C (part 1)

1. C is the third letter of the English alphabet. It is from the Latin letter C, which in old Latin represented the sounds of k, and g (in go); its original value being the latter. In Anglo-Saxon words, or Old English before the Norman Conquest, it always has the sound of k. The Latin C was the same letter as the Greek got it from the Phoenicians. The English name of C is from the Latin name ce, and was derived, probably, through the French. Etymologically C is related to g, h, k, q, s (and other sibilant sounds). Examples of these relations are in L. acutus, E. acute, ague; E. acrid, eagar; L. cornu, E. horn; E. cat, kitten; E. coy, quiet; L. circare, OF. cerchier, E. search.

Note: See Guide to Pronunciation, t\'c5 221-228.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: (a) The keynote of the normal or "natural" scale, which has neither flats nor sharps in its signature; also, the third note of the relative minor scale of the same (b) C after the clef is the mark of common time, in which each measure is a semibreve (four fourths or crotchets); for alla breve time it is written (c) The "C clef," a modification of the letter C, placed on any line of the staff, abows that line to be middle C.

3. As a numeral, C stands for Latin centum or 100, CC for 200, etc. C spring, a spring in the form of the letter C.

CAABA
Ca*a"ba, n. Etym: [Ar. ka'ban, let, a square building, fr. ka'b cube]

Defn: The small and nearly cubical stone building, toward which all
Mohammedans must pray. [Written also kaaba.]

Note: The Caaba is situated in Mecca, a city of Arabia, and contains a famous black stone said to have been brought from heaven. Before the time of Mohammed, the Caaba was an idolatrous temple, but it has since been the chief sanctuary and object of pilgrimage of the Mohammedan world.

CAADA
Ca*ña"da, n. [Sp.]

Defn: A small cañon; a narrow valley or glen; also, but less frequently, an open valley. [Local, Western U. S.]

CAAS
Caas, n. sing. & pl.

Defn: Case. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CAATINGA
Caa*tin"ga, n. [Tupi caa-tinga white forest.] (Phytogeography)

Defn: A forest composed of stunted trees and thorny bushes, found in areas of small rainfall in Brazil.

CAB
Cab, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. cabriolet.]

1. A kind of close carriage with two or four wheels, usually a public vehicle. "A cab came clattering up." Thackeray.

Note: A cab may have two seats at right to the driver's seat, and a door behind; or one seat parallel to the driver's, with the entrance from the side or front. Hansom cab. See Hansom.

2. The covered part of a locomotive, in which the engineer has his station. Knight.

CAB
Cab, n. Etym: [Heb. gab, fr. qabab to hollow.]

Defn: A Hebrew dry measure, containing a little over two (2.37) pints. W. H. Ward. 2 Kings vi. 25.

CABAL
Ca*bal", n. Etym: [F. cabale cabal, cabala LL. cabala cabala, fr.
Heb. qabbaleh reception, tradition, mysterious doctrine, fr. qabal to
take or receive, in Piël qibbel to abopt (a doctrine).]

1. Tradition; occult doctrine. See Cabala [Obs.] Hakewill.

2. A secret. [Obs.] "The measuring of the temple, a cabal found out but lately." B. Jonson.

3. A number of persons united in some close design, usually to promote their private views and interests in church or state by intrigue; a secret association composed of a few designing persons; a junto.

Note: It so happend, by a whimsical coincidence, that in 1671 the cabinet consisted of five persons, the initial letters of whose names made up the word cabal; Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale. Macaulay.

4. The secret artifices or machinations of a few persons united in a close design; in intrigue. By cursed cabals of women. Dryden. Syn. - Junto; intrigue; plot; combination; conspiracy. — Cabal, Combination, Faction. An association for some purpose considered to be bad is the idea common to these terms. A combination is an organized union of individuals for mutual support, in urging their demands or resisting the claims of others, and may be good or bad according to circumstances; as, a combiniation of workmen or of employers to effect or to prevent a chang in prices. A cabal is a secret association of a few individuals who seek by cunning practices to obtain office and power. A faction is a larger body than a cabal, employed for selfish purposes in agitating the community and working up an excitement with a view to change the existing order of things. "Selfishness, insubordination, and laxity of morals give rise to combinations, which belong particularly to the lower orders of society. Restless, jealous, ambitious, and little minds are ever forming cabals. Factions belong especially to free governments, and are raised by busy and turbulent spirits for selfish porposes". Crabb.

CABAL
Ca*bal", v. i. [int. & p. p. Caballed; p. pr. & vb. n. Caballing].
Etym: [Cf. F. cabaler.]

Defn: To unite in a small party to promote private views and interests by intrigue; to intrigue; to plot. Caballing still against it with the great. Dryden.

CABALA
Cab"a*la, n. Etym: [LL. See Cabal, n.]

1. A kind of occult theosophy or traditional interpretation of the Scriptures among Jewish rabbis and certain mediæval Christians, which treats of the nature of god and the mystery of human existence. It assumed that every letter, word, number, and accent of Scripture contains a hidden sense; and it teaches the methods of interpretation for ascertaining these occult meanings. The cabalists pretend even to foretell events by this means.

2. Secret science in general; mystic art; mystery.

CABALISM
Cab"a*lism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. cabalisme.]

1. The secret science of the cabalists.

2. A superstitious devotion to the mysteries of the religion which one professes. [R] Emerson.

CABALIST
Cab"a*list, n. Etym: [Cf.F. cabaliste.]

Defn: One versed in the cabala, or the mysteries of Jewish traditions. "Studious cabalists." Swift.

CABALISTIC; CABALISTICAL
Cab`a*lis"tic, Cab`a*lis"tic*al a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the cabala; containing or conveying an
occult meaning; mystic.
The Heptarchus is a cabalistic of the first chapter of Genesis.
Hallam.

CABALISTICALLY
Cab`a*lis"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a cabalistic manner.

CABALIZE
Cab"a*lize, v. i. Etym: [Cf.F. cabaliser.]

Defn: To use cabalistic language. [R] Dr. H. More.

CABALLER
Ca*bal"ler, n.

Defn: One who cabals.
A close caballer and tongue-valiant lord. Dryden.

CABALLERIA
Ca`bal*le*ri"a, n. [Sp. See Caballero.]

Defn: An ancient Spanish land tenure similar to the English knight's fee; hence, in Spain and countries settled by the Spanish, a land measure of varying size. In Cuba it is about 33 acres; in Porto Rico, about 194 acres; in the Southwestern United States, about 108 acres.

CABALLERO
Ca`bal*le"ro, n. [Sp. Cf. Cavalier.]

Defn: A knight or cavalier; hence, a gentleman.

CABALLINE
Cab"al*line, a. Etym: [L.caballinus, fr. caballus a nag. Cf.
Cavalier.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a horse.
— n.

Defn: Caballine aloes. Caballine aloes, an inferior and impure kind of aloes formerly used in veterinary practice; — called also horse aloes. — Caballine spring, the fountain of Hippocrene, on Mount Helicon; - - fabled to have been formed by a stroke from the foot of the winged horse Pegasus.

CABALLO Ca*bal"lo (ka*väl"yo; 220), n. [Written also cavallo.] [Sp., fr. L. caballus a nag. See Cavalcade.]

Defn: A horse. [Sp. Amer.]

CABARET
Cab"a*ret, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A tavern; a house where liquors are retailed. [Obs. as an
English word.]

CABAS
Ca*bas", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A flat basket or frail for figs, etc.; Hence, a lady's flat workbasket, reticule, or hand bag; — often written caba. C. Bronté.

CABASSOU
Ca*bas"sou, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A speciec of armadillo of the genus Xenurus (X. unicinctus and
X. hispidus); the tatouay. [Written also Kabassou.]

CABBAGE Cab"bage, n. Etym: [OE. cabage, fr. F. cabus headed (of cabbages), chou cobus headed cabbage, cabbage head; cf. It. capuccio a little head, cappuccio cowl, hood, cabbage, fr. capo head, L. caput, or fr. It. cappa cape. See Chiff, Cape.] (Bot.)

1. An esculent vegetable of many varieties, derived from the wild Brassica oleracea of Europe. The common cabbage has a compact head of leaves. The cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, etc., are sometimes classed as cabbages.

2. The terminal bud of certain palm trees, used, like, cabbage, for food. See Cabbage tree, below.

3. The cabbage palmetto. See below. Cabbage aphis (Zoöl.), a green plant-louse (Aphis brassicæ) which lives upon the leaves of the cabbage. — Cabbage Beetle (Zoöl.), a small, striped flea-beetle (Phyllotreta vittata) which lives, in the larval state, on the roots, and when adult, on the leaves, of cabbage and other cruciferous plants. — Cabbage butterfly (Zoöl.), a white butterfly (Pieris rapæ of both Europe and America, and the Allied P. oleracea, a native American species) which, in the larval state, devours the leaves of the cabbage and the turnip. See Cabbage worm, below. — Cabbage Fly (Zoöl.), a small two-winged fly (Anthomyia brassicæ), which feeds, in the larval or maggot state, on the roots of the cabbage, often doing much damage to the crop. — Cabbage head, the compact head formed by the leaves of a cabbage; — contemptuously or humorously, and colloquially, a very stupid and silly person; a numskull. — Cabbage palmetto, a species of palm tree (Sabal Palmetto) found along the coast from North Carolina to Florida. — Cabbage rose (Bot.), a species of rose (Rosa centifolia) having large and heavy blossoms. — Cabbage tree, Cabbage palm, a name given to palms having a terminal bud called a cabbage, as the Sabal Palmetto of the United States, and the Euterpe oleracea and Oreodoxa oleracea of the West Indies. — Cabbage worm (Zoöl.), the larva of several species of moths and butterfies, which attacks cabbages. The most common is usully the larva of a white butterfly. See Cabbage Butterfly, above. The cabbage cutworms, which eat off the stalks or young plants during the night, are the larvæ of several species of moths, of the genus Agrotis. See Cutworm. — Sea cabbage.(Bot.) (a) Sea kale (b). The original Plant (Brassica oleracea), from which the cabbage, cauliflower, , broccoli, etc., have been derived by cultivation. — Thousand-headed cabbage. See Brussels sprouts.

CABBAGE
Cab"bage, v. i.

Defn: To form a head like that the cabbage; as, to make lettuce cabbage. Johnson.

CABBAGE
Cab"bage, v. i. [imp. & p.p Cabbaged; p. pr. & vb. n. Cabbaging (.]
Etym: [F.cabasser, fr. OF. cabas theft; cf. F. cabas basket, and OF.
cabuser to cheat.]

Defn: To purloin or embezzle, as the pieces of cloth remaining after cutting out a garment; to pilfer. Your tailor . . . cabbages whole yards of cloth. Arbuthnot.

CABBAGE
Cab"bage, n.

Defn: Cloth or clippings cabbaged or purloined by one who cuts out garments.

CABBLER
Cab"bler, n.

Defn: One who works at cabbling.

CABBLING
Cab"bling, n. (Metal)

Defn: The process of breaking up the flat masses into which wrought iron is first hammered, in order that the pieces may be reheated and wrought into bar iron.

CABECA; CABESSE
Ca*be"ça, Ca*besse", n. Etym: [Pg. cabeça, F. cabesse.]

Defn: The finest kind of silk received from India.

CABER
Ca"ber, n. Etym: [Gael]

Defn: A pole or beam used in Scottish games for tossing as a trial of strength.

CABEZON
Cab`e*zon", n. Etym: [Sp., properly, big head. Cf. Cavesson.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A California fish (Hemilepidotus spinosus), allied to the sculpin.

CABIAI
Cab"i*ai, n. Etym: [Native South American name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The capybara. See Capybara.

CABIN
Cab"in, n. Etym: [OF. caban, fr. W. caban booth, cabin, dim. of cab
cot, tent; or fr. F. cabane, cabine, LL. cabanna, perh. from the
Celtic.]

1. A cottage or small house; a hut. Swift. A hunting cabin in the west. E. Everett.

2. A small room; an inclosed place. So long in secret cabin there he held Her captive. Spenser.

3. A room in ship for officers or passengers. Cabin boy, a boy whose duty is wait on the officers and passengers in the cabin of a ship.

CABIN
Cab"in v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cabined (-nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Cabining.]

Defn: To live in, or as in, a cabin; to lodge.
I'll make you . . . cabin in a cave. Shak.

CABIN
Cab"in, v. t.

Defn: To confine in, or as in, a cabin.
I am cabined, cribbed, confined, bound in To saucy doubts and fears.
Shak.

CABINET
Cab"i*net, n. Etym: [F., dim. of cabine or cabane. See Cabin, n.]

1. A hut; a cottage; a small house. [Obs.] Hearken a while from thy green cabinet, The rural song of careful Colinet. Spenser.

2. A small room, or retired apartment; a closet.

3. A private room in which consultations are held. Philip passed some hours every day in his father's cabinet. Prescott.

4. The advisory council of the chief executive officer of a nation; a cabinet council.

Note: In England, the cabinet or cabinet council consists of those privy coucilors who actually transact the immediate business of the government. Mozley & W. — In the United States, the cabinet is composed of the heads of the executive departments of the government, namely, the Secretary of State, of the Treasury, of War, of the Navy, of the Interior, and of Agiculture, the Postmaster-general ,and the Attorney-general.

5. (a) A set of drawers or a cupboard intended to contain articles of value. Hence: (b) A decorative piece of furniture, whether open like an étagère or closed with doors. See Etagere.

6. Any building or room set apart for the safe keeping and exhibition of works of art, etc.; also, the collection itself. Cabinet council. (a) Same as Cabinet, n., 4 (of which body it was formerly the full title). (b) A meeting of the cabinet. — Cabinet councilor, a member of a cabinet council. — Cabinet photograph, a photograph of a size smaller than an imperial, though larger than a carte de visite. — Cabinet picture, a small and generally highly finished picture, suitable for a small room and for close inspection.

CABINET
Cab"i*net, a.

Defn: Suitable for a cabinet; small.
He [Varnhagen von Ense] is a walking cabinet edition of Goethe. For.
Quar. Rev.

CABINET
Cab"i*net, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cabineted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Cabineting.]

Defn: To inclose [R.] Hewyt.

CABINETMAKER
Cab"i*net*mak`er, n.

Defn: One whose occupation is to make cabinets or other choice articles of household furniture, as tables, bedsteads, bureaus, etc.

CABINETMAKING
Cab"i*net*mak`ing, n.

Defn: The art or occupation of making the finer articles of household furniture.

CABINETWORK
Cab"i*net*work`, n.

Defn: The art or occupation of working upon wooden furniture requiring nice workmanship; also, such furniture.

CABIREAN
Cab`i*re"an

Defn: ,n.One of the Cabiri.

CABIRI
Ca*bi"ri, n. pl. Etym: [ NL., fr. Gr. Ka`beiroi.] (Myth.)

Defn: Certain deities originally worshiped with mystical rites by the Pelasgians in Lemnos and Samothrace and afterwards throughout Greece; — also called sons of Hephæstus (or Vulcan), as being masters of the art of working metals. [Written also Cabeiri.] Liddell & Scott.

CABIRIAN
Ca*bir"i*an, a.

Defn: Same as Cabiric.

CABIRIC
Ca*bir"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. Cabirique]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Cabiri, or to their mystical worship.
[Written also Cabiritic.]

CABLE
Ca"ble, n. Etym: [F. Câble,m LL. capulum, caplum, a rope, fr. L.
capere to take; cf. D., Dan., & G. rabel, from the French. See
Capable.]

1. A large, strong rope or chain, of considerable length, used to retain a vessel at anchor, and for other purposes. It is made of hemp, of steel wire, or of iron links.

2. A rope of steel wire, or copper wire, usually covered with some protecting, or insulating substance; as, the cable of a suspension bridge; a telegraphic cable.

3. (Arch)

Defn: A molding, shaft of a column, or any other member of convex, rounded section, made to resemble the spiral twist of a rope; — called also cable molding. Bower cable, the cable belonging to the bower anchor. — Cable road, a railway on which the cars are moved by a continuously running endless rope operated by a stationary motor. — Cable's length, the length of a ship's cable. Cables in the merchant service vary in length from 100 to 140 fathoms or more; but as a maritime measure, a cable's length is either 120 fathoms (720 feet), or about 100 fathoms (600 feet, an approximation to one tenth of a nautical mile). — Cable tier. (a) That part of a vessel where the cables are stowed. (b) A coil of a cable. — Sheet cable, the cable belonging to the sheet anchor. — Stream cable, a hawser or rope, smaller than the bower cables, to moor a ship in a place sheltered from wind and heavy seas. — Submarine cable. See Telegraph. — To pay out the cable, To veer out the cable, to slacken it, that it may run out of the ship; to let more cable run out of the hawse hole. — To serve the cable, to bind it round with ropes, canvas, etc., to prevent its being, worn or galled in the hawse, et. — To slip the cable, to let go the end on board and let it all run out and go overboard, as when there is not time to weigh anchor. Hence, in sailor's use, to die.

CABLE
Ca"ble, v. t.

1. To fasten with a cable.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: To ornament with cabling. See Cabling.

CABLE
Ca"ble, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Cabled (-b'ld); p. pr. & vb. n.
Cabling (-blòng).]

Defn: To telegraph by a submarine cable [Recent]

CABLED
Ca"bled, a.

1. Fastened with, or attached to, a cable or rope. "The cabled stone." Dyer.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: Adorned with cabling.

CABLEGRAM
Ca"ble*gram`, n. Etym: [Cable, n. + Gr.

Defn: A message sent by a submarine telegraphic cable.

Note: [A recent hybrid, sometimes found in the newspapers.]

CABLELAID
Ca"ble*laid`, a.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: Composed of three three-stranded ropes, or hawsers, twisted together to form a cable.

2. Twisted after the manner of a cable; as, a cable-laid gold chain. Simmonds.

CABLET
Ca"blet, n. Etym: [Dim. of cable; cf. F. câblot.]

Defn: A little cable less than ten inches in circumference.

CABLING
Ca"bling, n. (Arch.)

Defn: The decoration of a fluted shaft of a column or of a pilaster with reeds, or rounded moldings, which seem to be laid in the hollows of the fluting. These are limited in length to about one third of the height of the shaft.

CABMAN
Cab"man, n.; pl. Cabmen (.

Defn: The driver of a cab.

CABOB
Ca*bob", n. Etym: [Hindi kabab]

1. A small piece of mutton or other meat roasted on a skewer; — so called in Turkey and Persia.

2. A leg of mutton roasted, stuffed with white herrings and sweet herbs. Wright.

CABOB
Ca*bob", v. t.

Defn: To roast, as a cabob. Sir. T. Herbert.

CABOCHED
Ca*boched", a. Etym: [F. caboche head. Cf. lst Cabbage.] (Her.)

Defn: Showing the full face, but nothing of the neck; — said of the head of a beast in armorial bearing. [Written also caboshed.]

CABOCHON
Ca`bo`chon" (ka`bo`shôN"), n. [F.] (Jewelry)

Defn: A stone of convex form, highly polished, but not faceted; also, the style of cutting itself. Such stones are said to be cut en cabochon.

CABOODLE
Ca*boo"dle, n.

Defn: The whole collection; the entire quantity or number; — usually in the phrase the whole caboodle. [Slang, U.S.] Bartlett.

CABOOSE Ca*boose", n. Etym: [Cf. D. kabuis, kombuis, Dan. kabys, Sw. kabysa, G. kabuse a little room or hut. The First part of the word seems to be allied to W. cab cabin, booth. Cf. Cabin.] [Written also camboose.]

1. (Naut.)

Defn: A house on deck, where the cooking is done; — commonly called the galley.

2. (Railroad)

Defn: A car used on freight or construction trains for brakemen, workmen, etc.; a tool car. [U. S.]

CABOTAGE Cab"o*tage, n. Etym: [F. cabotage, fr. caboter to sail along the coast; cf. Sp. cabo cape.] (Naut.)

Defn: Navigation along the coast; the details of coast pilotage.

CABREE
Ca*brée", n. Etym: [French Canadian.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pronghorn antelope. [Also written cabrit, cabret.]

CABRERITE
Ca*brer"ite, n. (Min.)

Defn: An apple-green mineral, a hydrous arseniate of nickel, cobalt, and magnesia; — so named from the Sierra Cabrera, Spain.

CABRILLA
Ca*bril"la, n. Etym: [Sp., prawn.] (Zoöl)

Defn: A name applied to various species of edible fishes of the genus Serranus, and related genera, inhabiting the Meditarranean, the coast of California, etc. In California, some of them are also called rock bass and kelp salmon.

CABRIOLE
Cab"ri*ole, n. Etym: [F. See Cabriolet, and cf. Capriole.] (Man.)

Defn: A curvet; a leap. See Capriole.
The cabrioles which his charger exhibited. Sir W. Scott.

CABRIOLET Cab`ri*o*let", n.Etym: [F., dim. of cabriole a leap, caper, from It. capriola, fr. dim. of L. caper he-goat, capra she-goat. This carriage is so called from its skipping lightness. Cf. Cab, Caper a leap.]

Defn: A one-horse carriage with two seats and a calash top.

CABRIT
Ca*brit", n.

Defn: Same as Cabrée.

CABURN
Cab"urn, n. Etym: [Cf. Cable, n.] (Naut.)

Defn: A small line made of spun yarn, to bind or worm cables, seize tackles, etc.

CACAEMIA; CACHAEMIA
Ca*cæ"mi*a, Ca*chæ"mi*a n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A degenerated or poisoned condition of the blood.

CACAINE
Ca*ca"ine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The essential principle of cacao; — now called theobromine.

CACAJAO
Ca*ca*jão", n. Etym: [Pg.] (Zoöl)

Defn: A South American short-tailed monkey (Pithecia (or Brachyurus) melanocephala). [Written also cacajo.]

CACAO
Ca*ca"o, n. Etym: [Sp., fr. Mex. kakahuatl. Cf. Cocoa, Chocolate]
(Bot.)

Defn: A small evergreen tree (Theobroma Cacao) of South America and the West Indies. Its fruit contains an edible pulp, inclosing seeds about the size of an almond, from which cocoa, chocolate, and broma are prepared.

CACHAEMIA; CACHEMIA
Ca*chæ"mi*a, Ca*che"mi*a, n. [NL., fr. Gr. bad + blood.] (Med.)

Defn: A degenerated or poisoned condition of the blood. —Ca*chæ"mic,
Ca*che"mic (#), a.

CACHALOT
Cach"a*lot, n. Etym: [F. cachalot.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus). It has in the top of its head a large cavity, containing an oily fluid, which, after death, concretes into a whitish crystalline substance called spermaceti. See Sperm whale.

CACHE
Cache, n. Etym: [F., a hiding place, fr. cacher to conceal, to hide.]

Defn: A hole in the ground, or hiding place, for concealing and preserving provisions which it is inconvenient to carry. Kane.

CACHECTIC; CACHECTICAL Ca*chec"tic, Ca*chec"tic*al, a. Etym: [L. cachecticus, Gr. cachectique.]

Defn: Having, or pertaining to, cachexia; as, cachectic remedies; cachectical blood. Arbuthnot.

CACHEPOT
Cache`pot" (kash`po"), n. Etym: [F., fr. cacher to hide + pot a pot.]

Defn: An ornamental casing for a flowerpot, of porcelain, metal, paper, etc.

CACHET
Cach"et, n. Etym: [F. fr. cacher to hide.]

Defn: A seal, as of a letter. Lettre de cachet Etym: [F.], a sealed letter, especially a letter or missive emanating from the sovereign; — much used in France before the Revolution as an arbitrary order of imprisonment.

CACHEXIA; CACHEXY
Ca*chex"i*a, Ca*chex"y, n. Etym: [L. cachexia, Gr.

Defn: A condition of ill health and impairment of nutrition due to impoverishment of the blood, esp. when caused by a specific morbid process (as cancer or tubercle).

CACHINNATION Cach`in*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. cachinnatio, fr. cachinnare to laugh aloud, cf Gr.

Defn: Loud or immoderate laughter; — often a symptom of hysterical
or maniacal affections.
Hideous grimaces . . . attended this unusual cachinnation. Sir W.
Scott.

CACHINNATORY
Ca*chin"na*to*ry, a.

Defn: Consisting of, or accompanied by, immoderate laughter.
Cachinnatory buzzes of approval. Carlyle.

CACHIRI
Ca*chi"ri, n.

Defn: A fermented liquor made in Cayenne from the grated root of the manioc, and resembling perry. Dunglison.

CACHOLONG
Cach"o*long, n, Etym: [F. cacholong, said to be from Cach, the name
of a river in Bucharia + cholon, a Calmuck word for stone; or fr. a
Calmuck word meaning "beautiful stone"] (Min.)

Defn: An opaque or milk-white chalcedony, a variety of quartz; also, a similar variety of opal.

CACHOU
Ca`chou", n. Etym: [F. See Cashoo.]

Defn: A silvered aromatic pill, used to correct the odor of the breath.

CACHUCHA
Ca*chu"cha, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: An Andalusian dance in three-four time, resembing the bolero.
[Sometimes in English spelled cachuca (.]
The orchestra plays the cachucha. Logfellow.

CACHUNDE
Ca*chun"de, n. Etym: [Sp.] (Med.)

Defn: A pastil or troche, composed of various aromatic and other ingredients, highly celebrated in India as an antidote, and as a stomachic and antispasmodic.

CACIQUE
Ca*cique", n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: See Cazique.

CACK
Cack, v. i. Etym: [OE. cakken, fr. L. cacare; akin to Gr. cac.]

Defn: To ease the body by stool; to go to stool. Pope.

CACKEREL
Cack"er*el, n. Etym: [OF. caquerel cagarel (Cotgr.), from the root of
E. cack.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The mendole; a small worthless Mediterranean fish considered poisonous by the ancients. See Mendole.

CACKLE Cac"kle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cackled (-k'ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Cackling.] Etym: [OE. cakelen; cf. LG. kakeln, D. kakelen, G. gackeln, gackern; all of imitative origin. Cf. Gagle, Cake to cackle.]

1. To make a sharp, broken noise or cry, as a hen or goose does. When every goose is cackling. Shak.

2. To laugh with a broken noise, like the cackling of a hen or a goose; to giggle. Arbuthnot.

3. To talk in a silly manner; to prattle. Johnson.

CACKLE
Cac"kle, n.

1. The sharp broken noise made by a goose or by a hen that has laid an egg. By her cackle saved the state. Dryden.

2. Idle talk; silly prattle. There is a buzz and cackle all around regarding the sermon. Thackeray.

CACKLER
Cac"kler, n.

1. A fowl that cackles.

2. One who prattles, or tells tales; a tattler.

CACKLING
Cac"kling, n.

Defn: The broken noise of a goose or a hen.

CACOCHYMIA; CACOCHYMY Cac`o*chym"i*a, Cac"o*chym`y, n. Etym: [NL. cacochymia, fr. Gr. cacochymie.] (Med.)

Defn: A vitiated state of the humors, or fluids, of the body, especially of the blood. Dunglison.

CACOCHYMIC; CACOCHYMICAL
Cac`o*chym"ic, Cac`o*chym"ic*al, a.

Defn: Having the fluids of the body vitiated, especially the blood.
Wiseman.

CACODEMON
Cac`o*de"mon, n. Etym: [Gr. cacodémon.]

1. An evil spirit; a devil or demon. Shak.

2. (Med.)

Defn: The nightmare. Dunaglison.

CACODOXICAL
Cac`o*dox"ic*al, a.

Defn: Heretical.

CACODOXY
Cac"o*dox`y, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Erroneous doctrine; heresy; heterodoxy. [R.]
Heterodoxy, or what Luther calls cacodoxy. R. Turnbull.

CACODYL
Cac"o*dyl, n. Etym: [Gr. -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: Alkarsin; a colorless, poisonous, arsenical liquid, As2(CH3)4, spontaneously inflammable and possessing an intensely disagreeable odor. It is the type of a series of compounds analogous to the nitrogen compounds called hydrazines. [Written also cacodyle, and kakodyl.]

CACODYLIC
Cac`o*dyl"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, cacodyl. Cacodylic acid, a white, crystalline, deliquescent substance, (CH3)2AsO.OH, obtained by the oxidation of cacodyl, and having the properties of an exceedingly stable acid; — also called alkargen.

CACOETHES
Cac`o*ë"thes, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. A bad custom or habit; an insatiable desire; as, cacoëthes scribendi, "The itch for writing". Addison.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A bad quality or disposition in a disease; an incurable ulcer.

CACOGASTRIC
Cac`o*gas"tric, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Troubled with bad digestion. [R.] Carlyle.

CACOGRAPHIC
Cac`o*graph`ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or characterized by, cacography; badly written or spelled.

CACOGRAPHY
Ca*cog`ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy; cf. F. cacographie.]

Defn: Incorrect or bad writing or spelling. Walpole.

CACOLET
Ca`co*let", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A chair, litter, or other contrivance fitted to the back or pack saddle of a mule for carrying travelers in mountainous districts, or for the transportation of the sick and wounded of an army.

CACOLOGY
Ca*col"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. cacologie.]

Defn: Bad speaking; bad choice or use of words. Buchanan.

CACOMIXLE; CACOMIXTLE; CACOMIXL
Ca`co*mix"le, Ca`co*mix"tle, Ca"co*mix`l, n. Etym: [Mexican name.]

Defn: A North American carnivore (Bassaris astuta), about the size of a cat, related to the raccoons. It inhabits Mexico, Texas, and California.

CACOON
Ca*coon", n.

Defn: One of the seeds or large beans of a tropical vine (Entada scandens) used for making purses, scent bottles, etc.

CACOPHONIC; CACOPHONICAL; CACOPHONOUS; CACOPHONIOUS
Cac`o*phon"ic, Cac`o*phon"ic*al, Ca*coph"o*nous, Cac`o*pho"ni*ous, a.

Defn: Harsh-sounding.

CACOPHONY
Ca*coph"o*ny, n.; pl. Cacophonies. Etym: [Gr. Cacophonie.]

1. (Rhet.)

Defn: An uncouth or disagreable sound of words, owing to the concurrence of harsh letters or syllables. "Cacophonies of all kinds." Pope.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: A combination of discordant sounds.

3. (Med.)

Defn: An unhealthy state of the voice.

CACOSTOMIA
Cac`o*sto"mi*a, n. [NL., fr. Gr. bad + mouth.] (Med.)

Defn: Diseased or gangrenous condition of the mouth.

CACOTECHNY
Cac"o*tech`ny, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A corruption or corrupt state of art. [R.]

CACOXENE; CACOXENITE
Ca*cox"ene, Ca*cox"e*nite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous phosphate of iron occurring in yellow radiated tufts.
The phosphorus seriously injures it as an iron ore.

CACTACEOUS
Cac*ta"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Belonging to, or like, the family of plants of which the prickly pear is a common example.

CACTUS Cac"tus, n. ; pl. E. Cactuses, Cacti (-ti). Etym: [L., a kind of cactus, Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Any plant of the order Cactacæ, as the prickly pear and the night-blooming cereus. See Cereus. They usually have leafless stems and branches, often beset with clustered thorns, and are mostly natives of the warmer parts of America. Cactus wren (Zoöl.), an American wren of the genus Campylorhynchus, of several species.

CACUMINAL
Ca*cu"mi*nal, a. Etym: [L. cacumen, cacuminis, the top, point.]
(Philol.)

Defn: Pertaining to the top of the palate; cerebral; — applied to certain consonants; as, cacuminal (or cerebral) letters.

CACUMINATE Ca*cu"mi*nate, v. i. Etym: [L. cacuminatus, p. p. of cacuminare to point, fr. cacumen point.]

Defn: To make sharp or pointed. [Obs.]

CAD
Cad, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. cadet.]

1. A person who stands at the door of an omnibus to open and shut it, and to receive fares; an idle hanger-on about innyards. [Eng.] Dickens.

2. A lowbred, presuming person; a mean, vulgar fellow. [Cant] Thackeray.

CADASTRAL
Ca*das"tral, a. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to landed property. Cadastral survey, or Cadastral map, a survey, map, or plan on a large scale (Usually topographical map, which exaggerates the dimensions of houses and the breadth of roads and streams, for the sake of distinctness. Brande & C.

CADASTRE; CADASTER
Ca*das"tre, Ca*das"ter, n. Etym: [f. cadastre.] (Law.)

Defn: An official statement of the quantity and value of real estate for the purpose of apportioning the taxes payable on such property.

CADAVER
Ca*da"ver, n. Etym: [L., fr cadere to fall.]

Defn: A dead human body; a corpse.

CADAVERIC
Ca*dav"er*ic, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a corpse, or the changes produced by death; cadaverous; as, cadaveric rigidity. Dunglison. Cadaveric alkaloid, an alkaloid generated by the processes of decomposition in dead animal bodies, and thought by some to be the cause of the poisonous effects produced by the bodies. See Ptomaine.

CADAVERINE; CADAVERIN
Ca*dav"er*ine, Ca*dav"er*in, n. [From Cadaver.] (Chem.)

Defn: A sirupy, nontoxic ptomaine, C5H14N2 (chemically pentamethylene diamine), formed in putrefaction of flesh, etc.

CADAVEROUS
Ca*dav"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. cadaverosus.]

1. Having the appearance or color of a dead human body; pale; ghastly; as, a cadaverous look.

2. Of or pertaining to, or having the qualities of, a dead body. "The scent cadaverous." — Ca*dav"er*ous*ly, adv. — Ca*dav"er*ous*ness, n.

CADBAIT
Cad"bait`, n. Etym: [Prov. E. codbait, cadbote fly.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Caddice.

CADDICE; CADDIS Cad"dice, Cad"dis, n. Etym: [Prov. E. caddy, cadew; cf. G. köder bait.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The larva of a caddice fly. These larvæ generally live in cylindrical cases, open at each end, and covered externally with pieces of broken shells, gravel, bits of wood, etc. They are a favorite bait with anglers. Called also caddice worm, or caddis worm. Caddice fly (Zoöl.), a species of trichopterous insect, whose larva is the caddice.

CADDIS Cad"dis, n. Etym: [OE. caddas, Scot. caddis lint, caddes a kind of woolen cloth, cf. Gael. cada, cadadh, a kind of cloth, cotton, fustian, W. cadas, F. cadis.]

Defn: A kind of worsted lace or ribbon. "Caddises, cambrics, lawns."
Shak.

CADDISH
Cad"dish, a.

Defn: Like a cad; lowbred and presuming.

CADDOW
Cad"dow, n. Etym: [OE. cadawe, prob. fr. ca chough + daw jackdaw; cf.
Gael. cadhag, cathag. Cf. Chough, Daw, n.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A jackdaw. [Prov. Eng.]

CADDY Cad"dy, n.; pl. Caddies. Etym: [Earlier spelt catty, fr. Malay kati a weight of 11/3 pounds. Cf. Catty.]

Defn: A small box, can, or chest to keep tea in.

CADE
Cade, a. Etym: [Cf. OE. cad, kod, lamb, also Cosset, Coddle.]

Defn: Bred by hand; domesticated; petted.
He brought his cade lamb with him. Sheldon.

CADE
Cade, v. t.

Defn: To bring up or nourish by hand, or with tenderness; to coddle; to tame. [Obs.] Johnson.

CADE
Cade, n. Etym: [L. cadus jar, Gr.

Defn: A barrel or cask, as of fish. "A cade of herrings." Shak.
A cade of herrings is 500, of sprats 1,000. Jacob, Law Dict.

CADE
Cade, n. Etym: [F. & Pr.; LL. cada.]

Defn: A species of juniper (Juniperus Oxycedrus) of Mediterranean countries. Oil of cade, a thick, black, tarry liquid, obtained by destructive distillation of the inner wood of the cade. It is used as a local application in skin diseases.

CADENCE
Ca"dence, n. Etym: [OE. cadence, cadens, LL. cadentia a falling, fr.
L. cadere to fall; cf. F. cadence, It. cadenza. See Chance.]

1. The act or state of declining or sinking. [Obs.] Now was the sun in western cadence low. Milton.

2. A fall of the voice in reading or speaking, especially at the end of a sentence.

3. A rhythmical modulation of the voice or of any sound; as, music of bells in cadence sweet. Blustering winds, which all night long Had roused the sea, now with hoarse cadence lull Seafaring men o'erwatched. Milton. The accents . . . were in passion's tenderest cadence. Sir W. Scott.

4. Rhythmical flow of language, in prose or verse. Golden cadence of poesy. Shak. If in any composition much attention was paid to the flow of the rhythm, it was said (at least in the 14th and 15th centuries) to be "prosed in faire cadence." Dr. Guest.

5. (Her.)

Defn: See Cadency.

6. (Man.)

Defn: Harmony and proportion in motions, as of a well-managed horse.

7. (Mil.)

Defn: A uniform time and place in marching.

8. (Mus.) (a) The close or fall of a strain; the point of rest, commonly reached by the immediate succession of the tonic to the dominant chord. (b) A cadenza, or closing embellishment; a pause before the end of a strain, which the performer may fill with a flight of fancy. Imperfect cadence. (Mus.) See under Imperfect.

CADENCE
Ca"dence, v. t.

Defn: To regulate by musical measure.
These parting numbers, cadenced by my grief. Philips.

CADENCY
Ca"den*cy, n.

Defn: Descent of related families; distinction between the members of a family according to their ages. Marks of cadency (Her.), bearings indicating the position of the bearer as older or younger son, or as a descendant of an older or younger son. See Difference (Her.).

CADENE
Ca*dene", n. Etym: [Cf. F. cadène.]

Defn: A species of inferior carpet imported from the Levant.
McElrath.

CADENT
Ca"dent, a. Etym: [L. cadens, -entis, p. pr. of cadere to fall.]

Defn: Falling. [R.] "Cadent tears." Shak.

CADENZA
Ca*den"za, n. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: A parenthetic flourish or flight of ornament in the course of a piece, commonly just before the final cadence.

CADER
Ca"der, n.

Defn: See Cadre.

CADET Ca*det", n. Etym: [F. cadet a younger or the youngest son or brother, dim. fr. L. caput head; i. e., a smaller head of the family, after the first or eldest. See Chief, and cf. Cad.]

1. The younger of two brothers; a younger brother or son; the youngest son. The cadet of an ancient and noble family. Wood.

2. (Mil.) (a) A gentleman who carries arms in a regiment, as a volunteer, with a view of acquiring military skill and obtaining a commission. (b) A young man in training for military or naval service; esp. a pupil in a military or naval school, as at West Point, Annapolis, or Woolwich.

Note: All the undergraduates at Annapolis are Naval cadets. The distinction between Cadet midshipmen and Cadet engineers was abolished by Act of Congress in 1882.

CADETSHIP
Ca*det"ship, n.

Defn: The position, rank, or commission of a cadet; as, to get a cadetship.

CADEW; CADEWORM
Ca*dew", Cade"worm`, n.

Defn: A caddice. See Caddice.

CADGE
Cadge, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Cadged; p. pr. & vb. n. Cadging.]
Etym: [Cf. Scot. cache, caich, cadge, to toss, drive, OE. cachen to
drive, catch, caggen to bind, or perh. E. cage. Cf. Cadger.]

1. To carry, as a burden. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Halliwell.

2. To hawk or peddle, as fish, poultry, etc. [Prov.]

3. To intrude or live on another meanly; to beg. [Prov. or Slang, Eng.] Wright.

CADGE
Cadge, n. Etym: [Cf. 2d Cadger.] (Hawking)

Defn: A circular frame on which cadgers carry hawks for sale.

CADGER
Cadg"er, n. Etym: [From Cadge, v. t., cf. Codger.]

1. A packman or itinerant huckster.

2. One who gets his living by trickery or begging. [Prov. or Slang] "The gentleman cadger." Dickens.

CADGER
Cadg"er, n. Etym: [OF. cagier one who catches hawks. Cf. Cage.]
(Hawking)

Defn: One who carries hawks on a cadge.

CADGY
Cadg"y, a.

Defn: Cheerful or mirthful, as after good eating or drinking; also, wanton. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

CADI
Ca"di, n. Etym: [Turk. See Alcalde.]

Defn: An inferior magistrate or judge among the Mohammedans, usually the judge of a town or village.

CADIE; CADDIE
Cad"ie, Cad"die, n.

Defn: A Scotch errand boy, porter, or messenger. [Written also cady.]
Every Scotchman, from the peer to the cadie. Macaulay.

CADILESKER Ca`di*les"ker, n. Etym: [Ar. qa\'c8i judge + al'sker the army, Per. leshker.]

Defn: A chief judge in the Turkish empire, so named originally because his jurisdiction extended to the cases of soldiers, who are now tried only by their own officers.

CADILLAC
Ca*dil"lac, n. Etym: [Prob. from Cadillac, a French town.]

Defn: A large pear, shaped like a flattened top, used chiefly for cooking. Johnson.

CADIS
Cad"is, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A kind of coarse serge.

CADMEAN Cad*me"an, a. Etym: [L. Cadmeus, Gr. Cadmus), which name perhaps means lit. a man from the East; cf. Heb. qedem east.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Cadmus, a fabulous prince of Thebes, who was said to have introduced into Greece the sixteen simple letters of the alphabet — Cadmean letters. Cadmean victory, a victory that damages the victors as much as the vanquished; probably referring to the battle in which the soldiers who sprang from the dragon's teeth sown by Cadmus slew each other.

CADMIA
Cad"mi*a, n. Etym: [L. cadmia calamine, Gr. Calamine.] (Min.)

Defn: An oxide of zinc which collects on the sides of furnaces where zinc is sublimed. Formerly applied to the mineral calamine.

CADMIAN
Cad"mi*an, a. [R.]

Defn: See Cadmean.

CADMIC
Cad"mic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cadmium; as, cadmic sulphide.

CADMIUM
Cad"mi*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Cadmia.] (Chem.)

Defn: A comparatively rare element related to zinc, and occurring in some zinc ores. It is a white metal, both ductile and malleable. Symbol Cd. Atomic weight 111.8. It was discovered by Stromeyer in 1817, who named it from its association with zinc or zinc ore. Cadmium yellow, a compound of cadmium and sulphur, of an intense yellow color, used as a pigment.

CADRANS
Cad"rans, n. Etym: [Cf. F. cadran. Cf. Quadrant.]

Defn: An instrument with a graduated disk by means of which the angles of gems are measured in the process of cutting and polishing.

CADRE Ca"dre, n. Etym: [F. cadre, It. quadro square, from L. quadrum, fr. quatuor four.] (Mil.)

Defn: The framework or skeleton upon which a regiment is to be formed; the officers of a regiment forming the staff. [Written also cader.]

CADUCARY
Ca*du"ca*ry, a. Etym: [See Caducous.] (Law)

Defn: Relating to escheat, forfeiture, or confiscation.

CADUCEAN
Ca*du"ce*an, a.

Defn: Of or belonging to Mercury's caduceus, or wand.

CADUCEUS
Ca*du"ce*us, n. Etym: [L. caduceum, caduceus; akin to Gr. (Myth.)

Defn: The official staff or wand of Hermes or Mercury, the messenger of the gods. It was originally said to be a herald's staff of olive wood, but was afterwards fabled to have two serpents coiled about it, and two wings at the top.

CADUCIBRANCHIATE Ca*du`ci*bran"chi*ate, a. Etym: [L. caducus falling (fr. cadere to fall) + E. branchiate.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: With temporary gills: — applied to those Amphibia in which the gills do not remain in adult life.

CADUCITY
Ca*du"ci*ty, n. Etym: [LL. caducitas: cf. F. caducité. See Caducous.]

Defn: Tendency to fall; the feebleness of old age; senility. [R.]
[A] jumble of youth and caducity. Chesterfield.

CADUCOUS Ca*du"cous, Etym: [L. caducus falling, inclined to fall, fr. cadere to fall. See Cadence.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Dropping off or disappearing early, as the calyx of a poppy, or the gills of a tadpole.

CADUKE
Ca*duke", a. Etym: [Cf. F. caduc. See Caducous.]

Defn: Perishable; frail; transitory. [Obs.] Hickes.
The caduke pleasures of his world. Bp. Fisher.

CADY
Cad"y, n.

Defn: See Cadie.

CAECA
Cæ"ca, n. pl.

Defn: See Cæcum.

CAECAL
Cæ"cal, a. (Anat.)

1. Of or pertaining to the cæcum, or blind gut.

2. Having the form of a cæcum, or bag with one opening; baglike; as, the cæcal extremity of a duct.

CAECIAS
Cæ"ci*as, n. Etym: [L. caecias, Gr.

Defn: A wind from the northeast. Milton.

CAECILIAN Cæ*cil"i*an, n. Etym: [L. caecus blind. So named from the supposed blindness of the species, the eyes being very minute.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A limbless amphibian belonging to the order Cæciliæ or
Ophimorpha. See Ophiomorpha. [Written also coecilian.]

CAECUM Cæ"cum, n.; pl. Cæcums, L. Cæca. Etym: [L. caecus blind, invisible, concealed.] (Anat.) (a) A cavity open at one end, as the blind end of a canal or duct. (b) The blind part of the large intestine beyond the entrance of the small intestine; — called also the blind gut.

Note: The cæcum is comparatively small in man, and ends in a slender portion, the vermiform appendix; but in herbivorous mammals it is often as large as the rest of the large intestine. In fishes there are often numerous intestinal cæca.

CAELATURA
Cæ`la*tu"ra, n. [L., fr. caelare to engrave in relief.]

Defn: Art of producing metal decorative work other than statuary, as reliefs, intaglios, engraving, chasing, etc.

CAENOZOIC
Cæ`no*zo"ic, a. (Geol.)

Defn: See Cenozoic.

CAEN STONE
Ca"en stone",

Defn: A cream-colored limestone for building, found near Caen,
France.

CAESAR
Cæ"sar, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A Roman emperor, as being the successor of Augustus Cæsar.
Hence, a kaiser, or emperor of Germany, or any emperor or powerful
ruler. See Kaiser, Kesar.
Malborough anticipated the day when he would be servilely flattered
and courted by Cæsar on one side and by Louis the Great on the other.
Macaulay.

CAESAREAN; CAESARIAN
Cæ*sa"re*an, Cæ*sa"ri*an, a. Etym: [L. Caesareus, Caesarianus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Cæsar or the Cæsars; imperial. Cæsarean section (Surg.), the operation of taking a child from the womb by cutting through the walls of the abdomen and uterus; — so called because Julius Cæsar is reported to have been brought into the world by such an operation.

CAESARISM
Cæ"sar*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. Césarisme.]

Defn: A system of government in which unrestricted power is exercised by a single person, to whom, as Cæsar or emperor, it has been committed by the popular will; imperialism; also, advocacy or support of such a system of government.

Note: This word came into prominence in the time of Napoleon III., as an expression of the claims and political views of that emperor, and of the politicians of his court.

CAESIOUS
Cæ"si*ous, a. Etym: [L. caesius bluish gray.] (Nat. Hist.)

Defn: Of the color of lavender; pale blue with a slight mixture of gray. Lindley.

CAESIUM
Cæ"si*um, n. Etym: [NL., from L. caesius bluish gray.] (Chem.)

Defn: A rare alkaline metal found in mineral water; — so called from the two characteristic blue lines in its spectrum. It was the first element discovered by spectrum analysis, and is the most strongly basic and electro-positive substance known. Symbol Cs. Atomic weight 132.6.

CAESPITOSE
Cæs"pi*tose`, a.

Defn: Same as Cespitose.

CAESURA
Cæ*su"ra, n.; pl. E. Cæsuras (, L. Cæsuræ ( Etym: [L. caesura a
cutting off, a division, stop, fr. caedere, caesum, to cut off. See
Concise.]

Defn: A metrical break in a verse, occurring in the middle of a foot and commonly near the middle of the verse; a sense pause in the middle of a foot. Also, a long syllable on which the cæsural accent rests, or which is used as a foot.

Note: In the following line the cæsura is between study and of.
The prop | er stud | y || of | mankind | is man.

CAESURAL
Cæ*su"ral, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a cæsura. Cæsural pause, a pause made at a cæsura.

CAFE
Ca`fé", n. Etym: [F. See Coffee.]

Defn: A coffeehouse; a restaurant; also, a room in a hotel or restaurant where coffee and liquors are served.

CAFENET; CAFENEH
Caf"e*net, Caf"e*neh, n. Etym: [Turk. qahveh khaneh coffeehouse.]

Defn: A humble inn or house of rest for travelers, where coffee is sold. [Turkey]

CAFETERIA
Caf`e*te"ri*a, n. [Cf. F. cafetière.]

Defn: A restaurant or café at which the patrons serve themselves with food kept at a counter, taking the food to small tables to eat. [U. S.]

CAFFEIC
Caf*fe"ic, a. Etym: [See Coffee.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, coffee. Caffeic acid, an acid obtained from coffee tannin, as a yellow crystalline substance, C9H8O4.

CAFFEINE
Caf*fe"ine, n. Etym: [Cf. F. caféine. See Coffee.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white, bitter, crystallizable substance, obtained from coffee. It is identical with the alkaloid theine from tea leaves, and with guaranine from guarana.

CAFFETANNIC
Caf`fe*tan"nic, a. Etym: [Caffeic + tannic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, the tannin of coffee. Caffetannic acid, a variety of tannin obtained from coffee berries, regarded as a glucoside.

CAFFILA
Caf"fi*la, n. Etym: [Ar.]

Defn: See Cafila.

CAFFRE
Caf"fre, n.

Defn: See Kaffir.

CAFILA; CAFILEH
Ca"fi*la, Ca"fi*leh, n. Etym: [Ar.]

Defn: A caravan of travelers; a military supply train or government caravan; a string of pack horses.

CAFTAN
Caf"tan, n. Etym: [Turk. qaftan: cf. F. cafetan.]

Defn: A garment worn throughout the Levant, consisting of a long gown with sleeves reaching below the hands. It is generally fastened by a belt or sash.

CAFTAN
Caf"tan, v. t.

Defn: To clothe with a caftan. [R.]
The turbaned and caftaned damsel. Sir W. Scott.

CAG
Cag, n.

Defn: See Keg. [Obs.]

CAGE
Cage, n. Etym: [F. cage, fr. L. cavea cavity, cage, fr. cavus hollow.
Cf. Cave, n., Cajole, Gabion.]

1. A box or inclosure, wholly or partly of openwork, in wood or metal, used for confining birds or other animals. In his cage, like parrot fine and gay. Cowper.

2. A place of confinement for malefactors Shak. Stone walls do not a prison make, Nor iron bars a cage. Lovelace.

3. (Carp.)

Defn: An outer framework of timber, inclosing something within it; as the cage of a staircase. Gwilt.

4. (Mach.) (a) A skeleton frame to limit the motion of a loose piece, as a ball valve. (b) A wirework strainer, used in connection with pumps and pipes.

5. The box, bucket, or inclosed platform of a lift or elevator; a cagelike structure moving in a shaft.

6. (Mining)

Defn: The drum on which the rope is wound in a hoisting whim.

7. (Baseball)

Defn: The catcher's wire mask.

CAGE
Cage, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Caged; p. pr. & vb. n. Caging.]

Defn: To confine in, or as in, a cage; to shut up or confine. "Caged and starved to death." Cowper.

CAGED
Caged, a.

Defn: Confined in, or as in, a cage; like a cage or prison. "The caged cloister." Shak.

CAGELING
Cage"ling, n. Etym: [Cage + -ling]

Defn: A bird confined in a cage; esp. a young bird. [Poetic]
Tennyson.

CAGIT
Ca"git, n. (Zoöl)

Defn: A king of parrot, of a beautiful green color, found in the
Philippine Islands.

CAGMAG
Cag"mag, n.

Defn: A tough old goose; hence, coarse, bad food of any kind. [Prov.
Eng.] Halliwell.

CAGOT
Ca"got, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: One of a race inhabiting the valleys of the Pyrenees, who until 1793 were political and social outcasts (Christian Pariahs). They are supposed to be a remnant of the Visigoths.

CAHENSLYISM
Ca*hens"ly*ism, n. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A plan proposed to the Pope in 1891 by P. P. Cahensly, a member of the German parliament, to divide the foreign-born population of the United States, for ecclesiastical purposes, according to European nationalities, and to appoint bishops and priests of like race and speaking the same language as the majority of the members of a diocese or congregation. This plan was successfully opposed by the American party in the Church.

CAHIER Ca`hier", n. Etym: [F., fr. OF. cayer, fr. LL. quaternum. See Quire of paper. The sheets of manuscript were folded into parts.]

1. A namber of sheets of paper put loosely together; esp. one of the successive portions of a work printed in numbers.

2. A memorial of a body; a report of legislative proceedings, etc.

CAHINCA ROOT
Ca*hin"ca root`. [Written also cainca root.] [See Cahincic.] (Bot.)

Defn: The root of an American shrub (Chiococca racemosa), found as far north as Florida Keys, from which cahincic acid is obtained; also, the root of the South American Chiococca anguifuga, a celebrated antidote for snake poison.

CAHINCIC
Ca*hin"cic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, cahinca, the native name of a species of Brazilian Chiococca, perhaps C. recemosa; as, cahincic acid.

CAHOOT
Ca*hoot", n. Etym: [Perhaps fr. f. cohorte a a company or band.]

Defn: Partnership; as to go in cahoot with a person. [Slang, southwestern U. S.] Bartlett.

CAIMACAM
Cai`ma*cam", n. Etym: [Turk.]

Defn: The governor of a sanjak or district in Turkey.

CAIMAN
Cai"man, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Cayman.

CAINOZOIC
Cai`no*zo"ic, a.

Defn: (Geol.) See Cenozic.

CAIQUE
Ca*ïque", n. Etym: [F., fr. Turk. qa\'c6q boat.] (Naut..)

Defn: A light skiff or rowboat used on the Bosporus; also, a
Levantine vessel of larger size.

CA IRA Ça"i*ra". Etym: [F. ça ira, ça ira, les aristocrates à la lanterne, it shall go on, it shall go on, [hang]the arictocrats to the lantern (lamp-post).]

Defn: The refrain of a famous song of the French Revolution.

CAIRD
Caird, n. Etym: [Ir. ceard a tinker.]

Defn: A traveling tinker; also a tramp or sturdy beggar. [Prov. Eng.]

CAIRN
Cairn, n. Etym: [Gael. carn, gen. cairn, a heap: cf. Ir. & W. carn.]

1. A rounded or conical heap of stones erected by early inhabitants of the British Isles, apparently as a sepulchral monument. Now here let us place the gray stone of her cairn. Campbell.

2. A pile of stones heaped up as a landmark, or to arrest attention, as in surveying, or in leaving traces of an exploring party, etc. C. Kingsley. Kane.

CAIRNGORMSTONE
Cairn*gorm"stone`. Etym: [Gael. carn a cairn + gorm azure.] (Min.)

Defn: A yellow or smoky brown variety of rock crystal, or crystallized quartz, found esp, in the mountain of Cairngorm, in Scotland.

CAISSON
Cais"son, n. Etym: [F., fr. caisse, case, chest. See 1st Case.]

1. (Mil.) (a) A chest to hold ammunition. (b) A four-wheeled carriage for conveying ammunition, consisting of two parts, a body and a limber. In light field batteries there is one caisson to each piece, having two ammunition boxes on the body, and one on the limber. Farrow. (c) A chest filled with explosive materials, to be laid in the way of an enemy and exploded on his appoach.

2. (a) A water-tight box, of timber or iron within which work is carried on in building foundations or structures below the water level. (b) A hollow floating box, usually of iron, which serves to close the entrances of docks and basins. (c) A structure, usually with an air chamber, placed beneath a vessel to lift or float it.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: A sunk panel of ceilings or soffits. Pneumatic caisson (Engin.), a caisson, closed at the top but open at the bottom, and resting upon the ground under water. The pressure of air forced into the caisson keeps the water out. Men and materials are admitted to the interior through an air lock. See Lock.

CAISSON DISEASE
Cais"son dis*ease". (Med.)

Defn: A disease frequently induced by remaining for some time in an atmosphere of high pressure, as in caissons, diving bells, etc. It is characterized by neuralgic pains and paralytic symptoms. It is variously explained, most probably as due to congestion of internal organs with subsequent stasis of the blood.

CAITIFF Cai"tiff, a. Etym: [OE. caitif, cheitif, captive, miserable, OF. caitif, chaitif, captive, mean, wretched, F. chétif, fr. L. captivus captive, fr. capere to take, akin to E. heave. See Heave, and cf. Captive.]

1. Captive; wretched; unfortunate. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Base; wicked and mean; cowardly; despicable. Arnold had sped his caitiff flight. W. Irving.

CAITIFF
Cai"tiff, n.

Defn: A captive; a prisoner. [Obs.]
Avarice doth tyrannize over her caitiff and slave. Holland.

2. A wretched or unfortunate man. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. A mean, despicable person; one whose character meanness and wickedness meet.

Note: The deep-felt conviction of men that slavery breaks down the moral character . . . speaks out with . . . distinctness in the change of meaning which caitiff has undergone signifying as it now does, one of a base, abject disposition, while there was a time when it had nothing of this in it. Trench.

CAJEPUT
Caj"e*put, n.

Defn: See Cajuput.

CAJOLE Ca*jole", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cajoled; p. pr. & vb. n. Cajoling.] Etym: [F. cajoler, orig., to chatter like a bird in a cage, to sing; hence, to amuse with idle talk, to flatter, from the source of OF. goale, jaiole, F. geôle, dim. of cage a cage. See Cage, Jail.]

Defn: To deceive with flattery or fair words; to wheedle.
I am not about to cajole or flatter you into a reception of my views.
F. W. Robertson.

Syn.
— To flatter; wheedle; delude; coax; entrap.

CAJOLEMENT
Ca*jole"ment, n.

Defn: The act of cajoling; the state of being cajoled; cajolery.
Coleridge.

CAJOLER
Ca*jol"er, n.

Defn: A flatterer; a wheedler.

CAJOLERY
Ca*jol"er*y, n.; pl. Cajoleries (.

Defn: A wheedling to delude; words used in cajoling; flattery.
"Infamous cajoleries." Evelyn.

CAJUN
Ca"jun, n. [A corruption of Acadian.] (Ethnol.)

Defn: In Louisiana, a person reputed to be Acadian French descent.

CAJUPUT
Caj"u*put, n. Etym: [Of Malayan origin; kayu tree + putih white.]
(Med.)

Defn: A highly stimulating volatile infammable oil, distilled from the leaves of an East Indian tree (Melaleuca cajuputi, etc.) It is greenish in color and has a camphoraceous odor and pungent taste.

CAJUPUTENE
Caj"u*put*ene`, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorlees or greenish oil extracted from cajuput.

CAKE
Cake, n. Etym: [OE. cake, kaak; akin to Dan. kage, Sw. & Icel. kaka,
D. koek, G.kuchem, OHG. chuocho.]

1. A small mass of dough baked; especially, a thin loaf from unleavened dough; as, an oatmeal cake; johnnycake.

2. A sweetened composition of flour and other ingredients, leavened or unleavened, baked in a loaf or mass of any size or shape.

3. A thin wafer-shaped mass of fried batter; a griddlecake or pancake; as buckwheat cakes.

4. A mass of matter concreted, congealed, or molded into a solid mass of any form, esp. into a form rather flat than high; as, a cake of soap; an ague cake. Cakes of rusting ice come rolling down the flood. Dryden. Cake urchin (Zoöl), any species of flat sea urchins belonging to the Clypeastroidea. — Oil cake the refuse of flax seed, cotton seed, or other vegetable substance from which oil has been expressed, compacted into a solid mass, and used as food for cattle, for manure, or for other purposes. — To have one's cake dough, to fail or be disappointed in what one has undertaken or expected. Shak.

CAKE
Cake, v. i.

Defn: To form into a cake, or mass.

CAKE
Cake, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Caked; p. pr. & vb. n. Caking.]

Defn: To concrete or consolidate into a hard mass, as dough in an
oven; to coagulate.
Clotted blood that caked within. Addison.

CAKE
Cake, v. i.

Defn: To cackle as a goose. [Prov. Eng.]

CAKING COAL
Cak"ing coal`.

Defn: See Coal.

CAL
Cal, n. (Cornish Mines)

Defn: Wolfram, an ore of tungsten. Simmonds.

CALABAR
Cal"a*bar, n.

Defn: A district on the west coast of Africa. Calabar bean, The of a climbing legumious plant (Physostigma venenosum), a native of tropical Africa. It is highly poisonous. It is used to produce contraction of the pupil of the eye; also in tetanus, neuralgia, and rheumatic diseases; — called also ordeal bean, being used by the negroes in trials for witchcraft.

CALABARINE
Cal"a*bar*ine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid resembing physostigmine and occurring with it in the calabar bean.

CALABASH
Cal"a*bash, n. Etym: [Sp. calabaza, or Pg. calaba, caba (cf. F.
Calebasse), lit., a dry gourd, fr. Ar. qar', fem., a kind of gourd +
aibas dry.]

1. The common gourd (plant or fruit).

2. The fruit of the calabash tree.

3. A water dipper, bottle, backet, or other utensil, made from the dry shell of a calabash or gourd. Calabash tree. (Bot.), a tree of tropical America (Crescentia cujete), producing a large gourdike fruit, containing a purgative pulp. Its hard shell, after the removal of the pulp, is used for cups, bottles, etc. The African calabash tree is the baobab.

CALABOOSE
Cal`a*boose", n. Etym: [A corruption of Sp. calabozo dungeon.]

Defn: A prison; a jail. [Local, U. S.]

CALABOZO
Ca`la*bo"zo, n. [Sp.]

Defn: A jail. See Calaboose.

CALADE
Ca*lade", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A slope or declivity in a manege ground down which a horse is made to gallop, to give suppleness to his haunches.

CALADIUM
Ca*la"di*um, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: A genus of aroideous plants, of which some species are cultivated for their immense leaves (which are often curiously blotched with white and red), and others (in Polynesia) for food.

CALAITE
Cal"a*ite, n. Etym: [L. calaïs, Gr. calaïte.]

Defn: A mineral. See Turquoise.

CALAMANCO Cal`a*man"co, n. Etym: [LL. calamancus, calamacus; cf. camelaucum; a head covering made of camel's hair, NGr. calmande a woolen stuff.]

Defn: A glossy woolen stuff, plain, striped, or checked. "a gay calamanco waistcoat." Tatler.

CALAMANDER WOOD
Cal"a*man`der wood.

Defn: A valuable furniture wood from India and Ceylon, of a hazel- brown color, with black stripes, very hard in texture. It is a species of ebony, and is obtained from the Diospyros qusesita. Called also Coromandel wood.

CALAMAR; CALAMARY
Cal"a*mar, Cal"a*ma*ry, n. Etym: [LL. calamarium inkstand, fr. L.
calamus a reed pen: cf. F. calmar, calemar, pen case, calamar.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A cephalopod, belonging to the genus Loligo and related genera. There are many species. They have a sack of inklike fluid which they discharge from the siphon tube, when pursued or alarmed, in order to confuse their enemies. Their shell is a thin horny plate, within the flesh of back, shaped very much like a quill pen. In America they are called squids. See Squid.

CALAMBAC Cal"am*bac, n. Etym: [F. calambac, calambour, from Malay Kalambaq a king of fragrant wood.] (Bot.)

Defn: A fragrant wood; agalloch.

CALAMBOUR
Cal"am*bour, n. Etym: [See Calambac.]

Defn: A species of agalloch, or aloes wood, of a dusky or mottled color, of a light, friable texture, and less fragrant than calambac; — used by cabinetmakers.

CALAMIFEROUS
Cal`a*mif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. calamus reed + ferous.]

Defn: Producing reeds; reedy.

CALAMINE
Cal"a*mine, n. Etym: [F. calamine, LL. calamina, fr. L. Cabmia. See
Cadmia.] (min.)

Defn: A mineral, the hydrous silicate of zinc.

Note: The name was formerly applied to both the carbonate and silicate of zinc each of which is valuabic as an ore; but it is now usually restricted to the latter, the former being called smithsonite.

CALAMINT
Cal"a*mint, n. Etym: [OE. calamint, calemente (cf. F. calament) fr.
L. calamintha, Gr. Mint.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of perennial plants (Calamintha) of the Mint family, esp. the C. Nepela and C. Acinos, which are called also basil thyme.

CALAMIST
Cal"a*mist, n. Etym: [L. calamus a reed.]

Defn: One who plays upon a reed or pipe. [Obs.] Blount.

CALAMISTRATE Cal`a*mis"trate, v. i. Etym: [L. calamistratus, curied with the curling iron, fr. calamistrum curling iron, fr. calamus a reed.]

Defn: To curl or friz, as the hair. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

CALAMISTRATION
Cal`amis*tra"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of curling the hair. [Obs.] burton.

CALAMISTRUM
Cal`a*mis"trum, n. Etym: [L., a curling iron.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A comblike structure on the metatarsus of the hind legs of certain spiders (Ciniflonidæ), used to curl certain fibers in the construction of their webs.

CALAMITE
Cal"a*mite, n. Etym: [L. calamus a reed: cf. F. calamite.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil plant of the coal formation, having the general form of plants of the modern Equiseta (the Horsetail or Scouring Rush family) but sometimes attaining the height of trees, and having the stem more or less woody within. See Acrogen, and Asterophyllite.

CALAMITOUS
Ca*lam"i*tous, a. Etym: [L. Calamitosus; cf. F. calamiteux.]

1. Suffering calamity; wretched; miserable. [Obs.] Ten thousands of calamitous persons. South.

2. Producing, or attended with distress and misery; making wretched; wretched; unhappy. "This sad and calamitous condition." South. "A calamitous prison" Milton.

Syn.
— Miserable; deplorable; distressful; afflictive; grievous;
baleful; disastrous; adverse; unhappy; severe; sad; unfortunate.
— Ca*lam"i*tous*ly, adv.
— Ca*lam"i*tous*ness, n.

CALAMITY Ca*lam"i*ty n.; pl. Calamities. Etym: [L. calamitas, akin to in- columis unharmed: cf. F. calamité]

1. Any great misfortune or cause of misery; — generally applied to events or disasters which produce extensive evil, either to communities or individuals.

Note: The word calamity was first derived from calamus when the corn could not get out of the stalk. Bacon. Strokes of calamity that scathe and scorch the soul. W. Irving.

2. A state or time of distress or misfortune; misery. The deliberations of calamity are rarely wise. Burke. Where'er I came I brought calamity. Tennyson.

Syn. — Disaster; distress; afflicition; adversity; misfortune; unhappiness; infelicity; mishap; mischance; misery; evil; extremity; exigency; downfall. — Calamity, Disaster, Misfortune, Mishap, Mischance. Of these words, calamity is the strongest. It supposes a somewhat continuous state, produced not usually by the direct agency of man, but by natural causes, such as fire, flood, tempest, disease, etc, Disaster denotes literally ill-starred, and is some unforeseen and distressing event which comes suddenly upon us, as if from hostile planet. Misfortune is often due to no specific cause; it is simply the bad fortune of an individual; a link in the chain of events; an evil independent of his own conduct, and not to be charged as a fault. Mischance and mishap are misfortunes of a trivial nature, occurring usually to individuals. "A calamity is either public or private, but more frequently the former; a disaster is rather particular than private; it affects things rather than persons; journey, expedition, and military movements are often attended with disasters; misfortunes are usually personal; they immediately affect the interests of the individual." Crabb.

CALAMUS
Cal"a*mus, n.; pl. Calami. Etym: [L., a reed. See Halm.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The indian cane, a plant of the Palm family. It furnishes the common rattan. See Rattan, and Dragon's blood.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A species of Acorus (A. calamus), commonly called calamus, or sweet flag. The root has a pungent, aromatic taste, and is used in medicine as a stomachic; the leaves have an aromatic odor, and were formerly used instead of rushes to strew on floors.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The horny basal portion of a feather; the barrel or quill.

CALANDO
Ca*lan"do, a. Etym: [It.]

Defn: (Mus.) Gradually diminishing in rapidity and loudness.

CALASH Ca*lash", n. Etym: [F. calèche; of Slavonic origin; cf. Bohem. kolesa, Russ. koliaska calash, koleso, kolo, wheel.]

1. A light carriage with low wheels, having a top or hood that can be raised or lowered, seats for inside, a separate seat for the driver, and often a movable front, so that it can be used as either an open or a close carriage. The baroness in a calash capable of holding herself, her two children, and her servants. W. Irving.

2. In Canada, a two-wheeled, one-seated vehicle, with a calash top, and the driver's seat elevated in front.

3. A hood or top of a carriage which can be thrown back at pleasure.

4. A hood, formerly worn by ladies, which could be drawn forward or thrown back like the top of a carriage.

CALAVERAS SKULL
Ca`la*ve"ras skull.

Defn: A human skull reported, by Prof. J. D. Whitney, as found in 1886 in a Tertiary auriferous gravel deposit, lying below a bed of black lava, in Calaveras County, California. It is regarded as very doubtful whether the skull really belonged to the deposit in which it was found. If it did, it indicates an unprecedented antiquity for human beings of an advanced type.

CALAVERITE
Ca`la*ve"rite (, n. (Min.)

Defn: A bronze-yellow massive mineral with metallic luster; a telluride of gold; — first found in Calaveras County California.

CALCANEAL
Cal*ca"ne*al, a. (Anal.)

Defn: Pertaining to the calcaneum; as, calcaneal arteries.

CALCANEUM Cal*ca"ne*um n.; pl. E. -neums, L. -nea. Etym: [L. the heel, fr. calx, calcis, the heel.] (Anal.)

Defn: One of the bones of the tarsus which in man, forms the great bone of the heel; — called also fibulare.

CALCAR
Cal"car, n. Etym: [L. calcaria lime kiln, fr. calx, calcis, lime. See
Calx.] (Glass manuf.)

Defn: A kind of oven, or reverberatory furnace, used for the calcination of sand and potash, and converting them into frit. Ure.

CALCAR Cal"car, n.; L. pl. Calcaria. Etym: [L., a pur, as worn on the heel, also the spur of a cock, fr. calx, calcis, the heel.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A hollow tube or spur at the base of a petal or corolla.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A slender bony process from the ankle joint of bats, which helps to support the posterior part of the web, in flight.

3. (Anat.) (a) A spur, or spurlike prominence. (b) A curved ridge in the floor of the leteral ventricle of the brain; the calcar avis, hippocampus minor, or ergot.

CALCARATE; CALCARATED
Cal"ca*rate, Cal"ca*ra`ted, a. Etym: [LL. calcaratus, fr. L. calcar.
See 2d Calcar.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Having a spur, as the flower of the toadflax and larkspur; spurred. Gray.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Armed with a spur.

CALCAREO-ARGILLACEOUS
Cal*ca"re*o-ar`gil*la"ceous, a.

Defn: consisting of, or containing, calcareous and argillaceous earths.

CALCAREO-BITUMINOUS
Cal*ca"re*o-bi*tu"mi*nous, a.

Defn: Consisting of, or containing, lime and bitumen. Lyell.

CALCAREO-SILICEOUS
Cal*ca"re*o-si*li"ceous, a.

Defn: Consisting of, or containing calcareous and siliceous earths.

CALCAREOUS
Cal*ca"re*ous, a. Etym: [L. calcarius pertaining to lime. See Calx.]

Defn: Partaking of the nature ofcalcite or calcium carbonate; consisting of, or containg, calcium carbonate or carbonate of lime. Clcareous spar. See as Calcite.

CALCAREOUSNESS
Cal*ca"re*ous*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being calcareous.

CALCARIFEROUS
Cal`ca*rif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. calcarius of lime + ferous.]

Defn: Lime-yielding; calciferous

CALCARINE
Cal"ca*rine, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or situated near, the calcar of the brain.

CALCAVELLA
Cal`ca*vel"la, n.

Defn: A sweet wine from Portugal; — so called from the district of
Carcavelhos. [Written also Calcavellos or Carcavelhos.]

CALCEATED Cal"ce*a"ted, a. Etym: [L. calceatus, p. p. of pelceare to ahoe, fr. catceus shoe, fr. calx, calcic, heel.]

Defn: Fitted with, or wearing, shoes. Johnson.

CALCED
Calced, a. Etym: [See Calceated.]

Defn: Wearing shoes; calceated; — in distintion from discalced or barefooted; as the calced Carmelites.

CALCEDON
Cal"ce*don, n. Etym: [See Chalcedony.]

Defn: A foul vein, like chalcedony, in some precious stones.

CALCEDONIC; CALCEDONIAN
Cal`ce*don"ic, Cal`ce*do"ni*an, a.

Defn: See Chalcedonic.

CALCEIFORM
Cal"ce*i*form`, a. Etym: [L. calceus shoe + -form.] (Bot.)

Defn: Shaped like a plipper, as one petal of the lady's-slipper; calceolate.

CALCEOLARIA cal`ce*o*la"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. calceolarius shoemaker, fr. calceolus, a dim. of calceus shoe.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of showy herbaceous or shrubby plant, biought from South America; slipperwort. It has a yellow or purple flower, often spotted or striped, the shape of which suggests its name.

CALCEOLATE
Cal"ce*o*late, a. Etym: [See Calceolaria.]

Defn: Slipper-ahaped. See Calceiform.

CALCES
Cal"ces, n. pl.

Defn: See Calx.

CALCIC
Cal"cic, a. Etym: [L. calx, calcis, lime: cf. F. calcique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, calcium or lime.

CALCIFEROUS Cal*cif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. calx, calcis, lime + - ferous.]

Defn: Bearing producing, or containing calcite, or carbonate of lime. Calciferouse epoch (Geol.), and epoch in the American lower Silurian system, immediately succeeding the Cambrian period. The name alludes to the peculiar mixture of calcareous and siliceous characteristics in many of the beds. See the Diagram under Grology.

CALCIFIC
Cal*cif"ic, a.

Defn: Calciferous. Specifically: (Zoöl.) of or pertaining to hte portion of the which forms the eggshell in birds and reptiles. Huxley.

CALCIFICATION
Cal`ci*fi*ca"tion, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The process of chenge into a stony or calcareous substance by the deposition of lime salt; — normally, as in the formation of bone and teeth; abnormally, as in calcareous degeneration of tissue.

CALCIFIED
Cal"ci*fied, a.

Defn: Consisting of, or containing, calcareous matter or lime salts; calcareous.

CALCIFORM
Cal"ci*form, a. Etym: [L. calx, calcis, lime + -form.]

Defn: In the form of chalk or lime.

CALCIFY
Cal"ci*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Calcified; p. pr. & vb. n.
Calcifying.] Etym: [L. calx, calcis, lime + -fy.]

Defn: To make stony or calcareous by the deposit or secretion of salts of lime.

CALCIFY
Cal"ci*fy, v. i.

Defn: To become changed into a stony or calcareous condition, in lime is a principal ingredient, as in the formation of teeth.

CALCIGENOUS
Cal*cig"e*nous, a. Etym: [L. calx, calcis, lime + -genouse.] (Chem.)

Defn: Tending to form, or to become, a calx or earthlike substance on being oxidized or burnt; as magnesium, calcium. etc.

CALCIGEROUS
Cal*cig"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. calx, calcis, lime + -gerouse.]

Defn: Holding lime or other earthy salts; as, the calcigerous cells of the teeth.

CALCIMINE
Cal"ci*mine, n. Etym: [L. calx, calcis, lime.]

Defn: A white or colored wash for the ceiling or other plastering of a room, consisting of a mixture of clear glue, Paris white or zinc white, and water. [Also spelt kalsomine.]

CALCIMINE
Cal"ci*mine, v. t. [imp. &p. p. Calcimined; p. pr. & vb. n.
Calcimining.]

Defn: To wash or cover with calcimine; as, to calcimine walls.

CALCIMINER
Cal"ci*mi`ner, n.

Defn: One who calcimines.

CALCINABLE
Cal*cin"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be calcined; as, a calcinable fossil.

CALCINATE
Cal"ci*nate, v. i.

Defn: To calcine. [R.]

CALCINATION
Cal`ci*na"tion, n. Etym: [F. calcination.]

1. (Chem.)

Defn: The act or process of disintegrating a substance, or rendering it friable by the action of heat, esp. by the expulsion of some volatile matter, as when carbonic and acid is expelled from carbonate of calcium in the burning of limestone in order to make lime.

2. The act or process of reducing a metal to an oxide or metallic calx; oxidation.

CALCINATORY
Cal*cin"a*to*ry, n.

Defn: A vessel used in calcination.

CALCINE
Cal*cine", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Calciden; p. pr. & vb. n. Calcining.]
Etym: [F. calciner, fr. L. calx, calcis, lime. See Calx.]

1. To reduce to a powder, or to a friable state, by the action of heat; to expel volatile matter from by means of heat, as carbonic acid from limestone, and thus (usually) to produce disintegration; as to, calcine bones.

2. To oxidize, as a metal by the action of heat; to reduce to a metallic calx.

CALCINE
Cal*cine", v. i.

Defn: To be convereted into a powder or friable substance, or into a calx, by the action of heat. "Calcining without fusion" Newton.

CALCINER
Cal*cin"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, calcines.

CALCISPONGIAE Cal`ci*spon"gi*æ, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. calx, calcis, lime + spongia a sponge.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of marine sponges, containing calcareous spicules. See
Porifera.

CALCITE
Cal"cite, n. Etym: [L. calx, calcis, lime.] (Min.)

Defn: Calcium carbonate, or carbonate of lime. It is rhombohedral in its crystallization, and thus distinguished from aragonite. It includes common limestone, chalk, and marble. Called also calc-spar and calcareous spar.

Note: Argentine is a pearly lamellar variety; aphrite is foliated or chalklike; dogtooth spar, a form in acute rhombohedral or scalenohedral crystals; calc-sinter and calc-tufa are lose or porous varieties formed in caverns or wet grounds from calcareous deposits; agaric mineral is a soft, white friable variety of similar origin; stalaclite and stalagmite are varieties formed from the drillings in caverns. Iceland spar is a transparent variety, exhibiting the strong double refraction of the species, and hence is called doubly refracting spar.

CALCITRANT Cal"ci*trant, a. Etym: [L. calcitrans, p. pr. of calcitrare to kick, fr. calx, calcis , heel.]

Defn: Kicking. Hence: Stubborn; refractory.

CALCITRATE
Cal"ci*trate, v. i. & i. Etym: [L. calcitratus, p. p. of calcitrare.
See Calcitrant.]

Defn: To kick.

CALCITRATION
Cal`ci*tra"tion, n.

Defn: Act of kicking.

CALCIUM
Cal"ci*um, n. Etym: [NL., from L. calx, calcis, lime; cf F. calcium.
See Calx.] (Chem.)

Defn: An elementary substance; a metal which combined with oxygen forms lime. It is of a pale yellow color, tenacious, and malleable. It is a member of the alkaline earth group of elements. Atomic weight 40. Symbol Ca.

Note: Calcium is widely and abundantly disseminated, as in its compounds calcium carbonate or limestone, calcium sulphate or gypsum, calcium fluoride or fluor spar, calcium phosphate or apatite. Calcium light, an intense light produced by the incandescence of a stick or ball of lime in the flame of a combination of oxygen and hydrogen gases, or of oxygen and coal gas; — called also Drummond light.

CALCIVOROUS
Cal*civ"o*rous, a. Etym: [L. calx lime + vorare to devour.]

Defn: Eroding, or eating into, limestone.

CALCOGRAPHER
Cal*cog"ra*pher, n.

Defn: One who practices calcography.

CALCOGRAPHIC; CALCOGRAPHICAL
Cal`co*graph"ic, Cal`co*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Relating to, or in the style of, calcography.

CALCOGRAPHY
Cal*cog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [L. calx, calcis, lime, chalk + -graphy.]

Defn: The art of drawing with chalk.

CALC-SINTER
Calc"-sin`ter, n. Etym: [G. kalk (L. calx, calcis) lime + E. sinter.]

Defn: See under Calcite.

CALC-SPAR
Calc"-spar`, n. Etym: [G. kalk (L. calx) lime E. spar.]

Defn: Same as Calcite.

CALC-TUFA
Calc"-tu`fa, n. Etym: [G. kalk (l. calx) lime + E. tufa.]

Defn: See under Calcite.

CALCULABLE
Cal"cu*la*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. calculable.]

Defn: That may be calculated or ascertained by calculation.

CALCULARY Cal"cu*la*ry, a. Etym: [L. calculus a pebble, a calculus; cf calcularius pertaining to calculation.] (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to calculi.

CALCULARY
Cal"cu*la*ry, n.

Defn: A congeries of little stony knots found in the pulp of the pear and other fruits.

CALCULATE Cal"cu*late, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Calculater; p. pr. & vb. n. Calculating.] Etym: [L, calculatus, p. p. of calculate, fr. calculus a pebble, a stone used in reckoning; hence, a reckoning, fr. calx, calcis, a stone used in gaming, limestone. See Calx.]

1. To ascertain or determine by mathematical processes, usually by the ordinary rules of arithmetic; to reckon up; to estimate; to compute. A calencar exacity calculated than any othe. North.

2. To ascertain or predict by mathematical or astrological computations the time, circumstances, or other conditions of; to forecast or compute the character or consequences of; as, to calculate or cast one's nativity. A cunning man did calculate my birth. Shak.

3. To adjust for purpose; to adapt by forethought or calculation; to fit or prepare by the adaptation of means to an end; as, to calculate a system of laws for the government and protection of a free people. [Religion] is . . . calculated for our benefit. Abp. Tillotson.

4. To plan; to expect; to think. [Local, U. S.]

Syn. — To compute; reckon; count; estimate; rate. — To Calculate, Compute. Reckon, Count. These words indicate the means by which we arrive at a given result in regard to quantity. We calculate with a view to obtain a certain point of knowledge; as, to calculate an eclipse. We compute by combining given numbers, in order to learn the grand result. We reckon and count in carrying out the details of a computation. These words are also used in a secondary and figurative sense. "Calculate is rather a conjection from what is, as to what may be; computation is a rational estimate of what has been, from what is; reckoning is a conclusive conviction, a pleasing assurance that a thing will happen; counting indicates an expectation. We calculate on a gain; we compute any loss sustained, or the amount of any mischief done; we reckon on a promised pleasure; we count the hours and minutes until the time of enjoyment arrives" Crabb.

CALCULATE
Cal"cu*late, v. i.

Defn: To make a calculation; to forecast caonsequences; to estimate;
to compute.
The strong passions, whether good or bad, never calculate. F. W.
Robertson.

CALCULATED
Cal"cu*la`ted, p. p. & a.

1. Worked out by calculation; as calculated tables for computing interest; ascertained or conjectured as a result of calculation; as, the calculated place of a planet; the calculated velocity of a cannon ball.

2. Adapted by calculation, contrivance. or forethought to accomplish a purpose; as, to use arts calculated to deceive the people.

3. Likely to produce a certain effect, whether intended or not; fitted; adapted; suited. The only danger that attends multiplicity of publication is, that some of them may be calculated to injure rather than benefit society. Goldsmith. The minister, on the other hand, had never gone through an experience calculated to lead him beyond the scope of generally received laws. Hawthorne.

CALCULATING
Cal"cu*la`ting, a.

1. Of or pertaining to mathematical calculations; performing or able to perform mathematical calculations.

2. Given to contrivance or forethought; forecasting; scheming; as, a cool calculating disposition. Calculating machine, a machine for the mechanical performance of mathematical operations, for the most part invented by Charles Babbage and G. and E. Scheutz. It computes logarithmic and other mathematical tables of a high degree of intricacy, imprinting the results on a leaden plate, from which a stereotype plate is then directly made.

CALCULATING
Cal"cu*la`ting, n.

Defn: The act or process of making mathematical computations or of estimating results.

CALCULATION Cal`cu*la"tion, n. Etym: [OE. calculation, fr. L. calculatio; cf. OF. calcucation.]

1. The act or process, or the result, of calculating; computation; reckoning, estimate. "The calculation of eclipses." Nichol. The mountain is not so his calculation makes it. Boyle.

2. An expectation based on cirumstances. The lazy gossips of the port, Abborrent of a calculation crost, Began to chafe as at a personal wrong. Tennyson.

CALCULATIVE
Cal"cu*la*tive, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to calculation; involving calculation.
Long habits of calculative dealings. Burke.

CALCULATOR
Cal"cu*la*tor, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. calculateur.]

Defn: One who computes or reckons: one who estimates or considers the
force and effect of causes, with a view to form a correct estimate of
the effects.
Ambition is no exact calculator. Burke.

CALCULATORY
Cal"cu*la*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. calculatorius.]

Defn: Belonging to calculation. Sherwood.

CALCULE
Cal"cule, n. Etym: [F. calcul, fr. L. calculus. See Calculus.]

Defn: Reckoning; computation. [Obs.] Howell.

CALCULE
Cal"cule, v. i.

Defn: To calculate [Obs.] Chaucer.

CALCULI
Cal"cu*li, n. pl.

Defn: See Calculus.

CALCULOUS
Cal"cu*lous, a. Etym: [L. calculosus.]

1. Of the nature of a calculus; like stone; gritty; as, a calculous concretion. Sir T. Browne.

2. Caused, or characterized, by the presence of a calculus or calculi; a, a calculous disorder; affected with gravel or stone; as, a calculous person.

CALCULUS
Cal"cu*lus, n.; pl. Calculi Etym: [L, calculus. See Calculate, and
Calcule.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: Any solid concretion, formed in any part of the body, but most frequent in the organs that act as reservoirs, and in the passages connected with them; as, biliary calculi; urinary calculi, etc.

2. (Math.)

Defn: A method of computation; any process of reasoning by the use of symbols; any branch of mathematics that may involve calculation. Barycentric calculus, a method of treating geometry by defining a point as the center of gravity of certain other points to which coëfficients or weights are ascribed. — Calculus of functions, that branch of mathematics which treats of the forms of functions that shall satisfy given conditions. — Calculus of operations, that branch of mathematical logic that treats of all operations that satisfy given conditions. — Calculus of probabilities, the science that treats of the computation of the probabilities of events, or the application of numbers to chance. — Calculus of variations, a branch of mathematics in which the laws of dependence which bind the variable quantities together are themselves subject to change. — Differential calculus, a method of investigating mathematical questions by using the ratio of certain indefinitely small quantities called differentials. The problems are primarily of this form: to find how the change in some variable quantity alters at each instant the value of a quantity dependent upon it. — Exponential calculus, that part of algebra which treats of exponents. — Imaginary calculus, a method of investigating the relations of real or imaginary quantities by the use of the imaginary symbols and quantities of algebra. — Integral calculus, a method which in the reverse of the differential, the primary object of which is to learn from the known ratio of the indefinitely small changes of two or more magnitudes, the relation of the magnitudes themselves, or, in other words, from having the differential of an algebraic expression to find the expression itself.

CALDRON Cal"dron, n. Etym: [OE. caldron, caudron, caudroun, OF. caudron, chauderon, F. chaudron, an aug. of F. chaudière, LL. caldaria, fr. L. caldarius suitable for warming, fr. caldus, calidus, warm, fr. calere to be warm; cf. Skr. çra to boil. Cf. Chaldron, Calaric, Caudle.]

Defn: A large kettle or boiler of copper, brass, or iron. [Written also cauldron.] "Caldrons of boiling oil." Prescott.

CALECHE
Ca*lèche", n. Etym: [F. calèche.]

Defn: See Calash.

CALEDONIA
Cal`e*do"ni*a, n.

Defn: The ancient Latin name of Scotland; — still used in poetry.

CALEDONIAN
Cal`e*do"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Caledonia or Scotland; Scottish; Scotch.
— n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Caledonia or Scotland.

CALEDONITE
Ca*led"o*nite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous sulphate of copper and lead, found in some parts of
Caledonia or Scotland.

CALEFACIENT Cal`e*fa"cient, a. Etym: [L. calefaciens p. pr. of calefacere to make warm; calere to be warm + facere to make.]

Defn: Making warm; heating. [R.]

CALEFACIENT
Cal`e*fa"cient, n.

Defn: A substance that excites warmth in the parts to which it is applied, as mustard.

CALEFACTION
Cal`e*fac"tion, n. Etym: [L. calefactio: cf. F. caléfaction.]

1. The act of warming or heating; the production of heat in a body by the action of fire, or by communication of heat from other bodies.

2. The state of being heated.

CALEFACTIVE
Cal`e*fac"tive, a.

Defn: See Calefactory. [R.]

CALEFACTOR
Cal`e*fac"tor, n.

Defn: A heater; one who, or that which, makes hot, as a stove, etc.

CALEFACTORY
Cal`e*fac"to*ry, a. Etym: [L. calefactorius.]

Defn: Making hot; producing or communicating heat.

CALEFACTORY
Cal`e*fac"to*ry, n.

1. (Eccl.)

Defn: An apartment in a monastery, warmed and used as a sitting room.

2. A hollow sphere of metal, filled with hot water, or a chafing dish, placed on the altar in cold weather for the priest to warm his hands with.

CALEFY
Cal"e*fy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Calefied; p. pr. & vb. n. Calefying.]
Etym: [L. calere to be warm + -fy]

Defn: To make warm or hot.

CALEFY
Cal"e*fy, v. i.

Defn: To grow hot or warm. Sir T. Browne.

CALEMBOUR
Cal"em*bour`, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A pun.

CALENDAR Cal"en*dar, n. Etym: [OE. kalender, calender, fr. L. kalendarium an interest or account book (cf. F. calendrier, OF. calendier) fr. L. calendue, kalendae, calends. See Calends.]

1. An orderly arrangement of the division of time, adapted to the purposes of civil life, as years, months, weeks, and days; also, a register of the year with its divisions; an almanac.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: A tabular statement of the dates of feasts, offices, saints' days, etc., esp. of those which are liable to change yearly according to the varying date of Easter.

3. An orderly list or enumeration of persons, things, or events; a schedule; as, a calendar of state papers; a calendar of bills presented in a legislative assemblly; a calendar of causes arranged for trial in court; a calendar of a college or an academy.

Note: Shepherds of people had need know the calendars of tempests of state. Bacon. Calendar clock, one that shows the days of the week and month. — Calendar month. See under Month. — French Republican calendar. See under Vendémiaire. — Gregorian calendar, Julian calendar, Perpetual calendar. See under Gregorian, Julian, and Perpetual.

CALENDAR
Cal"en*dar, v. t. [Imp. & p. p. Calendared; p. pr. & vb. n.
Calendaring.]

Defn: To enter or write in a calendar; to register. Waterhouse.

CALENDARIAL
Cal`en*da"ri*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the calendar or a calendar.

CALENDARY
Cal"en*da*ry, a.

Defn: Calendarial. [Obs.]

CALENDER Cal"en*der, n. Etym: [F. calandre, LL. calendra, corrupted fr. L. cylindrus a cylinder, Gr. Cylinider.]

1. A machine, used for the purpose of giving cloth, paper, etc., a smooth, even, and glossy or glazed surface, by cold or hot pressure, or for watering them and giving them a wavy appearance. It consists of two or more cylinders revolving nearly in contact, with the necessary apparatus for moving and regulating.

2. One who pursues the business of calendering. My good friend the calender. Cawper.

CALENDER
Cal"en*der, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Calendered; p. pr. & vb. n.
Calendering.] Etym: [Cf. F. calandrer. See Calender, n.]

Defn: To press between rollers for the purpose of making smooth and glossy, or wavy, as woolen and silk stuffs, linens, paper, etc. Ure.

CALENDER
Cal"en*der, n. Etym: [Per. qalender.]

Defn: One of a sect or order of fantastically dressed or painted dervishes.

CALENDOGRAPHER
Cal`en*dog"ra*pher, n. Etym: [Calendar + -graph + er.]

Defn: One who makes calendars. [R.]

CALENDRER
Cal"en*drer, n.

Defn: A person who calenders cloth; a calender.

CALENDRIC; CALENDRICAL
Ca*len"dric, Ca*len"dric*al, a.,

Defn: Of or pertaining to a calendar.

CALENDS Cal"ends, n. pl. Etym: [OE. kalendes month, calends, AS. calend month, fr. L. calendae; akin to calare to call, proclaim, Gr. Claim.]

Defn: The first day of each month in the ancient Roman calendar. [Written also kalends.] The Greek calends, a time that will never come, as the Greeks had no calends.

CALENDULA
Ca*len"du*la, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. calendae calends.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of composite herbaceous plants. One species, Calendula officinalis, is the common marigold, and was supposed to blossom on the calends of every month, whence the name.

CALENDULIN
Ca*len"du*lin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A gummy or mucilaginous tasteless substance obtained from the marigold or calendula, and analogous to bassorin.

CALENTURE Cal"en*ture, n. Etym: [F. calenture, fr. Sp. calenture heat, fever, fr. calentar to heat, fr. p. pr. of L. calere to be warm.] (Med.)

Defn: A name formerly given to various fevers occuring in tropics; esp. to a form of furious delirium accompanied by fever, among sailors, which sometimes led the affected person to imagine the sea to be a green field, and to throw himself into it.

CALENTURE
Cal"en*ture, v. i.

Defn: To see as in the delirium of one affected with calenture.
[Poetic]
Hath fed on pageants floating through the air Or calentures in depths
of limpid flood. Wordsworth.

CALESCENCE Ca*les"cence, n. Etym: [L. calescens, p.pr. of calescere, incho. of calere to be warm.]

Defn: Growing warmth; increasing heat.

CALF Calf, n.; pl. Calves. Etym: [OE. calf, kelf, AS. cealf; akin to D. kalf, G. kalb, Icel. kalfr, Sw. kalf, Dan. kalv, Goth. kalbo; cf. Skr. garbha fetus, young, Gr. grabh to seize, conceive, Ir. colpa, colpach, a calf. *222.]

1. The young of the cow, or of the Bovine family of quadrupeds. Also, the young of some other mammals, as of the elephant, rhinoceros, hippopotamus, and whale.

2. Leather made of the skin of the calf; especially, a fine, light- colored leather used in bookbinding; as, to bind books in calf.

3. An awkward or silly boy or young man; any silly person; a dolt. [Colloq.] Some silly, doting, brainless calf. Drayton.

4. A small island near a larger; as, the Calf of Man.

5. A small mass of ice set free from the submerged part of a glacier or berg, and rising to the surface. Kane.

6. Etym: [Cf. Icel. kalfi.]

Defn: The fleshy hinder part of the leg below the knee. Calf's-foot jelly, jelly made from the feet of calves. The gelatinous matter of the feet is extracted by boiling, and is flavored with sugar, essences, etc.

CALFSKIN
Calf"skin`, n.

Defn: The hide or skin of a calf; or leather made of the skin.

CALI
Ca"li, n. (Hindoo Myth.)

Defn: The tenth avatar or incarnation of the god Vishnu. [Written also Kali.]

CALIBER; CALIBRE Cal"i*ber, Cal"ibre, n. Etym: [F. calibre, perh. fr. L. qualibra of what pound, of what weight; hence, of what size, applied first to a ball or bullet; cf. also Ar. qalib model, mold. Cf. Calipers, Calivere.]

1. (Gunnery)

Defn: The diameter of the bore, as a cannon or other firearm, or of any tube; or the weight or size of the projectile which a firearm will carry; as, an 8 inch gun, a 12-pounder, a 44 caliber. The caliber of empty tubes. Reid. A battery composed of three guns of small caliber. Prescott.

Note: The caliber of firearms is expressed in various ways. Cannon are often designated by the weight of a solid spherical shot that will fit the bore; as, a 12-pounder; pieces of ordnance that project shell or hollow shot are designated by the diameter of their bore; as, a 12 inch mortar or a 14 inch shell gun; small arms are designated by hundredths of an inch expressed decimally; as, a rifle of .44 inch caliber.

2. The diameter of round or cylindrical body, as of a bullet or column.

3. Fig.: Capacity or compass of mind. Burke. Caliber compasses. See Calipers. — Caliber rule, a gunner's calipers, an instrument having two scales arranged to determine a ball's weight from its diameter, and conversely. — A ship's caliber, the weight of her armament.

CALIBRATE
Cal"i*brate, v. i.

Defn: To ascertain the caliber of, as of a thermometer tube; also, more generally, to determine or rectify the graduation of, as of the various standards or graduated instruments.

CALIBRATION
Cal`ibra"*tion, n.

Defn: The process of estimating the caliber a tube, as of a thermometer tube, in order to graduate it to a scale of degrees; also, more generally, the determination of the true value of the spaces in any graduated instrument.

CALICE
Cal"ice, n. Etym: [See Calice.]

Defn: See Chalice.

CALICLE Cal"i*cle, n. Etym: [L. caliculus a small cup, dim. of calicis, a cup. Cf Calycle.] (Zoöl.) (a) One of the small cuplike cavities, often with elevated borders, covering the surface of most corals. Each is formed by a polyp. (b) One of the cuplike structures inclosing the zooids of certain hydroids. See Campanularian. [Written also calycle. See Calycle.]

CALICO Cal"i*co, n.; pl. Calicoes. Etym: [So called because first imported from Calicut, in the East Indies: cf. F. calicot.]

1. Plain white cloth made from cotton, but which receives distinctive names according to quality and use, as, super calicoes, shirting calicoes, unbleached calicoes, etc. [Eng.] The importation of printed or stained colicoes appears to have been coeval with the establishment of the East India Company. Beck (Draper's Dict. ).

2. Cotton cloth printed with a figured pattern.

Note: In the United States the term calico is applied only to the printed fabric. Calico bass (Zoöl.), an edible, fresh-water fish (Pomoxys sparaides) of the rivers and lake of the Western United States (esp. of the Misissippi valley.), allied to the sunfishes, and so called from its variegated colors; — called also calicoback, grass bass, strawberry bass, barfish, and bitterhead. — Calico printing, the art or process of impressing the figured patterns on calico.

CALICO
Cal"i*co, a.

Defn: Made of, or having the apperance of, calico; — often applied to an animal, as a horse or cat, on whose body are large patches of a color strikingly different from its main color. [Colloq. U. S.]

CALICOBACK Cal"i*co*back`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The calico bass. (b) An hemipterous insect (Murgantia histrionica) which injures the cabbage and other garden plants; — called also calico bug and harlequin cabbage bug.

CALICULAR; CALICULATE
Ca*lic"u*lar, a. Ca*lic"u*late, a.

Defn: Relating to, or resembling, a cup; also improperly used for calycular, calyculate.

CALID
Cal"id, a. Etym: [L. calidus, fr. calere to be hot.]

Defn: Hot; burning; ardent. [Obs.] Bailey.

CALIDITY
Ca*lid"i*ty, n.

Defn: Heat. [Obs.]

CALIDUCT
Cal"i*duct, n. Etym: [See Caloriduct.]

Defn: A pipe or duct used to convey hot air or steam.
Subterranean caliducts have been introduced. Evelyn.

CALIF; CALIFATE
Ca"lif, n., Cal"i*fate, n., etc.

Defn: Same as Caliph, Caliphate, etc.

CALIFORNIA JACK
Cal`i*for"ni*a jack".

Defn: A game at cards, a modification of seven-up, or all fours.

CALIFORNIAN
Cal`i*for"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to California.
— n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of California.

CALIGATION Cal`i*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. caligatio, fr. caligare to emit vapor, to be dark, from caligo mist, darkness.]

Defn: Dimness; cloudiness. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

CALIGINOSITY
Ca*lig`i*nos"ity, n. Etym: [L. caliginosus dark. See Caligation.]

Defn: Darkness. [R.] G. Eliot.

CALIGINOUS
Ca*lig"i*nous, a. Etym: [L. caliginosus; cf. F. caligineux.]

Defn: Affected with darkness or dimness; dark; obscure. [R.] Blount.
The caliginous regions of the air. Hallywell.
— Ca*lig"i*nous*ly, adv.
— Ca*lig"i*nous*ness, n.

CALIGO
Ca*li"go, n. Etym: [L., darkness.] (Med.)

Defn: Dimness or obscurity of sight, dependent upon a speck on the cornea; also, the speck itself.

CALIGRAPHIC
Cal`i*graph"ic, a.

Defn: See Calligraphic.

CALIGRAPHY
Ca*lig"ra*phy, n.

Defn: See Caligraphy.

CALIN
Ca"lin, n. Etym: [F., fr. Malay kelany tin, or fr. Kala'a, a town in
India, fr. which it came.]

Defn: An alloy of lead and tin, of which the Chinese make tea canisters.

CALIPASH
Cal`i*pash", n. Etym: [F. carapace, Sp. carapacho. Cf Calarash,
Carapace.]

Defn: A part of a turtle which is next to the upper shell. It contains a fatty and gelatinous substance of a dull greenish tinge, much esteemed as a delicacy in preparations of turtle.

CALIPEE
Cal"i*pee, n. Etym: [See Calipash]

Defn: A part of a turtle which is attached to the lower shell. It contains a fatty and gelatinous substance of a light yellowish color, much esteemed as a delicacy. Thackeray.

CALIPERS
Cal"i*pers, n. pl. Etym: [Corrupted from caliber.]

Defn: An instrument, usually resembling a pair of dividers or compasses with curved legs, for measuring the diameter or thickness of bodies, as of work shaped in a lathe or planer, timber, masts, shot, etc.; or the bore of firearms, tubes, etc.; — called also caliper compasses, or caliber compasses. Caliper square, a draughtsman's or mechanic's square, having a graduated bar and adjustable jaw or jaws. Knight. — Vernier calipers. See Vernier.

CALIPH Ca"liph, n. Etym: [OE. caliphe, califfe, F. calife (cf. Sp. califa), fr. Ar. khalifan successor, fr. khalafa to succed.]

Defn: Successor or vicar; — a title of the successors of Mohammed both as temporal and spiritual rulers, now used by the sultans of Turkey, [Writting also calif.]

CALIPHATE
Cal"i*phate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. califat.]

Defn: The office, dignity, or government of a caliph or of the caliphs.

CALIPPIC
Ca*lip"pic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Calippus, an Athenian astronomer. Calippic period, a period of seventy-six years, proposed by Calippus, as an improvement on the Metonic cycle, since the 6940 days of the Metonic cycle exceeded 19 years by about a quarter of a day, and exceeded 235 lunations by something more.

CALISAYA BARK
Cal`i*sa"ya bark.

Defn: A valuable kind of Peruvian bark obtained from the Cinchona
Calisaya, and other closely related species.

CALISTHENEUM
Cal`is*the"ne*um, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: A gymnasium; esp. one for light physical exercise by women and children.

CALISTHENIC
Cal`is*then"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to calisthenics.

CALISTHENICS
Cal`is*then"ics, n.

Defn: The science, art, or practice of healthful exercise of the body and limbs, to promote strength and gracefulness; light gymnastics.

CALIVER
Cal"i*ver, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. caliber.]

Defn: An early form of hand gun, variety of the arquebus; originally a gun having a regular size of bore. [Obs.] Shak.

CALIX
Ca"lix, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A cup. See Calyx.

CALK Calk, v. t. [imp. &p. p. Calked; p. pr. & vb. n. Calking.] Etym: [Either corrupted fr. F. calfater (cf. Pg. calafetar, Sp. calafetear), fr. Ar. qalafa to fill up crevices with the fibers of palm tree or moss; or fr. OE. cauken to tred, through the French fr. L. calcare, fr. calx heel. Cf. Calk to copy, Inculcate.]

1. To drive tarred oakum into the seams between the planks of (a ship, boat, etc.), to prevent leaking. The calking is completed by smearing the seams with melted pitch.

2. To make an indentation in the edge of a metal plate, as along a seam in a steam boiler or an iron ship, to force the edge of the upper plate hard against the lower and so fill the crevice.

CALK Calk, v. t. Etym: [E.calquer to trace, It. caicare to trace, to trample, fr. L. calcare to trample, fr. calx heel. Cf. Calcarate.]

Defn: To copy, as a drawing, by rubbing the back of it with red or black chalk, and then passing a blunt style or needle over the lines, so as to leave a tracing on the paper or other thing against which it is laid or held. [Writting also calque]

CALK Calk, n. Etym: [Cf. AS calc shoe, hoof, L. calx, calcis, hel, cälcar, spur.]

1. A sharp-pointed piece or iron or steel projecting downward on the shoe of a nore or an ox, to prevent the animal from slipping; — called also calker, calkin.

2. An instrument with sharp points, worn on the sole of a shoe or boot, to prevent slipping.

CALK
Calk, v. i.

1. To furnish with calks, to prevent slipping on ice; as, to calk the shoes of a horse or an ox.

2. To wound with a calk; as when a horse injures a leg or a foot with a calk on one of the other feet.

CALKER
Calk"er, n.

1. One who calks.

2. A calk on a shoe. See Calk, n., 1.

CALKIN
Calk"in, n.

Defn: A calk on a shoe. See Calk, n., 1.

CALKING
Calk"ing, n.

Defn: The act or process of making seems tight, as in ships, or of furnishing with calks, as a shoe, or copying, as a drawing. Calking iron, a tool like a chisel, used in calking ships, tightening seams in ironwork, etc. Their left hand does the calking iron guide. Dryden.

CALL Call, v. i. [imp.& p. p. Called; p. r. & vb. n. Calling] Etym: [OE. callen, AS. ceallin; akin to Icel & Sw. kalla, Dan. kalde, D. kallen to talk, prate, Gr. gar to praise. Cf. Garrulous.]

1. To command or request to come or be present; to summon; as, to call a servant. Call hither Clifford; bid him come amain Shak.

2. To summon to the discharge of a particular duty; to designate for an office, or employment, especially of a religious character; — often used of a divine summons; as, to be called to the ministry; sometimes, to invite; as, to call a minister to be the pastor of a church. Paul . . . called to be an apostle Rom. i. 1. The Holy Ghost said, Separate me Barnabas and Saul for the work whereunto I have called them. Acts xiii. 2.

3. To invite or command to meet; to convoke; — often with together; as, the President called Congress together; to appoint and summon; as, to call a meeting of the Board of Aldermen. Now call we our high court of Parliament. Shak.

4. To give name to; to name; to address, or speak of, by a specifed name. If you would but call me Rosalind. Shak. And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. Gen. i. 5.

5. To regard or characterize as of a certain kind; to denominate; to designate. What God hath cleansed, that call not thou common. Acts x. 15.

6. To state, or estimate, approximately or loosely; to characterize without strict regard to fact; as, they call the distance ten miles; he called it a full day's work. [The] army is called seven hundred thousand men. Brougham.

7. To show or disclose the class, character, or nationality of. [Obs.] This speech calls him Spaniard. Beau. & Fl.

8. To utter in a loud or distinct voice; — often with off; as, to call, or call off, the items of an account; to call the roll of a military company. No parish clerk who calls the psalm so clear. Gay.

9. To invoke; to appeal to. I call God for a witness. 2 Cor. i. 23 [Rev. Ver. ]

10. To rouse from sleep; to awaken. If thou canst awake by four o' the clock. I prithee call me. Sleep hath seized me wholly. Shak. To call a bond, to give notice that the amount of the bond will be paid. — To call a party (Law), to cry aloud his name in open court, and command him to come in and perform some duty requiring his presence at the time on pain of what may befall him. — To call back, to revoke or retract; to recall; to summon back. — To call down, to pray for, as blessing or curses. — To call forth, to bring or summon to action; as, to call forth all the faculties of the mind. — To call in, (a) To collect; as, to call in debts or money; ar to withdraw from cirulation; as, to call in uncurrent coin. (b) To summon to one's side; to invite to come together; as, to call in neighbors. — To call (any one) names, to apply contemptuous names (to any one). — To call off, to summon away; to divert; as, to call off the attention; to call off workmen from their employment. — To call out. (a) To summon to fight; to challenge. (b) To summon into service; as, to call out the militia. — To call over, to recite separate particulars in order, as a roll of names. — To call to account, to demand explanation of. — To call to mind, to recollect; to revive in memory. — To call to order, to request to come to order; as: (a) A public meeting, when opening it for business. (b) A person, when he is transgressing the rules of debate. — To call to the bar, to admit to practice in courts of law. — To call up. (a) To bring into view or recollection; as to call up the image of deceased friend. (b) To bring into action or discussion; to demand the consideration of; as, to call up a bill before a legislative body.

Syn. — To name; denominate; invite; bid; summon; convoke; assemble; collect; exhort; warn; proclaim; invoke; appeal to; designate. To Call, Convoke, Summon. Call is the generic term; as, to call a public meeting. To convoke is to require the assembling of some organized body of men by an act of authority; as, the king convoked Parliament. To summon is to require attendance by an act more or less stringent anthority; as, to summon a witness.

CALL
Call, v. i.

1. To speak in loud voice; to cry out; to address by name; —
sometimes with to.
You must call to the nurse. Shak.
The angel of God called to Hagar. Gen. xxi. 17.

2. To make a demand, requirement, or request. They called for rooms, and he showed them one. Bunyan.

3. To make a brief visit; also, to stop at some place designated, as for orders. He ordered her to call at the house once a week. Temple. To call for (a) To demand; to require; as, a crime calls for punishment; a survey, grant, or deed calls for the metes and bounds, or the quantity of land, etc., which it describes. (b) To give an order for; to request. "Whenever the coach stopped, the sailor called for more ale." Marryat. — To call on, To call upon, (a) To make a short visit to; as, call on a friend. (b) To appeal to; to invite; to request earnestly; as, to call upon a person to make a speech. (c) To solicit payment, or make a demand, of a debt. (d) To invoke or play to; to worship; as, to call upon God. — To call out To call or utter loudly; to brawl.

CALL
Call, n.

1. The act of calling; — usually with the voice, but often otherwise, as by signs, the sound of some instrument, or by writing; a summons; an entreaty; an invitation; as, a call for help; the bugle's call. "Call of the trumpet." Shak. I rose as at thy call, but found thee not. Milton.

2. A signal, as on a drum, bugle, trumpet, or pipe, to summon soldiers or sailors to duty.

3. (Eccl.)

Defn: An invitation to take charge of or serve a church as its pastor.

4. A requirement or appeal arising from the circumstances of the case; a moral requirement or appeal. Dependence is a perpetual call upon hummanity. Addison. Running into danger without any call of duty. Macaulay.

5. A divine vocation or summons. St. Paul himself believed he did well, and that he had a call to it, when he persecuted the Christians. Locke.

6. Vocation; employment.

Note: [In this sense, calling is generally used.]

7. A short visit; as, to make a call on a neighbor; also, the daily coming of a tradesman to solicit orders. The baker's punctual call. Cowper.

8. (Hunting)

Defn: A note blown on the horn to encourage the hounds.

9. (Naut.)

Defn: A whistle or pipe, used by the boatswain and his mate, to summon the sailors to duty.

10. (Fowling)

Defn: The cry of a bird; also a noise or cry in imitation of a bird; or a pipe to call birds by imitating their note or cry.

11. (Amer. Land Law)

Defn: A reference to, or statement of, an object, course, distance, or other matter of description in a survey or grant reguiring or calling for a carresponding object, etc., on the land.

12. The privilege to demand the delivery of stock, grain, or any commodity, at a fixed, price, at or within a certain time agreed on. [Brokers' Cant]

13. See Assessment, 4. At call, or On call, liable to be demanded at any moment without previous notice; as money on deposit. — Call bird, a bird taught to allure others into a snare. — Call boy (a) A boy who calls the actors in a theater; a boy who transmits the orders of the captain of a vessel to the engineer, helmsman, etc. (b) A waiting boy who answers a cal, or cames at the ringing of a bell; a bell boy. — Call note, the note naturally used by the male bird to call the female. It is artifically applied by birdcatchers as a decoy. Latham. — Call of the house (Legislative Bodies), a calling over the names of members, to discover who is absent, or for other purposes; a calling of names with a view to obtaining the ayes and noes from the persons named. — Call to the bar, admission to practice in the courts.

CALLA Cal"la, n. Etym: [Linnæus derived Calla fr. Gr. calla, calsa, name of an unknown plant, and Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants, of the order Araceæ.

Note: The common Calla of cultivation is Richardia Africana, belonging to another genus of the same order. Its large spathe is pure white, surrounding a fleshy spike, which is covered with minute apetalous flowers.

CALLAT
Cal"lat, n.

Defn: Same as Callet. [Obs.]
A callat of boundless tongue. Shak.

CALLE
Calle, n. Etym: [See Caul.]

Defn: A kind of head covering; a caul. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CALLER
Call"er, n.

Defn: One who calls.

CALLER
Cal"ler, a. [Scot.]

1. Cool; refreshing; fresh; as, a caller day; the caller air. Jamieson.

2. Fresh; in good condition; as, caller berrings.

CALLET
Cal"let, n. Etym: [Cf. Ir. & Gael. caile a country woman, strumpet.]

Defn: A trull or prostitute; a scold or gossip. [Obs.] [Written also callat.]

CALLET
Cal"let v. i.

Defn: To rail or scold. [Obs.] Brathwait.

CALLID Cal"lid, a. Etym: [L. callidus, fr. callere to be thick-skinned, to be hardened, to be practiced, fr. callum, callus, callous skin, callosity, callousness.]

Defn: Characterized by cunning or shrewdness; crafty. [R.]

CALLIDITY
Cal*lid"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. calliditas.]

Defn: Acuteness of discernment; cunningness; shrewdness. [R.]
Her eagly-eyed callidity. C. Smart.

CALLIGRAPHER
Cal*lig"ra*pher, n.

Defn: One skilled in calligraphy; a good penman.

CALLIGRAPHIC; CALLIGRAPHICAL
Cal`li*graph"ic, Cal`li*graph"ic*al, a., Etym: [Gr. calligraphique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to calligraphy.
Excellence in the calligraphic act. T. Warton.

CALLIGRAPHIST
Cal*lig"ra*phist, n.

Defn: A calligrapher

CALLIGRAPHY
Cal*lig"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. calligraphie.]

Defn: Fair or elegant penmanship.

CALLING
Call"ing, n.

1. The act of one who calls; a crying aloud, esp. in order to summon, or to attact the attention of, some one.

2. A summoning or convocation, as of Parliament. The frequent calling and meeting of Parlaiment. Macaulay.

3. A divine summons or invitation; also, the state of being divinely
called.
Who hath . . . called us with an holy calling. 2 Tim. i. 9.
Give diligence to make yior calling . . . sure. 2 Pet. i. 10.

4. A naming, or inviting; a reading over or reciting in order, or a call of names with a view to obtaining an answer, as in legislative bodies.

5. One's usual occupation, or employment; vocation; business; trade. The humble calling of ter female parent. Thackeray.

6. The persons, collectively, engaged in any particular professions or employment. To impose celibacy on wholy callings. Hammond.

7. Title; appellation; name. [Obs.] I am more proud to be Sir Rowland's son His youngest son, and would not change that calling. Shak.

Syn. — Occupation; employment; business; trade; profession; office; engagement; vocation.

CALLIOPE Cal*li"o*pe, n. Etym: [L. Calliope, Gr. kalli- (from kallos beautiful) +

1. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: The Muse that presides over eloquence and heroic poetry; mother of Orpheus, and chief of the nine Muses.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: One of the astreids. See Solar.

3. A musical instrument consisting of series of steam whistles, toned to the notes of the scale, and played by keys arranged like those of an organ. It is sometimes attached to steamboat boilers.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A beautuful species of humming bird (Stellula Calliope) of
California and adjacent regions.

CALLIOPSIS
Cal`li*op"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. pref. (Bot.)

Defn: A popular name given to a few species of the genus Careopsis, especially to C. tinctoria of Arkansas.

CALLIPASH
Cal`li*pash" (, n.

Defn: See Calipash.

CALLIPEE
Cal`li*pee" (, n.

Defn: See Calipee.

CALLIPERS
Cal`li*pers (, n. pl.

Defn: See Calipers.

CALLISECTION
Cal`li*sec"tion, n. Etym: [L. callere to be insensible + E. section.]

Defn: Painless vivisection; — opposed to sentisection. B. G. Wilder.

CALLISTHENIC; CALLISTHENICS
Cal`lis*then"ic, a., Cal`lis*then"ics, n.

Defn: See Calisthenic, Calisthenics.

CALLITHUMP
Cal"li*thump`, n.

Defn: A somewhat riotous parade, accompanied with the blowing of tin horus, and other discordant noises; also, a burlesque serenade; a charivari. [U. S.]

CALLITHUMPIAN
Cal`li*thump"i*an, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a callithump. [U. S.]

CALLOSAN
Cal*lo"san, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of the callosum.

CALLOSE
Cal"lose, a. Etym: [See Callous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Furnished with protuberant or hardened spots.

CALLOSITY Cal*los"i*ty, n.; pl. Callosities. Etym: [L. callasitas; cf. F. calosté.]

Defn: A hard or thickened spot or protuberance; a hardening and thickening of the skin or bark of a part, eps. as a result of continued pressure or friction.

CALLOSUM
Cal*lo"sum, n. Etym: [NL., fr. callosus callous, hard.] (Anat.)

Defn: The great band commissural fibers which unites the two cerebral hemispheres. See corpus callosum, under Carpus.

CALLOT
Cal"lot, n.

Defn: A plant coif or skullcap. Same as Calotte. B. Jonson.

CALLOUS Cal"lous, a. Etym: [L. callosus callous hard, fr. callum, callus, callous skin: cf. F. calleux.]

1. Hardenes; indurated. "A callous hand." Goldsmith. "A callous ulcer." Dunglison.

2. Hardened in mind; insensible; unfeeling; unsusceptible. "The callous diplomatist." Macaulay. It is an immense blessing to be perfectly callous to ridicule. T. Arnold.

Syn.
— Obdurate; hard; hardened; indurated; insensible; unfeeling;
unsusceptible. See Obdurate.
— Cal"lous*ly, adv.
— Cal"lous*ness, n.
A callousness and numbness of soul. Bentley.

CALLOW
Cal"low, a. Etym: [OE. calewe, calu, bald, AS. calu; akin to D. kaal,
OHG. chalo, G. Kuhl; cf. L. calvus.]

1. Destitute of feathers; naked; unfledged. An in the leafy summit, spied a nest, Which, o'er the callow young, a sparrow pressed. Dryden.

2. Immature; boyish; "green"; as, a callow youth. I perceive by this, thou art but a callow maid. Old Play [1675].

CALLOW
Cal*low", n. (Zoöl.) Etym: [Named from its note.]

Defn: A kind of duck. See Old squaw.

CALLUS
Cal"lus, n. Etym: [L. See Callous.]

1. (Med.) (a) Same as Callosity. (b

Defn: The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous in consistence, but is ultimately converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single piece.

2. (Hort.)

Defn: The new formation over the end of a cutting, before it puts out rootlets.

CALM Calm, n. Etym: [OE. calme, F. calme, fr. It. or Sp. calma (cf. Pg. calma heat), prob. fr. LL. cauma heat, fr. Gr. Caustic]

Defn: Freodom from motion, agitation, or disturbance; a cessation or abeence of that which causes motion or disturbance, as of winds or waves; tranquility; stilness; quiet; serenity. The wind ceased, and there was a great calm. Mark. iv. 39. A calm before a storm is commonly a peace of a man's own making. South.

CALM
Calm, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Calmed; p. pr. & vb. n. Calming.] Etym:
[Cf. F. calmer. See Calm, n.]

1. To make calm; to render still or quet, as elements; as, to calm the winds. To calm the tempest raised by Eolus. Dryden.

2. To deliver from agitation or excitement; to still or soothe, as the mind or passions. Passions which seem somewhat calmed.

Syn. — To still; quiet; appease; ally; pacigy; tranquilize; soothe; compose; assuage; check; restrain.

CALM
Calm, a. [compar. Calmer; super. Calmest]

1. Not stormy; without motion, as of winds or waves; still; quiet; serene; undisturbed. "Calm was the day." Spenser. Now all is calm, and fresh, and still. Bryant.

2. Undisturbed by passion or emotion; not agitated or excited; tranquil; quiet in act or speech. "Calm and sinless peace." Milton. "With calm attention." Pope. Such calm old age as conscience pure And self-commanding hearts ensure. Keble.

Syn. — Still; quiet; undisturbed; tranquil; peaceful; serene; composed; unruffled; sedate; collected; placid.

CALMER
Calm"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, makes calm.

CALMLY
Calm"ly, adv.

Defn: In a calm manner.
The gentle stream which calmly flows. Denham.

CALMNESS
Calm"ness, n.

Defn: The state of quality of being calm; quietness; tranquillity;
self-repose.
The gentle calmness of the flood. Denham.
Hes calmness was the repose of conscious power. E. Everett.

Syn. — Quietness; quietude; stillness; tranquillity; serenity; repose; composure; sedateness; placidity.

CALMUCKS
Cal"mucks, n. pl.

Defn: ; sing. Calmuck. A branch of the Mongolian race inbabiting parts of the Russian and Chinese empires; also (sing.), the language of the Calmucks. [Written also Kalmucks.]

CALMY
Calm"y, a. Etym: [Fr. Calm, n.]

Defn: Tranquil; peaceful; calm. [Poet.] "A still and calmy day"
Spenser.

CALOMEL
Cal"o*mel, n. Etym: [Gr. calomélas.] (Chem.)

Defn: Mild chloride of mercury, Hg

CALORESCENCE
Cal`o*res"cence, n. Etym: [L. calor heat.] (Physics)

Defn: The conversion of obscure radiant heat info kight; the transmutation of rays of heat into others of higher refrangibility. Tyndall.

CALORIC
Ca*lor"ic, n. Etym: [L. calor heat; cf. F. calorique.] (Physics)

Defn: The principle of heat, or the agent to which the phenomena of heat and combustion were formerly ascribed; — not now used in scientific nomenclature, but sometimes used as a general term for heat. Caloric expands all bodies. Henry.

CALORIC
Ca*lor"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to caloric. Caloric engine, a kind of engine operated air.

CALORICITY
Cal`o*ric"ity, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: A faculty in animals of developing and preserving the heat nesessary to life, that is, the animal heat.

CALORIDUCT Ca*lor"i*duct, n. Etym: [L. calor heat (fr. calere to warm) + E. duct.]

Defn: A tube or duct for conducting heat; a caliduct.

CALORIE
Cal"o*rie, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. calor heat.] (Physics)

Defn: The unit of heat according to the Frensc standard; the amount of heat requires to raise the temperature of one kilogram (sometimes, one gram) of water one degree centigrade, or from 0Foot pound.

CALORIFACIENT
Ca*lor`i*fa"cient, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: See Calorificient.

CALORIFERE Ca*lor"i*fere, n. Etym: [F. calorifère, fr. L. calor heat + ferre to bear.]

Defn: An apparatus for conveying and distributing heat, especially by means of hot water circulating in tubes.

CALORIFIANT
Ca*lor`i*fi"ant, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: See Calorificient.

CALORIFIC Cal`o*rif"ic, a. Etym: [L. calorificus; calor heat + facere to make; cf. F. calorifique.]

Defn: Possessing the quality of producing heat; heating. Calorific rays, the invisible, heating rays which emanate from the sum, and burning and heated bodies.

CALORIFICATION
Ca*lor`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. calorification.]

Defn: Production of heat, esp. animal heat.

CALORIFICIENT
Ca*lor`i*fi"cient, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Having, or relating to the power of producing heat; — applied to foods which, being rich in carbon, as the fats, are supposed to give rise to heat in the animal body by oxidation.

CALORIMETER Cal`o*rim"e*ter, n. Etym: [L. calor heat + -meter; cf. F. calorimètre.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: An apparatus for measuring the amount of heat contained in bodies or developed by some mechanical or chemical process, as friction, chemical combination, combustion, etc.

2. (Engineering)

Defn: An apparatus for measuring the proportion of unevaporated water contained in steam.

CALORIMETRIC
Ca*lor`i*met"ric, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to process of using the calorimeter.
Satisfactory calorimetric results. Nichol.

CALORIMETRY
Cal`o*rim"e*try, n. (Physics)

Defn: Measurement of the quantities of heat in bodies.

CALORIMOTOR
Ca*lor`i*mo"tor, n. Etym: [L. calor heat + E. motor.] (Physics)

Defn: A voltaic battery, having a large surface of plate, and producing powerful heating effects.

CALORISATOR
Ca*lor"i*sa`tor, n. [NL., heater, fr. L. calor heat.]

Defn: An apparatus used in beet-sugar factories to heat the juice in order to aid the diffusion.

CALOTTE; CALLOT Ca*lotte", Cal"lot, n. Etym: [F. calotte, dim. of cale a sort of flat cap. Cf. Caul.]

Defn: A close cap without visor or brim. Especially: (a) Such a cap, worn by English serjeants at law. (b) Such a cap, worn by the French cavalry under their helmets. (c) Such a cap, worn by the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church. To assume the calotte, to become a priest.

CALOTYPE
Cal"o*type, n. Etym: [Gr. (Photog.)

Defn: A method of taking photographic pictures, on paper sensitized with iodide of silver; — also called Talbotype, from the inventor, Mr. Fox. Talbot.

CALOYER
Ca*loy"er, n. Etym: [F., fr. NGr.

Defn: A monk of the Greek Church; a cenobite, anchoret, or recluse of the rule of St. Basil, especially, one on or near Mt. Athos.

CALQUE
Calque, v. t.

Defn: See 2d Calk, v. t.

CALTROP; CALTRAP Cal"trop, Cal"trap, n. Etym: [OE. calketrappe, calletrappe, caltor (in both senses), fr. AS. collræppe, calcetreppe, sort of thistle; cf. F. chaussetrape star thistle, trap, It. calcatreppo, calcatreppolo, star thistle. Perh. from L. calx heel + the same word as E. trap. See 1st Trap.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of herbaceous plants (Tribulus) of the order Zygophylleæ, having a hard several-celled fruit, armed with stout spines, and resembling the military instrument of the same name. The species grow in warm countries, and are often very annoying to cattle.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: An instrument with four iron points, so disposed that, any three of them being on the ground, the other projects upward. They are scattered on the ground where an enemy's cavalry are to pass, to impede their progress by endangering the horses' feet.

CALUMBA
Ca*lum"ba, n. Etym: [from kalumb, its native name in Mozambique.]
(Med.)

Defn: The root of a plant (Jateorrhiza Calumba, and probably Cocculus palmatus), indigenous in Mozambique. It has an unpleasantly bitter taste, and is used as a tonic and antiseptic. [Written also colombo, columbo, and calombo.] American calumba, the Frasera Carolinensis, also called American gentian. Its root has been used in medicine as bitter tonic in place of calumba.

CALUMBIN
Ca*lum"bin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A bitter principle extracted as a white crystalline substance from the calumba root. [Written also colombin, and columbin]

CALUMET Cal"u*met, n. Etym: [F. calumet, fr. L. calamus reed. See Halm, and cf. Shawm.]

Defn: A kind of pipe, used by the North American Indians for smoking tobacco. The bowl is usually made of soft red stone, and the tube is a long reed often ornamented with feathers. Smoked the calumet, the Peace pipe, As a signal to the nations. Lowgfellow.

Note: The calumet is used as a symbol of peace. To accept the calumet is to agree to terms of peace, and to refuse it is to reject them. The calumet of peace is used to seal or ratify contracts and alliances, and as an evidence to strangers that they are welcome.

CALUMNIATE
Ca*lum"ni*ate, v. i. [Imp. & p. p. Calumniated; p. pr. & vb. n.
calumniating.] Etym: [L. calumniatus, p. p. of calumniari. See
Calumny, and cf. Challenge, v. t.]

Defn: To accuse falsely and maliciously of a crime or offense, or of something disreputable; to slander; to libel. Hatred unto the truth did always falsely report and calumniate all godly men's doings. Strype. Syn. — To asperse; slander; defame; vilify; traduce; belie; bespatter; blacken; libel. See Asperse.

CALUMNIATE
Ca*lum"ni*ate, v. i.

Defn: To propagate evil reports with a design to injure the reputation of another; to make purposely false charges of some offense or crime.

CALUMNIATION
Ca*lum`ni*a"tion, n.

Defn: False accusation of crime or offense, or a malicious and false
representation of the words or actions of another, with a view to
injure his good name.
The calumniation of her principal counselors. Bacon.

CALUMNIATOR
Ca*lum`ni*a"tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who calumniates.

Syn.
— Slanderer; defamer; libeler; traducer.

CALUMNIATORY
Ca*lum"ni*a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Containing calumny; slanderous. Montagu.

CALUMNIOUS
Ca*lum"ni*ous, a. Etym: [L. calumniosus.]

Defn: Containing or implying calumny; false, malicious, and injurious to reputation; slanderous; as, calumnious reports. Virtue itself 'scapes not calumnious strokes. Shak.

Syn: Slanderous; defamatory; scurrilous; opprobrious; derogatory; libelous; abusive.

Syn: — Ca*lum"ni*ous*ly, adv.
— Ca*lum"ni*ous*ness, n.

CALUMNY Cal"um*ny, n.; pl. Calumnies. Etym: [L. calumnia, fr. calvi to devise tricks, deceive; cf. F. calomnie. Cf. Challenge, n.]

Defn: False accusation of a crime or offense, maliciously made or reported, to the injury of another; malicious misrepresentation; slander; detraction. "Infamouse calumnies." Motley. Be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou shalt not escape calumny. Shak.

CALVARIA
Cal*va"ri*a, n. Etym: [L. See Calvary.] (Anat.)

Defn: The bones of the cranium; more especially, the bones of the domelike upper portion.

CALVARY Cal"va*ry, n. Etym: [L. calvaria a bare skull, fr. calva the scalp without hair. fr. calvus bald; cf. F. calvaire.]

1. The place where Christ was crucified, on a small hill outside of Jerusalem. Luke xxiii. 33.

Note: The Latin calvaria is a translation of the Greek Golgotha. Dr.
W. Smith.

2. A representation of the crucifixion, consisting of three crosses with the figures of Christ and the thieves, often as large as life, and sometimes surrounded by figures of other personages who were present at the crucifixion.

3. (Her.)

Defn: A cross, set upon three steps; — more properly called cross calvary.

CALVE
Calve, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Calved 3; p. pr. & vb. n. Calving.] Etym:
[AS. cealfian. See Calf.]

1. To bring forth a calf. "Their cow calveth." Job xxi. 10.

2. To bring forth young; to produce offspring. Canst thou mark when the hinds do calve Job xxxix. 1. The grassy clods now calved. Molton.

CALVER
Cal"ver, v. i.

1. To cut in slices and pickle, as salmon. [Obs.] For a change, leave calvered salmon and eat sprats. Massinger.

2. To crimp; as, calvered salmon. Nares.

CALVER
Cal"ver, v. i.

Defn: To bear, or be susceptible of, being calvered; as, grayling's flesh will calver. Catton.

CALVESSNOUT
Calves"*snout, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Snapdragon.

CALVINISM
Cal"vin*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. Calvinisme.]

Defn: The theological tenets or doctrines of John Calvin (a French theologian and reformer of the 16th century) and his followers, or of the so-called calvinistic churches.

Note: The distinguishing doctrines of this system, usually termed the five points of Calvinism, are original sin or total depravity, election or predestination, particular redemption, effectual calling, and the perseverance of the saints. It has been subject to many variations and modifications in different churches and at various times.

CALVINIST
Cal"vin*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. Calviniste.]

Defn: A follower of Calvin; a believer in Calvinism.

CALVINISTIC; CALVINISTICAL
Cal`vin*is"tic, Cal`vin*is"tic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Calvin, or Calvinism; following Calvin; accepting or Teaching Calvinism. "Calvinistic training." Lowell.

CALVINIZE
Cal"vin*ize, v. t.

Defn: To convert to Calvinism.

CALVISH
Calv"ish, a.

Defn: Like a calf; stupid. Sheldon.

CALX
Calx, n.; pl. E. Calxes, L. Calces. Etym: [L. Calx, calcis.
limestone; cf. Gr. carraic rock Gael. carraig, W. careg, stone. Cf.
Chalk.]

1. (Chem.) (a) Quicklime. [Obs.] (b) The substance which remains when a metal or mineral has been subjected to calcination or combustion by heat, and which is, or may be, reduced to a fine powder.

Note: Metallic calxes are now called oxides.

2. Broken and refuse glass, returned to the post.

CALYCIFLORAL; CALLYCIFLOROUS Ca*lyc`i*flo"ral, cal*lyc`i*flo"rous, a. Etym: [L. calyx, -ycis, calyx + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the petals and stamens adnate to the calyx; — applied to a subclass of dicotyledonous plants in the system of the French botanist Candolle.

CALYCIFORM
Ca*lyc"i*form, a. Etym: [L. calyx, calycis, calyx + -form.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the form or appearance of a calyx.

CALYCINAL; CALYCINE
Ca*lyc"i*nal, Cal"y*cine, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to a calyx; having the nature of a calyx.

CALYCLE Cal"y*cle, n. Etym: [L.calyculus small flower bud, calyx, dim. of calyx. See Calyx, and cf. Calicle.] (Bot.)

Defn: A row of small bracts, at the base of the calyx, on the outside.

CALYCLED
Cal"y*cled, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Calyculate.

CALYCOZOA
Cal`y*co*zo"a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of acalephs of which Lucernaria is the type. The body is cup-shaped with eight marginal lobes bearing clavate tentacles. An aboral sucker serves for attachment. The interior is divided into four large compartments. See Lucernarida.

CALYCULAR
Ca*lyc"u*lar, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the bracts of a calycle.

CALYCULATE; CALYCULATED
Ca*lyc"u*late, Ca*lyc"u*la`ted, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having a set of bracts resembling a calyx.

CALYMENE
Ca*lym"e*ne, n. Etym: [Gr. ( (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of trilobites characteristic of the Silurian age.

CALYON
Cal"yon, n.

Defn: Flint or pebble stone, used in building walls, etc. Haliwell.

CALYPSO
Ca*lyp"so, n. Etym: [The Latinized Greek name of a beautiful nymph.]
(Bot.)

Defn: A small and beautiful species of orchid, having a flower variegated with purple, pink, and yellow. It grows in cold and wet localities in the northern part of the United States. The Calypso borealis is the only orchid which reaches 68º N.

CALYPTRA
Ca*lyp"tra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A little hood or veil, resembling an extinguisher in form and position, covering each of the small flaskike capsules which contain the spores of mosses; also, any similar covering body.

CALYPTRIFORM
Ca*lyp"tri*form, a. Etym: [Calyptra + -form.]

Defn: Having the form a calyptra, or extinguisher.

CALYX
Ca"lyx, n.; pl. E. Calyxes, L. Calyces. Etym: [L. calyx, -ycis, fr.
Gr. Chalice Helmet.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The covering of a flower. See Flower.

Note: The calyx is usually green and foliaceous, but becomes delicate and petaloid in such flowers as the anemone and the four-o'clock. Each leaf of the calyx is called a sepal.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A cuplike division of the pelvis of the kidney, which surrounds one or more of the renal papilæ.

CALZOONS
Cal*zoons", n. pl. Etym: [F. caleçons (cf. It. calzoni breeches), fr.
L. calceus shoe.]

Defn: Drawers. [Obs.]

CAM Cam, n. Etym: [Dan. kam comb, ridge; or cf. W. Gael., and Ir., cam bet. See 1st Come.]

1. (Med.) (a) A turning or sliding piece which, by the shape of its periphery or face, or a groove in its surface, imparts variable or intermittent motion to, or receives such motion from, a rod, lever, or block brought into sliding or rolling contact with it. (b) A curved wedge, movable about an axis, used for forcing or clamping two pieces together. (c) A projecting part of a wheel or other moving piece so shaped as to give alternate or variable motion to another piece against which its acts.

Note: Cams are much used in machinery involving complicated, and irregular movements, as in the sewing machine, pin machine, etc.

2. A ridge or mound of earth. [Prow. Eng.] Wright. Cam wheel (Mach.), a wheel with one or more projections (cams) or depressions upon its periphery or upon its face; one which is set or shaped eccentrically, so that its revolutions impart a varied, reciprocating, or intermittent motion.

CAM
Cam, a. Etym: [See Kam.]

Defn: Crooked. [Obs.]

CAMAIEU
Ca*ma"ieu, n. Etym: [F.; of unknown origin. Cf. Cameo.]

1. A cameo. [Obs.] Crabb.

2. (Fine Arts)

Defn: Painting in shades of one color; monochrome. Mollett.

CAMAIL Ca*mail", n. Etym: [F. camail (cf. It. camaglio), fr. L. caput head + source of E. mail.]

1. (Ancient Armor)

Defn: A neck guard of chain mall, hanging from the bascinet or other headpiece.

2. A hood of other material than mail; esp. (Eccl.), a hood worn in church services, — the amice, or the like.

CAMARA; CAMARA DOS PARES; CAMARADOS DEPUTADOS
Ca"ma*ra, Ca"ma*ra dos pares, Ca"ma*ra*dos deputados, n. [Pg.]

Defn: Chamber; house; — used in Ca"ma*ra dos Pa"res, and Ca"ma*ra dos De`pu*ta"dos. See Legislature.

CAMARADERIE
Ca`ma`ra`de*rie", n. [F. See Comrade.]

Defn: Comradeship and loyalty.

The spirit of camaraderie is strong among these riders of the plains.
W. A. Fraser.

CAMARASAURUS
Cam`a*ra*sau"rus, n. Etym: [NL. fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of gigantic American Jurassic dinosaurs, having large cavities in the bodies of the dorsal vertebræ.

CAMARILLA
Ca`ma*ril"la, n. Etym: [Sp., a small room.]

1. The private audience chamber of a king.

2. A company of secret and irresponsible advisers, as of a king; a cabal or clique.

CAMASS
Cam"ass, n. Etym: [American Indian name.] (Bot.)

Defn: A blue-flowered liliaceous plant (Camassia esculenta) of northwestern America, the bulbs of which are collected for food by the Indians. [Written also camas, cammas, and quamash.]

Note: The Eastern cammass is Camassia Fraseri.

CAMBER
Cam"ber, n. Etym: [Of. cambre bent, curved; akin to F. cambrer to
vault, to bend, fr. L. camerare to arch over, fr. camera vault, arch.
See Chamber, and cf. Camerate.]

1. (Shipbuilding)

Defn: An upward convexity of a deck or other surface; as, she has a high camber (said of a vessel having an unusual convexity of deck).

2. (Arch.)

Defn: An upward concavity in the under side of a beam, girder, or lintel; also, a slight upward concavity in a straight arch. See Hogback. Camber arch (Arch.), an arch whose intrados, though apparently straight, has a slightly concave curve upward. — Camber beam (Arch.), a beam whose under side has a concave curve upward.

CAMBER
Cam"ber, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cambered; p. pr. & vb. n. Cambering.]

Defn: To cut bend to an upward curve; to construct, as a deck, with an upward curve.

CAMBER
Cam"ber, v. i.

Defn: To curve upward.

CAMBERKEELED
Cam"ber*keeled, a. (Naut.)

Defn: Having the keel arched upwards, but not actually hogged; — said of a ship.

CAMBIAL
Cam"bi*al, a. Etym: [LL. cambialis, fr. cambiars. See Change.]

Defn: Belonging to exchanges in commerce; of exchange. [R.]

CAMBIST Cam"bist, n. Etym: [F. cambiste, It. cambista, fr. L. cambire to exchange. See Change.]

Defn: A banker; a money changer or broker; one who deals in bills of exchange, or who is skilled in the science of exchange.

CAMBISTRY
Cam"bist*ry, n.

Defn: The science of exchange, weight, measures, etc.

CAMBIUM Cam"bi*um, n. Etym: [LL. cambium exchange, fr. L. cambire to exchange. It was supposed that cambium was sap changing into wood.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A series of formative cells lying outside of the wood proper and inside of the inner bark. The growth of new wood takes place in the cambium, which is very soft.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A fancied nutritive juice, formerly supposed to orgiginate in the blood, to repair losses of the system, and to promote its increase. Dunglison.

CAMBLET
Cam"blet, n.

Defn: See Camlet.

CAMBOGE
Cam*boge", n.

Defn: See Gamboge.

CAMBOOSE
Cam*boose", n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Caboose.

CAMBRASINE
Cam"bra*sine, n.

Defn: A kind of linen cloth made in Egypt, and so named from its resemblance to cambric.

CAMBREL
Cam"brel, n.

Defn: See Gambrel, n., 2. Wright.

CAMBRIA
Cam"bri*a, n.

Defn: The ancient Latin name of Wales. It is used by modern poets.

CAMBRIAN
Cam"bri*an, a.

1. (Geog.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to Cambria or Wales.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the lowest subdivision of the rocks of the
Silurian or Molluscan age; — sometimes described as inferior to the
Silurian. It is named from its development in Cambria or Wales. See
the Diagram under Geology.

CAMBRIAN
Cam"bri*an, n.

1. A native of Cambria or Wales.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: The Cambrian formation.

CAMBRIC Cam"bric, n. Etym: [OE. camerike, fr. Cambrai (Flemish Kamerik), a city of France (formerly of Flanders), where it was first made.]

1. A fine, thin, and white fabric made of flax or linen. He hath ribbons of all the colors i' the rainbow; . . . inkles, caddises, cambrics, lawns. Shak.

2. A fabric made, in imitation of linen cambric, of fine, hardspun cotton, often with figures of various colors; — also called cotton cambric, and cambric muslin.

CAMBROBRITON; CAMBRO-BRITON
Cam"bro*Brit"on, n.

Defn: A Welshman.

CAME
Came,

Defn: imp. of Come.

CAME
Came, n. Etym: [Cf. Scot. came, caim, comb, and OE. camet silver.]

Defn: A slender rod of cast lead, with or without grooves, used, in casements and stained-glass windows, to hold together the panes or pieces of glass.

CAMEL Cam"el, n. Etym: [Oe. camel, chamel, OF. camel, chamel, F. chameau L. camelus, fr. Gr. gamal, Ar. jamal. Cf. As. camel, fr. L. camelus.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large ruminant used in Asia and Africa for carrying burdens and for riding. The camel is remarkable for its ability to go a long time without drinking. Its hoofs are small, and situated at the extremities of the toes, and the weight of the animal rests on the callous. The dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) has one bunch on the back, while the Bactrian camel (C. Bactrianus) has two. The llama, alpaca, and vicuña, of South America, belong to a related genus (Auchenia).

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A watertight structure (as a large box or boxes) used to assist a vessel in passing over a shoal or bar or in navigating shallow water. By admitting water, the camel or camels may be sunk and attached beneath or at the sides of a vessel, and when the water is pumped out the vessel is lifted. Camel bird (Zoöl.), the ostrich. — Camel locust (Zoöl.), the mantis. — Camel's thorn (Bot.), a low, leguminous shrub (Alhagi maurorum) of the Arabian desert, from which exudes a sweetish gum, which is one of the substances called manna.

CAMELBACKED; CAMEL-BACKED
Cam"el*backed`, a.

Defn: Having a back like a camel; humpbacked. Fuller.

CAMELEON
Ca*me"le*on, n.

Defn: See Chaceleon. [Obs.]

CAMELLIA Ca*mel"li*a, n. Etym: [NL.; — named after Kamel, a Jesuit who is said to have brought it from the East.] (Bot.)

Defn: An Asiatic genus of small shrubs, often with shining leaves and showy flowers. Camelia Japonica is much cultivated for ornament, and C. Sassanqua and C. Oleifera are grown in China for the oil which is pressed from their seeds. The tea plant is now referred to this genus under the name of Camellia Thea.

CAMELOPARD Ca*mel"o*pard, n. Etym: [LL. camelopardus, L. camelopardalus, camelopardalis, fr. Gr. camélopard. The camelopard has a neck and head like a camel, and is spotted like a pard. See Camel, and Pard.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An African ruminant; the giraffe. See Giraffe.

CAMELOT
Came"lot, n.

Defn: See Camelet. [Obs.]

CAMELRY
Cam"el*ry, n.

Defn: Troops that are mounted on camels.

CAMELSHAIR
Cam"els*hair`, a.

Defn: Of camel's hair. Camel's-hair pencil, a small brush used by
painters in water colors, made of camel's hair or similar materials.
— Camel's-hair shawl. A name often given to a cashmere shawl. See
Cashmere shawl under Cashmere.

CAMEMBERT; CAMEMBERT CHEESE
Ca`mem`bert", n., or Camembert cheese.

Defn: A kind of soft, unpressed cream cheese made in the vicinity of Camembert, near Argentan, France; also, any cheese of the same type, wherever made.

CAMEO
Cam"e*o, n.; pl. Cameos. Etym: [It cammeo; akin to F. camée, camaïeu,
Sp. camafeo, LL. camaeus, camahutus; of unknown origin.]

Defn: A carving in relief, esp. one on a small scale used as a jewel for personal adornment, or like.

Note: Most cameos are carved in a material which has layers of different colors, such stones as the onyx and sardonyx, and various kinds of shells, being used. Cameo conch (Zoöl.), a large, marine, univalve shell, esp. Cassis cameo, C. rua, and allied species, used for cutting cameos. See Quern conch.

CAMERA Cam"e*ra, n.; pl. E. Cameras, L. Camerae. Etym: [L. vault, arch, LL., chamber. See Chamber.]

Defn: A chamber, or instrument having a chamber. Specifically: The camera obscura when used in photography. See Camera, and Camera obscura. Bellows camera. See under Bellows. — In camera (Law), in a judge's chamber, that is, privately; as, a judge hears testimony which is not fit for the open court in camera. — Panoramic, or Pantascopic, camera, a photographic camera in which the lens and sensitized plate revolve so as to expose adjacent parts of the plate successively to the light, which reaches it through a narrow vertical slit; — used in photographing broad landscapes. Abney.

CAMERADE
Came"rade, n.

Defn: See Comrade, [Obs.]

CAMERALISTIC
Cam`e*ra*lis"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to finance and public revenue.

CAMERALISTICS Cam`e*ra*lis"tics, n. Etym: [Cf. F. caméralistique, G. kameralistik, fr. L. camera vault, LL., chamber, treasury.]

Defn: The science of finance or public revenue.

CAMERA LUCIDA Cam"e*ra lu"ci*da. Etym: [L. camera chamber + L. lucidus, lucida, lucid, light.] (Opt.)

Defn: An instrument which by means of a prism of a peculiar form, or an arrangement of mirrors, causes an apparent image of an external object or objects to appear as if projected upon a plane surface, as of paper or canvas, so that the outlines may conveniently traced. It is generally used with the microscope.

CAMERA OBSCURA Cam"e*ra ob*scu"ra. Etym: [LL. camera chamber + L. obscurus, obscura, dark.] (Opt.)

1. An apparatus in which the images of extermal objects, formed by a convex lens or a concave mirror, are thrown on a paper or other white surface placed in the focus of the lens or mirror within a darkened chamber, or box, so that the oulines may be traced.

2. (Photog.)

Defn: An apparatus in which the image of an external object or objects is, by means of lenses. thrown upon a sensitized plate or surface placed at the back or an extensible darkened box or chamber variously modifled; — commonly called simply the camera.

CAMERATE
Cam"er*ate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Camerated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Camerzting.] Etym: [L. cameratus, p. p. of camerare. See Camber.]

1. To build in the form of a vault; to arch over.

2. To divide into chambers.

CAMERATION
Cam`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. cameratio.]

Defn: A vaulting or arching over. [R.]

CAMERLINGO
Ca`mer*lin"go, n. Etym: [It.]

Defn: The papal chamberlain; the cardinal who presides over the pope's household. He has at times possessed great power. [Written also camerlengo and camarlengo.]

CAMERONIAN
Cam`e*ro"ni*an, n.

Defn: A follower of the Rev. Richard Cameron, a Scotch Covenanter of the time of Charies II. Cameron and others refused to accept the "indulgence" offered the Presbyterian clergy, insisted on the Solemn league and Covenant, and in 1680 declared Charles II deposed for tyranny, breach of faith, etc. Cameron was killed at the battle of Airdmoss, but his followers became a denomination (afterwards called Reformed Presbyterians) who refused to recognize laws or institutions which they believed contrary to the kingdom of Christ, but who now avail themselves of political rights.

CAMIS
Cam"is, n. Etym: [See Chemise.]

Defn: A light, loose dress or robe. [Also written camus.] [Obs.]
All in a camis light of purple silk. Spenser.

CAMISADE; CAMISADO Cam`i*sade", Cam`i*sa"do, n. Etym: [F. camisade a night attack; cf. It. camiciata. See Camis.] [Obs.] (Mil.) (a) A shirt worn by soldiers over their uniform, in order to be able to recognize one another in a night attack. (b) An attack by surprise by soldiers wearing the camisado. Give them a camisado in night season. Holinshed.

CAMISARD
Cam"i*sard, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: One of the French Protestant insurgents who rebelled against Louis XIV, after the revocation of the edict of Nates; — so called from the peasant's smock (camise) which they wore.

CAMISATED
Cam"i*sa`ted, a.

Defn: Dressed with a shirt over the other garments.

CAMISOLE
Cam"i*sole, n. Etym: [F. See chemise.]

1. A short dressing jacket for women.

2. A kind of straitjacket.

CAMLET Cam"let, n. Etym: [F. camelot (akin to Sp. camelote, chamelote, It. cambellbito, ciambellotto, LL. camelotum, camelinum, fr. Ar. khamlat camlet, fr. kaml pile, plush. The word was early confused with camel, camel's hair also being used in making it. Cf. Calamanco]

Defn: A woven fabric originally made of camel's hair, now chiefly of goat's hair and silk, or of wool and cotton. [Sometimes written camelot and camblet.]

Note: They have been made plain and twilled, of sigle warp and weft, of double warp, and sometimes with double weft also, with thicker yarn. Beck (Draper's Dict. )

CAMLETED
Cam"let*ed, a.

Defn: Wavy or undulating like camlet; veined. Sir T. Herbert.

CAMMAS
Cam"mas, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Camass.

CAMMOCK
Cam"mock, n. Etym: [AS. cammoc.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant having long hard, crooked roots, the Ononis spinosa; — called also rest-harrow. The Scandix Pecten-Veneris is also called cammock.

CAMOMILE; CHAMOMILE
Cam"o*mile, Cham"o*mile, n.Etym: [LL. camonilla, corrupted fr. Gr.
Humble, and Melon.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of herbs (Anthemis) of the Composite family. The common camomile, A. nobilis, is used as a popular remedy. Its flowers have a strong and fragrant and a bitter, aromatic taste. They are tonic, febrifugal, and in large doses emetic, and the volatile oil is carminative.

CAMONFLET
Ca*mon"flet, n. Etym: [F.] (Mil.)

Defn: A small mine, sometimes formed in the wall or side of an enemy's gallery, to blow in the earth and cut off the retreat of the miners. Farrow.

CAMORRA
Ca*mor"ra, n. [It.]

Defn: A secret organization formed at Naples, Italy, early in the 19th century, and used partly for political ends and partly for practicing extortion, violence, etc. — Ca*mor"rist (#), n.

CAMOUS; CAMOYS Ca"mous, Ca"moys, a. Etym: [F. camus (equiv. to camard) flat-nosed, fr. Celtic Cam croked + suff. -us; akin to L. camur, camurus, croked.]

Defn: Flat; depressed; crooked; — said only of the nose. [Obs.]

CAMOUSED
Ca"moused, (, a. Etym: [From Camouse]

Defn: Depressed; flattened. [Obs.]
Though my nose be cammoused. B. Jonson

CAMOUSLY
Ca"mous*ly, adv.

Defn: Awry. [Obs.] Skelton.

CAMP Camp, n. Etym: [F. camp, It. campo, fr. L. campus plant, fleld; akin to Gr. Campaing, Champ, n.]

1. The ground or spot on which tents, huts, etc., are erected for shelter, as for an army or for lumbermen, etc. Shzk.

2. A collection of tents, huts, etc., for shelter, commonly arranged in an orderly manner. Forming a camp in the neighborhood of Boston. W. Irving.

3. A single hut or shelter; as, a hunter's camp.

4. The company or body of persons encamped, as of soldiers, of surveyors, of lumbermen, etc. The camp broke up with the confusion of a flight. Macaulay.

5. (Agric.)

Defn: A mound of earth in which potatoes and other vegetables are stored for protection against frost; — called also burrow and pie. [Prov. Eng.]

6. Etym: [Cf. OE. & AS. camp contest, battle. See champion.]

Defn: An ancient game of football, played in some parts of England. Halliwell. Camp bedstead, a light bedstead that can be folded up onto a small space for easy transportation. — camp ceiling (Arch.), a kind ceiling often used in attics or garrets, in which the side walls are inclined inward at the top, following the slope of the rafters, to meet the plane surface of the upper ceiling. — Camp chair, a light chair that can be folded up compactly for easy transportation; the seat and back are often made of strips or pieces of carpet. — Camp fever, typhus fever. — Camp follower, a civilian accompanying an army, as a sutler, servant, etc. — Camp meeting, a religious gathering for open-air preaching, held in some retired spot, chiefty by Methodists. It usualy last for several days, during which those present lodge in tents, temporary houses, or cottages. — Camp stool, the same as camp chair, except that the stool has no back. — Flying camp (Mil.), a camp or body of troops formed for rapid motion from one place to another. Farrow. — To pitch (a) camp, to set up the tents or huts of a camp. — To strike camp, to take down the tents or huts of a camp.

CAMP
Camp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Camped; p. pr. & vb n. Camping.]

Defn: To afford rest or lodging for, as an army or travelers. Had our great palace the capacity To camp this host, we all would sup together. Shak.

CAMP
Camp, v. i.

1. To pitch or prepare a camp; to encamp; to lodge in a camp; — often with out. They camped out at night, under the stars. W. Irving.

2. Etym: [See Camp, n., 6]

Defn: To play the game called camp. [Prov. Eng.] Tusser.

CAMPAGNA
Cam*pa"gna, n. Etym: [It. See Campaing.]

Defn: An open level tract of country; especially "Campagna di Roma."
The extensive undulating plain which surrounds Rome.

Note: Its length is commonly stated to be about ninety miles, and its breadth from twenty-seven to forty miles. The ground is almost entirely volcanic, and vapors which arise from the district produce malaria.

CAMPAGNOL
Cam`pa`gnol", n. Etym: [F. , fr. campagne field.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A mouse (Arvicala agrestis), called also meadow mouse, which often does great damage in fields and gardens, by feeding on roots and seeds.

CAMPAIGN
Cam*paign", n. Etym: [F. campagne, It. campagna, fr. L. Campania the
level country about Naples, fr. campus field. See Camp, and cf.
Champaign, Champagne.]

1. An open field; a large, open plain without considerable hills. SeeChampaign. Grath.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: A connected series of military operations forming a distinct stage in a war; the time during which an army keeps the field. Wilhelm.

3. Political operations preceding an election; a canvass. [Cant, U. S.]

4. (Metal.)

Defn: The period during which a blast furnace is continuously in operation.

CAMPAIGN
Cam*paign", v. i.

Defn: To serve in a campaign.

CAMPAIGNER
Cam*paign"er, n.

Defn: One who has served in an army in several campaigns; an old soldier; a veteran.

CAMPANA
Cam*pa"na, n. Etym: [LL. campana bell. Cf. Campanle.]

1. (Eccl.)

Defn: A church bell.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The pasque flower. Drayton.

3. (Doric Arch.)

Defn: Same as Gutta.

CAMPANED
Cam*paned", a. (Her.)

Defn: Furnished with, or bearing, campanes, or bells.

CAMPANERO
Cam`pa*ne"ro, n. Etym: [Sp., a bellman.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The bellbird of South America. See Bellbird.

CAMPANES
Cam*panes", n. pl. Etym: [See Campana.] (Her.)

Defn: Bells. [R.]

CAMPANIA
Cam*pa"ni*a, n. Etym: [See Campaig.]

Defn: Open country. Sir W. Temple.

CAMPANIFORM Cam*pan"i*form, a. Etym: [LL. campana bell + -form: cf. F. companiforme.]

Defn: Bell-shaped.

CAMPANILE
Cam`pa*ni"le, n. Etym: [It. campanile bell tower, steeple, fr. It. &
LL. campana bell.] (Arch.)

Defn: A bell tower, esp. one built separate from a church.
Many of the campaniles od Italy are lofty and magnificent atructures.
Swift.

CAMPANILIFORM
Cam`pa*nil"i*form, a. Etym: [See Campaniform.]

Defn: Bell-shaped; campanulate; campaniform.

CAMPANOLOGIST
Cam`pa*nol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One skilled in campanology; a bell ringer.

CAMPANOLOGY
Cam`pa*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [LL. campana bell _ -logy.]

Defn: The art of ringing bells, or a treatise on the art.

CAMPANULA Cam*pan"u*la, n. Etym: [LL. campanula a little bell; dim. of campana bell.] (Bot.)

Defn: A large genus of plants bearing bell-shaped flowers, often of great beauty; — also called bellflower.

CAMPANULACEOUS
Cam*pan`u*la"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants
(Camponulaceæ) of which Campanula is the type, and which includes the
Canterbury bell, the harebell, and the Venus's looking-glass.

CAMPANULARIAN
Cam*pan`u*la"ri*an, n. Etym: [L. campanula a bell.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A hydroid of the family ampanularidæ, characterized by having the polyps or zooids inclosed in bell-shaped calicles or hydrothecæ.

CAMPANULATE
Cam*pan"u*late, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Bell-shaped.

CAMPBELLITE
Camp"bell*ite, n. Etym: [From Alexander Campbell, of Virginia.]
(Eccl.)

Defn: A member of the denomination called Christians or Disciples of
Christ. They themselves repudiate the term Campbellite as a nickname.
See Christian, 3.

CAMPEACHY WOOD
Cam*peach"y Wood`. Etym: [From the bay of Campeachy, in Mexico.]

Defn: Logwood.

CAMPER
Camp"er, n.

Defn: One who lodges temporarily in a hut or camp.

CAMPESTRAL; CAMPESTRIAN Cam*pes"tral, Cam*pes"tri*an, a. Etym: [L. campester, fr. campus field.]

Defn: Relating to an open fields; drowing in a field; growing in a field, or open ground.

CAMPFIGHT
Camp"fight`, n. Etym: [Cf. Camp, n., 6.] (O. Eng. Law.)

Defn: A duel; the decision of a case by a duel.

CAMPHENE
Cam"phene, n. (Chem.)

Defn: One of a series of substances C10H16, resembling camphor, regarded as modified terpenes.

CAMPHINE
Cam*phine", n. Etym: [From Camphor.]

Defn: Rectified oil of turpentine, used for burning in lamps, and as a common solvent in varnishes.

Note: The name is also applied to a mixture of this substance with three times its volume of alcohol and sometimes a little ether, used as an illuminant.

CAMPHIRE
Cam"phire, n.

Defn: An old spelling of Camphor.

CAMPHOGEN Cam"pho*gen, n. Etym: [Camphor + -gen: — formerly so called as derived from camphor: cf. F. camphogène.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Cymene.

CAMPHOL
Cam"phol, n. Etym: [Camphol + -ol.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Borneol.

CAMPHOR Cam"phor, n. Etym: [OE. camfere, F. camphre (cf. It. camfara, Sp. camfara, alcanfor, LL. camfora, camphara, NGr. kafur, prob. fr. Skr. karpura.]

1. A tough, white, aromatic resin, or gum, obtained from different species of the Laurus family, esp. from Cinnamomum camphara (the Laurus camphara of Linnæus.). Camphor, C10H16O, is volatile and fragrant, and is used in medicine as a diaphoretic, a stimulant, or sedative.

2. A gum resembing ordinary camphor, obtained from a tree (Dryobalanops camphora) growing in Sumatra and Borneo; — called also Malay camphor, camphor of Borneo, or borneol. See Borneol.

Note: The name camphor is also applied to a number of bodies of similar appearance and properties, as cedar camphor, obtained from the red or pencil cedar (Juniperus Virginiana), and peppermint camphor, or menthol, obtained from the oil of peppermint. Camphor oil (Chem.), name variously given to certain oil-like products, obtained especially from the camphor tree. — Camphor tree, a large evergreen tree (Cinnamomum Camphora) with lax, smooth branches and shining triple-nerved lanceolate leaves, probably native in China, but now cultivated in most warm countries. Camphor is collected by a process of steaming the chips of the wood and subliming the product.

CAMPHOR
Cam"phor, v. t.

Defn: To impregnate or wash with camphor; to camphorate. [R.] Tatler.

CAMPHORACEOUS
Cam`pho*ra"ceous, a.

Defn: Of the nature of camphor; containing camphor. Dunglison.

CAMPHORATE
Cam"phor*ate, v. t.

Defn: To impregnate or treat with camphor.

CAMPHORATE
Cam"phor*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. camphorate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of camphoric acid.

CAMPHORATE; CAMPORATED
Cam"phor*ate, Cam"por*a`ted,

Defn: Combined or impregnated with camphor. Camphorated oil, an oleaginous preparation containing camphor, much used as an embrocation.

CAMPHORIC
Cam*phor"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. camphorique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, camphor. Camphoric acid, a white crystallizable substance, C10H16O4, obtained from the oxidation of camphor.

Note: Other acid of camphor are campholic acid, C10H18O2, and camphoronic acid, C9H12O5, white crystallizable substances.

CAMPHRETIC
Cam*phret"ic, a. Etym: [rom Camphor.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from camphor. [R.]

CAMPING
Camp"ing, n.

1. Lodging in a camp.

2. Etym: [See Camp, n., 6]

Defn: A game of football. [Prov. Eng.]

CAMPION
Cam"pi*on, n. Etym: [Prob. fr. L. campus field.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the Pink family (Cucubalus bacciferus), bearing berries regarded as poisonous. Bladder campion, a plant of the Pink family (Cucubalus Behen or Silene inflata), having a much inflated calyx. See Behen. — Rose campion, a garden plant (Lychnis coronaria) with handsome crimsome crimson flowers.

CAMPUS
Cam"pus, n. Etym: [L., a field.]

Defn: The principal grounds of a college or school, between the buildings or within the main inclosure; as, the college campus.

CAMPYLOSPERMOUS
Cam`py*lo*sper"mous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having seeds grooved lengthwise on the inner face, as in sweet cicely.

CAMPYLOTROPOUS
Cam`py*lot"ro*pous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the ovules and seeds so curved, or bent down upon themselves, that the ends of the embryo are brought close together.

CAMUS
Cam"us, n.

Defn: See Camis. [Obs.]

CAMWOOD
Cam"wood, n.

Defn: See Barwood.

CAN
Can,

Defn: an obs. form of began, imp. & p. p. of Begin, sometimes used in old poetry.

Note: [See Gan.]
With gentle words he can faile gree. Spenser.

CAN Can, n. Etym: [OE. & AS. canne; akin to D. Kan, G. Kanne, OHG. channa, Sw. Kanna, Dan. kande.]

1. A drinking cup; a vessel for holding liquids. [Shak. ] Fill the cup and fill can, Have a rouse before the morn. Tennyson.

2. A vessel or case of tinned iron or of sheet metal, of various forms, but usually cylindrical; as, a can of tomatoes; an oil can; a milk can.

Note: A can may be a cylinder open at the top, as for receiving the sliver from a carding machine, or with a removable cover or stopper, as for holding tea, spices, milk, oysters, etc., or with handle and spout, as for holding oil, or hermetically sealed, in canning meats, fruits, etc. The name is also sometimes given to the small glass or earthenware jar used in canning.

CAN
Can, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Canned; p. pr. &vb. n. Canning.]

Defn: To preserve by putting in sealed cans [U. S.] "Canned meats" W. D. Howells. Canned goods, a general name for fruit, vegetables, meat, or fish, preserved in hermetically sealed cans.

CAN
Can, v. t. & i.

Note: [The transitive use is obsolete.] [imp. Could.] Etym: [OE. cunnen, cannen (1st sing. pres. I can), to know, know how, be able, AS. cunnan, 1st sing. pres. ic cann or can, pl. cunnon, 1st sing. imp. cu\'ebe (for cunthe); p. p. cu\'eb (for cunth); akin to OS. Kunnan, D. Kunnen, OHG. chunnan, G. können, Icel. kunna, Goth. Kunnan, and E. ken to know. The present tense I can (AS. ic cann) was originally a preterit, meaning I have known or Learned, and hence I know, know how. *45. See Ken, Know; cf. Con, Cunning, Uncouth.]

1. To know; to understand. [Obs.]
I can rimes of Rodin Hood. Piers Plowman.
I can no Latin, quod she. Piers Plowman.
Let the priest in surplice white, That defunctive music can. Shak.

2. To be able to do; to have power or influence. [Obs.]
The will of Him who all things can. Milton.
For what, alas, can these my single arms Shak.
Mæcænas and Agrippa, who can most with Cæsar. Beau. & Fl.

3. To be able; — followed by an infinitive without to; as, I can go, but do not wish to.

Syn. — Can but, Can not but. It is an error to use the former of these phrases where the sens requires the latter. If we say, "I can but perish if I go," "But" means only, and denotes that this is all or the worst that can happen. When the apostle Peter said. "We can not but speak of the things which we have seen and heard." he referred to a moral constraint or necessety which rested upon him and his associates; and the meaning was, We cannot help speaking, We cannot refrain from speaking. This idea of a moral necessity or constraint is of frequent occurrence, and is also expressed in the phrase, "I can not help it." Thus we say. "I can not but hope," "I can not but believe," "I can not but think," "I can not but remark," etc., in cases in which it would be an error to use the phrase can but. Yet he could not but acknowledge to himself that there was something calculated to impress awe, . . . in the sudden appearances and vanishings . . . of the masque De Quincey. Tom felt that this was a rebuff for him, and could not but understand it as a left-handed hit at his employer. Dickens.

CANAANITE
Ca"naan*ite, n.

1. A descendant of Canaan, the son of Ham, and grandson of Noah.

2. A Native or inbabitant of the land of Canaan, esp. a member of any of the tribes who inhabited Canaan at the time of the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt.

CANAANITE
Ca"naan*ite, n. Etym: [From an Aramaic word signifying "zeal."]

Defn: A zealot. "Simon the Canaanite." Matt. x. 4.

Note: This was the "Simon called Zelotes" (Luke vi. 15), i.e., Simon the zealot. Kitto.

CANAANITISH
Ca"naan*i`tish, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Canaan or the Canaanites.

CANADA; CANYADA
Ca*ña"da, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: A small cañon; a narrow valley or glen; also, but less frequently, an open valley. [Local, Western U. S.]

CANADA
Can"a*da, n.

Defn: A British province in North America, giving its name to various
plants and animals. Canada balsam. See under Balsam.
— Canada goose. (Zoöl.) See Whisky Jack.
— Canada lynx. (Zoöl.) See Lynx.
— Canada porcupine (Zoöl.) See Porcupine, and Urson.
— Canada rice (Bot.) See under Rick.
— Canada robin (Zoöl.), the cedar bird.

CANADIAN
Ca*na"di*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Canada.
— n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Canada. Canadian period (Geol.), A subdivision of the American Lower Silurian system embracing the calciferous, Quebec, and Chazy epochs. This period immediately follows the primordial or Cambrian period, and is by many geologists regarded as the beginning of the Silurian age, See the Diagram, under Geology.

CANAILLE Ca*naille", n. Etym: [F. canaille (cf. It. canaglia), prop. and orig. a pack of dogs, fr. L. Canis dog.]

1. The lowest class of people; the rabble; the vulgar.

2. Shorts or inferior flour. [Canadian]

CANAKIN
Can"a*kin, n. Etym: [Dim. of can.]

Defn: A little can or cup. "And let me the canakin clink." Shak.

CANAL
Ca*nal", n. Etym: [F. canal, from L. canalis canal, channel; prob.
from a root signifying "to cut"; cf. D. kanaal, fr. the French. Cf.
Channel, Kennel gutter.]

1. An artificial channel filled with water and designed for navigation, or for irrigating land, etc.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A tube or duct; as, the alimentary canal; the semicircular canals of the ear. Canal boat, a boat for use on a canal; esp. one of peculiar shape, carrying freight, and drawn by horses walking on the towpath beside the canal. Canal lock. See Lock.

CANAL COAL
Can"al coal`.

Defn: See Cannel coal.

CANALICULATE; CANALICULATED Can`a*lic"u*late, Can`a*lic"u*la`ted, a. Etym: [L. canaliculatus channeled, fr. canaliculus, dim. of canalis. See Canal.]

Defn: Having a channel or groove, as in the leafstalks of most palms.

CANALICULUS
Can`a*lic"u*lus, n.; pl. Canaliculi. Etym: [L.] (Anat.)

Defn: A minute canal.

CANALIZATION
Ca*nal`i*za"tion, n.

Defn: Construction of, or furnishing with, a canal or canals. [R.]

CANAPE
Ca`na`pé", n. [F., orig. a couch with mosquito curtains. See Canopy.]

1. A sofa or divan.

2. (Cookery) A slice or piece of bread fried in butter or oil, on which anchovies, mushrooms, etc., are served.

CANAPE CONFIDENT
Ca`na`pé" con`fi`dent".

Defn: A sofa having a seat at each end at right angles to the main seats.

CANARD
Ca*nard", n. Etym: [F., properly, a duck.]

Defn: An extravagant or absurd report or story; a fabricated sensational report or statement; esp. one set afloat in the newspapers to hoax the public.

CANARESE
Can`a*rese", a.

Defn: Pertaining to Canara, a district of British India.

CANARY Ca*na"ry, a. Etym: [F. Canarie, L. Canaria insula one of the Canary islands, said to be so called from its large dogs, fr. canis dog.]

1. Of or pertaining to the Canary Islands; as, canary wine; canary birds.

2. Of a pale yellowish color; as, Canary stone. Canary grass, a grass of the genus Phalaris (P. Canariensis), producing the seed used as food for canary birds. — Canary stone (Min.), a yellow species of carnelian, named from its resemblance in color to the plumage of the canary bird. — Canary wood, the beautiful wood of the trees Persea Indica and P. Canariensis, natives of Madeira and the Canary Islands. — Canary vine. See Canary bird flower, under Canary bird.

CANARY
Ca*na"ry, n.; pl. Canaries.

1. Wine made in the Canary Islands; sack. "A cup of canary." Shak.

2. A canary bird.

3. A pale yellow color, like that of a canary bird.

4. A quick and lively dance. [Obs.] Make you dance canary With sprightly fire and motion. Shak.

CANARY
Ca*na"ry, v. i.

Defn: To perform the canary dance; to move nimbly; to caper. [Obs.]
But to jig of a tune at the tongue's end, canary to it with your
feet. Shak.
CANARY BIRD
Ca*na"ry bird`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small singing bird of the Finch family (Serinus Canarius), a native of the Canary Islands. It was brought to Europe in the 16th century, and made a household pet. It generally has a yellowish body with the wings and tail greenish, but in its wild state it is more frequently of gray or brown color. It is sometimes called canary finch.canary.

Canary bird flower (Bot.), a climbing plant (Tropæolum peregrinum) with canary-colored flowers of peculiar form; — called also canary vine.

CANASTER Ca*nas"ter, n. Etym: [Sp. canasta, canastro, basket, fr. L. canistrum. See Canister.]

Defn: A kind of tobacco for smoking, made of the dried leaves, coarsely broken; — so called from the rush baskets in which it is packed in South America. McElrath.

CAN BUOY
Can" buoy`.

Defn: See under Buoy, n.

CANCAN
Can"can, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A rollicking French dance, accompanied by indecorous or extravagant postures and gestures.

CANCEL Can"cel, v. i. [Imp. & p. p. Canceled or Cancelled (; p. pr. & vb. n. Canceling or Cancelling.] Etym: [L. cancellare to make like a lattice, to strike or cross out (cf. Fr. canceller, OF. canceler) fr. cancelli lattice, crossbars, dim. of cancer lattice; cf. Gr. Chancel.]

1. To inclose or surround, as with a railing, or with latticework. [Obs.] A little obscure place canceled in with iron work is the pillar or stump at which . . . our Savior was scourged. Evelyn.

2. To shut out, as with a railing or with latticework; to exclude. [Obs.] "Canceled from heaven." Milton.

3. To cross and deface, as the lines of a writing, or as a word or figure; to mark out by a cross line; to blot out or obliterate. A deed may be avoided by delivering it up to be cancelled; that is, to have lines drawn over it in the form of latticework or cancelli; the phrase is now used figuratively for any manner of obliterating or defacing it. Blackstone.

4. To annul or destroy; to revoke or recall. The indentures were canceled. Thackeray. He was unwilling to cancel the interest created through former secret services, by being refractory on this occasion. Sir W. Scott.

5. (Print.)

Defn: To suppress or omit; to strike out, as matter in type. Canceled figures (Print), figures cast with a line across the face., as for use in arithmetics.

Syn.
— To blot out; Obliterate; deface; erase; efface; expunge; annul;
abolish; revoke; abrogate; repeal; destroy; do away; set aside. See
Abolish.

CANCEL
Can"cel, n. Etym: [See Cancel, v. i., and cf. Chancel.]

1. An inclosure; a boundary; a limit. [Obs.] A prison is but a retirement, and opportunity of serious thoughts, to a person whose spirit . . . desires no enlargement beyond the cancels of the body. Jer. Taylor.

2. (Print) (a) The suppression on striking out of matter in type, or of a printed page or pages. (b) The part thus suppressed.

CANCELIER Can`cel*ier", v. i. Etym: [F. chanceler, OF. canseler, to waver, orig. to cross the legs so as not to fall; from the same word as E. cancel.] (Falconry)

Defn: To turn in flight; — said of a hawk. [Obs.] Nares.
He makes his stoop; but wanting breath, is forced To cancelier.
Massinger.

CANCELIER; CANCELEER
Can`cel*ier", Can"cel*eer, n. (Falconry)

Defn: The turn of a hawk upon the wing to recover herself, when she misses her aim in the stoop. [Obs.] The fierce and eager hawks, down thrilling from the skies, Make sundry canceliers are they the fowl can reach. Drayton.

CANCELLAREAN
Can`cel*la"re*an, a.

Defn: Cancellarean. [R.]

CANCELLATE
Can"cel*late, a. Etym: [L. cancellatus, p. p. of cancellare, See
Cancel, v. t.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Consisting of a network of veins, without intermediate parenchyma, as the leaves of certain plant; latticelike.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the surface coveres with raised lines, crossing at right angles.

CANCELLATED
Can"cel*la`ted, a.

1. Crossbarres; marked with cross lines. Grew.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Open or spongy, as some porous bones.

CANCELLATION
Can`cel*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. cancellatio: cf. F. cancellation.]

1. The act, process, or result of canceling; as, the cansellation of certain words in a contract, or of the contract itself.

2. (Math.)

Defn: The operation of striking out common factora, in both the dividend and divisor.

CANCELLI
Can*cel"li, n. pl. Etym: [L., a lattice. See Cancel, v. t.]

1. An interwoven or latticed wall or inclosure; latticework, rails, or crossbars, as around the bar of a court of justice, between the chancel and the have of a church, or in a window.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The interlacing osseous plates constituting the elastic porous tissue of certain parts of the bones, esp. in their articular extremities.

CANCELLOUS
Can"cel*lous, a. Etym: [Cf. L. cancellosus covered with bars.]
(Anat.)

Defn: Having a spongy or porous stracture; made up of cancelli; cancellated; as, the cancellous texture of parts of many bones.

CANCER Can"cer, n. Etym: [L. cancer, cancri, crab, ulcer, a sign of the zodiac; akin to Gr. karka crab, and prob. Skr. karkara hard, the crab being named from its hard shell. Cf. Canner, Chancre.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of decapod Crustacea, including some of the most common shore crabs of Europe and North America, as the rock crab, Jonah crab, etc. See Crab.

2. (Astron.) (a) The fourth of the twelve signs of the zodiac. The first point is the northern limit of the sun's course in summer; hence, the sign of the summer solstice. See Tropic. (b) A northern constellation between Gemini and Leo.

3. (Med.)

Defn: Formerly, any malignant growth, esp. one attended with great pain and ulceration, with cachexia and progressive emaciation. It was so called, perhaps, from the great veins which surround it, compared by the ancients to the claws of a crab. The term it now restricted to such a growth made up of aggregations of epithelial cells, either without support or embedded in the meshes of a trabecular framework.

Note: Four kinds of cancers are recognized: (1) Epithelial cancer, or Epithelioma, in which there is no trabecular framework. See Epithelioma. (2) Scirrhous cancer, or Hard cancer, in which the framework predominates, and the tumor is of hard consistence and slow growth. (3) Encephaloid, Medullary, or Soft cancer, in which the cellular element predominates, and the tumor is soft, grows rapidy, and often ulcerates. (4) Colloid cancer, in which the cancerous structure becomes gelatinous. The last three varieties are also called carcinoma. Cancer cells, cells once believed to be peculiar to cancers, but now know to be epithelial cells differing in no respect from those found elsewhere in the body, and distinguished only by peculiarity of location and grouping. — Cancer root (Bot.), the name of several low plants, mostly parasitic on roots, as the beech drops, the squawroot, etc. — Tropic of Cancer. See Tropic.

CANCERATE Can"cer*ate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cancerated.] Etym: [LL. canceratus eaten by a cancer. See Cancer.]

Defn: To grow into a canser; to become cancerous. Boyle.

CANCERATION
Can`cer*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act or state of becoming cancerous or growing into a cancer.

CANCERITE
Can"cer*ite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. cancéreux.]

Defn: Like a cancer; having the qualities or virulence of a cancer;
affected with cancer. "Cancerous vices." G. Eliot.
— Can"cer*ous*ly, adv.
— Can"cer*ous*ness, n.

CANCEROUS
Can"cer*ous, a. [Cf. F. cancéreux]

Defn: Like a cancer; having the qualities or virulence of a cancer; affected with cancer. "cancerous vices" G. Eliot. [1913 Webster]

— Can"cer*ous*ly, adv. —Can"cer*ous*ness, n.

CANCRIFORM
Can"cri*form, a. Etym: [Cancer + -form; cf. F. cancriforme.]

1. Having the form of, or resembling, a crab; crab-shaped.

2. Like a cancer; cancerous.

CANCRINE
Can"crine, a. Etym: [From Cancer.]

Defn: Having the qualities of a crab; crablike.

CANCRINITE Can"cri*nite, n. Etym: [Named after Count Cancrin, a minister of finance in Russia.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral occurring in hexagonal crystals, also massive, generally of a yellow color, containing silica, alumina, lime, soda, and carbon dioxide.

CANCROID
Can"croid, a. Etym: [Cancer + oid.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling a crab; pertaining to the Cancroidea, one of the families of crabs, including the genus Cancer.

2. Like a cancer; as, a cancroid tumor.

CAND
Cand, n.

Defn: Fluor spar. See Kand.

CANDELABRUM Can`de*la"brum n.; pl. L. Candelabra, E. Candelabrums. Etym: [L., fr. candela candle. See candle.]

1. (Antiq.) (a) A lamp stand of any sort. (b) A highly ornamented stand of marble or other ponderous material, usually having three feet, — frequently a votive offering to a temple.

2. A large candlestick, having several branches.

CANDENT
Can`dent, a. Etym: [L. candens, p. pr. of candëre to glitter. See
Candid.]

Defn: Heated to whiteness; glowing with heat. "A candent vessel."
Boyle.

CANDEROS
Can"de*ros, n.

Defn: An East Indian resin, of a pellucid white color, from which small ornaments and toys are sometimes made.

CANDESCENCE
Can*des"cence, n.

Defn: See Inclandescence.

CANDESCENT Can*des"cent, a. [L. candescens, -entis, p. pr. of candescere, v. incho. fr. candere to shine.]

Defn: Glowing; luminous; incandescent.

CANDICANT Can"di*cant, a. Etym: [L. candicans, p. pr. of candicare to be whitish.]

Defn: Growing white. [Obs.]

CANDID Can*did, a. Etym: [F. candide (cf. It. candido), L. candidus white, fr. candëre to be of a glowing white; akin to accend, incend, to set on fire, Skr. chand to shane. Cf. Candle, Incense.]

1. White. [Obs.] The box receives all black; but poured from thence, The stones came candid forth, the hue of innocence. Dryden.

2. Free from undue bias; disposed to think and judge according to truth and justice, or without partiality or prejudice; fair; just; impartial; as, a candid opinion. "Candid and dispassionate men." W. Irving.

3. Open; frank; ingenuous; outspoken.

Syn. — Fair; open; ingenuous; impartial; just; frank; artless; unbiased; equitable. — Candid, Fair, Open, Frank, Ingenuous. A man is fair when he puts things on a just or equitable footing; he is candid when be looks impartially on both sides of a subject, doing justice especially to the motives and conduct of an opponent; he is open and frank when he declares his sentiments without reserve; he is ingenuous when he does this from a noble regard for truth. Fair dealing; candid investigation; an open temper; a frank disposition; an ingenuous answer or declaration.

CANDIDACY
Can"di*da*cy, n.

Defn: The position of a candidate; state of being a candidate; candidateship.

CANDIDATE Can"di*date, n. Etym: [L. Candidatus, n. (because candidates for office in Rome were clothed in a white toga.) fr. candidatus clothed in white, fr. candiduslittering, white: cf. F. candidat.]

Defn: One who offers himself, or is put forward by others, as a suitable person or an aspirant or contestant for an office, privilege, or honor; as, a candidate for the office of governor; a candidate for holy orders; a candidate for scholastic honors.

CANDIDATESHIP
Can"di*date*ship, n.

Defn: Candidacy.

CANDIDATING
Can"di*da`ting, n.

Defn: The taking of the position of a candidate; specifically, the preaching of a clergyman with a view to settlement. [Cant, U. S.]

CANDIDATURE
Can"di*da*ture, n.

Defn: Candidacy.

CANDIDLY
Can"did*ly, adv.

Defn: In a candid manner.

CANDIDNESS
Can"did*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being candid.

CANDIED
Can"died, a. Etym: [From 1st Candy.]

1. Preserved in or with sugar; incrusted with a candylike substance; as, candied fruits.

2. (a) Converted wholly or partially into sugar or candy; as candied sirup. (b) Conted or more or less with sugar; as, candidied raisins. (c) Figuratively; Honeyed; sweet; flattering. Let the candied tongue lick absurd pomp. Shak.

3. Covered or incrusted with that which resembles sugar or candy. Will the cold brook, Candiedwith ice, caudle thy morning tast Shak.

CANDIFY Can"di*fy, v. t. or v. i. Etym: [L. candificare; candëre to be white + -facere to make.]

Defn: To make or become white, or candied. [R.]

CANDIOT
Can"di*ot, a. Etym: [Cf. F. candiote.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Candia; Cretary.

CANDITE
Can"dite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A variety of spinel, of a dark color, found at Candy, in
Ceylon.

CANDLE
Can"dle, n. Etym: [OE. candel, candel, AS, candel, fr. L. candela a
(white) light made of wax or tallow, fr. candëre to be white. See
Candid, and cf. Chandler, Cannel, Kindle.]

1. A slender, cylindrical body of tallow, containing a wick composed of loosely twisted linen of cotton threads, and used to furnish light. How far that little candle throws his beams! So shines a good deed in a naughty world. Shak.

Note: Candles are usually made by repeatedly dipping the wicks in the melted tallow, etc. ("dipped candles"), or by casting or running in a mold.

2. That which gives light; a luminary. By these blessed candles of the night. Shak. Candle nut, the fruit of a euphorbiaceous shrub (Aleurites triloba), a native of some of the Pacific islands; — socalled because, when dry, it will burn with a bright flame, and is used by the natives as a candle. The oil has many uses. — Candle power (Photom.), illuminating power, as of a lamp, or gas flame, reckoned in terms of the light of a standard candle. Electric candle, A modification of the electric arc lamp, in which the carbon rods, instead of being placed end to end, are arranged side by side, and at a distance suitable for the formation of the arc at the tip; - - called also, from the name of the inventor, Jablockoff candle. — Excommunication by inch of candle, a form of excommunication in which the offender is allowed time to repent only while a candle burns. — Not worth the candle, not worth the cost or trouble. — Rush candle, a candle made of the pith of certain rushes, peeled except on one side, and dipped in grease. — Sale by inch of candle, an auction in which persons are allowed to bid only till a small piece of candle burns out. — Standard candle (Photom.), a special form of candle employed as a standard in photometric measurements; usually, a candle of spermaceti so constructed as to burn at the rate of 120 grains, or 7.8 grams, per hour. — To curse by bell, book and candle. See under Bell.

CANDLEBERRY TREE
Can"dle*ber`ry tree. (Bot.)

Defn: A shrub (the Myrica cerifera, or wax-bearing myrtle), common in North America, the little nuts of which are covered with a greenish white wax, which was formerly, used for hardening candles; — also called bayberry tree, bayberry, or candleberry.

CANDLEBOMB
Can"dle*bomb`, n.

1. A small glass bubble, filled with water, which, if placed in the flame of a candle, bursts by expansion of steam.

2. A pasteboard shell used in signaling. It is filled with a composition which makes a brilliant light when it explodes. Farrow.

CANDLE COAL
Can"dle coal`.

Defn: See Cannel coal.

CANDLEFISH Can"dle*fish`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) A marine fish (Thaleichthys Pacificus), allied to the smelt, found on the north Pacific coast; — called also eulachon. It is so oily that, when dried, it may be used as a candle, by drawing a wick through it. (b) The beshow.

CANDLE FOOT
Candle foot. (Photom.)

Defn: The illumination produced by a British standard candle at a distance of one foot; —used as a unit of illumination.

CANDLEHOLDER
Can"dle*hold`er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, holds a candle; also, one who assists another, but is otherwise not of importance. Shak.

CANDLELIGHT
Can"dle*light`, n.

Defn: The light of a candle.
Never went by candlelight to bed. Dryden.

CANDLEMAS
Can"dle*mas, n. Etym: [AS. candelmæsse, candel candle _ mæsse mass.]

Defn: The second day of February, on which is celebrated the feast of the Purification of the Virgin Mary; — so called because the candles for the altar or other sacred uses are blessed on that day.

CANDLE METER
Candle meter. (Photom.)

Defn: The illumination given by a standard candle at a distance of one meter; — used as a unit of illumination, except in Great Britain.

CANDLENUT
Can"dle*nut`, n.

1. The fruit of a euphorbiaceous tree or shrub (Aleurites moluccana), native of some of the Pacific islands. It is used by the natives as a candle. The oil from the nut ( candlenut, or kekune, oil) has many uses.

2. The tree itself.

CANDLEPIN Can`dle*pin`, n. (Tenpins) (a) A form of pin slender and nearly straight like a candle. (b) The game played with such pins; — in form candlepins, used as a singular.

CANDLE POWER
Candle power. (Photom.)

Defn: Illuminating power, as of a lamp, or gas flame, reckoned in terms of the light of a standard candle.

CANDLESTICK Can"dle*stick`, n. Etym: [AS. candel-sticca; candel candle + sticca stick.]

Defn: An instrument or utensil for supporting a candle.

CANDLEWASTER
Can"dle*wast`er, n.

Defn: One who consumes candles by being up late for study or
dissipation.
A bookworm, a candlewaster. B. Jonson.

CANDOCK Can"dock n. Etym: [Prob. fr. can + dock (the plant). Cf. G. kannenkraut horsetail, lit. "canweed."] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant or weed that grows in rivers; a species of of
Equisetum; also, the yellow frog lily (Nuphar luteum).

CANDOR Can"dor, n. [Written also candour.] Etym: [L. candor, fr. candëre; cf. F. candeur. See candid.]

1. Whiteness; brightness; (as applied to moral conditions) usullied purity; innocence. [Obs.] Nor yor unquestioned integrity Shall e'er be sullied with one taint or spot That may take from your innocence and candor. Massinger.

2. A disposition to treat subjects with fairness; freedom from prejudice or disguise; frankness; sincerity. Attribute superior sagacity and candor to those who held that side of the question. Whewell.

CANDROY
Can"droy, n.

Defn: A machine for spreading out cotton cloths to prepare them for printing.

CANDY
Can"dy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Candied; p. pr & vb. n. Candying.] Etym:
[F. candir (cf. It. candire, Sp. azúcar cande or candi), fr. Ar. &
Pers. qand, fr. Skr. Khan\'c8da piece, sugar in pieces or lumps, fr.
khan\'c8, khad to break.]

1. To conserve or boil in sugar; as, to candy fruits; to candy ginger.

2. To make sugar crystals of or in; to form into a mass resembling candy; as, to candy sirup.

3. To incrust with sugar or with candy, or with that which resembles sugar or candy. Those frosts that winter brings Which candy every green. Drayson.

CANDY
Can"dy, v. i.

1. To have sugar crystals form in or on; as, fruits preserved in sugar candy after a time.

2. To be formed into candy; to solidify in a candylike form or mass.

CANDY
Can"dy n. Etym: [F. candi. See Candy, v. t.]

Defn: A more or less solid article of confectionery made by boiling sugar or molasses to the desired consistency, and than crystallizing, molding, or working in the required shape. It is often flavored or colored, and sometimes contains fruit, nuts, etc.

CANDY
Candy, n. Etym: [Mahratta khan\'c8i, Tamil kan\'c8i.]

Defn: A weight, at Madras 500 pounds, at Bombay 560 pounds.

CANDYTUFT
Can"dy*tuft`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An annual plant of the genus Iberis, cultivated in gardens. The name was originally given to the I. umbellata, first, discovered in the island of Candia.

CANE
Cane, n. Etym: [OE. cane, canne, OF. cane, F. canne, L. canna, fr.
Gr. qaneh reed. Cf. Canister, canon, 1st Cannon.]

1. (Bot.) (a) A name given to several peculiar palms, species of Calamus and Dæmanorops, having very long, smooth flexible stems, commonly called rattans. (b) Any plant with long, hard, elastic stems, as reeds and bamboos of many kinds; also, the sugar cane. (c) Stems of other plants are sometimes called canes; as, the canes of a raspberry. Like light canes, that first rise big and brave. B. Jonson.

Note: In the Southern United States great cane is the Arundinaria macrosperma, and small cane is. A. tecta.

2. A walking stick; a staff; — so called because originally made of one the species of cane. Stir the fire with your master's cane. Swift.

3. A lance or dart made of cane. [R.] Judgelike thou sitt'st, to praise or to arraign The flying skirmish of the darted cane. Dryden.

4. A local European measure of length. See Canna. Cane borer (Zoö.), A beetle (Oberea bimaculata) which, in the larval state, bores into pith and destroy the canes or stalks of the raspberry, blackberry, etc. — Cane mill, a mill for grinding sugar canes, for the manufacture of sugar. — Cane trash, the crushed stalks and other refuse of sugar cane, used for fuel, etc.

CANE
Cane, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Caned; p. pr. & vb. n. Caning.]

1. To beat with a cane. Macaulay.

2. To make or furnish with cane or rattan; as, to cane chairs.

CANEBRAKE
Cane"brake, n.

Defn: A thicket of canes. Ellicott.

CANED
Caned, a. Etym: [Cf. L. canus white.]

Defn: Filled with white flakes; mothery; — said vinegar when containing mother. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

CANELLA Ca*nel"la, n. Etym: [LL. (OE. canel, canelle, cinnamon, fr. F. cannelle), Dim. of L. canna a reed. Canella is so called from the shape of the rolls of prepared bark. See Cane.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of trees of the order Canellaceæ, growing in the West
Indies.

Note: The principal species is Canella alba, and its bark is a spice and drug exported under the names of wild cinnamon and whitewood bark.

CANESCENT Ca*nes"cent, a. Etym: [L. canescens, p. pr. of canescere, v. inchoative of canere to be white.]

Defn: Growing white, or assuming a color approaching to white.

CANGUE Cangue (kang), n. [Written also cang.] [F. cangue, fr. Pg. canga yoke.]

Defn: A very broad and heavy wooden collar which certain offenders in
China are compelled to wear as a punishment.

CAN HOOK
Can" hook`.

Defn: A device consisting of a short rope with flat hooks at each end, for hoisting casks or barrels by the ends of the staves.

CANICULA; CANNICULA Ca*nic"u*la, Can*nic"u*la, n. Etym: [L. canicula, lit., a little dog, a dim of canis dog; cf. F. canicule.] (Astron.)

Defn: The Dog Star; Sirius.

CANICULAR
Ca*nic"u*lar, a. Etym: [L. canicularis; cf. F. caniculaire.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or measured, by the rising of the Dog Star.
Canicular days, the dog days, See Dog days.
— Canicular year, the Egyptian year, computed from one heliacal
rising of the Dog Star to another.

CANICULE
Can"i*cule, n.

Defn: Canicula. Addison.

CANINAL
Ca*ni"nal, a.

Defn: See Canine, a.

CANINE
Ca*nine", a. Etym: [L. caninus, fr. canis dog: cf. F. canin. See
Hound.]

1. Of or pertaining to the family Canidæ, or dogs and wolves; having the nature or qualities of a dog; like that or those of a dog.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pointed tooth on each side the incisors. Canine appetite, a morbidly voracious appetite; bulimia. — Canine letter, the letter r. See R. — Canine madness, hydrophobia. — Canine toth, a toth situated between the incisor and bicuspid teeth, so called because well developen in dogs; usually, the third tooth from the front on each side of each jaw; an eyetooth, or the corresponding tooth in the lower jaw.

CANINE
Ca*nine", n. (Anat.)

Defn: A canine tooth.

CANIS
Ca"nis, n.; pl. Canes 3. Etym: [L., a dog.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of carnivorous mammals, of the family Canidæ, including the dogs and wolves. Canis major Etym: [L., larger dog], a constellation to the southeast of Orion, containing Sirius or the Dog Star. — Canis minor Etym: [L., smaller dog], a constellation to the east of Orion, containing Procyon, a star of the first magnitude.

CANISTER Can"is*ter, n. Etym: [L. canistrum a basket woven from reeds Gr. canistre. See Cane, and Canaster.]

1. A small basket of rushes, or wilow twigs, etc.

2. A small box or case for holding tea, coffee, etc.

3. (Mil.)

Defn: A kind of case shot for cannon, in which a number of lead or iron balls in layers are inclosed in a case fitting the gun; — called also canister shot,

CANKER
Can"ker, n. Etym: [OE. canker, cancre, AS. cancer (akin to D. kanker,
OHG chanchar.), fr. L. cancer a cancer; or if a native word, cf. Gr.
cancre, F. chancere, fr. L. cancer. See cancer, and cf. Chancre.]

1. A corroding or sloughing ulcer; esp. a spreading gangrenous ulcer or collection of ulcers in or about the mouth; — called also water canker, canker of the mouth, and noma.

2. Anything which corrodes, corrupts, or destroy. The cankers of envy and faction. Temple.

3. (Hort.)

Defn: A disease incident to trees, causing the bark to rot and fall off.

4. (Far.)

Defn: An obstinate and often incurable disease of a horse's foot, characterized by separation of the horny portion and the development of fungoid growths; — usually resulting from neglected thrush.

5. A kind of wild, worthless rose; the dog-rose. To put down Richard, that sweet lovely rose. And plant this thorm, this canker, Bolingbroke. Shak. Black canker. See under Black.

CANKER
Can"ker, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cankered; p. pr. & vb. n. Cankering.]

1. To affect as a canker; to eat away; to corrode; to consune. No lapse of moons can canker Love. Tennyson.

2. To infect or pollute; to corrupt. Addison. A tithe purloined canker the whole estate. Herbert.

CANKER
Can"ker, v. i.

1. To waste away, grow rusty, or be oxidized, as a mineral. [Obs.] Silvering will sully and canker more than gliding. Bacom.

2. To be or become diseased, or as if diseased, with canker; to grow corrupt; to become venomous. Deceit and cankered malice. Dryden. As with age his body uglier grows, So his mind cankers. Shak.

CANKER-BIT
Can"ker-bit`, a.

Defn: Eaten out by canker, or as by canker. [Obs.]

CANKER BLOOM
Can"ker bloom`.

Defn: The bloom or blossom of the wild rose or dog-rose.

CANKER BLOSSOM
Can"ker blos`som.

Defn: That which blasts a blossom as a canker does. [Obs.]
O me! you juggler! you canker blossom! You thief of Love! Shak.

CANKERED
Can"kered, a.

1. Affected with canker; as, a cankered mouth.

2. Affected mentally or morally as with canker; sore, envenomed; malignant; fretful; ill-natured. "A cankered grandam's will." Shak.

CANKEREDLY
Can"kered*ly, adv.

Defn: Fretfully; spitefully.

CANKER FLY
Can"ker fly`.

Defn: A fly that preys on fruit.

CANKEROUS
Can"ker*ous, a.

Defn: Affecting like a canker. "Canrerous shackles." Thomson.
Misdeem it not a cankerous change. Wordsworth.

CANKER RASH
Can"ker rash". (Med.)

Defn: A form of scarlet fever characterized by ulcerated or putrid sore throat.

CANKERWORM
Can"ker*worm`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The larva of two species of geometrid moths which are very injurious to fruit and shade trees by eating, and often entirely destroying, the foliage. Other similar larvæ are also called cankerworms.

Note: The autumnal species (Anisopteryx pometaria) becomes adult late in autumn (after frosts) and in winter. The spring species (A. vernata) remains in the ground through the winter, and matures in early spring. Both have winged males and wingless females. The larvæ are similar in appearance and habits, and beling to the family of measuring worms or spanworms. These larvæ hatch from the eggs when the leaves being to expand in spring.

CANKERY
Can"ker*y, a.

1. Like a canker; full of canker.

2. Surly; sore; malignant.

CANNA
Can"na, n. Etym: [It.]

Defn: A measure of length in Italy, varying from six to seven feet.
See Cane, 4.

CANNA
Can"na, n. Etym: [L., a reed. See Cane.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of tropical plants, with large leaves and often with showy flowers. The Indian shot. (C. Indica) is found in gardens of the northern United States.

CANNABENE
Can"na*bene, n. Etym: [From Cannabis.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless oil obtained from hemp dy distillation, and possessing its intoxicating properties.

CANNABIN
Can"na*bin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A pisonous resin extracted from hemp (Cannabis sativa, variety
Indica). The narcotic effects of hasheesh are due to this resin.

CANNABINE
Can"na*bine, a. Etym: [L. cannabinus.]

Defn: Pertaining to hemp; hempen. [R.]

CANNABIS
Can"na*bis, n. Etym: [L., hemp. See Canvas.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of a single species belonging to the order Uricaceæ; hemp. Cannabis Indica (, the Indian hemp, a powerful narcotic, now considered a variety of the common hemp.

CANNEL COAL
Can"nel coal`. Etym: [Corrupt. fr. ndle coal.]

Defn: A kind of mineral coal of a black color, sufficiently hard and solid to be cut and polished. It burns readily, with a clear, yellow flame, and on this account has been used as a substitute for candles.

CANNELE
Can`ne*lé", n. [F., pop., fluted.] (Textiles)

Defn: A style of interweaving giving to fabrics a channeled or fluted effect; also, a fabric woven so as to have this effect; a rep.

CANNELURE
Can"ne*lure (kan"ne*lur), n. [F., fr. canneler to groove.] (Mil.)

Defn: A groove in any cylinder; specif., a groove around the cylinder of an elongated bullet for small arms to contain a lubricant, or around the rotating band of a gun projectile to lessen the resistance offered to the rifling. Also, a groove around the base of a cartridge, where the extractor takes hold. —Can"ne*lured (#), a.

CANNERY
Can"ner*y, n.

Defn: A place where the business of canning fruit, meat, etc., is carried on. [U. S.]

CANNIBAL Can"ni*bal, n. Etym: [Cf. F. cannibale. Columbus, in a letter to the Spanish monarchs written in Oct., 1498, mentions that the people of Hayti lived in great fear of the Caribales (equivalent to E. Caribbees.), the inhabitants of the smaller Antilles; which form of the name was afterward changed into NL. Canibales, in order to express more forcibly their character by a word intelligible through a Latin root "propter rabiem caninam anthropophagorum gentis." The Caribbees call themselves, in their own language. Calinago, Carinago, Calliponam, and, abbreviated, Calina, signifying a brave, from which Columbus formed his Caribales.]

Defn: A human being that eats human flesh; hence, any that devours its own kind. Darwin.

CANNIBAL
Can"ni*bal, a.

Defn: Relating to cannibals or cannibalism. "Cannibal terror." Burke.

CANNIBALISM
Can"ni*bal*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. cannibalisme.]

Defn: The act or practice of eating human flesh by mankind. Hence;
Murderous cruelty; barbarity. Berke.

CANNIBALLY
Can"ni*bal*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of cannibal. "An he had been cannibally given."
Shak.

CANNIKIN
Can"ni*kin, n. Etym: [Can + -kin.]

Defn: A small can or drinking vessel.

CANNILY
Can"ni*ly, adv.

Defn: In a canny manner. [N. of Eng. & Scot.]

CANNINESS
Can"ni*ness, n.

Defn: Caution; crafty management. [N. of Eng. & Scot.]

CANNON
Can"non, n.; pl.Cannons, collectively Cannon. Etym: [F. cannon, fr.
L. canna reed, pipe, tube. See Cane.]

1. A great gun; a piece of ordnance or artillery; a firearm for discharging heavy shot with great force.

Note: Cannons are made of various materials, as iron, brass, bronze, and steel, and of various sizes and shapes with respect to the special service for which they are intended, as intended, as siege, seacoast, naval, field, or mountain, guns. They always aproach more or less nearly to a cylindrical from, being usually thicker toward the breech than at the muzzle. Formerly they were cast hollow, afterwards they were cast, solid, and bored out. The cannon now most in use for the armament of war vessels and for seacoast defense consists of a forged steel tube reinforced with massive steel rings shrunk upon it. Howitzers and mortars are sometimes called cannon. See Gun.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: A hollow cylindrical piece carried by a revolving shaft, on which it may, however, revolve independently.

3. (Printing.)

Defn: A kind of type. See Canon. Cannon ball, strictly, a round solid missile of stone or iron made to be fired from a cannon, but now often applied to a missile of any shape, whether solid or hollow, made for cannon. Elongated and cylindrical missiles are sometimes called bolts; hollow ones charged with explosives are properly called shells. — Cannon bullet, a cannon ball. [Obs.] — Cannon cracker, a fire cracker of large size. — Cannon lock, a device for firing a cannon by a percussion primer. — Cannon metal. See Gun Metal. — Cannon pinion, the pinion on the minute hand arbor of a watch or clock, which drives the hand but permits it to be moved in setting. — Cannon proof, impenetrable by cannon balls. — Cannon shot. (a) A cannon ball. (b) The range of a cannon.

CANNON
Can"non, n. & v. (Billiards)

Defn: See Carom. [Eng.]

CANNONADE
Can"non*ade", n. Etym: [F. Canonnade; cf. It. cannanata.]

1. The act of discharging cannon and throwing ball, shell, etc., for the purpose of destroying an army, or battering a town, ship, or fort; — usually, an attack of some continuance. A furious cannonade was kept up from the whole circle of batteries on the devoted towm. Prescott.

2. Fig.; A loud noise like a cannonade; a booming. Blue Walden rolls its cannonade. Ewerson.

CANNONADE
Can`non*ade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cannonade; p. pr. & vb. n.
Cannonading.]

Defn: To attack with heavy artillery; to batter with cannon shot.

CANNONADE
Can`non*ade", v. i.

Defn: To discharge cannon; as, the army cannonaded all day.

CANNON BONE
Can"non bone. (Anat.)

Defn: See Canon Bone.

CANNONED
Can"noned (, a.

Defn: Furnished with cannon. [Poetic] "Gilbralter's cannoned steep."
M. Arnold.

CANNONEER; CANNONIER
Can`non*eer", Can`non*ier", n. Etym: [F. canonnier.]

Defn: A man who manages, or fires, cannon.

CANNONERING
Can`non*er"ing, n.

Defn: The use of cannon. Burke.

CANNONRY
Can"non*ry, n.

Defn: Cannon, collectively; artillery. The ringing of bells and roaring of cannonry proclaimed his course through the country. W. Irving.

CANNOT
Can"not. Etym: [Can to be able _ -not.]

Defn: Am, is, or are, not able; — written either as one word or two.

CANNULA Can"nu*la, n. Etym: [L. cannula a small tube of dim. of canna a reed, tube.] (Surg.)

Defn: A small tube of metal, wood, or India rubber, used for various purposes, esp. for injecting or withdrawing fluids. It is usually associated with a trocar. [Written also canula.]

CANNULAR
Can"nu*lar, a.

Defn: Having the form of a tube; tubular. [Written also canular.]

CANNULATED
Can"nu*la`ted, a.

Defn: Hollow; affording a passage through its interior length for wire, thread, etc.; as, a cannulated (suture) needle. [Written also canulated.]

CANNY; CANNEI Can"ny, Can"nei, a. Etym: [Cf. Icel. kenn skilled, learned, or E. canny. Cf. Kenn.] [North of Eng. & Scot.]

1. Artful; cunning; shrewd; wary.

2. Skillful; knowing; capable. Sir W. Scott.

3. Cautious; prudent; safe.. Ramsay.

4. Having pleasing of useful qualities; gentle. Burns.

5. Reputed to have magical powers. Sir W. Scott. No canny, not safe, not fortunate; unpropitious. [Scot.]

CANOE
Ca*noe", n.; pl. Canoes. Etym: [Sp. canoa, fr. Caribbean canáoa.]

1. A boat used by rude nations, formed of trunk of a tree, excavated, by cutting of burning, into a suitable shape. It is propelled by a paddle or paddles, or sometimes by sail, and has no rudder. Others devised the boat of one tree, called the canoe. Raleigh.

2. A boat made of bark or skins, used by savages. A birch canoe, with paddles, rising, falling, on the water. Longfellow.

3. A light pleasure boat, especially designed for use by one who goes alone upon long excursions, including portage. It it propelled by a paddle, or by a small sail attached to a temporary mast.

CANOE
Ca*noe", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Canoed p. pr. & vb. n. Canoeing (.]

Defn: To manage a canoe, or voyage in a canoe.

CANOEING
Ca*noe"ing n.

Defn: The act or art of using a canoe.

CANOEIST
Ca*noe"ist, n.

Defn: A canoeman.

CANOEMAN
Ca*noe"man, n.; pl. Canoemen.

Defn: One who uses a canoe; one who travels in a canoe.
Cabins and clearing greeted the eye of the passing canoeman. Parkman.

CANON
Can"on, n. Etym: [OE. canon, canoun, AS. canon rule (cf. F. canon,
LL. canon, and, for sense 7, F. chanoine, LL. canonicus), fr. L.
canon a measuring line, rule, model, fr. Gr. Cane, and cf.
Canonical.]

1. A law or rule. Or that the Everlasting had not fixed His canon 'gainst self- slaughter. Shak.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: A law, or rule of doctrine or discipline, enacted by a council and confirmed by the pope or the sovereign; a decision, regulation, code, or constitution made by ecclesiastical authority. Various canons which were made in councils held in the second centry. Hock.

3. The collection of books received as genuine Holy Scriptures, called the sacred canon, or general rule of moral and religious duty, given by inspiration; the Bible; also, any one of the canonical Scriptures. See Canonical books, under Canonical, a.

4. In monasteries, a book containing the rules of a religious order.

5. A catalogue of saints sckowledged and canonized in the Roman Catholic Church.

6. A member of a cathedral chapter; a person who possesses a prebend in a cathedral or collegiate church.

7. (Mus.)

Defn: A musical composition in which the voice begin one after another, at regular intervals, succesively taking up the same subject. It either winds up with a coda (tailpiece), or, as each voice finishes, commences anew, thus forming a perpetual fugue or round. It is the strictest form of imitation. See Imitation.

8. (Print.)

Defn: The largest size of type having a specific name; — so called from having been used for printing the canons of the church.

9. The part of a bell by which it is suspended; — called also ear and shank.

Note: [See Illust. of Bell.] Knight.

10. (Billiards)

Defn: See Carom. Apostolical canons. See under Apostolical.
— Augustinian canons, Black canons. See under Augustinian.
— Canon capitular, Canon residentiary, a resident member of a
cathedral chapter (during a part or the whole of the year).
— Canon law. See under Law.
— Canon of the Mass (R. C. Ch.), that part of the mass, following
the Sanctus, which never changes.
— Honorary canon, a canon who neither lived in a monastery, nor
kept the canonical hours.
— Minor canon (Ch. of Eng.), one who has been admitted to a
chapter, but has not yet received a prebend.
— Regular canon (R. C. Ch.), one who lived in a conventual
community and follower the rule of St. Austin; a Black canon.
— Secular canon (R. C. Ch.), one who did not live in a monastery,
but kept the hours.

CANON; CANYON Ca*ñon", n. Etym: [Sp., a tube or hollow, fr. caña reed, fr. L. canna. See Cane.]

Defn: A deep gorge, ravine, or gulch, between high and steep banks, worn by water courses. [Mexico & Western U. S.]

CANON BIT
Can"on bit`. Etym: [F. canon, fr. L. canon a rule.]

Defn: That part of a bit which is put in a horse's mouth.

CANON BONE
Can"on bone`. Etym: [F. canon, fr. L. canon a rule. See canon.]
(Anat.)

Defn: The shank bone, or great bone above the fetlock, in the fore and hind legs of the horse and allied animals, corresponding to the middle metacarpal or metatarsal bone of most mammals. See Horse.

CANONESS
Can"on*ess, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. canonissa.]

Defn: A woman who holds a canonry in a conventual chapter. Regular canoness, one bound by the poverty, and observing a strict rule of life. — Secular canoness, one allowed to hold private property, and bound only by vows of chastity and obedience so long as she chose to remain in the chapter.

CANONIC; CANNONICAL Ca*non"ic, Can*non"ic*al, a Etym: [L. cannonicus, LL. canonicalis, fr. L. canon: cf. F. canonique. See canon.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a canon; established by, or according to a , canon or canons. "The oath of canonical obedience." Hallam. Canonical books, or Canonical Scriptures, those books which are declared by the canons of the church to be of divine inspiration; — called collectively the canon. The Roman Catolic Church holds as canonical several books which Protestants reject as apocryphal. — Canonical epistles, an appellation given to the epistles called also general or catholic. See Catholic epistles, under Canholic. — Canonical form (Math.), the simples or most symmetrical form to which all functions of the same class can be reduced without lose of generality. — Canonical hours, certain stated times of the day, fixed by ecclesiastical laws, and appropriated to the offices of prayer and devotion; also, certain portions of the Breviary, to be used at stated hours of the day. In England, this name is also given to the hours from 8 a. m. to 3 p. m. (formerly 8 a. m. to 12 m.) before and after which marriage can not be legally performed in any parish church. — Canonical letters, letters of several kinds, formerly given by a dishop to traveling clergymam or laymen, to show that they were entitled to receive the cammunion, and to distinguish them from heretics. — Canonical life, the method or rule of living prescribed by the ancient cleargy who lived in community; a course of living prescribed for the clergy, less rigid that the monastic, and more restrained that the secular. — Canonical obedience, submission to the canons of a canons of a church, especially the submission of the inferior cleargy to their bishops, and of other religious orders to their supriors. — Canonical punishments, such as the church may inflict, as excommunication, degradation, penance, etc. — Canonical sins (Anc. Church.), those for which capital punishment or puplic penance decreed by the canon was inflicted, as idolatry, murder, adultery, heresy.

CANONICALLY
Ca*non"ic*al*ly, adv. In a canonical manner

Defn: ; according to the canons.

CANONICALNESS
Ca*non"ic*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being canonical; canonicity. Bp. Burnet.

CANONICALS
Ca*non"ic*als, n. pl.

Defn: The dress prescribed by canon to be worn by a clergyman when oficiating. Sometimes, any distinctive professional dress. Full canonicals, the complete costume of an officiating clergyman or ecclesiastic.

CANONICATE Ca*non"i*cate, n. Etym: [LL. canonucatus canonical: cf. F. canonicat.]

Defn: The office of a canon; a canonry.

CANONICITY
Can`on*ic"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. canonicité.]

Defn: The state or quality of being canonical; agreement with the canon.

CANONIST
Can"on*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. canoniste.]

Defn: A professor of canon law; one skilled in the knowledge and practice of ecclesiastical law. South.

CANONISTIC
Can`on*is"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a canonist. "This canonistic exposition."
Milton.

CANONIZATION
Can`on*i*za"tion, n. Etym: [F. canonisation.]

1. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: The final process or decree (following beatifacation) by which the name of a deceased person is placed in the catalogue (canon) of saints and commended to perpetual veneration and invocation. Canonization of saints was not known to the Christian church titl toward the middle of the tenth century. Hoock.

2. The state of being canonized or sainted.

CANONIZE
Can"on*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Canonized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Canonizing.] Etym: [F. canoniser or LL. canonizare, fr. L. canon..
See Canon.]

1. (Eccl.)

Defn: To declare (a deceased person) a saint; to put in the catalogue of saints; as, Thomas a Becket was canonized.

2. To glorify; to exalt to the highest honor. Fame in time to come canonize us. Shak.

2. To rate as inspired; to include in the canon.[R.]

CANONRY
Can"on*ry, n. pl. Canonries (.

Defn: A benefice or prebend in a cathedral or collegiate church; a right to a place in chapter and to a portion of its revenues; the dignity or emoluments of a canon.

CANONSHIP
Can"on*ship, a.

Defn: Of pertaining to Canopus in egypt; as, the Canopic vases, used in embalming.

CANOPUS
Ca*no"pus, n. Etym: [L. Canopus, fr. Gr. (Astron.)

Defn: A star of the first magnitude in the southern constellation
Argo.

CANOPY Can"o*py, n.; pl. Canopies. Etym: [Oe. canopie, F. canopésofa, Of canopée, canopeu, canopieu, canopy, vail, pavilion (cf. It. canepècanopy, sofa), LL. canopeum a bed with mosquito curtains, fr. Gr. Cone, and Optic.]

1. A covering fixed over a bed, dais, or the like, or carried on poles over an exalted personage or a sacred object, etc. chiefly as a mark of honor. "Golden canoniec and beds of state." Dryden.

2. (Arch.) (a) An ornamental projection, over a door, window, niche, etc. (b) Also, a roofike covering, supported on pilars over an altar, a statue, a fountain, etc.

CANOPY
Can"o*py, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Canopes; p. pr. & vb. n. Canopying.]

Defn: To cover with, or as with, a canopy. "A bank with ivy canopied." Milton.

CANOROUS Ca*no"rous, a. Etym: [L. canorus, from nor melody, fr. canere to sing.]

Defn: Melodious; musical. "Birds that are most canorous." Sir T.
Browne.
A long, lound, and canorous peal of laughter. De Quincey.

CANOROUSNESS
Ca*no"rous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being musical.
He chooses his language for its rich canorousness. Lowell.

CANSTICK
Can"stick`, n.

Defn: Candlestick. [Obs.] Shak.

CANT Cant, n. Etym: [OF., edge, angle, prof. from L. canthus the iron ring round a carriage wheel, a wheel, Gr. cant the stake or tire of a wheel. Cf. Canthus, Canton, Cantle.]

1. A corner; angle; niche. [Obs.] The first and principal person in the temple was Irene, or Peace; she was placed aloft in a cant. B. Jonson.

2. An outer or external angle.

3. An inclination from a horizontal or vertical line; a slope or bevel; a titl. Totten.

4. A sudden thrust, push, kick, or other impulse, producing a bias or change of direction; also, the bias or turn so give; as, to give a ball a cant.

5. (Coopering)

Defn: A segment forming a side piece in the head of a cask. Knight.

6. (Mech.)

Defn: A segment of he rim of a wooden cogwheel. Knight.

7. (Naut.)

Defn: A piece of wood laid upon athe deck of a vessel to support the bulkneads. Cant frames, Cant timbers (Naut.), timber at the two ends of a ship, rising obliquely from the keel.

CANT
Cant, v. t. [imp & p. p. Canted; p. pr. & vb. N. Canting.]

1. To incline; to set at an angle; to titl over; to tip upon the edge; as, to cant a cask; to cant a ship.

2. To give a sudden turn or new direction to; as, to cant round a stick of timber; to cant a football.

3. To cut off an angle from, as from a square piece of timber, or from the head of a bolt.

CANT Cant, n. Etym: [Prob. from OF. cant, F. chant, singing, in allusion to the singing or whining tine of voice used by beggars, fr. L. cantus. See Chant.]

1. An affected, singsong mode of speaking.

2. The idioms and peculiarities of speech in any sect, class, or occupation. Goldsmith. The cant of any profession. Dryden.

3. The use of religious phraseology without understanding or sincerity; empty, solemn speech, implying what is not felt; hypocrisy. They shall hear no cant fromF. W. Robertson

4. Vulgar jargon; slang; the secret language spoker by gipsies, thieves. tramps, or beggars.

CANT
Cant, a.

Defn: Of the nature of cant; affected; vulgar. To introduce and multiply cant words in the most ruinous corruption in any language. Swift.

CANT
Cant, v. i.

1. To speak in a whining voice, or an affected, sinsong tone.

2. To make whining pretensions to goodness; to talk with an affectation of religion, philanthropy, etc.; to practice hypocrisy; as, a canting fanatic. The rankest rogue that ever canted. Beau. & Fl.

3. To use pretentious language, barbarous jargon, or technical termes; to talk with an affectation of learning. The doctor here, When he discqurseth of dissection, Of vena cava and of vena porta, The meseræum and the mesentericum, What does he else but cant. B. Jonson That uncouth affected garb of speech, or canting hanguage, if I may so call it. Bp. Sanderson.

CANT Cant, n. Etym: [Prob. from OF. cant, equiv. to L. quantum; cf. F. encan, fr. L. in quantum, i.e. "for how much"]

Defn: A all for bidders at a public sale; an auction. "To sell their leases by cant." Swift.

CANT
Cant, v. t.

Defn: to sell by auction, or bid a price at a sale by auction.
[Archaic] Swift.

CAN'T
Can't.

Defn: A colloquial contraction for can not.

CANTAB
Can"tab, n. Etym: [Abbreviated from Cantabrigian.]

Defn: A Cantabrigian. [Colloq.] Sir W. Scott.

CANTABILE
Can*ta"bi*le, a. Etym: [It., cantare to sing.] (Mus.)

Defn: In a melodious, flowing style; in a singing style, as opposed to bravura, recitativo, or parlando.

CANTABILE
Can*ta"bi*le, n. (Mus.)

Defn: A piece or pessage, whether vocal or instrumental, pecuilarly adapted to singing; — sometimes called cantilena.

CANTABRIAN
Can*ta"bri*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Cantabria on the Bay of Biscay in Spain.

CANTABRIGIAN
Can`ta*brig"i*an, n.

Defn: A native or resident of Cambridge; esp. a student or graduate of the university of Cambridge, England.

CANTALEVER Can"ta*lev`er, n. Etym: [Can an extermal angle + lever a supported of the roof timber of a house.] Etym: [Written also cantaliver and cantilever.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A bracket to support a balcony, a cornice, or the like.

2. (Engin.)

Defn: A projecting beam, truss, or bridge unsupported at the outer end; one which overhangs. Cantalever bridge, a bridge in which the principle of the cantalever is applied. It is usually a trussed bridge, composed of two portions reaching out from opposite banks, and supported near the middle of their own length on piers which they overhang, thus forming cantalevers which meet over the space to be spanned or sustain a third portion, to complete the connection.

CANTALOUPE Can"ta*loupe, n. Etym: [F. cantaloup, It. cantalupo, so called from the caste of Cantalupo, in the Marca d'Ancona, in Italy, where they were first grown in Europe, from seed said to have been imported from Armenia.]

Defn: A muskmelon of several varieties, having when mature, a yellowish skin, and flesh of a reddish orange color. [Written also cantaleup.]

CANTANKEROUS
Can*tan"ker*ous, a.

Defn: Perverse; contentious; ugly; malicious. [Colloq.] —
Can*tan"ker*ous*ly, adv.
— Can*tan"ker*ous*ness, n.
The cantankerous old maiden aunt. Theckeray.

CANTAR; CANTARRO Can"tar, Can*tar"ro, n. Etym: [It. cantaro (in sense 1), Sp. cantaro (in sense 2).]

1. A weight used in southern Europe and East for heavy articles. It varies in different localities; thus, at Rome it is nearly 75 pounds, in Sardinia nearly 94 pounds, in Cairo it is 95 pounds, in Syria about 503 pounds.

2. A liquid measure in Spain, ranging from two and a half to four gallons. Simmonds.

CANTATA Can*ta"ta, n. Etym: [It., fr. cantare to sing, fr. L. cantare intens of canere to sing.] (Mus.)

Defn: A poem set to music; a musical composition comprising choruses, solos, interludes, etc., arranged in a somewhat dramatic manner; originally, a composition for a single noise, consisting of both recitative and melody.

CANTATION
Can*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. cantatio.]

Defn: A singing. [Obs.] Blount.

CANTATORY
Cant"a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Caontaining cant or affectation; whining; singing. [R.]

CANTATRICE
Can`ta*tri"ce, n. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: A female professional singer.

CANTED
Cant"ed, a. Etym: [From 2d Cant.]

1. Having angles; as, a six canted bolt head; a canted window. Canted column (Arch.), a column polygonal in plan.

2. Inclined at an angle to something else; tipped; sloping.

CANTEEN Can*teen", n. Etym: [F. cantine bottle case, canteen (cf. Sp. & It. cantina cellar, bottle case), either contr. fr. It. canovettina, dim. of canova cellar, or, more likely, fr. OF. cant. corner, It. & Sp. canto. See 1st Cant.] (Mil.)

1. A vessel used by soldiers for carrying water, liquor, or other drink. [Written also cantine..]

Note: In the English service the canteen is made of wood and holds three pints; in the United States it is usually a tin flask.

2. The sulter's shop in a garrison; also, a chest containing culinary and other vessels for officers.

CANTEL
Can"tel, n.

Defn: See Cantle.

CANTER Can"ter, n. Etym: [An abbreviation of Caner bury. See Canterbury gallop, under Canterbury.]

1. A moderate and easy gallop adapted to pleasure riding.

Note: The canter is a thoroughly artificial pace, at first extremely tiring to the horse, and generally only to be produced in him by the restraint of a powerful bit, which compels him to throw a great part of his weight on his haunches . . . There is so great a variety in the mode adopted by different horses for performing the canter, that no single description will suffice, nor indeed is it easy . . . to define any one of them. J. H. Walsh.

2. A rapid or easy passing over. A rapid canter in the Times over all the topics. Sir J. Stephen.

CANTER
Can"ter, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cantered; p. pr. & vb. n. Cantering.]

Defn: To move in a canter.

CANTER
Can"ter, v. t.

Defn: To cause, as a horse, to go at a canter; to ride (a horse) at a canter.

CANTER
Cant"er, n.

1. One who cants or whines; a beggar.

2. One who makes hypocritical pretensions to goodness; one who uses canting language. The day when he was a canter and a rebel. Macaulay.

CANTERBURY
Can"ter*bur*y, n.

1. A city in England, giving its name various articles. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury (primate of all England), and contains the shrine of Thomas à Becket, to which pilgrimages were formerly made.

2. A stand with divisions in it for holding music, loose papers, etc. Canterbury ball (Bot.), a species of Campanula of several varietes, cultivated for its handsome bell-shaped flowers. — Canterbury gallop, a gentle gallop such as was used by pilgrims riding, to Canterbury; a canter. — Canterbury table, one of the tales which Chaucer puts into the mouths of certain pilgrims to Canterbury. Hence, any tale told by travelers pass away the time.

CANTHARIDAL
Can*thar"*i*dal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to cantharides or made of cantharides; as, cantharidal plaster.

CANTHARIDES
Can*thar"i*des, n. pl.

Defn: See cantharis.

CANTHARIDIN
Can*thar"i*din, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The active principe of the cantharis, or Spanish fly, a volatile, acrid, bitter solid, crystallizing in four-sided prisms.

CANTHARIS Can"tha*ris, n.; pl. Cantharides. Etym: [L., a kind of beetle, esp. the Spanish fly, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A beetle (Lytta, or Cantharis, vesicatoria), having an elongated cylindrical body of a brilliant green color, and a nauseous odor; the blister fly or blister beetle, of the apothecary; — also called Spanish fly. Many other species of Lytta, used for the same purpose, take the same name. See Blister beetle, under Blister. The plural form in usually applied to the dried insects used in medicine.

CANT HOOK
Cant" hook`.

Defn: A wooden lever with a movable iron hook. hear the end; — used for canting or turning over heavy logs, etc. [U. S.] Bartlett.

CANTHOPLASTY
Can"tho*plas`ty, n. Etym: [Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of forming a new canthus, when one has been destroyed by injury or disease.

CANTHUS
Can"thus, n.; pl. Canthi. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The corner where the upper and under eyelids meet on each side of the eye.

CANTICLE
Can"ti*cle, n.; pl. Canticles. Etym: [L. canticulum a little song,
dim. of canticum song, fr. cantus a singing, fr. coner to sing. See
Chant.]

1. A song; esp. a little song or hymn. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. pl.

Defn: The Song of Songs or Song of Solomon, one of the books of the
Old Testament.

3. A canto or division of a poem [Obs.] Spenser.

4. A psalm, hymn, or passage from the Bible, arranged for chanting in church service.

CANTICOY
Can"ti*coy, n. Etym: [Of American Indian origin.]

Defn: A social gathering; usually, one for dancing.

CANTILE
Can"tile, v. i.

Defn: Same as Cantle, v. t.

CANTILENA
Can`ti*le"na, n. Etym: [It. & L.] (Mus.)

Defn: See Cantabile.

CANTILEVER
Can"ti*lev`er, n.

Defn: Same as Cantalever.

CANTILLATE Can"til*late, v. i. Etym: [L. cantillatus, p. p. of cantillare to sing low, dim. of cantare. See Cantata.]

Defn: To chant; to recite with musical tones. M. Stuart.

CANTILLATION
Can`til*la"tion, n.

Defn: A chanting; recitation or reading with musical modulations.

CANTINE
Can*tine", n.

Defn: See Canteen.

CANTING
Cant"ing, a.

Defn: Speaking in a whining tone of voice; using technical or religious terms affectedly; affectedly pious; as, a canting rogue; a canting tone. - Cant"ing*ly, adv. — Cant"ing*ness, n. Canting arms, Canting heraldry (Her.), bearings in the nature of a rebus alluding to the name of the bearer. Thus, the Castletons bear three castles, and Pope Adrian IV. (Nicholas Breakspeare) bore a broken spear.

CANTING
Cant"ing, n.

Defn: The use of cant; hypocrisy.

CANTINIERE
Can`ti*niere", n. Etym: [F., fr. cantine a sutler's shop, canteen.]
(Mil)

Defn: A woman who carries a canteen for soldiers; a vivandière.

CANTION
Can"tion, n. Etym: [L. cantio, from canere to sing.]

Defn: A song or verses. [Obs.] Spenser.

CANTLE Can"tle, n. Etym: [OF. cantel, chantel, corner, side, piece, F. chanteau a piece cut from a larger piece, dim. of OF. cant edge, corner. See 1st Cant.]

1. A corner or edge of anything; a piece; a fragment; a part. "In one cantle of his law." Milton. Cuts me from the best of all my land A huge half moon, a monstrous cantle out. Shak.

2. The upwardly projecting rear part of saddle, opposite to the pommel. [Written also cante.]

CANTLE
Can"tle, v. t.

Defn: To cut in pieces; to cut out from. [Obs.] [Written also cantile.]

CANTLET
Cant"let, n. Etym: [Dim. of cantle.]

Defn: A piece; a fragment; a corner. Dryden.

CANTO Can"to, n.; pl. Cantos. Etym: [It. canto, fr. L. cantus singing, song. See Chant.]

1. One of the chief divisions of a long poem; a book.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: The highest vocal part; the air or melody in choral music; anciently the tenor, now the soprano. Canto fermo ( Etym: [It.] (Mus.), the plain ecclesiastical chant in cathedral service; the plain song.

CANTON
Can"ton, n.

Defn: A song or canto [Obs.]
Write loyal cantons of contemned love. Shak.

CANTON
Can"ton, n. Etym: [F. canton, augm. of OF. cant edge, corner. See 1st
Cant.]

1. A small portion; a division; a compartment. That little canton of land called the "English pale" Davies. There is another piece of Holbein's, . . . in which, in six several cantons, the several parts of our Savior's passion are represented. Bp. Burnet.

2. A small community or clan.

3. A small territorial district; esp. one of the twenty-two independent states which form the Swiss federal republic; in France, a subdivision of an arrondissement. See Arrondissement.

4. (Her.)

Defn: A division of a shield occupying one third part of the chief, usually on the dexter side, formed by a perpendicular line from the top of the shield, meeting a horizontal line from the side. The king gave us the arms of England to be borne in a canton in our arms. Evelyn.

CANTON
Can"ton, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cantoned ; p. pr. & vb. n. Cantoning.]
Etym: [Cf. F.cantonner.]

1. To divide into small parts or districts; to mark off or separate, as a distinct portion or division. They canton out themselves a little Goshen in the intellectual world. Locke.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: To allot separate quarters to, as to different parts or divisions of an army or body of troops.

CANTONAL
Can"ton*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a canton or cantons; of the nature of a canton.

CANTON CRAPE
Can"ton crape".

Defn: A soft, white or colored silk fabric, of a gauzy texture and wavy appearance, used for ladies' scarfs, shawls, bonnet trimmings, etc.; — called also Oriental crape. De Colange.

CANTONED
Can"toned, a.

1. (Her.)

Defn: Having a charge in each of the four corners; — said of a cross on a shield, and also of the shield itself.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: Having the angles marked by, or decorated with, projecting moldings or small columns; as, a cantoned pier or pilaster.

CANTON FLANNEL
Can"ton flan"nel.

Defn: See Cotton flannel.

CANTONIZE
Can"ton*ize, v. i.

Defn: To divide into cantons or small districts.

CANTONMENT
Can"ton*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. cantonnement.]

Defn: A town or village, or part of a town or village, assigned to a body of troops for quarters; temporary shelter or place of rest for an army; quarters.

Note: When troops are sheltered in huts or quartered in the houses of the people during any suspension of hostilities, they are said to be in cantonment, or to be cantoned. In India, permanent military stations, or military towns, are termed cantonments.

CANTOON
Can*toon", n.

Defn: A cotton stuff showing a fine cord on one side and a satiny surface on the other.

CANTOR
Can"tor, n. Etym: [L., a singer, fr. caner to sing.]

Defn: A singer; esp. the leader of a church choir; a precentor.
The cantor of the church intones the Te Deum. Milman.

CANTORAL
Can"tor*al, a.

Defn: Of or belonging to a cantor. Cantoral staff, the official staff or baton of a cantor or precentor, with which time is marked for the singers.

CANTORIS
Can*to"ris, a. Etym: [L., lit., of the cantor, gen. of cantor.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a cantor; as, the cantoris side of a choir; a cantoris stall. Shipley.

CANTRAP; CANTRIP Can"trap, Can"trip, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. gandar, ODan. & OSw. gan, witchcraft, and E. trap a snare, tramp.]

Defn: A charm; an incantation; a shell; a trick; adroit mischief.
[Written also cantraip.] [Scot.]

CANTRED; CANTREF Can"tred, Can"tref, n. Etym: [W. cantref; cant hundred + tref dwelling place, village.]

Defn: A district comprising a hundred villages, as in Wales. [Written also kantry.]

CANTY
Can"ty, a.

Defn: Cheerful; sprightly; lively; merry. "The canty dame."
Wordsworth [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
Contented with little, and canty with mair. Burns.

CANUCK
Ca*nuck", n.

1. A Canadian. [Slang]

2. A small or medium-sized hardy horse, common in Canada. [Colloq.]

CANULA; CANULAR; CANULATED
Can"u*la, n., Can"u*lar, a., Can"u*la`ted, a.

Defn: See Cannula, Cannular, and Cannulated.

CANVAS Can"vas, n. Etym: [OE. canvas, canevas, F. canevas, LL. canabacius hempen cloth, canvas, L. cannabis hemp, fr. G. Hemp.]

1. A strong cloth made of hemp, flax, or cotton; — used for tents, sails, etc. By glimmering lanes and walls of canvas led. Tennyson.

2. (a) A coarse cloth so woven as to form regular meshes for working with the needle, as in tapestry, or worsted work. (b) A piece of strong cloth of which the surface has been prepared to receive painting, commonly painting in oil. History . . . does not bring out clearly upon the canvas the details which were familiar. J. H. Newman.

3. Something for which canvas is used: (a) A sail, or a collection of sails. (b) A tent, or a collection of tents. (c) A painting, or a picture on canvas. To suit his canvas to the roughness of the see. Goldsmith. Light, rich as that which glows on the canvas of Claude. Macaulay.

4. A rough draft or model of a song, air, or other literary or musical composition; esp. one to show a poet the measure of the verses he is to make. Grabb.

CANVAS
Can"vas, a.

Defn: Made of, pertaining to, or resembling, canvas or coarse cloth; as, a canvas tent.

CANVASBACK
Can"vas*back`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A Species of duck (Aythya vallisneria), esteemed for the delicacy of its flesh. It visits the United States in autumn; particularly Chesapeake Bay and adjoining waters; — so named from the markings of the plumage on its back.

CANVASS
Can"vass, v. t. [imp. & p. p. canvassed; p. pr. & vb. n. Canvassing.]
Etym: [OF. Canabasser to examine curiously, to search or sift out;
properly, to sift through canvas. See Canvas, n.]

1. To sift; to strain; to examine thoroughly; to scrutinize; as, to canvass the votes cast at an election; to canvass a district with reference to its probable vote. I have made careful search on all hands, and canvassed the matter with all possible diligence. Woodward.

2. To examine by discussion; to debate. An opinion that we are likely soon to canvass. Sir W. Hamilton.

3. To go trough, with personal solicitation or public addresses; as, to canvass a district for votes; to canvass a city for subscriptions.

CANVASS
Can"vass, v. i.

Defn: To search thoroughly; to engage in solicitation by traversing a district; as, to canvass for subscriptions or for votes; to canvass for a book, a publisher, or in behalf of a charity; — commonly followed by for.

CANVASS
Can"vass, n.

1. Close inspection; careful review for verification; as, a canvass of votes. Bacon.

2. Examination in the way of discussion or debate.

3. Search; exploration; solicitation; systematic effort to obtain votes, subscribers, etc. No previous canvass was made for me. Burke.

CANVASSER
Can"vass*er, n.

Defn: One who canvasses.

CANY
Can"y, a. Etym: [From Cane.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to cane or canes; abounding with canes.
Milton.

CANYON
Can"yon, n.

Defn: The English form of the Spanish word Cañon.

CANZONE Can*zo"ne, n. Etym: [It., a song, fr. L. cantio, fr. canere to sing. Cf. Chanson, Chant.] (Mus.) (a) A song or air for one or more voices, of Provençal origin, resembling, though not strictly, the madrigal. (b) An instrumental piece in the madrigal style.

CANZONET
Can`zo*net", n. Etym: [It. canzonetta, dim. of canzone.] (Mus.)

Defn: A short song, in one or more parts.

CAONCITO
Cañ`on*ci"to, n. [Amer. Sp. dim. See Cañon.] [Southwestern U. S.]

1. A small cañon.

2. A narrow passage or lane through chaparral or a forest.

CAOUTCHIN
Caout"chin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An inflammable, volatile, oily, liquid hydrocarbon, obtained by the destructive distillation of caoutchouc.

CAOUTCHOUC
Caout"chouc, n. Etym: [F. caoutchouc, from the South American name.]

Defn: A tenacious, elastic, gummy substance obtained from the milky sap of several plants of tropical South America (esp. the euphorbiaceous tree Siphonia elastica or Hevea caoutchouc), Asia, and Africa. Being impermeable to liquids and gases, and not readly affected by exposure to air, acids, and alkalies, it is used, especially when vulcanized, for many purposes in the arts and in manufactures. Also called India rubber (because it was first brought from India, and was formerly used chiefly for erasing pencil marks) and gum elastic. See Vulcanization. Mineral caoutchouc. See under Mineral.

CAOUTCHOUCIN
Caout"chou*cin, n.

Defn: See Caoutchin.

CAP Cap, n. Etym: [OE. cappe, AS. cæppe, cap, cape, hood, fr. LL, cappa, capa; perhaps of Iberian origin, as Isidorus of Seville mentions it first: "Capa, quia quasi totum capiat hominem; it. capitis ornamentum." See 3d Cape, and cf. 1st Cope.]

1. A covering for the head; esp. (a) One usually with a visor but without a brim, for men and boys; (b) One of lace, muslin, etc., for women, or infants; (c) One used as the mark or ensign of some rank, office, or dignity, as that of a cardinal.

2. The top, or uppermost part; the chief. Thou art the cap of all the fools alive. Shak.

3. A respectful uncovering of the head. He that will give a cap and make a leg in thanks. Fuller.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The whole top of the head of a bird from the base of the bill to the nape of the neck.

5. Anything resembling a cap in form, position, or use; as: (a) (Arch.) The uppermost of any assemblage of parts; as, the cap of column, door, etc.; a capital, coping, cornice, lintel, or plate. (b) Something covering the top or end of a thing for protection or ornament. (c) (Naut.) A collar of iron or wood used in joining spars, as the mast and the topmast, the bowsprit and the jib boom; also, a covering of tarred canvas at the end of a rope. (d) A percussion cap. See under Percussion. (e) (Mech.) The removable cover of a journal box. (f) (Geom.) A portion of a spherical or other convex surface.

6. A large size of writing paper; as, flat cap; foolscap; legal cap. Cap of a cannon, a piece of lead laid over the vent to keep the priming dry; — now called an apron. — Cap in hand, obsequiously; submissively. — Cap of liberty. See Liberty cap, under Liberty. — Cap of maintenance, a cap of state carried before the kings of England at the coronation. It is also carried before the mayors of some cities. — Cap money, money collected in a cap for the huntsman at the death of the fox. — Cap paper. (a) A kind of writing paper including flat cap, foolsap, and legal cap. (b) A coarse wrapping paper used for making caps to hold commodities. Cap rock (Mining), The layer of rock next overlying ore, generally of barren vein material. — Flat cap, cap See Foolscap. — Forage cap, the cloth undress head covering of an officer of soldier. — Legal cap, a kind of folio writing paper, made for the use of lawyers, in long narrow sheets which have the fold at the top or "narrow edge." — To set one's cap, to make a fool of one. (Obs.) Chaucer. — To set one's cap for, to try to win the favor of a man with a view to marriage. [Colloq.]

CAP
Cap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Capped (; p. pr. & vb. n. Capping.]

1. To cover with a cap, or as with a cap; to provide with a cap or cover; to cover the top or end of; to place a cap upon the proper part of; as, to cap a post; to cap a gun. The bones next the joint are capped with a smooth cartilaginous substance. Derham.

2. To deprive of cap. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. To complete; to crown; to bring to the highest point or consummation; as, to cap the climax of absurdity.

4. To salute by removing the cap. [Slang. Eng.] Tom . . . capped the proctor with the profoundest of bows. Thackeray.

5. To match; to mate in contest; to furnish a complement to; as, to cap text; to cap proverbs. Shak. Now I have him under girdle I'll cap verses with him to the end of the chapter. Dryden.

Note: In capping verses, when one quotes a verse another must cap it by quoting one beginning with the last letter of the first letter, or with the first letter of the last word, or ending with a rhyming word, or by applying any other arbitrary rule may be agreed upon.

CAP
Cap, v. i.

Defn: To uncover the head respectfully. Shak.

CAPABILITY
Ca`pa*bil"i*ty, n.; pl. Capabilities.

1. The quality of being capable; capacity; capableness; esp. intellectual power or ability. A capability to take a thousand views of a subject. H. Taylor.

2. Capacity of being used or improved.

CAPABLE Ca"pa*ble, a. Etym: [F. capable, LL. capabilis capacious, capable, fr. L. caper to take, contain. See Heave.]

1. Possessing ability, qualification, or susceptibility; having capacity; of sufficient size or strength; as, a room capable of holding a large number; a castle capable of resisting a long assault. Concious of jou and capable of pain. Prior.

2. Possessing adequate power; qualified; able; fully competent; as, a capable instructor; a capable judge; a mind capable of nice investigations. More capable to discourse of battles than to give them. Motley.

3. Possessing legal power or capacity; as, a man capable of making a contract, or a will.

4. Capacious; large; comprehensive. [Obs.] Shak.

Note: Capable is usually followed by of, sometimes by an infinitive.

Syn. — Able; competent; qualified; fitted; efficient; effective; skillful.

CAPABLENESS
Ca"pa*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being capable; capability; adequateness; competency.

CAPACIFY Ca*pac"i*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Capacified.] Etym: [L. capax, -acis, capacious + -fy.]

Defn: To quality. [R.]
The benefice he is capacified and designed for. Barrow.

CAPACIOUS
Ca*pa"cious, a. Etym: [L. capaz, -acis, fr. capere to take. See
Heave.]

1. Having capacity; able to contain much; large; roomy; spacious; extended; broad; as, a capacious vessel, room, bay, or harbor. In the capacious recesses of his mind. Bancroft.

2. Able or qualified to make large views of things, as in obtaining knowledge or forming designs; comprehensive; liberal. "A capacious mind." Watts.

CAPACIOUSLY
Ca*pa"cious*ly, adv.

Defn: In a capacious manner or degree; comprehensively.

CAPACIOUSNESS
Ca*pa"cious*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being capacious, as of a vessel, a reservoir a bay, the mind, etc.

CAPACITATE
Ca*pac"i*tate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Capacitated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Capacitating.]

Defn: To render capable; to enable; to qualify.
By thih instruction we may be capaciated to observe those errors.
Dryden.

CAPACITY Ca*pac"i*ty, n.; pl. Capacities Etym: [L. capacitus, fr. capax, capacis; fr. F. capacité. See Capacious.]

1. The power of receiving or containing; extent of room or space; passive power; — used in reference to physical things. Had our great palace the capacity To camp this host, we all would sup together. Shak. The capacity of the exhausted cylinder. Boyle.

2. The power of receiving and holding ideas, knowledge, etc.; the comprehensiveness of the mind; the receptive faculty; capability of undestanding or feeling. Capacity is now properly limited to these [the mere passive operations of the mind]; its primary signification, which is literally room for, as well as its employment, favars this; although it can not be dented that there are examples of its usage in an active sense. Sir W. Hamilton.

3. Ability; power pertaining to, or resulting from, the possession of strength, wealth, or talent; possibility of being or of doing. The capacity of blessing the people. Alex. Hamilton. A cause with such capacities endued. Blackmore.

4. Outward condition or circumstances; occupation; profession; character; position; as, to work in the capacity of a mason or a carpenter.

5. (Law)

Defn: Legal or noral qualification, as of age, residence, character, etc., necessary for certain purposes, as for holding office, for marrying, for making contracts, will, etc.; legal power or right; competency. Capacity for heat, the power of absorbing heat. Substances differ in the amount of heat requisite to raise them a given number of thermometric degrees, and this difference is the measure of, or depends upon, whzt is called their capacity for heat. See Specific heat, under Heat.

Syn. — Ability; faculty; talent; capability; skill; efficiency; cleverness. See Ability.

CAPAPE
Cap`*a*pe", adv.

Defn: See Cap-a-pie. Shak.

CAPAPIE Cap`*a*pie", adv. Etym: [OF. (cap-a-pie, from head to foot, now de pied en cap from foot to head; L. per foot + caput head.]

Defn: From head to foot; at all points. "He was armed cap-a-pie."
Prescott.

CAPARISON Ca*par"i*son, n. Etym: [F. capara, fr. Sp. caparazon a cover for a saddle, coach, etc.; capa cloak, cover (fr. LL. capa, cf. LL. caparo also fr. capa) + the term. azon. See Cap.]

1. An ornamental covering or housing for a horse; the harness or trappings of a horse, taken collectively, esp. when decorative. Their horses clothed with rich caparison. Drylen.

2. Gay or rich clothing. My heart groans beneath the gay caparison. Smollett.

CAPARISON
Ca*par"i*son, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Caparisoned p. pr. & vb. n.
Caparisoning.] Etym: [Cf. F caparaçonner.]

1. To cover with housings, as a horse; to harness or fit out with decorative trappings, as a horse. The steeds, caparisoned with purple, stand. Dryden.

2. To aborn with rich dress; to dress. I am caparisoned like a man. Shak.

CAPARRO
Ca*par"ro, n. Etym: [Native Indian name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large South American monkey (Lagothrix Humboldtii), with prehensile tail.

CAPCASE
Cap"case`, n.

Defn: A small traveling case or bandbox; formerly, a chest.
A capcase for your linen and your plate. Beau. & Fl.

CAPE Cape, n. Etym: [F. cap, fr. It. capo head, cape, fr. L. caput heat, end, point. See Chief.]

Defn: A piece or point of land, extending beyind the adjacent coast
into the sea or a lake; a promonotory; a headland. Cape buffalo
(Zoöl.) a large and powerful buffalo of South Africa (Bubalus
Caffer). It is said to be the most dangerous wild beast of Africa.
See Buffalo, 2.
— Cape jasmine, Cape jassamine. See Jasmine.
— Cape pigeon (Zoöl.), a petrel (Daptium Capense) common off the
Cape of Good Hope. It is about the size of a pigeon.
— Cape wine, wine made in South Africa [Eng.] — The Cape, the Cape
of Good Hope, in the general sense of southern extremity of Africa.
Also used of Cape Horn, and, in New England, of Cape Cod.

CAPE
Cape, v. i. (Naut.)

Defn: To head or point; to keep a course; as, the ship capes southwest by south.

CAPE Cape, n. Etym: [OE. Cape, fr. F. cape; cf. LL. cappa. See Cap, and cf. 1st Cope, Chape.]

Defn: A sleeveless garment or part of a garment, hanging from the neck over the back, arms, and shoulders, but not reaching below the hips. See Cloak.

CAPE
Cape, v. i. Etym: [See Gape.]

Defn: To gape. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CAPEL; CAPLE
Ca"pel, Ca"ple, n. Etym: [Icel. kapall; cf. L. caballus.]

Defn: A horse; a nag. [Obs.] Chaucer. Holland.

CAPEL
Ca"pel, n. (Mining)

Defn: A composite stone (quartz, schorl, and hornlende) in the walls of tin and copper lodes.

CAPELAN
Cap"e*lan, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Capelin.

CAPELIN
Cape"lin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. capelan, caplan.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small marine fish (Mallotus villosus) of the family
Salmonidæ, very abundant on the coasts of Greenland, Iceland,
Newfoundland, and Alaska. It is used as a bait for the cod. [Written
also capelan and caplin.]

Note: This fish, which is like a smelt, is called by the Spaniards anchova, and by the Portuguese capelina. Fisheries of U. S. (1884).

CAPELINE
Ca"pe*line`, n. [F., fr. LL. capella. See Chapel.] (Med.)

Defn: A hood-shaped bandage for the head, the shoulder, or the stump of an amputated limb.

CAPELLA
Ca*pel"la, n. Etym: [L., a little goet, dim. of caper a goat.]
(Asrton.)

Defn: A brilliant star in the constellation Auriga.

CAPELLANE
Cap"el*lane, n. Etym: [See Chaplain.]

Defn: The curate of a chapel; a chaplain. [Obs.] Fuller.

CAPELLE
Ca*pel"le, n. Etym: [G.] (Mus.)

Defn: The private orchestra or band of a prince or of a church.

CAPELLET
Cap"el*let, n. Etym: [F. capelet.] (Far.)

Defn: A swelling, like a wen, on the point of the elbow (or the heel of the hock) of a horse, caused probably by bruises in lying dowm.

CAPELLMEISTER Ca*pell"meis`ter, n. Etym: [G., fr. capelle chapel, private band of a prince + meister a master.]

Defn: The musical director in royal or ducal chapel; a choirmaster.
[Written also kepellmeister.]

CAPER
Ca"per, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Capered p. pr. & vb. n. capering.] Etym:
[From older capreoll to caper, cf. F. se cabrer to prance; all
ultimately fr. L. caper, capra, goat. See Capriole.]

Defn: To leap or jump about in a sprightly manner; to cut capers; to skip; to spring; to prance; to dance. He capers, he dances, he has eyes of youth. Shak.

CAPER
Ca"per, n.

Defn: A frolicsome leap or spring; a skip; a jump, as in mirth or dancing; a prank. To cut a caper, to frolic; to make a sportive spring; to play a prank. Shak.

CAPER
Ca"per, n. Etym: [D. kaper.]

Defn: A vessel formerly used by the Dutch, privateer. Wright.

CAPER
Ca"per, n. Etym: [F. câpre, fr. L. capparis, Gr. al-kabar.]

1. The pungent grayish green flower bud of the European and Oriental caper (Capparis spinosa), much used for pickles.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Capparis; — called also caper bush, caper tree.

Note: The Capparis spinosa is a low prickly shrub of the Mediterranean coasts, with trailing branches and brilliant flowers; - - cultivated in the south of Europe for its buds. The C. sodada is an almost leafless spiny shrub of central Africa (Soudan), Arabia, and southern India, with edible berries. Bean caper. See Bran caper, in the Vocabulary. — Caper sauce, a kind of sauce or catchup made of capers.

CAPERBERRY
Ca"per*ber`ry, n.

1. The small olive-shaped berry of the European and Oriental caper, said to be used in pickles and as a condiment.

2. The currantlike fruit of the African and Arabian caper (Capparis sodado).

CAPER BUSH; CAPER TREE
Ca"per bush`, Ca"per tree`.

Defn: See Capper, a plant, 2.

CAPERCAILZIE; CAPERCALLY
Ca"per*cail`zie, or Ca"per*cal`ly, n. Etym: [Gael, capulcoile.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of grouse (Tetrao uragallus) of large size and fine flavor, found in northern Europe and formerly in Scotland; — called also cock of the woods. [Written also capercaillie, capercaili.]

CAPERCLAW
Ca"per*claw`, v. t.

Defn: To treat with cruel playfulness, as a cat treats a mouse; to abuse. [Obs.] Birch.

CAPERER
Ca"per*er, n.

Defn: One who capers, leaps, and skips about, or dances.
The nimble capperer on the cord. Dryden.

CAPFUL
Cap"ful, n.; pl. Capfuls (.

Defn: As much as will fill a cap. A capful of wind (Naut.), a light puff of wind.

CAPIAS
Ca"pi*as, n. Etym: [L. thou mayst take.] (Low)

Defn: A writ or process commanding the officer to take the body of the person named in it, that is, to arrest him; — also called writ of capias.

Note: One principal kind of capias is a writ by which actions at law are frequently commenced; another is a writ of execution issued after judgment to satisfy damages recovered; a capias in criminal law is the process to take a person charged on an indictment, when he is not in custody. Burrill. Wharton.

CAPIBARA
Ca`pi*ba"ra, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Capybara.

CAPILLACEOUS
Cap`il*la"ceous, a. Etym: [L. capillaceus hairy, fr. capillus hair.]

Defn: Having long filaments; resembling a hair; slender. See
Capillary.

CAPILLAIRE Cap`il*laire", n. Etym: [F. capillaire maiden-hair; sirop de capillaire capillaire; fr. L. herba capillaris the maidenhair.]

1. A sirup prepared from the maiden-hair, formerly supposed to have medicinal properties.

2. Any simple sirup flavored with orange flowers.

CAPILLAMENT Ca*pil"la*ment, n. Etym: [L. capillamentum, fr. capillus hair: cf. F. capillament.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A filament. [R.]

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Any villous or hairy covering; a fine fiber or filament, as of the nerves.

CAPILLARINESS
Cap"il*la*ri*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being capillary.

CAPILLARITY
Cap`il*lar"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. capillarité.]

1. The quality or condition of being capillary.

2. (Physics)

Defn: The peculiar action by which the surface of a liquid, where it is in contact with a solid (as in a capillary tube), is elevated or depressed; capillary attraction.

Note: Capillarity depends upon the relative attaction of the modecules of the liquid for each other and for those of the solid, and is especially observable in capillary tubes, where it determines the ascent or descent of the liquid above or below the level of the liquid which the tube is dipped; — hence the name.

CAPILLARY
Cap"il*la*ry, a. Etym: [L. capillaris, fr. capillus hair. Cf.
Capillaire.]

1. Resembling a hair; fine; minute; very slender; having minute tubes or interspaces; having very small bore; as, the capillary vessels of animals and plants.

2. Pertaining to capillary tubes or vessels; as, capillary action. Capillary attraction, Capillary repulsion, the apparent attraction or repulsion between a soild and liquid caused bycapillarity. See Capillarity, and Attraction. — Capillarity tubes. See the Note under Capillarity.

CAPILLARY
Cap"il*la*ry, n.; pl., Capillaries (.

1. A tube or vessel, extremely fine or minute.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A minute, thin-walled vessel; particularly one of the smallest blood vessels connecting arteries and veins, but used also for the smallest lymphatic and biliary vessels.

CAPILLATION
Cap`il*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. capillatie the hair.]

Defn: A capillary blood vessel. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

CAPILLATURE
Ca*pil"la*ture, n. Etym: [L. capillatura.]

Defn: A bush of hair; frizzing of the hair. Clarke.

CAPILLIFORM
Ca*pil"li*form, a. Etym: [L. capillus hair + -form.]

Defn: In the shape or form of, a hair, or of hairs.

CAPILLOSE
Cap"il*lose`, a. Etym: [L. capillosus.]

Defn: Having much hair; hairy. [R.]

CAPISTRATE
Ca*pis"trate, a. Etym: [L. capistratus, p. p. of capistrare halter.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: Hooded; cowled.

CAPITAL Cap"i*tal, a. Etym: [F. capital, L. capitalis capital (in senses 1 & 2), fr. caput head. See Chief, and cf. Capital, n.]

1. Of or pertaining to the head. [Obs.] Needs must the Serpent now his capital bruise Expect with mortal pain. Milton.

2. Having reference to, or involving, the forfeiture of the head or life; affecting life; punishable with death; as, capital trials; capital punishment. Many crimes that are capital among us. Swift. To put to death a capital offender. Milton.

3. First in importance; chief; principal. A capital article in religion Atterbury. Whatever is capital and essential in Christianity. I. Taylor.

4. Chief, in a political sense, as being the seat of the general government of a state or nation; as, Washington and Paris are capital cities.

5. Of first rate quality; excellent; as, a capital speech or song. [Colloq.]

Capital letter Etym: [F, lettre capitale] (Print.), a leading or heading letter, used at the beginning of a sentence and as the first letter of certain words, distinguished, for the most part, both by different form and larger size, from the small (lower-case) letters, which form the greater part of common print or writing. — Small capital letters have the form of capital letters and height of the body of the lower-case letters. — Capital stock, money, property, or stock invested in any business, or the enterprise of any corporation or institution. Abbott.

Syn.
— Chief; leading; controlling; prominent.

CAPITAL Cap"i*tal, n. Etym: [Cf. L. capitellum and Capitulum, a small head, the head, top, or capital of a column, dim. of caput head; F. chapiteau, OF. capitel. See Chief, and cf. Cattle, Chattel, Chapiter, Chapter.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: The head or uppermost member of a column, pilaster, etc. It consists generally of three parts, abacus, bell (or vase), and necking. See these terms, and Column.

2. Etym: [Cf. F. capilate, fem., sc. ville.] (Geog.)

Defn: The seat of government; the chief city or town in a country; a metropolis. "A busy and splendid capital" Macauly.

3. Etym: [Cf. F. capital.]

Defn: Money, property, or stock employed in trade, manufactures, etc.; the sum invested or lent, as distinguished from the income or interest. See Capital stock, under Capital, a.

4. (Polit. Econ.)

Defn: That portion of the produce of industry, which may be directly employed either to support human beings or to assist in production. M'Culloch.

Note: When wealth is used to assist production it is called capital. The capital of a civilized community includes fixed capital (i.e. buildings, machines, and roads used in the course of production and exchange) amd circulating capital (i.e., food, fuel, money, etc., spent in the course of production and exchange). T. Raleing.

5. Anything which can be used to increase one's power or influence. He tried to make capital out of his rival's discomfiture. London Times.

6. (Fort.)

Defn: An imaginary line dividing a bastion, ravelin, or other work, into two equal parts.

7. A chapter, or section, of a book. [Obs.] Holy St. Bernard hath said in the 59th capital. Sir W. Scott.

8. (Print.)

Defn: See Capital letter, under Capital, a. Active capital. See under
Active, — Small capital (Print.), a small capital letter. See under
Capital, a.
— To live on one's capital, to consume one's capital without
producing or accumulating anything to replace it.

CAPITALIST
Cap"i*tal*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. capitaliste.]

Defn: One who has capital; one who has money for investment, or money
invested; esp. a person of large property, which is employed in
business.
The expenditure of the capitalist. Burke.

CAPITALIZATION
Cap"i*tal*i*za`tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of capitalizing.

CAPITALIZE
Cap"i*tal*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Capitalized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Capitalizing.]

1. To convert into capital, or to use as capital.

2. To compute, appraise, or assess the capital value of (a patent right, an annuity, etc.)

3. To print in capital letters, or with an initial capital.

CAPITALLY
Cap*i*tal*ly, adv.

1. In a way involving the forfeiture of the head or life; as, to punish capitally.

2. In a capital manner; excellently. [Colloq.]

CAPITALNESS
Cap"i*tal*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being capital; preeminence. [R.]

CAPITAN PASHA; CAPITAN PACHA
Ca`pi*tan` Pa*sha` or Pa*cha`. Etym: [See capitan.]

Defn: The chief admiral of the Turkish fleet.

CAPITATE
Cap"i*tate, a Etym: [L. capitatus fr. caput head.]

1. Headlike in form; also, having the distal end enlarged and rounded, as the stigmas of certain flowers.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the flowers gathered into a head.

CAPITATIM
Cap`i*ta"tim, a. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Of so much per head; as, a capitatim tax; a capitatim grant.

CAPITATION
Cap`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. capitatio a poll tax, fr. caput head; cf.
F. capitation.]

1. A numbering of heads or individuals. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

2. A tax upon each head or person, without reference to property; a poll tax.

CAPITE
Cap"i*te, n. Etym: [L., abl. of caput head.]

Defn: See under Tenant.

CAPITELLATE
Cap`i*tel"late, a. Etym: [L. capitellum, dim. of caput head.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having a very small knoblike termination, or collected into minute capitula.

CAPITIBRANCHIATA Cap`i*ti*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from L. caput, capitis, head + -branchiae gills.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of annelids in which the gills arise from or near the head. See Tubicola.

CAPITOL
Cap"i*tol, Etym: [L. capitolium, fr. caput head: cf. F. capitole. See
Chief.]

1. The temple of Jupiter, at Rome, on the Mona Capitolinus, where the Senate met. Comes Cæsar to the Capitol to-morrow Shak.

2. The edifice at Washington occupied by the Congress of the United States; also, the building in which the legislature of State holds its sessions; a statehouse.

CAPITOLIAN; CAPITOLINE Cap`i*to"li*an, Cap"i*to*line, a. Etym: [L. capitolinus: cf. F. capitolin.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Capitol in Rome. "Capitolian Jove." Macaulay. Capitoline games (Antiq.), annual games instituted at Rome by Camillus, in honor of Jupter Capitolinus, on account of the preservation of the Capitol from the Gauls; when reinstituted by Domitian, arter a period of neglect, they were held every fifth year.

CAPITULA
Ca*pit"u*la, n. pl.

Defn: See Capitulum.

CAPITULAR Ca*pit"u*lar, n. Etym: [LL. capitulare, capitularium, fr. L. capitulum a small head, a chapter, dim. of capit head, chapter.]

1. An act passed in a chapter.

2. A member of a chapter. The chapter itself, and all its members or capitulars. Ayliffe.

3. The head or prominent part.

CAPITULAR
Ca*pit"u*lar, a.

1. (Eccl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a chapter; capitulary.
From the pope to the member of the capitular body. Milman.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Growing in, or pertaining to, a capitulum.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to a capitulum; as, the capitular process of a vetebra, the process which articulates with the capitulum of a rib.

CAPITULARLY
Ca*pit"u*lar*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner or form of an ecclesiastical chapter. Sterne.

CAPITULARY
Ca*pit"u*la*ry, n.; pl. Capitularies. Etym: [See Capitular.]

1. A capitular.

2. The body of laws or statutes of a chapter, or of an ecclesiastical council.

3. A collection of laws or statutes, civil and ecclesiastical, esp. of the Frankish kings, in chapters or sections. Several of Charlemagne's capitularies. Hallam.

CAPITULARY
Ca*pit"u*la*ry, a.

Defn: Relating to the chapter of a cathedral; capitular. "Capitulary acts." Warton.

CAPITULATE
Ca*pit"u*late, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Capitulated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Capitulating.] Etym: [LL. capitulatus, p. p. of capitulare to
capitulate: cf. F. capituler. See Capitular, n.]

1. To settle or draw up the heads or terms of an agreement, as in chapters or articles; to agree. [Obs.] There capitulates with the king . . . to take to wife his daughter Mary. Heylin. There is no reason why the reducing of any agreement to certain heads or capitula should not be called to capitulate. Trench.

2. To surrender on terms agreed upon (usually, drawn up under several heads); as, an army or a garrison capitulates. The Irish, after holding out a week, capitulated. Macaulay.

CAPITULATE
Ca*pit"u*late, v. t.

Defn: To surrender or transfer, as an army or a fortress, on certain conditions. [R.]

CAPITULATION
Ca*pit`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. capitulation, LL. capitulatio.]

1. A reducing to heads or articles; a formal agreement. With special capitulation that neither the Scots nor the French shall refortify. Bp. Burnet.

2. The act of capitulating or surrendering to an emeny upon stipulated terms.

3. The instrument containing the terms of an agreement or surrender.

CAPITULATOR
Ca*pit"u*la`tor, n. Etym: [LL.]

Defn: One who capitulates.

CAPITULE
Cap"i*tule, n. Etym: [L. capitulum small head, chapter.]

Defn: A summary. [Obs.]

CAPITULUM
Ca*pit"u*lum, n.; pl. Capitula (. Etym: [L., a small head.]

1. A thick head of flowers on a very short axis, as a clover top, or a dandelion; a composite flower. A capitulum may be either globular or flat. Gray.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A knobike protuberance of any part, esp. at the end of a bone or cartilage.

Note: [See Illust. of Artiodactyla.]

CAPIVI
Ca*pi"vi, n. Etym: [Cf. Copaiba.]

Defn: A balsam of the Spanish West Indies. See Copaiba.

CAPLE
Ca"ple, n.

Defn: See Capel.

CAPLIN
Cap"lin, n.

Defn: See Capelin.

CAPLIN; CAPLING
Cap"lin, Cap"ling, n.

Defn: The cap or coupling of a flail, through which the thongs pass which connect the handle and swingel. Wright.

CAPNOMANCY
Cap"no*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. mancy: cf. F. capnomancie.]

Defn: Divination by means of the ascent or motion of smoke.

CAPNOMOR
Cap"no*mor, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A limpid, colorless oil with a peculiar odor, obtained from beech tar. Watts.

CAPOC
Ca*poc", n. Etym: [Malay kapoq.]

Defn: A sort of cotton so short and fine thet it can not be spun, used in the East Indies to line palanquins, to make mattresses, etc.

CAPOCH
Ca*poch", n.; pl. Capoches. Etym: [Cf. Sp. capucho, It. cappucio, F.
Capuce, capuchon, LL. caputium, fr. capa cloak. See Cap.]

Defn: A hood; especialy, the hood attached to the gown of a monk.

CAPOCH
Ca*poch", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Capoched.]

Defn: To cover with, or as with, a hood; hence, to hoodwink or blind.
Hudibras.

CAPON Ca"pon, n. Etym: [OE. capon, chapoun, AS. cap (cf. F. chapon), L. capo, fr. Gr. skopiti to casrate. CF. Comma.]

Defn: A castrated cock, esp. when fattened; a male chicken gelded to improve his flesh for the table. Shak. The merry thought of a capon. W. Irving.

CAPON
Ca"pon, v. t.

Defn: To castrate; to make a capon of.

CAPONET
Ca"pon*et, n.

Defn: A young capon. [R.] Chapman.

CAPONIERE Cap`o*niere", n. Etym: [F. caponnière, fr. Sp. caponera, orig., a cage for fattening capons, hence, a place of refuge; cf. It. capponiera. See Capon.] (Fort.)

Defn: A work made across or in the ditch, to protect it from the enemy, or to serve as a covered passageway.

CAPONIZE
Ca"pon*ize, v. t.

Defn: To castrate, as a fowl.

CAPORAL
Ca`po*ral" (kä`po*räl"), n. [Sp. See Corporal, n.]

Defn: One who directs work; an overseer. [Sp. Amer.]

CAPOT
Ca*pot", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A winning of all the tricks at the game of piquet. It counts for forty points. Hoyle.

CAPOT
Ca*pot", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Capotted.]

Defn: To win all the tricks from, in playing at piquet.

CAPO TASTO
Ca"po tas"to. [It. capotasto.] (Music)

Defn: A sort of bar or movable nut, attached to the finger board of a guitar or other fretted instrument for the purpose of raising uniformly the pitch of all the strings.

CAPOTE Ca*pote", n. Etym: [Sp. capote (cf. F. capote.), fr. LL. capa cape, cloak. See Cap.]

Defn: A long cloak or overcoat, especially one with a hood.

CAPOUCH
Ca*pouch", n. & v. t.

Defn: Same as Capoch.

CAPPADINE
Cap"pa*dine, n.

Defn: A floss or waste obtained from the cocoon after the silk has been reeled off, used for shag.

CAPPAPER
Cap"pa`per,

Defn: See cap, n., also Paper, n.

CAPPEAK
Cap"peak`, n.

Defn: The front piece of a cap; — now more commonly called visor.

CAPPELINE
Cap"pe*line`, n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. capella. See Chapel.] (Med.)

Defn: A hood-shaped bandage for the head, the shoulder, or the stump of an amputated limb.

CAPPELLA
Cap*pel"la, n.

Defn: See A cappella.

CAPPER
Cap"per, n.

1. One whose business is to make or sell caps.

2. A by-bidder; a decoy for gamblers [Slang, U. S.].

3. An instrument for applying a percussion cap to a gun or cartridge.

CAPPING PLANE
Cap"ping plane`. (Join.)

Defn: A plane used for working the upper surface of staircase rails.

CAPRA
Ca"pra, n. Etym: [L., a she goat.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of ruminants, including the common goat.

CAPRATE
Cap"rate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of capric acid.

CAPREOLATE Cap"re*o*late, a. Etym: [L. capreolus wild goat, tendril, fr.caper goat: cf. F. capréolé.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having a tendril or tendrils.

CAPREOLINE
Cap"re*o*line, a. Etym: [L. capreolus wild goat, fr. caper goat.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the roebuck.

CAPRI
Ca"pri, n.

Defn: Wine produced on the island of Capri, commonly a light, dry, white wine.

CAPRIC
Cap"ric, a. Etym: [L. caper goat.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to capric acid or its derivatives. Capric acid, C9H9.CO2H, Caprylic acid, C7H15.CO2H, and Caproic acid, C5H11.CO2H, are fatty acids occurring in small quantities in butter, cocoanut oil, etc., united with glycerin; they are colorless oils, or white crystalline solids, of an unpleasant odor like that of goats or sweat.

CAPRICCIO
Ca*pric"cio, n. Etym: [It. See Caprice.]

1. (Mus.)

Defn: A piece in a free form, with frequent digressions from the theme; a fantasia; — often called caprice.

2. A caprice; a freak; a fancy. Shak.

CAPRICE
Ca*price", n. Etym: [F. caprice, It. capriccio, caprice (perh. orig.
a fantastical goat leap), fr. L. caper, capra, goat. Cf Capriole,
Cab, Caper, v. i.]

1. An abrupt change in feeling, opinion, or action, proceeding from some whim or fancy; a freak; a notion. "Caprices of appetite." W. Irving.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: See Capriccio.

Syn.
— Freak; whim; crotchet; fancy; vagary; humor; whimsey; fickleness.

CAPRICIOSO; CAPRICCIOSO
Ca*pri*cio"so, Ca*pric*cio"so, a. Etym: [It.] (Mus)

Defn: In a free, fantastic style.

CAPRICIOUS
Ca*pri"cious, a. Etym: [Cf. F. capricleux, It. capriccioso.]

Defn: Governed or characterized by caprice; apt to change suddenly;
freakish; whimsical; changeable. "Capricious poet." Shak. "Capricious
humor." Hugh Miller.
A capricious partiality to the Romish practices. Hallam.

Syn.
— Freakish; whimsical; fanciful; fickle; crotchety; fitful;
wayward; changeable; unsteady; uncertain; inconstant; arbitrary.
— Ca*pri"cious*ly, adv.
— Ca*pri"cious*ness, n.

CAPRICORN
Cap"ri*corn, n. Etym: [L. capricornus; caper goat + cornu horn: cf.
F. capricorne.]

1. (Astron.)

Defn: The tenth sign of zodiac, into which the sun enters at the winter solstice, about December 21. See Tropic. The sun was entered into Capricorn. Dryden.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: A southern constellation, represented on ancient monuments by the figure of a goat, or a figure with its fore part like a fish. Capricorn beetle (Zoöl.), any beetle of the family Carambucidæ; one of the long-horned beetles. The larvæ usually bore into the wood or bark of trees and shurbs and are often destructive. See Girdler, Pruner.

CAPRID
Cap"rid, a. Etym: [L. caper, capra, goat.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the tribe of ruminants of which the goat, or genus Capra, is the type.

CAPRIFICATION Cap"ri*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. caprificatio, fr. caprificare to ripen figs by caprification, fr. caprificus the wild fig; caper goat + ficus fig.]

Defn: The practice of hanging, upon the cultivated fig tree, branches of the wild fig infested with minute hymenopterous insects.

Note: It is supposed that the little insects insure fertilization by carrying the pollen from the male flowers near the opening of the fig down to the female flowers, and also accelerate ripening the fruit by puncturing it. The practice has existed since ancient times, but its benefit has been disputed.

CAPRIFOLE
Cap"ri*fole, n. Etym: [L. caper goat + folium leaf.]

Defn: The woodbine or honeysuckle. Spenser.

CAPRIFOLIACEOUS
Cap"ri*fo`li*a`ceous, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the Honeysuckle family of plants (Caprifoliacæ.

CAPRIFORM
Cap"ri*form, a. Etym: [L. caper goat + -form.]

Defn: Having the form of a goat.

CAPRIGENOUS Ca*prig"e*nous, a. Etym: [L. caprigenus; caper goat + gegnere to produce.]

Defn: Of the goat kind.

CAPRINE
Cap"rine, a. Etym: [L. caprinus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a goat; as, caprine gambols.

CAPRIOLE Cap"ri*ole, n. Etym: [F. capriole, cabriole, It. capriola, fr. L. caper goat. Cf. Caper, v. i. Cabriole, Caprice, Cheveril.]

1. (Man.)

Defn: A leap that a horse makes with all fours, upwards only, without advancing, but with a kick or jerk of the hind legs when at the height of the leap.

2. A leap or caper, as in dancing. "With lofty turns and caprioles." Sir J. Davies.

CAPRIOLE
Cap"ri*ole, v. i.

Defn: To perform a capriole. Carlyle.

CAPRIPED
Cap"ri*ped, a. Etym: [L. capripers; caper goat + pes pedis, foot.]

Defn: Having feet like those of a goat.

CAPROATE
Cap"ro*ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of caproic acid.

CAPROIC
Ca*pro"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: See under Capric.

CAPRYLATE
Cap"ry*late, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of caprylic acid.

CAPRYLIC
Ca*pryl"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: See under Capric.

CAPSAICIN
Cap*sa"i*cin, n. Etym: [From Capsicum.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless crystalline substance extracted from the Capsicum annuum, and giving off vapors of intense acridity.

CAPSHEAF
Cap"sheaf`, n.

Defn: The top sheaf of a stack of grain: (fig.) the crowning or finishing part of a thing.

CAPSICIN
Cap"si*cin, n. Etym: [From Capsicum.] (Chem.)

Defn: A red liquid or soft resin extracted from various species of capsicum.

CAPSICINE
Cap"si*cine, n. Etym: [From Capsicum.] (Chem.)

Defn: A valatile alkaloid extracted from Capsicum annuum or from capsicin.

CAPSICUM
Cap"si*cum, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. capsa box, chest.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants of many species, producing capsules or dry berries of various forms, which have an exceedingly pungent, biting taste, and when ground form the red of Cayenne pepper of commerce.

Note: The most important species are Capsicum baccatum or birs pepper. C, annuum or chili pepper, C. frutesens or spur pepper, and C. annuum or Guinea pepeer, which includes the bell pepper and other common garden varieties. The fruit is much used, both in its green and ripe state, in pickles and in cookery. See Cayenne pepper.

CAPSIZE
Cap*size", v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Capsized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Capsizing.] Etym: [Cf. Sp. cabecear to nod, pitch, capuzar, chapuzar,
to sink (a vessel) by the head; both fr. L. caput head.]

Defn: To upset or overturn, as a vessel or other body.
But what if carrying sail capsize the boat Byron.

CAPSIZE
Cap"size`, n.

Defn: An upset or overturn.

CAPSQUARE
Cap"*square, n. (Gun.)

Defn: A metal covering plate which passes over the trunnions of a cannon, and holds it in place.

CAPSTAN Cap"stan, n. Etym: [F. cabestan, fr. Sp. cabestrante, cabrestante, fr. cabestrar to bind with a halter, fr. cabestrohalter, fr. L. capistrum halter, fr. capere to hold (see Capacious); or perh. the Spanish is fr. L. caper goat + stans, p. pr. of stare to stand; cf. F. chèvre she-goat, also a machine for raising heavy weights.]

Defn: A vertical cleated drum or cylinder, revolving on an upright spindle, and surmounted by a drumhead with sockets for bars or levers. It is much used, especially on shipboard, for moving or raising heavy weights or exerting great power by traction upon a rope or cable, passing around the drum. It is operated either by steam power or by a number of men walking around the capstan, each pushing on the end of a lever fixed in its socket. [Sometimes spelt Capstern, but improperly.] Capstan bar, one of the long bars or levers by which the capstan is worked; a handspike.. — To pawl the capstan, to drop the pawls so that they will catch in the notches of the pawl ring, and prevent the capstan from turning back. — To rig the capstan, to prepare the for use, by putting the bars in the sockets. — To surge the capstan, to slack the tension of the rope or cable wound around it.

CAPSTONE
Cap"stone`, n. (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil echinus of the genus Cannulus; — so called from its supposed resemblance to a cap.

CAPSULAR; CAPSULARY
Cap"su*lar, Cap"su*la*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. capsulaire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a capsule; having the nature of a capsula; hollow and fibrous. Capsular ligament (Anat.), a ligamentous bag or capsule surrounding many movable joints in the skeleton.

CAPSULATE; CAPSULATED
Cap"su*late, Cap"su*la`ted, a.

Defn: Inclosed in a capsule, or as in a chest or box.

CAPSULE Cap"sule, n. Etym: [L. capsula a little box or chest, fr. capsa chest, case, fr. capere to take, contain: cf. F. capsule.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: a dry fruit or pod which is made up of several parts or carpels, and opens to discharge the seeds, as, the capsule of the poppy, the flax, the lily, etc.

2. (Chem.) (a) A small saucer of clay for roasting or melting samples of ores, etc.; a scorifier. (b) a small, shallow, evaporating dish, usually of porcelain.

3. (Med.)

Defn: A small cylindrical or spherical gelatinous envelope in which nauseous or acrid doses are inclosed to be swallowed.

4. (Anat.)

Defn: A membranous sac containing fluid, or investing an organ or joint; as, the capsule of the lens of the eye. Also, a capsulelike organ.

5. A metallic seal or cover for closing a bottle,

6. A small cup or shell, as of metal, for a percussion cap, cartridge, etc. Atrabiliary capsule. See under Atrabiliary. — Glisson's capsule, a membranous envelope, entering the liver along with the portal vessels and insheathing the latter in their course through the organ. — Suprarenal capsule, an organ of unknown function, above or in front of each kidney.

CAPSULITIS
Cap`su*li"tis, n. [NL.; E. capsule + -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of a capsule, as that of the crystalline lens.

CAPSULOTOMY
Cap`su*lot"o*my, n. [Capsule + Gr. to cut.] (Surg.)

Defn: The incision of a capsule, esp. of that of the crystalline lens, as in a cataract operation.

CAPTAIN Cap"tain, n. Etym: [OE. capitain, captain, OF. capitain, F. capitaine (cf. Sp. capitan, It. capitano), LL. capitaneus, capitanus, fr. L. caput the head. See under Chief, and cf. Chieftain.]

1. A head, or chief officer; as: (a) The military officer who commands a company, troop, or battery, or who has the rank entitling him to do so though he may be employed on other service. (b) An officer in the United States navy, next above a commander and below a commodore, and ranking with a colonel in the ermy. (c) By courtesy, an officer actually commanding a vessel, although not having the rank of captain. (d) The master or commanding officer of a merchant vessel. (e) One in charge of a portion of a ship's company; as, a captain of a top, captain of a gun, etc. (f) The foreman of a body of workmen. (g) A person having authority over others acting in concert; as, the captain of a boat's crew; the captain of a football team. A trainband captain eke was he. Cowper. The Rhodian captain, relying on . . . the lightness of his vessel, passed, in open day, through all the guards. Arbuthnot.

2. A military leader; a warrior. Foremost captain of his time. Tennyson. Captain general. (a) The commander in chief of an army or armies, or of the militia. (b) The Spanish governor of Cuba and its dependent islands. — Captain lieutenant, a lieutenant with the rank and duties of captain but with a lieutenant's pay, — as in the first company of an English regiment.

CAPTAIN
Cap"tain, v. t.

Defn: To act as captain of; to lead. [R.]
Men who captained or accompanied the exodus from existing forms.
Lowell.

CAPTAIN
Cap"tain, a.

Defn: Chief; superior. [R.] captain jewes in the carcanet. Shak.

CAPTAINCY
Cap"tain*cy, n.; pl. Captaincies (.

Defn: The rank, post, or commission of a captain. Washington. Captaincy general, the office, power, teritory, or jurisdiction of a captain general; as, the captaincy general of La Habana (Cuba and its islands).

CAPTAINRY
Cap"tain*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. F. capitainerie.]

Defn: Power, or command, over a certain district; chieftainship.
[Obs.]

CAPTAINSHIP
Cap"tain*ship, n.

1. The condition, rank, post, or authority of a captain or chief commander. "To take the captainship." Shak.

2. Military skill; as, to show good captainship.

CAPTATION Cap*ta`tion, n. Etym: [L. captatio, fr. captare to catch, intens of caper to take: cf. F. captation.]

Defn: A courting of favor or applause, by flattery or address; a captivating quality; an attraction. [Obs.] Without any of those dresses, or popular captations, which some men use in their speeches. Eikon Basilike.

CAPTION Cap"tion, n. Etym: [L. captio, fr. caper to take. In senses 3 and 4, perhaps confounded in meaning with L. caput a head. See Capacious.]

1. A caviling; a sophism. [Obs.] This doctrine is for caption and contradiction. Bacon.

2. The act of taking or arresting a person by judicial process. [R.] Bouvier.

3. (Law)

Defn: That part of a legal instrument, as a commission, indictment, etc., which shows where, when, and by what authority, it taken, found, or executed. Bouvier. Wharton.

4. The heading of a chapter, section, or page. [U. S.]

CAPTIOUS
Cap"tious, a. Etym: [F. captieux, L. captiosus. See Caption.]

1. Art to catch at faults; disposed to find fault or to cavil; eager to object; difficult to please. A captius and suspicious. Stillingfleet. I am sensible I have not disposed my materials to adbide the test of a captious controversy. Bwike.

2. Fitted to harass, perplex, or insnare; insidious; troublesome. Captious restraints on navigation. Bancroft.

Syn. — Caviling, carping, fault-finding; censorious; hypercritical; peevish, fretful; perverse; troublesome. — Captious, caviling, Carping. A captious person is one who has a fault-finding habit or manner, or is disposed to catch at faults, errors, etc., with quarrelsome intent; a caviling person is disposed to raise objections on frivolous grounds; carping implies that one is given to ill-natured, persistent, or unreasonable fault-finding, or picking up of the words or actions of others. Caviling is the carping of argument, carping the caviling of ill temper. C. J. Smith.

CAPTIOUSLY
Cap"tious*ly, adv.

Defn: In a captious manner.

CAPTIOUSNESS
Cap"tious*ness, n.

Defn: Captious disposition or manner.

CAPTIVATE
Cap"ti*vate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Captivated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Captivating.] Etym: [L. captivatus, p. p. of captivare to capture,
fr. captivus captive. See Captive.]

1. To take prisoner; to capture; to subdue. [Obs.] Their woes whom fortune captivates. Shak.

2. To acquire ascendancy over by reason of some art or attraction; to fascinate; to charm; as, Cleopatra captivated Antony; the orator captivated all hearts. Small landscapes of captivating loveliness. W. Irving.

Syn. — To enslave; subdue; overpower; charm; enchant; bewitch; facinate; capture; lead captive.

CAPTIVATE
Cap"ti*vate, p. a. Etym: [L. captivatus.]

Defn: Taken prisoner; made captive; insnared; charmed.
Women have been captivate ere now. Shak.

CAPTIVATING
Cap"ti*va`ting, a.

Defn: Having power to captivate or cham; fascinating; as, captivating
smiles.
— Cap"tiva`ting*ly, adv.

CAPTIVATION
Cap"ti*va`tion, n. Etym: [L. capticatio.]

Defn: The act of captivating. [R.]
The captivation of our understanding. Bp. Hall.

CAPTIVE
Cap"tive, n. Etym: [L. captivus, fr. capere to take: cf. F. captif.
See Caitiff.]

1. A prisoner taken by force or stratagem, esp., by an enemy, in war; one kept in bondage or in the power of another. Then, when I am thy captive, talk of chains. Milton.

2. One charmed or subdued by beaty, excellence, or affection; one who is captivated.

CAPTIVE
Cap"tive, a.

1. Made prisoner, especially in war; held in bondage or in confinement. A poor, miserable, captive thrall. Milton.

2. Subdued by love; charmed; captivated. Even in so short a space, my wonan's heart Grossly grew captive to his honey words. Shak.

3. Of or pertaining to bondage or confinement; serving to confine; as, captive chains; captive hours.

CAPTIVE
Cap"tive, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Captived; p. pr. & vb. n. Captiving.]

Defn: To take prisoner; to capture.
Their inhabitans slaughtered and captived. Burke.

CAPTIVITY
Cap*tiv"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. captivitas: cf. F. captivité.]

1. The state of being a captive or a prisoner. More celebrated in his captivity that in his greatest triumphs. Dryden.

2. A state of being under control; subjection of the will or affections; bondage. Sink in the soft captivity together. Addison.

Syn. — Imprisonment; confinement; bondage; subjection; servitude; slavery; thralldom; serfdom.

CAPTOR
Cap"tor, n. Etym: [L., a cather (of animals), fr. caper to take.]

Defn: One who captures any person or thing, as a prisoner or a prize.

CAPTURE
Cap"ture, n. Etym: [L. capture, fr. caper to take: cf. F. capture.
See Caitiff, and cf. aptive.]

1. The act of seizing by force, or getting possession of by superior power or by stratagem; as, the capture of an enemy, a vessel, or a criminal. Even with regard to captures made at sea. Bluckstone.

2. The securing of an object of strife or desire, as by the power of some attraction.

3. The thing taken by force, surprise, or stratagem; a prize; prey.

Syn.
— Seizure; apprehension; arrest; detention.

CAPTURE
Cap"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Captured; p. pr. & vb. n. Capturing.]

Defn: To seize or take possession of by force, surprise, or stratagem; to overcome and hold; to secure by effort. Her heart is like some fortress that has been captured. W. Ivring.

CAPUCCIO
Ca*puc"cio, n. Etym: [It. cappucio. See Capoch.]

Defn: A capoch or hood. [Obs.] Spenser.

CAPUCHED
Ca*puched", a. Etym: [See Capoch.]

Defn: Cover with, or as with, a hood. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

CAPUCHIN Cap`u*chin", n. Etym: [F. capucin a monk who wears a cowl, fr. It. cappuccio hood. See Capoch.]

1. (Eccl.)

Defn: A Franciscan monk of the austere branch established in 1526 by
Matteo di Baschi, distinguished by wearing the long pointed cowl or
capoch of St. Francis.
A bare-footed and long-bearded capuchin. Sir W. Scott.

2. A garment for women, consisting of a cloak and hood, resembling, or supposed to resemble, that of capuchin monks.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) A long-tailed South American monkey (Cabus capucinus), having the forehead naked and wrinkled, with the hair on the crown reflexed and resembling a monk's cowl, the rest being of a grayish white; — called also capucine monkey, weeper, sajou, sapajou, and sai. (b) Other species of Cabus, as C. fatuellus (the brown or horned capucine.), C. albifrons (the cararara), and C. apella. (c) A variety of the domestic pigeon having a hoodlike tuft of feathers on the head and sides of the neck. Capuchin nun, one of an austere order of Franciscan nuns which came under Capuchin rule in 1538. The order had recently been founded by Maria Longa.

CAPUCINE
Cap"u*cine, n.

Defn: See Capuchin, 3.

CAPULET
Cap"u*let, n. (Far.)

Defn: Same as Capellet.

CAPULIN
Cap"u*lin, n. Etym: [Sp. capuli.]

Defn: The Mexican chery (Prunus Capollin).

CAPUT
Ca"put, n.; pl. Capita. Etym: [L., the head.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The head; also, a knoblike protuberance or capitulum.

2. The top or superior part of a thing.

3. (Eng.)