passion, and its adverb passionately, often express a very strong predilection for any pursuit, or object of taste — a kind of enthusiastic fondness for anything. Cogan. The bravery of his grief did put me Into a towering passion. Shak. The ruling passion, be it what it will, The ruling passion conquers reason still. Pope. Who walked in every path of human life, Felt every passion. Akenside. When statesmen are ruled by faction and interest, they can have no passion for the glory of their country. Addison.

5. Disorder of the mind; madness. [Obs.] Shak.

6. Passion week. See Passion week, below. R. of Gl. Passion flower (Bot.), any flower or plant of the genus Passiflora; — so named from a fancied resemblance of parts of the flower to the instruments of our Savior's crucifixion.

Note: The flowers are showy, and the fruit is sometimes highly esteemed (see Granadilla, and Maypop). The roots and leaves are generally more or less noxious, and are used in medicine. The plants are mostly tendril climbers, and are commonest in the warmer parts of America, though a few species are Asiatic or Australian. Passion music (Mus.), originally, music set to the gospel narrative of the passion of our Lord; after the Reformation, a kind of oratorio, with narrative, chorals, airs, and choruses, having for its theme the passion and crucifixion of Christ. — Passion play, a mystery play, in which the scenes connected with the passion of our Savior are represented dramatically. — Passion Sunday (Eccl.), the fifth Sunday in Lent, or the second before Easter. — Passion Week, the last week but one in Lent, or the second week preceding Easter. "The name of Passion week is frequently, but improperly, applied to Holy Week." Shipley.

Syn. — Passion, Feeling, Emotion. When any feeling or emotion completely masters the mind, we call it a passion; as, a passion for music, dress, etc.; especially is anger (when thus extreme) called passion. The mind, in such cases, is considered as having lost its self- control, and become the passive instrument of the feeling in question.

PASSION
Pas"sion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Passioned; p.pr & vb. n. Passioning.]

Defn: To give a passionate character to. [R.] Keats.

PASSION
Pas"sion, v. i.

Defn: To suffer pain or sorrow; to experience a passion; to be extremely agitated. [Obs.] "Dumbly she passions, frantically she doteth." Shak.

PASSIONAL
Pas"sion*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to passion or the passions; exciting, influenced by, or ministering to, the passions. — n.

Defn: A passionary.

PASSIONARY
Pas"sion*a*ry, n. Etym: [L. passionarius: cf. F. passionaire.]

Defn: A book in which are described the sufferings of saints and martyrs. T. Warton.

PASSIONATE
Pas"sion*ate, a. Etym: [LL. passionatus: cf. F. passionné.]

1. Capable or susceptible of passion, or of different passions; easily moved, excited or agitated; specifically, easily moved to anger; irascible; quick-tempered; as, a passionate nature. Homer's Achilles is haughty and passionate. Prior.

2. Characterized by passion; expressing passion; ardent in feeling or desire; vehement; warm; as, a passionate friendship. "The passionate Pilgrim." Shak.

3. Suffering; sorrowful. [Obs.] Shak.

PASSIONATE
Pas"sion*ate, v. i.

1. To affect with passion; to impassion. [Obs.] Great pleasure, mixed with pitiful regard, The godly kind and queen did passionate. Spenser.

2. To express feelingly or sorrowfully. [Obs.] Shak.

PASSIONATELY
Pas"sion*ate*ly, adv.

1. In a passionate manner; with strong feeling; ardently. Sorrow expresses itself . . . loudly and passionately. South.

2. Angrily; irascibly. Locke.

PASSIONATENESS
Pas"sion*ate*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being passionate.

PASSIONIST
Pas"sion*ist, n. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A member of a religious order founded in Italy in 1737, and introduced into the United States in 1852. The members of the order unite the austerities of the Trappists with the activity and zeal of the Jesuits and Lazarists. Called also Barefooted Clerks of the Most Holy Cross.

PASSIONLESS
Pas"sion*less, a.

Defn: Void of passion; without anger or emotion; not easily excited; calm. "Self-contained and passionless." Tennyson.

PASSIONTIDE
Pas"sion*tide`, n. Etym: [Passion + tide time.]

Defn: The last fortnight of Lent.

PASSIVE
Pas"sive, a. Etym: [L. passivus: cf. F. passif. See Passion.]

1. Not active, but acted upon; suffering or receiving impressions or influences; as, they were passive spectators, not actors in the scene. The passive air Upbore their nimble tread. Milton. The mind is wholly passive in the reception of all its simple ideas. Locke.

2. Receiving or enduring without either active sympathy or active resistance; without emotion or excitement; patient; not opposing; unresisting; as, passive obedience; passive submission. The best virtue, passive fortitude. Massinger.

3. (Chem.)

Defn: Inactive; inert; not showing strong affinity; as, red phosphorus is comparatively passive.

4. (Med.)

Defn: Designating certain morbid conditions, as hemorrhage or dropsy, characterized by relaxation of the vessels and tissues, with deficient vitality and lack of reaction in the affected tissues. Passive congestion (Med.), congestion due to obstruction to the return of the blood from the affected part. — Passive iron (Chem.), iron which has been subjected to the action of heat, of strong nitric acid, chlorine, etc. It is then not easily acted upon by acids. — Passive movement (Med.), a movement of a part, in order to exercise it, made without the assistance of the muscles which ordinarily move the part. — Passive obedience (as used by writers on government), obedience or submission of the subject or citizen as a duty in all cases to the existing government. — Passive prayer, among mystic divines, a suspension of the activity of the soul or intellectual faculties, the soul remaining quiet, and yielding only to the impulses of grace. — Passive verb, or Passive voice (Gram.), a verb, or form of a verb, which expresses the effect of the action of some agent; as, in Latin, doceor, I am taught; in English, she is loved; the picture is admired by all; he is assailed by slander.

Syn. — Inactive; inert; quiescent; unresisting; unopposing; suffering; enduring; submissive; patient.

PASSIVE BALLOON; PASSIVE AEROPLANE
Pas"sive bal*loon" or a"ër*o*plane.

Defn: One unprovided with motive power.

PASSIVE FLIGHT
Passive flight.

Defn: Flight, such as gliding and soaring, accomplished without the use of motive power.

PASSIVELY
Pas"sive*ly, adv.

1. In a passive manner; inertly; unresistingly.

2. As a passive verb; in the passive voice.

PASSIVENESS
Pas"sive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being passive; unresisting submission. To be an effect implies passiveness, or the being subject to the power and action of its cause. J. Edwards.

PASSIVITY
Pas*siv"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. passivité.]

1. Passiveness; — opposed to activity. Jer. Taylor.

2. (Physics)

Defn: The tendency of a body to remain in a given state, either of motion or rest, till disturbed by another body; inertia. Cheyne.

3. (Chem.)

Defn: The quality or condition of any substance which has no inclination to chemical activity; inactivity.

PASS-KEY
Pass"-key`, n.

Defn: A key for opening more locks than one; a master key.

PASSLESS
Pass"less, a.

Defn: Having no pass; impassable. Cowley.

PASSMAN
Pass"man, n.; pl. Passmen (.

Defn: One who passes for a degree, without honors. See Classman, 2.
[Eng. Univ.]

PASSOVER Pass"o`ver, n. Etym: [Pass + over. See Pasch.] (Jewish Antiq.) (a) A feast of the Jews, instituted to commemorate the sparing of the Hebrews in Egypt, when God, smiting the firstborn of the Egyptians, passed over the houses of the Israelites which were marked with the blood of a lamb. (b) The sacrifice offered at the feast of the passover; the paschal lamb. Ex. xii.

PASS-PAROLE
Pass`-pa*role", n. Etym: [F. passe-parole.] (Mil.)

Defn: An order passed from front to rear by word of mouth.

PASSPORT
Pass"port (, n. Etym: [F. passeport, orig., a permission to leave a
port or to sail into it; passer to pass + port a port, harbor. See
Pass, and Port a harbor.]

1. Permission to pass; a document given by the competent officer of a state, permitting the person therein named to pass or travel from place to place, without molestation, by land or by water. Caution in granting passports to Ireland. Clarendon.

2. A document carried by neutral merchant vessels in time of war, to certify their nationality and protect them from belligerents; a sea letter.

3. A license granted in time of war for the removal of persons and effects from a hostile country; a safe-conduct. Burrill.

4. Figuratively: Anything which secures advancement and general acceptance. Sir P. Sidney. His passport is his innocence and grace. Dryden.

PASSUS
Pas"sus, n.; pl. L. Passus, E. Passuses (. Etym: [L., a step, a pace.
See Pace.]

Defn: A division or part; a canto; as, the passus of Piers Plowman.
See 2d Fit.

PASSWORD
Pass"word`, n.

Defn: A word to be given before a person is allowed to pass; a watchword; a countersign. Macaulay.

PASSYMEASURE
Pas"sy*meas`ure, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. It. passamezzo.] [Obs.]

Defn: See Paspy. Shak.

PAST
Past, a. Etym: [From Pass, v.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a former time or state; neither present nor future; gone by; elapsed; ended; spent; as, past troubles; past offences. "Past ages." Milton. Past master. See under Master.

PAST
Past, n.

Defn: A former time or state; a state of things gone by. "The past, at least, is secure." D. Webster. The present is only intelligible in the light of the past, often a very remote past indeed. Trench.

PAST
Past, prep.

1. Beyond, in position, or degree; further than; beyond the reach or influence of. "Who being past feeling." Eph. iv. 19. "Galled past endurance." Macaulay. Until we be past thy borders. Num. xxi. 22. Love, when once past government, is consequently past shame. L'Estrange.

2. Beyond, in time; after; as, past the hour. Is it not past two o'clock Shak.

3. Above; exceeding; more than. [R.] Not past three quarters of a mile. Shak. Bows not past three quarters of a yard long. Spenser.

PAST
Past, adv.

Defn: By; beyond; as, he ran past.
The alarum of drums swept past. Longfellow.

PASTE
Paste, n. Etym: [OF. paste, F. pâte, L. pasta, fr. Gr. Pasty, n.,
Patty.]

1. A soft composition, as of flour moistened with water or milk, or of earth moistened to the consistence of dough, as in making potter's ware.

2. Specifically, in cookery, a dough prepared for the crust of pies and the like; pastry dough.

3. A kind of cement made of flour and water, starch and water, or the like, — used for uniting paper or other substances, as in bookbinding, etc., — also used in calico printing as a vehicle for mordant or color.

4. A highly refractive vitreous composition, variously colored, used in making imitations of precious stones or gems. See Strass.

5. A soft confection made of the inspissated juice of fruit, licorice, or the like, with sugar, etc.

6. (Min.)

Defn: The mineral substance in which other minerals are imbedded.
Paste eel (Zoöl.), the vinegar eel. See under Vinegar.

PASTE
Paste, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Pasting.]

Defn: To unite with paste; to fasten or join by means of paste.

PASTEBOARD
Paste"board`, n.

1. A stiff thick kind of paper board, formed of several single sheets pasted one upon another, or of paper macerated and pressed into molds, etc.

2. (Cookery)

Defn: A board on which pastry dough is rolled; a molding board.

PASTEL
Pas"tel, n. Etym: [F.; cf. It. pastello. Cf. Pastil.]

1. A crayon made of a paste composed of a color ground with gum water. [Sometimes incorrectly written pastil.] "Charming heads in pastel." W. Black.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant affording a blue dye; the woad (Isatis tinctoria); also, the dye itself.

PASTER
Past"er, n.

1. One who pastes; as, a paster in a government department.

2. A slip of paper, usually bearing a name, intended to be pasted by the voter, as a substitute, over another name on a printed ballot. [Cant, U.S.]

PASTERN Pas"tern, n. Etym: [Of. pasturon, F. pâturon, fr. OF. pasture a tether, for beasts while pasturing; prop., a pasturing. See Pasture.]

1. The part of the foot of the horse, and allied animals, between the fetlock and the coffin joint. See Illust. of Horse.

Note: The upper bone, or phalanx, of the foot is called the great pastern bone; the second, the small pastern bone; and the third, in the hoof, the coffin bone. Pastern joint, the joint in the hoof of the horse, and allied animals, between the great and small pastern bones.

2. A shackle for horses while pasturing. Knight.

3. A patten. [Obs.] Dryden.

PASTEURIAN
Pas*teur"i*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Pasteur.

PASTEURISM
Pas*teur"ism, n. Etym: [Fr. Pasteur, a French scientist.]

1. A method of treatment, devised by Pasteur, for preventing certain diseases, as hydrophobia, by successive inoculations with an attenuated virus of gradually increasing strength.

2. Pasteurization.

PASTEURIZATION
Pas*teur`i*za"tion, n.

Defn: A process devised by Pasteur for preventing or checking fermentation in fluids, such as wines, milk, etc., by exposure to a temperature of 140º F., thus destroying the vitality of the contained germs or ferments.

PASTEURIZE
Pas*teur"ize, v. t.

1. To subject to pasteurization.

2. To treat by pasteurizm.

PASTEURIZER
Pas"teur*iz`er, n.

Defn: One that Pasteurizes, specif. an apparatus for heating and agitating, fluid.

PASTEUR'S FLUID
Pas`teur's" flu"id. (Biol.)

Defn: An artificial nutrient fluid invented by Pasteur for the study of alcoholic fermentation, but used also for the cultivation of bacteria and other organisms. It contains all the elements of protoplasm, and was originally made of the ash of yeast, some ammonia compound, sugar, and water.

PASTICCIO
Pas*tic"ci*o, n. Etym: [It., fr. pasta. See Paste.]

1. A medley; an olio. [R.] H. Swinburne.

2. (Fine Arts) (a) A work of art imitating directly the work of another artist, or of more artists than one. (b) A falsified work of art, as a vase or statue made up of parts of original works, with missing parts supplied.

PASTIL; PASTILLE Pas"til, Pas*tille", n. Etym: [F. pastille, L. pastillusa pastus food. See Pasture, and cf. Pastel.]

1. (Pharmacy)

Defn: A small cone or mass made of paste of gum, benzoin, cinnamon, and other aromatics, — used for fumigating or scenting the air of a room.

2. An aromatic or medicated lozenge; a troche.

3. See Pastel, a crayon.

PASTIME
Pas"time`, n. Etym: [Pass + time: cf. F. passetemps.]

Defn: That which amuses, and serves to make time pass agreeably; sport; amusement; diversion.

PASTIME
Pas"time`, v. i.

Defn: To sport; to amuse one's self. [R.]

PASTOR
Pas"tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. pascere, pastum, to pasture, to feed. Cf.
Pabulum, Pasture, Food.]

1. A shepherd; one who has the care of flocks and herds.

2. A guardian; a keeper; specifically (Eccl.), a minister having the charge of a church and parish.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of starling (Pastor roseus), native of the plains of Western Asia and Eastern Europe. Its head is crested and glossy greenish black, and its back is rosy. It feeds largely upon locusts.

PASTORAGE
Pas"tor*age, n.

Defn: The office, jurisdiction, or duty, of a pastor; pastorate.

PASTORAL
Pas"tor*al, a. Etym: [L. pastoralis: cf. F. pastoral. See Pastor.]

1. Of or pertaining to shepherds; hence, relating to rural life and scenes; as, a pastoral life.

2. Relating to the care of souls, or to the pastor of a church; as, pastoral duties; a pastoral letter. Pastoral staff (Eccl.), a staff, usually of the form of a shepherd's crook, borne as an official emblem by a bishop, abbot, abbess, or other prelate privileged to carry it. See Crook, and Crosier. — Pastoral Theology, that part of theology which treats of the duties of pastors.

PASTORAL
Pas"tor*al, n.

1. A poem describing the life and manners of shepherds; a poem in which the speakers assume the character of shepherds; an idyl; a bucolic. A pastoral is a poem in which any action or passion is represented by its effects on a country life. Rambler.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: A cantata relating to rural life; a composition for instruments characterized by simplicity and sweetness; a lyrical composition the subject of which is taken from rural life. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

3. (Eccl.)

Defn: A letter of a pastor to his charge; specifically, a letter addressed by a bishop to his diocese; also (Prot. Epis. Ch.), a letter of the House of Bishops, to be read in each parish.

PASTORALE
Pas`to*ra"le, n. Etym: [It.]

1. (Mus.)

Defn: A composition in a soft, rural style, generally in 6-8 or 12-8 time.

2. A kind of dance; a kind of figure used in a dance.

PASTORALLY
Pas"tor*al*ly, adv.

1. In a pastoral or rural manner.

2. In the manner of a pastor.

PASTORATE
Pas"tor*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pastorat. See Pastor.]

Defn: The office, state, or jurisdiction of a pastor.

PASTORIUM
Pas*to"ri*um, n. [See Pastor; cf. Auditorium.]

Defn: A parsonage; — so called in some Baptist churches. [Southern
U. S.]

PASTORLESS
Pas"tor*less, a.

Defn: Having no pastor.

PASTORLING
Pas"tor*ling, n.

Defn: An insignificant pastor. [R.]

PASTORLY
Pas"tor*ly, a.

Defn: Appropriate to a pastor. Milton.

PASTORSHIP
Pas"tor*ship, n.

Defn: Pastorate. Bp. Bull.

PASTRY
Pas"try, n.; pl. Pastries (.

1. The place where pastry is made. [Obs.] Shak.

2. Articles of food made of paste, or having a crust made of paste, as pies, tarts, etc. Pastry cook, one whose occupation is to make pastry; as, the pastry cook of a hotel.

PASTURABLE
Pas"tur*a*ble, a.

Defn: Fit for pasture.

PASTURAGE
Pas"tur*age, n. Etym: [OF. pasturage, F. pâturage. See Pasture.]

1. Grazing ground; grass land used for pasturing; pasture.

2. Grass growing for feed; grazing.

3. The business of feeding or grazing cattle.

PASTURE Pas"ture, n. Etym: [OF. pasture, F. pâture, L. pastura, fr. pascere, pastum, to pasture, to feed. See Pastor.]

1. Food; nourishment. [Obs.] Toads and frogs his pasture poisonous. Spenser.

2. Specifically: Grass growing for the food of cattle; the food of cattle taken by grazing.

3. Grass land for cattle, horses, etc.; pasturage. He maketh me to lie down in green pastures. Ps. xxiii. 2. So graze as you find pasture. Shak.

PASTURE
Pas"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pastured; p. pr. & vb. n. Pasturing.]

Defn: To feed, esp. to feed on growing grass; to supply grass as food for; as, the farmer pastures fifty oxen; the land will pasture forty cows.

PASTURE
Pas"ture, v. i.

Defn: To feed on growing grass; to graze.

PASTURELESS
Pas"ture*less, a.

Defn: Destitute of pasture. Milton.

PASTURER
Pas"tur*er, n.

Defn: One who pastures; one who takes cattle to graze. See Agister.

PASTY
Pas"ty, a.

Defn: Like paste, as in color, softness, stickness. "A pasty complexion." G. Eliot.

PASTY Pas"ty, n.; pl. Pasties. Etym: [OF. pasté, F. pâté. See Paste, and cf. Patty.]

Defn: A pie consisting usually of meat wholly surrounded with a crust
made of a sheet of paste, and often baked without a dish; a meat pie.
"If ye pinch me like a pasty." Shak. "Apple pasties." Dickens.
A large pasty baked in a pewter platter. Sir W. Scott.

PAT
Pat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Patted; p. pr. & vb. n. Patting.] Etym: [Cf.
G. patschen, Prov. G. patzen, to strike, tap.]

Defn: To strike gently with the fingers or hand; to stroke lightly; to tap; as, to pat a dog. Gay pats my shoulder, and you vanish quite. Pope.

PAT
Pat, n.

1. A light, quik blow or stroke with the fingers or hand; a tap.

2. A small mass, as of butter, shaped by pats. It looked like a tessellated work of pats of butter. Dickens.

PAT Pat, a. Etym: [Cf. pat a light blow, D. te pas convenient, pat, where pas is fr. F. passer to pass.]

Defn: Exactly suitable; fit; convenient; timely. "Pat allusion."
Barrow.

PAT
Pat, adv.

Defn: In a pat manner.
I foresaw then 't would come in pat hereafter. Sterne.

PATACA
Pa*ta"ca, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: The Spanish dollar; — called also patacoon. [Obs.]

PATACHE
Pa`tache", n. Etym: [F. & Sp. patache, P. patacho.] (Naut.)

Defn: A tender to a fleet, formerly used for conveying men, orders, or treasure. [Spain & Portugal]

PATACOON
Pa`ta*coon", n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: See Pataca.

PATAGIUM
Pa*ta"gi*um, n.; pl. Patagia. Etym: [L., an edge or border.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: In bats, an expansion of the integument uniting the fore limb with the body and extending between the elongated fingers to form the wing; in birds, the similar fold of integument uniting the fore limb with the body.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a pair of small vesicular organs situated at the bases of the anterior wings of lepidopterous insects. See Illust. of Butterfly.

PATAGONIAN
Pat`a*go"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Patagonia.
— n.

Defn: A native of Patagonia.

PATAMAR
Pat"a*mar, n. Etym: [From the native name.] (Naut.)

Defn: A vessel resembling a grab, used in the coasting trade of
Bombay and Ceylon. [Written also pattemar.]

PATAS
Pa*tas", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A West African long-tailed monkey (Cercopithecus ruber); the red monkey.

PATAVINITY Pat`a*vin"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. patavinitas, fr. Patavium: cf. F. patavinité]

Defn: The use of local or provincial words, as in the peculiar style or diction of Livy, the Roman historian; — so called from Patavium, now Padua, the place of Livy's nativity.

PATCH Patch, n. Etym: [OE. pacche; of uncertain origin, perh. for placche; cf. Prov. E. platch patch, LG. plakk, plakke.]

1. A piece of cloth, or other suitable material, sewed or otherwise fixed upon a garment to repair or strengthen it, esp. upon an old garment to cover a hole. Patches set upon a little breach. Shak.

2. Hence: A small piece of anything used to repair a breach; as, a patch on a kettle, a roof, etc.

3. A small piece of black silk stuck on the face, or neck, to hide a defect, or to heighten beauty. Your black patches you wear variously. Beau. & Fl.

4. (Gun.)

Defn: A piece of greased cloth or leather used as wrapping for a rifle ball, to make it fit the bore.

5. Fig.: Anything regarded as a patch; a small piece of ground; a tract; a plot; as, scattered patches of trees or growing corn. Employed about this patch of ground. Bunyan.

6. (Mil.)

Defn: A block on the muzzle of a gun, to do away with the effect of dispart, in sighting.

7. A paltry fellow; a rogue; a ninny; a fool. [Obs. or Colloq.] "Thou scurvy patch." Shak. Patch ice, ice in overlapping pieces in the sea. — Soft patch, a patch for covering a crack in a metallic vessel, as a steam boiler, consisting of soft material, as putty, covered and held in place by a plate bolted or riveted fast.

PATCH
Patch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Patched; p. pr. & vb. n. Patching.]

1. To mend by sewing on a piece or pieces of cloth, leather, or the like; as, to patch a coat.

2. To mend with pieces; to repair with pieces festened on; to repair clumsily; as, to patch the roof of a house.

3. To adorn, as the face, with a patch or patches. Ladies who patched both sides of their faces. Spectator.

4. To make of pieces or patches; to repair as with patches; to arrange in a hasty or clumsy manner; — generally with up; as, to patch up a truce. "If you'll patch a quarrel." Shak.

PATCHER
Patch"er, n.

Defn: One who patches or botches. Foxe.

PATCHERY
Patch"er*y, n.

Defn: Botchery; covering of defects; bungling; hypocrisy. [R.] Shak.

PATCHINGLY
Patch"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: Knavishy; deceitfully. [Obs.]

PATCHOULI; PATCHOULY
Pa*tchou"li, Pa*tchou"ly, n. Etym: [CF. F. patchouli; prob. of East
Indian origin.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A mintlike plant (Pogostemon Patchouli) of the East Indies, yielding an essential oil from which a highly valued perfume is made.

2. The perfume made from this plant. Patchouly camphor (Chem.), a substance homologous with and resembling borneol, found in patchouly oil.

PATCHWORK
Patch"work`, n.

Defn: Work composed of pieces sewed together, esp. pieces of various colors and figures; hence, anything put together of incongruous or ill-adapted parts; something irregularly clumsily composed; a thing putched up. Swift.

PATCHY
Patch"y, a.

Defn: Full of, or covered with, patches; abounding in patches.

PATE
Pa`té", a. (Her.)

Defn: See Patté.

PATE
Pa`té", n. Etym: [F. pâté.]

1. A pie. See Patty.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: A kind of platform with a parapet, usually of an oval form, and generally erected in marshy grounds to cover a gate of a fortified place. [R.]

PATE Pate, n. Etym: [Cf. LG. & Prov. G. pattkopf, patzkopf, scabby head; patt, patz, scab + kopf head.]

1. The head of a person; the top, or crown, of the head. [Now generally used in contempt or ridicule.] His mischief shall return upon his own head, and his violent dealing shall come down upon his own pate. Ps. vii. 16. Fat paunches have lean pate. Shak.

2. The skin of a calf's head.

PATED
Pat"ed, a.

Defn: Having a pate; — used only in composition; as, long-pated; shallow-pated.

PATEE
Pa*tee", n.

Defn: See Pattee.

PATEFACTION Pat`e*fac"tion, n. Etym: [L. patefactio, fr. patefacere to open; patere to lie open + facere to make.]

Defn: The act of opening, disclosing, or manifesting; open declaration. Jer. Taylor.

PATELA
Pat"e*la, n. Etym: [Hind. patela.]

Defn: A large flat-bottomed trading boat peculiar to the river
Ganges; — called also puteli.

PATELLA Pa*tel"la, n.; pl. Patellæ. Etym: [L., a small pan, the kneepan, dim. of patina, patena, a pan, dish.]

1. A small dish, pan, or vase.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The kneepan; the cap of the knee.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of marine gastropods, including many species of limpets. The shell has the form of a flattened cone. The common European limpet (Patella vulgata) is largely used for food.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of apothecium in lichens, which is orbicular, flat, and sessile, and has a special rim not a part of the thallus.

PATELLAR
Pa*tel"lar, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the patella, or kneepan.

PATELLIFORM
Pa*tel"li*form, a. Etym: [Patella + form: cf. F. pattelliforme.]

1. Having the form of a patella.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling a limpet of the genus Patella.

PATELLULA
Pa*tel"lu*la, n.; pl. Patellulæ. Etym: [NL., dim. of L. patella. See
Patella.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A cuplike sucker on the feet of certain insects.

PATEN Pat"en, n. Etym: [LL. patina, patena, fr. L. patina, patena, a pan; cf. L. patere to be open, E. patent, and Gr. patène. Cf. Patina.]

1. A plate. [Obs.]

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: The place on which the consecrated bread is placed in the
Eucharist, or on which the host is placed during the Mass. It is
usually small, and formed as to fit the chalice, or cup, as a cover.
[Written also patin, patine.]

PATENA
Pat"e*na, n. Etym: [LL.] (Eccl.)

Defn: A paten.

PATENA
Pa*te"na, n. Etym: [Cf. Pg. patena a paten.]

Defn: A grassy expanse in the hill region of Ceylon.

PATENCY
Pa"ten*cy, n. Etym: [See Patent.]

1. The condition of being open, enlarged, or spread.

2. The state of being patent or evident.

PATENT Pat"ent (pât"ent or pat"ent), a. Etym: [L. patens, -entis, p.pr. of patere to be open: cf. F. patent. Cf. Fathom.]

1.

Note: (Oftener pronounced pat"ent in this sense)

Defn: Open; expanded; evident; apparent; unconcealed; manifest;
public; conspicuous.
He had received instructions, both patent and secret. Motley.

2. Open to public perusal; — said of a document conferring some right or privilege; as, letters patent. See Letters patent, under 3d Letter.

3. Appropriated or protected by letters patent; secured by official authority to the exclusive possession, control, and disposal of some person or party; patented; as, a patent right; patent medicines. Madder . . . in King Charles the First's time, was made a patent commodity. Mortimer.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: Spreading; forming a nearly right angle with the steam or branch; as, a patent leaf. Patent leather, a varnished or lacquered leather, used for boots and shoes, and in carriage and harness work. — Patent office, a government bureau for the examination of inventions and the granting of patents. — Patent right. (a) The exclusive right to an invention, and the control of its manufacture. (b) (Law) The right, granted by the sovereign, of exclusive control of some business of manufacture, or of the sale of certain articles, or of certain offices or prerogatives. — Patent rolls, the registers, or records, of patents.

PATENT
Pat"ent, n. Etym: [Cf. F. patente. See Patent, a.]

1. A letter patent, or letters patent; an official document, issued by a sovereign power, conferring a right or privilege on some person or party. Specifically: (a) A writing securing to an invention. (b) A document making a grant and conveyance of public lands. Four other gentlemen of quality remained mentioned in that patent. Fuller.

Note: In the United States, by the act of 1870, patents for inventions are issued for seventeen years, without the privilege of renewal except by act of Congress.

2. The right or privilege conferred by such a document; hence, figuratively, a right, privilege, or license of the nature of a patent. If you are so fond over her iniquity, give her patent to offend. Shak.

PATENT
Pat"ent, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Patented; p. pr. & vb. n. Patenting.]

Defn: To grant by patent; to make the subject of a patent; to secure or protect by patent; as, to patent an invention; to patent public lands.

PATENTABLE
Pat"ent*a*ble, a.

Defn: Suitable to be patented; capable of being patented.

PATENTEE
Pat`ent*ee", n.

Defn: One to whom a grant is made, or a privilege secured, by patent.
Bacon.

PATENT-HAMMERED
Pat"ent-ham"mered, a. (Stone Cutting)

Defn: Having a surface dressed by cutting with a hammer the head of which consists of broad thin chisels clamped together.

PATENTLY
Pat"ent*ly (; see Patent, a.), adv.

Defn: Openly; evidently.

PATERA
Pat"e*ra, n.; pl. Pateræ(. Etym: [ L., fr. patere to lie open.]

1. A saucerlike vessel of earthenware or metal, used by the Greeks and Romans in libations and sacrificies.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: A circular ornament, resembling a dish, often worked in relief on friezes, and the like.

PATERERO
Pat`e*re"ro, n.

Defn: See Pederero. [Obs.]

PATERFAMILIAS Pa`ter*fa*mil`i*as, n.; pl. Pateresfamilias. Etym: [L., fr. pater father + familias, gen. of familia family.] (Rom. Law)

Defn: The head of a family; in a large sense, the proprietor of an estate; one who is his own master.

PATERNAL Pa*ter"nal, a. Etym: [L. paternus, fr. pater a father: cf. F. paternel. See Father.]

1. Of or pertaining to a father; fatherly; showing the disposition of a father; guiding or instructing as a father; as, paternal care. "Under paternal rule." Milton.

2. Received or derived from a father; hereditary; as, a paternal estate. Their small paternal field of corn. Dryden. Paternal government (Polit. Science), the assumption by the governing power of a quasi-fatherly relation to the people, involving strict and intimate supervision of their business and social concerns, upon the theory that they are incapable of managing their own afffairs.

PATERNALISM
Pa*ter"nal*ism, n. (Polit. Science)

Defn: The theory or practice of paternal government. See Paternal government, under Paternal. London Times.

PATERNALLY
Pa*ter"nal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a paternal manner.

PATERNITY
Pa*ter"ni*ty, n. Etym: [L. paternitas: cf. F. paternité. See
Paternal.]

1. The relation of a father to his child; fathership; fatherhood; family headship; as, the divine paternity. The world, while it had scarcity of people, underwent no other dominion than paternity and eldership. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. Derivation or descent from a father; male parentage; as, the paternity of a child.

3. Origin; authorship. The paternity of these novels was . . . disputed. Sir W. Scott.

PATERNOSTER
Pa"ter*nos`ter, n. Etym: [L., Our Father.]

1. The Lord's prayer, so called from the first two words of the Latin version.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: A beadlike ornament in moldings.

3. (Angling)

Defn: A line with a row of hooks and bead Paternoster pump,
Paternoster wheel, a chain pump; a noria.
— Paternoster while, the space of time required for repeating a
paternoster. Udall.

PATESI
Pa*te"si, n. [Assyrian.] (Babylonian Antiq.)

Defn: A religious as well as a secular designation applied to rulers of some of the city states of ancient Chaldea, as Lagash or Shirpurla, who were conceived to be direct representatives of the tutelary god of the place.

PATH Path, n.; pl. Paths. Etym: [As. pad, G. pfad, of uncertain origin; cf. Gr. patha, path. sq. root21.]

1. A trodden way; a footway. The dewy paths of meadows we will tread. Dryden.

2. A way, course, or track, in which anything moves or has moved; route; passage; an established way; as, the path of a meteor, of a caravan, of a storm, of a pestilence. Also used figuratively, of a course of life or action. All the paths of the Lord are mercy and truth. Ps. xxv. 10. The paths of glory lead but to the grave. Gray.

PATH
Path, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pathed; pr.p. & vb. n. Pathing.]

Defn: To make a path in, or on (something), or for (some one). [R.]
"Pathing young Henry's unadvised ways." Drayton.

PATH
Path, v. i.

Defn: To walk or go. [R.] Shak.

PATHEMATIC
Path`e*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, emotion or suffering. [R.]
Chalmers.

PATHETIC
Pa*thet"ic, a. Etym: [L. patheticus, Gr. pathétique. See Pathos.]

1. Expressing or showing anger; passionate. [Obs.]

2. Affecting or moving the tender emotions, esp. pity or grief; full of pathos; as, a pathetic song or story. "Pathetic action." Macaulay. No theory of the passions can teach a man to be pathetic. E. Porter. Pathetic muscle (Anat.), the superior oblique muscle of the eye. — Pathetic nerve (Anat.), the fourth cranial, or trochlear, nerve, which supplies the superior oblique, or pathetic, muscle of the eye. — The pathetic, a style or manner adapted to arouse the tender emotions.

PATHETICAL
Pa*thet"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pathetic. [R.] — Pa*thet"ic*al*ly, adv.
— Pa*thet"ic*al*ness, n.

PATHETISM
Path"e*tism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pathétisme.]

Defn: See Mesmerism. L. Sunderland.

PATHFINDER
Path"find`er, n.

Defn: One who discovers a way or path; one who explores untraversed
regions.
The cow is the true pathfinder and pathmaker. J. Burroughs.

PATHIC
Path"ic, n. Etym: [L. pathicus, Gr.

Defn: A male who submits to the crime against nature; a catamite.
[R.] B. Jonson.

PATHIC
Path"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Passive; suffering.

PATHLESS
Path"less, a.

Defn: Having no beaten path or way; untrodden; impenetrable; as,
pathless woods.
Trough the heavens' wide, pathless way. Milton.

PATHMAKER
Path"mak`er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, makes a way or path.

PATHOGENE
Path"o*gene, n. Etym: [See Pathogenic.] (Biol.)

Defn: One of a class of virulent microörganisms or bacteria found in the tissues and fluids in infectious diseases, and supposed to be the cause of the disease; a pathogenic organism; a pathogenic bacterium; — opposed to zymogene.

PATHOGENESIS
Path`o*gen"e*sis, n. (Med.)

Defn: Pathogeny.

PATHOGENETIC
Path`o*ge*net"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Pathogenic.

PATHOGENIC
Path`o*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med. & Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to pathogeny; producting disease; as, a pathogenic organism; a pathogenic bacterium.

PATHOGENY Pa*thog"e*ny, n. (Med.) (a) The generation, and method of development, of disease; as, the pathogeny of yellow fever is unsettled. (b) That branch of pathology which treats of the generation and development of disease.

PATHOGNOMONIC
Pa*thog`no*mon"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. pathognomonique. See Gnomic.] (Med.)

Defn: Specially or decisively characteristic of a disease; indicating with certainty a disease; as, a pathognomonic symptom. The true pathognomonic sign of love jealousy. Arbuthnot.

PATHOGNOMY
Pa*thog"no*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Expression of the passions; the science of the signs by which human passions are indicated.

PATHOLOGIC; PATHOLOGICAL
Path`o*log"ic, Path`o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. pathologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to pathology.
— Path`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

PATHOLOGIST
Pa*thol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pathologiste.]

Defn: One skilled in pathology; an investigator in pathology; as, the pathologist of a hospital, whose duty it is to determine the causes of the diseases.

PATHOLOGY Pa*thol"o*gy, n.; pl. Pathologies. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. pathologie.] (Med.)

Defn: The science which treats of diseases, their nature, causes, progress, symptoms, etc.

Note: Pathology is general or special, according as it treats of disease or morbid processes in general, or of particular diseases; it is also subdivided into internal and external, or medical and surgical pathology. Its departments are nosology, ætiology, morbid anatomy, symptomatology, and therapeutics, which treat respectively of the classification, causation, organic changes, symptoms, and cure of diseases. Celluar pathology, a theory that gives prominence to the vital action of cells in the healthy and diseased function of the body. Virchow.

PATHOPOELA
Path`o*poe"la, n.; pl. -ias. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A speech, or figure of speech, designed to move the passion.
Smart.

PATHOS
Pa"thos, n. Etym: [L., from Gr. pati to suffer, E. patient.]

Defn: That quality or property of anything which touches the feelings or excites emotions and passions, esp., that which awakens tender emotions, such as pity, sorrow, and the like; contagious warmth of feeling, action, or expression; pathetic quality; as, the pathos of a picture, of a poem, or of a cry. The combination of incident, and the pathos of catastrophe. T. Warton.

PATHWAY
Path"way n.

Defn: A footpath; a beaten track; any path or course. Also used
figuratively. Shak.
In the way of righteousness is life; and in the pathway thereof is no
death. Prov. xii. 28.
We tread the pathway arm in arm. Sir W. Scott.

PATIBLE
Pat"i*ble, a. Etym: [L. patibilis, fr. pati to suffer.]

Defn: Sufferable; tolerable; endurable. [Obs.] Bailey.

PATIBULARY Pa*tib"u*la*ry, a. Etym: [L. patibulum a gallows: cf. F. patibulaire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the gallows, or to execution. [R.] Carlyle.

PATIBULATED
Pa*tib"u*la`ted, a.

Defn: Hanged on a gallows. [R.]

PATIENCE
Pa"tience, n. Etym: [F. patience, fr. L. patientia. See Patient.]

1. The state or quality of being patient; the power of suffering with fortitude; uncomplaining endurance of evils or wrongs, as toil, pain, poverty, insult, oppression, calamity, etc. Strenthened with all might, . . . unto all patience and long- suffering. Col. i. 11. I must have patience to endure the load. Shak. Who hath learned lowliness From his Lord's cradle, patience from his cross. Keble.

2. The act or power of calmly or contentedly waiting for something due or hoped for; forbearance. Have patience with me, and I will pay thee all. Matt. xviii. 29.

3. Constancy in labor or application; perseverance. He learned with patience, and with meekness taught. Harte.

4. Sufferance; permission. [Obs.] Hooker. They stay upon your patience. Shak.

5. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of dock (Rumex Patientia), less common in America than in Europe; monk's rhubarb.

6. (Card Playing)

Defn: Solitaire.

Syn. — Patience, Resignation. Patience implies the quietness or self- possession of one's own spirit under sufferings, provocations, etc.; resignation implies submission to the will of another. The Stoic may have patience; the Christian should have both patience and resignation.

PATIENT Pa"tient, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. patiens, -entis, p.pr. of pati to suffer. Cf. Pathos, Passion.]

1. Having the quality of enduring; physically able to suffer or bear. Patient of severest toil and hardship. Bp. Fell.

2. Undergoing pains, trails, or the like, without murmuring or fretfulness; bearing up with equanimity against trouble; long- suffering.

3. Constant in pursuit or exertion; persevering; calmly diligent; as, patient endeavor. Whatever I have done is due to patient thought. Sir I. Newton.

4. Expectant with calmness, or without discontent; not hasty; not overeager; composed. Not patient to expect the turns of fate. Prior.

5. Forbearing; long-suffering. Be patient toward all men. 1 Thess. v. 14.

PATIENT
Pa"tient, n.

1. ONe who, or that which, is passively affected; a passive recipient. Malice is a passion so impetuous and precipitate that often involves the agent and the patient. Gov. of Tongue.

2. A person under medical or surgical treatment; — correlative to physician or nurse. Like a physician, . . . seeing his patient in a pestilent fever. Sir P. Sidney. In patient, a patient who receives lodging and food, as treatment, in a hospital or an infirmary. — Out patient, one who receives advice and medicine, or treatment, from an infirmary.

PATIENT
Pa"tient, v. t.

Defn: To compose, to calm. [Obs.] "Patient yourself, madam." Shak.

PATIENTLY
Pa"tient*ly, adv.

Defn: In a patient manner. Cowper.

PATIN; PATINE
Pat"in, Pat"ine, n.

Defn: A plate. See Paten. "Inlaid with patines of bright gold." Shak.

PATINA
Pat"ina, n. Etym: [It., fr. L. patina a dish, a pan, a kind of cake.
Cf. Paten.]

1. A dish or plate of metal or earthenware; a patella.

2. (Fine Arts)

Defn: The color or incrustation which age gives to works of art; especially, the green rust which covers ancient bronzes, coins, and medals. Fairholt.

PATIO
Pa"ti*o, n. Etym: [Sp., a court] (Metal)

Defn: A paved yard or floor where ores are cleaned and sorted, or where ore, salt, mercury, etc., are trampled by horses, to effect intermixture and amalgamation.

Note: The patioprocess is used to reduce silver ores by amalgamation.

PATISSERIE
Pâ`tis`serie", n. [F. pâtisserie. See Pate.]

Defn: Pastry. Sterne.

PATLY
Pat"ly, adv.

Defn: Fitly; seasonably. Barrow.

PATNESS
Pat"ness, n.

Defn: Fitness or appropriateness; striking suitableness; convenience.
The description with equal patness may suit both. Barrow.

PATOIS
Pa`tois", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A dialect peculiar to the illiterate classes; a provincial form
of speech.
The jargon and patois of several provinces. Sir T. Browne.

PATOLLI
Pa*tol"li, n. [Mex. patolli dice.]

Defn: An American Indian game analogous to dice, probably originally a method of divination.

PATONCE
Pa*tonce", a. Etym: [Cf. F. patte d'once paw of an ounce.] (Her.)

Defn: Having the arms growing broader and floriated toward the end; - - said of a cross. See Illust. 9 of Cross.

PATRIAL Pa"tri*al, a. Etym: [L. patria fatherland, country, fr. pater father.] (Lat. Gram.)

Defn: Derived from the name of a country, and designating an inhabitant of the country; gentile; — said of a noun. — n.

Defn: A patrial noun. Thus Romanus, a Roman, and Troas, a woman of
Troy, are patrial nouns, or patrials. Andrews.

PATRIARCH
Pa"tri*arch, n. Etym: [F. patriarche, L. patriarcha, Gr. Father,
Archaic.]

1. The father and ruler of a family; one who governs his family or descendants by paternal right; — usually applied to heads of families in ancient history, especially in Biblical and Jewish history to those who lived before the time of Moses.

2. (R. C. Ch. & Gr. Ch.)

Defn: A dignitary superior to the order of archbishops; as, the patriarch of Constantinople, of Alexandria, or of Antioch.

3. A venerable old man; an elder. Also used figuratively. The patriarch hoary, the sage of his kith and the hamlet. Longfellow. The monarch oak, the partiarch of trees. Dryde.

PATRIARCHAL
Pa`tri*ar"chal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. patriarcal.]

1. Of or pertaining to a patriarch or to patriarchs; possessed by, or subject to, patriarchs; as, patriarchal authority or jurisdiction; a patriarchal see; a patriarchal church.

2. Characteristic of a patriarch; venerable. About whose patriarchal knee Late the little children clung. Tennyson.

3. (Ethnol.)

Defn: Having an organization of society and government in which the head of the family exercises authority over all its generations. Patriarchal cross (Her.), a cross, the shaft of which is intersected by two transverse beams, the upper one being the smaller. See Illust. (2) of Cross. — Patriarchal dispensation, the divine dispensation under which the patriarchs lived before the law given by Moses.

PATRIARCHATE
Pa`tri*ar"chate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. patriarcat.]

1. The office, dignity, or jurisdiction of a patriarch. Jer. Taylor.

2. The residence of an ecclesiastic patriarch.

3. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A patriarchal form of government or society. See Patriarchal, a., 3.

PATRIARCHDOM
Pa"tri*arch*dom, n.

Defn: The office or jurisdiction of a patriarch; patriarchate. [R.]

PATRIARCHIC
Pa`tri*ar"chic, a. Etym: [L. patriarchicus, Gr.

Defn: Patriarchal.

PATRIARCHISM
Pa"tri*arch*ism, n.

Defn: Government by a patriarch, or the head of a family.

PATRIARCHSHIP
Pa"tri*arch*ship, n.

Defn: A patriarchate. Ayliffe.

PATRIARCHY
Pa"tri*arch`y, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. The jurisdiction of a patriarch; patriarchship. Brerewood.

2. Government by a patriarch; patriarchism.

PATRICIAN Pa*tri"cian, a. Etym: [L. patricius, fr. patres fathers or senators, pl. of pater: cf. F. patricien. See Paternal.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Roman patres (fathers) or senators, or patricians.

2. Of, pertaining to, or appropriate to, a person of high birth;
noble; not plebeian.
Born in the patrician file of society. Sir W. Scott.
His horse's hoofs wet with patrician blood. Addison.

PATRICIAN
Pa*tri"cian, n. Etym: [L. patricius: cf. F. patricien.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: Originally, a member of any of the families constituting the populus Romanus, or body of Roman citizens, before the development of the plebeian order; later, one who, by right of birth or by special privilege conferred, belonged to the nobility.

2. A person of high birth; a nobleman.

3. One familiar with the works of the Christian Fathers; one versed in patristic lore. [R.] Colridge.

PATRICIANISM
Pa*tri"cian*ism, n.

Defn: The rank or character of patricians.

PATRICIATE
Pa*tri"ci*ate, n.

Defn: The patrician class; the aristocracy; also, the office of patriarch. Milman.

PATRICIDAL
Pat*ri"ci`dal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to patricide; parricidal.

PATRICIDE
Pat*ri"cide, n. Etym: [L. pater father + caedere to kill. Cf.
Parricide.]

1. The murderer of his father.

2. The crime of one who murders his father. Same as Parricide.

PATRIMONIAL
Pat`ri*mo"ni*al, a. Etym: [L.patrimonialis: cf. F. patrimonial.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a patrimony; inherited from ancestors; as, a patrimonial estate.

PATRIMONIALLY
Pat`ri*mo"ni*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By inheritance.

PATRIMONY Pat"ri*mo*ny, n.; pl. Patrimonies. Etym: [L. patrimonium, fr. pater father: cf. F. patrimoine. See Paternal.]

1. A right or estate inherited from one's father; or, in a larger sense, from any ancestor. "'Reave the orphan of his patrimony." Shak.

2. Formerly, a church estate or endowment. Shipley.

PATRIOT Pa"tri*ot, n. Etym: [F. patriote; cf. Sp. patriota, It. patriotto; all fr. Gr. Father.]

Defn: One who loves his country, and zealously supports its authority and interests. Bp. Hall. Such tears as patriots shaed for dying laws. Pope.

PATRIOT
Pa"tri*ot, a.

Defn: Becoming to a patriot; patriotic.

PATRIOTIC
Pa`tri*ot"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. patriotique, Gr.

Defn: Inspired by patriotism; actuated by love of one's country; zealously and unselfishly devoted to the service of one's country; as, a patriotic statesman, vigilance.

PATRIOTICAL
Pa`tri*ot"ic*al, a.

Defn: Patriotic; that pertains to a patriot.
— Pa`tri*ot"ic*al*ly, adv.

PATRIOTISM
Pa"tri*ot*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. patriotisme.]

Defn: Love of country; devotion to the welfare of one's country; the virtues and actions of a patriot; the passion which inspires one to serve one's country. Berkley.

PATRIOTS' DAY
Pa"tri*ots' Day.

Defn: A legal holiday in the States of Massachusetts and Maine, April 19, the anniversary of the battle of Lexington in 1775. It was first observed in 1894. [U. S.]

PATRIPASSIAN Pa`tri*pas"sian, n. Etym: [LL. Patripassiani, pl.; L. pater father + pati, passus, to suffer: cf. F. patripassiens.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a body of believers in the early church who denied the independent preëxistent personality of Christ, and who, accordingly, held that the Father suffered in the Son; a monarchian. — Pa`tri*pas"sian*ism, n.

PATRIST
Pa"trist, n.

Defn: One versed in patristics.

PATRISTIC; PATRISTICAL
Pa*tris"tic, Pa*tris"tic*al, a. Etym: [F. patristique. See Paternal.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Fathers of the Christian church.
The voluminous editor of Jerome anf of tons of patristic theology. I.
Taylor.

PATRISTICS
Pa*tris"tics, n.

Defn: That departnent of historical theology which treats of the lives and doctrines of the Fathers of the church.

PATRIZATE
Pa"tri*zate, v. i. Etym: [L. patrissare, patrizare;cf. Gr.

Defn: To imitate one's father. [R.]

PATROCINATE Pa*troc"i*nate, v. t. Etym: [L. patrocinatus, p.p. of patrocinari to patronize, fr. patronus patron.]

Defn: To support; to patronize. [Obs.] Urquhart.

PATROCINATION
Pa*troc`i*na"tion, n.

Defn: The act of patrocinating or patronizing. [Obs.] "Patrocinations of treason." Bp. Hall.

PATROCINY
Pa*troc"i*ny, n. Etym: [L. patrocinium.] [Obs.]

Defn: See Patrocination.

PATROL Pa*trol", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Patrolled; p. pr. & vb. n. Patrolling.] Etym: [F. patrouiller, O. & Prov. F. patrouiller to paddle, paw about, patrol, fr. patte a paw; cf. D. poot paw, G. pfote, and E. pat, v.]

Defn: To go the rounds along a chain of sentinels; to traverse a police district or beat.

PATROL
Pa*trol", v.

Defn: t To go the rounds of, as a sentry, guard, or policeman; as, to patrol a frontier; to patrol a beat.

PATROL
Pa*trol", n. Etym: [F. patrouille, OF. patouille. See Patrol, v. i.]

1. (Mil.) (a) A going of the rounds along the chain of sentinels and between the posts, by a guard, usually consisting of three or four men, to insure greater security from attacks on the outposts. (b) A movement, by a small body of troops beyond the line of outposts, to explore the country and gain intelligence of the enemy's whereabouts. (c) The guard or men who go the rounds for observation; a detachment whose duty it is to patrol.

2. Any perambulation of a particular line or district to guard it; also, the men thus guarding; as, a customs patrol; a fire patrol. In France there is an army of patrols to secure her fiscal regulations. A. Hamilton.

PATROLE
Pa*trole", n. & v.

Defn: See Patrol, n. & v.

PATROLMAN
Pa*trol"man, n.; pl. Patrolmen (.

Defn: One who patrols; a watchman; especially, a policeman who patrols a particular precinct of a town or city.

PATRON
Pa"tron, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. patronus, fr. pater a father. See
Paternal, and cf. Patroon, Padrone, Pattern.]

1. One who protects, supports, or countenances; a defender. "Patron of my life and liberty." Shak. "The patron of true holiness." Spenser.

2. (Rom. Antiq.) (a) A master who had freed his slave, but still retained some paternal rights over him. (b) A man of distinction under whose protection another person placed himself. (c) An advocate or pleader. Let him who works the client wrong Beware the patron's ire. Macaulay.

3. One who encourages or helps a person, a cause, or a work; a furtherer; a promoter; as, a patron of art.

4. (Eccl. Law)

Defn: One who has gift and disposition of a benefice. [Eng.]

5. A guardian saint. — called also patron saint.

6. (Naut.)

Defn: See Padrone, 2. Patrons of Husbandry, the grangers. See
Granger, 2.

PATRON
Pa"tron, v. t.

Defn: To be a patron of; to patronize; to favor. [Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.

PATRON
Pa"tron, a.

Defn: Doing the duty of a patron; giving aid or protection; tutelary. Dryden. Patron saint (R. C. Ch.), a saint regarded as the peculiar protector of a country, community, church, profession, etc., or of an individual.

PATRONAGE Pa"tron*age, n. Etym: [F. patronage. Cf. LL. patronaticum, and L. patronatus.]

1. Special countenance or support; favor, encouragement, or aid, afforded to a person or a work; as, the patronage of letters; patronage given to an author.

2. Business custom. [Commercial Cant]

3. Guardianship, as of a saint; tutelary care. Addison.

4. The right of nomination to political office; also, the offices, contracts, honors, etc., which a public officer may bestow by favor.

5. (Eng. Law)

Defn: The right of presentation to church or ecclesiastical benefice; advowson. Blackstone.

PATRONAGE
Pa"tron*age, v. t.

Defn: To act as a patron of; to maintain; to defend. [Obs.] Shak.

PATRONAL
Pa"tron*al, a. Etym: [L. patronalis; cf. F. patronal.]

Defn: Patron; protecting; favoring. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

PATRONATE
Pa"tron*ate, n. Etym: [L. patronatus.]

Defn: The right or duty of a patron; patronage. [R.] Westm. Rev.

PATRONESS
Pa"tron*ess, n. Etym: [Cf. F. patronnesse.]

Defn: A female patron or helper. Spenser.
Night, best patroness of grief. Milton.

PATRONIZATION
Pa`tron*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of patronizing; patronage; support. [R.]

PATRONIZE
Pa"tron*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Patronized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Patronizing.]

1. To act as patron toward; to support; to countenance; to favor; to aid. The idea has been patronized by two States only. A. Hamilton.

2. To trade with customarily; to frequent as a customer. [Commercial Cant]

3. To assume the air of a patron, or of a superior and protector, toward; — used in an unfavorable sense; as, to patronize one's equals.

PATRONIZER
Pa"tron*i`zer, n.

Defn: One who patronizes.

PATRONIZING
Pa"tron*i`zing, a.

Defn: Showing condescending favor; assuming the manner of airs of a superior toward another. — Pat"ron*i`zing*ly, adv. Thackeray.

PATRONLESS
Pa"tron*less, a.

Defn: Destitute of a patron.

PATRONOMAYOLOGY
Pa`tro*nom`a*yol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. onomatology.]

Defn: That branch of knowledge which deals with personal names and their origin; the study of patronymics.

PATRONYMIC
Pa`tro*nym"ic, a. Etym: [L. patronymicus, Gr. patronymique.]

Defn: Derived from ancestors; as, a patronymic denomination.

PATRONYMIC
Pa`tro*nym"ic, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A modification of the father's name borne by the son; a name derived from that of a parent or ancestor; as, Pelides, the son of Peleus; Johnson, the son of John; Macdonald, the son of Donald; Paulowitz, the son of Paul; also, the surname of a family; the family name. M. A. Lower.

PATRONYMICAL
Pa`tro*nym"ic*al, a.

Defn: Same as Patronymic.

PATROON
Pa*troon", n. Etym: [D. patroon a patron, a protector. See Patron.]

Defn: One of the proprietors of certain tracts of land with manorial privileges and right of entail, under the old Dutch governments of New York and New Jersey.

PATROONSHIP
Pa*troon"ship, n.

Defn: The office of a patroon. Irving.

PATTE; PATTEE Pat`té", Pat*tee", a. Etym: [F. patté, fem. pattée, fr. patte paw, foot. Cf. Patten.] (Her.)

Defn: Narrow at the inner, and very broad at the other, end, or having its arms of that shape; — said of a cross. See Illust. (8) of Cross. [Written also paté, patee.]

PATTEMAR
Pat"te*mar, n.

Defn: See Patamar.

PATTEN
Pat"ten, n. Etym: [F. patin a high-heeled shoe, fr. patte paw, foot.
Cf. Panton, Patté.]

1. A clog or sole of wood, usually supported by an iron ring, worn to raise the feet from the wet or the mud. The patten now supports each frugal dame. Gay.

2. A stilt. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

PATTENED
Pat"ten*ed, a.

Defn: Wearing pattens. "Some pattened girl." Jane Austen.

PATTER
Pat"ter, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pattered; p. pr. & vb. n. Pattering.]
Etym: [Freq. of pat to strike gently.]

1. To strike with a quick succession of slight, sharp sounds; as, pattering rain or hail; pattering feet. The stealing shower is scarce to patter heard. Thomson.

2. To mutter; to mumble; as, to patter with the lips. Tyndale. Etym: [In this sense, and in the following, perh. from paternoster.]

3. To talk glibly; to chatter; to harangue. [Colloq.] I've gone out and pattered to get money. Mayhew.

PATTER
Pat"ter, v. t.

1. To spatter; to sprinkle. [R.] "And patter the water about the boat." J. R. Drake.

2. Etym: [See Patter, v. i., 2.]

Defn: To mutter; as prayers.
[The hooded clouds] patter their doleful prayers. Longfellow.
To patter flash, to talk in thieves' cant. [Slang]

PATTER
Pat"ter, n.

1. A quick succession of slight sounds; as, the patter of rain; the patter of little feet.

2. Glib and rapid speech; a voluble harangue.

3. The cant of a class; patois; as, thieves's patter; gypsies' patter.

PATTERER
Pat"ter*er, n.

Defn: One who patters, or talks glibly; specifically, a street peddler. [Cant, Eng.]

PATTERN
Pat"tern, n. Etym: [OE. patron, F. patron, a patron, also, a pattern.
See Patron.]

1. Anything proposed for imitation; an archetype; an exemplar; that which is to be, or is worthy to be, copied or imitated; as, a pattern of a machine. I will be the pattern of all patience. Shak.

2. A part showing the figure or quality of the whole; a specimen; a sample; an example; an instance. He compares the pattern with the whole piece. Swift.

3. Stuff sufficient for a garment; as, a dress pattern.

4. Figure or style of decoration; design; as, wall paper of a beautiful pattern.

5. Something made after a model; a copy. Shak. The patterns of things in the heavens. Heb. ix. 23.

6. Anything cut or formed to serve as a guide to cutting or forming objects; as, a dressmaker's pattern.

7. (Founding)

Defn: A full-sized model around which a mold of sand is made, to receive the melted metal. It is usually made of wood and in several parts, so as to be removed from the mold without injuring it. Pattern box, chain, or cylinder (Figure Weaving), devices, in a loom, for presenting several shuttles to the picker in the proper succession for forming the figure. — Pattern card. (a) A set of samples on a card. (b) (Weaving) One of the perforated cards in a Jacquard apparatus. — Pattern reader, one who arranges textile patterns. — Pattern wheel (Horology), a count-wheel.

PATTERN
Pat"tern, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Patterned; p. pr. & vb. n. Patterning.]

1. To make or design (anything) by, from, or after, something that serves as a pattern; to copy; to model; to imitate. Milton. [A temple] patterned from that which Adam reared in Paradise. Sir T. Herbert.

2. To serve as an example for; also, to parallel. To pattern after, to imitate; to follow.

PATTINSON'S PROCESS
Pat"tin*son's proc"ess. (Metal.)

Defn: A process of desilverizing argentiferous lead by repeated meltings and skimmings, which concentrate the silver in the molten bath, the final skimmings being nearly pure lad. The processwas invented in 1833 by Hugh Lee Pattinson, an English metallurgist.

PATTY
Pat"ty, n.; pl. Patties. Etym: [F. pâté. See Pasty.]

Defn: A little pie.

PATTYPAN
Pat"ty*pan`, n.

1. A pan for baking patties.

2. A patty. [Obs.]

PATULOUS
Pat"u*lous, a. Etym: [L. patulus, fr. patere to be open, extend.]

Defn: Open; expanded; slightly spreading; having the parts loose or dispersed; as, a patulous calyx; a patulous cluster of flowers. The eyes are large and patulous. Sir J. Hill.

PAU
Pau, n.

Defn: See Pah.

PAUCILOQUENT
Pau*cil"o*quent, a.

Defn: Uttering few words; brief in speech. [R.]

PAUCILOQUY Pau*cil"o*quy, n. Etym: [L. pauciloquium; paucus little + loqui to speak.]

Defn: Brevity in speech. [R.]

PAUCISPIRAL
Pau`ci*spi"ral, a. Etym: [L. paucus few + E. spiral.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having few spirals, or whorls; as, a paucispiral operculum or shell.

PAUCITY Pau"ci*ty, n. Etym: [L. paucitas, fr. paucus few, little: cf. F. paucité See Few.]

1. Fewness; smallness of number; scarcity. Hooker. Revelation denies it by the stern reserve, the paucity, and the incompleteness, of its communications. I. Taylor.

2. Smallnes of quantity; exiguity; insufficiency; as, paucity of blood. Sir T. Browne.

PAUGIE; PAUGY Pau"gie, Pau"gy, n.; pl. Paugies. Etym: [Corrupted from Amer. Indian mishcuppauog. See Scup.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The scup. See Porgy, and Scup.

PAUHAUGEN
Pau*hau"gen, n. Etym: [North Amer. Indian.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The menhaden; — called also poghaden.

PAUL
Paul, n.

Defn: See Pawl.

PAUL
Paul, n.

Defn: An Italian silver coin. See Paolo.

PAULDRON
Paul"dron, n. Etym: [See Powldron.] (Mil. Antiq.)

Defn: A piece of armor covering the shoulder at the junction of the body piece and arm piece.

PAULIAN; PAULIANIST
Pau"li*an, Pau"li*an*ist, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A follower of Paul of Samosata, a bishop of Antioch in the third century, who was deposed for denying the divinity of Christ.

PAULICIAN
Pau"li*cian, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a sect of Christian dualists originating in Armenia in the seventh century. They rejected the Old Testament and the part of the New.

PAULIN
Pau"lin, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Tarpaulin.

PAULINE
Pau"line, a. Etym: [L. Paulinus, fr. Paulus Paul.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the apostle Paul, or his writings; resembling, or conforming to, the writings of Paul; as, the Pauline epistles; Pauline doctrine. My religion had always been Pauline. J. H. Newman.

PAULIST
Paul"ist, n. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A member of The Institute of the Missionary Priests of St. Paul the Apostle, founded in 1858 by the Rev. I. T. Hecker of New York. The majority of the members were formerly Protestants.

PAULOWNIA
Pau*low"ni*a, n. Etym: [NL. So named from the Russian princess Anna
Pavlovna.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of trees of the order Scrophulariaceæ, consisting of one species, Paulownia imperialis.

Note: The tree is native to Japan, and has immense heart-shaped leaves, and large purplish flowers in panicles. The capsules contain many little winged seeds, which are beautiful microscopic objects. The tree is hardy in America as far north as Connecticut.

PAUM
Paum, v. t. & i. Etym: [See Palm to cheat.]

Defn: To palm off by fraud; to cheat at cards. [Obs.] Swift.

PAUNCE
Paunce, n. Etym: [See Pansy.] (Bot.)

Defn: The pansy. "The pretty paunce." Spenser.

PAUNCH
Paunch, n. Etym: [OF. panch, pance, F. panse, L. pantex, panticis.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The belly and its contents; the abdomen; also, the first stomach, or rumen, of ruminants. See Rumen.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A paunch mat; — called also panch.

3. The thickened rim of a bell, struck by the clapper. Paunch mat (Naut.), a thick mat made of strands of rope, used to prevent the yard or rigging from chafing.

PAUNCH
Paunch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paunched; p. pr. & vb. n. Paunching.]

1. To pierce or rip the belly of; to eviscerate; to disembowel. Shak.

2. To stuff with food. [Obs.] Udall.

PAUNCHY
Paunch"y, a.

Defn: Pot-bellied. [R.] Dickens.

PAUNE
Paune, n.

Defn: A kind of bread. See Pone.

PAUPER
Pau"per, n. Etym: [L. See Poor.]

Defn: A poor person; especially, one development on private or public charity. Also used adjectively; as, pouper immigrants, pouper labor.

PAUPERISM
Pau"per*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. paupérisme.]

Defn: The state of being a pauper; the state of indigent persons requiring support from the community. Whatly.

Syn.
— Poverty; indigence; penury; want; need; destitution. See Poverty.

PAUPERIZATION
Pau`per*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of reducing to pauperism. C. Kingsley.

PAUPERIZE
Pau"per*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pauperized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Pauperizing.]

Defn: To reduce to pauperism; as, to pauperize the peasantry.

PAUROPODA
Pau*rop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of small myriapods having only nine pairs of legs and destitute of tracheæ.

PAUSE
Pause, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. pausa. See Pose.]

1. A temporary stop or rest; an intermission of action; interruption; suspension; cessation.

2. Temporary inaction or waiting; hesitation; suspence; doubt. I stand in pause where I shall first begin. Shak.

3. In speaking or reading aloud, a brief arrest or suspension of voice, to indicate the limits and relations of sentences and their parts.

4. In writing and printing, a mark indicating the place and nature of an arrest of voice in reading; a punctuation point; as, teach the pupil to mind the pauses.

5. A break or paragraph in writing. He writes with warmth, which usually neglects method, and those partitions and pauses which men educated in schools observe. Locke.

6. (Mus.)

Defn: A hold. See 4th Hold, 7.

Syn.
— Stop; cessation; suspension.

PAUSE
Pause, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Paused; p. pr. & vb. n. Pausing.] Etym:
[Cf. F. pauser, L. pausare. See Pause, n., Pose.]

1. To make a short stop; to cease for a time; to intermit speaking or acting; to stop; to wait; to rest. "Tarry, pause a day or two." Shak. Pausing while, thus to herself she mused. Milton.

2. To be intermitted; to cease; as, the music pauses.

3. To hesitate; to hold back; to delay. [R.] Why doth the Jew pause Take thy forfeiture. Shak.

4. To stop in order to consider; hence, to consider; to reflect. [R.] "Take time to pause." Shak. To pause upon, to deliberate concerning. Shak.

Syn.
— To intermit; stop; stay; wait; delay; tarry; hesitate; demur.

PAUSE
Pause, v. t.

Defn: To cause to stop or rest; — used reflexively. [R.] Shak.

PAUSER
Paus"er, n.

Defn: One who pauses. Shak.

PAUSINGLY
Paus"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With pauses; haltingly. Shak.

PAUXI
Paux"i, n. Etym: [From the native name: cf. Sp. pauji.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A curassow (Ourax pauxi), which, in South America, is often domesticated.

PAVAGE
Pav"age, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pavage.]

Defn: See Pavage. [R.]

PAVAN Pav"an, n. Etym: [F. pavane; cf. It. & Sp. pavana, and Sp. pavon, pavo, a peacock, L. pavo.]

Defn: A stately and formal Spanish dance for which full state costume is worn; — so called from the resemblance of its movements to those of the peacock. [Written also pavane, paven, pavian, and pavin.]

PAVE
Pa`vé", n. Etym: [F., from paver to pave. See Pave.]

Defn: The pavement. Nymphe du pavé ([A low euphemism.]

PAVE Pave, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paved; p. pr. & vb. n. Paving.] Etym: [F. paver to pave, LL. pavare, from L. pavire to beat, ram, or tread down; cf. Gr.

1. To lay or cover with stone, brick, or other material, so as to make a firm, level, or convenient surface for horses, carriages, or persons on foot, to travel on; to floor with brick, stone, or other solid material; as, to pave a street; to pave a court. With silver paved, and all divine with gold. Dryden. To pave thy realm, and smooth the broken ways. Gay.

2. Fig.: To make smooth, easy, and safe; to prepare, as a path or way; as, to pave the way to promotion; to pave the way for an enterprise. It might open and pave a prepared way to his own title. Bacon.

PAVEMENT
Pave"ment, n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. pavamentum, L. pavimentum. See
Pave.]

Defn: That with which anythingis paved; a floor or covering of solid material, laid so as to make a hard and convenient surface for travel; a paved road or sidewalk; a decorative interior floor of tiles or colored bricks. The riches of heaven's pavement, trodden gold. Milton. Pavement teeth (Zoöl.), flattened teeth which in certain fishes, as the skates and cestracionts, are arranged side by side, like tiles in a pavement.

PAVEMENT
Pave"ment, v. t.

Defn: To furnish with a pavement; to pave. [Obs.] "How richly pavemented!" Bp. Hall.

PAVEN
Pav"en, n.

Defn: See Pavan.

PAVER
Pav"er, n.

Defn: One who paves; one who lays a pavement. [Written also pavier and pavior.]

PAVESADE
Pav`e*sade", n. Etym: [F. See Pavise.]

Defn: A canvas screen, formerly sometimes extended along the side of a vessel in a naval engagement, to conceal from the enemy the operations on board.

PAVESE; PAVESSE
Pa*vese", Pa*vesse", n.

Defn: Pavise. [Obs.]

PAVIAGE
Pa"vi*age, n. (Law)

Defn: A contribution or a tax for paving streets or highways.
Bouvier.

PAVIAN
Pav"i*an

Defn: , n. See Pavan.

PAVID
Pav"id, a. Etym: [L. pavidus, from pavere to be afraid.]

Defn: Timid; fearful. [R.] Thackeray.

PAVIDITY
Pa*vid"i*ty, n.

Defn: Timidity. [R.]

PAVIER
Pav"ier, n.

Defn: A paver.

PAVIIN
Pa"vi*in, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside found in species of the genus Pavia of the Horse- chestnut family.

PAVILION Pa*vil"ion, n. Etym: [F. pavillon, fr. L. pavilio a butterfly, also, a tent, because spread out like a butterfly's wings.]

1. A temporary movable habitation; a large tent; a marquee; esp., a tent raised on posts. "[The] Greeks do pitch their brave pavilions." Shak.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: A single body or mass of building, contained within simple walls and a single roof, whether insulated, as in the park or garden of a larger edifice, or united with other parts, and forming an angle or central feature of a large pile.

3. (Mil.)

Defn: A flag, colors, ensign, or banner.

4. (Her.)

Defn: Same as Tent (Her.)

5. That part of a brilliant which lies between the girdle and collet. See Illust. of Brilliant.

6. (Anat.)

Defn: The auricle of the ear; also, the fimbriated extremity of the
Fallopian tube.

7. A covering; a canopy; figuratively, the sky. The pavilion of heaven is bare. Shelley.

PAVILION
Pa*vil"ion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pavilioned; p. pr. & vb. n.
Pavilioning.]

Defn: To furnish or cover with, or shelter in, a tent or tents.
The field pavilioned with his guardians bright. Milton.

PAVIN
Pav"in, n.

Defn: See Pavan.

PAVING
Pav"ing, n.

1. The act or process of laying a pavement, or covering some place with a pavement.

2. A pavement.

PAVIOR
Pav"ior, n.

1. One who paves; a paver.

2. A rammer for driving paving stones.

3. A brick or slab used for paving.

PAVISE Pa*vise, n. Etym: [OF. pavaix, F. pavois; cf. It. pavese, LL. pavense; perh. named from Pavia in Italy.] (Mil. Antiq.)

Defn: A large shield covering the whole body, carried by a pavisor, who sometimes screened also an archer with it. [Written also pavais, pavese, and pavesse.] Fairholt.

PAVISOR
Pa*vis"or, n. (Mil. Antiq.)

Defn: A soldier who carried a pavise.

PAVO
Pa"vo, n. Etym: [L., a peacock. See Peacock.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of birds, including the peacocks.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: The Peacock, a constellation of the southern hemisphere.

PAVON
Pa"von, n.

Defn: A small triangular flag, esp. one attached to a knight's lance; a pennon.

PAVONE
Pa*vone", n. Etym: [Cf. It. pavone, Sp. pavon, fr. L. pavo.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A peacock. [Obs.] Spenser.

PAVONIAN
Pa*vo"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a peacock. [R.] Southey.

PAVONINE
Pav"o*nine, a. Etym: [L. pavoninus, fr. pavo a peacock. See Peacock.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like, or pertaining to, the genus Pavo.

2. Characteristic of a peacock; resembling the tail of a peacock, as in colors; iridescent. P. Cleaveland.

PAW
Paw, n. Etym: [OE. pawe, poue, OF. poe: cf. patte, LG. pote, D. poot,
G. pfote.]

1. The foot of a quadruped having claws, as the lion, dog, cat, etc.

2. The hand. [Jocose] Dryden. Paw clam (Zoöl.), the tridacna; — so called because shaped like an animal's paw.

PAW
Paw, v. i.

Defn: To draw the forefoot along the ground; to beat or scrape with the forefoot. Job xxxix. 21.

PAW
Paw, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pawed; p. pr. & vb. n. Pawing.]

1. To pass the paw over; to stroke or handle with the paws; hence, to handle fondly or rudely.

2. To scrape or beat with the forefoot. His hot courser pawed the Hungarian plane. Tickell.

PAWK
Pawk, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small lobster. Travis.

PAWKY
Paw"ky, a. Etym: [Cf. AS. pæcean to deceive.]

Defn: Arch; cunning; sly. [Scot.] Jamieson.

PAWL
Pawl, n. Etym: [W. pawl a pole, a stake. Cf. Pole a stake.] (Mach.)

Defn: A pivoted tongue, or sliding bolt, on one part of a machine, adapted to fall into notches, or interdental spaces, on another part, as a ratchet wheel, in such a manner as to permit motion in one direction and prevent it in the reverse, as in a windlass; a catch, click, or detent. See Illust. of Ratchet Wheel. [Written also paul, or pall.] Pawl bitt (Naut.), a heavy timber, set abaft the windlass, to receive the strain of the pawls. — Pawl rim or ring (Naut.), a stationary metallic ring surrounding the base of a capstan, having notches for the pawls to catch in.

PAWL
Pawl, v. t.

Defn: To stop with a pawl; to drop the pawls off. To pawl the capstan. See under Capstan.

PAWN
Pawn, n.

Defn: See Pan, the masticatory.

PAWN
Pawn, n. Etym: [OE. paune, poun, OF. peon, poon, F. pion, LL. pedo a
foot soldier, fr. L. pes, pedis, foot. See Foot, and cf. Pioneer,
Peon.] (Chess)

Defn: A man or piece of the lowest rank.

PAWN Pawn, n. Etym: [OF. pan pledge, assurance, skirt, piece, F. pan skirt, lappet, piece, from L. pannus. See Pane.]

1. Anything delivered or deposited as security, as for the payment of money borrowed, or of a debt; a pledge. See Pledge, n., 1. As for mortgaging or pawning, . . . men will not take pawns without use [i.e., interest]. Bacon.

2. State of being pledged; a pledge for the fulfillment of a promise.
[R.]
Redeem from broking pawn the blemish'd crown. Shak.
As the morning dew is a pawn of the evening fatness. Donne.

3. A stake hazarded in a wager. [Poetic] My life I never held but as a pawn To wage against thy enemies. Shak. In pawn, At pawn, in the state of being pledged. "Sweet wife, my honor is at pawn." Shak. — Pawn ticket, a receipt given by the pawnbroker for an article pledged.

PAWN
Pawn, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pawned; p. pr. & vb. n. Pawning.]

1. To give or deposit in pledge, or as security for the payment of money borrowed; to put in pawn; to pledge; as, to pawn one's watch. And pawned the last remaining piece of plate. Dryden.

2. To pledge for the fulfillment of a promise; to stake; to risk; to wager; to hazard. Pawning his honor to obtain his lust. Shak.

PAWNABLE
Pawna*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being pawned.

PAWNBROKER
Pawn"bro`ker, n.

Defn: One who makes a business of lending money on the security of personal property pledged or deposited in his keeping.

PAWNBROKING
Pawn"bro`king, n.

Defn: The business of a pawnbroker.

PAWNEE
Pawn*ee", n. (Law)

Defn: One or two whom a pledge is delivered as security; one who takes anything in pawn.

PAWNEES
Paw`nees", n. pl.; sing. Pawnee (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A tribe of Indians (called also Loups) who formerly occupied the region of the Platte river, but now live mostly in the Indian Territory. The term is often used in a wider sense to include also the related tribes of Rickarees and Wichitas. Called also Pani.

PAWNER; PAWNOR
Pawn"er, Pawn*or", n. (Law)

Defn: One who pawns or pledges anything as security for the payment of borrowed money or of a debt.

PAWPAW
Paw`paw", n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Papaw.

PAX
Pax, n. Etym: [L. pax peace. See Peace.]

1. (Eccl.)

Defn: The kiss of peace; also, the embrace in the sanctuary now substituted for it at High Mass in Roman Catholic churches.

2. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A tablet or board, on which is a representation of Christ, of the Virgin Mary, or of some saint and which, in the Mass, was kissed by the priest and then by the people, in mediæval times; an osculatory. It is still used in communities, confraternities, etc. Kiss the pax, and be quiet like your neighbors. Chapman.

PAXILLOSE
Pax"il*lose`, a. Etym: [L. paxillus a small stake.] (Geol.)

Defn: Resembling a little stake.

PAXILLUS
Pax*il"lus, n.; pl. Paxilli. Etym: [L., a peg.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a peculiar kind of spines covering the surface of certain starfishes. They are pillarlike, with a flattened summit which is covered with minute spinules or granules. See Illustration in Appendix.

PAXWAX Pax"wax`, n. Etym: [For faxvax, fr. AS. fea hair (akin to OHG. fahs) + weaxan to grow. See Wax to grow, and cf. Faxed, Pectinate.] (Anat.)

Defn: The strong ligament of the back of the neck in quadrupeds. It connects the back of the skull with dorsal spines of the cervical vertebræ, and helps to support the head. Called also paxywaxy and packwax.

PAXYWAXY
Pax"y*wax`y, n. (Anat.)

Defn: See Paxwax.

PAY Pay, v. t. Etym: [OF. peier, fr. L. picare to pitch, i pitch: cf. OF. peiz pitch, F. poix. See Pitch a black substance.] (Naut.)

Defn: To cover, as bottom of a vessel, a seam, a spar, etc., with tar or pitch, or waterproof composition of tallow, resin, etc.; to smear.

PAY Pay, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paid; p. pr. & vb. n. Paying.] Etym: [OE. paien, F. payer, fr. L. pacare to pacify, appease, fr. pax, pacis, peace. See Peace.]

1. To satisfy, or content; specifically, to satisfy (another person) for service rendered, property delivered, etc.; to discharge one's obligation to; to make due return to; to compensate; to remunerate; to recompense; to requite; as, to pay workmen or servants. May no penny ale them pay [i. e., satisfy]. P. Plowman. [She] pays me with disdain. Dryden.

2. Hence, figuratively: To compensate justly; to requite according to merit; to reward; to punish; to retort or retaliate upon. For which, or pay me quickly, or I'll pay you. B. Jonson.

3. To discharge, as a debt, demand, or obligation, by giving or doing what is due or required; to deliver the amount or value of to the person to whom it is owing; to discharge a debt by delivering (money owed). "Pay me that thou owest." Matt. xviii. 28. Have patience with me, and I will pay thee all. Matt. xviii. 26. If they pay this tax, they starve. Tennyson.

4. To discharge or fulfill, as a duy; to perform or render duty, as that which has been promised. This day have I paid my vows. Prov. vii. 14.

5. To give or offer, without an implied obligation; as, to pay attention; to pay a visit. Not paying me a welcome. Shak. To pay off. (a) To make compensation to and discharge; as, to pay off the crew of a ship. (b) To allow (a thread, cord, etc.) to run off; to unwind. — To pay one's duty, to render homage, as to a sovereign or other superior. — To pay out (Naut.), to pass out; hence, to slacken; to allow to run out; as, to pay out more cable. See under Cable. — To pay the piper, to bear the cost, expense, or trouble. [Colloq.]

PAY
Pay, v. i.

Defn: To give a recompense; to make payment, requital, or satisfaction; to discharge a debt. The wicked borroweth, and payeth not again. Ps. xxxvii. 21.

2. Hence, to make or secure suitable return for expense or trouble; to be remunerative or profitable; to be worth the effort or pains required; as, it will pay to ride; it will pay to wait; politeness always pays. To pay for. (a) To make amends for; to atone for; as, men often pay for their mistakes with loss of property or reputation, sometimes with life. (b) To give an equivalent for; to bear the expense of; to be mulcted on account of. 'T was I paid for your sleeps; I watched your wakings. Beau. & Fl. — To pay off. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Naut.) To fall to leeward, as the head of a vessel under sail. — To pay on. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] To beat with vigor; to redouble blows. [Colloq.] — To pay round Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Naut.) To turn the ship's head.

PAY
Pay, n.

1. Satisfaction; content. Chaucer.

2. An equivalent or return for money due, goods purchased, or services performed; salary or wages for work or service; compensation; recompense; payment; hire; as, the pay of a clerk; the pay of a soldier. Where only merit constant pay receives. Pope. There is neither pay nor plunder to be got. L'Estrange. Full pay, the whole amount of wages or salary; maximum pay; especially, the highest pay or allowance to civil or military officers of a certain rank, without deductions. — Half pay. See under Half. — Pay day, the day of settlement of accounts. — Pay dirt (Mining), earth which yields a profit to the miner. [Western U.S.] — Pay office, a place where payment is made. — Pay roll, a roll or list of persons entitled to payment, with the amounts due.

PAYABLE
Pay"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. payable. Cf. Pacable.]

1. That may, can, or should be paid; suitable to be paid; justly due. Drayton. Thanks are a tribute payable by the poorest. South.

2. (Law) (a) That may be discharged or settled by delivery of value. (b) Matured; now due.

PAY CERPS
Pay Cerps.

Defn: A staff corps in the United States navy, consisting of pay directors, pay inspectors, paymasters, passed assistant paymasters, and assistant paymasters, having relative rank from captain to ensign, respectively.

PAY DIRT; PAY ROCK
Pay dirt, Pay rock, etc. (Mining)

Defn: Earth, rock, etc., which yields a profit to the miner. [Western
U. S.]

PAYEE
Pay*ee", n.

Defn: The person to whom money is to be, or has been, paid; the person named in a bill or note, to whom, or to whose order, the amount is promised or directed to be paid. See Bill of exchange, under Bill.

PAYEN
Pay"en, n. & a.

Defn: Pagan. Etym: [F.] [Obs.] Chaucer.

PAYER
Pay"er, n.

Defn: One who pays; specifically, the person by whom a bill or note has been, or should be, paid.

PAYMASTER
Pay"mas`ter, n.

Defn: One who pays; one who compensates, rewards, or requites; specifically, an officer or agent of a government, a corporation, or an employer, whose duty it is to pay salaries, wages, etc., and keep account of the same.

PAYMASTER-GENERAL
Pay"mas`ter-gen"er*al.

1. (a) (Mil.) In the United States army, an officer of the rank of brigadier general, who commands the pay department, which is charged with the payment of the officers and men. (b) (Nav.) In the United States navy, the Chief of the Bureau of Provisions and Clothing, who has charge of the payment of officers and men and their clothing and subsistence. He has the rank of rear admiral.

2. In Great Britain, an officer of the Treasury who makes all payments and disbursements, civil as well as military. He is a member of the ministry, but not of the cabinet.

PAYMENT
Pay"ment, n. Etym: [F. payment, paiement. See Pay to requite.]

1. The act of paying, or giving compensation; the discharge of a debt or an obligation. No man envieth the payment of a debt. Bacon.

2. That which is paid; the thing given in discharge of a debt, or an obligation, or in fulfillment of a promise; reward; recompense; requital; return. Shak.

3. Punishment; chastisement. [R.]

PAYN
Payn, n. Etym: [OF. & F. pain, fr. L. panis bread.]

Defn: Bread. Having Piers Plowman.

PAYNDEMAIN Payn`de*main", n. Etym: [OF. pain bread + demaine manorial, lordly, own, private. See Payn, and Demesne. Said to be so called from the figure of our Lord impressed upon it.]

Defn: The finest and whitest bread made in the Middle Ages; — called also paynemain, payman. [Obs.]

PAYNE'S PROCESS
Payne's process.

Defn: A process for preserving timber and rendering it incombustible by impregnating it successively with solutions of sulphate of iron and calcium chloride in vacuo. —Payn"ize, v. t.

PAYNIM
Pay"nim, n & a.

Defn: See Painim.

PAYNIZE
Payn"ize, v. t. Etym: [From Mr. Payne, the inventor.]

Defn: To treat or preserve, as wood, by a process resembling kyanizing.

PAYOR
Pay*or", n. (Law)

Defn: See Payer. [R.]

PAYSE
Payse, v. t.

Defn: To poise. [Obs.] Spenser.

PAY STREAK
Pay streak.

1. (Mining) The zone, parallel to the walls of a vein, in which the ore is concentrated, or any narrow streak of paying ore in less valuable material.

2. (Oil Boring) A stratum of oil sand thick enough to make a well pay.

PAYTINE
Pay"tine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid obtained from a white bark resembling that of the cinchona, first brought from Payta, in Peru.

PEA
Pea, n. Etym: [OF. peis. See Poise.]

Defn: The sliding weight on a steelyard. [Written also pee.]

PEA
Pea, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Peak, n., 3.

PEA
Pea, n.; pl. Peas or Pease. Etym: [OE. pese, fr. AS. pisa, or OF.
peis, F. pois; both fr. L. pisum; cf. Gr. s was misunderstood in
English as a plural ending. Cf. Pease.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant, and its fruit, of the genus Pisum, of many varieties, much cultivated for food. It has a papilionaceous flower, and the pericarp is a legume, popularly called a pod.

Note: When a definite number, more than one, is spoken of, the plural form peas is used; as, the pod contained nine peas; but, in a collective sense, the form pease is preferred; as, a bushel of pease; they had pease at dinner. This distinction is not always preserved, the form peas being used in both senses.

2. A name given, especially in the Southern States, to the seed of several leguminous plants (species of Dolichos, Cicer, Abrus, etc.) esp. those having a scar (hilum) of a different color from the rest of the seed.

Note: The name pea is given to many leguminous plants more or less
closely related to the common pea. See the Phrases, below. Beach pea
(Bot.), a seashore plant, Lathyrus maritimus.
— Black-eyed pea, a West Indian name for Dolichos sphærospermus and
its seed.
— Butterfly pea, the American plant Clitoria Mariana, having showy
blossoms.
— Chick pea. See Chick-pea.
— Egyptian pea. Same as Chick-pea.
— Everlasting pea. See under Everlasting.
— Glory pea. See under Glory, n.
— Hoary pea, any plant of the genus Tephrosia; goat's rue.
— Issue pea, Orris pea. (Med.) See under Issue, and Orris.
— Milk pea. (Bot.) See under Milk.
— Pea berry, a kind of a coffee bean or grain which grows single,
and is round or pea-shaped; often used adjectively; as, pea-berry
coffee.
— Pea bug. (Zoöl.) Same as Pea weevil.
— Pea coal, a size of coal smaller than nut coal.
— Pea crab (Zoöl.), any small crab of the genus Pinnotheres, living
as a commensal in bivalves; esp., the European species (P. pisum)
which lives in the common mussel and the cockle.
— Pea dove (Zoöl.), the American ground dove.
— Pea-flower tribe (Bot.), a suborder (Papilionaceæ) of leguminous
plants having blossoms essentially like that of the pea. G. Bentham.
— Pea maggot (Zoöl.), the larva of a European moth (Tortrix pisi),
which is very destructive to peas.
— Pea ore (Min.), argillaceous oxide of iron, occurring in round
grains of a size of a pea; pisolitic ore.
— Pea starch, the starch or flour of the common pea, which is
sometimes used in adulterating wheat flour, pepper, etc.
— Pea tree (Bot.), the name of several leguminous shrubs of the
genus Caragana, natives of Siberia and China.
— Pea vine. (Bot.) (a) Any plant which bears peas. (b) A kind of
vetch or tare, common in the United States (Lathyrus Americana, and
other similar species).
— Pea weevil (Zoöl.), a small weevil (Bruchus pisi) which destroys
peas by eating out the interior.
— Pigeon pea. (Bot.) See Pigeon pea.
— Sweet pea (Bot.), the annual plant Lathyrus odoratus; also, its
many-colored, sweet-scented blossoms.

PEABIRD
Pea"bird`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The wryneck; — so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.]

PEABODY BIRD
Pea"bod*y bird`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An American sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) having a conspicuous white throat. The name is imitative of its note. Called also White-throated sparrow.

PEACE Peace, n. Etym: [OE. pees, pais, OF. pais, paiz, pes, F. paix, L. pax, pacis, akin to pacere, paciscere, pacisci, to make an agreement, and prob. also pangere to fasten. Cf. Appease, Fair, a., Fay, v., Fang, Pacify, Pact, Pay to requite.]

Defn: A state of quiet or tranquillity; freedom from disturbance or agitation; calm; repose; specifically: (a) Exemption from, or cessation of, war with public enemies. (b) Public quiet, order, and contentment in obedience to law. (c) Exemption from, or subjection of, agitating passions; tranquillity of mind or conscience. (d) Reconciliation; agreement after variance; harmony; concord. "The eternal love and pees." Chaucer.

Note: Peace is sometimes used as an exclamation in commanding silence, quiet, or order. "Peace! foolish woman." Shak. At peace, in a state of peace. — Breach of the peace. See under Breach. — Justice of the peace. See under Justice. — Peace of God. (Law) (a) A term used in wills, indictments, etc., as denoting a state of peace and good conduct. (b) (Theol.) The peace of heart which is the gift of God. — Peace offering. (a) (Jewish Antiq.) A voluntary offering to God in token of devout homage and of a sense of friendly communion with Him. (b) A gift or service offered as satisfaction to an offended person. — Peace officer, a civil officer whose duty it is to preserve the public peace, to prevent riots, etc., as a sheriff or constable. — To hold one's peace, to be silent; to refrain from speaking. — To make one's peace with, to reconcile one with, to plead one's cause with, or to become reconciled with, another. "I will make your peace with him." Shak.

PEACE
Peace, v. t. & i.

Defn: To make or become quiet; to be silent; to stop. [R.] "Peace your tattlings." Shak. When the thunder would not peace at my bidding. Shak.

PEACEABLE
Peace"a*ble, a. Etym: [OE. peisible, F. paisible.]

Defn: Begin in or at peace; tranquil; quiet; free from, or not
disposed to, war, disorder, or excitement; not quarrelsome.
— Peace"a*ble*ness, n.
— Peace"a*bly, adv.

Syn. — Peaceful; pacific; tranquil; quiet; mild; undisturbed; serene; still. — Peaceable, Peaceful. Peaceable describes the state of an individual, nation, etc., in reference to external hostility, attack, etc.; peaceful, in respect to internal disturbance. The former denotes "in the spirit of peace;" latter; "in the possession or enjoyment of peace." A peaceable adjustment of difficulties; a peaceful life, scene.

PEACEBREAKER
Peace"break`er, n.

Defn: One who disturbs the public peace.
— Peace"break`ing, n.

PEACEFUL
Peace"ful, a.

1. Possessing or enjoying peace; not disturbed by war, tumult, agitation, anxiety, or commotion; quiet; tranquil; as, a peaceful time; a peaceful country; a peaceful end.

2. Not disposed or tending to war, tumult or agitation; pacific; mild; calm; peaceable; as, peaceful words.

Syn.
— See Peaceable. —Peace"ful*ly, adv..
— Peace"ful*ness, n.

PEACELESS
Peace"less, a.

Defn: Without peace; disturbed. Sandys.

PEACEMAKER
Peace"mak`er, n.

Defn: One who makes peace by reconciling parties that are at variance. Matt. v. 9. —Peace"mak`ing, n.

PEACH
Peach, v. t. Etym: [See Appeach, Impeach.]

Defn: To accuse of crime; to inform against. [Obs.] Foxe.

PEACH
Peach, v. i.

Defn: To turn informer; to betray one's accomplice. [Obs. or Colloq.]
If I be ta'en, I'll peach for this. Shak.

PEACH
Peach, n. Etym: [OE. peche, peshe, OF. pesche, F. pêche, fr. LL.
persia, L. Persicum (sc. malum) a Persian apple, a peach. Cf.
Persian, and Parsee.] (Bot.)

Defn: A well-known high-flavored juicy fruit, containing one or two seeds in a hard almond-like endocarp or stone; also, the tree which bears it (Prunus, or Amygdalus Persica). In the wild stock the fruit is hard and inedible. Guinea, or Sierra Leone, peach, the large edible berry of the Sarcocephalus esculentus, a rubiaceous climbing shrub of west tropical Africa. — Palm peach, the fruit of a Venezuelan palm tree (Bactris speciosa). — Peach color, the pale red color of the peach blossom. — Peach-tree borer (Zoöl.), the larva of a clearwing moth (Ægeria, or Sannina, exitiosa) of the family Ægeriidæ, which is very destructive to peach trees by boring in the wood, usually near the ground; also, the moth itself. See Illust. under Borer.

PEACHBLOW
Peach"blow`, a. (Ceramics)

Defn: Of the delicate purplish pink color likened to that of peach blooms; — applied esp. to a Chinese porcelain, small specimens of which bring great prices in the Western countries.

PEACH-COLORED
Peach"-col`ored, a.

Defn: Of the color of a peach blossom. "Peach-colored satin." Shak.

PEACHER
Peach"er, n.

Defn: One who peaches. [Low] Foxe.

PEACHICK
Pea"chick`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The chicken of the peacock.

PEACHY
Peach"y, a.

Defn: Resembling a peach or peaches.

PEACOCK Pea"cock`, n. Etym: [OE. pecok. Pea- in this word is from AS. peá, pawa, peacock, fr. L. pavo, prob. of Oriental origin; cf. Gr. taus, tawus, Ar. tawu. See Cock the bird.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The male of any pheasant of the genus Pavo, of which at least two species are known, native of Southern Asia and the East Indies.

Note: The upper tail coverts, which are long and capable of erection, are each marked with a black spot bordered by concentric bands of brilliant blue, green, and golden colors. The common domesticated species is Pavo cristatus. The Javan peacock (P. muticus) is more brilliantly colored than the common species.

2. In common usage, the species in general or collectively; a peafowl. Peacock butterfly (Zoöl.), a handsome European butterfly (Hamadryas Io) having ocelli like those of peacock. — Peacock fish (Zoöl.), the European blue-striped wrasse (Labrus variegatus); — so called on account of its brilliant colors. Called also cook wrasse and cook. — Peacock pheasant (Zoöl.), any one of several species of handsome Asiatic pheasants of the genus Polyplectron. They resemble the peacock in color.

PEACOCK THRONE
Pea"cock` Throne.

1. A famous throne formerly of the kings of Delhi, India, but since 1739, when it was carried off by Nadir Shah, held by the shahs of Persia (later Iran); — so called from its bearing a fully expanded peacock's tail done in gems.

PEAFOWL
Pea"fowl`, n. Etym: [See Peacock.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The peacock or peahen; any species of Pavo.

PEAG
Peag, n. [Written also peage, peak, peeke.] [Prob. of North Amer.
Indian origin.]

Defn: A kind of aboriginal shell money, or wampum, of the Atlantic coast of the United States; — originally applied only to polished white cylindrical beads.

PEAGE
Pe"age, n.

Defn: See Paage.

PEAGRIT
Pea"grit`, n. (Min.)

Defn: A coarse pisolitic limestone. See Pisolite.

PEAHEN
Pea"hen`, n. Etym: [See Peacock.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The hen or female peafowl.

PEA-JACKET Pea"-jack`et, n. Etym: [Prob. fr. D. pij, pije, a coat of a coarse woolen stuff.]

Defn: A thick loose woolen jacket, or coat, much worn by sailors in cold weather.

PEAK Peak, n. Etym: [OE. pek, AS. peac, perh of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. peac a sharp-pointed thing. Cf. Pike.]

1. A point; the sharp end or top of anything that terminates in a point; as, the peak, or front, of a cap. "Run your beard into a peak." Beau. & Fl.

2. The top, or one of the tops, of a hill, mountain, or range, ending in a point; often, the whole hill or mountain, esp. when isolated; as, the Peak of Teneriffe. Silent upon a peak in Darien. Keats.

3. (Naut.) (a) The upper aftermost corner of a fore-and-aft sail; — used in many combinations; as, peak-halyards, peak-brails, etc. (b) The narrow part of a vessel's bow, or the hold within it. (c) The extremity of an anchor fluke; the bill. [In the last sense written also pea and pee.] Fore peak. (Naut.) See under Fore.

PEAK
Peak, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Peaked; p. pr. & vb. n. Peaking.]

1. To rise or extend into a peak or point; to form, or appear as, a peak. There peaketh up a mighty high mount. Holand.

2. To acquire sharpness of figure or features; hence, to look thin or sicky. "Dwindle, peak, and pine." Shak.

3. Etym: [Cf. Peek.]

Defn: To pry; to peep slyly. Shak. Peak arch (Arch.), a pointed or
Gothic arch.

PEAK
Peak, v. t. (Naut.)

Defn: To raise to a position perpendicular, or more nearly so; as, to peak oars, to hold them upright; to peak a gaff or yard, to set it nearer the perpendicular.

PEAKED
Peaked, a.

1. Pointed; ending in a point; as, a peaked roof.

2. (Oftener

Defn: Sickly; not robust. [Colloq.]

PEAKING
Peak"ing, a.

1. Mean; sneaking. [Vulgar]

2. Pining; sickly; peakish. [Colloq.]

PEAKISH
Peak"ish, a.

1. Of or relating to a peak; or to peaks; belonging to a mountainous region. "Her peakish spring." Drayton. "His peakish dialect." Bp. Hall.

2. Having peaks; peaked.

3. Having features thin or sharp, as from sickness; hence, sickly. [Colloq.]

PEAKY
Peak"y, a.

1. Having a peak or peaks. Tennyson.

2. Sickly; peaked. [Colloq.]

PEAL
Peal, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small salmon; a grilse; a sewin. [Prov. Eng.]

PEAL
Peal, v. i.

Defn: To appeal. [Obs.] Spencer.

PEAL Peal, n. Etym: [An abbrev. of F. appel a call, appeal, ruffle of a drum, fr. appeller to call, L. appellare. See Appeal.]

1. A loud sound, or a succession of loud sounds, as of bells, thunder, cannon, shouts, of a multitude, etc. "A fair peal of artillery." Hayward. Whether those peals of praise be his or no. Shak. And a deep thunder, peal on peal, afar. Byron.

2. A set of bells tuned to each other according to the diatonic scale; also, the changes rung on a set of bells. To ring a peal. See under Ring.

PEAL
Peal, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pealed; p. pr. & vb. n. Pealing.]

1. To utter or give out loud sounds. There let the pealing organ blow. Milton.

2. To resound; to echo. And the whole air pealed With the cheers of our men. Longfellow.

PEAL
Peal, v. t.

1. To utter or give forth loudly; to cause to give out loud sounds; to noise abroad. The warrior's name, Though pealed and chimed on all the tongues of fame. J. Barlow.

2. To assail with noise or loud sounds. Nor was his ear less pealed. Milton.

3. To pour out. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

PEAN
Pean, n. Etym: [OF. pene, F. panne.] (Her.)

Defn: One of the furs, the ground being sable, and the spots or tufts or.

PEAN
Pe"an, n.

Defn: A song of praise and triumph. See Pæan.

PEANISM
Pe"an*ism, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The song or shout of praise, of battle, or of triumph. [R.]

PEANUT
Pea"nut, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The fruit of a trailing leguminous plant (Arachis hypogæa); also, the plant itself, which is widely cultivated for its fruit.

Note: The fruit is a hard pod, usually containing two or three seeds, sometimes but one, which ripen beneath the soil. Called also earthnut, groundnut, and goober.

PEANUT BUTTER
Pea"nut but"ter.

Defn: A paste made by mixing ground fresh roasted peanuts with a small quantity of water or oil, and used chiefly as a relish on sandwiches, etc.

PEAR
Pear, n. Etym: [OE. pere, AS. peru, L. pirum: cf. F. poire. Cf.
Perry.] (Bot.)

Defn: The fleshy pome, or fruit, of a rosaceous tree (Pyrus communis), cultivated in many varieties in temperate climates; also, the tree which bears this fruit. See Pear family, below. Pear blight. (a) (Bot.) A name of two distinct diseases of pear trees, both causing a destruction of the branches, viz., that caused by a minute insect (Xyleborus pyri), and that caused by the freezing of the sap in winter. A. J. Downing. (b) (Zoöl.) A very small beetle (Xyleborus pyri) whose larvæ bore in the twigs of pear trees and cause them to wither. — Pear family (Bot.), a suborder of rosaceous plants (Pomeæ), characterized by the calyx tube becoming fleshy in fruit, and, combined with the ovaries, forming a pome. It includes the apple, pear, quince, service berry, and hewthorn. — Pear gauge (Physics), a kind of gauge for measuring the exhaustion of an air-pump receiver; — so called because consisting in part of a pear-shaped glass vessel. Pear shell (Zoöl.), any marine gastropod shell of the genus Pyrula, native of tropical seas; — so called from the shape. — Pear slug (Zoöl.), the larva of a sawfly which is very injurious to the foliage of the pear tree.

PEARCH
Pearch, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Perch.

PEARL
Pearl, n.

Defn: A fringe or border. [Obs.] — v. t.

Defn: To fringe; to border. [Obs.] See Purl. Pearl stitch. See Purl stitch, under Purl.

PEARL Pearl, n. Etym: [OE. perle, F. perle, LL. perla, perula, probably fr. (assumed) L. pirulo, dim. of L. pirum a pear. See Pear, and cf. Purl to mantle.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A shelly concretion, usually rounded, and having a brilliant luster, with varying tints, found in the mantle, or between the mantle and shell, of certain bivalve mollusks, especially in the pearl oysters and river mussels, and sometimes in certain univalves. It is usually due to a secretion of shelly substance around some irritating foreign particle. Its substance is the same as nacre, or mother-of-pearl. Pearls which are round, or nearly round, and of fine luster, are highly esteemed as jewels, and compare in value with the precious stones.

2. Hence, figuratively, something resembling a pearl; something very
precious.
I see thee compassed with thy kingdom's pearl. Shak.
And those pearls of dew she wears. Milton.

3. Nacre, or mother-of-pearl.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish allied to the turbot; the brill.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A light-colored tern.

6. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the circle of tubercles which form the bur on a deer's antler.

7. A whitish speck or film on the eye. [Obs.] Milton.

8. A capsule of gelatin or similar substance containing some liquid for medicinal application, as ether.

9. (Print.)

Defn: A size of type, between agate and diamond. * This line is printed in the type called pearl. Ground pearl. (Zoöl.) See under Ground. — Pearl barley, kernels of barley, ground so as to form small, round grains. — Pearl diver, one who dives for pearl oysters. — Pearl edge, an edge of small loops on the side of some kinds of ribbon; also, a narrow kind of thread edging to be sewed on lace. — Pearl eye, cataract. [R.] — Pearl gray, a very pale and delicate blue-gray color. — Pearl millet, Egyptian millet (Penicillaria spicata). — Pearl moss. See Carrageen. — Pearl moth (Zoöl.), any moth of the genus Margaritia; — so called on account of its pearly color. — Pearl oyster (Zoöl.), any one of several species of large tropical marine bivalve mollusks of the genus Meleagrina, or Margaritifera, found in the East Indies (especially at Ceylon), in the Persian Gulf, on the coast of Australia, and on the Pacific coast of America. Called also pearl shell, and pearl mussel. — Pearl powder. See Pearl white, below. — Pearl sago, sago in the form of small pearly grains. — Pearl sinter (Min.), fiorite. — Pearl spar (Min.), a crystallized variety of dolomite, having a pearly luster. — Pearl white. (a) Basic bismuth nitrate, or bismuth subchloride; - - used chiefly as a cosmetic. (b) A variety of white lead blued with indigo or Berlin blue.

PEARL
Pearl, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pearl or pearls; made of pearls, or of mother-of-pearl.

PEARL
Pearl, v. t.

1. To set or adorn with pearls, or with mother-of-pearl. Used also figuratively.

2. To cause to resemble pearls; to make into small round grains; as, to pearl barley.

PEARL
Pearl, v. i.

1. To resemble pearl or pearls.

2. To give or hunt for pearls; as, to go pearling.

PEARLACEOUS
Pearl*a"ceous, a.

Defn: Resembling pearl or mother-of-pearl; pearly in quality or appearance.

PEARLASH
Pearl"ash`, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A white amorphous or granular substance which consists principally of potassium carbonate, and has a strong alkaline reaction. It is obtained by lixiviating wood ashes, and evaporating the lye, and has been an important source of potassium compounds. It is used in making soap, glass, etc.

PEARL-EYED
Pearl"-eyed`, a.

Defn: Having a pearly speck in the eye; afflicted with the cataract.

PEARLFISH
Pearl"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any fish whose scales yield a pearl-like pigment used in manufacturing artificial pearls, as the bleak, and whitebait.

PEARLINS; PEARLINGS
Pearl"ins, Pearl"ings, n. pl. Etym: [Prob. a corruption of purflings.
See Purfle.]

Defn: A kind of lace of silk or thread. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

PEARLITE; PEARLSTONE
Pearl"ite, Pearl"stone`, n. (Min.)

Defn: A glassy volcanic rock of a grayish color and pearly luster, often having a spherulitic concretionary structure due to the curved cracks produced by contraction in cooling. See Illust. under Perlitic.

PEARLWORT
Pearl"wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A name given to several species of Sagina, low and inconspicuous herbs of the Chickweed family.

PEARLY
Pearl"y, a.

1. Containing pearls; abounding with, or yielding, pearls; as, pearly shells. Milton.

2. Resembling pearl or pearls; clear; pure; transparent; iridescent; as, the pearly dew or flood.

PEARMAIN
Pear"main, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The name of several kinds of apples; as, the blue pearmain, winter pearmain, and red pearmain.

PEAR-SHAPED
Pear"-shaped`, a.

Defn: Of the form of a pear.

PEART
Peart, a. Etym: [A variant of pert, a.]

Defn: Active; lively; brisk; smart; — often applied to convalescents; as, she is quite peart to-day. [O. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.] There was a tricksy girl, I wot, albeit clad in gray, As peart as bird, as straight as bolt, as fresh as flowers in May. Warner (1592).

PEASANT Peas"ant, n. Etym: [OF. païsant (the i being perh. due to confusion with the p.pr. of verbs), païsan, F. paysan, fr. OF. & F. pays country, fr. L. pagus the country. See Pagan.]

Defn: A countryman; a rustic; especially, one of the lowest class of tillers of the soil in European countries.

Syn.
— Countryman; rustic; swain; hind.

PEASANT
Peas"ant, a.

Defn: Rustic, rural. Spenser.

PEASANTLIKE
Peas"ant*like`, a.

Defn: Rude; clownish; illiterate.

PEASANTLY
Peas"ant*ly, a.

Defn: Peasantlike. [Obs.] Milton.

PEASANTRY
Peas"ant*ry, n.

1. Peasants, collectively; the body of rustics. "A bold peasantry." Goldsmith.

2. Rusticity; coarseness. [Obs.] p. Butler.

PEASCOD
Peas"cod`, n.

Defn: The legume or pericarp, or the pod, of the pea.

PEASE
Pease, n.; obs.pl. Peases, Peasen. Etym: [See Pea.]

1. A pea. [Obs.] "A peose." "Bread . . . of beans and of peses." Piers Plowman.

2. A plural form of Pea. See the Note under Pea.

PEASTONE
Pea"stone`, n. (Min.)

Defn: Pisolite.

PEASWEEP Peas"weep`, n. Etym: [So called from its note.] [Prov. Eng.] (Zoöl.) (a) The pewit, or lapwing. (b) The greenfinch.

PEAT
Peat, n. Etym: [Cf. Pet a fondling.]

Defn: A small person; a pet; — sometimes used contemptuously. [Obs.]
Shak.

PEAT
Peat, n. Etym: [Prob. for beat, prop., material used to make the fire
burn better, fr. AS. b to better, mend (a fire), b advantage. See
Better, Boot advantage.]

Defn: A substance of vegetable origin, consisting of roots and fibers, moss, etc., in various stages of decomposition, and found, as a kind of turf or bog, usually in low situations, where it is always more or less saturated with water. It is often dried and used for fuel. Peat bog, a bog containing peat; also, peat as it occurs in such places; peat moss. — Peat moss. (a) The plants which, when decomposed, become peat. (b) A fen producing peat. (c) (Bot.) Moss of the genus Sphagnum, which often grows abundantly in boggy or peaty places. — Peat reek, the reek or smoke of peat; hence, also, the peculiar flavor given to whisky by being distilled with peat as fuel. [Scot.]

PEATY
Peat"y, a.

Defn: Composed of peat; abounding in peat; resembling peat.

PEAVEY; PEAVY
Pea"vey Pea"vy, n. [Said to be from the inventor's name.] (Lumbering)

Defn: A cant hook having the end of its lever armed with a spike.

PEBA
Pe"ba, n. Etym: [Cf. Pg. peba.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An armadillo (Tatusia novemcincta) which is found from Texas to
Paraguay; — called also tatouhou.

PEBBLE
Peb"ble, n. Etym: [AS. papolstan; cf. L. papula pimple, mote. See
Stone.]

1. A small roundish stone or bowlder; especially, a stone worn and rounded by the action of water; a pebblestone. "The pebbles on the hungry beach." Shak. As children gathering pebbles on the shore. Milton.

2. Transparent and colorless rock crystal; as, Brazilian pebble; — so called by opticians. Pebble powder, slow-burning gunpowder, in large cubical grains. — Scotch pebble, varieties of quartz, as agate, chalcedony, etc., obtained from cavities in amygdaloid.

PEBBLE
Peb"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pebbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Pebbling.]

Defn: To grain (leather) so as to produce a surface covered with small rounded prominences.

PEBBLED
Peb"bled, a.

Defn: Abounding in pebbles. Thomson.

PEBBLESTONE
Peb"ble*stone`.

Defn: A pebble; also, pebbles collectively. "Chains of pebblestone."
Marlowe.

PEBBLY
Peb"bly, a.

Defn: Full of pebbles; pebbled. "A hard, pebbly bottom." Johnson.

PEBRINE
Pe`brine", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: An epidemic disease of the silkworm, characterized by the presence of minute vibratory corpuscles in the blood.

PECAN
Pe*can", n. Etym: [Cf. F. pacane the nut.] (Bot.)

Defn: A species of hickory (Carya olivæformis), growing in North America, chiefly in the Mississippi valley and in Texas, where it is one of the largest of forest trees; also, its fruit, a smooth, oblong nut, an inch or an inch and a half long, with a thin shell and well- flavored meat. [Written also pacane.]

PECARY
Pec"a*ry, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Peccary.

PECCABILITY
Pec`ca*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being peccable; lability to sin.
The common peccability of mankind. Dr. H. More.

PECCABLE
Pec"ca*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. peccable. See Peccant.]

Defn: Liable to sin; subject to transgress the divine law. "A frail and peccable mortal." Sir W. Scott.

PECCADILLO Pec`ca*dil"lo, n; pl. Peccadillos. Etym: [Sp. pecadillo, dim. of pecado a sin, fr. L. peccatum. See Peccant.]

Defn: A slight trespass or offense; a petty crime or fault. Sir W.
Scott.

PECCANCY
Pec"can*cy, n. Etym: [L. peccantia.]

1. The quality or state of being peccant.

2. A sin; an offense. W. Montagu.

PECCANT
Pec"cant, a. Etym: [L. peccans, -antis, p.pr. of peccare to sin: cf.
F. peccant.]

1. Sinning; guilty of transgression; criminal; as, peccant angels. Milton.

2. Morbid; corrupt; as, peccant humors. Bacon.

3. Wrong; defective; faulty. [R.] Ayliffe.

PECCANT
Pec"cant, n.

Defn: An offender. [Obs.] Whitlock.

PECCANTLY
Pec"cant*ly, adv.

Defn: In a peccant manner.

PECCARY Pec"ca*ry, n.; pl. Peccaries. Etym: [From the native South American name: cf. F. pécari, Sp. pecar.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A pachyderm of the genus Dicotyles.

Note: The collared peccary, or tajacu (Dicotyles torquatus), is about the size and shape of a small hog, and has a white ring aroung the neck. It ranges from Arkansas to Brazil. A larger species (D. labiatus), with white cheeks, is found in South America.

PECCAVI
Pec*ca"vi. Etym: [L.]

Defn: I have sinned; — used colloquially to express confession or acknowledgment of an offense. Aubrey.

PECCO
Pec"co, n.

Defn: See Pekoe.

PECK Peck, n. Etym: [Perh. akin to pack; or, orig., an indefinite quantity, and fr. peck, v. (below): cf. also F. picotin a peak.]

1. The fourth part of a bushel; a dry measure of eight quarts; as, a peck of wheat. "A peck of provender." Shak.

2. A great deal; a large or excessive quantity. "A peck of uncertainties and doubts." Milton.

PECK
Peck, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pecked; p. pr. & vb. n. Pecking.] Etym:
[See Pick, v.]

1. To strike with the beak; to thrust the beak into; as, a bird pecks a tree.

2. Hence: To strike, pick, thrust against, or dig into, with a pointed instrument; especially, to strike, pick, etc., with repeated quick movements.

3. To seize and pick up with the beak, or as with the beak; to bite; to eat; — often with up. Addison. This fellow pecks up wit as pigeons peas. Shak.

4. To make, by striking with the beak or a pointed instrument; as, to peck a hole in a tree.

PECK
Peck, v. i.

1. To make strokes with the beak, or with a pointed instrument. Carew.

2. To pick up food with the beak; hence, to eat. [The hen] went pecking by his side. Dryden. To peck at, to attack with petty and repeated blows; to carp at; to nag; to tease.

PECK
Peck, n.

Defn: A quick, sharp stroke, as with the beak of a bird or a pointed instrument.

PECKER
Peck"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, pecks; specif., a bird that pecks holes in trees; a woodpecker.

2. An instrument for pecking; a pick. Garth. Flower pecker. (Zoöl.) See under Flower.

PECKISH
Peck"ish, a.

Defn: Inclined to eat; hungry. [Colloq.] "When shall I feel peckish again" Beaconsfield.

PECKLED
Pec"kled, a.

Defn: Speckled; spotted. [Obs.]

PECOPTERIS
Pe*cop"te*ris, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extensive genus of fossil ferns; — so named from the regular comblike arrangement of the leaflets.

PECORA
Pec"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. pecus. See Pecuniary.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive division of ruminants, including the antelopes, deer, and cattle.

PECTATE
Pec"tate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of pectic acid.

PECTEN
Pec"ten, n. Etym: [L. pecten, -inis, a comb, a kind of shellfish. See
Pectinate.]

1. (Anat.) (a) A vascular pigmented membrane projecting into the vitreous humor within the globe of the eye in birds, and in many reptiles and fishes; — also called marsupium. (b) The pubic bone.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of bivalve mollusks of the genus Pecten, and numerous allied genera (family Pectinidæ); a scallop. See Scallop.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The comb of a scorpion. See Comb, 4 (b).

PECTIC
Pec"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to pectin; specifically, designating an acid obtained from ordinary vegetable jelly (pectin) as an amorphous substance, tough and horny when dry, but gelatinous when moist.

PECTIN
Pec"tin, n. Etym: [Gr. pectine.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of a series of carbohydrates, commonly called vegetable jelly, found very widely distributed in the vegetable kingdom, especially in ripe fleshy fruits, as apples, cranberries, etc. It is extracted as variously colored, translucent substances, which are soluble in hot water but become viscous on cooling.

PECTINAL
Pec"ti*nal, a. Etym: [L. pecten comb. See Pectinate.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a comb; resembling a comb.

PECTINAL
Pec"ti*nal, n.

Defn: A fish whose bone Sir T. Browne.

PECTINATE; PECTINATED
Pec"ti*na`te, Pec"ti*na`ted, a. Etym: [L. pectinatus, p.pr. of
pectinare to comb, from pecten, -inis, a comb; cf. Gr. feax hair,
OHG. fahs, E. paxwax.]

1. Resembling the teeth of a comb.

2. (Nat. Hist.)

Defn: Having very narrow, close divisions, in arrangement and regularity resembling those of a comb; comblike; as, a pectinate leaf; pectinated muscles. See Illust. (e) of Antennæ.

3. Interlaced, like two combs. [R.] "Our fingers pectinated, or shut together." Sir T. Browne. Pectinate claw (Zoöl.), a claw having a serrate edge, found in some birds, and supposed to be used in cleaning the feathers.

PECTINATELY
Pec"ti*nate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pectinate manner.

PECTINATION
Pec`ti*na"tion, n.

1. The state of being pectinated; that which is pectinated. Sir T. Browne.

2. The act of combing; the combing of the head.

3. (Nat. Hist.)

Defn: Comblike toothing.

PECTINEAL Pec*tin"e*al, a. Etym: [See Pecten.] (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to the pecten. (b) Relating to, or connected with, the pubic bone.

PECTINIBRANCH
Pec*tin"i*branch, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Pectinibranchiata. Also used adjectively.

PECTINIBRANCHIATA
Pec`ti*ni*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pecten, and Branchia.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Gastropoda, including those that have a comblike gill upon the neck.

PECTINIBRANCHIATE Pec`ti*ni*bran"chi*ate, a. Etym: [L. pecten, -inis, a comb + E. branchiate.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having pectinated gills.

PECTINIFORM
Pec*tin"i*form, a.

Defn: Comblike in form.

PECTIZE
Pec*tize", v. i. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: To congeal; to change into a gelatinous mass. [R.] H. Spencer.

PECTOLITE
Pec"to*lite, n. Etym: [L. pecten a comb + -lite.] (Min.)

Defn: A whitish mineral occurring in radiated or fibrous crystalline masses. It is a hydrous silicate of lime and soda.

PECTORAL Pec"to*ral, a. Etym: [L. pectoralis, fr. pectus, -oris the breast; cf. F. pectoral.]

1. Of or pertaining to the breast, or chest; as, the pectoral muscles.

2. Relating to, or good for, diseases of the chest or lungs; as, a pectoral remedy.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the breast conspicuously colored; as, the pectoral sandpiper. Pectoral arch, or Pectoral girdle (Anat.), the two or more bony or cartilaginous pieces of the vertebrate skeleton to which the fore limbs are articulated; the shoulder girdle. In man it consists of two bones, the scapula and clavicle, on each side. — Pectorial cross (Eccl.), a cross worn on the breast by bishops and abbots, and sometimes also by canons. — Pectorial fins, or Pectorials (Zoöl.), fins situated on the sides, behind the gills. See Illust. under Fin. — Pectorial rail. (Zoöl.) See Land rail (b) under Land. — Pectorial sandpiper (Zoöl.), the jacksnipe (b).

PECTORAL Pec"to*ral, n. Etym: [L. pectorale a breastplate, neut. of pectorials.]

1. A covering or protecting for the breast.

2. (Eccl.) (a) A breastplate, esp. that worn by the Jewish high person. (b) A clasp or a cross worn on the breast.

3. A medicine for diseases of the chest organs, especially the lungs.

PECTORALLY
Pec"to*ral*ly, adv.

Defn: As connected with the breast.

PECTORILOQUIAL
Pec`to*ri*lo"qui*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pectoriloque.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or of the nature of, pectoriloquy.

PECTORILOQUISM
Pec`to*ril"o*quism, n.

Defn: Pectoriloquy.

PECTORILOQUOUS
Pec`to*ril"o*quous, a.

Defn: Pectoriloquial.

PECTORILOQUY Pec`to*ril"o*quy, n. Etym: [L. pectus, -oris, the breast + loqui to speak: cf. F. pectoriloquie.] (Med.)

Defn: The distinct articulation of the sounds of a patient's voice, heard on applying the ear to the chest in auscultation. It usually indicates some morbid change in the lungs or pleural cavity.

PECTOSE
Pec"tose`, n. Etym: [Pectic + cellulose.] (Chem.)

Defn: An amorphous carbohydrate found in the vegetable kingdom, esp. in unripe fruits. It is associated with cellulose, and is converted into substances of the pectin group.

PECTOSIC
Pec*to"sic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, resembling, or derived from, pectose; specifically, designating an acid supposed to constitute largely ordinary pectin or vegetable jelly.

PECTOSTRACA
Pec*tos"tra*ca, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A degenerate order of Crustacea, including the Rhizocephala and
Cirripedia.

PECTOUS
Pec"tous, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or consisting of, pectose.

PECTUS
Pec"tus, n.; pl. Pectora. Etym: [L., the breast.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The breast of a bird.

PECUL
Pec"ul, n.

Defn: See Picul.

PECULATE
Pec"u*late, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Peculated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Peculating.] Etym: [L. peculatus, p.p. of peculari to peculate, akin
to peculium private property. See Peculiar.]

Defn: To appropriate to one's own use the property of the public; to steal public moneys intrusted to one's care; to embezzle. An oppressive, . . . rapacious, and peculating despotism. Burke.

PECULATION
Pec`u*la"tion, n.

Defn: The act or practice of peculating, or of defrauding the public by appropriating to one's own use the money or goods intrusted to one's care for management or disbursement; embezzlement. Every British subject . . . active in the discovery of peculations has been ruined. Burke.

PECULATOR
Pec"u*la`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who peculates. "Peculators of the public gold." Cowper.

PECULIAR Pe*cul"iar, a. Etym: [L. peculiaris, fr. peculium private property, akin to pecunia money: cf. OF. peculier. See Pecuniary.]

1. One's own; belonging solely or especially to an individual; not possessed by others; of private, personal, or characteristic possession and use; not owned in common or in participation. And purify unto himself a peculiar people. Titus ii. 14. Hymns . . . that Christianity hath peculiar unto itself. Hooker.

2. Particular; individual; special; appropriate. While each peculiar power forgoes his wonted seat. Milton. My fate is Juno's most peculiar care. Dryden.

3. Unusual; singular; rare; strange; as, the sky had a peculiarappearance.

Syn. — Peculiar, Special, Especial. Peculiar is from the Roman peculium, which was a thing emphatically and distinctively one's own, and hence was dear. The former sense always belongs to peculiar (as, a peculiar style, peculiar manners, etc.), and usually so much of the latter as to involve feelings of interest; as, peculiar care, watchfulness, satisfaction, etc. Nothing of this kind belongs to special and especial. They mark simply the relation of species to genus, and denote that there is something in this case more than ordinary; as, a special act of Congress; especial pains, etc. Beauty, which, either walking or asleep, Shot forth peculiar graces. Milton. For naught so vile that on the earth doth live, But to the earth some special good doth give. Shak.

PECULIAR
Pe*cul"iar, n.

1. That which is peculiar; a sole or exclusive property; a prerogative; a characteristic. Revenge is . . . the peculiar of Heaven. South.

2. (Eng. Canon Law)

Defn: A particular parish or church which is exempt from the jurisdiction of the ordinary. Court of Peculiars (Eng. Law), a branch of the Court of Arches having cognizance of the affairs of peculiars. Blackstone. — Dean of peculiars. See under Dean, 1.

PECULIARITY
Pe*cul`iar"i*ty, n.; pl. Peculiarities (.

1. The quality or state of being peculiar; individuality; singularity. Swift.

2. That which is peculiar; a special and distinctive characteristic or habit; particularity. The smallest peculiarity of temper on manner. Macaulay.

3. Exclusive possession or right. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

PECULIARIZE
Pe*cul"iar*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pecularized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Pecularizing.]

Defn: To make peculiar; to set appart or assign, as an exclusive possession. [R.] Dr. John Smith.

PECULIARLY
Pe*cul"iar*ly, adv.

Defn: In a peculiar manner; particulary; in a rare and striking degree; unusually.

PECULIARNESS
Pe*cul"iar*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being peculiar; peculiarity. Mede.

PECULIUM
Pe*cu"li*um, n. Etym: [L. See Peculiar.]

1. (Rom. Law)

Defn: The saving of a son or a slave with the father's or master's consent; a little property or stock of one's own; any exclusive personal or separate property. Burrill.

2. A special fund for private and personal uses. A slight peculium only subtracted to supply his snuff box and tobacco pouch. Sir W. Scott.

PECUNIAL
Pe*cu"ni*al, a.

Defn: Pecuniary. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PECUNIARILY
Pe*cun"ia*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pecuniary manner; as regards money.

PECUNIARY Pe*cun"ia*ry, a. Etym: [L. pecuniarius, fr. pecunia money, orig., property in cattle, fr. pecus cattle: cf. F. pécuniaire. See Fee, and cf. Peculiar.]

1. Relating to money; monetary; as, a pecuniary penalty; a pecuniary reward. Burke.

PECUNIOUS Pe*cu"ni*ous, a. Etym: [L. pecuniosus, fr. pecunia: cf. F. pécunieux.]

Defn: Abounding in money; wealthy; rich. [Obs.] Sherwood.

PED
Ped, n. Etym: [OE. See Peddler.]

Defn: A basket; a hammer; a pannier. [Obs.] Halliwell.

PEDAGE
Ped"age, n. Etym: [LL. pedagium, for pedaticum. See Paage.]

Defn: A toll or tax paid by passengers, entitling them to safe- conduct and protection. [Obs.] Spelman.

PEDAGOG
Ped"a*gog, n.

Defn: Pedagogue.

PEDAGOGIC
Ped`a*gog"ic, n. Etym: [From Pedagogic, a.; cf. G. pedagogik.]

Defn: See Pedagogics.

PEDAGOGIC; PEDAGOGICAL
Ped`a*gog"ic, Ped`a*gog"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. pédagogique. See
Pedagogue.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pedagogue; suited to, or characteristic of, a pedagogue.

PEDAGOGICS
Ped`a*gog"ics, n.

Defn: The science or art of teaching; the principles and rules of teaching; pedagogy.

PEDAGOGISM
Ped"a*gog*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pédagogisme.]

Defn: The system, occupation, character, or manner of pedagogues.
Milton.
Avocation of pedantry and pedagogism. De Foe.

PEDAGOGUE Ped"a*gogue, n. Etym: [F. pédagogue, L. paedagogus, Gr. Page a servant, Agent.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A slave who led his master's children to school, and had the charge of them generally.

2. A teacher of children; one whose occupation is to teach the young; a schoolmaster.

3. One who by teaching has become formal, positive, or pedantic in his ways; one who has the manner of a schoolmaster; a pedant. Goldsmith.

PEDAGOGUE
Ped"a*gogue, v. t. Etym: [Cf. L. paedagogare to instruct.]

Defn: To play the pedagogue toward. [Obs.] Prior.

PEDAGOGY
Ped"a*go`gy, n. Etym: [Gr. pédagogie.]

Defn: Pedagogics; pedagogism. South.

PEDAL
Pe"dal, a. Etym: [L. pedalis, fr. pes, pedis, foot. See Foot, and cf.
Pew.]

1. Of or pertaining to the foot, or to feet, literally or figuratively; specifically (Zoöl.), pertaining to the foot of a mollusk; as, the pedal ganglion.

2. (

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pedal; having pedals. Pedal curve or surface (Geom.), the curve or surface which is the locus of the feet of perpendiculars let fall from a fixed point upon the straight lines tangent to a given curve, or upon the planes tangent to a given surface. — Pedal note (Mus.), the note which is held or sustained through an organ point. See Organ point, under Organ. — Pedal organ (Mus.), an organ which has pedals or a range of keys moved by the feet; that portion of a full organ which is played with the feet.

PEDAL
Pe"dal, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pédale, It. pedale. See Pedal, a.]

1. (Mech.)

Defn: A lever or key acted on by the foot, as in the pianoforte to raise the dampers, or in the organ to open and close certain pipes; a treadle, as in a lathe or a bicycle.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: A pedal curve or surface.

PEDALIAN
Pe*da"li*an, a.

Defn: Relating to the foot, or to a metrical foot; pedal. [R.]
Maunder.

PEDALITY
Pe*dal"i*ty, n.

Defn: The act of measuring by paces. [R.] Ash.

PEDANEOUS
Pe*da"ne*ous, a. Etym: [L. pedaneus of the size of a foot.]

Defn: Going on foot; pedestrian. [R.]

PEDANT
Ped"ant, n. Etym: [F. pédant, It. pedante, fr. Gr. pai^s boy. See
Pedagogue.]

1. A schoolmaster; a pedagogue. [Obs.] Dryden. A pedant that keeps a school i'th' church. Shak.

2. One who puts on an air of learning; one who makes a vain display of learning; a pretender to superior knowledge. Addison. A scholar, yet surely no pedant, was he. Goldsmith.

PEDANTIC; PEDANTICAL
Pe*dan"tic, Pe*dan"tic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pedant; characteristic of, or resembling, a pedant; ostentatious of learning; as, a pedantic writer; a pedantic description; a pedantical affectation. "Figures pedantical." Shak.

PEDANTICALLY
Pe*dan"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pedantic manner.

PEDANTICLY
Pe*dan"tic*ly, adv.

Defn: Pedantically. [R.]

PEDANTISM
Ped"ant*ism, n.

Defn: The office, disposition, or act of a pedant; pedantry. [Obs.]

PEDANTIZE
Ped"ant*ize, v. i. Etym: [Cf. F. pédantiser.]

Defn: To play the pedant; to use pedantic expressions. [R.]

PEDANTOCRACY
Ped`an*toc"ra*cy, n. Etym: [Pedant + democracy.]

Defn: The sway of pedants. [R.] J. S. Mill.

PEDANTRY
Ped"ant*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pédanterie.]

Defn: The act, character, or manners of a pedant; vain ostentation of learning. "This pedantry of quotation." Cowley. 'T is a practice that savors much of pedantry. Sir T. Browne.

PEDANTY
Ped"ant*y, n.

Defn: An assembly or clique of pedants. [Obs.] Milton.

PEDARIAN Pe*da"ri*an, n. Etym: [L. pedarius, fr. pedarius belonging to the foot, fr. pes, pedis, foot.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: One of a class eligible to the office of senator, but not yet chosen, who could sit and speak in the senate, but could not vote; — so called because he might indicate his opinion by walking over to the side of the party he favored when a vote was taken.

PEDARY
Ped"a*ry, n.; pl. Pedaries. Etym: [L. pedarius of the foot.]

Defn: A sandal. [Obs.] Latimer.

PEDATA
Pe*da"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pedate.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of holothurians, including those that have ambulacral suckers, or feet, and an internal gill.

PEDATE Ped"ate, a. Etym: [L. pedatus, p.p. of pedare to furnish with feet, fr. pes, pedis, a foot.] (Bot.)

Defn: Palmate, with the lateral lobes cleft into two or more segments; — said of a leaf. — Ped"ate*ly, adv.

PEDATIFID
Pe*dat"i*fid, a. Etym: [Pedate + root of L. findere to split.]
[Colloq.]

Defn: Cleft in a pedate manner, but having the lobes distinctly connected at the base; — said of a leaf.

PEDDLE
Ped"dle, v. i. Etym: [From Peddler.]

1. To travel about with wares for sale; to go from place to place, or from house to house, for the purpose of retailing goods; as, to peddle without a license.

2. To do a small business; to be busy about trifles; to piddle.

PEDDLE
Ped"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Peddled; p. pr. & vb. n. Peddling.]

Defn: To sell from place to place; to retail by carrying around from customer to customer; to hawk; hence, to retail in very small quantities; as, to peddle vegetables or tinware.

PEDDLER
Ped"dler, n. Etym: [OE. pedlere, pedlare, also peddare, peoddare, fr.
OE. ped a basket, of unknown origin.]

Defn: One who peddles; a traveling trader; one who travels about, retailing small wares; a hawker. [Written also pedlar and pedler.] "Some vagabond huckster or peddler." Hakluyt.

PEDDLERY
Ped"dler*y, n. Etym: [Written also pedlary and pedlery.]

1. The trade, or the goods, of a peddler; hawking; small retail business, like that of a peddler.

2. Trifling; trickery. [Obs.] "Look . . . into these their deceitful peddleries." Milton.

PEDDLING
Ped"dling, a.

1. Hawking; acting as a peddler.

2. Petty; insignificant. "The miserable remains of a peddling commerce." Burke.

PEDERAST Ped"er*ast, n. Etym: [Gr. paiderasth`s; pai^s, paido`s, a boy + 'era^n to love: cf. F. pédéraste.]

Defn: One guilty of pederasty; a sodomite.

PEDERASTIC
Ped`er*as"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. paiderastiko`s.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to pederasty.

PEDERASTY
Ped"er*as`ty, n. Etym: [Gr. paiderasti`a: cf. F. pédérastie.]

Defn: The crime against nature; sodomy.

PEDERERO Ped`e*re"ro, n. Etym: [Sp. pedrero, fr. OSp. pedra, Sp. piedra, a stone, L. petra, fr. Gr. (Mil.)

Defn: A term formerly applied to a short piece of chambered ordnance.
[Written also paterero and peterero.]

PEDESIS
Pe*de"sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr.

Defn: Same as Brownian movement, under Brownian.

PEDESTAL Ped"es*tal, n. Etym: [Sp. pedestal; cf. F. piédestal, It. piedestallo; fr. L. es, pedis, foot + OHG. stal standing place, station, place, akin to E. stall. See Foot, and Stall, and Footstall.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: The base or foot of a column, statue, vase, lamp, or the like; the part on which an upright work stands. It consists of three parts, the base, the die or dado, and the cornice or surbase molding. See Illust. of Column. Build him a pedestal, and say, "Stand there!" Cowper.

2. (a) (Railroad Cars) A casting secured to the frame of a truck and forming a jaw for holding a journal box. (b) (Mach.) A pillow block; a low housing. (c) (Bridge Building) An iron socket, or support, for the foot of a brace at the end of a truss where it rests on a pier. Pedestal coil (steam Heating), a group of connected straight pipes arranged side by side and one above another, — used in a radiator.

PEDESTALED
Ped"es*taled, a.

Defn: Placed on, or supported by, a pedestal; figuratively, exalted.
Hawthorne.
Pedestaled haply in a palace court. Keats.

PEDESTRIAL Pe*des"tri*al, a. Etym: [L. pedester, -esteris, fr. pes, pedis, a foot: cf. F. pédestere. See Pedal.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the feet; employing the foot or feet.

PEDESTRIALLY
Pe*des"tri*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pedestrial manner.

PEDESTRIAN
Pe*des"tri*an, a.

Defn: Going on foot; performed on foot; as, a pedestrian journey.

PEDESTRIAN
Pe*des"tri*an, n.

Defn: A walker; one who journeys on foot; a foot traveler; specif., a professional walker or runner.

PEDESTRIANISM
Pe*des"tri*an*ism, n.

Defn: The act, art, or practice of a pedestrian; walking or running; traveling or racing on foot.

PEDESTRIANIZE Pe*des"tri*an*ize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pedestrianized; p. pr. & vb. n. Pedestrianizing.]

Defn: To practice walking; to travel on foot.

PEDESTRIOUS
Pe*des"tri*ous, a.

Defn: Going on foot; not winged. [Obs.] "Pedestrious animals." Sir T.
Browne.

PEDETENTOUS Ped`e*ten"tous, a. Etym: [L. pes, pedis, foot + tendere to stretch out: cf. L. tentim by degrees.]

Defn: Proceeding step by step; advancing cautiously. [R.] That pedetentous pace and pedetentous mind in which it behooves the wise and virtuous improver to walk. Sydney Smith.

PEDI-; PEDO-
Ped"i-, Ped"o-. Etym: [See Foot.]

Defn: Combining forms from L. pes, pedis, foot, as pedipalp, pedireme, pedometer.

PEDIAL
Pe"di*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the foot, or to any organ called a foot; pedal.
Dana.

PEDIATRIC Ped`i*at"ric (ped`i*at"rik or ped`i*at"rik), a. [Gr. pai^s, paido`s, child + 'iatrei`a healing.] (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to the care and medical treatment of children.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

PEDIATRICS
Ped`i*at"rics, n.

Defn: That branch of medical science which treats of the hygiene and diseases of children.

PEDICEL
Ped"i*cel, n. Etym: [F. pédicelle. See Pedicle.]

1. (Bot.) (a) A stalk which supports one flower or fruit, whether solitary or one of many ultimate divisions of a common peduncle. See Peduncle, and Illust. of Flower. (b) A slender support of any special organ, as that of a capsule in mosses, an air vesicle in algæ, or a sporangium in ferns.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A slender stem by which certain of the lower animals or their eggs are attached. See Illust. of Aphis lion.

3. (Anat.) (a) The ventral part of each side of the neural arch connecting with the centrum of a vertebra. (b) An outgrowth of the frontal bones, which supports the antlers or horns in deer and allied animals.

PEDICELED
Ped"i*celed, a.

Defn: Pedicellate.

PEDICELLARIA
Ped`i*cel*la"ri*a, n.; pl. Pedicellariæ. Etym: [NL. See Pedicel.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A peculiar forcepslike organ which occurs in large numbers upon starfishes and echini. Those of starfishes have two movable jaws, or blades, and are usually nearly, or quite, sessile; those of echini usually have three jaws and a pedicel. See Illustration in Appendix.

PEDICELLATE
Ped"i*cel`late, a.

Defn: Having a pedicel; supported by a pedicel.

PEDICELLINA
Ped`i*cel*li"na, n. Etym: [NL. See Pedicel.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of Bryozoa, of the order Entoprocta, having a bell- shaped body supported on a slender pedicel. See Illust. under Entoprocta.

PEDICLE Ped"i*cle, n. Etym: [L. pediculus a little foot, dim. of pes foot: cf. F. pédicule. See edal, and cf. Pedicel.]

Defn: Same as Pedicel.

PEDICULAR Pe*dic"u*lar, a. Etym: [L. pedicularis, fr. pediculus a louse: cf. F. pédiculaire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to lice; having the lousy distemper (phthiriasis); lousy. Southey.

PEDICULATE
Pe*dic"u*late, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Pediculati.

PEDICULATI
Pe*dic`u*la"ti, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pedicle.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fishes including the anglers. See Illust. of Angler and Batfish.

PEDICULATION
Pe*dic`u*la"tion, n. (Med.)

Defn: Phthiriasis.

PEDICULE
Ped"i*cule, n. Etym: [See Pedicle.]

Defn: A pedicel.

PEDICULINA
Pe*dic`u*li"na, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pediculus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of parasitic hemipterous insects, including the true lice. See Illust. in Appendix.

PEDICULOUS
Pe*dic"u*lous, a. Etym: [L. pediculosus.]

Defn: Pedicular.

PEDICULUS
Pe*dic"u*lus, n.; pl. Pediculi. Etym: [L., a louse.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of wingless parasitic Hemiptera, including the common lice of man. See Louse.

PEDICURE
Ped"i*cure, n. [Pedi- + L. cura care.]

1. The care of the feet and nails.

2. One who cares for the feet and nails; a chiropodist. — Ped"i*cure, v. t. —Ped"i*cur*ism (#), n. —Ped"i*cur*ist (#), n.

PEDIFORM
Ped"i*form, a. Etym: [Pedi- + -form.]

Defn: Shaped like a foot.

PEDIGEROUS
Pe*dig"er*ous, a. Etym: [Pedi- + -gerous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Bearing or having feet or legs.

PEDIGREE Ped"i*gree, n. Etym: [Of unknown origin; possibly fr. F. par degrés by degrees, — for a pedigree is properly a genealogical table which records the relationship of families by degrees; or, perh., fr. F. pied de grue crane's foot, from the shape of the heraldic genealogical trees.]

1. A line of ancestors; descent; lineage; genealogy; a register or record of a line of ancestors. Alterations of surnames . . . have obscured the truth of our pedigrees. Camden. His vanity labored to contrive us a pedigree. Milton. I am no herald to inquire of men's pedigrees. Sir P. Sidney. The Jews preserved the pedigrees of their tribes. Atterbury.

2. (Stock Breeding)

Defn: A record of the lineage or strain of an animal, as of a horse.

PEDIGREE CLAUSE
Ped"i*gree clause.

Defn: A clause sometimes inserted in contracts or specifications, requiring that a material of construction, as cement, must be of a brand that has stood the test of a specified number of years' use in an important public work. [Cant, U. S.]

PEDILUVY Ped"i*lu`vy, n. Etym: [Pedi- + L. luere to wash: cf. It. & Sp. pediluvio, F. pédiluve.]

Defn: The bathing of the feet, a bath for the feet. [Obs.]

PEDIMANA Pe*dim"a*na, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. pes, pedis, foot + manus hand.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of marsupials, including the opossums.

PEDIMANE
Ped"i*mane, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pédimane.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A pedimanous marsupial; an opossum.

PEDIMANOUS
Pe*dim"a*nous, a. Etym: [See Pedimana.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having feet resembling hands, or with the first toe opposable, as the opossums and monkeys.

PEDIMENT
Ped"i*ment, n. Etym: [L. pes, pedis, a foot. See Foot.] (Arch.)

Defn: Originally, in classical architecture, the triangular space forming the gable of a simple roof; hence, a similar form used as a decoration over porticoes, doors, windows, etc.; also, a rounded or broken frontal having a similar position and use. See Temple.

PEDIMENTAL
Ped`i*men"tal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pediment.

PEDIPALP
Ped"i*palp, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pédipalpe.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Pedipalpi.

PEDIPALPI
Ped`i*pal"pi, n pl. Etym: [NL. See Pedipalpus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Arachnida, including the whip scorpions (Thelyphonus) and allied forms. Sometimes used in a wider sense to include also the true scorpions.

PEDIPALPOUS
Ped`i*pal"pous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the pedipalps.

PEDIPALPUS
Ped`i*pal"pus, n.; pl. Pedipalpi. Etym: [NL. See Pes, and Palpus.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the second pair of mouth organs of arachnids. In some they are leglike, but in others, as the scorpion, they terminate in a claw.

PEDIREME
Ped"i*reme, n. Etym: [Pedi- + L. remus oar.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A crustacean, some of whose feet serve as oars.

PEDLAR; PEDLER
Ped"lar, Ped"ler, n.

Defn: See Peddler.

PEDOBAPTISM
Pe`do*bap"tism, n. Etym: [Gr. baptism.]

Defn: The baptism of infants or of small children. [Written also pædobaptism.]

PEDOBAPTIST
Pe`do*bap"tist, n.

Defn: One who advocates or practices infant baptism. [Written also pædobaptist.]

PEDOGRAPH
Ped"o*graph, n. [Gr. ground + -graph.]

Defn: An instrument carried by a pedestrian for automatically making a topographical record of the ground covered during a journey.

PEDOLOGY
Pe*dol"o*gy, n. [Gr. , , child + -logy.] (Med.)

Defn: Pediatrics.

PEDOMANCY
Ped"o*man`cy, n. Etym: [Pedi- + -mancy.]

Defn: Divination by examining the soles of the feet.

PEDOMETER
Pe*dom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Pedi-, pedo- + -meter: cf. F. pédomètre.]
(Mech.)

Defn: An instrument for including the number of steps in walking, and so ascertaining the distance passed over. It is usually in the form of a watch; an oscillating weight by the motion of the body causes the index to advance a certain distance at each step.

PEDOMETRIC; PEDOMETRICAL
Ped`o*met"ric, Ped`o*met"ric*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or measured by, a pedometer.

PEDOMOTIVE
Ped`o*mo"tive, a. Etym: [Pedi-, pedo- + -motive.]

Defn: Moved or worked by the action of the foot or feet on a pedal or treadle.

PEDOTROPHY
Pe*dot"ro*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. pédotrophie.]

Defn: The art of nourishing children properly.

PEDRAIL Ped"rail`, n. [See Pedi-; Rail.] (Mach.) (a) A device intended to replace the wheel of a self-propelled vehicle for use on rough roads and to approximate to the smoothness in running of a wheel on a metal track. The tread consists of a number of rubber shod feet which are connected by ball-and-socket joints to the ends of sliding spokes. Each spoke has attached to it a small roller which in its turn runs under a short pivoted rail controlled by a powerful set of springs. This arrangement permits the feet to accomodate themselves to obstacles even such as steps or stairs. The pedrail was invented by one B. J. Diplock of London, Eng. (b) A vehicle, as a traction engine, having such pedrails.

PEDREGAL
Pe`dre*gal", n. Etym: [Sp., a stony place, fr. piedra stone.]

Defn: A lava field. [Mexico & Western U.S.]

PEDRO Pe"dro, n. [From Sp. Pedro Peter, L. Petrus, Gr. .] (Card Playing) (a) The five of trumps in certain varieties of auction pitch. (b) A variety of auction pitch in which the five of trumps counts five.

PEDUNCLE Pe*dun"cle, n. Etym: [Formed fr. (assumed) L. pedunculus, dim. of pes, pedis, a foot: cf. F. pédoncule.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The stem or stalk that supports the flower or fruit of a plant, or a cluster of flowers or fruits.

Note: The ultimate divisions or branches of a peduncle are called pedicels. In the case of a solitary flower, the stalk would be called a peduncle if the flower is large, and a pedicel if it is small or delicate.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A sort of stem by which certain shells and barnacles are attached to other objects. See Illust. of Barnacle.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: A band of nervous or fibrous matter connecting different parts of the brain; as, the peduncles of the cerebellum; the peduncles of the pineal gland.

PEDUNCLED
Pe*dun"cled, a.

Defn: Having a peduncle; supported on a peduncle; pedunculate.

PEDUNCULAR
Pe*dun"cu*lar, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pédonculaire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a peduncle; growing from a peduncle; as, a peduncular tendril.

PEDUNCULATA
Pe*dun`cu*la"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Peduncle.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Cirripedia, including the stalked or goose barnacles.

PEDUNCULATE; PEDUNCULATED
Pe*dun"cu*late, Pe*dun"cu*la`ted, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Having a peduncle; growing on a peduncle; as, a pedunculate flower; a pedunculate eye, as in a lobster.

PEE
Pee, n.

Defn: See 1st Pea.

PEE
Pee, n. (Naut.)

Defn: Bill of an anchor. See Peak, 3 (c).

PEECE
Peece, n. & v. [Obs.]

Defn: See Piece.

PEECHI
Pee"chi, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The dauw.

PEEK Peek, v. i. Etym: [OE. piken: cf. F. piquer to pierce, prick, E. pique. Cf. Peak.]

Defn: To look slyly, or with the eyes half closed, or through a crevice; to peep. [Colloq.]

PEEKABOO
Peek"a*boo, n.

Defn: A child's game; bopeep.

PEEL
Peel, n. Etym: [OE. pel. Cf. Pile a heap.]

Defn: A small tower, fort, or castle; a keep. [Scot.]

PEEL
Peel, n. Etym: [F. pelle, L. pala.]

Defn: A spadelike implement, variously used, as for removing loaves of bread from a baker's oven; also, a T-shaped implement used by printers and bookbinders for hanging wet sheets of paper on lines or poles to dry. Also, the blade of an oar.

PEEL Peel, v. t. Etym: [Confused with peel to strip, but fr. F. piller to pillage. See Pill to rob, Pillage.]

Defn: To plunder; to pillage; to rob. [Obs.]
But govern ill the nations under yoke, Peeling their provinces.
Milton.

PEEL Peel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Peeled; p. pr. & vb. n. Peeling.] Etym: [F. peler to pull out the hair, to strip, to peel, fr. L. pilare to deprive of hair, fr. pilus a hair; or perh. partly fr. F. peler to peel off the skin, perh. fr. L. pellis skin (cf. Fell skin). Cf. Peruke.]

1. To strip off the skin, bark, or rind of; to strip by drawing or tearing off the skin, bark, husks, etc.; to flay; to decorticate; as, to peel an orange. The skillful shepherd peeled me certain wands. Shak.

2. To strip or tear off; to remove by stripping, as the skin of an animal, the bark of a tree, etc.

PEEL
Peel, v. i.

Defn: To lose the skin, bark, or rind; to come off, as the skin, bark, or rind does; — often used with an adverb; as, the bark peels easily or readily.

PEEL
Peel, n.

Defn: The skin or rind; as, the peel of an orange.

PEELE
Pee"le, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A graceful and swift South African antelope (Pelea capreola). The hair is woolly, and ash-gray on the back and sides. The horns are black, long, slender, straight, nearly smooth, and very sharp. Called also rheeboc, and rehboc.

PEELER
Peel"er, n.

Defn: One who peels or strips.

PEELER
Peel"er, n. Etym: [See Peel to plunder.]

Defn: A pillager.

PEELER
Peel"er, n.

Defn: A nickname for a policeman; — so called from Sir Robert Peel.
[British Slang] See Bobby.

PEELHOUSE
Peel"house`, n.

Defn: See 1st Peel. Sir W. Scott.

PEEN Peen, n. Etym: [Cf. G. pinne pane of a hammer.] (a) A round-edged, or hemispherical, end to the head of a hammer or sledge, used to stretch or bend metal by indentation. (b) The sharp-edged end of the head of a mason's hammer. [Spelt also pane, pein, and piend.]

PEEN
Peen, v. t.

Defn: To draw, bend, or straighten, as metal, by blows with the peen of a hammer or sledge.

PEENGE
Peenge, v. i.

Defn: To complain. [Scot.]

PEEP Peep, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Peeped; p. pr. & vb. n. Peeping.] Etym: [Of imitative origin; cf. OE. pipen, F. piper, pépier, L. pipire, pipare, pipiare, D. & G. piepen. Senses 2 and 3 perhaps come from a transfer of sense from the sound which chickens make upon the first breaking of the shell to the act accompanying it; or perhaps from the influence of peek, or peak. Cf. Pipe.]

1. To cry, as a chicken hatching or newly hatched; to chirp; to
cheep.
There was none that moved the wing, or opened the mouth, or peeped.
Is. x. 14.

2. To begin to appear; to look forth from concealment; to make the first appearance. When flowers first peeped, and trees did blossoms bear. Dryden.

3. To look cautiously or slyly; to peer, as through a crevice; to pry. eep through the blanket of the dark. Shak. From her cabined loophole peep. Milton. Peep sight, an adjustable piece, pierced with a small hole to peep through in aiming, attached to a rifle or other firearm near the breech.

PEEP
Peep, n.

1. The cry of a young chicken; a chirp.

2. First outlook or appearance. Oft have we seen him at the peep of dawn. Gray.

3. A sly look; a look as through a crevice, or from a place of concealment. To take t' other peep at the stars. Swift.

4. (Zoöl.) (a) Any small sandpiper, as the least sandpiper (Trigna minutilla). (b) The European meadow pipit (Anthus pratensis). Peep show, a small show, or object exhibited, which is viewed through an orifice or a magnifying glass. — Peep-o'-day boys, the Irish insurgents of 1784; — so called from their visiting the house of the loyal Irish at day break in search of arms. [Cant]

PEEPER
Peep"er, n.

1. A chicken just breaking the shell; a young bird.

2. One who peeps; a prying person; a spy. Who's there peepers, . . . eavesdroppers J. Webster.

3. The eye; as, to close the peepers. [Colloq.]

PEEPHOLE
Peep"hole`, n.

Defn: A hole, or crevice, through which one may peep without being discovered.

PEEPING HOLE
Peep"ing hole`.

Defn: See Peephole.

PEEP SIGHT
Peep sight.

Defn: An adjustable piece, pierced with a small hole to peep through in aiming, attached to a rifle or other firearm near the breech; — distinguished from an open sight.

PEEPUL TREE
Pee"pul tree`. Etym: [Hind. pipal, Skr. pippala.] (Bot.)

Defn: A sacred tree (Ficus religiosa) of the Buddhists, a kind of fig tree which attains great size and venerable age. See Bo tree. [Written also pippul tree, and pipal tree.]

PEER
Peer, v. i. [imp. & p.p Peered; p. pr. & vb. n. Peering.] Etym: [OF.
parir, pareir equiv. to F. paraître to appear, L. parere. Cf.
Appear.]

1. To come in sight; to appear. [Poetic] So honor peereth in the meanest habit. Shak. See how his gorget peers above his gown! B. Jonson.

2. Etym: [Perh. a different word; cf. OE. piren, LG. piren. Cf. Pry to peep.]

Defn: To look narrowly or curiously or intently; to peep; as, the
peering day. Milton.
Peering in maps for ports, and piers, and roads. Shak.
As if through a dungeon grate he peered. Coleridge.

PEER
Peer, n. Etym: [OE. per, OF. per, F. pair, fr. L. par equal. Cf.
Apparel, Pair, Par, n., Umpire.]

1. One of the same rank, quality, endowments, character, etc.; an equal; a match; a mate. In song he never had his peer. Dryden. Shall they consort only with their peers I. Taylor.

2. A comrade; a companion; a fellow; an associate. He all his peers in beauty did surpass. Spenser.

3. A nobleman; a member of one of the five degrees of the British nobility, namely, duke, marquis, earl, viscount, baron; as, a peer of the realm. A noble peer of mickle trust and power. Milton. House of Peers, The Peers, the British House of Lords. See Parliament. — Spiritual peers, the bishops and archibishops, or lords spiritual, who sit in the House of Lords.

PEER
Peer v. t.

Defn: To make equal in rank. [R.] Heylin.

PEER
Peer v. t.

Defn: To be, or to assume to be, equal. [R.]

PEERAGE
Peer"age, n. Etym: [See Peer an equal, and cf. Parage.]

1. The rank or dignity of a peer. Blackstone.

2. The body of peers; the nobility, collectively. When Charlemain with all his peerage fell. Milton.

PEERDOM
Peer"dom, n.

Defn: Peerage; also, a lordship. [Obs.]

PEERESS
Peer"ess, n.

Defn: The wife of a peer; a woman ennobled in her own right, or by right of marriage.

PEERIE; PEERY
Peer"ie, Peer"y, a. Etym: [See 1st Peer, 2.]

Defn: Inquisitive; suspicious; sharp. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] "Two peery gray eyes." Sir W. Scott.

PEERLESS
Peer"less, a.

Defn: Having no peer or equal; matchless; superlative. "Her peerless
feature." Shak.
Unvailed her peerless light. Milton.
—Peer"less*ly, adv.
— Peer"less*ness, n.

PEERT
Peert, a.

Defn: Same as Peart.

PEERWEET
Peer"weet, n.

Defn: Same as Pewit (a & b).

PEEVISH Pee"vish, a. Etym: [OE. pevische; of uncertain origin, perh. from a word imitative of the noise made by fretful children + -ish.]

1. Habitually fretful; easily vexed or fretted; hard to please; apt to complain; querulous; petulant. "Her peevish babe." Wordsworth. She is peevish, sullen, froward. Shak.

2. Expressing fretfulness and discontent, or unjustifiable dissatisfaction; as, a peevish answer.

3. Silly; childish; trifling. [Obs.] To send such peevish tokens to a king. Shak.

Syn. — Querulous; petulant; cross; ill-tempered; testy; captious; discontented. See Fretful.

PEEVISHLY
Pee"vish*ly, adv.

Defn: In a peevish manner. Shak.

PEEVISHNESS
Pee"vish*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being peevish; disposition to murmur; sourness of temper.

Syn.
— See Petulance.

PEEVIT; PEEWIT
Pee"vit, Pee"wit, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Pewit.

PEG Peg, n. Etym: [OE. pegge; cf. Sw. pigg, Dan. pig a point, prickle, and E. peak.]

1. A small, pointed piece of wood, used in fastening boards together, in attaching the soles of boots or shoes, etc.; as, a shoe peg.

2. A wooden pin, or nail, on which to hang things, as coats, etc. Hence, colloquially and figuratively: A support; a reason; a pretext; as, a peg to hang a claim upon.

3. One of the pins of a musical instrument, on which the strings are strained. Shak.

4. One of the pins used for marking points on a cribbage board.

5. A step; a degree; esp. in the slang phrase "To take one down peg."
To screw papal authority to the highest peg. Barrow.
And took your grandess down a peg. Hudibras.
Peg ladder, a ladder with but one standard, into which cross pieces
are inserted.
— Peg tankard, an ancient tankard marked with pegs, so as divide
the liquor into equal portions. "Drink down to your peg." Longfellow.
— Peg tooth. See Fleam tooth under Fleam.
— Peg top, a boy's top which is spun by throwing it.
— Screw peg, a small screw without a head, for fastening soles.

PEG
Peg, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pegged; p. pr. & vb. n. Pegging.]

1. To put pegs into; to fasten the parts of with pegs; as, to peg shoes; to confine with pegs; to restrict or limit closely. I will rend an oak And peg thee in his knotty entrails. Shak.

2. (Cribbage)

Defn: To score with a peg, as points in the game; as, she pegged twelwe points. [Colloq.]

PEG
Peg, v. i.

Defn: To work diligently, as one who pegs shoes; — usually with on, at, or away; as, to peg away at a task.

PEGADOR
Pe`ga*dor", n. Etym: [Sp., a sticker.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of remora (Echeneis naucrates). See Remora.

PEGASEAN
Pe*ga"se*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Pegasus, or, figuratively, to poetry.

PEGASOID
Peg"a*soid, a. Etym: [Pegasus + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to Pegasus.

PEGASUS
Peg"a*sus, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: A winged horse fabled to have sprung from the body of Medusa
when she was slain. He is noted for causing, with a blow of his hoof,
Hippocrene, the inspiring fountain of the Muses, to spring from Mount
Helicon. On this account he is, in modern times, associated with the
Muses, and with ideas of poetic inspiration.
Each spurs his jaded Pegasus apace. Byron.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: A northen constellation near the vernal equinoctial point. Its three brightest stars, with the brightest star of Andromeda, form the square of Pegasus.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of small fishes, having large pectoral fins, and the body covered with hard, bony plates. Several species are known from the East Indies and China.

PEGGER
Peg"ger, n.

Defn: One who fastens with pegs.

PEGGING
Peg"ging, n.

Defn: The act or process of fastening with pegs.

PEGM
Pegm, n. Etym: [L. pegma a movable stage, Gr.

Defn: A sort of moving machine employed in the old pageants. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.

PEGMATITE Peg"ma*tite, n. Etym: [From Gr. pegmatite. See Pegm.] (Min.) (a) Graphic granite. See under Granite. (b) More generally, a coarse granite occurring as vein material in other rocks.

PEGMATITIC
Peg`ma*tit"ic, a. (Min.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, pegmatite; as, the pegmatic structure of certain rocks resembling graphic granite.

PEGMATOID
Peg"ma*toid, a. Etym: [Pegmatite + -oid.] (Min.)

Defn: Resembling pegmatite; pegmatic.

PEGOMANCY
Peg"o*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. -macy.]

Defn: Divination by fountains. [R.]

PEGROOTS
Peg"roots`, n.

Defn: Same as Setterwort.

PEHLEVI
Peh"le*vi`, n. Etym: [Parsee Pahlavi.]

Defn: An ancient Persian dialect in which words were partly represented by their Semitic equivalents. It was in use from the 3d century (and perhaps earlier) to the middle of the 7th century, and later in religious writings. [Written also Pahlavi.]

PEIGNOIR
Pei`gnoir", n. [F., fr. peigner to comb, L. pectinare. See
Pectinate.]

Defn: A woman's loose dressing sack; hence, a loose morning gown or wrapper.

PEIN
Pein, n.

Defn: See Peen.

PEIRAMETER
Pei*ram"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.]

Defn: A dynamometer for measuring the force required to draw wheel carriages on roads of different constructions. G. Francis.

PEIRASTIC
Pei*ras"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Fitted for trail or test; experimental; tentative; treating of attempts.

PEISE
Peise, n. Etym: [See Poise.]

Defn: A weight; a poise. [Obs.] "To weigh pence with a peise." Piers
Plowman.

PEISE
Peise, v. t.

Defn: To poise or weight. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Lest leaden slumber peise me down. Shak.

PEITREL
Pei"trel, n. (Anc. Armor)

Defn: See Peytrel.

PEJORATIVE Pe*jor"a*tive, a. Etym: [F. péjoratif, fr. L. pejor, used as compar. of malus evil.]

Defn: Implying or imputing evil; depreciatory; disparaging; unfavorable.

PEKAN
Pek"an, n. Etym: [F. pekan.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Fisher, 2.

PEKOE
Pek"oe, n. Etym: [Chin. pih-hoau: cf. F. pekoë]

Defn: A kind of black tea. [Written also pecco.]

PELA
Pe"la, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wax insect, under Wax.

PELAGE
Pel"age, n. Etym: [F. pelage, fr. L. pilus hair.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The covering, or coat, of a mammal, whether of wool, fur, or hair.

PELAGIAN
Pe*la"gi*an, a. Etym: [L. pelagius, Gr. pélagien.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the sea; marine; pelagic; as, pelagian shells.

PELAGIAN
Pe*la"gi*an, n. Etym: [L. Pelagianus: cf. F. pélagien.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A follower of Pelagius, a British monk, born in the later part of the 4th century, who denied the doctrines of hereditary sin, of the connection between sin and death, and of conversion through grace.

PELAGIAN
Pe*la"gi*an, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pélagien.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Pelagius, or to his doctrines.

PELAGIANISM
Pe*la"gi*an*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pélagianisme.]

Defn: The doctrines of Pelagius.

PELAGIC
Pe*lag"ic, a. Etym: [L. pelagicus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the ocean; — applied especially to animals that live at the surface of the ocean, away from the coast.

PELARGONIC
Pel`ar*gon"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid (called also nonoic acid) found in the leaves of the geranium (Pelargonium) and allied plants.

PELARGONIUM
Pel`ar*go"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A large genus of plants of the order Geraniaceæ, differing from
Geranium in having a spurred calyx and an irregular corolla.

Note: About one hundred and seventy species are known, nearly all of them natives of South Africa, and many having very beautiful blossoms. See the Note under Geranium.

PELASGIAN; PELASGIC
Pe*las"gi*an, Pe*las"gic, a. Etym: [L. Pelasgus, Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to the Pelasgians, an ancient people of Greece, of roving habits.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Wandering.

PELECAN
Pel"e*can, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Pelican.

PELECANIFORMES
Pel`e*can`i*for"mes, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pelican, and -form.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: Those birds that are related to the pelican; the Totipalmi.

PELECOID
Pel"e*coid, n. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Geom.)

Defn: A figure, somewhat hatched-shaped, bounded by a semicircle and two inverted quadrants, and equal in area to the square ABCD inclosed by the chords of the four quadrants. [Written also pelicoid.] Math. Dict.

PELECYPODA
Pel`e*cyp"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Lamellibranchia.

PELEGRINE
Pel"e*grine, a.

Defn: See Peregrine. [Obs.]

PELERINE Pel"er*ine, n. Etym: [F. pèlerine a tippet, fr. pèlerin a pilgrim, fr. L. peregrinus foreign, alien. See Pilgrim.]

Defn: A woman's cape; especially, a fur cape that is longer in front than behind.

PELE'S HAIR
Pe"le's hair. [After a Hawaiian goddess associated with the crater
Kilauea.]

Defn: Glass threads or fibers formed by the wind from bits blown from frothy lava or from the tips of lava jets or from bits of liquid lava thrown into the air. It often collects in thick masses resembling tow.

PELF Pelf, n. Etym: [OE. pelfir booty, OF. pelfre, akin to pelfrer to plunder, and perh. to E. pillage. Cf. Pilfer.]

Defn: Money; riches; lucre; gain; — generally conveying the idea of
something ill-gotten or worthless. It has no plural. "Mucky pelf."
Spenser. "Paltry pelf." Burke.
Can their pelf prosper, not got by valor or industry Fuller.

PELFISH
Pelf"ish, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pelf. Stanyhurst.

PELFRAY; PELFRY
Pel"fray, Pel"fry, n.

Defn: Pelf; also, figuratively, rubbish; trash. [Obs.] Cranmer.

PELICAN Pel"i*can, n. Etym: [F. pélican, L. pelicanus, pelecanus, Gr. paraçu.] [Written also pelecan.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any large webfooted bird of the genus of Pelecanus, of which about a dozen species are known. They have an enormous bill, to the lower edge of which is attached a pouch in which captured fishes are temporarily stored.

Note: The American white pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) and the brown species (P. fuscus) are abundant on the Florida coast in winter, but breed about the lakes in the Rocky Mountains and British America.

2. (Old Chem.)

Defn: A retort or still having a curved tube or tubes leading back from the head to the body for continuous condensation and redistillation.

Note: The principle is still employed in certain modern forms of distilling apparatus. Frigate pelican (Zoöl.), the frigate bird. See under Frigate. — Pelican fish (Zoöl.), deep-sea fish (Eurypharynx pelecanoides) of the order Lyomeri, remarkable for the enormous development of the jaws, which support a large gular pouch. — Pelican flower (Bot.), the very large and curiously shaped blossom of a climbing plant (Aristolochia grandiflora) of the West Indies; also, the plant itself. — Pelican ibis (Zoöl.), a large Asiatic wood ibis (Tantalus leucocephalus). The head and throat are destitute of feathers; the plumage is white, with the quills and the tail greenish black. — Pelican in her piety (in heraldry and symbolical art), a representation of a pelican in the act of wounding her breast in order to nourish her young with her blood; — a practice fabulously attributed to the bird, on account of which it was adopted as a symbol of the Redeemer, and of charity. — Pelican's foot (Zoöl.), a marine gastropod shell of the genus Aporrhais, esp. Aporrhais pes-pelicani of Europe.

PELICAN STATE
Pel"i*can State.

Defn: Louisiana; — a nickname alluding to the device on its seal.

PELICK
Pel"ick, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The American coot (Fulica).

PELICOID
Pel"i*coid, n.

Defn: See Pelecoid.

PELICOSAURIA
Pel`i*co*sau"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A suborder of Theromorpha, including terrestrial reptiles from the Permian formation.

PELIOM
Pe"li*om, n. Etym: [See Pelioma.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of iolite, of a smoky blue color; pelioma.

PELIOMA
Pe`li*o"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Med.)

Defn: A livid ecchymosis.

2. (Min.)

Defn: See Peliom.

PELISSE Pe*lisse", n. Etym: [F., fr. L. pelliceus, pellicius, made of skins, fr. pellis a skin. Cf. Pelt skin, Pilch, and see 2d Pell.]

Defn: An outer garment for men or women, originally of fur, or lined with fur; a lady's outer garment, made of silk or other fabric.

PELL
Pell, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Pelt, v. t.]

Defn: To pelt; to knock about. [Obs.] Holland.

PELL
Pell, n. Etym: [OF. pel, F. peau, L. pellis a skin. See Fell a skin.]

1. A skin or hide; a pelt.

2. A roll of parchment; a parchment record. Clerk of the pells, formerly, an officer of the exchequer who entered accounts on certain parchment rolls, called pell rolls. [Eng.]

PELLACK
Pel"lack, n. Etym: [Cf. Gael. Peileag.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A porpoise.

PELLAGE
Pell"age, n. Etym: [See 2d Pell.]

Defn: A customs duty on skins of leather.

PELLAGRA
Pel"la*gra (pel"la*gra), n. (Med.)

Defn: An erythematous affection of the skin, with severe constitutional and nervous symptoms, endemic in Northern Italy.

PELLAGRIN
Pel"la*grin, n.

Defn: One who is afficted with pellagra. Chambers's Encyc.

PELLAGROUS
Pel*lag"rous, a. [It. pellagroso: cf. F. pellagreux.] (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or affected with, or attendant on, pellagra; as, pellagrous insanity.

PELLET
Pel"let, n. Etym: [F. pelote, LL. pelota, pilota, fr. L. pila a ball.
Cf. Platoon.]

1. A little ball; as, a pellet of wax .

2. A bullet; a ball for firearms. [Obs.] Bacon. As swift as a pellet out of a gun. Chaucer. Pellet molding (Arch.), a narrow band ornamented with smalt, flat disks.

PELLET
Pel"let, v.

Defn: To form into small balls. [Obs.] Shak.

PELLETED
Pel"let*ed, a.

Defn: Made of, or like, pellets; furnished with pellets. [R.] "This pelleted storm." Shak.

PELLIBRANCHIATA Pel`li*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. pellis garment + branchia a gill.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Nudibranchiata, in which the mantle itself serves as a gill.

PELLICLE Pel"li*cle, n. Etym: [L. pellicu, dim. of pellis skin: cf. F. pellicule.]

1. A thin skin or film.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A thin film formed on the surface of an evaporating solution.

PELLICULAR
Pel*lic"u*lar, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pellicle. Henslow.

PELLILE
Pel*li"le, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The redshank; — so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.]

PELLITORY Pel"li*to*ry, n. Etym: [OE. paritorie, OF. paritoire, F. pariétaire; (cf. It. & Sp. parietaria), L. parietaria the parietary, or pellitory, the wall plant, fr. parietarus belonging to the walls, fr. paries, parietis a wall. Cf. Parietary.] (Bot.)

Defn: The common name of the several species of the genus Parietaria, low, harmless weeds of the Nettle family; — also called wall pellitory, and lichwort.

Note: Parietaria officinalis is common on old walls in Europe; P.Pennsylvanica is found in the United States; and six or seven more species are found near the Mediterranean, or in the Orient.

PELLITORY Pel"li*to*ry, n. Etym: [Sp. pelitre, fr. L. pyrethrum. See Bertram.] (Bot.) (a) A composite plant (Anacyclus Pyrethrum) of the Mediterranean region, having finely divided leaves and whitish flowers. The root is the officinal pellitory, and is used as an irritant and sialogogue. Called also bertram, and pellitory of Spain. (b) The feverfew (Chrysanthemum Parthenium); — so called because it resembles the above.

PELL-MELL
Pell`-mell" (, n.

Defn: See Pall-mall.

PELLMELL Pell`mell", adv. Etym: [F. pêle-mêle, prob. fr. pelle a shovel + mêler to mix, as when different kinds of grain are heaped up and mixed with a shovel. See Pell shovel, Medley.]

Defn: In utter confusion; with confused violence. "Men, horses, chariots, crowded pellmell." Milton.

PELLUCID Pel*lu"cid, a. Etym: [L. pellucidus; per (see Per-) + lucidus clear, bright: cf. F. pellucide.]

Defn: Transparent; clear; limpid; translucent; not opaque. "Pellucid crystal." Dr. H. More. "Pellucid streams." Wordsworth.

PELLUCIDITY; PELLUCIDNESS
Pel`lu*cid"i*ty, Pel*lu"cid*ness, n. Etym: [L. pelluciditas.]

Defn: The quality or state of being pellucid; transparency; translucency; clearness; as, the pellucidity of the air. Locke.

PELLUCIDLY
Pel*lu"cid*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pellucid manner.

PELMA
Pel"ma, n.; pl. Pelmata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The under surface of the foot.

PELOPIUM
Pe*lo"pi*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. Pelops, brother of Niobe, Gr.
(Chem.)

Defn: A supposed new metal found in columbite, afterwards shown to be identical with columbium, or niobium.

PELOPONNESIAN
Pel`o*pon*ne"sian, a. Etym: [L. Peloponnesius, fr. Peloponnesus, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Peloponnesus, or southern peninsula of Greece. — n.

Defn: A native or an inhabitant of the Peloponnesus.

PELORIA
Pe*lo"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Abnormal regularity; the state of certain flowers, which, being naturally irregular, have become regular through a symmetrical repetition of the special irregularity.

PELORIC
Pe*lo"ric, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Abnormally regular or symmetrical. Darwin.

PELORUS Pe*lo"rus, n. [After Pelorus, said to have been Hannibal's pilot when he left Italy.] (Navig.)

Defn: An instrument similar to a mariner's compass, but without magnetic needles, and having two sight vanes by which bearings are taken, esp. such as cannot be taken by the compass.

PELOTA
Pe*lo"ta, n. [Sp., lit., ball.]

Defn: A Basque, Spanish, and Spanish-American game played in a court, in which a ball is struck with a wickerwork racket.

PELOTAGE
Pel"o*tage, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Packs or bales of Spanish wool.

PELT Pelt, n. Etym: [Cf. G. pelz a pelt, fur, fr. OF. pelice, F. pelisse (see Pelisse); or perh. shortened fr. peltry.]

1. The skin of a beast with the hair on; a raw or undressed hide; a skin preserved with the hairy or woolly covering on it. See 4th Fell. Sir T. Browne. Raw pelts clapped about them for their clothes. Fuller.

2. The human skin. [Jocose] Dryden.

3. (Falconry)

Defn: The body of any quarry killed by the hawk. Pelt rot, a disease affecting the hair or wool of a beast.

PELT Pelt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pelted; p. pr. & vb. n. Pelting.] Etym: [OE. pelten, pulten, pilten, to thrust, throw, strike; cf. L. pultare, equiv. to pulsare (v. freq. fr. pellere to drive), and E. pulse a beating.]

1. To strike with something thrown or driven; to assail with pellets or missiles, as, to pelt with stones; pelted with hail. The children billows seem to pelt the clouds. Shak.

2. To throw; to use as a missile. My Phillis me with pelted apples plies. Dryden.

PELT
Pelt, v. i.

1. To throw missiles. Shak.

2. To throw out words. [Obs.] Another smothered seems to peltand swear. Shak.

PELT
Pelt, n.

Defn: A blow or stroke from something thrown.

PELTA
Pel"ta, n.; pl. Peltæ. Etym: [L., a shield, fr. Gr.

1. (Antiq.)

Defn: A small shield, especially one of an approximately elliptic form, or crescent-shaped.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A flat apothecium having no rim.

PELTATE; PELTATED
Pel"tate, Pel"ta*ted, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pelté. See Pelta.]

Defn: Shield-shaped; scutiform; (Bot.) having the stem or support attached to the lower surface, instead of at the base or margin; — said of a leaf or other organ. — Pel"tate*ly, adv.

PELTER
Pelt"er, n.

Defn: One who pelts.

PELTER
Pel"ter, n.

Defn: A pinchpenny; a mean, sordid person; a miser; a skinflint.
[Obs.] "Let such pelters prate." Gascoigne.

PELTIER EFFECT Pel`tier" ef*fect". [After Jean C. A. Peltier, French physicist, the discoverer.] (Elec.)

Defn: The production or absorption of heat at the junction of two metals on the passage of a current. Heat generated by the passage of the current in one direction will be absorbed if the current is reversed.

PELTIER'S CROSS
Pel`tier's" cross. (Elec.)

Defn: A cross formed of two strips of different metals, to illustrate the Peltier effect.

PELTIFORM
Pel"ti*form, a. Etym: [Pelta + -form.]

Defn: Shieldlike, with the outline nearly circular; peltate. Henslow.

PELTING
Pel"ting, a.

Defn: Mean; paltry. [Obs.] Shak.

PELTON WHEEL
Pel"ton wheel. (Mech.)

Defn: A form of impulse turbine or water wheel, consisting of a row of double cup-shaped buckets arranged round the rim of a wheel and actuated by one or more jets of water playing into the cups at high velocity.

PELTRY Pelt"ry, n. Etym: [F. pelleterie peltry, furriery, fr. pelletier a furrier, fr. OF. pel skin, F. peau, L. pelis. See Pelt a skin, Pell, n., Fell a skin.]

Defn: Pelts or skins, collectively; skins with the fur on them; furs.

PELTRYWARE
Pelt"ry*ware`, n.

Defn: Peltry. [Obs.]

PELUDO
Pe*lu"do, n. Etym: [Sp. peludo hairy.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The South American hairy armadillo (Dasypus villosus).

PELURE
Pe*lure", n. [F., lit., peel, fr. peler to peel.]

Defn: A crisp, hard, thin paper, sometimes used for postage stamps.

PELUSIAC
Pe*lu"si*ac, a. Etym: [L. Pelusiacus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Pelusium, an ancient city of Egypt; as, the
Pelusiac (or former eastern) outlet of the Nile.

PELVIC
Pel"vic, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pelvis; as, pelvic cellulitis. Pelvic arch, or Pelvic girdle (Anat.), the two or more bony or cartilaginous pieces of the vertebrate skeleton to which the hind limbs are articulated. When fully ossified, the arch usually consists of three principal bones on each side, the ilium, ischium, and pubis, which are often closely united in the adult, forming the innominate bone. See Innominate bone, under Innominate.

PELVIMETER
Pel*vim"e*ter, n. Etym: [Pelvis + -meter.: cf. F. pelvimètre.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the dimensions of the pelvis. Coxe.

PELVIMETRY
Pel*vim"e*try, n. [Pelvis + -metry.] (Med.)

Defn: The measurement of the pelvis.

PELVIS
Pel"vis, n. Etym: [L., a basin, laver; cf. Gr.

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The pelvic arch, or the pelvic arch together with the sacrum.
See Pelvic arch, under Pelvic, and Sacrum.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The calyx of a crinoid. Pelvis of the kidney (Anat.), the basinlike cavity into which the ureter expands as it joins the kidney.

PEMBROKE TABLE
Pem"broke ta`ble. [From Pembroke, a town and shire in Wales.]

Defn: A style of four-legged table in vogue in England, chiefly in the later Georgian period.

The characteristic which gives a table the name of Pembroke consists in the drop leaves, which are held up, when the table is open, by brackets which turn under the top. F. C. Morse.

PEMMICAN
Pem"mi*can, n. Etym: [Written also pemican.]

1. Among the North American Indians, meat cut in thin slices, divested of fat, and dried in the sun. Then on pemican they feasted. Longfellow.

2. Meat, without the fat, cut in thin slices, dried in the sun, pounded, then mixed with melted fat and sometimes dried fruit, and compressed into cakes or in bags. It contains much nutriment in small compass, and is of great use in long voyages of exploration.

PEMPHIGUS
Pem*phi"gus, n. Etym: [Nl., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A somewhat rare skin disease, characterized by the development of blebs upon different part of the body. Quain.

PEN
Pen, n. Etym: [OE. penne, OF. penne, pene, F. penne, fr. L. penna.]

1. A feather. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. A wing. [Obs.] Milton.

3. An instrument used for writing with ink, formerly made of a reed, or of the quill of a goose or other bird, but now also of other materials, as of steel, gold, etc. Also, originally, a stylus or other instrument for scratching or graving. Graven with an iron pen and lead in the rock. Job xix. 24.

4. Fig.: A writer, or his style; as, he has a sharp pen. "Those learned pens." Fuller.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The internal shell of a squid.

6. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A female swan. [Prov. Eng.] Bow pen. See Bow-pen.
— Dotting pen, a pen for drawing dotted lines.
— Drawing, or Ruling, pen, a pen for ruling lines having a pair of
blades between which the ink is contained.
— Fountain pen, Geometric pen. See under Fountain, and Geometric.
— Music pen, a pen having five points for drawing the five lines of
the staff.
— Pen and ink, or pen-and-ink, executed or done with a pen and ink;
as, a pen and ink sketch.
— Pen feather. A pin feather. [Obs.] — Pen name. See under Name.
— Sea pen (Zoöl.), a pennatula. [Usually written sea-pen.]

PEN
Pen, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Penned; p. pr. & vb. n. Penning.]

Defn: To write; to compose and commit to paper; to indite; to compose; as, to pen a sonnet. "A prayer elaborately penned." Milton.

PEN
Pen, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Penned or Pent (p. pr. & vb. n. Penning.]
Etym: [OE. pennen, AS. pennan in on-pennan to unfasten, prob. from
the same source as pin, and orig. meaning, to fasten with a peg.See
Pin, n. & v.]

Defn: To shut up, as in a pen or cage; to confine in a small inclosure or narrow space; to coop up, or shut in; to inclose. "Away with her, and pen her up." Shak. Watching where shepherds pen their flocks at eve. Milton.

PEN
Pen, n. Etym: [From Pen to shut in.]

Defn: A small inclosure; as, a pen for sheep or for pigs.
My father stole two geese out of a pen. Shak.

PENAL
Pe"nal, a. Etym: [L. poenalis, fr. poena punishment: cf. F. pénal.
See Pain.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to punishment, to penalties, or to crimes and offenses; pertaining to criminal jurisprudence: as: (a) Enacting or threatening punishment; as, a penal statue; the penal code. (b) Incurring punishment; subject to a penalty; as, a penalact of offense. (c) Inflicted as punishment; used as a means of punishment; as, a penal colony or settlement. "Adamantine chains and penal fire." Milton. Penal code (Law), a code of laws concerning crimes and offenses and their punishment. — Penal laws, Penal statutes (Law), laws prohibited certain acts, and imposing penalties for committing them. — Penal servitude, imprisonment with hard labor, in a prison, in lieu of transportation. [Great Brit.] — Penal suit, Penal action (Law), a suit for penalties.

PENALITY
Pe*nal"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. poenalitas. See Penalty.]

Defn: The quality or state of being penal; lability to punishment.
Sir T. Browne.

PENALIZE
Pe"nal*ize, v. t.

1. To make penal.

2. (Sport.)

Defn: To put a penalty on. See Penalty, 3. [Eng.]

PENALLY
Pe"nal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a penal manner.

PENALTY
Pe"nal*ty, n.; pl. Penalties. Etym: [F. pénalité. See Penal.]

1. Penal retribution; punishment for crime or offense; the suffering in person or property which is annexed by law or judicial decision to the commission of a crime, offense, or trespass. Death is the penalty imposed. Milton.

2. The suffering, or the sum to be forfeited, to which a person subjects himself by covenant or agreement, in case of nonfulfillment of stipulations; forfeiture; fine. The penalty and forfeit of my bond. Shak.

3. A handicap. [Sporting Cant]

Note: The term penalty is in law mostly applied to a pecuniary punishment. Bill of pains and penalties. See under Bill. — On, or Under, penalty of, on pain of; with exposure to the penalty of, in case of transgression.

PENANCE
Pen"ance, n. Etym: [OF. penance, peneance, L. paenitentia repentance.
See Penitence.]

1. Repentance. [Obs.] Wyclif (Luke xv. 7).

2. Pain; sorrow; suffering. [Obs.] "Joy or penance he feeleth none." Chaucer.

3. (Eccl.)

Defn: A means of repairing a sin committed, and obtaining pardon for it, consisting partly in the performance of expiatory rites, partly in voluntary submission to a punishment corresponding to the transgression. Penance is the fourth of seven sacraments in the Roman Catholic Church. Schaff-Herzog Encyc. And bitter penance, with an iron whip. Spenser. Quoth he, "The man hath penance done, And penance more will do." Coleridge.

PENANCE
Pen"ance, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Penanced.]

Defn: To impose penance; to punish. "Some penanced lady elf." Keats.

PENANCELESS
Pen"ance*less, a.

Defn: Free from penance. [R.]

PENANG LAWYER
Pe*nang" law"yer. [Prob. fr. Malay pinang liar.]

Defn: A kind of walking stick made from the stem of an East Asiatic palm (Licuala acutifida).

PENANG NUT
Pe*nang" nut`. Etym: [From the native name.] (Bot.)

Defn: The betel nut. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

PENANNULAR
Pen*an"nu*lar, a. Etym: [L. pene, paene, almost + E. annular.]

Defn: Nearly annular; having nearly the form of a ring. "Penannular relics." D. Wilson.

PENARY
Pe"na*ry, a.

Defn: Penal. [Obs.] Gauden.

PENATES
Pe*na"tes, n. pl. Etym: [L.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: The household gods of the ancient Romans. They presided over the home and the family hearth. See Lar.

PENAUNT
Pen"aunt, n. Etym: [OF. penant, peneant. See Penitent.]

Defn: A penitent. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PENCE
Pence, n.,

Defn: pl. of Penny. See Penny.

PENCEL
Pen"cel, n. Etym: [See Pennoncel.]

Defn: A small, narrow flag or streamer borne at the top of a lance; - - called also pennoncel. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Chaucer.

PENCHANT Pen`chant", n. Etym: [F., fr. pencher to bend, fr. (assumed) LL. pendicare, L. pendere. See Pendant.]

Defn: Inclination; decided taste; bias; as, a penchant for art.

PENCHUTE
Pen"chute`, n.

Defn: See Penstock.

PENCIL Pen"cil, n. Etym: [OF. pincel, F. pinceau, L. penicillum, penicillus, equiv. to peniculus, dim. of penis a tail. Cf. Penicil.]

1. A small, fine brush of hair or bristles used by painters for laying on colors. With subtile pencil depainted was this storie. Chaucer.

2. A slender cylinder or strip of black lead, colored chalk, slate etc., or such a cylinder or strip inserted in a small wooden rod intended to be pointed, or in a case, which forms a handle, — used for drawing or writing. See Graphite.

3. Hence, figuratively, an artist's ability or peculiar manner; also, in general, the act or occupation of the artist, descriptive writer, etc.

4. (Opt.)

Defn: An aggregate or collection of rays of light, especially when diverging from, or converging to, a point.

5. (Geom.)

Defn: A number of lines that intersect in one point, the point of intersection being called the pencil point.

6. (Med.)

Defn: A small medicated bougie. Pencil case, a holder for pencil
lead.
— Pencil flower (Bot.), an American perennial leguminous herb
(Stylosanthes elatior).
— Pencil lead, a slender rod of black lead, or the like, adapted
for insertion in a holder.

PENCIL
Pen"cil, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Penciled or Pencilled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Penciling or Pencilling.]

Defn: To write or mark with a pencil; to paint or to draw. Cowper.
Where nature pencils butterflies on flowers. Harte.

PENCILED
Pen"ciled, a. Etym: [Written also pencilled.]

1. Painted, drawn, sketched, or marked with a pencil.

2. Radiated; having pencils of rays.

3. (Nat. Hist.)

Defn: Marked with parallel or radiating lines.

PENCILING
Pen"cil*ing, n. Etym: [Written also pencilling.]

1. The work of the pencil or bruch; as, delicate penciling in a picture.

2. (Brickwork)

Defn: Lines of white or black paint drawn along a mortar joint in a brick wall. Knight.

PENCILLATE; PENCILLATED
Pen"cil*late, Pen"cil*la`ted, a.

Defn: Shaped like a pencil; penicillate.

PENCRAFT
Pen"craft, n.

1. Penmanship; skill in writing; chirography.

2. The art of composing or writing; authorship. I would not give a groat for that person's knowledge in pencraft. S

PEND
Pend, n.

Defn: Oil cake; penock. [India]

PEND Pend, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pended; p. pr. & vb. n. Pending.] Etym: [L. pendere.]

1. To hang; to depend. [R.] Pending upon certain powerful motions. I. Taylor.

2. To be undecided, or in process of adjustment.

PEND Pend, v. t. Etym: [Cf. pen to shut in, or AS. pyndan, E. pound an inclosure.]

Defn: To pen; to confine. [R.] ended within the limits . . . of Greece. Udall.

PENDANT
Pend"ant, n. Etym: [F., orig. p.pr. of pendre to hang, L. pendere.
Cf. Pendent, Pansy, Pensive, Poise, Ponder.]

1. Something which hangs or depends; something suspended; a hanging appendage, especially one of an ornamental character; as to a chandelier or an eardrop; also, an appendix or addition, as to a book. Some hang upon the pendants of her ear. Pope. Many . . . have been pleased with this work and its pendant, the Tales and Popular Fictions. Keightley.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: A hanging ornament on roofs, ceilings, etc., much used in the later styles of Gothic architecture, where it is of stone, and an important part of the construction. There are imitations in plaster and wood, which are mere decorative features. "[A bridge] with . . . pendants graven fair." Spenser.

3. (Fine Arts)

Defn: One of a pair; a counterpart; as, one vase is the pendant to the other vase.

4. A pendulum. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.

5. The stem and ring of a watch, by which it is suspended. [U.S.] Knight. Pendant post (Arch.), a part of the framing of an open timber roof; a post set close against the wall, and resting upon a corbel or other solid support, and supporting the ends of a collar beam or any part of the roof.

PENDENCE
Pend"ence, n. Etym: [See Pendent.]

Defn: Slope; inclination. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

PENDENCY
Pend"en*cy, n.

1. The quality or state of being pendent or suspended.

2. The quality or state of being undecided, or in continuance; suspense; as, the pendency of a suit. Ayliffe.

PENDENT Pend"ent, a. Etym: [L. pendens, -entis, p.pr. of pendere to hang, to be suspended. Cf. Pendant.]

1. Supported from above; suspended; depending; pendulous; hanging; as, a pendent leaf. "The pendent world." Shak. Often their tresses, when shaken, with pendent icicles tinkle. Longfellow.

2. Jutting over; projecting; overhanging. "A vapor sometime like a . . . pendent rock." Shak.

PENDENTIVE Pen*den"tive, n. Etym: [F. pendentif, fr. L. pendere to hang.] (Arch.) (a) The portion of a vault by means of which the square space in the middle of a building is brought to an octagon or circle to receive a cupola. (b) The part of a groined vault which is supported by, and springs from, one pier or corbel.

PENDENTLY
Pend"ent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pendent manner.

PENDICE
Pen"dice, n. Etym: [Cf. Pentice.]

Defn: A sloping roof; a lean-to; a penthouse. [Obs.] Fairfax.

PENDICLE
Pen"di*cle, n. Etym: [Cf. Appendicle.]

Defn: An appendage; something dependent on another; an appurtenance; a pendant. Sir W. Scott.

PENDICLER
Pen*di*cler, n.

Defn: An inferior tenant; one who rents a pendicle or croft. [Scot.]
Jamieson.

PENDING
Pend"ing, a. Etym: [L. pendere to hang, to be suspended. Cf.
Pendent.]

Defn: Not yet decided; in continuance; in suspense; as, a pending suit.

PENDING
Pend"ing, prep.

Defn: During; as, pending the trail.

PENDRAGON
Pen"drag*on, n.

Defn: A chief leader or a king; a head; a dictator; — a title
assumed by the ancient British chiefs when called to lead other
chiefs.
The dread Pendragon, Britain's king of kings. Tennyson.

PENDULAR
Pen"du*lar, a.

Defn: Pendulous.

PENDULATE
Pen"du*late, v. i.

Defn: To swing as a pendulum. [R.]

PENDULE
Pen"dule, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A pendulum. [R.] Evelyn.

PENDULINE
Pen"du`line, n. Etym: [F. See Pendulum.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European titmouse (Parus, or Ægithalus, pendulinus). It is noted for its elegant pendulous purselike nest, made of the down of willow trees and lined with feathers.

PENDULOSITY
Pen`du*los"i*ty, n. Etym: [See Pendulous.]

Defn: The state or quality of being pendulous. Sir T. Browne.

PENDULOUS Pen"du*lous, a. Etym: [L. pendulus, fr. pendere to hang. Cf. Pendant, and cf. Pendulum.]

1. Depending; pendent loosely; hanging; swinging. Shak. "The pendulous round earth. Milton.

2. Wavering; unstable; doubtful. [R.] "A pendulous state of mind." Atterbury.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Inclined or hanging downwards, as a flower on a recurved stalk, or an ovule which hangs from the upper part of the ovary.

PENDULOUSLY
Pen"du*lous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pendulous manner.

PENDULOUSNESS
Pen"du*lous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being pendulous; the state of hanging loosely; pendulosity.

PENDULUM Pen"du*lum, n.; pl. Pendulums. Etym: [NL., fr. L. pendulus hanging, swinging. See Pendulous.]

Defn: A body so suspended from a fixed point as to swing freely to and fro by the alternate action of gravity and momentum. It is used to regulate the movements of clockwork and other machinery.

Note: The time of oscillation of a pendulum is independent of the arc of vibration, provided this arc be small. Ballistic pendulum. See under Ballistic. — Compensation pendulum, a clock pendulum in which the effect of changes of temperature of the length of the rod is so counteracted, usually by the opposite expansion of differene metals, that the distance of the center of oscillation from the center of suspension remains invariable; as, the mercurial compensation pendulum, in which the expansion of the rod is compensated by the opposite expansion of mercury in a jar constituting the bob; the gridiron pendulum, in which compensation is effected by the opposite expansion of sets of rodsof different metals. — Compound pendulum, an ordinary pendulum; — so called, as being made up of different parts, and contrasted with simple pendulum. — Conical or Revolving, pendulum, a weight connected by a rod with a fixed point; and revolving in a horizontal cyrcle about the vertical from that point. — Pendulum bob, the weight at the lower end of a pendulum. — Pendulum level, a plumb level. See under Level. — Pendulum wheel, the balance of a watch. — Simple or Theoretical, pendulum, an imaginary pendulum having no dimensions except length, and no weight except at the center of oscillation; in other words, a material point suspended by an ideal line.

PENELOPE Pe*nel"o*pe, n. Etym: [From. L. Penelope, the wife of Ulysses, the hero of the Odyssey, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of curassows, including the guans.

PENEPLAIN
Pe"ne*plain`, n. [L. paene, pene, almost + E. plain.] (Phys. Geog.)

Defn: A land surface reduced by erosion to the general condition of a plain, but not wholly devoid of hills; a base-level plain.

PENETRABILITY
Pen`e*tra*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pénétrabilité.]

Defn: The quality of being penetrable; susceptibility of being penetrated, entered, or pierced. Cheyne.

PENETRABLE
Pen"e*tra*ble, a. Etym: [L. penetrabilus: cf. F. pénétrable.]

Defn: Capable of being penetrated, entered, or pierced. Used also
figuratively.
And pierce his only penetrable part. Dryden.
I am not made of stones, But penetrable to your kind entreats. Shak.
— Pen"e*tra*ble*ness, n.
— Pen"e*tra*bly, adv.

PENETRAIL
Pen"e*trail, n.

Defn: Penetralia. [Obs.] Harvey.

PENETRALIA Pen`e*tra"li*a, n. pl. Etym: [L., fr. penetralis penetrating, internal. See Penetrate.]

1. The recesses, or innermost parts, of any thing or place, especially of a temple or palace.

2. Hidden things or secrets; privacy; sanctuary; as, the sacred penetralia of the home.

PENETRANCE; PENETRANCY
Pen"e*trance, Pen"e*tran*cy, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being penetrant; power of entering or piercing; penetrating power of quality; as, the penetrancy of subtile effluvia.

PENETRANT Pen"e*trant, a. Etym: [L. penetrans, p.pr. of penetrare: cf. F. pénétrant.]

Defn: Having power to enter or pierce; penetrating; sharp; subtile; as, penetrant cold. "Penetrant and powerful arguments." Boyle.

PENETRATE Pen"e*trate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Penetrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Penetrating.] Etym: [L. penetratus, p.p. of penetrare to penetrate; akin to penitus inward, inwardly, and perh. to pens with, in the power of, penus store of food, innermost part of a temple.]

1. To enter into; to make way into the interior of; to effect an entrance into; to pierce; as, light penetrates darkness.

2. To affect profoundly through the senses or feelings; to touch with feeling; to make sensible; to move deeply; as, to penetrate one's heart with pity. Shak. The translator of Homer should penetrate himself with a sense of the plainness and directness of Homer's style. M. Arnold.

3. To pierce into by the mind; to arrive at the inner contents or meaning of, as of a mysterious or difficult subject; to comprehend; to understand. Things which here were too subtile for us to penetrate. Ray.

PENETRATE
Pen"e*trate, v. i.

Defn: To pass; to make way; to pierce. Also used figuratively.
Preparing to penetrate to the north and west. J. R. Green.
Born where Heaven's influence scarce can penetrate. Pope.
The sweet of life that penetrates so near. Daniel.

PENETRATING
Pen"e*tra`ting, a.

1. Having the power of entering, piercing, or pervading; sharp; subtile; penetrative; as, a penetrating odor.

2. Acute; discerning; sagacious; quick to discover; as, a penetrating mind.

PENETRATINGLY
Pen"e*tra`ting*ly, adv.

Defn: In a penetrating manner.

PENETRATION
Pen"e*tra`tion, n. Etym: [L. penetratio: cf. F. pénétration.]

1. The act or process of penetrating, piercing, or entering; also, the act of mentally penetrating into, or comprehending, anything difficult. And to each in ward part, With gentle penetration, though unseen, Shoots invisible virtue even to the deep. Milton. A penetration into the difficulties of algebra. Watts.

2. Acuteness; insight; sharp discoverment; sagacity; as, a person of singular penetration. Walpole.

Syn.
— Discernment; sagacity; acuteness; sharpness; discrimination. See
Discernment, and Sagacity.

PENETRATIVE
Pen"e*tra*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pénétratif.]

1. Tending to penetrate; of a penetrating quality; piercing; as, the penetrative sun. His look became keen and penetrative. Hawthorne.

2. Having the power to affect or impress the mind or heart; impressive; as, penetrative shame. Shak.

3. Acute; discerning; sagacious; as, penetrative wisdom. "The penetrative eye." Wordsworth. Led on by skill of penetrative soul. Grainger.

PENETRATIVENESS
Pen"e*tra*tive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being penetrative.

PENFISH
Pen"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A squid.

PENFOLD
Pen"fold`, n.

Defn: See Pinfold.

PENGOLIN
Pen"go*lin, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pangolin.

PENGUIN Pen"guin, n. Etym: [Perh. orig. the name of another bird, and fr. W. pen head + gwyn white; or perh. from a native South American name.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any bird of the order Impennes, or Ptilopteri. They are covered with short, thick feathers, almost scalelike on the wings, which are without true quills. They are unable to fly, but use their wings to aid in diving, in which they are very expert. See King penguin, under Jackass.

Note: Penguins are found in the south temperate and antarctic regions. The king penguins (Aptenodytes Patachonica, and A. longirostris) are the largest; the jackass penguins (Spheniscus) and the rock hoppers (Catarractes) congregate in large numbers at their breeding grounds.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The egg-shaped fleshy fruit of a West Indian plant (Bromelia
Pinguin) of the Pineapple family; also, the plant itself, which has
rigid, pointed, and spiny-toothed leaves, and is used for hedges.
[Written also pinguin.] Arctic penguin (Zoöl.), the great auk. See
Auk.

PENGUINERY
Pen"guin*er*y, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A breeding place, or rookery, of penguins.

PENHOLDER
Pen"hold`er, n.

Defn: A handle for a pen.

PENHOUSE
Pen"house`, n.

Defn: A penthouse. [Obs.]

PENIBLE
Pen*i"ble, a. Etym: [OF. penible. Cf. Painable.]

Defn: Painstaking; assidous. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PENICIL Pen"i*cil, n. Etym: [L. penicillum, penicillus, a painter's brush, a roil of lint, a tent for wounds.] (mented.)

Defn: A tent or pledget for wounds or ulcers.

PENICILLATE
Pen`i*cil"late, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pénicillé. See Penicil.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having the form of a pencil; furnished with a pencil of fine hairs; ending in a tuft of hairs like a camel's-hair brush, as the stigmas of some grasses.

PENICILLIFORM
Pen`i*cil"li*form, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Penicillate.

PENINSULA Pen*in"su*la, n. Etym: [L. peninsula or paeninsula; paene almost + insula an island. See Isle.]

Defn: A portion of land nearly surrounded by water, and connected with a larger body by a neck, or isthmus.

PENINSULAR
Pen*in"su*lar, a. Etym: [Cf. F. péninsulaire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a peninsula; as, a peninsular form; peninsular people; the peninsular war.

PENINSULA STATE
Pen*in"su*la State.

Defn: Florida; — a nickname.

PENINSULATE
Pen*in"su*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Peninsulated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Peninsulating.]

Defn: To form into a peninsula.
South River . . . peninsulates Castle Hill farm. W. Bentley.

PENIS
Pe"nis, n. Etym: [L.] (Anat.)

Defn: The male member, or organ of generation.

PENITENCE Pen"i*tence, n. Etym: [F. pénitence, L. paenitentia. See Penitent, and cf. Penance.]

Defn: The quality or condition of being penitent; the disposition of a penitent; sorrow for sins or faults; repentance; contrition. "Penitence of his old guilt." Chaucer. Death is deferred, and penitenance has room To mitigate, if not reverse, the doom. Dryden.

Syn.
— Repentance; contrition; compunction.

PENITENCER
Pen"i*ten*cer, n. Etym: [F. pénitencier.]

Defn: A priest who heard confession and enjoined penance in extraordinary cases. [Written also penitenser.] [Obs.] Chaucer.

PENITENCY
Pen"i*ten*cy, n.

Defn: Penitence. [Obs.]

PENITENT Pen"i*tent, a. Etym: [F. pénitent, L. paenitens, -entis, poenitens, p.pr. of paenitere, poenitere, to cause to repent, to repent; prob. akin to poena punishment. See Pain.]

1. Feeling pain or sorrow on account of sins or offenses; repentant; contrite; sincerely affected by a sense of guilt, and resolved on amendment of life. Be penitent, and for thy fault contrite. Milton. The pound he tamed, the penitent he cheered. Dryden.

2. Doing penance. [Obs.] Shak.

PENITENT
Pen"i*tent, n.

1. One who repents of sin; one sorrowful on account of his transgressions.

2. One under church censure, but admitted to penance; one undergoing penance.

3. One under the direction of a confessor.

Note: Penitents is an appellation given to certain fraternities in Roman Catholic countries, distinguished by their habit, and employed in charitable acts.

PENITENTIAL
Pen`i*ten"tial, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pénitentiel.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to penitence, or to penance; expressing penitence; of the nature of penance; as, the penitential book; penitential tears. "Penitential stripes." Cowper. Guilt that all the penitential fires of hereafter can not cleanse. Sir W. Scott.

PENITENTIAL
Pen`i*ten"tial, n. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A book formerly used by priests hearing confessions, containing rules for the imposition of penances; — called also penitential book.

PENITENTIALLY
Pen`i*ten"tial*ly, adv.

Defn: In a penitential manner.

PENITENTIARY
Pen`i*ten"tia*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pénitentiaire.]

1. Relating to penance, or to the rules and measures of penance. "A penitentiary tax." Abp. Bramhall.

2. Expressive of penitence; as, a penitentiary letter.

3. Used for punishment, discipline, and reformation. "Penitentiary houses." Blackstone.

PENITENTIARY
Pen`i*ten"tia*ry, n.; pl. Penitentiaries. Etym: [Cf. F. pénitencier.
See Penitent.]

1. One who prescribes the rules and measures of penance. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. One who does penance. [Obs.] Hammond.

3. A small building in a monastery where penitents confessed. Shpiley.

4. That part of a church to which penitents were admitted. Shipley.

5. (R. C. Ch.) (a) An office of the papal court which examines cases of conscience, confession, absolution from vows, etc., and delivers decisions, dispensations, etc. Its chief is a cardinal, called the Grand Penitentiary, appointed by the pope. (b) An officer in some dioceses since A. D. 1215, vested with power from the bishop to absolve in cases reserved to him.

6. A house of correction, in which offenders are confined for punishment, discipline, and reformation, and in which they are generally compelled to labor.

PENITENTIARYSHIP
Pen`i*ten"tia*ry*ship, n.

Defn: The office or condition of a penitentiary of the papal court.
[R.] Wood.

PENITENTLY
Pen"i*tent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a penitent manner.

PENK
Penk, n.

Defn: A minnow. See Pink, n., 4. [Prov. Eng.] Walton.

PENKNIFE
Pen"knife`, n.; pl. Penknives. Etym: [Pen + knife.]

Defn: A small pocketknife; formerly, a knife used for making and mending quill pens.

PENMAN
Pen"man, n.; pl. Penmen (.

1. One who uses the pen; a writer; esp., one skilled in the use of the pen; a calligrapher; a writing master.

2. An author; a composer. South.

PENMANSHIP
Pen"man*ship, n.

Defn: The use of the pen in writing; the art of writing; style or manner of writing; chirography; as, good or bad penmanship.

PENNA
Pen"na, n.; pl. Pennæ. Etym: [L.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A perfect, or normal, feather.

PENNACEOUS
Pen"na"ceous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to a normal feather.

PENNACH
Pen"nach, n. Etym: [OF. pennache. See Panache.]

Defn: A bunch of feathers; a plume. [Obs.] Holland.

PENNACHED
Pen"nached, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. pennaché. See Panache.]

Defn: Variegated; striped. [Obs.] Evelyn.

PENNAGE
Pen"nage, n. Etym: [L. penna feather.]

Defn: Feathery covering; plumage. [Obs.] Holland.

PENNANT Pen"nant, n. Etym: [OE. penon, penoun, pynoun, OF. penon, F. pennon, fr. L. penna feather. See Pen a feather, and cf. Pennon, Pinion.] (Naut.) (a) A small flag; a pennon. The narrow, or long, pennant (called also whip or coach whip) is a long, narrow piece of bunting, carried at the masthead of a government vessel in commission. The board pennant is an oblong, nearly square flag, carried at the masthead of a commodore's vessel. "With flags and pennants trimmed." Drayton. (b) A rope or strap to which a purchase is hooked.

PENNATE; PENNATED Pen"nate, Pen"na*ted, a. Etym: [L. pennatus feathered, winged, from penna feather, wing.]

1. Winged; plume-shaped.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Pinnate.

PENNATULA Pen*nat"u*la, n.; pl. L. Pennatulæ, E. Pennatulas. Etym: [NL., fr. L. penna a feather.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of Pennatula, Pteroides, and allied genera of Alcyonaria, having a featherlike form; a sea-pen. The zooids are situated along one edge of the side branches.

PENNATULACEA
Pen*nat`u*la"ce*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pennatula.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of alcyonoid corals, including the seapens and related kinds. They are able to move about by means of the hollow muscular peduncle, which also serves to support them upright in the mud. See Pennatula, and Illust. under Alcyonaria.

PENNED
Penned, a.

1. Winged; having plumes. [Obs.]

2. Written with a pen; composed. "Their penned speech." Shak.

PENNER
Pen"ner, n.

1. One who pens; a writer. Sir T. North.

2. A case for holding pens. [Obs.]

PENNIFORM
Pen"ni*form, a. Etym: [L. penna feather + -form: cf. F. penniforme.]

Defn: Having the form of a feather or plume.

PENNIGEROUS Pen*nig"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. penniger; penna feather + gerere to bear.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Bearing feathers or quills.

PENNILESS
Pen"ni*less, a. Etym: [From Penny.]

Defn: Destitute of money; impecunious; poor.
— Pen"ni*less*ness, n.

PENNINERVED
Pen"ni*nerved`, a. Etym: [L. penna feather + E. nerve.]

Defn: Pinnately veined or nerved.

PENNIPOTENT Pen*nip"o*tent, a. Etym: [L. pennipotens; penna wing + potens strong.]

Defn: Strong of wing; strong on the wing. [Poetic] Davies (Holy
Roode).

PENNON
Pen"non, n. Etym: [Cf. Pinion.]

Defn: A wing; a pinion. Milton.

PENNON
Pen"non, n. Etym: [See Pennant.]

Defn: A pennant; a flag or streamer. Longfellow.

PENNONCEL; PENNONCELLE
Pen"non*cel`, Pen"non*celle`, n. Etym: [OF. penoncel. See Pennant.]

Defn: See Pencel.

PENNY
Pen"ny, a. Etym: [Perh. a corruption of pun, for pound.]

Defn: Denoting pound weight for one thousand; — used in combination, with respect to nails; as, tenpenny nails, nails of which one thousand weight ten pounds.

PENNY Pen*ny, n.; pl. Pennies or Pence (. Pennies denotes the number of coins; pence the amount of pennies in value. Etym: [OE. peni, AS. penig, pening, pending; akin to D. penning, OHG. pfenning, pfenting, G. pfennig, Icel. penningr; of uncertain origin.]

1. An English coin, formerly of copper, now of bronze, the twelfth part of an English shilling in account value, and equal to four farthings, or about two cents; — usually indicated by the abbreviation d. (the initial of denarius).

Note: "The chief Anglo-Saxon coin, and for a long period the only one, corresponded to the denarius of the Continent . . . [and was] called penny, denarius, or denier." R. S. Poole. The ancient silver penny was worth about three pence sterling (see Pennyweight). The old Scotch penny was only one twelfth the value of the English coin. In the United States the word penny is popularly used for cent.

2. Any small sum or coin; a groat; a stiver. Shak.

3. Money, in general; as, to turn an honest penny. What penny hath Rome borne, What men provided, what munition sent Shak.

4. (Script.)

Defn: See Denarius. Penny cress (Bot.), an annual herb of the Mustard family, having round, flat pods like silver pennies (Thlaspi arvense). Dr. Prior. — Penny dog (Zoöl.), a kind of shark found on the South coast of Britain: the tope. — Penny father, a penurious person; a niggard. [Obs.] Robinson (More's Utopia). — Penny grass (Bot.), pennyroyal. [R.] — Penny post, a post carrying a letter for a penny; also, a mail carrier. — Penny wise, wise or prudent only in small matters; saving small sums while losing larger; — used chiefly in the phrase, penny wise and pound foolish.

PENNY
Pen"ny, a.

Defn: Worth or costing one penny.

PENNY-A-LINER
Pen"ny-a-lin"er, n.

Defn: One who furnishes matter to public journals at so much a line; a poor writer for hire; a hack writer. Thackeray.

PENNYROYAL Pen`ny*roy"al, n. Etym: [A corruption of OE. puliall royal. OE. puliall is ultimately derived fr. L. puleium, or pulegium regium (so called as being good against fleas), fr. pulex a flea; and royal is a translation of L. regium, in puleium regium.] (Bot.)

Defn: An aromatic herb (Mentha Pulegium) of Europe; also, a North American plant (Hedeoma pulegioides) resembling it in flavor. Bastard pennyroyal (Bot.) See Blue curls, under Blue.

PENNYWEIGHT
Pen"ny*weight`, n.

Defn: A troy weight containing twenty-four grains, or the twentieth part of an ounce; as, a pennyweight of gold or of arsenic. It was anciently the weight of a silver penny, whence the name.

PENNYWORT
Pen"ny*wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A European trailing herb (Linaria Cymbalaria) with roundish, reniform leaves. It is often cultivated in hanging baskets. March, or Water, pennywort. (Bot.) See under March.

PENNYWORTH
Pen"ny*worth`, n.

1. A penny's worth; as much as may be bought for a penny. "A dear pennyworth." Evelyn.

2. Hence: The full value of one's penny expended; due return for money laid out; a good bargain; a bargain. The priests sold the better pennyworths. Locke.

3. A small quantity; a trifle. Bacon.

PENOCK
Pen"ock, n.

Defn: See Pend.

PENOLOGICAL
Pen`o*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to penology.

PENOLOGIST
Pe*nol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in, or a student of, penology.

PENOLOGY
Pe*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. poena, punishment + -logy.]

Defn: The science or art of punishment. [Written also poenology.]

PENRACK
Pen"rack`, n.

Defn: A rack for pens not in use.

PENS
Pens, n.,

Defn: pl. of Penny. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PENSATIVE
Pen"sa*tive, a.

Defn: Pensive. [Obs.] Shelton.

PENSEL
Pen"sel, n.

Defn: A pencel. Chaucer.

PENSIBLE
Pen"si*ble, a.

Defn: Held aloft. [Obs.] Bacon.

PENSILE
Pen"sile, a. Etym: [L. pensilis, fr. pendere to hang: cf. OE. pensil.
See Pendant.]

Defn: Hanging; suspended; pendent; pendulous. Bacon.
The long, pensile branches of the birches. W. Howitt.

PENSILENESS
Pen"sile*ness, n.

Defn: State or quality of being pensile; pendulousness.

PENSION
Pen"sion, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. pensio a paying, payment, fr. pendere,
pensum, to weight, to pay; akin to pend to hang. See Pendant, and cf.
Spend.]

1. A payment; a tribute; something paid or given. [Obs.] The stomach's pension, and the time's expense. Sylvester.

2. A stated allowance to a person in consideration of past services; payment made to one retired from service, on account of age, disability, or other cause; especially, a regular stipend paid by a government to retired public officers, disabled soldiers, the families of soldiers killed in service, or to meritorious authors, or the like. To all that kept the city pensions and wages. 1 Esd. iv. 56.

3. A certain sum of money paid to a clergyman in lieu of tithes. [Eng.] Mozley & W.

4. Etym: [F., pronounced .]

Defn: A boarding house or boarding school in France, Belgium,
Switzerland, etc.

PENSION
Pen"sion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pensioned; p. pr. & vb. n. Pensioning.]

Defn: To grant a pension to; to pay a regular stipend to; in consideration of service already performed; — sometimes followed by off; as, to pension off a servant. One knighted Blackmore, and one pensioned Quarles. Pope.

PENSIONARY
Pen"sion*a*ry, a.

1. Maintained by a pension; receiving a pension; as, pensionary spies. Donne.

2. Consisting of a pension; as, a pensionary provision for maintenance.

PENSIONARY
Pen"sion*a*ry, n.; pl. Pensionaries. Etym: [Cf. F. pensionnaire. Cf.
Pensioner.]

1. One who receives a pension; a pensioner. E. Hall.

2. One of the chief magistrates of towns in Holland. Grand pensionary, the title of the prime minister, or or president of the Council, of Holland when a republic.

PENSIONER
Pen"sion*er, n.

1. One in receipt of a pension; hence, figuratively, a dependent. The fickle pensioners of Morpheus' train. Milton. Old pensioners . . . of Chelsea Hospital. Macaulay.

2. One of an honorable band of gentlemen who attend the sovereign of England on state occasions, and receive an annual pension, or allowance, of £150 and two horses.

3. Etym: [Cf. F. pensionnaire one who pays for his board. Cf. Pensionary, n.]

Defn: In the university of Cambridge, England, one who pays for his living in commons; — corresponding to commoner at Oxford. Ld. Lytton.

PENSIVE
Pen"sive, a. Etym: [F. pensif, fr. penser to think, fr. L. pensare to
weigh, ponder, consider, v. intens. fr. pendere to weigh. See
Pension, Poise.]

1. Thoughtful, sober, or sad; employed in serious reflection; given to, or favorable to, earnest or melancholy musing. The pensive secrecy of desert cell. Milton. Anxious cares the pensive nymph oppressed. Pope.

2. Expressing or suggesting thoughtfulness with sadness; as, pensive numbers. Prior.

PENSIVED
Pen"sived, a.

Defn: Made pensive. [R.] Shak.

PENSIVELY
Pen"sive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pensive manner.

PENSIVENESS
Pen"sive*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being pensive; serious thoughtfulness; seriousness. Hooker.

PENSTOCK Pen"stock, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain; perh. fr. pen an inclosure + stock.]

1. A close conduit or pipe for conducting water, as, to a water wheel, or for emptying a pond, or for domestic uses.

2. The barrel of a wooden pump.

PENT
Pent, p. p. or a. Etym: [From Pen, v. t.]

Defn: Penned or shut up; confined; — often with up.
Here in the body pent. J. Montgomery.
No pent-up Utica contracts your powers. J. M. Sewall.

PENTA-
Pen"ta-. Etym: [Gr. Five.]

1. A combining form denoting five; as, pentacapsular; pentagon.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: Denoting the degree of five, either as regards quality, property, or composition; as, pentasulphide; pentoxide, etc. Also used adjectively.

PENTABASIC
Pen`ta*ba"sic, a. Etym: [Penta- + basic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Capable of uniting with five molecules of a monacid base; having five acid hydrogen atoms capable of substitution by a basic radical; — said of certain acids.

PENTACAPSULAR
Pen`ta*cap"su*lar, a. Etym: [Penta- + capsular.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having five capsules.

PENTACHENIUM
Pen`ta*che"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Penta-, and Achenium.] (Bot.)

Defn: A dry fruit composed of five carpels, which are covered by an epigynous calyx and separate at maturity.

PENTACHLORIDE
Pen`ta*chlo"ride, n. Etym: [Penta- + chloride.] (Chem.)

Defn: A chloride having five atoms of chlorine in each molecule.

PENTACHORD
Pen"ta*chord, n. Etym: [L. pentachordus five-stringed, Gr.

1. An ancient instrument of music with five strings.

2. An order or system of five sounds. Busby.

PENTACID
Pen*tac"id ( Etym: [Penta- + acid.] (Chem.)

Defn: Capable of neutralizing, or combining with, five molecules of a monobasic acid; having five hydrogen atoms capable of substitution by acid residues; — said of certain complex bases.

PENTACLE
Pen"ta*cle, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A figure composed of two equilateral triangles intersecting so as to form a six-pointed star, — used in early ornamental art, and also with superstitious import by the astrologers and mystics of the Middle Ages.

PENTACOCCOUS
Pen`ta*coc"cous, a. Etym: [See Penta-, Coccus.] (Bot.)

Defn: Composed of five united carpels with one seed in each, as certain fruits.

PENTACONTER
Pen"ta*con`ter, n. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: See Penteconter.

PENTACRININ
Pen*tac"ri*nin, n. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A red and purple pigment found in certain crinoids of the genus
Pentacrinus.

PENTACRINITE
Pen*tac"ri*nite, n. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of Pentacrinus.

PENTACRINOID
Pen*tac"ri*noid, n. Etym: [Pentacrinus + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An immature comatula when it is still attached by a stem, and thus resembles a Pentacrinus.

PENTACRINUS
Pen*tac"ri*nus, n. Etym: [NL. See Penta-, and Crinum.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of large, stalked crinoids, of which several species occur in deep water among the West Indies and elsewhere.

PENTACRON
Pen*ta"cron, n.; pl. L. Pentacra, E. Pentacrons. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.
(Geom.)

Defn: A solid having five summits or angular points.

PENTACROSTIC
Pen`ta*cros"tic, n. Etym: [Penta- + acrostic.]

Defn: A set of verses so disposed that the name forming the subject of the acrostic occurs five times — the whole set of verses being divided into five different parts from top to bottom.

PENTAD
Pen"tad, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Any element, atom, or radical, having a valence of five, or which can be combined with, substituted for, or compared with, five atoms of hydrogen or other monad; as, nitrogen is a pentad in the ammonium compounds.

PENTAD
Pen"tad, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Having the valence of a pentad.

PENTADACTYL; PENTADACTYLE
Pen`ta*dac"tyl, Pen`ta*dac"tyle, a. Etym: [Gr. Penta-, and Dactyl.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: Having five digits to the hand or foot.

2. Having five appendages resembling fingers or toes.

PENTADACTYLOID
Pen`ta*dac"tyl*oid, a. Etym: [Pentadactyl + -oid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Having the form of, or a structure modified from, a pentadactyl limb.

PENTADECANE
Pen`ta*dec"ane, n. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon of the paraffin series, (C15H32) found in petroleum, tar oil, etc., and obtained as a colorless liquid; — so called from the fifteen carbon atoms in the molecule.

PENTADECATOIC
Pen`ta*dec`a*to"ic, a. Etym: [Penta- + decatoic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, pentadecane, or designating an acid related to it.

PENTADECYLIC
Pen`ta*decyl"ic, a. Etym: [Penta- + decylic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Quindecylic.

PENTADELPHOUS
Pen`ta*del"phous, a. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the stamens arranged in five clusters, those of each cluster having their filaments more or less united, as the flowers of the linden.

PENTAFID
Pen"ta*fid, a. Etym: [Penta- + root of L. findere to split.] (Bot.)

Defn: Divided or cleft into five parts.

PENTAGLOT
Pen"ta*glot, n. Etym: [Penta- + -glot, as in polyglot.]

Defn: A work in five different tongues.

PENTAGON
Pen"ta*gon, n. Etym: [Gr. Penta-) + gwni`a angle: cf. L. pentagonium,
F. pentagone.] (Geom.)

Defn: A plane figure having five angles, and, consequently, five sides; any figure having five angles. Regular pentagon, a pentagon in which the angles are all equal, and the sides all equal.

PENTAGONAL Pen*tag"o*nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pentagonal, pentagone, L. pentagonus, pentagonius, Gr.

Defn: Having five corners or angles. Pentagonal dodecahedron. See
Dodecahedron, and Pyritohedron.

PENTAGONALLY
Pen*tag"o*nal*ly, adv.

Defn: In the form of a pentagon; with five angles. Sir T. Browne.

PENTAGONOUS
Pen*tag"o*nous, a.

Defn: Pentagonal.

PENTAGRAM
Pen"ta*gram, n. Etym: [Gr. Penta-, and -gram.]

Defn: A pentacle or a pentalpha. "Like a wizard pentagram." Tennyson.

PENTAGRAPHIC; PENTAGRAPHICAL Pen`ta*graph"ic, Pen`ta*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Corrupted fr. pantographic, -ical.]

Defn: Pantographic. See Pantograph.

PENTAGYNIA
Pen`ta*gyn"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Penta-) + (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan order of plants, having five styles or pistils.

PENTAGYNIAN; PENTAGYNOUS
Pen`ta*gyn"i*an, Pen*tag"y*nous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to plants of the order Pentagyna; having five styles.

PENTAHEDRAL
Pen`ta*he"dral, a.

Defn: Having five sides; as, a pentahedral figure.

PENTAHEDRICAL
Pen`ta*hed"ric*al, a.

Defn: Pentahedral. [R.]

PENTAHEDRON
Pen`ta*he"dron, n. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. "e`dra seat, base.]

Defn: A solid figure having five sides.

PENTAHEDROUS
Pen`ta*he"drous, a.

Defn: Pentahedral. Woodward.

PENTAIL
Pen"tail`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A peculiar insectivore (Ptilocercus Lowii) of Borneo; — so called from its very long, quill-shaped tail, which is scaly at the base and plumose at the tip.

PENTALPHA
Pen*tal"pha, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. pentalpha. See Penta-, and
Alpha.]

Defn: A five-pointed star, resembling five alphas joined at their bases; — used as a symbol.

PENTAMERA
Pen*tam"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pentamerous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive division of Coleoptera, including those that normally have five-jointed tarsi. It embraces about half of all the known species of the Coleoptera.

PENTAMERAN
Pen*tam"er*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Pentamera.

PENTAMEROUS
Pen*tam"er*ous, a. Etym: [Penta- + Gr.

1. (Biol.)

Defn: Divided into, or consisting of, five parts; also, arranged in sets, with five parts in each set, as a flower with five sepals, five petals, five, or twice five, stamens, and five pistils.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Pentamera.

PENTAMERUS
Pen*tam"e*rus, n. Etym: [NL. See Pentamerous.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of extinct Paleozoic brachiopods, often very abundant in the Upper Silurian. Pentamerus limestone (Geol.), a Silurian limestone composed largely of the shells of Pentamerus.

PENTAMETER
Pen*tam"e*ter, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Penta-) + (Gr. & L.Pros.)

Defn: A verse of five feet.

Note: The dactylic pentameter consists of two parts separated by a diæresis. Each part consists of two dactyls and a long syllable. The spondee may take the place of the dactyl in the first part, but not in the second. The elegiac distich consists of the hexameter followed by the pentameter. Harkness.

PENTAMETER
Pen*tam"e*ter, a.

Defn: Having five metrical feet.

PENTAMETHYLENE
Pen`ta*meth"yl*ene, n. Etym: [Penta- + methylene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hypothetical hydrocarbon, C5H10, metameric with the amylenes, and the nucleus of a large number of derivatives; — so named because regarded as composed of five methylene residues. Cf. Trimethylene, and Tetramethylene.

PENTANDRIA
Pen*tan"dri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Penta-) + (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants having five separate stamens.

PENTANDRIAN; PENTANDROUS
Pen*tan"dri*an, Pen*tan"drous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the class Pentadria; having five stamens.

PENTANE
Pen"tane, n. Etym: [See Penta-.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of the three metameric hydrocarbons, C5H12, of the methane or paraffin series. They are colorless, volatile liquids, two of which occur in petroleum. So called because of the five carbon atoms in the molecule.

PENTANGLE
Pen"tan`gle, n. Etym: [Penta- + angle.]

Defn: A pentagon. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

PENTANGULAR
Pen*tan"gu*lar, a. Etym: [Penta- + angular.]

Defn: Having five corners or angles. [R.]

PENTAPETALOUS
Pen`ta*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Penta- + petal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having five petals, or flower leaves.

PENTAPHYLLOUS
Pen*taph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having five leaves or leaflets.

PENTAPODY
Pen*tap"o*dy, n. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. (Pros.)

Defn: A measure or series consisting of five feet.

PENTAPTOTE
Pen"tap*tote, n. Etym: [L. (pl.) pentaptota. Gr. Penta-) + (Gram.)

Defn: A noun having five cases.

PENTAPTYCH
Pen"tap*tych, n. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. (Fine Arts)

Defn: A picture, or combination of pictures, consisting of a centerpiece and double folding doors or wings, as for an altarpiece.

PENTARCHY
Pen"tar*chy, n. Etym: [Gr. pentarchie. See Penta-, and -archy.]

Defn: A government in the hands of five persons; five joint rulers.
P. Fletcher. "The pentarchy of the senses." A. Brewer.

PENTASPAST
Pen"ta*spast, n. Etym: [L. pentaspaston, Gr. Penta-) + pentaspaste.]

Defn: A purchase with five pulleys. [R.]

PENTASPERMOUS
Pen`ta*sper"mous, a. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Containing five seeds.

PENTASTICH
Pen"ta*stich, n. Etym: [Gr. Penta-) +

Defn: A composition consisting of five verses.

PENTASTICHOUS
Pen*tas"ti*chous, a. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having, or arranged in, five vertical ranks, as the leaves of an apple tree or a cherry tree.

PENTASTOMIDA
Pen`ta*stom"i*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Penta-) + (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Linguatulina.

PENTASTYLE
Pen"ta*style, a. Etym: [Penta- + Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: Having five columns in front; — said of a temple or portico in classical architecture. — n.

Defn: A portico having five columns.

PENTATEUCH
Pen"ta*teuch, n. Etym: [L. pentateuchus, Gr. Penta-) + text. See
Five, and Text.]

Defn: The first five books of the Old Testament, collectively; — called also the Law of Moses, Book of the Law of Moses, etc.

PENTATEUCHAL
Pen`ta*teu"chal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Pentateuch.

PENTATHIONIC
Pen`ta*thi*on"ic, a. Etym: [Penta- + thionic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of sulphur obtained by leading hydrogen sulphide into a solution of sulphur dioxide; — so called because it contains five atoms of sulphur.

PENTATHLON
Pen*tath"lon, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A fivefold athletic performance peculiar to the great national games of the Greeks, including leaping, foot racing, wrestling, throwing the discus, and throwing the spear.

PENTATOMIC Pen`ta*tom"ic, a. Etym: [Penta- + atomic.] (Chem.) (a) Having five atoms in the molecule. (b) Having five hydrogen atoms capable of substitution.

PENTAVALENT
Pen*tav"a*lent, a. Etym: [Penta- + L. valens, p. pr. See Valence.]
(Chem.)

Defn: Having a valence of five; — said of certain atoms and radicals.

PENTECONTER
Pen"te*con`ter, n. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A Grecian vessel with fifty oars. [Written also pentaconter.]

PENTECOST
Pen"te*cost, n. Etym: [L. pentecoste, Gr. Five, and cf. Pingster.]

1. A solemn festival of the Jews; — so called because celebrated on the fiftieth day (seven weeks) after the second day of the Passover (which fell on the sixteenth of the Jewish month Nisan); — hence called, also, the Feast of Weeks. At this festival an offering of the first fruits of the harvest was made. By the Jews it was generally regarded as commemorative of the gift of the law on the fiftieth day after the departure from Egypt.

2. A festival of the Roman Catholic and other churches in commemoration of the descent of the Holy Spirit on the apostles; which occurred on the day of Pentecost; — called also Whitsunday. Shak.

PENTECOSTAL
Pen`te*cos"tal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Pentecost or to Whitsuntide.

PENTECOSTALS
Pen`te*cos"tals, n. pl.

Defn: Offerings formerly made to the parish priest, or to the mother church, at Pentecost. Shipley.

PENTECOSTER
Pen`te*cos"ter, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: An officer in the Spartan army commanding fifty men. Mitford.

PENTECOSTY
Pen`te*cos"ty, n.; pl. Pentecosties. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A troop of fifty soldiers in the Spartan army; — called also pentecostys. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

PENTELIC; PENTELICAN
Pen*tel"ic, Pen*tel"i*can, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Mount Pentelicus, near Athens, famous for its fine white marble quarries; obtained from Mount Pentelicus; as, the Pentelic marble of which the Parthenon is built.

PENTENE
Pen"tene, n. Etym: [See Penta-.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Amylene.

PENTHOUSE
Pent"house`, n. Etym: [A corruption of pentice.]