Principia mathematica, vol. 1 (of 3)
by Alfred North Whitehead
Read Principia mathematica, vol. 1 (of 3) by Alfred North Whitehead online, free: 80 chapters, public domain, on Papyras.
Contents
- Errata
- Preface
- Introduction
- Chapter I. Preliminary Explanations of Ideas and Notations
- Chapter II. The Theory of Logical Types
- Chapter III. Incomplete Symbols
- Summary of Part I
- Section A. The Theory of Deduction
- 1. Primitive Ideas and Propositions
- *2. Immediate Consequences of the Primitive Propositions
- *3. The Logical Product of Two Propositions
- *4. Equivalence and Formal Rules
- *5. Miscellaneous Propositions
- *9. Extension of the Theory of Deduction from Lower to Higher Types of Propositions
- *10. Theory of Propositions Containing One Apparent Variable
- *11. Theory of Two Apparent Variables
- *12. The Hierarchy of Types and the Axiom of Reducibility
- *13. Identity
- *14. Descriptions
- *20. General Theory of Classes
- *21. General Theory of Relations
- *22. Calculus of Classes
- *23. Calculus of Relations
- *24. The Universal Class, the Null-Class, and the Existence of Classes
- *25. The Universal Relation, the Null Relation, and the Existence of Relations
- Section D. Logic of Relations
- *30. Descriptive Functions
- *31. Converses of Relations
- *32. Referents and Relata of a Given Term with Respect to a Given Relation
- *33. Domains, Converse Domains, and Fields of Relations
- *34. The Relative Product of Two Relations
- *35. Relations with Limited Domains and Converse Domains
- *36. Relations with Limited Fields
- *37. Plural Descriptive Functions
- *38. Relations and Classes Derived from a Double Descriptive Function
- Note to Section D
- Section E. Products and Sums of Classes
- *40. Products and Sums of Classes of Classes
- *41. The Product and Sum of a Class of Relations
- *42. Miscellaneous Propositions
- *43. The Relations of a Relative Product to Its Factors
- Summary of Part II
- Section A. Unit Classes and Couples
- *50. Identity and Diversity as Relations
- *51. Unit Classes
- *52. The Cardinal Number 1
- *53. Miscellaneous Propositions Involving Unit Classes
- *54. Cardinal Couples
- *55. Ordinal Couples
- *56. The Ordinal Number
- Section B. Sub-Classes, Sub-Relations, and Relative Types
- *60. The Sub-Classes of a Given Class
- *61. The Sub-Relations of a Given Relation
- *62. The Relation of Membership of a Class
- *63. Relative Types of Classes
- *64. Relative Types of Relations
- *65. On the Typical Definition of Ambiguous Symbols
- Section C. One-Many, Many-One, and One-One Relations
- *70. Relations Whose Classes of Referents and of Relata Belong to Given Classes
- *71. One-Many, Many-One, and One-One Relations
- *72. Miscellaneous Propositions Concerning One-Many, Many-One, and One-One Relations
- *73. Similarity of Classes
- *74. On One-Many and Many-One Relations with Limited Fields
- Section D. Selections
- *80. Elementary Properties of Selections
- *81. Selections from Many-One Relations
- *82. Selections from Relative Products
- *83. Selections from Classes of Classes
- *84. Classes of Mutually Exclusive Classes
- *85. Miscellaneous Propositions
- *88. Conditions for the Existence of Selections
- Section E. Inductive Relations
- *90. On the Ancestral Relation
- *91. On Powers of a Relation
- *92. Powers of One-Many and Many-One Relations
- *93. Inductive Analysis of the Field of a Relation
- *94. On Powers of Relative Products
- *95. On the Equi-Factor Relation
- *96. On the Posterity of a Term
- *97. Analysis of the Field of a Relation Into Families