Appendix IV

Groups of Related (Cognate) Words

English derivative.

√AC = sharp.

āc-er = sharp. eager (F. aigre).

ăc-erbus = harsh, cruel. acerbity (= harshness).

ăc-ervus = a heap.

ăc-ies = edge, keen look.
army in battle array. Fr. acier (= steel).

ăc-idus = sour. acid.

ăc-uo = to sharpen.

ăc-utus = sharpened, sharp. acute (Fr. aigu).

ăc-umen = a point, acuteness. acumen.

ăc-us = a needle. Fr. aiguille.

√AUG = be active, strong.

aug-eo = increase.

aug-mentum = an increase. augment.

auc-tio

= a sale by increase of bids,
an auction

auction.

auc-tor = a maker, producer. author.

auc-toritas

= a producing, authority.

authority.

aug-ustus = majestic, august. august.

aux-ilium = aid, help. auxiliary.

√CAP = take hold of, seize.

căp-io = take hold of. captive.

căp-ax = capacious. capacious.

căp-ulus

= handle, hilt of a sword.

ac-cĭp-io
(ad + capio) = take to, receive. accept.

ex-cĭp-io
(ex + capio) = take up. exception.

man-cĭp-ium
(manus + capio) = property, a slave. emancipate.

muni-cĭp-ium
(munia + capio) = a free town. municipal.

prin-ceps
(primus + capio) = first, chief. principal.
prince.

√GEN-, GNA- = beget, become, produce.

gi-gn-o
(= gi-gĕn-o) = to beget. indigenous.

gĕn-i-tor = a father. (pro)genitor.

gen-s = clan, house, race. gentile.

in-gens = vast.

gĕn-us = birth, race. genus (Fr. genre).

in-gĕn-ium = innate quality, character.

in-gĕn-uus = native, free-born, frank. ingenuous.

in-gĕn-iosus

= of good natural abilities.

ingenious.

pro-gĕn-ies = descent, descendants. progenitor.

gĕn-er = son-in-law.

gĕn-ius

= the innate superior nature,
tutelary (protecting) deity.

genius.

indi-gĕn-a = nature. indigenous.

gĕn-erōsus

= of noble birth, noble-minded

generous.

gĕn-ĕro = to beget, produce. generate.

gĕn-ĕtivus

= of or belonging to birth,
genitive.

genitive.

na-scor
= gna-scor = to be born. native.

nā-tūra = nature. nature.

nā-tio = birth, a race. nation.