W (part 3)

Defn: To lie in folds; also, to appear as if laid in folds or plaits; to ripple; to undulate. "Wimpling waves." Longfellow. For with a veil, that wimpled everywhere, Her head and face was hid. Spenser. With me through . . . meadows stray, Where wimpling waters make their way. Ramsay.

WIN
Win, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Won, Obs. Wan (; p. pr. & vb. n. Winning.]
Etym: [OE. winnen, AS. winnan to strive, labor, fight, endure; akin
to OFries. winna, OS. winnan, D. winnen to win, gain, G. gewinnen,
OHG. winnan to strive, struggle, Icel. vinna to labor, suffer, win,
Dan. vinde to win, Sw. vinna, Goth. winnan to suffer, Skr.van to
wish, get, gain, conquer. sq. root138. Cf. Venerate, Winsome, Wish,
Wont, a.]

1. To gain by superiority in competition or contest; to obtain by victory over competitors or rivals; as, to win the prize in a gate; to win money; to win a battle, or to win a country. "This city for to win." Chaucer. "Who thus shall Canaan win." Milton. Thy well-breathed horse Impels the flying car, and wins the course. Dryden.

2. To allure to kindness; to bring to compliance; to gain or obtain, as by solicitation or courtship. Thy virtue wan me; with virtue preserve me. Sir P. Sidney. She is a woman; therefore to be won. Shak.

3. To gain over to one's side or party; to obtain the favor, friendship, or support of; to render friendly or approving; as, to win an enemy; to win a jury.

4. To come to by toil or effort; to reach; to overtake. [Archaic] Even in the porch he him did win. Spenser. And when the stony path began, By which the naked peak they wan, Up flew the snowy ptarmigan. Sir W. Scott.

5. (Mining)

Defn: To extract, as ore or coal. Raymond.

Syn.
— To gain; get; procure; earn. See Gain.

WIN
Win, v. i.

Defn: To gain the victory; to be successful; to triumph; to prevail. Nor is it aught but just That he, who in debate of truth hath won, should win in arms. Milton. To win of, to be conqueror over. [Obs.] Shak. — To win on or upon. (a) To gain favor or influence with. "You have a softness and beneficence winning on the hearts of others." Dryden. (b) To gain ground on. "The rabble . . . will in time win upon power." Shak.

WINCE Wince, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Winced; p. pr. & vb. n. Wincing.] Etym: [OE. wincen, winchen, OF. quencir, guenchir, guenchier, giencier, guinchier, and (assumed) winchier, winchir, to give way, to turn aside, fr. OHG. wankjan, wenken, to give way, to waver, fr. winchan to turn aside, to nod, akin to E. wink. See Wink.]

1. To shrink, as from a blow, or from pain; to flinch; to start back. I will not stir, nor wince, nor speak a word. Shak.

2. To kick or flounce when unsteady, or impatient at a rider; as, a horse winces.

WINCE
Wince, n.

Defn: The act of one who winces.

WINCE
Wince, n. Etym: [See Winch.] (Dyeing & Calico Printing)

Defn: A reel used in dyeing, steeping, or washing cloth; a winch. It is placed over the division wall between two wince pits so as to allow the cloth to descend into either compartment. at will. Wince pit, Wince pot, a tank or a pit where cloth in the process of dyeing or manufacture is washed, dipped in a mordant, or the like.

WINCER
Win"cer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, winces, shrinks, or kicks.

WINCEY
Win"cey, n.

Defn: Linsey-woolsey.

WINCH
Winch, v. i. Etym: [See Wince.]

Defn: To wince; to shrink; to kick with impatience or uneasiness.

WINCH
Winch, n.

Defn: A kick, as of a beast, from impatience or uneasiness. Shelton.

WINCH Winch, n. Etym: [OE. winche, AS. wince a winch, a reel to wind thread upon. Cf. Wink.]

1. A crank with a handle, for giving motion to a machine, a grindstone, etc.

2. An instrument with which to turn or strain something forcibly.

3. An axle or drum turned by a crank with a handle, or by power, for raising weights, as from the hold of a ship, from mines, etc.; a windlass.

4. A wince.

WINCING
Win"cing, n.

Defn: The act of washing cloth, dipping it in dye, etc., with a wince. Wincing machine. (a) A wince. Ure. (b) A succession of winces. See Wince. Knight.

WINCOPIPE
Win"co*pipe, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A little red flower, no doubt the pimpernel, which, when it opens in the morning, is supposed to bode a fair day. See Pimpernel. There is small red flower in the stubble fields, which country people call the wincopipe; which if it opens in the morning, you may be sure a fair day will follow. Bacon.

WIND Wind, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wound (wound) (rarely Winded); p. pr. & vb. n. Winding.] Etym: [OE. winden, AS. windan; akin to OS. windan, D. & G. winden, OHG. wintan, Icel. & Sw. vinda, Dan. vinde, Goth. windan (in comp.). Cf. Wander, Wend.]

1. To turn completely, or with repeated turns; especially, to turn about something fixed; to cause to form convolutions about anything; to coil; to twine; to twist; to wreathe; as, to wind thread on a spool or into a ball. Whether to wind The woodbine round this arbor. Milton.

2. To entwist; to infold; to encircle. Sleep, and I will wind thee in arms. Shak.

3. To have complete control over; to turn and bend at one's pleasure; to vary or alter or will; to regulate; to govern. "To turn and wind a fiery Pegasus." Shak. In his terms so he would him wind. Chaucer. Gifts blind the wise, and bribes do please And wind all other witnesses. Herrick. Were our legislature vested in the prince, he might wind and turn our constitution at his pleasure. Addison.

4. To introduce by insinuation; to insinuate. You have contrived . . . to wind Yourself into a power tyrannical. Shak. Little arts and dexterities they have to wind in such things into discourse. Gov. of Tongue.

5. To cover or surround with something coiled about; as, to wind a rope with twine. To wind off, to unwind; to uncoil. — To wind out, to extricate. [Obs.] Clarendon. — To wind up. (a) To coil into a ball or small compass, as a skein of thread; to coil completely. (b) To bring to a conclusion or settlement; as, to wind up one's affairs; to wind up an argument. (c) To put in a state of renewed or continued motion, as a clock, a watch, etc., by winding the spring, or that which carries the weight; hence, to prepare for continued movement or action; to put in order anew. "Fate seemed to wind him up for fourscore years." Dryden. "Thus they wound up his temper to a pitch." Atterbury. (d) To tighten (the strings) of a musical instrument, so as to tune it. "Wind up the slackened strings of thy lute." Waller.

WIND
Wind, v. i.

1. To turn completely or repeatedly; to become coiled about anything; to assume a convolved or spiral form; as, vines wind round a pole. So swift your judgments turn and wind. Dryden.

2. To have a circular course or direction; to crook; to bend; to meander; as, to wind in and out among trees. And where the valley winded out below, The murmuring main was heard, and scarcely heard, to flow. Thomson. He therefore turned him to the steep and rocky path which . . . winded through the thickets of wild boxwood and other low aromatic shrubs. Sir W. Scott.

3. To go to the one side or the other; to move this way and that; to double on one's course; as, a hare pursued turns and winds. The lowing herd wind Gray. To wind out, to extricate one's self; to escape. Long struggling underneath are they could wind Out of such prison. Milton.

WIND
Wind, n.

Defn: The act of winding or turning; a turn; a bend; a twist; a winding.

WIND Wind (wînd, in poetry and singing often wind; 277), n. Etym: [AS. wind; akin to OS., OFries., D., & G. wind, OHG. wint, Dan. & Sw. vind, Icel. vindr, Goth winds, W. gwynt, L. ventus, Skr. vata (cf. Gr. 'ah`ths a blast, gale, 'ah^nai to breathe hard, to blow, as the wind); originally a p. pr. from the verb seen in Skr. va to blow, akin to AS. wawan, D. waaijen, G. wehen, OHG. waen, wajen, Goth. waian. sq. root131. Cf. Air, Ventail, Ventilate, Window, Winnow.]

1. Air naturally in motion with any degree of velocity; a current of air. Except wind stands as never it stood, It is an ill wind that turns none to good. Tusser . Winds were soft, and woods were green. Longfellow.

2. Air artificially put in motion by any force or action; as, the wind of a cannon ball; the wind of a bellows.

3. Breath modulated by the respiratory and vocal organs, or by an instrument. Their instruments were various in their kind, Some for the bow, and some for breathing wind. Dryden.

4. Power of respiration; breath. If my wind were but long enough to say my prayers, I would repent. Shak.

5. Air or gas generated in the stomach or bowels; flatulence; as, to be troubled with wind.

6. Air impregnated with an odor or scent. A pack of dogfish had him in the wind. Swift.

7. A direction from which the wind may blow; a point of the compass; especially, one of the cardinal points, which are often called the four winds. Come from the four winds, O breath, and breathe upon these slain. Ezek. xxxvii. 9.

Note: This sense seems to have had its origin in the East. The
Hebrews gave to each of the four cardinal points the name of wind.

8. (Far.)

Defn: A disease of sheep, in which the intestines are distended with air, or rather affected with a violent inflammation. It occurs immediately after shearing.

9. Mere breath or talk; empty effort; idle words. Nor think thou with wind Of airy threats to awe. Milton.

10. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The dotterel. [Prov. Eng.]

Note: Wind is often used adjectively, or as the first part of compound words. All in the wind. (Naut.) See under All, n. — Before the wind. (Naut.) See under Before. — Between wind and water (Naut.), in that part of a ship's side or bottom which is frequently brought above water by the rolling of the ship, or fluctuation of the water's surface. Hence, colloquially, (as an injury to that part of a vessel, in an engagement, is particularly dangerous) the vulnerable part or point of anything. — Cardinal winds. See under Cardinal, a. — Down the wind. (a) In the direction of, and moving with, the wind; as, birds fly swiftly down the wind. (b) Decaying; declining; in a state of decay. [Obs.] "He went down the wind still." L'Estrange. — In the wind's eye (Naut.), directly toward the point from which the wind blows. — Three sheets in the wind, unsteady from drink. [Sailors' Slang] - - To be in the wind, to be suggested or expected; to be a matter of suspicion or surmise. [Colloq.] — To carry the wind (Man.), to toss the nose as high as the ears, as a horse. — To raise the wind, to procure money. [Colloq.] — To take, or have, the wind, to gain or have the advantage. Bacon. — To take the wind out of one's sails, to cause one to stop, or lose way, as when a vessel intercepts the wind of another. [Colloq.] — To take wind, or To get wind, to be divulged; to become public; as, the story got wind, or took wind. — Wind band (Mus.), a band of wind instruments; a military band; the wind instruments of an orchestra. — Wind chest (Mus.), a chest or reservoir of wind in an organ. — Wind dropsy. (Med.) (a) Tympanites. (b) Emphysema of the subcutaneous areolar tissue. — Wind egg, an imperfect, unimpregnated, or addled egg. — Wind furnace. See the Note under Furnace. — Wind gauge. See under Gauge. — Wind gun. Same as Air gun. — Wind hatch (Mining), the opening or place where the ore is taken out of the earth. — Wind instrument (Mus.), an instrument of music sounded by means of wind, especially by means of the breath, as a flute, a clarinet, etc. — Wind pump, a pump moved by a windmill. — Wind rose, a table of the points of the compass, giving the states of the barometer, etc., connected with winds from the different directions. — Wind sail. (a) (Naut.) A wide tube or funnel of canvas, used to convey a stream of air for ventilation into the lower compartments of a vessel. (b) The sail or vane of a windmill. — Wind shake, a crack or incoherence in timber produced by violent winds while the timber was growing. — Wind shock, a wind shake. — Wind side, the side next the wind; the windward side. [R.] Mrs. Browning. — Wind rush (Zoöl.), the redwing. [Prov. Eng.] — Wind wheel, a motor consisting of a wheel moved by wind. — Wood wind (Mus.), the flutes and reed instruments of an orchestra, collectively.

WIND
Wind, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Winded; p. pr. & vb. n. Winding.]

1. To expose to the wind; to winnow; to ventilate.

2. To perceive or follow by the scent; to scent; to nose; as, the hounds winded the game.

3. (a) To drive hard, or force to violent exertion, as a horse, so as to render scant of wind; to put out of breath. (b) To rest, as a horse, in order to allow the breath to be recovered; to breathe. To wind a ship (Naut.), to turn it end for end, so that the wind strikes it on the opposite side.

WIND
Wind, v. t. Etym: [From Wind, moving air, but confused in sense and
in conjugation with wind to turn.] [imp. & p. p. Wound (wound), R.
Winded; p. pr. & vb. n. Winding.]

Defn: To blow; to sound by blowing; esp., to sound with prolonged and
mutually involved notes. "Hunters who wound their horns." Pennant.
Ye vigorous swains, while youth ferments your blood, . . . Wind the
shrill horn. Pope.
That blast was winded by the king. Sir W. Scott.

WINDAGE
Wind"age, n. Etym: [From Wind air in motion.]

1. (Gun.)

Defn: The difference between the diameter of the bore of a gun and that of the shot fired from it.

2. The sudden compression of the air caused by a projectile in passing close to another body.

WINDAS
Wind"as, n.

Defn: See 3d Windlass. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WINDBORE
Wind"bore`, n.

Defn: The lower, or bottom, pipe in a lift of pumps in a mine.
Ansted.

WINDBOUND
Wind"bound`, a. (Naut.)

Defn: prevented from sailing, by a contrary wind. See Weatherbound.

WIND-BREAK
Wind"-break`, v. t.

Defn: To break the wind of; to cause to lose breath; to exhaust. [R.]
'T would wind-break a mule to vie burdens with her. Ford.

WIND-BREAK
Wind"-break`, n.

Defn: A clump of trees serving for a protection against the force of wind. [Local, U. S.]

WIND-BROKEN
Wind"-bro`ken, a.

Defn: Having the power of breathing impaired by the rupture, dilatation, or running together of air cells of the lungs, so that while the inspiration is by one effort, the expiration is by two; affected with pulmonary emphysema or with heaves; — said of a horse. Youatt.

WINDER
Wind"er, n. Etym: [From Wind to turn.]

1. One who, or that which, winds; hence, a creeping or winding plant.

2. An apparatus used for winding silk, cotton, etc., on spools, bobbins, reels, or the like.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: One in a flight of steps which are curved in plan, so that each tread is broader at one end than at the other; — distinguished from flyer.

WINDER
Wind"er, v. t. & i. Etym: [Prov. E. winder a fan, and to winnow.
Winnow.]

Defn: To fan; to clean grain with a fan. [Prov. Eng.]

WINDER
Wind"er, n.

Defn: A blow taking away the breath. [Slang]

WINDER
Wind"er, v. i.

Defn: To wither; to fail. [Obs.] Holland.

WINDFALL
Wind"fall`, n.

1. Anything blown down or off by the wind, as fruit from a tree, or the tree itself, or a portion of a forest prostrated by a violent wind, etc. "They became a windfall upon the sudden." Bacon.

2. An unexpected legacy, or other gain. He had a mighty windfall out of doubt. B. Jonson.

WINDFALLEN
Wind"fall`en, a.

Defn: Blown down by the wind.

WIND-FERTILIZED
Wind"-fer`ti*lized, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Anemophilous; fertilized by pollen borne by the wind.

WINDFLOWER
Wind"flow`er, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The anemone; — so called because formerly supposed to open only when the wind was blowing. See Anemone.

WINDGALL
Wind"gall`, n. (Far.)

Defn: A soft tumor or synovial swelling on the fetlock joint of a horse; — so called from having formerly been supposed to contain air.

WINDHOVER
Wind"hov`er, n. Etym: [From its habit of hovering over one spot.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: The kestrel; — called also windbibber, windcuffer, windfanner.
[Prov. Eng.]

WINDINESS
Wind"i*ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being windy or tempestuous; as, the windiness of the weather or the season.

2. Fullness of wind; flatulence.

3. Tendency to generate wind or gas; tendency to produce flatulence; as, the windiness of vegetables.

4. Tumor; puffiness. The swelling windiness of much knowledge. Brerewood.

WINDING
Wind"ing, n. Etym: [From Wind to blow.] (Naut.)

Defn: A call by the boatswain's whistle.

WINDING
Wind"ing, a. Etym: [From Wind to twist.]

Defn: Twisting from a direct line or an even surface; circuitous.
Keble.

WINDING
Wind"ing, n.

Defn: A turn or turning; a bend; a curve; flexure; meander; as, the windings of a road or stream. To nurse the saplings tall, and curl the grove With ringlets quaint, and wanton windings wove. Milton.

Defn: A line- or ribbon-shaped material (as wire, string, or bandaging) wound around an object; as, the windings (conducting wires) wound around the armature of an electric motor or generator. Winding engine, an engine employed in mining to draw up buckets from a deep pit; a hoisting engine. — Winding sheet, a sheet in which a corpse is wound or wrapped. — Winding tackle (Naut.), a tackle consisting of a fixed triple block, and a double or triple movable block, used for hoisting heavy articles in or out of a vessel. Totten.

WINDINGLY
Wind"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a winding manner.

WINDJAMMER
Wind"jam`mer, n.

1. (Naut.) A sailing vessel or one of its crew; — orig. so called contemptuously by sailors on steam vessels. [Colloq.]

2. An army bugler or trumpeter; any performer on a wind instrument. [Slang]

WINDLACE
Wind"lace, n. & v.

Defn: See Windlass. [Obs.]
Two arblasts, . . . with windlaces and quarrels. Sir W. Scott.

WINDLASS
Wind"lass, n.Etym: [Perhaps from wind to turn + lace.]

Defn: A winding and circuitous way; a roundabout course; a shift.

WINDLASS
Wind"lass, v. i.

Defn: To take a roundabout course; to work warily or by indirect means. [Obs.] Hammond.

WINDLASS Wind"lass, n. Etym: [OE. windelas, windas, Icel. vindilass, vindas, fr. vinda to wind + ass a pole; cf. Goth. ans a beam. See Wind to turn.]

1. A machine for raising weights, consisting of a horizontal cylinder or roller moving on its axis, and turned by a crank, lever, or similar means, so as to wind up a rope or chain attached to the weight. In vessels the windlass is often used instead of the capstan for raising the anchor. It is usually set upon the forecastle, and is worked by hand or steam.

2. An apparatus resembling a winch or windlass, for bending the bow of an arblast, or crossbow. [Obs.] Shak. Chinese windlass. See Differential windlass, under Differential.

WINDLASS
Wind"lass, v. t. & i.

Defn: To raise with, or as with, a windlass; to use a windlass. The
Century.

WINDLE
Win"dle, n. Etym: [From Wind to turn.]

1. A spindle; a kind of reel; a winch.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The redwing. [Prov. Eng.]

WINDLESS
Wind"less, a.

1. Having no wind; calm.

2. Wanting wind; out of breath.

WINDLESTRAE; WINDLESTRAW
Win"dle*strae`, Win"dle*straw`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A grass used for making ropes or for plaiting, esp. Agrostis
Spica-ventis. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Shelley.

WINDMILL
Wind"mill`, n.

Defn: A mill operated by the power of the wind, usually by the action of the wind upon oblique vanes or sails which radiate from a horizontal shaft. Chaucer.

WINDORE Win"dore, n. Etym: [A corrupt. of window; or perh. coined on the wrong assumption that window is from wind + door.]

Defn: A window. [Obs.] Hudibras.

WINDOW Win"dow, n. Etym: [OE. windowe, windoge, Icel. vindauga window, properly, wind eye; akin to Dan. vindue. Wind, n., and Eye.]

1. An opening in the wall of a building for the admission of light and air, usually closed by casements or sashes containing some transparent material, as glass, and capable of being opened and shut at pleasure. I leaped from the window of the citadel. Shak. Then to come, in spite of sorrow, And at my window bid good morrow. Milton.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: The shutter, casement, sash with its fittings, or other framework, which closes a window opening.

3. A figure formed of lines crossing each other. [R.] Till he has windows on his bread and butter. King.

French window (Arch.), a casement window in two folds, usually reaching to the floor; — called also French casement. — Window back (Arch.), the inside face of the low, and usually thin, piece of wall between the window sill and the floor below. — Window blind, a blind or shade for a window. — Window bole, part of a window closed by a shutter which can be opened at will. [Scot.] — Window box, one of the hollows in the sides of a window frame for the weights which counterbalance a lifting sash. — Window frame, the frame of a window which receives and holds the sashes or casement. — Window glass, panes of glass for windows; the kind of glass used in windows. — Window martin (Zoöl.), the common European martin. [Prov. Eng.] - - Window oyster (Zoöl.), a marine bivalve shell (Placuna placenta) native of the East Indies and China. Its valves are very broad, thin, and translucent, and are said to have been used formerly in place of glass. — Window pane. (a) (Arch.) See Pane, n., 3 (b). (b) (Zoöl.) See Windowpane, in the Vocabulary. — Window sash, the sash, or light frame, in which panes of glass are set for windows. — Window seat, a seat arranged in the recess of a window. See Window stool, under Stool. — Window shade, a shade or blind for a window; usually, one that is hung on a roller. — Window shell (Zoöl.), the window oyster. — Window shutter, a shutter or blind used to close or darken windows. — Window sill (Arch.), the flat piece of wood, stone, or the like, at the bottom of a window frame. — Window swallow (Zoöl.), the common European martin. [Prov. Eng.] — Window tax, a tax or duty formerly levied on all windows, or openings for light, above the number of eight in houses standing in cities or towns. [Eng.]

WINDOW
Win"dow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Windowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Windowing.]

1. To furnish with windows.

2. To place at or in a window. [R.] Wouldst thou be windowed in great Rome and see Thy master thus with pleach'd arms, bending down His corrigible neck Shak.

WINDOWED
Win"dowed, a.

Defn: Having windows or openings. [R.] "Looped and windowed raggedness." Shak.

WINDOWLESS
Win"dow*less, a.

Defn: Destitute of a window. Carlyle.

WINDOWPANE
Win"dow*pane`, n.

1. (Arch.)

Defn: See Pane, n., (3) b. [In this sense, written also window pane.]

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A thin, spotted American turbot (Pleuronectes maculatus) remarkable for its translucency. It is not valued as a food fish. Called also spotted turbot, daylight, spotted sand flounder, and water flounder.

WINDOWY
Win"dow*y, a.

Defn: Having little crossings or openings like the sashes of a window. [R.] Donne.

WINDPIPE
Wind"pipe`, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The passage for the breath from the larynx to the lungs; the trachea; the weasand. See Illust. under Lung.

WIND-PLANT
Wind"-plant`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A windflower.

WIND-RODE
Wind"-rode`, a. (Naut.)

Defn: Caused to ride or drive by the wind in opposition to the course of the tide; — said of a vessel lying at anchor, with wind and tide opposed to each other. Totten.

WINDROW
Wind"row`, n. Etym: [Wind + row.]

1. A row or line of hay raked together for the purpose of being rolled into cocks or heaps.

2. Sheaves of grain set up in a row, one against another, that the wind may blow between them. [Eng.]

3. The green border of a field, dug up in order to carry the earth on other land to mend it. [Eng.]

WINDROW
Wind"row, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Windrowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Windrowing.]

Defn: To arrange in lines or windrows, as hay when newly made. Forby.

WIND-SHAKEN
Wind"-shak`en, a.

Defn: Shaken by the wind; specif. (Forestry),

Defn: affected by wind shake, or anemosis (which see, above).

WIND SIGNAL
Wind signal.

Defn: In general, any signal announcing information concerning winds, and esp. the expected approach of winds whose direction and force are dangerous to shipping, etc. The wind-signal system of the United States Weather Bureau consists of storm, information, hurricane, hot wind, and inland storm signals.

WINDSOR
Wind"sor, n.

Defn: A town in Berkshire, England. Windsor bean. (Bot.) See under
Bean.
— Windsor chair, a kind of strong, plain, polished, wooden chair.
Simmonds.
— Windsor soap, a scented soap well known for its excellence.

WINDSTORM
Wind"storm, n.

Defn: A storm characterized by high wind with little or no rain.

WIND-SUCKER
Wind"-suck`er, n.

1. (Far.) A horse given to wind-sucking Law.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The kestrel. B. Jonson.

WIND-SUCKING
Wind"-suck`ing, n. (Far.)

Defn: A vicious habit of a horse, consisting in the swallowing of air; — usually associated with crib-biting, or cribbing. See Cribbing, 4.

WINDTIGHT
Wind"tight`, a.

Defn: So tight as to prevent the passing through of wind. Bp. Hall.

WIND-UP
Wind"-up`, n.

Defn: Act of winding up, or closing; a concluding act or part; the end.

WINDWARD
Wind"ward, n.

Defn: The point or side from which the wind blows; as, to ply to the windward; — opposed to Ant: leeward. To lay an anchor to the windward, a figurative expression, signifying to adopt precautionary or anticipatory measures for success or security.

WINDWARD
Wind"ward, a.

Defn: Situated toward the point from which the wind blows; as, the
Windward Islands.

WINDWARD
Wind"ward, adv.

Defn: Toward the wind; in the direction from which the wind blows.

WINDY
Wind"y, a. [Compar. Windier; superl. Windiest.] Etym: [AS. windig.]

1. Consisting of wind; accompanied or characterized by wind; exposed to wind. "The windy hill." M. Arnold. Blown with the windy tempest of my heart. Shak.

2. Next the wind; windward. It keeps on the windy side of care. Shak.

3. Tempestuous; boisterous; as, windy weather.

4. Serving to occasion wind or gas in the intestines; flatulent; as, windy food.

5. Attended or caused by wind, or gas, in the intestines. "A windy colic." Arbuthnot.

6. Fig.: Empty; airy. "Windy joy." Milton. Here's that windy applause, that poor, transitory pleasure, for which I was dishonored. South.

WINE
Wine, n. Etym: [OE. win, AS. win, fr. L. vinum (cf. Icel. vin; all
from the Latin); akin to Gr. o'i^nos, , and E. withy. Cf. Vine,
Vineyard, Vinous, Withy.]

1. The expressed juice of grapes, esp. when fermented; a beverage or liquor prepared from grapes by squeezing out their juice, and (usually) allowing it to ferment. "Red wine of Gascoigne." Piers Plowman. Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging, and whosoever is deceived thereby is not wise. Prov. xx. 1. Bacchus, that first from out the purple grape Crushed the sweet poison of misused wine. Milton.

Note: Wine is essentially a dilute solution of ethyl alcohol, containing also certain small quantities of ethers and ethereal salts which give character and bouquet. According to their color, strength, taste, etc., wines are called red, white, spirituous, dry, light, still, etc.

2. A liquor or beverage prepared from the juice of any fruit or plant by a process similar to that for grape wine; as, currant wine; gooseberry wine; palm wine.

3. The effect of drinking wine in excess; intoxication.
Noah awoke from his wine. Gen. ix. 24.
Birch wine, Cape wine, etc. See under Birch, Cape, etc.
— Spirit of wine. See under Spirit.
— To have drunk wine of ape or wine ape, to be so drunk as to be
foolish. [Obs.] Chaucer.
— Wine acid. (Chem.) See Tartaric acid, under Tartaric. [Colloq.] -
- Wine apple (Bot.), a large red apple, with firm flesh and a rich,
vinous flavor.
— Wine bag, a wine skin.
— Wine biscuit, a kind of sweet biscuit served with wine.
— Wine cask, a cask for holding wine, or which holds, or has held,
wine.
— Wine cellar, a cellar adapted or used for storing wine.
— Wine cooler, a vessel of porous earthenware used to cool wine by
the evaporation of water; also, a stand for wine bottles, containing
ice.a drink composed of approximately equal parts of wine and some
carbonated beverage (soda). Also called California cooler.
— Wine fly (Zoöl.), small two-winged fly of the genus Piophila,
whose larva lives in wine, cider, and other fermented liquors.
— Wine grower, one who cultivates a vineyard and makes wine.
— Wine measure, the measure by which wines and other spirits are
sold, smaller than beer measure.
— Wine merchant, a merchant who deals in wines.
— Wine of opium (Pharm.), a solution of opium in aromatized sherry
wine, having the same strength as ordinary laudanum; — also
Sydenham's laudanum.
— Wine press, a machine or apparatus in which grapes are pressed to
extract their juice.
— Wine skin, a bottle or bag of skin, used, in various countries,
for carrying wine.
— Wine stone, a kind of crust deposited in wine casks. See 1st
Tartar, 1.
— Wine vault. (a) A vault where wine is stored. (b) A place where
wine is served at the bar, or at tables; a dramshop. Dickens.
— Wine vinegar, vinegar made from wine.
— Wine whey, whey made from milk coagulated by the use of wine.

WINEBERRY Wine"ber`ry, n. (Bot.) (a) The red currant. (b) The bilberry. (c) A peculiar New Zealand shrub (Coriaria ruscifolia), in which the petals ripen and afford an abundant purple juice from which a kind of wine is made. The plant also grows in Chili.

WINEBIBBER
Wine"bib`ber, n.

Defn: One who drinks much wine. Prov. xxiii. 20.
— Wine"bib`bing, n.

WINEGLASS
Wine"glass`, n.

Defn: A small glass from to drink wine.

WINEGLASSFUL
Wine"glass`ful;, n. pl. Wineglassfuls (.

Defn: As much as a wineglass will hold; enough to fill a wineglass.
It is usually reckoned at two fluid ounces, or four tablespoonfuls.

WINELESS
Wine"less, a.

Defn: destitute of wine; as, wineless life.

WINERY
Win"er*y, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vinerie.]

Defn: A place where grapes are converted into wine.

WINESAP
Wine"sap`, n. [Wine + sap for sop.]

Defn: A variety of winter apple of medium size, deep red color, and yellowish flesh of a rich, rather subacid flavor.

WING Wing, n. Etym: [OE. winge, wenge; probably of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. & Sw. vinge, Icel. vængr.]

1. One of the two anterior limbs of a bird, pterodactyl, or bat. They correspond to the arms of man, and are usually modified for flight, but in the case of a few species of birds, as the ostrich, auk, etc., the wings are used only as an assistance in running or swimming. As an eagle stirreth up her nest, fluttereth over her young, spreadeth abroad her wings, taketh them, beareth them on her wings. Deut. xxxii. 11.

Note: In the wing of a bird the long quill feathers are in series. The primaries are those attached to the ulnar side of the hand; the secondaries, or wing coverts, those of the forearm: the scapulars, those that lie over the humerus; and the bastard feathers, those of the short outer digit. See Illust. of Bird, and Plumage.

2. Any similar member or instrument used for the purpose of flying. Specifically: (Zoöl.) (a) One of the two pairs of upper thoracic appendages of most hexapod insects. They are broad, fanlike organs formed of a double membrane and strengthened by chitinous veins or nervures. (b) One of the large pectoral fins of the flying fishes.

3. Passage by flying; flight; as, to take wing. Light thickens; and the crow Makes wing to the rooky wood. Shak.

4. Motive or instrument of flight; means of flight or of rapid motion. Fiery expedition be my wing. Shak.

5. Anything which agitates the air as a wing does, or which is put in winglike motion by the action of the air, as a fan or vane for winnowing grain, the vane or sail of a windmill, etc.

6. An ornament worn on the shoulder; a small epaulet or shoulder knot.

7. Any appendage resembling the wing of a bird or insect in shape or appearance. Specifically: (a) (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the broad, thin, anterior lobes of the foot of a pteropod, used as an organ in swimming. (b) (Bot.) Any membranaceous expansion, as that along the sides of certain stems, or of a fruit of the kind called samara. (c) (Bot.) Either of the two side petals of a papilionaceous flower.

8. One of two corresponding appendages attached; a sidepiece. Hence: (a) (Arch.) A side building, less than the main edifice; as, one of the wings of a palace. (b) (Fort.) The longer side of crownworks, etc., connecting them with the main work. (c) (Hort.) A side shoot of a tree or plant; a branch growing up by the side of another. [Obs.] (d) (Mil.)

Defn: The right or left division of an army, regiment, etc. (e) (Naut.) That part of the hold or orlop of a vessel which is nearest the sides. In a fleet, one of the extremities when the ships are drawn up in line, or when forming the two sides of a triangle. Totten. (f) One of the sides of the stags in a theater. On the wing. (a) Supported by, or flying with, the wings another. — On the wings of the wind, with the utmost velocity. — Under the wing, or wings, of, under the care or protection of. — Wing and wing (Naut.), with sails hauled out on either side; — said of a schooner, or her sails, when going before the wind with the foresail on one side and the mainsail on the other; also said of a square-rigged vessel which has her studding sails set. Cf. Goosewinged. — Wing case (Zoöl.), one of the anterior wings of beetles, and of some other insects, when thickened and used to protect the hind wings; an elytron; — called also wing cover. — Wing covert (Zoöl.), one of the small feathers covering the bases of the wing quills. See Covert, n., 2. — Wing gudgeon (Mach.), an iron gudgeon for the end of a wooden axle, having thin, broad projections to prevent it from turning in the wood. See Illust. of Gudgeon. — Wing shell (Zoöl.), wing case of an insect. — Wing stroke, the stroke or sweep of a wing. — Wing transom (Naut.), the uppermost transom of the stern; — called also main transom. J. Knowles.

WING
Wing, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Winged; p. pr. & vb. n. Winging.]

1. To furnish with wings; to enable to fly, or to move with celerity. Who heaves old ocean, and whowings the storms. Pope. Living, to wing with mirth the weary hours. Longfellow.

2. To supply with wings or sidepieces. The main battle, whose puissance on either side Shall be well winged with our chiefest horse. Shak.

3. To transport by flight; to cause to fly. I, an old turtle, Will wing me to some withered bough. Shak.

4. To move through in flight; to fly through. There's not an arrow wings the sky But fancy turns its point to him. Moore.

5. To cut off the wings of; to wound in the wing; to disable a wing of; as, to wing a bird. To wing a flight, to exert the power of flying; to fly.

WINGED
Winged, a.

1. Furnished with wings; transported by flying; having winglike expansions.

2. Soaring with wings, or as if with wings; hence, elevated; lofty; sublime. [R.] How winged the sentiment that virtue is to be followed for its own sake. J. S. Harford.

3. Swift; rapid. "Bear this sealed brief with winged haste to the lord marshal." Shak.

4. Wounded or hurt in the wing.

5. (Bot.)

Defn: Furnished with a leaflike appendage, as the fruit of the elm and the ash, or the stem in certain plants; alate.

6. (Her.)

Defn: Represented with wings, or having wings, of a different tincture from the body.

7. Fanned with wings; swarming with birds. "The winged air darked with plumes." Milton.

WINGER
Wing"er, n. (Naut.)

Defn: One of the casks stowed in the wings of a vessel's hold, being smaller than such as are stowed more amidships. Totten.

WINGFISH
Wing"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A sea robin having large, winglike pectoral fins. See Sea robin, under Robin.

WING-FOOTED
Wing"-foot`ed, a.

1. Having wings attached to the feet; as, wing-footed Mercury; hence, swift; moving with rapidity; fleet. Drayton.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) Having part or all of the feet adapted for flying. (b) Having the anterior lobes of the foot so modified as to form a pair of winglike swimming organs; — said of the pteropod mollusks.

WING-HANDED
Wing"-hand`ed, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the anterior limbs or hands adapted for flight, as the bats and pterodactyls.

WING-LEAVED
Wing"-leaved`, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having pinnate or pinnately divided leaves.

WINGLESS
Wing"less, a.

Defn: Having no wings; not able to ascend or fly. Wingless bird
(Zoöl.), the apteryx.

WINGLET
Wing"let, n.

1. A little wing; a very small wing.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bastard wing, or alula.

WINGMANSHIP
Wing"man*ship, n. Etym: [From Wing, in imitation of horsemanship.]

Defn: Power or skill in flying. [R.] Duke of Argyll.

WING-SHELL Wing"-shell`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of various species of marine bivalve shells belonging to the genus Avicula, in which the hinge border projects like a wing. (b) Any marine gastropod shell of the genus Strombus. See Strombus. (c) Any pteropod shell.

WINGY
Wing"y, a.

1. Having wings; rapid. With wingy speed outstrip the eastern wind. Addison.

2. Soaring with wings, or as if with wings; volatile airy. [Obs. or R.] Those wingy mysteries in divinity. Sir T. Browne.

WINK Wink, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Winked; p. pr. & vb. n. Winking.] Etym: [OE. winken, AS. wincian; akin to D. wenken, G. winken to wink, nod, beckon, OHG. winchan, Sw. vinka, Dan. vinke, AS. wancol wavering, OHG. wanchal wavering, wanch to waver, G. wanken, and perhaps to E. weak; cf. AS. wincel a corner. Cf. Wench, Wince, v. i.]

1. To nod; to sleep; to nap. [Obs.] "Although I wake or wink." Chaucer.

2. To shut the eyes quickly; to close the eyelids with a quick
motion.
He must wink, so loud he would cry. Chaucer.
And I will wink, so shall the day seem night. Shak.
They are not blind, but they wink. Tillotson.

3. To close and open the eyelids quickly; to nictitate; to blink. A baby of some three months old, who winked, and turned aside its little face from the too vivid light of day. Hawthorne.

4. To give a hint by a motion of the eyelids, often those of one eye only. Wink at the footman to leave him without a plate. Swift.

5. To avoid taking notice, as if by shutting the eyes; to connive at anything; to be tolerant; — generally with at. The times of this ignorance God winked at. Acts xvii. 30. And yet, as though he knew it not, His knowledge winks, and lets his humors reign. Herbert. Obstinacy can not be winked at, but must be subdued. Locke.

6. To be dim and flicker; as, the light winks. Winking monkey (Zoöl.), the white-nosed monkey (Cersopithecus nictitans).

WINK
Wink, v. t.

Defn: To cause (the eyes) to wink.[Colloq.]

WINK
Wink, n.

1. The act of closing, or closing and opening, the eyelids quickly; hence, the time necessary for such an act; a moment. I have not slept one wink. Shak. I could eclipse and cloud them with a wink. Donne.

2. A hint given by shutting the eye with a significant cast. Sir. P. Sidney. The stockjobber thus from Change Alley goes down, And tips you, the freeman, a wink. Swift.

WINKER
Wink"er, n.

1. One who winks. Pope.

2. A horse's blinder; a blinker.

WINKINGLY
Wink"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a winking manner; with the eye almost closed. Peacham.

WINKLE Win"kle, n. Etym: [AS. wincle.] (Zoöl.) (a) Any periwinkle. Holland. (b) Any one of various marine spiral gastropods, esp., in the United States, either of two species of Fulgar (F. canaliculata, and F. carica).

Note: These are large mollusks which often destroy large numbers of oysters by drilling their shells and sucking their blood. Sting winkle, a European spinose marine shell (Murex erinaceus). See Illust. of Murex.

WINKLE-HAWK
Win"kle-hawk`, n. Etym: [D. winkel-haak a carpenter's square.]

Defn: A rectangular rent made in cloth; — called also winkle-hole.
[Local, U. S.] Bartlett.

WINNARD
Win"nard, n.

Defn: The redwing. [Prov. Eng.]

WINNEBAGOES
Win`ne*ba"goes, n.; sing. Winnebago (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A tribe of North American Indians who originally occupied the region about Green Bay, Lake Michigan, but were driven back from the lake and nearly exterminated in 1640 by the IIlinnois.

WINNER
Win"ner, n.

Defn: One who wins, or gains by success in competition, contest, or gaming.

WINNING
Win"ning, a.

Defn: Attracting; adapted to gain favor; charming; as, a winning address. "Each mild and winning note." Keble.

WINNING
Win"ning, n.

1. The act of obtaining something, as in a contest or by competition.

2. The money, etc., gained by success in competition or contest, esp, in gambling; — usually in the plural. Ye seek land and sea for your winnings. Chaucer.

3. (Mining)
(a) A new opening.
(b) The portion of a coal field out for working. Winning headway
(Mining), an excavation for exploration, in post-and-stall working.
— Winning post, the post, or goal, at the end of a race.

WINNINGLY
Win"ning*ly, adv.

Defn: In a winning manner.

WINNINGNESS
Win"ning*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being winning. "Winningness in style."
J. Morley.

WINNINISH
Win"nin*ish, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The land-locked variety of the common salmon. [Canada]

WINNOW Win"now, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Winnowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Winnowing.] Etym: [OE. windewen, winewen, AS. windwian; akin to Goth. winpjan (in comp.), winpi-skauro a fan, L. ventilare to fan, to winnow; cf. L. wannus a fan for winnowing, G. wanne, OHG. wanna. . See Wind moving air, and cf. Fan., n., Ventilate.]

1. To separate, and drive off, the chaff from by means of wind; to fan; as, to winnow grain. Ho winnoweth barley to-night in the threshing floor. Ruth. iii. 2.

2. To sift, as for the purpose of separating falsehood from truth; to separate, as had from good. Winnow well this thought, and you shall find This light as chaff that flies before the wind. Dryden.

3. To beat with wings, or as with wings.[Poetic] Now on the polar winds; then with quick fan Winnows the buxom air. Milton.

WINNOW
Win"now, v. i.

Defn: To separate chaff from grain.
Winnow not with every wind. Ecclus. v. 9.

WINNOWER
Win"now*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, winnows; specifically, a winnowing machine.

WINNOWING
Win"now*ing, n.

Defn: The act of one who, or that which, winnows.

WINROW
Win"row`, n.

Defn: A windrow.

WINSING
Win"sing, a.

Defn: Winsome. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WINSOME Win"some, a. [Compar. Winsomer; superl. Winsomest.] Etym: [AS. wynsum, fr. wynn joy; akin to OS. wunnia, OHG. wunna, wunni, G. wonne, Goth. wunan to rejoice (in unwunands sad), AS. wunian to dwell. Win, v. t., Wont, a.]

1. Cheerful; merry; gay; light-hearted. Misled by ill example, and a winsome nature. Jeffrey.

2. Causing joy or pleasure; gladsome; pleasant. Still plotting how their hungry ear That winsome voice again might hear. Emerson.

WINSOMENESS
Win"some*ness, n.

Defn: The characteristic of being winsome; attractiveness of manner.
J. R. Green.

WINTER Win"ter, n. Etym: [AS. winter; akin to OFries. & D. winter, OS. & OHG. wintar, G. winter, D. & Sw. vinter, Icel. vetr, Goth. wintrus; of uncertain origin; cf. Old Gallic vindo- white (in comp.), OIr. find white.

1. The season of the year in which the sun shines most obliquely upon any region; the coldest season of the year. "Of thirty winter he was old." Chaucer. And after summer evermore succeeds Barren winter, with his wrathful nipping cold. Shak. Winter lingering chills the lap of May. Goldsmith.

Note: North of the equator, winter is popularly taken to include the months of December, January, and February (see Season). Astronomically, it may be considered to begin with the winter solstice, about December 21st, and to end with the vernal equinox, about March 21st.

2. The period of decay, old age, death, or the like. Life's autumn past, I stand on winter's verge. Wordsworth. Winter apple, an apple that keeps well in winter, or that does not ripen until winter. — Winter barley, a kind of barley that is sown in autumn. — Winter berry (Bot.), the name of several American shrubs (Ilex verticillata, I. lævigata, etc.) of the Holly family, having bright red berries conspicuous in winter. — Winter bloom. (Bot.) (a) A plant of the genus Azalea. (b) A plant of the genus Hamamelis (H. Viginica); witch-hazel; — so called from its flowers appearing late in autumn, while the leaves are falling. — Winter bud (Zoöl.), a statoblast. — Winter cherry (Bot.), a plant (Physalis Alkekengi) of the Nightshade family, which has, a red berry inclosed in the inflated and persistent calyx. See Alkekengi. — Winter cough (Med.), a form of chronic bronchitis marked by a cough recurring each winter. — Winter cress (Bot.), a yellow-flowered cruciferous plant (Barbarea vulgaris). — Winter crop, a crop which will bear the winter, or which may be converted into fodder during the winter. — Winter duck. (Zoöl.) (a) The pintail. (b) The old squaw. — Winter egg (Zoöl.), an egg produced in the autumn by many invertebrates, and destined to survive the winter. Such eggs usually differ from the summer eggs in having a thicker shell, and often in being enveloped in a protective case. They sometimes develop in a manner different from that of the summer eggs. — Winter fallow, ground that is fallowed in winter. — Winter fat. (Bot.) Same as White sage, under White. — Winter fever (Med.), pneumonia. [Colloq.] — Winter flounder. (Zoöl.) See the Note under Flounder. — Winter gull (Zoöl.), the common European gull; — called also winter mew. [Prov. Eng.] — Winter itch. (Med.) See Prarie itch, under Prairie. — Winter lodge, or Winter lodgment. (Bot.) Same as Hibernaculum. — Winter mew. (Zoöl.) Same as Winter gull, above. [Prov. Eng.] — Winter moth (Zoöl.), any one of several species of geometrid moths which come forth in winter, as the European species (Cheimatobia brumata). These moths have rudimentary mouth organs, and eat no food in the imago state. The female of some of the species is wingless. — Winter oil, oil prepared so as not to solidify in moderately cold weather. — Winter pear, a kind of pear that keeps well in winter, or that does not ripen until winter. — Winter quarters, the quarters of troops during the winter; a winter residence or station. — Winter rye, a kind of rye that is sown in autumn. — Winter shad (Zoöl.), the gizzard shad. — Winter sheldrake (Zoöl.), the goosander. [Local, U.S.] — Winter sleep (Zoöl.), hibernation. — Winter snipe (Zoöl.), the dunlin. — Winter solstice. (Astron.) See Solstice, 2. — Winter teal (Zoöl.), the green-winged teal. — Winter wagtail (Zoöl.), the gray wagtail (Motacilla melanope). [Prov. Eng.] — Winter wheat, wheat sown in autumn, which lives during the winter, and ripens in the following summer. — Winter wren (Zoöl.), a small American wren (Troglodytes hiemalis) closely resembling the common wren.

WINTER
Win"ter, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Wintered; p. pr. & vb. n. Wintering.]

Defn: To pass the winter; to hibernate; as, to winter in Florida. Because the haven was not commodious to winter in, the more part advised to depart thence. Acts xxvii. 12.

WINTER
Win"ter, v. i.

Defn: To keep, feed or manage, during the winter; as, to winter young cattle on straw.

WINTER-BEATEN
Win"ter-beat`en, a.

Defn: Beaten or harassed by the severe weather of winter. Spenser.

WINTERGREEN
Win"ter*green`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant which keeps its leaves green through the winter.

Note: In England, the name wintergreen is applied to the species of Pyrola which in America are called English wintergreen, and shin leaf (see Shin leaf, under Shin.) In America, the name wintergreen is given to Gaultheria procumbens, a low evergreen aromatic plant with oval leaves clustered at the top of a short stem, and bearing small white flowers followed by red berries; — called also checkerberry, and sometimes, though improperly, partridge berry. Chickweed wintergreen, a low perennial primulaceous herb (Trientalis Americana); — also called star flower. — Flowering wintergreen, a low plant (Polygala paucifolia) with leaves somewhat like those of the wintergreen (Gaultheria), and bearing a few showy, rose-purple blossoms. — Spotted wintergreen, a low evergreen plant (Chimaphila maculata) with ovate, white-spotted leaves.

WINTER-GROUND
Win"ter-ground`, v. t.

Defn: To coved over in the season of winter, as for protection or shelter; as, to winter-ground the roods of a plant. The ruddock would . . . bring thee all this, Yea, and furred moss besides, when flowers are none To winter-ground thy corse. Shak.

WINTERKILL
Win"ter*kill`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Winterkilled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Winterkilling.]

Defn: To kill by the cold, or exposure to the inclemency of winter; as, the wheat was winterkilled. [U. S.]

WINTERLY
Win"ter*ly, a.

Defn: Like winter; wintry; cold; hence, disagreeable, cheerless; as, winterly news. [R.] Shak. The sir growing more winterly in the month of April. Camden.

WINTER-PROUD
Win"ter-proud`, a.

Defn: Having too rank or forward a growth for winter. When either corn is winter-proud, or other plants put forth and bud too early. Holland.

WINTER-RIG
Win"ter-rig`, v. t. Etym: [See Winter and Ridge.]

Defn: To fallow or till in winter. [Prov. Eng.]

WINTER'S BARK
Win"ter's bark`. (Bot.)

Defn: The aromatic bark of tree (Drimys, or Drymis, Winteri) of the Magnolia family, which is found in Southern Chili. It was first used as a cure for scurvy by its discoverer, Captain John Winter, vice admiral to sir Francis Drake, in 1577.

WINTERTIDE
Win"ter*tide`, n.

Defn: Winter time. Tennyson.

WINTERWEED
Win"ter*weed`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of speedwell (Veronica hederifolia) which spreads chiefly in winter. Dr. Prior.

WINTERY
Win"ter*y, a.

Defn: Wintry.

WINTRY
Win"try, a. Etym: [AS. wintrig.]

Defn: Suitable to winter; resembling winter, or what belongs to winter; brumal; hyemal; cold; stormy; wintery. Touch our chilled hearts with vernal smile, Our wintry course do thou beguile. Keble.

WINY
Win"y, a.

Defn: Having the taste or qualities of wine; vinous; as, grapes of a winy taste. Dampier.

WINZE
Winze, n. (Mining.)

Defn: A small shaft sunk from one level to another, as for the purpose of ventilation.

WIPE
Wipe, n. Etym: [Cf. Sw. vipa, Dan. vibe, the lapwing.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The lapwing. [Prov. Eng.]

WIPE Wipe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wiped; p. pr. & vb. n. Wiping.] Etym: [OE. vipen, AS. wipian; cf. LG. wiep a wisp of straw, Sw. vepa to wrap up, to cuddle one's self up, vepa a blanket; perhaps akin to E. whip.]

1. To rub with something soft for cleaning; to clean or dry by rubbing; as, to wipe the hands or face with a towel. Let me wipe thy face. Shak. I will wipe Jerusalem as a man wipeth a dish, wiping it, and turning it upside down. 2 Kings xxi. 13.

2. To remove by rubbing; to rub off; to obliterate; — usually followed by away, off or out. Also used figuratively. "To wipe out our ingratitude." Shak. Some natural tears they dropped, but wiped them soon. Milton.

3. To cheat; to defraud; to trick; — usually followed by out. [Obs.] Spenser. If they by coveyne [covin] or gile be wiped beside their goods. Robynson (More's Utopia) To wipe a joint (Plumbing), to make a joint, as between pieces of lead pipe, by surrounding the junction with a mass of solder, applied in a plastic condition by means of a rag with which the solder is shaped by rubbing. — To wipe the nose of, to cheat. [Old Slang]

WIPE
Wipe, n.

1. Act of rubbing, esp. in order to clean.

2. A blow; a stroke; a hit; a swipe. [Low]

3. A gibe; a jeer; a severe sarcasm. Swift.

4. A handkerchief. [Thieves' Cant or Slang]

5. Stain; brand. [Obs.] "Slavish wipe." Shak.

WIPER
Wip"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, wipes.

2. Something used for wiping, as a towel or rag.

3. (Mach.)

Defn: A piece generally projecting from a rotating or swinging piece, as an axle or rock shaft, for the purpose of raising stampers, lifting rods, or the like, and leaving them to fall by their own weight; a kind of cam.

4. (Firearms)

Defn: A rod, or an attachment for a rod, for holding a rag with which to wipe out the bore of the barrel.

WIRBLE
Wir"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Wirbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Wirbling.]
Etym: [Cf. Warble, Whirl.]

Defn: To whirl; to eddy. [R.]
The waters went wirbling above and around. Owen. Meredith.

WIRCHE
Wirche, v. i. & t.

Defn: To work [Obs.] Chaucer.

WIRE Wire, n. Etym: [OE. wir, AS. wir; akin to Icel. virr, Dan. vire, LG. wir, wire; cf. OHG. wiara fine gold; perhaps akin to E. withy. .]

1. A thread or slender rod of metal; a metallic substance formed to an even thread by being passed between grooved rollers, or drawn through holes in a plate of steel.

Note: Wire is made of any desired form, as round, square, triangular, etc., by giving this shape to the hole in the drawplate, or between the rollers.

2. A telegraph wire or cable; hence, an electric telegraph; as, to send a message by wire. [Colloq.] Wire bed, Wire mattress, an elastic bed bottom or mattress made of wires interwoven or looped together in various ways. — Wire bridge, a bridge suspended from wires, or cables made of wire. — Wire cartridge, a shot cartridge having the shot inclosed in a wire cage. — Wire cloth, a coarse cloth made of woven metallic wire, — used for strainers, and for various other purposes. — Wire edge, the thin, wirelike thread of metal sometimes formed on the edge of a tool by the stone in sharpening it. — Wire fence, a fence consisting of posts with strained horizontal wires, wire netting, or other wirework, between. — Wire gauge or gage. (a) A gauge for measuring the diameter of wire, thickness of sheet metal, etc., often consisting of a metal plate with a series of notches of various widths in its edge. (b) A standard series of sizes arbitrarily indicated, as by numbers, to which the diameter of wire or the thickness of sheet metal in usually made, and which is used in describing the size or thickness. There are many different standards for wire gauges, as in different countries, or for different kinds of metal, the Birmingham wire gauges and the American wire gauge being often used and designated by the abbreviations B. W.G. and A. W.G. respectively. — Wire gauze, a texture of finely interwoven wire, resembling gauze. — Wire grass (Bot.), either of the two common grasses Eleusine Indica, valuable for hay and pasture, and Poa compressa, or blue grass. See Blue grass. — Wire grub (Zoöl.), a wireworm. — Wire iron, wire rods of iron. — Wire lathing, wire cloth or wire netting applied in the place of wooden lathing for holding plastering. — Wire mattress. See Wire bed, above. — Wire micrometer, a micrometer having spider lines, or fine wires, across the field of the instrument. — Wire nail, a nail formed of a piece of wire which is headed and pointed. — Wire netting, a texture of woven wire coarser than ordinary wire gauze. — Wire rod, a metal rod from which wire is formed by drawing. — Wire rope, a rope formed wholly, or in great part, of wires.

WIRE
Wire, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wired; p. pr. & vb. n. Wiring.]

1. To bind with wire; to attach with wires; to apply wire to; as, to wire corks in bottling liquors.

2. To put upon a wire; as, to wire beads.

3. To snare by means of a wire or wires.

4. To send (a message) by telegraph. [Colloq.]

WIRE
Wire, v. i.

1. To pass like a wire; to flow in a wirelike form, or in a tenuous stream. [R.] P. Fletcher.

2. To send a telegraphic message. [Colloq.]

WIREDRAW
Wire"draw`, v. t. [imp. Wiredrew; p. p. Wiredrawn; p. pr. & vb. n.
Wiredrawing.]

1. To form (a piece of metal) into wire, by drawing it through a hole in a plate of steel.

2. Hence, to draw by art or violence. My sense has been wiredrawn into blasphemy. Dryden.

3. Hence, also, to draw or spin out to great length and tenuity; as, to wiredraw an argument. Such twisting, such wiredrawing, was never seen in a court of justice. Macaulay.

4. (Steam Engine)

Defn: To pass, or to draw off, (as steam) through narrow ports, or the like, thus reducing its pressure or force by friction.

WIRE-DRAWER
Wire"-draw`er, n.

Defn: One who draws metal into wire.

WIRE GUN
Wire gun.

Defn: = Wire-wound gun.

WIRE-HEEL
Wire"-heel`, n. (Far.)

Defn: A disease in the feet of a horse or other beast.

WIRELESS
Wire"less, a.

Defn: Having no wire; specif. (Elec.),

Defn: designating, or pertaining to, a method of telegraphy, telephony, etc., in which the messages, etc., are transmitted through space by electric waves; as, a wireless message. — Wireless telegraphy or telegraph (Elec.), any system of telegraphy employing no connecting wire or wires between the transmitting and receiving stations. Although more or less successful researchers were made on the subject by Joseph Henry, Hertz, Oliver Lodge, and others, the first commercially successful system was that of Guglielmo Marconi, patented in March, 1897. Marconi employed electric waves of high frequency set up by an induction coil in an oscillator, these waves being launched into space through a lofty antenna. The receiving apparatus consisted of another antenna in circuit with a coherer and small battery for operating through a relay the ordinary telegraphic receiver. This apparatus contains the essential features of all the systems now in use. — Wireless telephone, an apparatus or contrivance for wireless telephony. —Wireless telephony, telephony without wires, usually employing electric waves of high frequency emitted from an oscillator or generator, as in wireless telegraphy. A telephone transmitter causes fluctuations in these waves, it being the fluctuations only which affect the receiver.

WIRELESS
Wire"less, n.

Defn: Short for Wireless telegraphy, Wireless telephony, etc.; as, to send a message by wireless.

WIRE-PULLER
Wire"-pull`er, n.

Defn: One who pulls the wires, as of a puppet; hence, one who operates by secret means; an intriguer. Political wire-pullers and convention packers. Lowell.

WIRE-PULLING
Wire"-pull`ing, n.

Defn: The act of pulling the wires, as of a puppet; hence, secret influence or management, especially in politics; intrigue.

WIRE-TAILED
Wire"-tailed`, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having some or all of the tail quills terminated in a long, slender, pointed shaft, without a web or barbules.

WIRE TAPPER
Wire tapper.

Defn: One that taps, or cuts in on, telegraph wires and intercepts messages; hence (Slang),

Defn: a swindler who pretends to tap wires or otherwise intercept advance telegraphic news for betting. — Wire tapping.

WIREWORK
Wire"work`, n.

Defn: Work, especially openwork, formed of wires.

WIRE-WORKER
Wire"-work`er, n.

Defn: One who manufactures articles from wire.

WIREWORM Wire"worm`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) One of the larvæ of various species of snapping beetles, or elaters; — so called from their slenderness and the uncommon hardness of the integument. Wireworms are sometimes very destructive to the roots of plants. Called also wire grub. (b) A galleyworm.

WIRE-WOUND GUN
Wire"-wound` gun. (Ordnance)

Defn: A gun in the construction of which an inner tube (either entire or in segments) is wound with wire under tension to insure greater soundness and uniformity of resistance. In modern construction hoops and jackets are shrunk on over the wire.

WIRINESS
Wir"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being wiry.

WIRING
Wir"ing, n.

1. The act of one that wires anything.

2. The wires or conductors employed in a system of electric distribution.

WIRY
Wir"y, a. Etym: [Written also wiery.]

1. Made of wire; like wire; drawn out like wire.

2. Capable of endurance; tough; sinewy; as, a wiry frame or constitution. "A little wiry sergeant of meek demeanor and strong sense." Dickens. He bore his age well, and seemed to retain a wiry vigor and alertness. Hawthorne.

WIS Wis, adv. Etym: [Aphetic form of iwis, ywis; or fr. Icel. viss certain. See Ywis.]

Defn: Certainly; really; indeed. [Obs.] "As wis God helpe me."
Chaucer.

WIS
Wis, v. t. Etym: [Due to mistaking OE. iwis certain, AS. gewiss, for
I wis. See Ywis.]

Defn: To think; to suppose; to imagine; — used chiefly in the first
person sing. present tense, I wis. See the Note under Ywis. [Obs. or
Poetic] "Howe'er you wis." R. Browning.
Nor do I know how long it is (For I have lain entranced, I wis).
Coleridge.

WISARD
Wis"ard, n.

Defn: See Wizard.

WISDOM
Wis"dom (-dûm), n. Etym: [AS. wisdom. See Wise, a., and -dom.]

1. The quality of being wise; knowledge, and the capacity to make due use of it; knowledge of the best ends and the best means; discernment and judgment; discretion; sagacity; skill; dexterity. We speak also not in wise words of man's wisdom, but in the doctrine of the spirit. Wyclif (1 Cor. ii. 13). Behold, the fear of the Lord, that is wisdom; and to depart from evil is understanding. Job xxviii. 28. It is hoped that our rulers will act with dignity and wisdom that they will yield everything to reason, and refuse everything to force. Ames. Common sense in an uncommon degree is what the world calls wisdom. Coleridge.

2. The results of wise judgments; scientific or practical truth; acquired knowledge; erudition. Moses was learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and was mighty in words and in deeds. Acts vii. 22.

Syn. — Prudence; knowledge. Wisdom, Prudence, Knowledge. Wisdom has been defined to be "the use of the best means for attaining the best ends." "We conceive," says Whewell, " prudence as the virtue by which we select right means for given ends, while wisdom implies the selection of right ends as well as of right means." Hence, wisdom implies the union of high mental and moral excellence. Prudence (that is, providence, or forecast) is of a more negative character; it rather consists in avoiding danger than in taking decisive measures for the accomplishment of an object. Sir Robert Walpole was in many respects a prudent statesman, but he was far from being a wise one. Burke has said that prudence, when carried too far, degenerates into a "reptile virtue," which is the more dangerous for its plausible appearance. Knowledge, a more comprehensive term, signifies the simple apprehension of facts or relations. "In strictness of language," says Paley, " there is a difference between knowledge and wisdom; wisdom always supposing action, and action directed by it." Knowledge and wisdom, far from being one, Have ofttimes no connection. Knowledge dwells In heads replete with thoughts of other men; Wisdom, in minds attentive to their own. Knowledge, a rude, unprofitable mass, The mere materials with which wisdom builds, Till smoothed, and squared, and fitted to its place, Does but encumber whom it seems to enrich. Knowledge is proud that he has learned so much; Wisdom is humble that he knows no more. Cowper. Wisdom tooth, the last, or back, tooth of the full set on each half of each jaw in man; — familiarly so called, because appearing comparatively late, after the person may be supposed to have arrived at the age of wisdom. See the Note under Tooth, 1.

WISDOM LITERATURE
Wis"dom lit"er*a*ture.

Defn: The class of ancient Hebrew writings which deal reflectively with general ethical and religious topics, as distinguished from the prophetic and liturgical literature, and from the law. It is comprised chiefly in the books of Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiasticus, Ecclesiastes, and Wisdom of Solomon. The "wisdom" (Hokhmah) of these writings consists in detached sage utterances on concrete issues of life, without the effort at philosophical system that appeared in the later Hellenistic reflective writing beginning with Philo Judæus.

WISE Wise, a. [Compar. Wiser; superl. Wisest.] Etym: [OE. wis, AS. wis; akin to OS. & OFries. wis, D. wijs, G. weise, OHG. wis, wisi, Icel. viss, Sw. vis, Dan. viis, Goth. weis; akin to wit, v. i. See Wit, v., and cf. Righteous, Wisdom.]

1. Having knowledge; knowing; enlightened; of extensive information; erudite; learned. They are wise to do evil, but to do good they have no knowledge. Jer. iv. 22.

2. Hence, especially, making due use of knowledge; discerning and judging soundly concerning what is true or false, proper or improper; choosing the best ends and the best means for accomplishing them; sagacious. When clouds appear, wise men put their cloaks. Shak. From a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation. 2 Tim. iii. 15.

3. Versed in art or science; skillful; dexterous; specifically, skilled in divination. Fal. There was, mine host, an old fat woman even now with me; but she's gone. Sim. Pray you, sir, was't not the wise woman of Brentford Shak.

4. Hence, prudent; calculating; shrewd; wary; subtle; crafty. [R.] "Thou art . . . no novice, but a governor wily and wise." Chaucer. Nor, on the other side, Will I be penuriously wise As to make money, that's my slave, my idol. Beau. & Fl. Lords do not care for me: I am too wise to die yet. Ford.

5. Dictated or guided by wisdom; containing or exhibiting wisdom; well adapted to produce good effects; judicious; discreet; as, a wise saying; a wise scheme or plan; wise conduct or management; a wise determination. "Eminent in wise deport." Milton. To make it wise, to make it a matter of deliberation. [Obs.] " We thought it was not worth to make it wise." Chaucer. — Wise in years, old enough to be wise; wise from age and experience; hence, aged; old. [Obs.] A very grave, state bachelor, my dainty one; He's wise in years, and of a temperate warmth. Ford. You are too wise in years, too full of counsel, For my green experience. Ford.

WISE Wise, a. Etym: [OE. wise, AS. wise; akin to OS. wisa, OFries. wis, D. wijs, wijze, OHG. wisa, G. weise, Sw. vis, Dan. viis, Icel. övis otherwise; from the root of E. wit; hence, originally, knowledge, skill. See Wit, v., and cf. Guise.]

Defn: Way of being or acting; manner; mode; fashion. "All armed in
complete wise." Spenser.
To love her in my beste wyse. Chaucer.
This song she sings in most commanding wise. Sir P. Sidney.
Let not these blessings then, sent from above, Abused be, or spilt in
profane wise. Fairfax.

Note: This word is nearly obsolete, except in such phrases as in any wise, in no wise, on this wise, etc. " Fret not thyself in any wise to do evil." Ps. xxxvii. 8. "He shall in no wise lose his reward." Matt. x. 42. " On this wise ye shall bless the children of Israel." Num. vi. 23.

Note: Wise is often used as a suffix in composition, as in likewise, nowise, lengthwise, etc., in which words -ways is often substituted with the same sense; as, noways, lengthways, etc.

WISEACRE Wise"a*cre, n. Etym: [OD. wijssegger or G. weissager a foreteller, prophet, from weissagen to foretell, to prophesy, OHG. wissag, corrupted (as if compounded of the words for wise and say) fr. wizzag, fr. wizzag a prophet, akin to AS. witiga, witga, from the root of E. wit. See Wit, v.]

1. A learned or wise man. [Obs.] Pythagoras learned much . . . becoming a mighty wiseacre. Leland.

2. One who makes undue pretensions to wisdom; a would-be-wise person; hence, in contempt, a simpleton; a dunce.

WISE-HEARTED
Wise"-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Wise; knowing; skillful; sapient; erudite; prudent. Ex. xxviii. 3.

WISE-LIKE
Wise"-like`, a.

Defn: Resembling that which is wise or sensible; judicious.
The only wise-like thing I heard anybody say. Sir W. Scott.

WISELING
Wise"ling, n.

Defn: One who pretends to be wise; a wiseacre; a witling. Donne.

WISELY
Wise"ly, adv.

Defn: In a wise manner; prudently; judiciously; discreetly; with
wisdom.
And wisely learn to curb thy sorrows wild. Milton.

WISENESS
Wise"ness, n.

Defn: Wisdom. [Obs.] Spenser.

WISH Wish, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Wished; p. pr. & vb. n. Wishing.] Etym: [OE. wischen, weschen, wuschen, AS. w; akin to D. wenschen, G. wünschen, Icel. æeskja, Dan. önske, Sw. önska; from AS. w a wish; akin to OD. & G. wunsch, OHG. wunsc, Icel. , Skr. va a wish, va to wish; also to Skr. van to like, to wish. Winsome, Win, v. t., and cf. Wistful.]

1. To have a desire or yearning; to long; to hanker.
They cast four anchors out of the stern, and wished for the day. Acts
xxvii. 29.
This is as good an argument as an antiquary could wish for.
Arbuthnot.

WISH
Wish, v. t.

1. To desire; to long for; to hanker after; to have a mind or
disposition toward.
I would not wish Any companion in the world but you. Shak.
I wish above all things that thou mayest prosper. 3. John 2.

2. To frame or express desires concerning; to invoke in favor of, or against, any one; to attribute, or cal down, in desire; to invoke; to imprecate. I would not wish them to a fairer death. Shak. I wish it may not prove some ominous foretoken of misfortune to have met with such a miser as I am. Sir P. Sidney. Let them be driven backward, and put to shame, that wish me evil. Ps. xl. 14.

3. To recommend; to seek confidence or favor in behalf of. [Obs.] Shak. I would be glad to thrive, sir, And I was wished to your worship by a gentleman. B. Jonson.

Syn.
— See Desire.

WISH
Wish, n.

1. Desire; eager desire; longing. Behold, I am according to thy wish in God a stead. Job xxxiii. 6.

2. Expression of desire; request; petition; hence, invocation or imprecation. Blistered be thy tongue for such a wish. Shak.

3. A thing desired; an object of desire. Will he, wise, let loose at once his ire . . . To give his enemies their wish! Milton.

WISHABLE
Wish"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable or worthy of being wished for; desirable. Udall.

WISHBONE
Wish"bone`, n.

Defn: The forked bone in front of the breastbone in birds; — called also merrythought, and wishing bone. See Merrythought, and Furculum.

WISHEDLY
Wish"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: According to wish; conformably to desire. [Obs.] Chapman.

WISHER
Wish"er, n.

Defn: One who wishes or desires; one who expresses a wish. Shak.

WISHFUL
Wish"ful, a. Etym: [Cf. Wistful.]

1. Having desire, or ardent desire; longing.

2. Showing desire; as, wishful eyes. From Scotland am I stolen, even of pure love To greet mine own land with my wishful sight. Shak.

3. Desirable; exciting wishes. [R.] Chapman.
— Wish"ful*ly, adv.
— Wish"ful*ness, n.

WISHING
Wish"ing,

Defn: a. & n. from Wish, v. t. Wishing bone. See Wishbone. — Wishing cap, a cap fabled to give one whatever he wishes for when wearing it.

WISHLY
Wish"ly, adv.

Defn: According to desire; longingly; with wishes. [Obs. or Prov.
Eng.] Chapman.

WISHTONWISH
Wish"ton*wish, n. Etym: [Probably of American Indian origin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The prairie dog.

WISH-WASH
Wish"-wash`, n.

Defn: Any weak, thin drink.

WISHY-WASHY
Wish"y-wash`y, a. Etym: [See Wash.]

Defn: Thin and pale; weak; without strength or substance; —
originally said of liquids. Fig., weak-minded; spiritless.
A weak wishy-washy man who had hardly any mind of his own. A.
Trollope.

WISHY-WASHY
Wish"y-wash`y, n.

Defn: A weak or thin drink or liquor; wish-wash.

WISKET
Wis"ket, n.

Defn: A whisket, or basket. [Prov. Eng.] Ainsworth.

WISLY
Wis"ly, adv. Etym: [See Wis, adv.]

Defn: Certainly. [Obs.] "God so wisly have mercy on me." Chaucer.

WISP Wisp, n. Etym: [OE. wisp, wips; probably akin to D. & G. wisch, Icel. visk, and perhaps to L. virga a twig, rod. Cf. Verge a rod, Whisk, n.]

1. A small bundle, as of straw or other like substance. In a small basket, on a wisp of hay. Dryden.

2. A whisk, or small broom.

3. A Will-o'-the-wisp; an ignis fatuus. The wisp that flickers where no foot can tread. Tennyson.

WISP
Wisp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wisped; p. pr. & vb. n. Wisping.]

1. To brush or dress, an with a wisp.

2. To rumple. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

WISPEN
Wisp"en, a.

Defn: Formed of a wisp, or of wisp; as, a wispen broom. [Obs.]

WISSE
Wis"se, v. t. Etym: [AS. wisian. See Wise, a.]

Defn: To show; to teach; to inform; to guide; to direct. [Obs.] Ere we depart I shall thee so well wisse That of mine house ne shalt thou never misse. Chaucer.

WIST
Wist, archaic imp. & p. p. of Wit, v.

Defn: Knew.

WISTARIA
Wis*ta"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL.] Etym: [So named after Caspar Wistar, an
American anatomist.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of climbing leguminous plants bearing long, pendulous clusters of pale bluish flowers.

Note: The species commonest in cultivation is the Wistaria Sinensis from Eastern Asia. W. fruticosa grows wild in the southern parts of the United States.

WISTFUL Wist"ful, a. Etym: [For wishful; perhaps influenced by wistly, which is probably corrupted from OE. wisly certainly (from Icel. viss certain, akin to E. wit). See Wish.]

1. Longing; wishful; desirous. Lifting up one of my sashes, I cast many a wistful, melancholy look towards the sea. Swift.

2. Full of thought; eagerly attentive; meditative; musing; pensive; contemplative. That he who there at such an hour hath been, Will wistful linger on that hallowed spot. Byron. — Wist"ful*ly, adv. — Wist"ful*ness, n.

WISTIT
Wis"tit, n. Etym: [Prob. from native name: cf. F. ouistiti.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small South American monkey; a marmoset. [Written also wistiti, and ouistiti.]

WISTLY
Wist"ly, adv. Etym: [See Wistful.]

Defn: Attentively; observingly. [Obs.] Shak.

WISTONWISH
Wis"ton*wish, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wishtonwish.

WIT
Wit, v. t. & i. [inf. (To) Wit; pres. sing. Wot; pl. Wite; imp.
Wist(e); p. p. Wist; p. pr. & vb. n. Wit(t)ing. See the Note below.]
Etym: [OE. witen, pres. ich wot, wat, I know (wot), imp. wiste, AS.
witan, pres. wat, imp. wiste, wisse; akin to OFries. wita, OS. witan,
D. weten, G. wissen, OHG. wizzan, Icel. vita, Sw. veta, Dan. vide,
Goth. witan to observe, wait I know, Russ. vidiete to see, L. videre,
Gr. vid to know, learn; cf. Skr. vid to find. History, Idea, Idol, -
oid, Twit, Veda, Vision, Wise, a. & n., Wot.]

Defn: To know; to learn. "I wot and wist alway." Chaucer.

Note: The present tense was inflected as follows; sing. 1st pers. wot; 2d pers. wost, or wot(t)est; 3d pers. wot, or wot(t)eth; pl. witen, or wite. The following variant forms also occur; pres. sing. 1st & 3d pers. wat, woot; pres. pl. wyten, or wyte, weete, wote, wot; imp. wuste (Southern dialect); p. pr. wotting. Later, other variant or corrupt forms are found, as, in Shakespeare, 3d pers. sing. pres. wots. Brethren, we do you to wit [make you to know] of the grace of God bestowed on the churches of Macedonia. 2 Cor. viii. 1. Thou wost full little what thou meanest. Chaucer. We witen not what thing we prayen here. Chaucer. When that the sooth in wist. Chaucer.

Note: This verb is now used only in the infinitive, to wit, which is employed, especially in legal language, to call attention to a particular thing, or to a more particular specification of what has preceded, and is equivalent to namely, that is to say.

WIT Wit, n. Etym: [AS. witt, wit; akin to OFries. wit, G. witz, OHG. wizzi, Icel. vit, Dan. vid, Sw. vett. sq. root133. See Wit, v.]

1. Mind; intellect; understanding; sense.
Who knew the wit of the Lord or who was his counselor Wyclif (Rom.
xi. 34).
A prince most prudent, of an excellent And unmatched wit and
judgment. Shak.
Will puts in practice what wit deviseth. Sir J. Davies.
He wants not wit the dander to decline. Dryden.

2. A mental faculty, or power of the mind; — used in this sense chiefly in the plural, and in certain phrases; as, to lose one's wits; at one's wits' end, and the like. "Men's wittes ben so dull." Chaucer. I will stare him out of his wits. Shak.

3. Felicitous association of objects not usually connected, so as to produce a pleasant surprise; also. the power of readily combining objects in such a manner. The definition of wit is only this, that it is a propriety of thoughts and words; or, in other terms, thoughts and words elegantly adapted to the subject. Dryden. Wit which discovers partial likeness hidden in general diversity. Coleridge. Wit lying most in the assemblage of ideas, and putting those together with quickness and variety wherein can be found any resemblance or congruity, thereby to make up pleasant pictures in the fancy. Locke.

4. A person of eminent sense or knowledge; a man of genius, fancy, or humor; one distinguished for bright or amusing sayings, for repartee, and the like. In Athens, where books and wits were ever busier than in any other part of Greece, I find but only two sorts of writings which the magistrate cared to take notice of; those either blasphemous and atheistical, or libelous. Milton. Intemperate wits will spare neither friend nor foe. L'Estrange. A wit herself, Amelia weds a wit. Young. The five wits, the five senses; also, sometimes, the five qualities or faculties, common wit, imagination, fantasy, estimation, and memory. Chaucer. Nares. But my five wits nor my five senses can Dissuade one foolish heart from serving thee. Shak.

Syn. — Ingenuity; humor; satire; sarcasm; irony; burlesque. — Wit, Humor. Wit primarily meant mind; and now denotes the power of seizing on some thought or occurrence, and, by a sudden turn, presenting it under aspects wholly new and unexpected — apparently natural and admissible, if not perfectly just, and bearing on the subject, or the parties concerned, with a laughable keenness and force. "What I want," said a pompous orator, aiming at his antagonist, "is common sense." "Exactly!" was the whispered reply. The pleasure we find in wit arises from the ingenuity of the turn, the sudden surprise it brings, and the patness of its application to the case, in the new and ludicrous relations thus flashed upon the view. Humor is a quality more congenial to the English mind than wit. It consists primarily in taking up the peculiarities of a humorist (or eccentric person) and drawing them out, as Addison did those of Sir Roger de Coverley, so that we enjoy a hearty, good-natured laugh at his unconscious manifestation of whims and oddities. From this original sense the term has been widened to embrace other sources of kindly mirth of the same general character. In a well-known caricature of English reserve, an Oxford student is represented as standing on the brink of a river, greatly agitated at the sight of a drowning man before him, and crying out, "O that I had been introduced to this gentleman, that I might save his life! The, "Silent Woman" of Ben Jonson is one of the most humorous productions, in the original sense of the term, which we have in our language.

WITAN
Wit"an, n. pl. [AS., pl. of wita sage, councilor.]

Defn: Lit., wise men; specif. (A.-S. Hist.),

Defn: the members of the national, or king's, council which sat to assist the king in administrative and judicial matters; also, the council.

WITCH
Witch, n. Etym: [Cf. Wick of a lamp.]

Defn: A cone of paper which is placed in a vessel of lard or other fat, and used as a taper. [Prov. Eng.]

WITCH Witch, n. Etym: [OE. wicche, AS. wicce, fem., wicca, masc.; perhaps the same word as AS. witiga, witga, a soothsayer (cf. Wiseacre); cf. Fries. wikke, a witch, LG. wikken to predict, Icel. vitki a wizard, vitka to bewitch.]

1. One who practices the black art, or magic; one regarded as possessing supernatural or magical power by compact with an evil spirit, esp. with the Devil; a sorcerer or sorceress; — now applied chiefly or only to women, but formerly used of men as well. There was a man in that city whose name was Simon, a witch. Wyclif (Acts viii. 9). He can not abide the old woman of Brentford; he swears she's a witch. Shak.

2. An ugly old woman; a hag. Shak.

3. One who exercises more than common power of attraction; a charming or bewitching person; also, one given to mischief; — said especially of a woman or child. [Colloq.]

4. (Geom.)

Defn: A certain curve of the third order, described by Maria Agnesi under the name versiera.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The stormy petrel. Witch balls, a name applied to the interwoven rolling masses of the stems of herbs, which are driven by the winds over the steppes of Tartary. Cf. Tumbleweed. Maunder (Treas. of Bot.) — Witches' besoms (Bot.), tufted and distorted branches of the silver fir, caused by the attack of some fungus. Maunder (Treas. of Bot.) — Witches' butter (Bot.), a name of several gelatinous cryptogamous plants, as Nostoc commune, and Exidia glandulosa. See Nostoc. — Witch grass (Bot.), a kind of grass (Panicum capillare) with minute spikelets on long, slender pedicels forming a light, open panicle. — Witch meal (Bot.), vegetable sulphur. See under Vegetable.

WITCH
Witch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Witched; p. pr. & vb. n. Witching.] Etym:
[AS. wiccian.]

Defn: To bewitch; to fascinate; to enchant.
[I 'll] witch sweet ladies with my words and looks. Shak.
Whether within us or without The spell of this illusion be That
witches us to hear and see. Lowell.

WITCHCRAFT
Witch"craft`, n. Etym: [AS. wiccecræft.]

1. The practices or art of witches; sorcery; enchantments; intercourse with evil spirits.

2. Power more than natural; irresistible influence. He hath a witchcraft Over the king in 's tongue. Shak.

WITCH-ELM
Witch"-elm`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Wych-elm.

WITCHERY
Witch"er*y, n; pl. Witcheries (.

1. Sorcery; enchantment; witchcraft. Great Comus, Deep skilled in all his mother's witcheries. Milton. A woman infamous . . . for witcheries. Sir W. Scott.

2. Fascination; irresistible influence; enchantment. He never felt The witchery of the soft blue sky. Wordsworth. The dear, dear witchery of song. Bryant.

WITCH-HAZEL
Witch"-ha`zel, n. Etym: [See Wych-elm, and Hazel.] (Bot.)

Defn: The wych-elm. (b) An American shrub or small tree (Hamamelis Virginica), which blossoms late in autumn.

WITCHING
Witch"ing, a.

Defn: That witches or enchants; suited to enchantment or witchcraft; bewitching. "The very witching time of night." Shak. — Witch"ing*ly, adv.

WITCH-TREE
Witch"-tree`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The witch-hazel.

WITCHUCK
Wit"chuck`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The sand martin, or bank swallow. [Prov. Eng.]

WIT-CRACKER
Wit"-crack`er, n.

Defn: One who breaks jests; a joker. [Obs.] Shak.

WITCRAFT
Wit"craft`, n.

1. Art or skill of the mind; contrivance; invention; wit. [Obs.] Camden.

2. The art of reasoning; logic. [R.]

WITE Wite, v. t. Etym: [AS. witan; akin to D. wijten, G. verweisen, Icel. vita to mulct, and E. wit; cf. AS. witan to see, L. animadvertere to observe, to punish. Wit, v.]

Defn: To reproach; to blame; to censure; also, to impute as blame.
[Obs. or Scot.] Spenser.
Though that I be jealous, wite me not. Chaucer.
There if that I misspeak or say, Wite it the ale of Southwark, I you
pray. Chaucer.

WITE
Wite, n. Etym: [AS. wite punishment. Wite, v.]

Defn: Blame; reproach. [Obs. or Scot.] Chaucer.

WITELESS
Wite"less, a.

Defn: Blameless. [Obs.] Spenser.

WITEN
Wit"en, obs.

Defn: pl. pres. of Wit. Chaucer.

WITENAGEMOTE Wit"e*na*ge*mote`, n. Etym: [AS. witena gemot an assembly of the wise; wita a wise man + gemot assembly.] (AS. Hist.)

Defn: A meeting of wise men; the national council, or legislature, of
England in the days of the Anglo-Saxons, before the Norman Conquest.

WITFISH
Wit"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The ladyfish (a).

WITFUL
Wit"ful, a.

Defn: Wise; sensible. [R.] Chapman.

WITH
With, n.

Defn: See Withe.

WITH With, prep. Etym: [OE. with, AS. wi with, against; akin to AS. wi against, OFries. with, OS. wi, wi, D. weder, weêr (in comp.), G. wider against, wieder gain, OHG. widar again, against, Icel. vi against, with, by, at, Sw. vid at, by, Dan. ved, Goth. wipra against, Skr. vi asunder. Cf. Withdraw, Withers, Withstand.]

Defn: With denotes or expresses some situation or relation of nearness, proximity, association, connection, or the like. It is used especially: —

1. To denote a close or direct relation of opposition or hostility; - - equivalent to against. Thy servant will . . . fight with this Philistine. 1 Sam. xvii. 32.

Note: In this sense, common in Old English, it is now obsolete except in a few compounds; as, withhold; withstand; and after the verbs fight, contend, struggle, and the like.

2. To denote association in respect of situation or environment; hence, among; in the company of. I will buy with you, talk with you, walk with you, and so following; but I will not eat with you, drink with you, nor pray with you. Shak. Pity your own, or pity our estate, Nor twist our fortunes with your sinking fate. Dryden. See where on earth the flowery glories lie; With her they flourished, and with her they die. Pope. There is no living with thee nor without thee. Tatler. Such arguments had invincible force with those pagan philosophers. Addison.

3. To denote a connection of friendship, support, alliance, assistance, countenance, etc.; hence, on the side of. Fear not, for I am with thee, and will bless thee. Gen. xxvi. 24.

4. To denote the accomplishment of cause, means, instrument, etc; — sometimes equivalent to by. That with these fowls I be all to-rent. Chaucer. Thou wilt be like a lover presently, And tire the hearer with a book of words. Shak. [He] entertained a coffeehouse with the following narrative. Addison. With receiving your friends within and amusing them without, you lead a good, pleasant, bustling life of it. Goldsmith.

5. To denote association in thought, as for comparison or contrast. Can blazing carbuncles with her compare. Sandys.

6. To denote simultaneous happening, or immediate succession or
consequence.
With that she told me . . . that she would hide no truth from me. Sir
P. Sidney.
With her they flourished, and with her they die. Pope.
With this he pointed to his face. Dryden.

7. To denote having as a possession or an appendage; as, the firmament with its stars; a bride with a large fortune. "A maid with clean hands." Shak.

Note: With and by are closely allied in many of their uses, and it is not easy to lay down a rule by which to distinguish their uses. See the Note under By.

WITHAL
With*al", adv. Etym: [With + all.]

1. With this; with that. [Obs.] He will scarce be pleased withal. Shak.

2. Together with this; likewise; at the same time; in addition; also. [Archaic] Fy on possession But if a man be virtuous withal. Chaucer. If you choose that, then I am yours withal. Shak. How modest in exception, and withal How terrible in constant resolution. Shak.

WITHAL
With*al", prep.

Defn: With; — put after its object, at the end of sentence or clause
in which it stands. [Obs.]
This diamond he greets your wife withal. Shak.
Whatsoever uncleanness it be that a man shall be defiled withal. Lev.
v. 3.

WITHAMITE
With"am*ite, n. Etym: [From its discoverer, H. Witham.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of epidote, of a reddish color, found in Scotland.

WITHDRAW
With*draw", v. t. [imp. Withdrew; p. p. Withdrawn; p. pr. & vb. n.
Withdrawing.] Etym: [With against + draw.]

1. To take back or away, as what has been bestowed or enjoyed; to draw back; to cause to move away or retire; as, to withdraw aid, favor, capital, or the like. Impossible it is that God should withdraw his presence from anything. Hooker.

2. To take back; to recall or retract; as, to withdraw false charges.

WITHDRAW
With*draw", v. i.

Defn: To retire; to retreat; to quit a company or place; to go away; as, he withdrew from the company. "When the sea withdrew." King Horn.

Syn.
— To recede; retrograde; go back.

WITHDRAWAL
With*draw"al, n.

Defn: The act of withdrawing; withdrawment; retreat; retraction.
Fielding.

WITHDRAWER
With*draw"er, n.

Defn: One who withdraws; one who takes back, or retracts.

WITHDRAWING-ROOM
With*draw"ing-room`, n. Etym: [See Withdraw, and cf. Drawing-room.]

Defn: A room for retirement from another room, as from a dining room;
a drawing-room.
A door in the middle leading to a parlor and withdrawing-room. Sir W.
Scott.

WITHDRAWMENT
With*draw"ment, n.

Defn: The act of withdrawing; withdrawal. W. Belsham.

WITHE
Withe, n. Etym: [OE. withe. Withy, n.] [Written also with.]

1. A flexible, slender twig or branch used as a band; a willow or osier twig; a withy.

2. A band consisting of a twig twisted.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: An iron attachment on one end of a mast or boom, with a ring, through which another mast or boom is rigged out and secured; a wythe. R. H. Dana, Jr.

4. (Arch.)

Defn: A partition between flues in a chimney.

WITHE
Withe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Withed; p. pr. & vb. n. Withing.]

Defn: To bind or fasten with withes. You shall see him withed, and haltered, and staked, and baited to death. Bp. Hall.

WITHER
With"er, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Withered; p. pr. & vb. n. Withering.]
Etym: [OE. wideren; probably the same word as wederen to weather (see
Weather, v. & n.); or cf. G. verwittern to decay, to be weather-
beaten, Lith. vysti to wither.]

1. To fade; to lose freshness; to become sapless; to become sapless; to dry or shrivel up. Shall he hot pull up the roots thereof, and cut off the fruit thereof, that it wither Ezek. xvii. 9.

2. To lose or want animal moisture; to waste; to pin
This is man, old, wrinkled, faded, withered. Shak.
There was a man which had his hand withered. Matt. xii. 10.
Now warm in love, now with'ring in the grave. Dryden.

3. To lose vigor or power; to languish; to pass away. "Names that must not wither." Byron. States thrive or wither as moons wax and wane. Cowper.

WITHER
With"er, v. t.

1. To cause to fade, and become dry. The sun is no sooner risen with a burning heat, but it withereth the grass, and the flower thereof falleth. James i. 11.

2. To cause to shrink, wrinkle, or decay, for want of animal moisture. "Age can not wither her." Shak. Shot forth pernicious fire Among the accursed, that withered all their strength. Milton.

3. To cause to languish, perish, or pass away; to blight; as, a reputation withered by calumny. The passions and the cares that wither life. Bryant.

WITHERBAND
With"er*band`, n. Etym: [Withers + band.] (Far.)

Defn: A piece of iron in a saddle near a horse's withers, to strengthen the bow.

WITHERED
With"ered, a.

Defn: Faded; dried up; shriveled; wilted; wasted; wasted away.
— With"ered*ness, n. Bp. Hall.

WITHERING
With"er*ing, a.

Defn: Tending to wither; causing to shrink or fade.
— With"er*ing*ly, adv.

WITHERITE
With"er*ite, n. Etym: [So called after Dr. W. Withering.] (Min.)

Defn: Barium carbonate occurring in white or gray six-sided twin crystals, and also in columnar or granular masses.

WITHERLING
With"er*ling, n. Etym: [Wither + -ling.]

Defn: A withered person; one who is decrepit. [Obs.] Chapman.

WITHERNAM With"er*nam, n. Etym: [AS. withernam; wither against + nam a seizure, fr. niman to take.] (Law)

Defn: A second or reciprocal distress of other goods in lieu of goods which were taken by a first distress and have been eloigned; a taking by way of reprisal; — chiefly used in the expression capias in withernam, which is the name of a writ used in connection with the action of replevin (sometimes called a writ of reprisal), which issues to a defendant in replevin when he has obtained judgment for a return of the chattels replevied, and fails to obtain them on the writ of return. Blackstone.

WITHE-ROD
Withe"-rod`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A North American shrub (Viburnum nudum) whose tough osierlike shoots are sometimes used for binding sheaves.

WITHERS With"ers, n. pl. Etym: [Properly, the parts which resist the pull or strain in drawing a load; fr. OE. wither resistance, AS. withre, fr. wither against; akin to G. widerrist withers. See With, prep.]

Defn: The ridge between the shoulder bones of a horse, at the base of the neck. See Illust. of Horse. Let the galled jade wince; our withers are unwrung. Shak.

WITHER-WRUNG
With"er-wrung`, a.

Defn: Injured or hurt in the withers, as a horse.

WITHHOLD
With*hold", v. t. [imp. Withheld; p. p. Withheld, Obs. or Archaic
Withholden (; p. pr. & vb. n. Withholding.] Etym: [With again,
against, back + hold.]

1. To hold back; to restrain; to keep from action. Withhold, O sovereign prince, your hasty hand From knitting league with him. Spenser.

2. To retain; to keep back; not to grant; as, to withhold assent to a
proposition.
Forbid who will, none shall from me withhold Longer thy offered good.
Milton.

3. To keep; to maintain; to retain. [Obs.] To withhold it the more easily in heart. Chaucer.

WITHHOLDER
With*hold"er, n.

Defn: One who withholds.

WITHHOLDMENT
With*hold"ment, n.

Defn: The act of withholding.

WITHIN
With*in", prep. Etym: [OE. withinne, withinnen, AS. withinnan; with
with, against, toward + innan in, inwardly, within, from in in. See
With, prep., In, prep.]

1. In the inner or interior part of; inside of; not without; as, within doors. O, unhappy youth! Come not within these doors; within this roof The enemy of all your graces lives. Shak. Till this be cured by religion, it is as impossible for a man to be happy — that is, pleased and contented within himself — as it is for a sick man to be at ease. Tillotson.

2. In the limits or compass of; not further in length than; as, within five miles; not longer in time than; as, within an hour; not exceeding in quantity; as, expenses kept within one's income. "That he repair should again within a little while." Chaucer. Within these five hours lived Lord Hastings, Untainted, unexamined, free, at liberty. Shak.

3. Hence, inside the limits, reach, or influence of; not going outside of; not beyond, overstepping, exceeding, or the like. Both he and she are still within my power. Dryden. Within himself The danger lies, yet lies within his power. Milton. Were every action concluded within itself, and drew no consequence after it, we should, undoubtedly, never err in our choice of good. Locke.

WITHIN
With*in", adv.

1. In the inner part; inwardly; internally. "The wound festers within." Carew. Ills from within thy reason must prevent. Dryden.

2. In the house; in doors; as, the master is within.

WITHINFORTH
With*in"forth`, adv.

Defn: Within; inside; inwardly. [Obs.] Wyclif. [It is much greater] labor for to withinforth call into mind, without sight of the eye withoutforth upon images, what he before knew and thought upon. Bp. Peacock.

WITHINSIDE
With*in"side`, adv.

Defn: In the inner parts; inside. [Obs.] Graves.

WITHOUT With*out", prep. Etym: [OE. withoute, withouten, AS. with; with with, against, toward + outside, fr. out. See With, prep., Out.]

1. On or at the outside of; out of; not within; as, without doors. Without the gate Some drive the cars, and some the coursers rein. Dryden.

2. Out of the limits of; out of reach of; beyond. Eternity, before the world and after, is without our reach. T. Burnet.

3. Not with; otherwise than with; in absence of, separation from, or destitution of; not with use or employment of; independently of; exclusively of; with omission; as, without labor; without damage. I wolde it do withouten negligence. Chaucer. Wise men will do it without a law. Bacon. Without the separation of the two monarchies, the most advantageous terms . . . must end in our destruction. Addison. There is no living with thee nor without thee. Tatler. To do without. See under Do. — Without day Etym: [a translation of L. sine die], without the appointment of a day to appear or assemble again; finally; as, the Fortieth Congress then adjourned without day. — Without recourse. See under Recourse.

WITHOUT
With*out", conj.

Defn: Unless; except; — introducing a clause. You will never live to my age without you keep yourselves in breath with exercise, and in heart with joyfulness. Sir P. Sidney.

Note: Now rarely used by good writers or speakers.

WITHOUT
With*out", adv.

1. On or art the outside; not on the inside; not within; outwardly; externally. Without were fightings, within were fears. 2 Cor. vii. 5.

2. Outside of the house; out of doors. The people came unto the house without. Chaucer.

WITHOUT-DOOR
With*out"-door`, a.

Defn: Outdoor; exterior. [Obs.] "Her without-door form." Shak.

WITHOUTEN
With*out"en, prep.

Defn: Without. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WITHOUTFORTH
With*out"forth`, adv.

Defn: Without; outside' outwardly. Cf. Withinforth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WITHSAY
With*say", v. t.

Defn: To contradict; to gainsay; to deny; to renounce. [Obs.] Gower.
If that he his Christendom withsay. Chaucer.

WITHSET
With*set", v. t.

Defn: To set against; to oppose. [Obs.] "Their way he them withset."
R. of Brunne.

WITHSTAND
With*stand", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Withstood; p. pr. & vb. n.
Withstanding.] Etym: [AS. wiedhstandan. See With, prep., and Stand.]

Defn: To stand against; to oppose; to resist, either with physical or moral force; as, to withstand an attack of troops; to withstand eloquence or arguments. Piers Plowman. I withstood him to the face. Gal. ii. 11. Some village Hampden, that, with dauntless breast. The little tyrant of his fields withstood. Gray.

WITHSTANDER
With*stand"er, n.

Defn: One who withstands, or opposes; an opponent; a resisting power.

WITHSTOOD
With*stood", imp. & p. p.

Defn: oWithstand.

WITHVINE
With"vine`, n. Etym: [Withe + vine.] (Bot.)

Defn: Quitch grass.

WITHWIND
With"wind`, n. Etym: [AS. wiedhowinde.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). He bare a burden ybound with a broad list, In a withewyndes wise ybounden about. Piers Plowman.

WITHWINE
With"wine`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Withvine.

WITHY With"y, n.; pl. Withies. Etym: [OE. withe, wipi, AS. wi a willow, willow twig; akin to G. weide willow, OHG. wida, Icel. vi, a withy, Sw. vide a willow twig, Dan. vidie a willow, osier, Gr. vitis a vine, viere to plait, Russ. vite. sq. root141. Cf. Wine, Withe.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The osier willow (Salix viminalis). See Osier, n. (a).

2. A withe. See Withe, 1.

WITHY
With"y, a.

Defn: Made of withes; like a withe; flexible and tough; also,
abounding in withes.
The stream is brimful now, and lies high in this little withy
plantation. G. Eliot.

WITING
Wit"ing, n. Etym: [See Wit, v.]

Defn: Knowledge. [Obs.] "Withouten witing of any other wight."
Chaucer.

WITLESS
Wit"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of wit or understanding; wanting thought; hence,
indiscreet; not under the guidance of judgment. "Witless bravery."
Shak.
A witty mother! witless else her son. Shak.
Witless pity breedeth fruitless love. Fairfax.
— Wit"less*ly, adv.
— Wit"less*ness, n.

WITLING
Wit"ling, n. Etym: [Wit + -ling; cf. G. witzling.]

Defn: A person who has little wit or understanding; a pretender to
wit or smartness.
A beau and witing perished in the forming. Pope.
Ye newspaper witlings! ye pert scribbling folks! Goldsmith.

WITNESS Wit"ness, n. Etym: [AS. witness, gewitnes, from witan to know. sq. root133. See Wit, v. i.]

1. Attestation of a fact or an event; testimony. May we with . . . the witness of a good conscience, pursue him with any further revenge Shak. If I bear witness of myself, my witness is not true. John v. 31.

2. That which furnishes evidence or proof. Laban said to Jacob, . . . This heap be witness, and this pillar be witness. Gen. xxxi. 51, 52.

3. One who is cognizant; a person who beholds, or otherwise has personal knowledge of, anything; as, an eyewitness; an earwitness. "Thyself art witness I am betrothed." Shak. Upon my looking round, I was witness to appearances which filled me with melancholy and regret. R. Hall.

4. (Law) (a) One who testifies in a cause, or gives evidence before a judicial tribunal; as, the witness in court agreed in all essential facts. (b) One who sees the execution of an instrument, and subscribes it for the purpose of confirming its authenticity by his testimony; one who witnesses a will, a deed, a marriage, or the like. Privileged witnesses. (Law) See under Privileged. — With a witness, effectually; to a great degree; with great force, so as to leave some mark as a testimony. [Colloq.] This, I confess, is haste with a witness. South.

WITNESS
Wit"ness, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Witnessed; p. pr. & vb. n. Witnessing.]

1. To see or know by personal presence; to have direct cognizance of. This is but a faint sketch of the incalculable calamities and horrors we must expect, should we ever witness the triumphs of modern infidelity. R. Hall. General Washington did not live to witness the restoration of peace. Marshall.

2. To give testimony to; to testify to; to attest. Behold how many things they witness against thee. Mark xv. 4.

3. (Law)

Defn: To see the execution of, as an instrument, and subscribe it for the purpose of establishing its authenticity; as, to witness a bond or a deed.

WITNESS
Wit"ness, v. i.

Defn: To bear testimony; to give evidence; to testify. Chaucer. The men of Belial witnessed against him. 1 Kings xxi. 13. The witnessing of the truth was then so generally attended with this event [martyrdom] that martyrdom now signifies not only to witness, but to witness to death. South.

WITNESSER
Wit"ness*er, n.

Defn: One who witness.

WIT-SNAPPER
Wit"-snap`per, n.

Defn: One who affects repartee; a wit-cracker. [Obs.] Shak.

WIT-STARVED
Wit"-starved`, a.

Defn: Barren of wit; destitute of genius. Examiner.

WITTED
Wit"ted, a.

Defn: Having (such) a wit or understanding; as, a quick-witted boy.

WITTICASTER
Wit"tic*as`ter, n. Etym: [Formed like criticaster.]

Defn: A witling. [R.] Milton.

WITTICISM
Wit"ti*cism, n. Etym: [From Witty.]

Defn: A witty saying; a sentence or phrase which is affectedly witty; an attempt at wit; a conceit. Milton. He is full of conceptions, points of epigram, and witticisms; all which are below the dignity of heroic verse. Addison.

WITTIFIED
Wit"ti*fied, a. Etym: [Witty + -fy + -ed.]

Defn: Possessed of wit; witty. [R.] R. North.

WITTILY
Wit"ti*ly, adv.

Defn: In a witty manner; wisely; ingeniously; artfully; with it; with a delicate turn or phrase, or with an ingenious association of ideas. Who his own harm so wittily contrives. Dryden.

WITTINESS
Wit"ti*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being witty.

WITTINGLY
Wit"ting*ly, adv. Etym: [See Wit, v.]

Defn: Knowingly; with knowledge; by design.

WITTOL Wit"tol, n. Etym: [Said to be for white tail, and so called in allusion to its white tail; but cf. witwal.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The wheatear. [Prov. Eng.]

2. A man who knows his wife's infidelity and submits to it; a tame cuckold; — so called because the cuckoo lays its eggs in the wittol's nest. [Obs.] Shak.

WITTOLLY
Wit"tol*ly, a.

Defn: Like a wittol; cuckoldly. [Obs.] Shak.

WITTS
Witts, n. (Mining)

Defn: Tin ore freed from earthy matter by stamping. Knight.

WITTY Wit"ty, a. [Compar. Wittier; superl. Wittiest.] Etym: [AS. witig, wittig. See Wit, n.]

1. Possessed of wit; knowing; wise; skillful; judicious; clever; cunning. [Obs.] "The deep-revolving witty Buckingham." Shak.

2. Especially, possessing wit or humor; good at repartee; droll; facetious; sometimes, sarcastic; as, a witty remark, poem, and the like. "Honeycomb, who was so unmercifully witty upon the women." Addison.

Syn. — Acute; smart; sharp; arch; keen; facetious; amusing; humorous; satirical; ironical; taunting.

WITWAL; WITWALL Wit"wal`, Wit"wall`, n. Etym: [Akin to G. wittewal, wiedewall, MHG. witewal, D. wiedewaal, wielewaal, OD. weduwael, and perhaps the same word as OE. wodewale. Cf. Wood, n., Wittol.] (Zoöl.) (a) The golden oriole. (b) The greater spotted woodpecker. [Prov. Eng.]

WITWORM
Wit"worm`, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, feeds on or destroys wit. [Obs.] B.
Jonson.

WIVE Wive, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Wived; p. pr. & vb. n. Wiving.] Etym: [AS. wifian, gewifian. See Wite.]

Defn: To marry, as a man; to take a wife.
Wherefore we pray you hastily to wive. Chaucer.

WIVE
Wive, v. t.

1. To match to a wife; to provide with a wife. "An I could get me but a wife . . . I were manned, horsed, and wived." Shak.

2. To take for a wife; to marry. I have wived his sister. Sir W. Scott.

WIVEHOOD
Wive"hood, n.

Defn: Wifehood. [Obs.] Spenser.

WIVELESS
Wive"less, a.

Defn: Wifeless. [Obs.] Homilies.

WIVELY
Wive"ly, a.

Defn: Wifely. [Obs.] Udall.

WIVER; WIVERN
Wiv"er, Wiv"ern, n. Etym: [OE. wivere a serpent, OF. wivre, guivre,
F. givre, guivre, wiver, from L. vipera; probably influenced by OHG.
wipera, from the Latin. See Viper, and cf. Weever.]

1. (Her.)

Defn: A fabulous two-legged, winged creature, like a cockatrice, but having the head of a dragon, and without spurs. [Written also wyvern.] The jargon of heraldry, its griffins, its mold warps, its wiverns, and its dragons. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The weever.

WIVES
Wives, n.

Defn: , pl of Wife.

WIZARD
Wiz"ard, n. Etym: [Probably from wise + -ard.]

1. A wise man; a sage. [Obs.] See how from far upon the eastern road The star-led wizards [Magi] haste with odors sweet! Milton.

2. One devoted to the black art; a magician; a conjurer; a sorcerer; an enchanter. The wily wizard must be caught. Dryden.

WIZARD
Wiz"ard, a.

1. Enchanting; charming. Collins.

2. Haunted by wizards. Where Deva spreads her wizard stream. Milton.

WIZARDLY
Wiz"ard*ly, a.

Defn: Resembling or becoming a wizard; wizardlike; weird.

WIZARDRY
Wiz"ard*ry, n.

Defn: The character or practices o "He acquired a reputation bordering on wizardry." J. A. Symonds.

WIZEN Wiz"en, v. i. Etym: [OE. wisenen, AS. wisnian akin to weornian to decay, OHG. wesan to grow dry, G. verwesen to rot, Icel. visna to wither, Sw. vissna, Dan. visne, and probably to L. virus an offensive odor, poison. Cf. Virus.]

Defn: To wither; to dry. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

WIZEN
Wiz"en, a.

Defn: Wizened; thin; weazen; withered.
A little lonely, wizen, strangely clad boy. Dickens.

WIZEN
Wiz"en, n.

Defn: The weasand. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

WIZENED
Wiz"ened, a.

Defn: Dried; shriveled; withered; shrunken; weazen; as, a wizened old man.

WIZEN-FACED
Wiz"en-faced`, a.

Defn: Having a shriveled, thin, withered face.

WLATSOME
Wlat"some, a. Etym: [AS. wlatian to disgust, irk, wl loathing.]

Defn: Loathsome; disgusting; hateful. [Obs.]
Murder is . . . wlatsom and abhominable to God. Chaucer.

WO
Wo, n. & a.

Defn: See Woe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WOAD Woad, n. Etym: [OE. wod, AS. wad; akin to D. weede, G. waid, OHG. weit, Dan. vaid, veid, Sw. veide, L. vitrum.] [Written also wad, and wade.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: An herbaceous cruciferous plant (Isatis tinctoria). It was formerly cultivated for the blue coloring matter derived from its leaves.

2. A blue dyestuff, or coloring matter, consisting of the powdered and fermented leaves of the Isatis tinctoria. It is now superseded by indigo, but is somewhat used with indigo as a ferment in dyeing. Their bodies . . . painted with woad in sundry figures. Milton. Wild woad (Bot.), the weld (Reseda luteola). See Weld. — Woad mill, a mill grinding and preparing woad.

WOADED
Woad"ed, a.

Defn: Colored or stained with woad. "Man tattoed or woaded, winter- clad in skins." Tennyson.

WOAD-WAXEN
Woad"-wax`en, n. Etym: [Cf. Wood-wax.] (Bot.)

Defn: A leguminous plant (Genista tinctoria) of Europe and Russian Asia, and adventitious in America; — called also greenwood, greenweed, dyer's greenweed, and whin, wood-wash, wood-wax, and wood- waxen.

WOALD
Woald, n.

Defn: See Weld.

WOBBLE
Wob"ble, v. i.

Defn: See Wabble.

WODE
Wode, a. Etym: [AS. wod.]

Defn: Mad. See Wood, a. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer.

WODE
Wode, n.

Defn: Wood. Chaucer.

WODEGELD
Wode"geld`, n. Etym: [See Wood, and Geld.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A geld, or payment, for wood. Burrill.

WODEN
Wo"den, n. Etym: [AS. Woden; akin to OS. Wodan, OHG. Wuotan, Icel.
Othinn, and probably to E. wood, a. Cf. Wednesday.] (Northern Myth.)

Defn: A deity corresponding to Odin, the supreme deity of the
Scandinavians. Wednesday is named for him. See Odin.

WOE Woe, n. Etym: [OE. wo, wa, woo, AS. wa, interj.; akin to D. wee, OS. & OHG. we, G. weh, Icel. vei, Dan. vee, Sw. ve, Goth. wai; cf. L. vae, Gr. Wail.] [Formerly written also wo.]

1. Grief; sorrow; misery; heavy calamity. Thus saying, from her side the fatal key, Sad instrument of all our woe, she took. Milton. [They] weep each other's woe. Pope.

2. A curse; a malediction. Can there be a woe or curse in all the stores of vengeance equal to the malignity of such a practice South.

Note: Woe is used in denunciation, and in exclamations of sorrow. "
Woe is me! for I am undone." Isa. vi. 5.
O! woe were us alive [i.e., in life]. Chaucer.
Woe unto him that striveth with his Maker! Isa. xlv. 9.
Woe worth, Woe be to. See Worth, v. i.
Woe worth the chase, woe worth the day, That costs thy life, my
gallant gray! Sir W. Scott.

WOE
Woe, a.

Defn: Woeful; sorrowful. [Obs.]
His clerk was woe to do that deed. Robert of Brunne.
Woe was this knight and sorrowfully he sighed. Chaucer.
And looking up he waxed wondrous woe. Spenser.

WOE-BEGONE
Woe"-be*gone`, a. Etym: [OE. wo begon. See Woe, and Begone, p. p.]

Defn: Beset or overwhelmed with woe; immersed in grief or sorrow;
woeful. Chaucer.
So woe-begone was he with pains of love. Fairfax.

WOEFUL; WOFUL
Woe"ful, Wo"ful, a.

1. Full of woe; sorrowful; distressed with grief or calamity; afflicted; wretched; unhappy; sad. How many woeful widows left to bow To sad disgrace! Daniel.

2. Bringing calamity, distress, or affliction; as, a woeful event; woeful want. O woeful day! O day of woe! Philips.

3. Wretched; paltry; miserable; poor. What woeful stuff this madrigal would be! Pope.

WOEFULLY; WOFULLY
Woe"ful*ly, Wo"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: In a woeful manner; sorrowfully; mournfully; miserably; dolefully.

WOEFULNESS; WOFULNESS
Woe"ful*ness, Wo"ful*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being woeful; misery; wretchedness.

WOESOME
Woe"some, a.

Defn: Woeful. [Obs.] Langhorne.

WOKE
Woke, imp. & p. p.

Defn: Wake.

WOL
Wol, v. t. & i.

Defn: See 2d Will. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WOLD Wold, n. Etym: [OE. wold, wald, AS. weald, wald, a wood, forest; akin to OFries. & OS. wald, D. woud, G. wald, Icel. völlr, a field, and probably to Gr. va a garden, inclosure. Cf. Weald.]

1. A wood; a forest.

2. A plain, or low hill; a country without wood, whether hilly or not. And from his further bank Ætolia's wolds espied. Byron. The wind that beats the mountain, blows More softly round the open wold. Tennyson.

WOLD
Wold, n.

Defn: See Weld.

WOLDE
Wolde, obs.

Defn: imp. of Will. See Would.

WOLF Wolf, n.; pl. Wolves. Etym: [OE. wolf, wulf, AS. wulf; akin to OS. wulf, D. & G. wolf, Icel. ulfr, Sw. ulf, Dan. ulv, Goth. wulfs, Lith. vilkas, Russ. volk', L. lupus, Gr. ly`kos, Skr. vrska; also to Gr. "e`lkein to draw, drag, tear in pieces. sq. root286. Cf. Lupine, a., Lyceum.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of wild and savage carnivores belonging to the genus Canis and closely allied to the common dog. The best-known and most destructive species are the European wolf (Canis lupus), the American gray, or timber, wolf (C. occidentalis), and the prairie wolf, or coyote. Wolves often hunt in packs, and may thus attack large animals and even man.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the destructive, and usually hairy, larvæ of several species of beetles and grain moths; as, the bee wolf.

3. Fig.: Any very ravenous, rapacious, or destructive person or thing; especially, want; starvation; as, they toiled hard to keep the wolf from the door.

4. A white worm, or maggot, which infests granaries.

5. An eating ulcer or sore. Cf. Lupus. [Obs.] If God should send a cancer upon thy face, or a wolf into thy side. Jer. Taylor.

6. (Mus.) (a) The harsh, howling sound of some of the chords on an organ or piano tuned by unequal temperament. (b) In bowed instruments, a harshness due to defective vibration in certain notes of the scale.

7. (Textile Manuf.)

Defn: A willying machine. Knight. Black wolf. (Zoöl.) (a) A black variety of the European wolf which is common in the Pyrenees. (b) A black variety of the American gray wolf. — Golden wolf (Zoöl.), the Thibetan wolf (Canis laniger); — called also chanco. — Indian wolf (Zoöl.), an Asiatic wolf (Canis pallipes) which somewhat resembles a jackal. Called also landgak. — Prairie wolf (Zoöl.), the coyote. — Sea wolf. (Zoöl.) See in the Vocabulary. — Strand wolf (Zoöl.) the striped hyena. — Tasmanian wolf (Zoöl.), the zebra wolf. — Tiger wolf (Zoöl.), the spotted hyena. — To keep the wolf from the door, to keep away poverty; to prevent starvation. See Wolf, 3, above. Tennyson. — Wolf dog. (Zoöl.) (a) The mastiff, or shepherd dog, of the Pyrenees, supposed by some authors to be one of the ancestors of the St. Bernard dog. (b) The Irish greyhound, supposed to have been used formerly by the Danes for chasing wolves. (c) A dog bred between a dog and a wolf, as the Eskimo dog. — Wolf eel (Zoöl.), a wolf fish. — Wolf fish (Zoöl.), any one of several species of large, voracious marine fishes of the genus Anarrhichas, especially the common species (A. lupus) of Europe and North America. These fishes have large teeth and powerful jaws. Called also catfish, sea cat, sea wolf, stone biter, and swinefish. — Wolf net, a kind of net used in fishing, which takes great numbers of fish. — Wolf's peach (Bot.), the tomato, or love apple (Lycopersicum esculentum). — Wolf spider (Zoöl.), any one of numerous species of running ground spiders belonging to the genus Lycosa, or family Lycosidæ. These spiders run about rapidly in search of their prey. Most of them are plain brown or blackish in color. See Illust. in App. — Zebra wolf (Zoöl.), a savage carnivorous marsupial (Thylacinus cynocephalus) native of Tasmania; — called also Tasmanian wolf.

WOLFBERRY
Wolf"ber`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An American shrub (Symphoricarpus occidentalis) which bears soft white berries.

WOLFFIAN
Wolff"i*an, a (Anat.)

Defn: Discovered, or first described, by Caspar Friedrich Wolff
(1733-1794), the founder of modern embryology. Wolffian body, the
mesonephros.
— Wolffian duct, the duct from the Wolffian body.

WOLFHOUND
Wolf"hound`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Originally, a large hound used in hunting wolves; now, any one of certain breeds of large dogs, some of which are nearly identical with the great Danes.

WOLFISH
Wolf"ish, a.

Defn: Like a wolf; having the qualities or form of a wolf; as, a
wolfish visage; wolfish designs.
— Wolf"ish*ly, adv.
— Wolf"ish*ness, n.

WOLFKIN
Wolf"kin, n.

Defn: A little or young wolf. Tennyson.

WOLFLING
Wolf"ling, n.

Defn: A young wolf. Carlyle.

WOLFRAM
Wol"fram, n. Etym: [G.] (Min.)

Defn: Same as Wolframite.

WOLFRAMATE
Wol"fram*ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of wolframic acid; a tungstate.

WOLFRAMIC
Wol*fram"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to wolframium. See Tungstic.

WOLFRAMITE Wol"fram*ite, n. Etym: [G., wolframit, wolfram; wolf wolf + rahm cream, soot; cf. G. wolfsruss wolfram, lit., wolf's soot.] (Min.)

Defn: Tungstate of iron and manganese, generally of a brownish or grayish black color, submetallic luster, and high specific gravity. It occurs in cleavable masses, and also crystallized. Called also wolfram.

WOLFRAMIUM
Wol*fra"mi*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Wolfram.] (Chem.)

Defn: The technical name of the element tungsten. See Tungsten.

WOLFRAM STEEL
Wol"fram steel.

Defn: Same as Tungsten steel.

WOLFSBANE
Wolfs"bane`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A poisonous plant (Aconitum Lycoctonum), a kind of monkshood; also, by extension, any plant or species of the genus Aconitum. See Aconite.

WOLF'S-CLAW
Wolf's"-claw`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of club moss. See Lycopodium.

WOLF'S-FOOT
Wolf's"-foot`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Club moss. See Lycopodium.

WOLF'S-MILK
Wolf's"-milk`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Any kind of spurge (Euphorbia); — so called from its acrid milky juice.

WOLL
Woll, v. t. & i.

Defn: See 2d Will. [Obs.]

WOLLASTONITE Wol"las*ton*ite, n. Etym: [After Dr. W. H. Wollaston, an English chemist, who died in 1828.] (Min.)

Defn: A silicate of lime of a white to gray, red, or yellow color, occurring generally in cleavable masses, rarely in tabular crystals; tabular spar.

WOLLASTON'S DOUBLET
Wol"las*ton's dou"blet. [After W. H. Wollaston, English physicist.]
(Optics)

Defn: A magnifying glass consisting of two plano-convex lenses. It is designed to correct spherical aberration and chromatic dispersion.

WOLLE
Wolle, n.

Defn: Wool. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WOLVERENE; WOLVERINE Wol`ver*ene", Wol`ver*ine", n. Etym: [From Wolf, with a dim suffix; prob. so called from its supposed wolfish qualities.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The glutton.

2. A nickname for an inhabitant of Michigan. [U. S.]

WOLVERENE STATE
Wol`ver*ene" State.

Defn: Michigan; — a nickname.

WOLVES
Wolves, n.,

Defn: pl. of Wolf.

WOLVISH
Wolv"ish, a.

Defn: Wolfish. Shak.

WOMAN Wom"an n.; pl. Women. Etym: [OE. woman, womman, wumman, wimman, wifmon, AS. wifmann, wimmann; wif woman, wife + mann a man. See Wife, and Man.]

1. An adult female person; a grown-up female person, as distinguished from a man or a child; sometimes, any female person. Women are soft, mild pitiful, and flexible. Shak. And the rib, which the Lord God had taken from man, made he a woman. Gen. ii. 22. I have observed among all nations that the women ornament themselves more than the men; that, wherever found, they are the same kind, civil, obliging, humane, tender beings, inclined to be gay and cheerful, timorous and modest. J. Ledyard.

2. The female part of the human race; womankind. Man is destined to be a prey to woman. Thackeray.

3. A female attendant or servant. " By her woman I sent your message." Shak. Woman hater, one who hates women; one who has an aversion to the female sex; a misogynist. Swift.

WOMAN
Wom"an, v. t.

1. To act the part of a woman in; — with indefinite it. Daniel.

2. To make effeminate or womanish. [R.] Shak.

3. To furnish with, or unite to, a woman. [R.] "To have him see me woman'd." Shak.

WOMANHEAD; WOMANHEDE
Wom"an*head, Wom"an*hede, n.

Defn: Womanhood. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WOMANHOOD
Wom"an*hood, n.

1. The state of being a woman; the distinguishing character or qualities of a woman, or of womankind. Unspotted faith, and comely womanhood. Spenser. Perhaps the smile and the tender tone Came out of her pitying womanhood. Tennyson.

2. Women, collectively; womankind.

WOMANISH
Wom"an*ish, a.

Defn: Suitable to a woman, having the qualities of a woman;
effeminate; not becoming a man; — usually in a reproachful sense.
See the Note under Effeminate. " Thy tears are womanish." Shak. "
Womanish entreaties." Macaulay.
A voice not soft, weak, piping, and womanish, but audible, strong,
and manlike. Ascham.
— Wom"an*ish*ly, adv.
— Wom"an*ish*ness, n.

WOMANIZE
Wom"an*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make like a woman; to make effeminate. [Obs.] V. Knox.

WOMANKIND
Wom"an*kind`, n.

Defn: The females of the human race; women, collectively. A sanctuary into which womankind, with her tools of magic, the broom and mop, has very infrequent access. Hawthorne.

WOMANLESS
Wom"an*less, a.

Defn: Without a woman or women.

WOMANLIKE
Wom"an*like, a.

Defn: Like a woman; womanly.
Womanlike, taking revenge too deep. Tennyson.

WOMANLINESS
Wom"an*li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being womanly. There is nothing wherein their womanliness is more honestly garnished than with silence. Udall.

WOMANLY
Wom"an*ly, a.

Defn: Becoming a woman; feminine; as, womanly behavior. Arbuthnot.
A blushing, womanly discovering grace. Donne.

WOMANLY
Wom"an*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a woman; with the grace, tenderness, or affection of a woman. Gascoigne.

WOMAN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION
Woman's Christian Temperance Union.

Defn: An association of women formed in the United States in 1874, for the advancement of temperance by organizing preventive, educational, evangelistic, social, and legal work.

WOMB Womb, n. Etym: [OE. wombe, wambe, AS. wamb, womb; akin to D. wam belly, OS. & OHG. wamba, G. wamme, wampe, Icel. vömb, Sw. v&mb, Dan. vom, Goth. wamba.]

1. The belly; the abdomen. [Obs.] Chaucer. And he coveted to fill his woman of the cods that the hogs eat, and no man gave him. Wyclif (Luke xv. 16). An I had but a belly of any indifferency, I were simply the most active fellow in Europe. My womb, my womb, my womb undoes me. Shak.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The uterus. See Uterus.

3. The place where anything is generated or produced. The womb of earth the genial seed receives. Dryden.

4. Any cavity containing and enveloping anything. The center spike of gold Which burns deep in the bluebell's womb. R. Browning.

WOMB
Womb, v. t.

Defn: To inclose in a womb, or as in a womb; to breed or hold in secret. [Obs.] Shak.

WOMBAT
Wom"bat, n. Etym: [From the native name, womback, wombach, in
Australia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of three species of Australian burrowing marsupials of the genus Phascolomys, especially the common species (P. ursinus). They are nocturnal in their habits, and feed mostly on roots.

WOMBY
Womb"y, a.

Defn: Capacious. [Obs.] Shak.

WOMEN
Wom"en, n.,

Defn: pl. of Woman.

WON
Won,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Win.

WON
Won, v. i. Etym: [See 1st Wone.]

Defn: To dwell or abide. [Obs. or Scot.] " Where he wans in forest
wild." Milton.
This land where I have woned thus long. Spenser.

WON
Won, n.

Defn: Dwelling; wone. [Obs.] Spenser.

WONDER
Won"der, n. Etym: [OE. wonder, wunder, AS. wundor; akin to D. wonder,
OS. wundar, OHG. wuntar, G. wunder, Icel. undr, Sw. & Dan. under, and
perhaps to Gr.

1. That emotion which is excited by novelty, or the presentation to the sight or mind of something new, unusual, strange, great, extraordinary, or not well understood; surprise; astonishment; admiration; amazement. They were filled with wonder and amazement at that which had happened unto him. Acts iii. 10. Wonder is the effect of novelty upon ignorance. Johnson.

Note: Wonder expresses less than astonishment, and much less than amazement. It differs from admiration, as now used, in not being necessarily accompanied with love, esteem, or approbation.

2. A cause of wonder; that which excites surprise; a strange thing; a prodigy; a miracle. " Babylon, the wonder of all tongues." Milton. To try things oft, and never to give over, doth wonders. Bacon. I am as a wonder unto many. Ps. lxxi. 7. Seven wonders of the world. See in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.

WONDER
Won"der, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Wondered; p. pr. & vb. n. Wondering.]
Etym: [AS. wundrian.]

1. To be affected with surprise or admiration; to be struck with astonishment; to be amazed; to marvel. I could not sufficiently wonder at the intrepidity of these diminutive mortals. Swift. We cease to wonder at what we understand. Johnson.

2. To feel doubt and curiosity; to wait with uncertain expectation; to query in the mind; as, he wondered why they came. I wonder, in my soul, What you would ask me, that I should deny. Shak.

WONDER
Won"der, a.

Defn: Wonderful. [Obs.] Gower.
After that he said a wonder thing. Chaucer.

WONDER
Won"der, adv.

Defn: Wonderfully. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WONDERED
Won"dered, a.

Defn: Having performed wonders; able to perform wonderful things.
[Obs.] Shak.

WONDERER
Won"der*er, n.

Defn: One who wonders.

WONDERFUL
Won"der*ful, a.

Defn: Adapted to excite wonder or admiration; surprising; strange; astonishing.

Syn.
— Marvelous; amazing. See Marvelous.
— Won"der*ful*ly, adv.
— Won"der*ful*ness, n.

WONDERINGLY
Won"der*ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a wondering manner.

WONDERLAND
Won"der*land`, n.

Defn: A land full of wonders, or marvels. M. Arnold.

WONDERLY
Won"der*ly, adv. Etym: [AS. wundorlice.]

Defn: Wonderfully; wondrously. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WONDERMENT
Won"der*ment, n.

Defn: Surprise; astonishment; a wonderful appearance; a wonder.
Bacon.
All the common sights they view, Their wonderment engage. Sir W.
Scott.

WONDEROUS
Won"der*ous, a.

Defn: Same as Wondrous.

WONDERS
Won"ders, adv.

Defn: See Wondrous. [Obs.]
They be wonders glad thereof. Sir T. More.

WONDERSTRUCK
Won"der*struck`, a.

Defn: Struck with wonder, admiration, or surprise. Dryden.

WONDERWORK
Won"der*work`, n. Etym: [AS. wundorweorc.]

Defn: A wonderful work or act; a prodigy; a miracle. Such as in strange land He found in wonderworks of God and Nature's hand. Byron.

WONDER-WORKER
Won"der-work`er, n.

Defn: One who performs wonders, or miracles.

WONDER-WORKING
Won"der-work`ing, a.

Defn: Doing wonders or surprising things.

WONDROUS
Won"drous, adv. Etym: [OE. wonders, adv. (later also adj.). See
Wonder, n., and cf. -wards.]

Defn: In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree; wonderfully.
For sylphs, yet mindful of their ancient race, Are, as when women,
wondrous fond of place. Pope.
And now there came both mist and snow, And it grew wondrous cold.
Coleridge.

WONDROUS
Won"drous, a.

Defn: Wonderful; astonishing; admirable; marvelous; such as excite
surprise and astonishment; strange.
That I may . . . tell of all thy wondrous works. Ps. xxvi. 7.
— Won"drous*ly, adv.
— Won"drous*ness, n.
Chloe complains, and wondrously's aggrieved. Granville.

WONE
Wone, v. i. Etym: [OE. wonen, wunen, wonien, wunien, AS. wunian.
Wont, a.]

Defn: To dwell; to abide. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
Their habitation in which they woned. Chaucer.

WONE
Wone, n. Etym: [OE. See Wone, v. i., Wont, a.]

1. Dwelling; habitation; abode. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Custom; habit; wont; use; usage. [Obs.] To liven in delight was all his wone. Chaucer.

WONG
Wong, n. Etym: [AS. wang, wong.]

Defn: A field. [Obs.] Spelman. "Woods and wonges." Havelok the Dane.

WONGER
Wong"er, n.

Defn: See Wanger. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WONING
Won"ing, n.

Defn: Dwelling. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WON'T
Won't.

Defn: A colloquial contraction of woll not. Will not. See Will.

Note: Often pronounced wûnt in New England.

WONT Wont, a. Etym: [For woned, p. p. of won, wone, to dwell, AS. wunian; akin to D. wonen, OS. wun, OHG, won, G. wohnen, and AS. wund, gewuna, custom, habit; orig. probably, to take pleasure; cf. Icel. una to dwell, to enjoy, Goth. wunan to rejoice (in unwunands sad); and akin to Skr. van to like, to wish. Wean, Win.]

Defn: Using or doing customarily; accustomed; habituated; used. "As he was wont to go." Chaucer. If the ox were wont to push with his horn. Ex. xxi. 29.

WONT
Wont, n.

Defn: Custom; habit; use; usage.
They are . . . to be called out to their military motions, under sky
or covert, according to the season, as was the Roman wont. Milton.
From childly wont and ancient use. Cowper.

WONT
Wont, v. i. [imp. Wont, p. p. Wont, or Wonted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Wonting.]

Defn: To be accustomed or habituated; to be used.
A yearly solemn feast she wont to make. Spenser.

WONT
Wont, v. t.

Defn: To accustom; — used reflexively.

WONTED
Wont"ed, a.

Defn: Accustomed; customary; usual.
Again his wonted weapon proved. Spenser.
Like an old piece of furniture left alone in its wonted corner. Sir
W. Scott.
She was wonted to the place, and would not remove. L'Estrange.

WONTEDNESS
Wont"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being accustomed. [R.] Eikon Basilike.

WONTLESS
Wont"less, a.

Defn: Unaccustomed. [Obs.] Spenser.

WOO Woo, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wooed; p. pr. & vb. n. Wooing.] Etym: [OE. wowen, wo, AS. w, fr. w bent, crooked, bad; akin to OS. wah evil, Goth. unwahs blameless, Skr. va to waver, and perhaps to E. vaccilate.]

1. To solicit in love; to court. Each, like the Grecian artist, wooes The image he himself has wrought. Prior.

2. To court solicitously; to invite with importunity.
Thee, chantress, oft the woods among I woo, to hear thy even song.
Milton.
I woo the wind That still delays his coming. Bryant.

WOO
Woo, v. i.

Defn: To court; to make love. Dryden.

WOOD
Wood, a. Etym: [OE. wod, AS. w; akin to OHG. wuot, Icel. , Goth. w,
D. woede madness, G. wuth, wut, also to AS. w song, Icel. , L. vates
a seer, a poet. Cf. Wednesday.]

Defn: Mad; insane; possessed; rabid; furious; frantic. [Obs.]
[Written also wode.]
Our hoste gan to swear as [if] he were wood. Chaucer.

WOOD
Wood, v. i.

Defn: To grow mad; to act like a madman; to mad. Chaucer.

WOOD
Wood, n. Etym: [OE. wode, wude, AS. wudu, wiodu; akin to OHG. witu,
Icel. vi, Dan. & Sw. ved wood, and probably to Ir. & Gael. fiodh, W.
gwydd trees, shrubs.]

1. A large and thick collection of trees; a forest or grove; — frequently used in the plural. Light thickens, and the crow Makes wing to the rooky wood. Shak.

2. The substance of trees and the like; the hard fibrous substance which composes the body of a tree and its branches, and which is covered by the bark; timber. "To worship their own work in wood and stone for gods." Milton.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: The fibrous material which makes up the greater part of the stems and branches of trees and shrubby plants, and is found to a less extent in herbaceous stems. It consists of elongated tubular or needle-shaped cells of various kinds, usually interwoven with the shinning bands called silver grain.

Note: Wood consists chiefly of the carbohydrates cellulose and lignin, which are isomeric with starch.

4. Trees cut or sawed for the fire or other uses. Wood acid, Wood vinegar (Chem.), a complex acid liquid obtained in the dry distillation of wood, and containing large quantities of acetic acid; hence, specifically, acetic acid. Formerly called pyroligneous acid. — Wood anemone (Bot.), a delicate flower (Anemone nemorosa) of early spring; — also called windflower. See Illust. of Anemone. — Wood ant (Zoöl.), a large ant (Formica rufa) which lives in woods and forests, and constructs large nests. — Wood apple (Bot.). See Elephant apple, under Elephant. — Wood baboon (Zoöl.), the drill. — Wood betony. (Bot.) (a) Same as Betony. (b) The common American lousewort (Pedicularis Canadensis), a low perennial herb with yellowish or purplish flowers. — Wood borer. (Zoöl.) (a) The larva of any one of numerous species of boring beetles, esp. elaters, longicorn beetles, buprestidans, and certain weevils. See Apple borer, under Apple, and Pine weevil, under Pine. (b) The larva of any one of various species of lepidopterous insects, especially of the clearwing moths, as the peach-tree borer (see under Peach), and of the goat moths. (c) The larva of various species of hymenopterous of the tribe Urocerata. See Tremex. (d) Any one of several bivalve shells which bore in wood, as the teredos, and species of Xylophaga. (e) Any one of several species of small Crustacea, as the Limnoria, and the boring amphipod (Chelura terebrans). — Wood carpet, a kind of floor covering made of thin pieces of wood secured to a flexible backing, as of cloth. Knight. — Wood cell (Bot.), a slender cylindrical or prismatic cell usually tapering to a point at both ends. It is the principal constituent of woody fiber. — Wood choir, the choir, or chorus, of birds in the woods. [Poetic] Coleridge. — Wood coal, charcoal; also, lignite, or brown coal. — Wood cricket (Zoöl.), a small European cricket (Nemobius sylvestris). — Wood culver (Zoöl.), the wood pigeon. — Wood cut, an engraving on wood; also, a print from such an engraving. — Wood dove (Zoöl.), the stockdove. — Wood drink, a decoction or infusion of medicinal woods. — Wood duck (Zoöl.) (a) A very beautiful American duck (Aix sponsa). The male has a large crest, and its plumage is varied with green, purple, black, white, and red. It builds its nest in trees, whence the name. Called also bridal duck, summer duck, and wood widgeon. (b) The hooded merganser. (c) The Australian maned goose (Chlamydochen jubata). — Wood echo, an echo from the wood. — Wood engraver. (a) An engraver on wood. (b) (Zoöl.) Any of several species of small beetles whose larvæ bore beneath the bark of trees, and excavate furrows in the wood often more or less resembling coarse engravings; especially, Xyleborus xylographus. — Wood engraving. (a) The act or art engraving on wood; xylography. (b) An engraving on wood; a wood cut; also, a print from such an engraving. — Wood fern. (Bot.) See Shield fern, under Shield. — Wood fiber. (a) (Bot.) Fibrovascular tissue. (b) Wood comminuted, and reduced to a powdery or dusty mass. — Wood fretter (Zoöl.), any one of numerous species of beetles whose larvæ bore in the wood, or beneath the bark, of trees. — Wood frog (Zoöl.), a common North American frog (Rana sylvatica) which lives chiefly in the woods, except during the breeding season. It is drab or yellowish brown, with a black stripe on each side of the head. — Wood germander. (Bot.) See under Germander. — Wood god, a fabled sylvan deity. — Wood grass. (Bot.) See under Grass. — Wood grouse. (Zoöl.) (a) The capercailzie. (b) The spruce partridge. See under Spruce. — Wood guest (Zoöl.), the ringdove. [Prov. Eng.] — Wood hen. (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of several species of Old World short-winged rails of the genus Ocydromus, including the weka and allied species. (b) The American woodcock. — Wood hoopoe (Zoöl.), any one of several species of Old World arboreal birds belonging to Irrisor and allied genera. They are closely allied to the common hoopoe, but have a curved beak, and a longer tail. — Wood ibis (Zoöl.), any one of several species of large, long- legged, wading birds belonging to the genus Tantalus. The head and neck are naked or scantily covered with feathers. The American wood ibis (Tantalus loculator) is common in Florida. — Wood lark (Zoöl.), a small European lark (Alauda arborea), which, like, the skylark, utters its notes while on the wing. So called from its habit of perching on trees. — Wood laurel (Bot.), a European evergreen shrub (Daphne Laureola). — Wood leopard (Zoöl.), a European spotted moth (Zeuzera æsculi) allied to the goat moth. Its large fleshy larva bores in the wood of the apple, pear, and other fruit trees. — Wood lily (Bot.), the lily of the valley. — Wood lock (Naut.), a piece of wood close fitted and sheathed with copper, in the throating or score of the pintle, to keep the rudder from rising. — Wood louse (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of numerous species of terrestrial isopod Crustacea belonging to Oniscus, Armadillo, and related genera. See Sow bug, under Sow, and Pill bug, under Pill. (b) Any one of several species of small, wingless, pseudoneuropterous insects of the family Psocidæ, which live in the crevices of walls and among old books and papers. Some of the species are called also book lice, and deathticks, or deathwatches. — Wood mite (Zoöl.), any one of numerous small mites of the family Oribatidæ. They are found chiefly in woods, on tree trunks and stones. — Wood mote. (Eng. Law) (a) Formerly, the forest court. (b) The court of attachment. — Wood nettle. (Bot.) See under Nettle. — Wood nightshade (Bot.), woody nightshade. — Wood nut (Bot.), the filbert. — Wood nymph. (a) A nymph inhabiting the woods; a fabled goddess of the woods; a dryad. "The wood nymphs, decked with daisies trim." Milton. (b) (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of handsomely colored moths belonging to the genus Eudryas. The larvæ are bright-colored, and some of the species, as Eudryas grata, and E. unio, feed on the leaves of the grapevine. (c) (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of handsomely colored South American humming birds belonging to the genus Thalurania. The males are bright blue, or green and blue. — Wood offering, wood burnt on the altar. We cast the lots . . . for the wood offering. Neh. x. 34. — Wood oil (Bot.), a resinous oil obtained from several East Indian trees of the genus Dipterocarpus, having properties similar to those of copaiba, and sometimes substituted for it. It is also used for mixing paint. See Gurjun. — Wood opal (Min.), a striped variety of coarse opal, having some resemblance to wood. — Wood paper, paper made of wood pulp. See Wood pulp, below. — Wood pewee (Zoöl.), a North American tyrant flycatcher (Contopus virens). It closely resembles the pewee, but is smaller. — Wood pie (Zoöl.), any black and white woodpecker, especially the European great spotted woodpecker. — Wood pigeon. (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of numerous species of Old World pigeons belonging to Palumbus and allied genera of the family Columbidæ. (b) The ringdove. — Wood puceron (Zoöl.), a plant louse. — Wood pulp (Technol.), vegetable fiber obtained from the poplar and other white woods, and so softened by digestion with a hot solution of alkali that it can be formed into sheet paper, etc. It is now produced on an immense scale. — Wood quail (Zoöl.), any one of several species of East Indian crested quails belonging to Rollulus and allied genera, as the red- crested wood quail (R. roulroul), the male of which is bright green, with a long crest of red hairlike feathers. — Wood rabbit (Zoöl.), the cottontail. — Wood rat (Zoöl.), any one of several species of American wild rats of the genus Neotoma found in the Southern United States; — called also bush rat. The Florida wood rat (Neotoma Floridana) is the best-known species. — Wood reed grass (Bot.), a tall grass (Cinna arundinacea) growing in moist woods. — Wood reeve, the steward or overseer of a wood. [Eng.] — Wood rush (Bot.), any plant of the genus Luzula, differing from the true rushes of the genus Juncus chiefly in having very few seeds in each capsule. — Wood sage (Bot.), a name given to several labiate plants of the genus Teucrium. See Germander. — Wood screw, a metal screw formed with a sharp thread, and usually with a slotted head, for insertion in wood. — Wood sheldrake (Zoöl.), the hooded merganser. — Wood shock (Zoöl.), the fisher. See Fisher, 2. — Wood shrike (Zoöl.), any one of numerous species of Old World singing birds belonging to Grallina, Collyricincla, Prionops, and allied genera, common in India and Australia. They are allied to the true shrikes, but feed upon both insects and berries. — Wood snipe. (Zoöl.) (a) The American woodcock. (b) An Asiatic snipe (Gallinago nemoricola). — Wood soot, soot from burnt wood. — Wood sore. (Zoöl.) See Cuckoo spit, under Cuckoo. — Wood sorrel (Bot.), a plant of the genus Oxalis (Oxalis Acetosella), having an acid taste. See Illust. (a) of Shamrock. — Wood spirit. (Chem.) See Methyl alcohol, under Methyl. — Wood stamp, a carved or engraved block or stamp of wood, for impressing figures or colors on fabrics. — Wood star (Zoöl.), any one of several species of small South American humming birds belonging to the genus Calothorax. The male has a brilliant gorget of blue, purple, and other colors. — Wood sucker (Zoöl.), the yaffle. — Wood swallow (Zoöl.), any one of numerous species of Old World passerine birds belonging to the genus Artamus and allied genera of the family Artamidæ. They are common in the East Indies, Asia, and Australia. In form and habits they resemble swallows, but in structure they resemble shrikes. They are usually black above and white beneath. — Wood tapper (Zoöl.), any woodpecker. — Wood tar. See under Tar. — Wood thrush, (Zoöl.) (a) An American thrush (Turdus mustelinus) noted for the sweetness of its song. See under Thrush. (b) The missel thrush. — Wood tick. See in Vocabulary. — Wood tin. (Min.). See Cassiterite. — Wood titmouse (Zoöl.), the goldcgest. — Wood tortoise (Zoöl.), the sculptured tortoise. See under Sculptured. — Wood vine (Bot.), the white bryony. — Wood vinegar. See Wood acid, above. — Wood warbler. (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of numerous species of American warblers of the genus Dendroica. See Warbler. (b) A European warbler (Phylloscopus sibilatrix); — called also green wren, wood wren, and yellow wren. — Wood worm (Zoöl.), a larva that bores in wood; a wood borer. — Wood wren. (Zoöl.) (a) The wood warbler. (b) The willow warbler.

WOOD
Wood, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wooded; p. pr. & vb. n. Wooding.]

Defn: To supply with wood, or get supplies of wood for; as, to wood a steamboat or a locomotive.

WOOD
Wood, v. i.

Defn: To take or get a supply of wood.

WOODBIND
Wood"bind`, n.

Defn: Woodbine. Dryden.
A garland . . . of woodbind or hawthorn leaves. Chaucer.

WOODBINE Wood"bine`, n. Etym: [AS. wudubind black ivy; — so named as binding about trees. See Wood, and Bind, v. t.] (Bot.) (a) A climbing plant having flowers of great fragrance (Lonicera Periclymenum); the honeysuckle. (b) The Virginia creeper. See Virginia creeper, under Virginia. [Local, U. S.] Beatrice, who even now Is couched in the woodbine coverture. Shak.

WOOD-BOUND
Wood"-bound`, a.

Defn: Incumbered with tall, woody hedgerows.

WOODBURY-TYPE
Wood"bur*y-type`, n. Etym: [After the name of the inventor, W.
Woodbury.]

1. A process in photographic printing, in which a relief pattern in gelatin, which has been hardened after certain operations, is pressed upon a plate of lead or other soft metal. An intaglio impression in thus produced, from which pictures may be directly printed, but by a slower process than in common printing.

2. A print from such a plate.

WOODCHAT Wood"chat`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of several species of Asiatic singing birds belonging to the genera Ianthia and Larvivora. They are closely allied to the European robin. The males are usually bright blue above, and more or less red or rufous beneath. (b) A European shrike (Enneoctonus rufus). In the male the head and nape are rufous red; the back, wings, and tail are black, varied with white.

WOODCHUCK
Wood"chuck`, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A common large North American marmot (Arctomys monax). It is usually reddish brown, more or less grizzled with gray. It makes extensive burrows, and is often injurious to growing crops. Called also ground hog.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The yaffle, or green woodpecker. [Prov. Eng.]

WOODCOCK
Wood"cock`, n. Etym: [AS. wuducoc.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of long-billed limicoline birds belonging to the genera Scolopax and Philohela. They are mostly nocturnal in their habits, and are highly esteemed as game birds.

Note: The most important species are the European (Scolopax rusticola) and the American woodcock (Philohela minor), which agree very closely in appearance and habits.

2. Fig.: A simpleton. [Obs.] If I loved you not, I would laugh at you, and see you Run your neck into the noose, and cry, "A woodcock!" Beau. & Fl. Little woodcock. (a) The common American snipe. (b) The European snipe. — Sea woodcock fish, the bellows fish. — Woodcock owl, the short-eared owl (Asio brachyotus). — Woodcock shell, the shell of certain mollusks of the genus Murex, having a very long canal, with or without spines. — Woodcock snipe. See under Snipe.

WOODCRACKER
Wood"crack`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The nuthatch. [Prov. Eng.]

WOODCRAFT
Wood"craft`, n.

Defn: Skill and practice in anything pertaining to the woods, especially in shooting, and other sports in the woods. Men of the glade and forest! leave Your woodcraft for the field of fight. Bryant.

WOODCUT
Wood"cut`, n.

Defn: An engraving on wood; also, a print from it. Same as Wood cut, under Wood.

WOODCUTTER
Wood"cut`ter, n.

1. A person who cuts wood.

2. An engraver on wood. [R.]

WOODCUTTING
Wood"cut`ting, n.

1. The act or employment of cutting wood or timber.

2. The act or art of engraving on wood. [R.]

WOODED
Wood"ed, a.

Defn: Supplied or covered with wood, or trees; as, land wooded and
watered.
The brook escaped from the eye down a deep and wooded dell. Sir W.
Scott.

WOODEN
Wood"en, a.

1. Made or consisting of wood; pertaining to, or resembling, wood; as, a wooden box; a wooden leg; a wooden wedding.

2. Clumsy; awkward; ungainly; stiff; spiritless. When a bold man is out of countenance, he makes a very wooden figure on it. Collier. His singing was, I confess, a little wooden. G. MacDonald. Wooden spoon. (a) (Cambridge University, Eng.) The last junior optime who takes a university degree, — denoting one who is only fit to stay at home and stir porridge. "We submit that a wooden spoon of our day would not be justified in calling Galileo and Napier blockheads because they never heard of the differential calculus." Macaulay. (b) In some American colleges, the lowest appointee of the junior year; sometimes, one especially popular in his class, without reference to scholarship. Formerly, it was a custom for classmates to present to this person a wooden spoon with formal ceremonies. — Wooden ware, a general name for buckets, bowls, and other articles of domestic use, made of wood. — Wooden wedding. See under Wedding.

WOODENLY
Wood"en*ly, adv.

Defn: Clumsily; stupidly; blockishly. R. North.

WOODENNESS
Wood"en*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being wooden; clumsiness; stupidity; blockishness.
We set our faces against the woodenness which then characterized
German philology. Sweet.

WOOD GUM
Wood gum. (Chem.)

Defn: Xylan.

WOODHACK; WOODHACKER
Wood"hack`, Wood"hack`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The yaffle. [Prov. Eng.]

WOODHEWER
Wood"hew`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A woodpecker.

WOODHOLE
Wood"hole`, n.

Defn: A place where wood is stored.

WOODHOUSE
Wood"house`, n.

Defn: A house or shed in which wood is stored, and sheltered from the weather.

WOOD HYACINTH
Wood hyacinth.

Defn: A European squill (Scilla nonscripta) having a scape bearing a raceme of drooping blue, purple, white, or sometimes pink, bell- shaped flowers.

WOODINESS
Wood"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being woody. Evelyn.

WOODKNACKER
Wood"knack`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The yaffle.

WOODLAND
Wood"land, n.

Defn: Land covered with wood or trees; forest; land on which trees are suffered to grow, either for fuel or timber. Here hills and vales, the woodland and the plain, Here earth and water seem to strive again. Pope. Woodlands and cultivated fields are harmoniously blended. Bancroft.

WOODLAND
Wood"land, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to woods or woodland; living in the forest;
sylvan.
She had a rustic, woodland air. Wordsworth.
Like summer breeze by woodland stream. Keble.
Woodland caribou. (Zoöl.) See under Caribou.

WOODLANDER
Wood"land*er, n.

Defn: A dweller in a woodland.

WOOD-LAYER
Wood"-lay`er, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A young oak, or other timber plant, laid down in a hedge among the whitethorn or other plants used in hedges.

WOODLESS
Wood"less, a.

Defn: Having no wood; destitute of wood. Mitford.
— Wood"less*ness, n.

WOODLY
Wood"ly, adv.

Defn: In a wood, mad, or raving manner; madly; furiously. [Obs.]
Chaucer.

WOODMAN
Wood"man, n.; pl. Woodmen (. [Written also woodsman.]

1. A forest officer appointed to take care of the king's woods; a forester. [Eng.]

2. A sportsman; a hunter. [The duke] is a better woodman than thou takest him for. Shak.

3. One who cuts down trees; a woodcutter. Woodman, spare that tree. G. P. Morris.

4. One who dwells in the woods or forest; a bushman.

WOODMEIL
Wood"meil, n.

Defn: See Wadmol.

WOODMONGER
Wood"mon`ger, n.

Defn: A wood seller. [Obs.]

WOODNESS
Wood"ness, n. Etym: [From Wood mad.]

Defn: Anger; madness; insanity; rage. [Obs.] Spenser.
Woodness laughing in his rage. Chaucer.

WOOD-NOTE
Wood"-note`, n. Etym: [Wood, n. + note.]

Defn: A wild or natural note, as of a forest bird. [R.] Or sweetest Shakespeare, fancy's child, Warble his native wood-notes wild. Milton.

WOOD PARTRIDGE Wood partridge. (a) Any of several small partridges of Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and neighboring regions belonging to the genera Caloperdix, Rollulus, and Melanoperdix. (b) The Canada grouse. [Local, U. S.]

WOODPECK
Wood"peck`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A woodpecker. [Obs.]

WOODPECKER
Wood"peck`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of scansorial birds belonging to
Picus and many allied genera of the family Picidæ.

Note: These birds have the tail feathers pointed and rigid at the tip to aid in climbing, and a strong chisellike bill with which they are able to drill holes in the bark and wood of trees in search of insect larvæ upon which most of the species feed. A few species feed partly upon the sap of trees (see Sap sucker, under Sap), others spend a portion of their time on the ground in search of ants and other insects. The most common European species are the greater spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopus major), the lesser spotted woodpecker (D. minor), and the green woodpecker, or yaffle (see Yaffle). The best- known American species are the pileated woodpecker (see under Pileated), the ivory-billed woodpecker (Campephilus principalis), which is one of the largest known species, the red-headed woodpecker, or red-head (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), the red-bellied woodpecker (M. Carolinus) (see Chab), the superciliary woodpecker (M. superciliaris), the hairy woodpecker (Dryobates villosus), the downy woodpecker (D. pubescens), the three-toed, woodpecker (Picoides Americanus), the golden-winged woodpecker (see Flicker), and the sap suckers. See also Carpintero. Woodpecker hornbill (Zoöl.), a black and white Asiatic hornbill (Buceros pica) which resembles a woodpecker in color.

WOODROCK
Wood"rock`, n. (Min.)

Defn: A compact woodlike variety of asbestus.

WOODRUFF; WOODROOF
Wood"ruff`, Wood"roof`, n. Etym: [AS. wudurofe. See Wood, n., and cf.
Ruff a plaited collar.] (Bot.)

Defn: A little European herb (Asperula odorata) having a pleasant taste. It is sometimes used for flavoring wine. See Illust. of Whorl.

WOOD-SARE
Wood"-sare`, n. Etym: [Wood + Prov. E. sare for sore.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of froth seen on herbs. [Obs.]

WOOD-SERE
Wood"-sere`, n.

Defn: The time when there no sap in the trees; the winter season.
[Written also wood-seer.] [Obs.] Tusser.

WOODSMAN
Woods"man, n.; pl. Woodsmen (.

Defn: A woodman; especially, one who lives in the forest.

WOOD'S METAL
Wood's" met"al.

Defn: A fusible alloy consisting of one or two parts of cadmium, two parts of tin, four of lead, with seven or eight part of bismuth. It melts at from 66º to 71º C. See Fusible metal, under Fusible.

WOODSTONE
Wood"stone`, n. (Min.)

Defn: A striped variety of hornstone, resembling wood in appearance.

WOODSY
Woods"y, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the woods or forest. [Colloq. U. S.]
It [sugar making] is woodsy, and savors of trees. J. Burroughs.

WOOD TICK
Wood" tick`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of ticks of the genus Ixodes whose young cling to bushes, but quickly fasten themselves upon the bodies of any animal with which they come in contact. When they attach themselves to the human body they often produce troublesome sores. The common species of the Northern United States is Ixodes unipunctata.

WOODWALL
Wood"wall`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The yaffle. [Written also woodwale, and woodwele.]

WOODWARD
Wood"ward`, n. (Eng. Forest Law)

Defn: An officer of the forest, whose duty it was to guard the woods.

WOODWARDIA Wood*war"di*a, n. Etym: [NL. After Thomas J. Woodward, an English botanist.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of ferns, one species of which (Woodwardia radicans) is a showy plant in California, the Azores, etc.

WOOD-WASH; WOOD-WAX; WOOD-WAXEN
Wood"-wash`, Wood"-wax`, Wood"-wax`en, n. Etym: [AS. wuduweaxe.]
(Bot.)

Defn: Same as Woadwaxen.

WOODWORK
Wood"work`, n.

Defn: Work made of wood; that part of any structure which is wrought of wood.

WOODWORM
Wood"worm`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wood worm, under Wood.

WOODY
Wood"y, a.

1. Abounding with wood or woods; as, woody land. "The woody wilderness." Bryant. Secret shades Of woody Ida's inmost grove. Milton.

2. Consisting of, or containing, wood or woody fiber; ligneous; as, the woody parts of plants.

3. Of or pertaining to woods; sylvan. [R.] "Woody nymphs, fair Hamadryades." Spenser. Woody fiber. (Bot.) (a) Fiber or tissue consisting of slender, membranous tubes tapering at each end. (b) A single wood cell. See under Wood. Goodale. — Woody nightshade. (Bot.). See Bittersweet, 3 (a). — Woody pear (Bot.), the inedible, woody, pear-shaped fruit of several Australian proteaceous trees of the genus Xylomelum; — called also wooden pear.

WOOER
Woo"er, n. Etym: [AS. wogere. See Woo, v. t.]

Defn: One who wooes; one who courts or solicits in love; a suitor. "A thriving wooer." Gibber.

WOOF
Woof, n. Etym: [OE. oof, AS. , , aweb; on, an, on + wef, web, fr.
wefan to weave. The initial w is due to the influence of E. weave.
See On, Weave, and cf. Abb.]

1. The threads that cross the warp in a woven fabric; the weft; the filling; the thread usually carried by the shuttle in weaving.

2. Texture; cloth; as, a pall of softest woof. Pope.

WOOFELL
Woo"fell, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European blackbird. "The woofell near at hand that hath a golden bill." Drayton.

WOOFY
Woof"y, a.

Defn: Having a close texture; dense; as, a woofy cloud. J. Baillie.

WOOHOO
Woo`hoo", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The sailfish.

WOOINGLY
Woo"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a wooing manner; enticingly; with persuasiveness. Shak.

WOOK
Wook", obs. imp. of Wake.

Defn: Woke. Chaucer.

WOOL
Wool, n. Etym: [OE. wolle, wulle, AS. wull; akin to D. wol, OHG.
wolla, G. wolle, Icel. & Sw. ull, Dan. uld, Goth, wulla, Lith. vilna,
Russ. volna, L. vellus, Skr. wool, Flannel, Velvet.]

1. The soft and curled, or crisped, species of hair which grows on sheep and some other animals, and which in fineness sometimes approaches to fur; — chiefly applied to the fleecy coat of the sheep, which constitutes a most essential material of clothing in all cold and temperate climates.

Note: Wool consists essentially of keratin.

2. Short, thick hair, especially when crisped or curled. Wool of bat and tongue of dog. Shak.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: A sort of pubescence, or a clothing of dense, curling hairs on
the surface of certain plants. Dead pulled wool, wool pulled from a
carcass.
— Mineral wool. See under Mineral.
— Philosopher's wool. (Chem.) See Zinc oxide, under Zinc.
— Pulled wool, wool pulled from a pelt, or undressed hide.
— Slag wool. Same as Mineral wool, under Mineral.
— Wool ball, a ball or mass of wool.
— Wool burler, one who removes little burs, knots, or extraneous
matter, from wool, or the surface of woolen cloth.
— Wool comber. (a) One whose occupation is to comb wool. (b) A
machine for combing wool.
— Wool grass (Bot.), a kind of bulrush (Scirpus Eriophorum) with
numerous clustered woolly spikes.
— Wool scribbler. See Woolen scribbler, under Woolen, a.
— Wool sorter's disease (Med.), a disease, resembling malignant
pustule, occurring among those who handle the wool of goats and
sheep.
— Wool staple, a city or town where wool used to be brought to the
king's staple for sale. [Eng.] — Wool stapler. (a) One who deals in
wool. (b) One who sorts wool according to its staple, or its
adaptation to different manufacturing purposes.
— Wool winder, a person employed to wind, or make up, wool into
bundles to be packed for sale.

WOOLD
Woold, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Woolded; p. pr. & vb. n. Woolding.] Etym:
[D. woelen, bewoelen; akin to G. wuhlen, bewuhlen. *146.] (Naut.)

Defn: To wind, or wrap; especially, to wind a rope round, as a mast or yard made of two or more pieces, at the place where it has been fished or scarfed, in order to strengthen it.

WOOLDER
Woold"er, n.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: A stick used to tighten the rope in woolding.

2. (Rope Making)

Defn: One of the handles of the top, formed by a wooden pin passing through it. See 1st Top, 2.

WOOLDING Woold"ing, n. (Naut.) (a) The act of winding or wrapping anything with a rope, as a mast. (b) A rope used for binding masts and spars.

WOOL-DYED
Wool"-dyed`, a.

Defn: Dyed before being made into cloth, in distinction from piece- dyed; ingrain.

WOOLED
Wooled, a.

Defn: Having (such) wool; as, a fine-wooled sheep.

WOOLEN Wool"en, a. Etym: [OE. wollen; cf. AS. wyllen. See Wool.] [Written also woollen.]

1. Made of wool; consisting of wool; as, woolen goods.

2. Of or pertaining to wool or woolen cloths; as, woolen manufactures; a woolen mill; a woolen draper. Woolen scribbler, a machine for combing or preparing wool in thin, downy, translucent layers.

WOOLEN
Wool"en, n. Etym: [Written also woollen.]

Defn: Cloth made of wool; woollen goods.

WOOLENET
Wool`en*et", n.

Defn: A thin, light fabric of wool. [Written also woollenet, woolenette, and woollenette.]

WOOLERT
Woo"lert, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The barn owl. [Prov. Eng.] [Written also oolert, and owlerd.]

WOOLFELL
Wool"fell`, n. Etym: [Wool + fell a skin.]

Defn: A skin with the wool; a skin from which the wool has not been sheared or pulled. [Written also woolfel.]

WOOLGATHERING
Wool"gath`er*ing, a.

Defn: Indulging in a vagrant or idle exercise of the imagination; roaming upon a fruitless quest; idly fanciful.

WOOLGATHERING
Wool"gath`er*ing, n.

Defn: Indulgence in idle imagination; a foolish or useless pursuit or
design.
His wits were a woolgathering, as they say. Burton.

WOOLGROWER
Wool"grow`er, n.

Defn: One who raises sheep for the production of wool.
— Wool"grow`ing, n.

WOOL-HALL
Wool"-hall`, n.

Defn: A trade market in the woolen districts. [Eng.]

WOOLHEAD
Wool"head`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The buffel duck.

WOOLLINESS
Wool"li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being woolly.

WOOLLY
Wool"ly, a.

1. Consisting of wool; as, a woolly covering; a woolly fleece.

2. Resembling wool; of the nature of wool. "My fleece of woolly hair." Shak.

3. Clothed with wool. "Woolly breeders." Shak.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: Clothed with a fine, curly pubescence resembling wool. Woolly bear (Zoöl.), the hairy larva of several species of bombycid moths. The most common species in the United States are the salt-marsh caterpillar (see under Salt), the black and red woolly bear, or larva of the Isabella moth (see Illust., under Isabella Moth), and the yellow woolly bear, or larva of the American ermine moth (Spilosoma Virginica). — Woolly butt (Bot.), an Australian tree (Eucalyptus longifolia), so named because of its fibrous bark. — Woolly louse (Zoöl.), a plant louse (Schizoneura, or Erisoma, lanigera) which is often very injurious to the apple tree. It is covered with a dense coat of white filaments somewhat resembling fine wool or cotton. In exists in two forms, one of which infests the roots, the other the branches. See Illust. under Blight. — Woolly macaco (Zoöl.), the mongoose lemur. — Woolly maki (Zoöl.), a long-tailed lemur (Indris laniger) native of Madagascar, having fur somewhat like wool; — called also avahi, and woolly lemur. — Woolly monkey (Zoöl.), any South American monkey of the genus Lagothrix, as the caparro. — Woolly rhinoceros (Paleon.), an extinct rhinoceros (Rhinoceros tichorhinus) which inhabited the arctic regions, and was covered with a dense coat of woolly hair. It has been found frozen in the ice of Siberia, with the flesh and hair well preserved.

WOOLLY-HEAD
Wool"ly-head`, n.

Defn: A negro. [Low]

WOOLMAN
Wool"man, n.; pl. Woolmen (.

Defn: One who deals in wool.

WOOLPACK
Wool"pack`, n.

Defn: A pack or bag of wool weighing two hundred and forty pounds.

WOOLSACK
Wool"sack`, n.

Defn: A sack or bag of wool; specifically, the seat of the lord chancellor of England in the House of Lords, being a large, square sack of wool resembling a divan in form.

WOOLSEY
Wool"sey, n. Etym: [From Wool.]

Defn: Linsey-woolsey.

WOOLSTOCK
Wool"stock`, n.

Defn: A heavy wooden hammer for milling cloth.

WOOLWARD
Wool"ward, adv. Etym: [Wool + -ward.]

Defn: In wool; with woolen raiment next the skin. [Obs.]

WOOLWARD-GOING
Wool"ward-go`ing, n.

Defn: A wearing of woolen clothes next the skin as a matter of
penance. [Obs.]
Their . . . woolward-going, and rising at midnight. Tyndale.

WOON
Woon, n.

Defn: Dwelling. See Wone. [Obs.]

WOORALI
Woo"ra*li, n.

Defn: Same as Curare.

WOOSY
Woos"y, a.

Defn: Oozy; wet. [Obs.] Drayton.

WOOTZ Wootz (woots), n. Etym: [Perhaps a corruption of Canarese ukku steel.]

Defn: A species of steel imported from the East Indies, valued for making edge tools; Indian steel. It has in combination a minute portion of alumina and silica.

WOOYEN
Woo"yen, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Yuen.

WOPEN
Wo"pen, obs. p. p. of Weep.

Defn: Wept. Chaucer.

WORBLE
Wor"ble, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wormil.

WORD Word, n. Etym: [AS. word; akin to OFries. & OS. word, D. woord, G. wort, Icel. oredh, Sw. & Dan. ord, Goth. waúrd, OPruss. wirds, Lith. vardas a name, L. verbum a word; or perhaps to Gr. "rh`twr an orator. Cf. Verb.]

1. The spoken sign of a conception or an idea; an articulate or vocal sound, or a combination of articulate and vocal sounds, uttered by the human voice, and by custom expressing an idea or ideas; a single component part of human speech or language; a constituent part of a sentence; a term; a vocable. "A glutton of words." Piers Plowman. You cram these words into mine ears, against The stomach of my sense. Shak. Amongst men who confound their ideas with words, there must be endless disputes. Locke.

2. Hence, the written or printed character, or combination of characters, expressing such a term; as, the words on a page.

3. pl.

Defn: Talk; discourse; speech; language.
Why should calamity be full of words Shak.
Be thy words severe; Sharp as he merits, but the sword forbear.
Dryden.

4. Account; tidings; message; communication; information; — used only in the singular. I pray you . . . bring me word thither How the world goes. Shak.

5. Signal; order; command; direction. Give the word through. Shak.

6. Language considered as implying the faith or authority of the person who utters it; statement; affirmation; declaration; promise. Obey thy parents; keep thy word justly. Shak. I know you brave, and take you at your word. Dryden. I desire not the reader should take my word. Dryden.

7. pl.

Defn: Verbal contention; dispute.
Some words there grew 'twixt Somerset and me. Shak.

8. A brief remark or observation; an expression; a phrase, clause, or short sentence. All the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this; Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. Gal. v. 14. She said; but at the happy word "he lives," My father stooped, re- fathered, o'er my wound. Tennyson. There is only one other point on which I offer a word of remark. Dickens. By word of mouth, orally; by actual speaking. Boyle. — Compound word. See under Compound, a. — Good word, commendation; favorable account. "And gave the harmless fellow a good word." Pope. — In a word, briefly; to sum up. — In word, in declaration; in profession. "Let us not love in word, . . . but in deed and in truth." 1 John iii. 8. — Nuns of the Word Incarnate (R. C. Ch.), an order of nuns founded in France in 1625, and approved in 1638. The order, which also exists in the United States, was instituted for the purpose of doing honor to the "Mystery of the Incarnation of the Son of God." — The word, or The Word. (Theol.) (a) The gospel message; esp., the Scriptures, as a revelation of God. "Bold to speak the word without fear." Phil. i. 14. (b) The second person in the Trinity before his manifestation in time by the incarnation; among those who reject a Trinity of persons, some one or all of the divine attributes personified. John i. 1. — To eat one's words, to retract what has been said. — To have the words for, to speak for; to act as spokesman. [Obs.] "Our host hadde the wordes for us all." Chaucer. — Word blindness (Physiol.), inability to understand printed or written words or symbols, although the person affected may be able to see quite well, speak fluently, and write correctly. Landois & Stirling. — Word deafness (Physiol.), inability to understand spoken words, though the person affected may hear them and other sounds, and hence is not deaf. — Word dumbness (Physiol.), inability to express ideas in verbal language, though the power of speech is unimpaired. — Word for word, in the exact words; verbatim; literally; exactly; as, to repeat anything word for word. — Word painting, the act of describing an object fully and vividly by words only, so as to present it clearly to the mind, as if in a picture. — Word picture, an accurate and vivid description, which presents an object clearly to the mind, as if in a picture. — Word square, a series of words so arranged that they can be read vertically and horizontally with like results.

Syn.
— See Term.

WORD
Word, v. i.

Defn: To use words, as in discussion; to argue; to dispute. [R.]

WORD
Word, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Worded; p. pr. & vb. n. Wording.]

1. To express in words; to phrase. The apology for the king is the same, but worded with greater deference to that great prince. Addison.

2. To ply with words; also, to cause to be by the use of a word or words. [Obs.] Howell.

3. To flatter with words; to cajole. [Obs.] Shak. To word it, to bandy words; to dispute. [Obs.] "To word it with a shrew." L'Estrange.

WORDBOOK
Word"book`, n. Etym: [Cf. D. woordenboek, G. wörterbuch.]

Defn: A collection of words; a vocabulary; a dictionary; a lexicon.

WORD-CATCHER
Word"-catch`er, n.

Defn: One who cavils at words.

WORDER
Word"er, n.

Defn: A speaker. [Obs.] Withlock.

WORDILY
Word"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a wordy manner.

WORDINESS
Word"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being wordy, or abounding with words; verboseness. Jeffrey.

WORDING
Word"ing, n.

Defn: The act or manner of expressing in words; style of expression;
phrasing.
It is believed this wording was above his known style. Milton.

WORDISH
Word"ish, a.

Defn: Respecting words; full of words; wordy. [R.] Sir P. Sidney.
— Word"ish*ness, n.
The truth they hide by their dark woordishness. Sir K. Digby.

WORDLE
Wor"dle, n.

Defn: One of several pivoted pieces forming the throat of an adjustable die used in drawing wire, lead pipe, etc. Knight.

WORDLESS
Word"less, a.

Defn: Not using words; not speaking; silent; speechless. Shak.

WORD METHOD
Word method. (Education)

Defn: A method of teaching reading in which words are first taken as single ideograms and later analyzed into their phonetic and alphabetic elements; — contrasted with the alphabet and sentence methods.

WORDPLAY
Word"play`, n.

Defn: A more or less subtle playing upon the meaning of words.

WORDSMAN
Words"man, n.

Defn: One who deals in words, or in mere words; a verbalist. [R.]
"Some speculative wordsman." H. Bushnell.

WORDY
Word"y, a. [Compar. Wordier; superl. Wordiest.]

1. Of or pertaining to words; consisting of words; verbal; as, a wordy war. Cowper.

2. Using many words; verbose; as, a wordy speaker.

3. Containing many words; full of words. We need not lavish hours in wordy periods. Philips.

WORE
Wore,

Defn: imp. of Wear.

WORE
Wore,

Defn: imp. of Ware.

WORK
Work, n. Etym: [OE. work, werk, weork, AS. weorc, worc; akin to
OFries. werk, wirk, OS., D., & G. werk, OHG. werc, werah, Icel. & Sw.
verk, Dan. værk, Goth. gawaúrki, Gr. verez to work. Bulwark, Energy,
Erg, Georgic, Liturgy, Metallurgy, Organ, Surgeon, Wright.]

1. Exertion of strength or faculties; physical or intellectual effort directed to an end; industrial activity; toil; employment; sometimes, specifically, physically labor. Man hath his daily work of body or mind Appointed. Milton.

2. The matter on which one is at work; that upon which one spends labor; material for working upon; subject of exertion; the thing occupying one; business; duty; as, to take up one's work; to drop one's work. Come on, Nerissa; I have work in hand That you yet know not of. Shak. In every work that he began . . . he did it with all his heart, and prospered. 2 Chron. xxxi. 21.

3. That which is produced as the result of labor; anything accomplished by exertion or toil; product; performance; fabric; manufacture; in a more general sense, act, deed, service, effect, result, achievement, feat. To leave no rubs or blotches in the work. Shak. The work some praise, And some the architect. Milton. Fancy . . . Wild work produces oft, and most in dreams. Milton. The composition or dissolution of mixed bodies . . . is the chief work of elements. Sir K. Digby.

4. Specifically: (a) That which is produced by mental labor; a composition; a book; as, a work, or the works, of Addison. (b) Flowers, figures, or the like, wrought with the needle; embroidery. I am glad I have found this napkin; . . . I'll have the work ta'en out, And give 't Iago. Shak. (c) pl.

Defn: Structures in civil, military, or naval engineering, as docks, bridges, embankments, trenches, fortifications, and the like; also, the structures and grounds of a manufacturing establishment; as, iron works; locomotive works; gas works. (d) pl.

Defn: The moving parts of a mechanism; as, the works of a watch.

5. Manner of working; management; treatment; as, unskillful work spoiled the effect. Bp. Stillingfleet.

6. (Mech.)

Defn: The causing of motion against a resisting force. The amount of work is proportioned to, and is measured by, the product of the force into the amount of motion along the direction of the force. See Conservation of energy, under Conservation, Unit of work, under Unit, also Foot pound, Horse power, Poundal, and Erg. Energy is the capacity of doing work . . . Work is the transference of energy from one system to another. Clerk Maxwell.

7. (Mining)

Defn: Ore before it is dressed. Raymond.

8. pl. (Script.)

Defn: Performance of moral duties; righteous conduct.
He shall reward every man according to his works. Matt. xvi. 27.
Faith, if it hath not works, is dead. James ii. 17.
Muscular work (Physiol.), the work done by a muscle through the power
of contraction.
— To go to work, to begin laboring; to commence operations; to
contrive; to manage. "I 'll go another way to work with him." Shak.
— To set on work, to cause to begin laboring; to set to work.
[Obs.] Hooker.
— To set to work, to employ; to cause to engage in any business or
labor.

WORK Work, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Worked, or Wrought (; p. pr. & vb. n. Working.] Etym: [AS. wyrcean (imp. worthe, wrohte, p. p. geworht, gewroht); akin to OFries. werka, wirka, OS. wirkian, D. werken, G. wirken, Icel. verka, yrkja, orka, Goth. waúrkjan. *145. See Work, n.]

1. To exert one's self for a purpose; to put forth effort for the attainment of an object; to labor; to be engaged in the performance of a task, a duty, or the like. O thou good Kent, how shall I live and work, To match thy goodness Shak. Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you. Ex. v. 18. Whether we work or play, or sleep or wake, Our life doth pass. Sir J. Davies.

2. Hence, in a general sense, to operate; to act; to perform; as, a machine works well. We bend to that the working of the heart. Shak.

3. Hence, figuratively, to be effective; to have effect or influence;
to conduce.
We know that all things work together for good to them that love God.
Rom. viii. 28.
This so wrought upon the child, that afterwards he desired to be
taught. Locke.
She marveled how she could ever have been wrought upon to marry him.
Hawthorne.

4. To carry on business; to be engaged or employed customarily; to perform the part of a laborer; to labor; to toil. They that work in fine flax . . . shall be confounded. Isa. xix. 9.

5. To be in a state of severe exertion, or as if in such a state; to be tossed or agitated; to move heavily; to strain; to labor; as, a ship works in a heavy sea. Confused with working sands and rolling waves. Addison.

6. To make one's way slowly and with difficulty; to move or penetrate laboriously; to proceed with effort; — with a following preposition, as down, out, into, up, through, and the like; as, scheme works out by degrees; to work into the earth. Till body up to spirit work, in bounds Proportioned to each kind. Milton.

7. To ferment, as a liquid. The working of beer when the barm is put in. Bacon.

8. To act or operate on the stomach and bowels, as a cathartic. Purges . . . work best, that is, cause the blood so to do, . . . in warm weather or in a warm room. Grew.

To work at, to be engaged in or upon; to be employed in. — To work to windward (Naut.), to sail or ply against the wind; to tack to windward. Mar. Dict.

WORK
Work, v. t.

1. To labor or operate upon; to give exertion and effort to; to prepare for use, or to utilize, by labor. He could have told them of two or three gold mines, and a silver mine, and given the reason why they forbare to work them at that time. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. To produce or form by labor; to bring forth by exertion or toil; to accomplish; to originate; to effect; as, to work wood or iron into a form desired, or into a utensil; to work cotton or wool into cloth. Each herb he knew, that works or good or ill. Harte.

3. To produce by slow degrees, or as if laboriously; to bring gradually into any state by action or motion. "Sidelong he works his way." Milton. So the pure, limpid stream, when foul with stains Of rushing torrents and descending rains, Works itself clear, and as it runs, refines, Till by degrees the floating mirror shines. Addison.

4. To influence by acting upon; to prevail upon; to manage; to lead. "Work your royal father to his ruin." Philips.

5. To form with a needle and thread or yarn; especially, to embroider; as, to work muslin.

6. To set in motion or action; to direct the action of; to keep at work; to govern; to manage; as, to work a machine. Knowledge in building and working ships. Arbuthnot. Now, Marcus, thy virtue's the proof; Put forth thy utmost strength, work every nerve. Addison. The mariners all 'gan work the ropes, Where they were wont to do. Coleridge.

7. To cause to ferment, as liquor. To work a passage (Naut.), to pay for a passage by doing work. — To work double tides (Naut.), to perform the labor of three days in two; — a phrase which alludes to a practice of working by the night tide as well as by the day. — To work in, to insert, introduce, mingle, or interweave by labor or skill. — To work into, to force, urge, or insinuate into; as, to work one's self into favor or confidence. — To work off, to remove gradually, as by labor, or a gradual process; as, beer works off impurities in fermenting. — To work out. (a) To effect by labor and exertion. "Work out your own salvation with fear and trembling." Phil. ii. 12. (b) To erase; to efface. [R.] Tears of joy for your returning spilt, Work out and expiate our former guilt. Dryden. (c) To solve, as a problem. (d) To exhaust, as a mine, by working. — To work up. (a) To raise; to excite; to stir up; as, to work up the passions to rage. The sun, that rolls his chariot o'er their heads, Works up more fire and color in their cheeks. Addison. (b) To expend in any work, as materials; as, they have worked up all the stock. (c) (Naut.) To make over or into something else, as yarns drawn from old rigging, made into spun yarn, foxes, sennit, and the like; also, to keep constantly at work upon needless matters, as a crew in order to punish them. R. H. Dana, Jr.

WORKABLE
Work"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being worked, or worth working; as, a workable mine; workable clay.

WORKADAY
Work"a*day`, n.

Defn: See Workyday.

WORKBAG
Work"bag`, n.

Defn: A bag for holding implements or materials for work; especially, a reticule, or bag for holding needlework, and the like.

WORKBASKET
Work"bas`ket, n.

Defn: A basket for holding materials for needlework, or the like.

WORKBENCH
Work"bench`, n.

Defn: A bench on which work is performed, as in a carpenter's shop.

WORKBOX
Work"box`, n.

Defn: A box for holding instruments or materials for work.

WORKDAY
Work"day`, n. & a. Etym: [AS. weorcdæg.]

Defn: A day on which work is performed, as distinguished from Sunday, festivals, etc., a working day.

WORKER
Work"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, works; a laborer; a performer; as, a worker in brass. Professors of holiness, but workers of iniquity. Shak.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the neuter, or sterile, individuals of the social ants, bees, and white ants. The workers are generally females having the sexual organs imperfectly developed. See Ant, and White ant, under White.

WORKFELLOW
Work"fel`low, n.

Defn: One engaged in the same work with another; a companion in work.

WORKFOLK
Work"folk`, n.

Defn: People that labor.

WORKFUL
Work"ful, a.

Defn: Full of work; diligent. [R.]

WORKHOUSE
Work"house`, n.; pl. Workhouses. Etym: [AS. weorch.]

1. A house where any manufacture is carried on; a workshop.

2. A house in which idle and vicious persons are confined to labor.

3. A house where the town poor are maintained at public expense, and provided with labor; a poorhouse.

WORKING
Work"ing,

Defn: a & n. from Work. The word must cousin be to the working. Chaucer. Working beam. See Beam, n. 10. — Working class, the class of people who are engaged in manual labor, or are dependent upon it for support; laborers; operatives; — chiefly used in the plural. — Working day. See under Day, n. — Working drawing, a drawing, as of the whole or part of a structure, machine, etc., made to a scale, and intended to be followed by the workmen. Working drawings are either general or detail drawings. — Working house, a house where work is performed; a workhouse. — Working point (Mach.), that part of a machine at which the effect required; the point where the useful work is done.

WORKING-DAY
Work"ing-day, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or characteristic of, working days, or workdays; everyday; hence, plodding; hard-working. O, how full of briers in this working-day world. Shak.

WORKINGMAN
Work"ing*man, n.; pl. Workingmen (.

Defn: A laboring man; a man who earns his daily support by manual labor.

WORKLESS
Work"less, a.

1. Without work; not laboring; as, many people were still workless.

2. Not carried out in practice; not exemplified in fact; as, workless faith. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

WORKMAN
Work"man, n.; pl. Workmen. Etym: [AS. weorcmann.]

1. A man employed in labor, whether in tillage or manufactures; a worker.

2. Hence, especially, a skillful artificer or laborer.

WORKMANLIKE
Work"man*like`, a.

Defn: Becoming a workman, especially a skillful one; skillful; well performed.

WORKMANLY
Work"man*ly, a.

Defn: Becoming a skillful workman; skillful; well performed; workmanlike.

WORKMANLY
Work"man*ly, adv.

Defn: In a skillful manner; in a manner becoming a skillful workman.
Shak.

WORKMANSHIP
Work"man*ship, n.

1. The art or skill of a workman; the execution or manner of making anything. Due reward For her praiseworthy workmanship to yield. Spenser. Beauty is nature's brag, and must be shown . . . Where most may wonder at the workmanship. Milton.

2. That which is effected, made, or produced; manufacture, something made by manual labor. Not any skilled in workmanship embossed. Spenser. By how much Adam exceeded all men in perfection, by being the immediate workmanship of God. Sir W. Raleigh.

WORKMASTER
Work"mas`ter, n.

Defn: The performer of any work; a master workman. [R.] Spenser.

WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION ACT
Workmen's compensation act. (Law)

Defn: A statute fixing the compensation that a workman may recover from an employer in case of accident, esp. the British act of 6 Edw. VII. c. 58 (1906) giving to a workman, except in certain cases of "serious and willful misconduct," a right against his employer to a certain compensation on the mere occurrence of an accident where the common law gives the right only for negligence of the employer.

WORKROOM
Work"room`, n.

Defn: Any room or apartment used especially for labor.

WORKSHIP
Work"ship, n.

Defn: Workmanship. [R.]

WORKSHOP
Work"shop`, n.

Defn: A shop where any manufacture or handiwork is carried on.

WORKTABLE
Work"ta`ble, n.

Defn: A table for holding working materials and implements; esp., a small table with drawers and other conveniences for needlework, etc.

WORKWAYS; WORKWISE
Work"ways`, Work"wise`, adv.

Defn: In a working position or manner; as, a T rail placed workwise, i.e., resting on its base.

WORKWOMAN
Work"wom`an, n.; pl. Workwomen (, n.

Defn: A woman who performs any work; especially, a woman skilled in needlework.

WORKYDAY
Work"y*day`, n. Etym: [See Workday, Workingday.]

Defn: A week day or working day, as distinguished from Sunday or a holiday. Also used adjectively. [Written also workiday, and workaday.] [Obs. or Colloq.] Prithee, tell her but a workyday fortune. Shak.

WORLD World, n. Etym: [OE. world, werld, weorld, weoreld, AS. weorold, worold; akin to OS. werold, D. wereld, OHG. weralt, worolt, werolt, werlt, G. welt, Icel. veröld, Sw. verld, Dan. verden; properly, the age of man, lifetime, humanity; AS. wer a man + a word akin to E. old; cf. AS. yld lifetime, age, ylde men, humanity. Cf. Werewolf, Old.]

1. The earth and the surrounding heavens; the creation; the system of created things; existent creation; the universe. The invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen. Rom. 1. 20. With desire to know, What nearer might concern him, how this world Of heaven and earth conspicuous first began. Milton.

2. Any planet or heavenly body, especially when considered as inhabited, and as the scene of interests analogous with human interests; as, a plurality of worlds. "Lord of the worlds above." I. Watts. Amongst innumerable stars, that shone Star distant, but high-hand seemed other worlds. Milton. There may be other worlds, where the inhabitants have never violated their allegiance to their almighty Sovereign. W. B. Sprague.

3. The earth and its inhabitants, with their concerns; the sum of human affairs and interests. That forbidden tree, whose mortal taste Brought death into the world, and all our woe. Milton.

4. In a more restricted sense, that part of the earth and its concerns which is known to any one, or contemplated by any one; a division of the globe, or of its inhabitants; human affairs as seen from a certain position, or from a given point of view; also, state of existence; scene of life and action; as, the Old World; the New World; the religious world; the Catholic world; the upper world; the future world; the heathen world. One of the greatest in the Christian world Shall be my surety. Shak. Murmuring that now they must be put to make war beyond the world's end — for so they counted Britain. Milton.

5. The customs, practices, and interests of men; general affairs of life; human society; public affairs and occupations; as, a knowledge of the world. Happy is she that from the world retires. Waller. If knowledge of the world makes man perfidious, May Juba ever live in ignorance. Addison.

6. Individual experience of, or concern with, life; course of life; sum of the affairs which affect the individual; as, to begin the world with no property; to lose all, and begin the world anew.

7. The inhabitants of the earth; the human race; people in general; the public; mankind. Since I do purpose to marry, I will think nothing to any purpose that the world can say against it. Shak. Tell me, wench, how will the world repute me For undertaking so unstaid a journey Shak.

8. The earth and its affairs as distinguished from heaven; concerns of this life as distinguished from those of the life to come; the present existence and its interests; hence, secular affairs; engrossment or absorption in the affairs of this life; worldly corruption; the ungodly or wicked part of mankind. I pray not for the world, but for them which thou hast given me; for they are thine. John xvii. 9. Love not the world, neither the things that are in the world. If any man love the world, the love of the Father is not in him. For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world. 1 John ii. 15, 16.

9. As an emblem of immensity, a great multitude or quantity; a large number. "A world of men." Chapman. "A world of blossoms for the bee." Bryant. Nor doth this wood lack worlds of company. Shak. A world of woes dispatched in little space. Dryden. All . . . in the world, all that exists; all that is possible; as, all the precaution in the world would not save him. — A world to see, a wonder to see; something admirable or surprising to see. [Obs.] O, you are novices; 't is a world to see How tame, when men and women are alone, A meacock wretch can make the curstest shrew. Shak. — For all the world. (a) Precisely; exactly. (b) For any consideration. — Seven wonders of the world. See in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction. — To go to the world, to be married. [Obs.] "Thus goes every one to the world but I . . . ; I may sit in a corner and cry heighho for a husband!" Shak. — World's end, the end, or most distant part, of the world; the remotest regions. — World without end, eternally; forever; everlastingly; as if in a state of existence having no end. Throughout all ages, world without end. Eph. iii. 21.

WORLDLINESS
World"li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being worldly; a predominant passion for obtaining the good things of this life; covetousness; addictedness to gain and temporal enjoyments; worldly-mindedness.

WORLDLING
World"ling, Etym: [World + -ling.]

Defn: A person whose soul is set upon gaining temporal possessions;
one devoted to this world and its enjoyments.
A foutre for the world and worldlings base. Shak.
If we consider the expectations of futurity, the worldling gives up
the argument. Rogers.
And worldlings blot the temple's gold. Keble.

WORLDLY
World"ly, a. Etym: [AS. woroldlic.]

1. Relating to the world; human; common; as, worldly maxims; worldly actions. "I thus neglecting worldly ends." Shak. Many years it hath continued, standing by no other worldly mean but that one only hand which erected it. Hooker.

2. Pertaining to this world or life, in contradistinction from the life to come; secular; temporal; devoted to this life and its enjoyments; bent on gain; as, worldly pleasures, affections, honor, lusts, men. With his soul fled all my worldly solace. Shak.

3. Lay, as opposed to clerical. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WORLDLY
World"ly, adv.

Defn: With relation to this life; in a worldly manner.
Subverting worldly strong and worldly wise By simply meek. Milton.

WORLDLY-MINDED
World"ly-mind`ed, a.

Defn: Devoted to worldly interests; mindful of the affairs of the present life, and forgetful of those of the future; loving and pursuing this world's goods, to the exclusion of piety and attention to spiritual concerns. — World"ly*mind`ed*ness, n.

WORLDLYWISE; WORLDLY-WISE
World"ly*wise`, World"ly`-*wise`, a.

Defn: Wise in regard to things of this world. Bunyan.

WORLD-WIDE
World"-wide`, a.

Defn: Extended throughout the world; as, world-wide fame. Tennyson.

WORM
Worm (wûrm), n. Etym: [OE. worm, wurm, AS. wyrm; akin to D. worm, OS.
& G. wurm, Icel. ormr, Sw. & Dan. orm, Goth. waúrms, L. vermis, Gr.
Vermicelli, Vermilion, Vermin.]

1. A creeping or a crawling animal of any kind or size, as a serpent, caterpillar, snail, or the like. [Archaic] There came a viper out of the heat, and leapt on his hand. When the men of the country saw the worm hang on his hand, they said, This man must needs be a murderer. Tyndale (Acts xxviii. 3, 4). 'T is slander, Whose edge is sharper than the sword, whose tongue Outvenoms all the worms of Nile. Shak. When Cerberus perceived us, the great worm, His mouth he opened and displayed his tusks. Longfellow.

2. Any small creeping animal or reptile, either entirely without feet, or with very short ones, including a great variety of animals; as, an earthworm; the blindworm. Specifically: (Zoöl.) (a) Any helminth; an entozoön. (b) Any annelid. (c) An insect larva. (d) pl.

Defn: Same as Vermes.

3. An internal tormentor; something that gnaws or afflicts one's mind with remorse. The worm of conscience still begnaw thy soul! Shak.

4. A being debased and despised. I am a worm, and no man. Ps. xxii. 6.

5. Anything spiral, vermiculated, or resembling a worm; as: (a) The thread of a screw. The threads of screws, when bigger than can be made in screw plates, are called worms. Moxon.

(b) A spiral instrument or screw, often like a double corkscrew, used for drawing balls from firearms. (c) (Anat.) A certain muscular band in the tongue of some animals, as the dog; the lytta. See Lytta. (d) The condensing tube of a still, often curved and wound to economize space. See Illust. of Still. (e) (Mach.) A short revolving screw, the threads of which drive, or are driven by, a worm wheel by gearing into its teeth or cogs. See Illust. of Worm gearing, below. Worm abscess (Med.), an abscess produced by the irritation resulting from the lodgment of a worm in some part of the body. — Worm fence. See under Fence. — Worm gear. (Mach.) (a) A worm wheel. (b) Worm gearing. — Worm gearing, gearing consisting of a worm and worm wheel working together. — Worm grass. (Bot.) (a) See Pinkroot, 2 (a). (b) The white stonecrop (Sedum album) reputed to have qualities as a vermifuge. Dr. Prior. — Worm oil (Med.), an anthelmintic consisting of oil obtained from the seeds of Chenopodium anthelminticum. — Worm powder (Med.), an anthelmintic powder. — Worm snake. (Zoöl.) See Thunder snake (b), under Thunder. — Worm tea (Med.), an anthelmintic tea or tisane. — Worm tincture (Med.), a tincture prepared from dried earthworms, oil of tartar, spirit of wine, etc. [Obs.] — Worm wheel, a cogwheel having teeth formed to fit into the spiral spaces of a screw called a worm, so that the wheel may be turned by, or may turn, the worm; — called also worm gear, and sometimes tangent wheel. See Illust. of Worm gearing, above.

WORM
Worm, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Wormed; p. pr. & vb. n. Worming.]

Defn: To work slowly, gradually, and secretly. When debates and fretting jealousy Did worm and work within you more and more, Your color faded. Herbert.

WORM
Worm, v. t.

1. To effect, remove, drive, draw, or the like, by slow and secret means; — often followed by out. They find themselves wormed out of all power. Swift. They . . . wormed things out of me that I had no desire to tell. Dickens.

2. To clean by means of a worm; to draw a wad or cartridge from, as a firearm. See Worm, n. 5 (b).

3. To cut the worm, or lytta, from under the tongue of, as a dog, for the purpose of checking a disposition to gnaw. The operation was formerly supposed to guard against canine madness. The men assisted the laird in his sporting parties, wormed his dogs, and cut the ears of his terrier puppies. Sir W. Scott.

4. (Naut.)

Defn: To wind rope, yarn, or other material, spirally round, between the strands of, as a cable; to wind with spun yarn, as a small rope. Ropes . . . are generally wormed before they are served. Totten. To worm one's self into, to enter into gradually by arts and insinuations; as, to worm one's self into favor.

WORMAL
Wor"mal, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wormil.

WORM-EATEN
Worm"-eat`en, a.

1. Eaten, or eaten into, by a worm or by worms; as, worm-eaten timber. Concave as a covered goblet, or a worm-eaten nut. Shak.

2. Worn-out; old; worthless. [R.] Sir W. Raleigh.
— Worm"-eat`en*ness, n. [R.] Dr. John Smith.

WORMED
Wormed, a.

Defn: Penetrated by worms; injured by worms; worm-eaten; as, wormed timber.

WORMHOLE
Worm"hole`, n.

Defn: A burrow made by a worm.

WORMIAN
Wor"mi*an, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Discovered or described by Olanus Wormius, a Danish anatomist. Wormian bones, small irregular plates of bone often interposed in the sutures between the large cranial bones.

WORMIL
Wor"mil, n. Etym: [Cf. 1st Warble.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any botfly larva which burrows in or beneath the skin of domestic and wild animals, thus producing sores. They belong to various species of Hypoderma and allied genera. Domestic cattle are often infested by a large species. See Gadfly. Called also warble, and worble. [Written also wormal, wormul, and wornil.]

2. (Far.)

Defn: See 1st Warble, 1 (b).

WORMLING
Worm"ling, n.

Defn: A little worm. O dusty wormling! dost thou strive and stand With heaven's high monarch Sylvester.

WORMSEED
Worm"seed`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Any one of several plants, as Artemisia santonica, and Chenopodium anthelminticum, whose seeds have the property of expelling worms from the stomach and intestines. Wormseed mustard, a slender, cruciferous plant (Erysinum cheiranthoides) having small lanceolate leaves.

WORM-SHAPED
Worm"-shaped`, a.

Defn: Shaped like a worm; as, a worm-shaped root.

WORM-SHELL
Worm"-shell`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of Vermetus.

WORMUL
Wor"mul, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wornil.

WORMWOOD Worm"wood, n. Etym: [AS. werm, akin to OHG. wermuota, wormuota, G. wermuth, wermut; of uncertain origin.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A composite plant (Artemisia Absinthium), having a bitter and slightly aromatic taste, formerly used as a tonic and a vermifuge, and to protect woolen garments from moths. It gives the peculiar flavor to the cordial called absinthe. The volatile oil is a narcotic poison. The term is often extended to other species of the same genus.

2. Anything very bitter or grievous; bitterness. Lest there should be among you a root that beareth gall and wormwood. Deut. xxix. 18. Roman wormwood (Bot.), an American weed (Ambrosia artemisiæfolia); hogweed. — Tree wormwood (Bot.), a species of Artemisia (probably Artemisia variabilis) with woody stems. — Wormwood hare (Zoöl.), a variety of the common hare (Lepus timidus); — so named from its color.

WORMY
Worm"y, a. [Compar. Wormier; superl. Wormiest.]

1. Containing a worm; abounding with worms. "Wormy beds." Shak.

2. Like or pertaining to a worm; earthy; groveling.

WORN
Worn,

Defn: p. p. of Wear. Worn land, land that has become exhausted by tillage, or which for any reason has lost its fertility.

WORNIL
Wor"nil, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wormil.

WORN-OUT
Worn"-out`, a.

Defn: Consumed, or rendered useless, by wearing; as, worn-out garments.

WORRAL; WORREL
Wor"ral, Wor"rel, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An Egyptian fork-tongued lizard, about four feet long when full grown.

WORRIER
Wor"ri*er, n.

Defn: One who worries.

WORRIMENT
Wor"ri*ment, n. Etym: [See Worry.]

Defn: Trouble; anxiety; worry. [Colloq. U. S.]

WORRISOME
Wor"ri*some, a.

Defn: Inclined to worry or fret; also, causing worry or annoyance.

WORRIT
Wor"rit, v. t.

Defn: To worry; to annoy. [Illiterate]

WORRIT
Wor"rit, n.

Defn: Worry; anxiety. [Illiterate]

WORRY Wor"ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Worried; p. pr. & vb. n. Worrying.] Etym: [OE. worowen, wirien, to strangle, AS. wyrgan in awyrgan; akin to D. worgen, wurgen, to strangle, OHG. wurgen, G. würgen, Lith. verszti, and perhaps to E. wring.]

1. To harass by pursuit and barking; to attack repeatedly; also, to tear or mangle with the teeth. A hellhound that doth hunt us all to death; That dog that had his teeth before his eyes, To worry lambs and lap their gentle blood. Shak.

2. To harass or beset with importunity, or with care an anxiety; to vex; to annoy; to torment; to tease; to fret; to trouble; to plague. "A church worried with reformation." South. Let them rail, And worry one another at their pleasure. Rowe. Worry him out till he gives consent. Swift.

3. To harass with labor; to fatigue. [Colloq.]

WORRY
Wor"ry, v. i.

Defn: To feel or express undue care and anxiety; to manifest disquietude or pain; to be fretful; to chafe; as, the child worries; the horse worries.

WORRY
Wor"ry, n.; pl. Worries (.

Defn: A state of undue solicitude; a state of disturbance from care and anxiety; vexation; anxiety; fret; as, to be in a worry. "The whir and worry of spindle and of loom." Sir T. Browne.

WORRYINGLY
Wor"ry*ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a worrying manner.

WORSE Worse, a., compar. of Bad. Etym: [OE. werse, worse, wurse, AS. wiersa, wyrsa, a comparative with no corresponding positive; akin to OS. wirsa, OFries. wirra, OHG. wirsiro, Icel. verri, Sw. värre, Dan. värre, Goth. waírsiza, and probably to OHG. werran to bring into confusion, E. war, and L. verrere to sweep, sweep along. As bad has no comparative and superlative, worse and worst are used in lieu of them, although etymologically they have no relation to bad.]

Defn: Bad, ill, evil, or corrupt, in a greater degree; more bad or
evil; less good; specifically, in poorer health; more sick; — used
both in a physical and moral sense.
Or worse, if men worse can devise. Chaucer.
[She] was nothing bettered, but rather grew worse. Mark v. 26.
Evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse. 2 Tim. iii. 13.
There are men who seem to believe they are not bad while another can
be found worse. Rambler.
"But I love him." "Love him Worse and worse." Gay.

WORSE
Worse, n.

1. Loss; disadvantage; defeat. "Judah was put to the worse before Israel." Kings xiv. 12.

2. That which is worse; something less good; as, think not the worse of him for his enterprise.

WORSE Worse, adv. Etym: [AS. wiers, wyrs; akin to OS. & OHG. wirs, Icel. verr, Goth, waírs; a comparative adverb with no corresponding positive. See Worse, a.]

Defn: In a worse degree; in a manner more evil or bad.
Now will we deal worse with thee than with them. Gen. xix. 9.

WORSE
Worse, v. t. Etym: [OE. wursien, AS. wyrsian to become worse.]

Defn: To make worse; to put disadvantage; to discomfit; to worst. See
Worst, v.
Weapons more violent, when next we meet, May serve to better us and
worse our foes. Milton.

WORSEN
Wors"en, v. t.

1. To make worse; to deteriorate; to impair. It is apparent that, in the particular point of which we have been conversing, their condition is greatly worsened. Southey.

2. To get the better of; to worst. [R.]

WORSEN
Wors"en, v. i.

Defn: To grow or become worse. De Quincey.
Indifferent health, which seemed rather to worsen than improve.
Carlyle.

WORSER
Wors"er, a.

Defn: Worse. [R.]
Thou dost deserve a worser end. Beau. & Fl.
From worser thoughts which make me do amiss. Bunyan.
A dreadful quiet felt, and, worser far Than arms, a sullen interval
of war. Dryden.

Note: This old and redundant form of the comparative occurs occasionally in the best authors, although commonly accounted a vulgarism. It has, at least, the analogy of lesser to sanction its issue. See Lesser. "The experience of man's worser nature, which intercourse with ill-chosen associates, by choice or circumstance, peculiarly teaches." Hallam.

WORSHIP Wor"ship, n. Etym: [OE. worshipe, wuredhscipe, AS. weoredhscipe; weoredh worth + -scipe -ship. See Worth, a., and -ship.]

1. Excellence of character; dignity; worth; worthiness. [Obs.] Shak.
A man of worship and honour. Chaucer.
Elfin, born of noble state, And muckle worship in his native land.
Spenser.

2. Honor; respect; civil deference. [Obs.] Of which great worth and worship may be won. Spenser. Then shalt thou have worship in the presence of them that sit at meat with thee. Luke xiv. 10.

3. Hence, a title of honor, used in addresses to certain magistrates and others of rank or station. My father desires your worships' company. Shak.

4. The act of paying divine honors to the Supreme Being; religious reverence and homage; adoration, or acts of reverence, paid to God, or a being viewed as God. "God with idols in their worship joined." Milton. The worship of God is an eminent part of religion, and prayer is a chief part of religious worship. Tillotson.

5. Obsequious or submissive respect; extravagant admiration; adoration. 'T is your inky brows, your black silk hair, Your bugle eyeballs, nor your cheek of cream, That can my spirits to your worship. Shak.

6. An object of worship.
In attitude and aspect formed to be At once the artist's worship and
despair. Longfellow.
Devil worship, Fire worship, Hero worship, etc. See under Devil,
Fire, Hero, etc.

WORSHIP Wor"ship, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Worshiped or Worshipped; p. pr. & vb. n. Worshiping or Worshipping.]

1. To respect; to honor; to treat with civil reverence. [Obsoles.]
Chaucer.
Our grave . . . shall have a tongueless mouth, Not worshiped with a
waxen epitaph. Shak.
This holy image that is man God worshipeth. Foxe.

2. To pay divine honors to; to reverence with supreme respect and veneration; to perform religious exercises in honor of; to adore; to venerate. But God is to be worshiped. Shak. When all our fathers worshiped stocks and stones. Milton.

3. To honor with extravagant love and extreme submission, as a lover; to adore; to idolize. With bended knees I daily worship her. Carew.

Syn.
— To adore; revere; reverence; bow to; honor.

WORSHIP
Wor"ship, v. i.

Defn: To perform acts of homage or adoration; esp., to perform
religious service.
Our fathers worshiped in this mountain; and ye say that in Jerusalem
is the place where men ought to worship. John iv. 20.
Was it for this I have loved . . . and worshiped in silence
Longfellow.

WORSHIPABILITY
Wor`ship*a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being worthy to be worshiped. [R.] Coleridge.

WORSHIPABLE
Wor"ship*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being worshiped; worthy of worship. [R.] Carlyle.

WORSHIPER
Wor"ship*er, n.

Defn: One who worships; one who pays divine honors to any being or thing; one who adores. [Written also worshipper.]

WORSHIPFUL
Wor"ship*ful, a.

Defn: Entitled to worship, reverence, or high respect; claiming respect; worthy of honor; — often used as a term of respect, sometimes ironically. "This is worshipful society." Shak. [She is] so dear and worshipful. Chaucer. — Wor"ship*ful*ly, adv. — Wor"ship*ful*ness, n.

WORST Worst, a., superl. of Bad. Etym: [OE. werst, worste, wurste, AS. wyrst, wierst, wierrest. See Worse, a.]

Defn: Bad, evil, or pernicious, in the highest degree, whether in a physical or moral sense. See Worse. "Heard so oft in worst extremes." Milton. I have a wife, the worst that may be. Chaucer. If thou hadst not been born the worst of men, Thou hadst been a knave and flatterer. Shak.

WORST
Worst, n.

Defn: That which is most bad or evil; the most severe, pernicious, calamitous, or wicked state or degree. The worst is not So long as we can say, This is the worst. Shak. He is always sure of finding diversion when the worst comes to the worst. Addison.

WORST
Worst, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Worsted; p. pr. & vb. n. Worsting.] Etym:
[See Worse, v. t. & a.]

Defn: To gain advantage over, in contest or competition; to get the better of; to defeat; to overthrow; to discomfit. The . . . Philistines were worsted by the captivated ark. South.

WORST
Worst, v. i.

Defn: To grow worse; to deteriorate. [R.] "Every face . . . worsting." Jane Austen.

WORSTED
Worst"ed, n. Etym: [From Worsted, now spelled Worstead, a town in
Norfolk, England; for Worthstead. See Worth, n., and Stead.]

1. Well-twisted yarn spun of long-staple wool which has been combed to lay the fibers parallel, used for carpets, cloth, hosiery, gloves, and the like.

2. Fine and soft woolen yarn, untwisted or lightly twisted, used in knitting and embroidery.

WORT Wort, n. Etym: [OE. wort, wurt, AS. wyrt herb, root; akin to OS. wurt, G. wurz, Icel. jurt, urt, Dan. urt, Sw. ört, Goth. waúrts a root, L. radix, Gr. root, n. Cf. Licorice, Orchard, Radish, Root, n., Whortleberry, Wort an infusion of malt.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of any kind.

Note: This word is now chiefly used in combination, as in colewort, figwort, St. John's-wort, woundwort, etc.

2. pl.

Defn: Cabbages.

WORT Wort, n. Etym: [OE. worte, wurte, AS. wyrte; akin to OD. wort, G. würze, bierwürze, Icel. virtr, Sw. vört. See Wort an herb.]

Defn: An infusion of malt which is unfermented, or is in the act of fermentation; the sweet infusion of malt, which ferments and forms beer; hence, any similar liquid in a state of incipient fermentation.

Note: Wort consists essentially of a dilute solution of sugar, which by fermentation produces alcohol and carbon dioxide.

WORTH Worth, v. i. Etym: [OE. worthen, wurÞen, to become, AS. weorthan; akin to OS. werthan, D. worden, G. werden, OHG. werdan, Icel. vertha, Sw. varda, Goth. waírpan, L. vertere to turn, Skr. vrt, v. i., to turn, to roll, to become. *143. Cf. Verse, -ward, Weird.]

Defn: To be; to become; to betide; — now used only in the phrases, woe worth the day, woe worth the man, etc., in which the verb is in the imperative, and the nouns day, man, etc., are in the dative. Woe be to the day, woe be to the man, etc., are equivalent phrases. I counsel . . . to let the cat worthe. Piers Plowman. He worth upon [got upon] his steed gray. Chaucer.

WORTH
Worth, a. Etym: [OE. worth, wurÞ, AS. weorth, wurE; akin to OFries.
werth, OS. werth, D. waard, OHG. werd, G. wert, werth, Icel. verthr,
Sw. värd, Dan. værd, Goth. waírps, and perhaps to E. wary. Cf.
Stalwart, Ware an article of merchandise, Worship.]

1. Valuable; of worthy; estimable; also, worth while. [Obs.] It was not worth to make it wise. Chaucer.

2. Equal in value to; furnishing an equivalent for; proper to be exchanged for. A ring he hath of mine worth forty ducats. Shak. All our doings without charity are nothing worth. Bk. of Com. Prayer. If your arguments produce no conviction, they are worth nothing to me. Beattie.

3. Deserving of; — in a good or bad sense, but chiefly in a good
sense.
To reign is worth ambition, though in hell. Milton.
This is life indeed, life worth preserving. Addison.

4. Having possessions equal to; having wealth or estate to the value
of.
At Geneva are merchants reckoned worth twenty hundred crowns.
Addison.
Worth while, or Worth the while. See under While, n.

WORTH Worth, n. Etym: [OE. worth, wurÞ, AS. weorth, wurth; weorth, wurth, adj. See Worth, a.]

1. That quality of a thing which renders it valuable or useful; sum of valuable qualities which render anything useful and sought; value; hence, often, value as expressed in a standard, as money; equivalent in exchange; price. What 's worth in anything But so much money as 't will bring Hudibras.

2. Value in respect of moral or personal qualities; excellence; virtue; eminence; desert; merit; usefulness; as, a man or magistrate of great worth. To be of worth, and worthy estimation. Shak. As none but she, who in that court did dwell, Could know such worth, or worth describe so well. Waller. To think how modest worth neglected lies. Shenstone.

Syn.
— Desert; merit; excellence; price; rate.

WORTHFUL
Worth"ful, a.

Defn: Full of worth; worthy; deserving. Marston.

WORTHILY
Wor"thi*ly, adv.

Defn: In a worthy manner; excellently; deservedly; according to merit; justly; suitably; becomingly. You worthily succeed not only to the honors of your ancestors, but also to their virtues. Dryden. Some may very worthily deserve to be hated. South.

WORTHINESS
Wor"thi*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being worthy; desert; merit; excellence; dignity; virtue; worth. Who is sure he hath a soul, unless It see, and judge, and follow worthiness Donne. She is not worthy to be loved that hath not some feeling of her own worthiness. Sir P. Sidney. The prayers which our Savior made were for his own worthiness accepted. Hooker.

WORTHLESS
Worth"less, a. Etym: [AS. weorthleás.]

Defn: Destitute of worth; having no value, virtue, excellence, dignity, or the like; undeserving; valueless; useless; vile; mean; as, a worthless garment; a worthless ship; a worthless man or woman; a worthless magistrate. 'T is a worthless world to win or lose. Byron. — Worth"less*ly, adv. — Worth"less*ness, n.

WORTHWHILE worthwhile, adj.

Defn: Worth the time or effort spent. See worth while. worthy.
— worthwhileness.

WORTHY
Wor"thy, a. [Compar. Worthier (; superl. Worthiest.] Etym: [OE.
worthi, wurÞi, from worth, wurÞ, n.; cf. Icel. verthugr, D. waardig,
G. würdig, OHG. wirdig. See Worth, n.]

1. Having worth or excellence; possessing merit; valuable; deserving; estimable; excellent; virtuous. Full worthy was he in his lordes war. Chaucer. These banished men that I have kept withal Are men endued with worthy qualities. Shak. Happier thou mayst be, worthier canst not be. Milton. This worthy mind should worthy things embrace. Sir J. Davies.

2. Having suitable, adapted, or equivalent qualities or value; — usually with of before the thing compared or the object; more rarely, with a following infinitive instead of of, or with that; as, worthy of, equal in excellence, value, or dignity to; entitled to; meriting; — usually in a good sense, but sometimes in a bad one. No, Warwick, thou art worthy of the sway. Shak. The merciless Macdonwald, Worthy to be a rebel. Shak. Whose shoes I am not worthy to bear. Matt. iii. 11. And thou art worthy that thou shouldst not know More happiness. Milton. The lodging is well worthy of the guest. Dryden.

3. Of high station; of high social position. [Obs.] Worthy women of the town. Chaucer. Worthiest of blood (Eng. Law of Descent), most worthy of those of the same blood to succeed or inherit; — applied to males, and expressive of the preference given them over females. Burrill.

WORTHY
Wor"thy, n.; pl. Worthies (.

Defn: A man of eminent worth or value; one distinguished for useful and estimable qualities; a person of conspicuous desert; — much used in the plural; as, the worthies of the church; political worthies; military worthies. The blood of ancient worthies in his veins. Cowper.

WORTHY
Wor"thy, v. t.

Defn: To render worthy; to exalt into a hero. [Obs.] Shak.

WOST
Wost,

Defn: 2d pers. sing. pres. of Wit, to know. [Obs.] Spenser.

WOT
Wot,

Defn: 1st & 3d pers. sing. pres. of Wit, to know. See the Note under
Wit, v. [Obs.]
Brethren, I wot that through ignorance ye did it. Acts iii. 17.

WOTEST; WOTTEST
Wot"est, Wot"test,

Defn: 2d pers. sing. pres. of Wit, to know. [Obs.]

WOTETH; WOTTETH
Wot"eth, Wot"teth,

Defn: 3d pers. sing. pres. of Wit, to know. [Obs.] "He wotteth neither what he babbleth, nor what he meaneth." Tyndale.

WOUL
Woul, v. i.

Defn: To howl. [Obs.] Wyclif.

WOULD
Would, imp. of Will. Etym: [OE. & AS. wolde. See Will, v. t.]

Defn: Commonly used as an auxiliary verb, either in the past tense or in the conditional or optative present. See 2d & 3d Will.

Note: Would was formerly used also as the past participle of Will.
Right as our Lord hath would. Chaucer.

WOULD
Would, n.

Defn: See 2d Weld.

WOULD-BE
Would"-be

Defn: ' (as, a would-be poet.

WOULDING
Would"ing, n.

Defn: Emotion of desire; inclination; velleity. [Obs.] Hammond.

WOULDINGNESS
Would"ing*ness, n.

Defn: Willingness; desire. [Obs.]

WOULFE BOTTLE
Woulfe" bot`tle, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A kind of wash bottle with two or three necks; — so called after the inventor, Peter Woulfe, an English chemist.

WOUND
Wound,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Wind to twist, and Wind to sound by blowing.

WOUND
Wound, n. Etym: [OE. wounde, wunde, AS. wund; akin to OFries. wunde,
OS. wunda, D. wonde, OHG. wunta, G. wunde, Icel. und, and to AS.,
OS., & G. wund sore, wounded, OHG. wunt, Goth. wunds, and perhaps
also to Goth. winnan to suffer, E. win. *140. Cf. Zounds.]

1. A hurt or injury caused by violence; specifically, a breach of the skin and flesh of an animal, or in the substance of any creature or living thing; a cut, stab, rent, or the like. Chaucer. Showers of blood Rained from the wounds of slaughtered Englishmen. Shak.

2. Fig.: An injury, hurt, damage, detriment, or the like, to feeling, faculty, reputation, etc.

3. (Criminal Law)

Defn: An injury to the person by which the skin is divided, or its continuity broken; a lesion of the body, involving some solution of continuity.

Note: Walker condemns the pronunciation woond as a "capricious novelty." It is certainly opposed to an important principle of our language, namely, that the Old English long sound written ou, and pronounced like French ou or modern English oo, has regularly changed, when accented, into the diphthongal sound usually written with the same letters ou in modern English, as in ground, hound, round, sound. The use of ou in Old English to represent the sound of modern English oo was borrowed from the French, and replaced the older and Anglo-Saxon spelling with u. It makes no difference whether the word was taken from the French or not, provided it is old enough in English to have suffered this change to what is now the common sound of ou; but words taken from the French at a later time, or influenced by French, may have the French sound. Wound gall (Zoöl.), an elongated swollen or tuberous gall on the branches of the grapevine, caused by a small reddish brown weevil (Ampeloglypter sesostris) whose larvæ inhabit the galls.

WOUND
Wound, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Wounding.] Etym:
[AS. wundian. *140. See Wound, n.]

1. To hurt by violence; to produce a breach, or separation of parts, in, as by a cut, stab, blow, or the like. The archers hit him; and he was sore wounded of the archers. 1 Sam. xxxi. 3.

2. To hurt the feelings of; to pain by disrespect, ingratitude, or the like; to cause injury to. When ye sin so against the brethren, and wound their weak conscience, ye sin against Christ. 1 Cor. viii. 12.

WOUNDABLE
Wound"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being wounded; vulnerable. [R.] Fuller.

WOUNDER
Wound"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, wounds.

WOUNDILY
Wound"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a woundy manner; excessively; woundy. [Obs.]

WOUNDLESS
Wound"less, a.

Defn: Free from wound or hurt; exempt from being wounded; invulnerable. "Knights whose woundless armor rusts." Spenser. [Slander] may miss our name, And hit the woundless air. Shak.

WOUNDWORT
Wound"wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Any one of certain plants whose soft, downy leaves have been used for dressing wounds, as the kidney vetch, and several species of the labiate genus Stachys.

WOUNDY
Wound"y, a.

Defn: Excessive. [Obs.] Such a world of holidays, that 't a woundy hindrance to a poor man that lives by his labor. L'Estrange.

WOUNDY
Wound"y, adv.

Defn: Excessively; extremely. [Obs.]
A am woundy cold. Ford.

WOURALI
Wou"ra*li, n.

Defn: Same as Curare.

WOU-WOU
Wou"-wou`, n. Etym: [So called from its cry.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The agile, or silvery, gibbon; — called also camper. See
Gibbon. [Written also wow-wow.]

WOVE
Wove,

Defn: p. pr. & rare vb. n. of Weave.

WOVEN
Wov"en,

Defn: p. p. of Weave. Woven paper, or Wove paper, writing paper having an even, uniform surface, without watermarks.

WOWE
Wowe, v. t. & i.

Defn: To woo. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WOWF
Wowf, a.

Defn: Disordered or unsettled in intellect; deranged. [Scot.] Sir W.
Scott.

WOWKE
Wowke, n.

Defn: Week. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WOW-WOW
Wow"-wow", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wou-wou.

WOX
Wox, obs.

Defn: imp. of Wax. Gower.

WOXEN
Wox"en, obs.

Defn: p. p. of Wax. Chaucer.

WRACK
Wrack, n.

Defn: A thin, flying cloud; a rack.

WRACK
Wrack, v. t.

Defn: To rack; to torment. [R.]

WRACK
Wrack, n. Etym: [OE. wrak wreck. See Wreck.]

1. Wreck; ruin; destruction. [Obs.] Chaucer. "A world devote to universal wrack." Milton. wrack and ruin

2. Any marine vegetation cast up on the shore, especially plants of the genera Fucus, Laminaria, and Zostera, which are most abundant on northern shores.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Coarse seaweed of any kind. Wrack grass, or Grass wrack (Bot.), eelgrass.

WRACK
Wrack, v. t.

Defn: To wreck. [Obs.] Dryden.

WRACKFUL
Wrack"ful, a.

Defn: Ruinous; destructive. [Obs.]

WRAIN-BOLT
Wrain"-bolt`, n.

Defn: Same as Wringbolt.

WRAITH Wraith, n. Etym: [Scot. wraith, warth; probably originally, a guardian angel, from Icel. vörthr a warden, guardian, akin to E. ward. See Ward a guard.]

1. An apparition of a person in his exact likeness, seen before death, or a little after; hence, an apparition; a specter; a vision; an unreal image. [Scot.] She was uncertain if it were the gypsy or her wraith. Sir W. Scott. O, hollow wraith of dying fame. Tennyson.

2. Sometimes, improperly, a spirit thought to preside over the waters; — called also water wraith. M. G. Lewis.

WRANGLE
Wran"gle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Wrangled; p. pr. & vb. n. Wrangling.]
Etym: [OE. wranglen to wrestle. See Wrong, Wring.]

1. To argue; to debate; to dispute. [Obs.]

2. To dispute angrily; to quarrel peevishly and noisily; to brawl; to altercate. "In spite of occasional wranglings." Macaulay. For a score of kingdoms you should wrangle. Shak. He did not know what it was to wrangle on indifferent points. Addison.

WRANGLE
Wran"gle, v. t.

Defn: To involve in a quarrel or dispute; to embroil. [R.] Bp.
Sanderson.

WRANGLE
Wran"gle, n.

Defn: An angry dispute; a noisy quarrel; a squabble; an altercation.

Syn.
— Altercation; bickering; brawl; jar; jangle; contest; controversy.
See Altercation.

WRANGLER
Wran"gler, n.

1. An angry disputant; one who disputes with heat or peevishness. "Noisy and contentious wranglers." I. Watts.

2. One of those who stand in the first rank of honors in the University of Cambridge, England. They are called, according to their rank, senior wrangler, second wrangler, third wrangler, etc. Cf. Optime.

WRANGLERSHIP
Wran"gler*ship, n.

Defn: The honor or position of being a wrangler at the University of
Cambridge, England.

WRANGLESOME
Wran"gle*some, a.

Defn: Contentious; quarrelsome. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

WRANNOCK; WRANNY
Wran"nock, Wran"ny, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The common wren. [Prov. Eng.]

WRAP
Wrap, v. t. Etym: [A corrupt spelling of rap.]

Defn: To snatch up; transport; — chiefly used in the p. p. wrapt.
Lo! where the stripling, wrapt in wonder, roves. Beattie.

WRAP
Wrap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wrapped or Wrapt; p. pr. & vb. n.
Wrapping.] Etym: [OE. wrappen, probably akin to E. warp. *144. Cf.
Warp.]

1. To wind or fold together; to arrange in folds. Then cometh Simon Peter, . . . and seeth . . . the napkin that was about his head, not lying with the linen clothes, but wrapped together in a place by itself. John xx. 6, 7. Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. Bryant.

2. To cover by winding or folding; to envelop completely; to involve; to infold; — often with up. I . . . wrapt in mist Of midnight vapor, glide obscure. Milton.

3. To conceal by enveloping or infolding; to hide; hence, to involve, as an effect or consequence; to be followed by. Wise poets that wrap truth in tales. Carew. To be wrapped up in, to be wholly engrossed in; to be entirely dependent on; to be covered with. Leontine's young wife, in whom all his happiness was wrapped up, died in a few days after the death of her daughter. Addison. Things reflected on in gross and transiently . . . are thought to be wrapped up in impenetrable obscurity. Locke.

WRAP
Wrap, n.

Defn: A wrapper; — often used in the plural for blankets, furs, shawls, etc., used in riding or traveling.

WRAPPAGE
Wrap"page (; 48), n.

1. The act of wrapping.

2. That which wraps; envelope; covering.

WRAPPER
Wrap"per, n.

1. One who, or that which, wraps.

2. That in which anything is wrapped, or inclosed; envelope; covering.

3. Specifically, a loose outer garment; an article of dress intended to be wrapped round the person; as, a morning wrapper; a gentleman's wrapper.

WRAPRASCAL
Wrap"ras`cal, n.

Defn: A kind of coarse upper coat, or overcoat, formerly worn.

WRASSE
Wrasse, n. Etym: [W. gwrachen.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous edible, marine, spiny-finned fishes of the genus Labrus, of which several species are found in the Mediterranean and on the Atlantic coast of Europe. Many of the species are bright- colored.

Note: Among the European species are the ballan wrasse (Labrus maculatus), the streaked wrasse (L. lineatus), the red wrasse (L. mixtus), the comber wrasse (L. comber), the blue-striped, or cook, wrasse (see Peacock fish, under Peacock), the rainbow wrasse (L. vulgaris), and the seawife.

WRASTLE
Wras"tle, v. i. Etym: [OE. wrastlen. See Wrestle.]

Defn: To wrestle. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
Who wrastleth best naked, with oil enoint. Chaucer.

WRATH Wrath, n. Etym: [OE. wrathe, wraÞ\'ede, wrethe, wræ\'ebthe, AS. wræ\'ebtho, fr. wra\'eb wroth; akin to Icel. reithi wrath. See Wroth, a.]

1. Violent anger; vehement exasperation; indignation; rage; fury;
ire.
Wrath is a fire, and jealousy a weed. Spenser.
When the wrath of king Ahasuerus was appeased. Esther ii. 1.
Now smoking and frothing Its tumult and wrath in. Southey.

2. The effects of anger or indignation; the just punishment of an offense or a crime. "A revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil." Rom. xiii. 4.

Syn. — Anger; fury; rage; ire; vengeance; indignation; resentment; passion. See Anger.

WRATH
Wrath, a.

Defn: See Wroth. [Obs.]

WRATH
Wrath, v. t.

Defn: To anger; to enrage; — also used impersonally. [Obs.] "I will not wrathen him." Chaucer. If him wratheth, be ywar and his way shun. Piers Plowman.

WRATHFUL
Wrath"ful, a.

1. Full of wrath; very angry; greatly incensed; ireful; passionate; as, a wrathful man.

2. Springing from, or expressing, wrath; as, a wrathful countenance. "Wrathful passions." Sprat.

Syn.
— Furious; raging; indignant; resentful.
— Wrath"ful*ly, adv.
— Wrath"ful*ness, n.

WRATHILY
Wrath"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a wrathy manner; very angrily; wrathfully. [Colloq.]

WRATHLESS
Wrath"less, a.

Defn: Free from anger or wrath. Waller.

WRATHY
Wrath"y, a.

Defn: Very angry. [Colloq.]

WRAW
Wraw, a. Etym: [Cf. dial. Sw. vrå willful, disobedient.]

Defn: Angry; vexed; wrathful. [Obs.]
With this speech the cock wex wroth and wraw. Chaucer.

WRAWFUL
Wraw"ful, a.

Defn: Ill-tempered. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WRAWL
Wrawl, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Dan. vraale, Sw. vråla to brawl, to roar,
Dan. vraal a bawling, roaring, vræle to cry, weep, whine.]

Defn: To cry, as a cat; to waul. [Obs.] Spenser.

WRAWNESS
Wraw"ness, n.

Defn: Peevishness; ill temper; anger. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WRAY
Wray, v. t. Etym: [AS. wr to accuse. See Bewray.]

Defn: To reveal; to disclose. [Obs.]
To no wight thou shalt this counsel wray. Chaucer.

WREAK
Wreak, v. i.

Defn: To reck; to care. [Obs.] Shak.

WREAK Wreak, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wreaked; p. pr. & vb. n. Wreaking.] Etym: [OE. wrek to revenge, punish, drive out, AS. wrecan; akin to OFries. wreka, OS. wrekan to punish, D. wreken to avenge, G. rächen, OHG. rehhan, Icel. reka to drive, to take vengeance, Goth. wrikan to persecute, Lith. vargas distress, vargti to suffer distress, L. urgere to drive, urge, Gr. Urge, Wreck, Wretch.]

1. To revenge; to avenge. [Archaic]
He should wreake him on his foes. Chaucer.
Another's wrongs to wreak upon thyself. Spenser.
Come wreak his loss, whom bootless ye complain. Fairfax.

2. To execute in vengeance or passion; to inflict; to hurl or drive; as, to wreak vengeance on an enemy. On me let Death wreak all his rage. Milton. Now was the time to be avenged on his old enemy, to wreak a grudge of seventeen years. Macaulay. But gather all thy powers, And wreak them on the verse that thou dost weave. Bryant.

WREAK Wreak, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. wræc exile, persecution, misery. See Wreak, v. t.]

Defn: Revenge; vengeance; furious passion; resentment. [Obs.] Shak.
Spenser.

WREAKEN
Wreak"en, obs.

Defn: p. p. of Wreak. Chaucer.

WREAKER
Wreak"er, n. Etym: [See Wreak.]

Defn: Avenger. [Obs.]
The stork, the wrekere of avouterye [adultery]. Chaucer.

WREAKFUL
Wreak"ful, a.

Defn: Revengeful; angry; furious. [Obs.] — Wreak"ful*ly, adv. [Obs.]

WREAKLESS
Wreak"less, a.

Defn: Unrevengeful; weak. [Obs.]

WREATH Wreath, n.; pl. Wreaths. Etym: [OE. wrethe, AS. wræedh a twisted band, fr. wriedhan to twist. See Writhe.]

1. Something twisted, intertwined, or curled; as, a wreath of smoke; a wreath of flowers. "A wrethe of gold." Chaucer. [He] of his tortuous train Curled many a wanton wreath. Milton.

2. A garland; a chaplet, esp. one given to a victor. Conquest doth grant He dear wreath to the Grecian combatant. Chapman. Far back in the ages, The plow with wreaths was crowned. Bryant.

3. (Her.)

Defn: An appendage to the shield, placed above it, and supporting the crest (see Illust. of Crest). It generally represents a twist of two cords of silk, one tinctured like the principal metal, the other like the principal color in the arms.

WREATHE Wreathe, v. t. [imp. Wreathed; p. p. Wreathed; Archaic Wreathen; p. pr. & vb. n. Wreathing.] Etym: [See Wreath, n.] [Written also wreath.]

1. To cause to revolve or writhe; to twist about; to turn. [Obs.] And from so heavy sight his head did wreathe. Spenser.

2. To twist; to convolve; to wind one about another; to entwine. The nods and smiles of recognition into which this singular physiognomy was wreathed. Sir W. Scott. From his slack hand the garland wreathed for Eve Down dropped. Milton.

3. To surround with anything twisted or convolved; to encircle; to
infold.
Each wreathed in the other's arms. Shak.
Dusk faces with withe silken turbants wreathed. Milton.
And with thy winding ivy wreathes her lance. Dryden.

4. To twine or twist about; to surround; to encircle. In the flowers that wreathe the sparkling bowl, Fell adders hiss. Prior.

WREATHE
Wreathe, v. i.

Defn: To be intewoven or entwined; to twine together; as, a bower of wreathing trees. Dryden.

WREATHEN
Wreath"en, a.

Defn: Twisted; made into a wreath. "Wreathen work of pure gold." Ex. xxviii. 22.

WREATHLESS
Wreath"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of a wreath.

WREATH-SHELL
Wreath"-shell`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A marine shell of the genus Turbo. See Turbo.

WREATHY
Wreath"y, a.

Defn: Wreathed; twisted; curled; spiral; also, full of wreaths.
"Wreathy spires, and cochleary turnings about." Sir T. Browne.

WRECCHE
Wrec"che, n.

Defn: A wretch. [Obs.]

WRECCHE
Wrec"che, a.

Defn: Wretched. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WRECHE
Wreche, n.

Defn: Wreak. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WRECK
Wreck, v. t. & n.

Defn: See 2d & 3d Wreak.

WRECK Wreck, n. Etym: [OE. wrak, AS. wræc exile, persecution, misery, from wrecan to drive out, punish; akin to D. wrak, adj., damaged, brittle, n., a wreck, wraken to reject, throw off, Icel. rek a thing drifted ashore, Sw. vrak refuse, a wreck, Dan. vrag. See Wreak, v. t., and cf. Wrack a marine plant.] [Written also wrack.]

1. The destruction or injury of a vessel by being cast on shore, or on rocks, or by being disabled or sunk by the force of winds or waves; shipwreck. Hard and obstinate As is a rock amidst the raging floods, 'Gainst which a ship, of succor desolate, Doth suffer wreck, both of herself and goods. Spenser.

2. Destruction or injury of anything, especially by violence; ruin; as, the wreck of a railroad train. The wreck of matter and the crush of worlds. Addison. Its intellectual life was thus able to go on amidst the wreck of its political life. J. R. Green.

3. The ruins of a ship stranded; a ship dashed against rocks or land, and broken, or otherwise rendered useless, by violence and fracture; as, they burned the wreck.

4. The remain of anything ruined or fatally injured. To the fair haven of my native home, The wreck of what I was, fatigued I come. Cowper.

5. (Law)

Defn: Goods, etc., which, after a shipwreck, are cast upon the land by the sea. Bouvier.

WRECK
Wreck, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wrecked; p. pr. & vb. n. Wrecking.]

1. To destroy, disable, or seriously damage, as a vessel, by driving it against the shore or on rocks, by causing it to become unseaworthy, to founder, or the like; to shipwreck. Supposing that they saw the king's ship wrecked. Shak.

2. To bring wreck or ruin upon by any kind of violence; to destroy, as a railroad train.

3. To involve in a wreck; hence, to cause to suffer ruin; to balk of success, and bring disaster on. Weak and envied, if they should conspire, They wreck themselves. Daniel.

WRECK
Wreck, v. i.

1. To suffer wreck or ruin. Milton.

2. To work upon a wreck, as in saving property or lives, or in plundering.

WRECKAGE
Wreck"age (; 48), n.

1. The act of wrecking, or state of being wrecked.

2. That which has been wrecked; remains of a wreck.

WRECKER
Wreck"er, n.

1. One who causes a wreck, as by false lights, and the like.

2. One who searches fro, or works upon, the wrecks of vessels, etc. Specifically: (a) One who visits a wreck for the purpose of plunder. (b) One who is employed in saving property or lives from a wrecked vessel, or in saving the vessel; as, the wreckers of Key West.

3. A vessel employed by wreckers.

WRECKFISH Wreck"fish`, n. Etym: [So called because it often comes in with wreckage.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A stone bass.

WRECKFUL
Wreck"ful, a.

Defn: Causing wreck; involving ruin; destructive. "By wreckful wind."
Spenser.

WRECKING
Wreck"ing,

Defn: a. & n. from Wreck, v. Wrecking car (Railway), a car fitted up with apparatus and implements for removing the wreck occasioned by an accident, as by a collision. — Wrecking pump, a pump especially adapted for pumping water from the hull of a wrecked vessel.

WRECK-MASTER
Wreck"-mas`ter, n.

Defn: A person appointed by law to take charge of goods, etc., thrown on shore after a shipwreck.

WREKE; WREEKE
Wreke, Wreeke, v. t.

Defn: See 2d Wreak. [Obs.]

WREN Wren, n. Etym: [OE. wrenne, AS. wrenna, wrænna, perhaps akin to wr lascivious.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of small singing birds belonging to
Troglodytes and numerous allied of the family Troglodytidæ.

Note: Among the species best known are the house wren (Troglodytes aëdon) common in both Europe and America, and the American winter wren (T. hiemalis). See also Cactus wren, Marsh wren, and Rock wren, under Cactus, Marsh, and Rock.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of small singing birds more or less resembling the true wrens in size and habits.

Note: Among these are several species of European warblers; as, the reed wren (see Reed warbler (a), under Reed), the sedge wren (see Sedge warbler, under Sedge), the willow wren (see Willow warbler, under Willow), the golden-crested wren, and the ruby-crowned wren (see Kinglet). Ant wren, any one of numerous South American birds of the family Formicaridæ, allied to the ant thrushes. — Blue wren, a small Australian singing bird (Malurus cyaneus), the male of which in the breeding season is bright blue. Called also superb warbler. — Emu wren. See in the Vocabulary. — Wren babbler, any one of numerous species of small timaline birds belonging to Alcippe, Stachyris, Timalia, and several allied genera. These birds are common in Southern Asia and the East Indies. — Wren tit. See Ground wren, under Ground. — Wren warbler, any one of several species of small Asiatic and African singing birds belonging to Prinia and allied genera. These birds are closely allied to the tailor birds, and build their nests in a similar manner. See also Pincpinc.

WRENCH Wrench, n. Etym: [OE. wrench deceit, AS. wrenc deceit, a twisting; akin to G. rank intrigue, crookedness, renken to bend, twist, and E. wring. Wring, and cf. Ranch, v. t.]

1. Trick; deceit; fraud; stratagem. [Obs.] His wily wrenches thou ne mayst not flee. Chaucer.

2. A violent twist, or a pull with twisting. He wringeth them such a wrench. Skelton. The injurious effect upon biographic literature of all such wrenches to the truth, is diffused everywhere. De Quincey.

3. A sprain; an injury by twisting, as in a joint.

4. Means; contrivance. [Obs.] Bacon.

5. An instrument, often a simple bar or lever with jaws or an angular orifice either at the end or between the ends, for exerting a twisting strain, as in turning bolts, nuts, screw taps, etc.; a screw key. Many wrenches have adjustable jaws for grasping nuts, etc., of different sizes.

6. (Mech.)

Defn: The system made up of a force and a couple of forces in a plane perpendicular to that force. Any number of forces acting at any points upon a rigid body may be compounded so as to be equivalent to a wrench. Carriage wrench, a wrench adapted for removing or tightening the nuts that confine the wheels on the axles, or for turning the other nuts or bolts of a carriage or wagon. — Monkey wrench. See under Monkey. — Wrench hammer, a wrench with the end shaped so as to admit of being used as a hammer.

WRENCH
Wrench, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wrenched; p. pr. & vb. n. Wrenching.]
Etym: [OE. wrenchen, AS. wrencan to deceive, properly, to twist, from
wrenc guile, deceit, a twisting. Wrench, n.]

1. To pull with a twist; to wrest, twist, or force by violence.
Wrench his sword from him. Shak.
Forthwith this frame of mine was wrenched With a woeful agony.
Coleridge.

2. To strain; to sprain; hence, to distort; to pervert. You wrenched your foot against a stone. Swift.

WREST
Wrest, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wrested; p. pr. & vb. n. Wresting.] Etym:
[OE. wresten, AS. wr; akin to wr a twisted band, and wri to twist.
See Writhe.]

1. To turn; to twist; esp., to twist or extort by violence; to pull of force away by, or as if by, violent wringing or twisting. "The secret wrested from me." Milton. Our country's cause, That drew our swords, now secret wrests them from our hand. Addison. They instantly wrested the government out of the hands of Hastings. Macaulay.

2. To turn from truth; to twist from its natural or proper use or meaning by violence; to pervert; to distort. Wrest once the law to your authority. Shak. Thou shalt not wrest the judgment of thy poor. Ex. xxiii. 6. Their arts of wresting, corrupting, and false interpreting the holy text. South.

3. To tune with a wrest, or key. [Obs.]

WREST
Wrest, n.

1. The act of wresting; a wrench; a violent twist; hence, distortion; perversion. Hooker.

2. Active or moving power. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. A key to tune a stringed instrument of music. The minstrel . . . wore round his neck a silver chain, by which hung the wrest, or key, with which he tuned his harp. Sir W. Scott.

4. A partition in a water wheel, by which the form of the buckets is determined. Wrest pin (Piano Manuf.), one of the pins around which the ends of the wires are wound in a piano. Knight. — Wrest plank (Piano Manuf.), the part in which the wrest pins are inserted.

WRESTER
Wrest"er, n.

Defn: One who wrests.

WRESTLE
Wres"tle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Wrestled; p. pr. & vb. n. Wrestling.]
Etym: [OE. wrestlen, wrastlen, AS. wr, freq. of wr to wrest; akin to
OD. wrastelen to wrestle. See Wrest, v. t.]

1. To contend, by grappling with, and striving to trip or throw down, an opponent; as, they wrestled skillfully. To-morrow, sir, I wrestle for my credit, and he that escapes me without some broken limb shall acquit him well. Shak. Another, by a fall in wrestling, started the end of the clavicle from the sternum. Wiseman.

2. Hence, to struggle; to strive earnestly; to contend.
Come, wrestle with thy affections. Shak.
We wrestle not against flesh and blood. Eph. vi. 12.
Difficulties with which he had himself wrestled. M. Arnold.

WRESTLE
Wres"tle, v. t.

Defn: To wrestle with; to seek to throw down as in wrestling.

WRESTLE
Wres"tle, n.

Defn: A struggle between two persons to see which will throw the other down; a bout at wrestling; a wrestling match; a struggle. Whom in a wrestle the giant catching aloft, with a terrible hug broke three of his ribs. Milton.

WRESTLER
Wres"tler, n. Etym: [AS. wræstlere.]

Defn: One who wrestles; one who is skillful in wrestling.

WRESTLING
Wres"tling, n.

Defn: Act of one who wrestles; specif., the sport consisting of the hand-to-hand combat between two unarmed contestants who seek to throw each other. The various styles of wrestling differ in their definition of a fall and in the governing rules. In Greco-Roman wrestling, tripping and taking hold of the legs are forbidden, and a fall is gained (that is, the bout is won), by the contestant who pins both his opponent's shoulders to the ground. In catch-as-catch-can wrestling, all holds are permitted except such as may be barred by mutual consent, and a fall is defined as in Greco-Roman style. Lancashire style wrestling is essentially the same as catch-as-catch- can. In Cumberland and Westmorland wrestling the contestants stand chest to chest, grasping each other around the body. The one first losing his hold, or touching the ground with any part of his body except his feet, loses the bout. If both fall to the ground at the same time, it is a dogfall, and must be wrestled over. In the Cornwall and Devon wrestling, the wrestlers complete in strong loose linen jackets, catching hold of the jacket, or anywhere above the waist. Two shoulders and one hip, or two hips and one shoulder, must touch the ground to constitute a fall, and if a man is thrown otherwise than on his back the contestants get upon their feet and the bout recommences.

WRETCH Wretch, n. Etym: [OE. wrecche, AS. wrecca, wræcca, an exile, a wretch, fr. wrecan to drive out, punish; properly, an exile, one driven out, akin to AS. wræc an exile, OS. wrekkio a stranger, OHG. reccheo an exile. See Wreak, v. t.]

1. A miserable person; one profoundly unhappy. "The wretch that lies in woe." Shak. Hovered thy spirit o'er thy sorrowing son, Wretch even then, life's journey just begun Cowper.

2. One sunk in vice or degradation; a base, despicable person; a vile knave; as, a profligate wretch.

Note: Wretch is sometimes used by way of slight or ironical pity or contempt, and sometimes to express tenderness; as we say, poor thing. "Poor wretch was never frighted so." Drayton.

WRETCHED
Wretch"ed, a.

1. Very miserable; sunk in, or accompanied by, deep affliction or distress, as from want, anxiety, or grief; calamitous; woeful; very afflicting. "To what wretched state reserved!" Milton. O cruel! Death! to those you are more kind Than to the wretched mortals left behind. Waller. The wretched refuse of your teeming shore . . .

2. Worthless; paltry; very poor or mean; miserable; as, a wretched poem; a wretched cabin.

3. Hatefully contemptible; despicable; wicked. [Obs.] "Wretched ungratefulness." Sir P. Sidney. Nero reigned after this Claudius, of all men wretchedest, ready to all manner [of] vices. Capgrave.

WRETCHEDLY
Wretch"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a wretched manner; miserably; despicable.

WRETCHEDNESS
Wretch"ed*ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being wretched; utter misery. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. A wretched object; anything despicably. [Obs.] Eat worms and such wretchedness. Chaucer.

WRETCHFUL
Wretch"ful, a.

Defn: Wretched. [Obs.] Wyclif.

WRETCHLESS
Wretch"less, a. Etym: [See Reckless.]

Defn: Reckless; hence, disregarded. [Obs.] — Wretch"less*ly, adv.
[Obs.] — Wretch"less*ness, n. [Obs.] Bk. of Com. Prayer.
Your deaf ears should listen Unto the wretchless clamors of the poor.
J. Webster.

WREY
Wrey, v. t.

Defn: See Wray. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WRIE
Wrie, a. & v.

Defn: See Wry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WRIG
Wrig, v. i.

Defn: To wriggle. [Obs.] Skelton.

WRIGGLE
Wrig"gle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Wriggled; p. pr. & vb. n. Wriggling.]
Etym: [Freq. of wrig, probably from OE. wrikken to move to and fro;
cf. LG. wriggeln, D. wrikken, Sw. vricka, Dan. vrikke.]

Defn: To move the body to and fro with short, writhing motions, like a worm; to squirm; to twist uneasily or quickly about. Both he and successors would often wriggle in their seats, as long as the cushion lasted. Swift.

WRIGGLE
Wrig"gle, v. t.

Defn: To move with short, quick contortions; to move by twisting and
squirming; like a worm.
Covetousness will wriggle itself out at a small hole. Fuller.
Wriggling his body to recover His seat, and cast his right leg over.
Hudibras.

WRIGGLE
Wrig"gle, a.

Defn: Wriggling; frisky; pliant; flexible. [Obs.] "Their wriggle tails." Spenser.

WRIGGLER
Wrig"gler, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, wriggles. Cowper.

WRIGHT Wright, n. Etym: [OE. wrighte, writhe, AS. wyrtha, fr. wyrcean to work. sq. root145. See Work.]

Defn: One who is engaged in a mechanical or manufacturing business; an artificer; a workman; a manufacturer; a mechanic; esp., a worker in wood; — now chiefly used in compounds, as in millwright, wheelwright, etc. He was a well good wright, a carpenter. Chaucer.

WRIGHTINE
Wright"ine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A rare alkaloid found in the bark of an East Indian apocynaceous tree (Wrightia antidysenterica), and extracted as a bitter white crystalline substance. It was formerly used as a remedy for diarrhoea. Called also conessine, and neriine.

WRING
Wring, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wrung, Obs. Wringed (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Wringing.] Etym: [OE. wringen, AS. wringan; akin to LG. & D. wringen,
OHG. ringan to struggle, G. ringen, Sw. vränga to distort, Dan.
vringle to twist. Cf. Wrangle, Wrench, Wrong.]

1. To twist and compress; to turn and strain with violence; to writhe; to squeeze hard; to pinch; as, to wring clothes in washing. "Earnestly wringing Waverley's hand." Sir W. Scott. "Wring him by the nose." Shak. [His steed] so sweat that men might him wring. Chaucer. The king began to find where his shoe did wring him. Bacon. The priest shall bring it [a dove] unto the altar, and wring off his head. Lev. i. 15.

2. Hence, to pain; to distress; to torment; to torture. Too much grieved and wrung by an uneasy and strait fortune. Clarendon. Didst thou taste but half the griefs That wring my soul, thou couldst not talk thus coldly. Addison.

3. To distort; to pervert; to wrest. How dare men thus wring the Scriptures Whitgift.

4. To extract or obtain by twisting and compressing; to squeeze or press (out); hence, to extort; to draw forth by violence, or against resistance or repugnance; — usually with out or form. Your overkindness doth wring tears from me. Shak. He rose up early on the morrow, and thrust the fleece together, and wringed the dew out of the fleece. Judg. vi. 38.

5. To subject to extortion; to afflict, or oppress, in order to enforce compliance. To wring the widow from her 'customed right. Shak. The merchant adventures have been often wronged and wringed to the quick. Hayward.

6. (Naut.)

Defn: To bend or strain out of its position; as, to wring a mast.

WRING
Wring, v. i.

Defn: To writhe; to twist, as with anguish. 'T is all men's office to speak patience To those that wring under the load of sorrow. Shak. Look where the sister of the king of France Sits wringing of her hands, and beats her breast. Marlowe.

WRING
Wring, n.

Defn: A writhing, as in anguish; a twisting; a griping. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.

WRINGBOLT
Wring"bolt`, n. (Shipbuilding)

Defn: A bolt used by shipwrights, to bend and secure the planks against the timbers till they are fastened by bolts, spikes, or treenails; — not to be confounded with ringbolt.

WRINGER
Wring"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, wrings; hence, an extortioner.

2. A machine for pressing water out of anything, particularly from clothes after they have been washed.

WRINGING
Wring"ing,

Defn: a. & n. from Wring, v. Wringing machine, a wringer. See
Wringer, 2.

WRINGSTAFF
Wring"staff`, n.; pl. Wringstaves (. (Shipbuilding)

Defn: A strong piece of plank used in applying wringbolts.

WRINKLE
Wrin"kle, n.

Defn: A winkle. [Local, U.S.]

WRINKLE Wrin"kle, n. Etym: [OE. wrinkil, AS. wrincle; akin to OD. wrinckel, and prob. to Dan. rynke, Sw. rynka, Icel. hrukka, OHG. runza, G. runzel, L. ruga.

1. A small ridge, prominence, or furrow formed by the shrinking or contraction of any smooth substance; a corrugation; a crease; a slight fold; as, wrinkle in the skin; a wrinkle in cloth. "The wrinkles in my brows." Shak. Within I do not find wrinkles and used heart, but unspent youth. Emerson.

2. hence, any roughness; unevenness. Not the least wrinkle to deform the sky. Dryden.

3. Etym: [Perhaps a different word, and a dim. AS. wrenc a twisting, deceit. Cf. Wrench, n.]

Defn: A notion or fancy; a whim; as, to have a new wrinkle. [Colloq.]

WRINKLE
Wrin"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wrinkled; p. pr. & vb. n. Wrinkling.]

1. To contract into furrows and prominences; to make a wrinkle or wrinkles in; to corrugate; as, wrinkle the skin or the brow. "Sport that wrinkled Care derides." Milton. Her wrinkled form in black and white arrayed. Pope.

2. Hence, to make rough or uneven in any way.
A keen north wind that, blowing dry, Wrinkled the face of deluge, as
decayed. Milton.
Then danced we on the wrinkled sand. Bryant.
To wrinkle at, to sneer at. [Obs.] Marston.

WRINKLE
Wrin"kle, v. i.

Defn: To shrink into furrows and ridges.

WRINKLY
Wrin"kly, a.

Defn: Full of wrinkles; having a tendency to be wrinkled; corrugated;
puckered. G. Eliot.
His old wrinkly face grew quite blown out at last. Carlyle.

WRIST
Wrist, n. Etym: [OE. wriste, wrist, AS. wrist; akin to OFries.
wriust, LG. wrist, G. rist wrist, instep, Icel. rist instep, Dan. &
Sw. vrist, and perhaps to E. writhe.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The joint, or the region of the joint, between the hand and the arm; the carpus. See Carpus. He took me by the wrist, and held me hard. Shak.

2. (Mach.)

Defn: A stud or pin which forms a journal; — also called wrist pin. Bridle wrist, the wrist of the left hand, in which a horseman holds the bridle. — Wrist clonus. Etym: [NL. clonus, fr. Gr. Clonic.] (Med.) A series of quickly alternating movements of flexion and extension of the wrist, produced in some cases of nervous disease by suddenly bending the hand back upon the forearm. — Wrist drop (Med.), paralysis of the extensor muscles of the hand, affecting the hand so that when an attempt is made to hold it out in line with the forearm with the palm down, the hand drops. It is chiefly due to plumbism. Called also hand drop. — Wrist plate (Steam Engine), a swinging plate bearing two or more wrists, for operating the valves.

WRISTBAND
Wrist"band, n.

Defn: The band of the sleeve of a shirt, or other garment, which covers the wrist.

WRISTER
Wrist"er, n.

Defn: A covering for the wrist.

WRISTLET
Wrist"let, n.

Defn: An elastic band worn around the wrist, as for the purpose of securing the upper part of a glove.

WRIT
Writ, obs.

Defn: 3d pers. sing. pres. of Write, for writeth. Chaucer.

WRIT
Writ, archaic

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Write. Dryden.

WRIT
Writ, n. Etym: [AS. writ, gewrit. See Write.]

1. That which is written; writing; scripture; — applied especially to the Scriptures, or the books of the Old and New testaments; as, sacred writ. "Though in Holy Writ not named." Milton. Then to his hands that writ he did betake, Which he disclosing read, thus as the paper spake. Spenser. Babylon, so much spoken of in Holy Writ. Knolles.

2. (Law)

Defn: An instrument in writing, under seal, in an epistolary form, issued from the proper authority, commanding the performance or nonperformance of some act by the person to whom it is directed; as, a writ of entry, of error, of execution, of injunction, of mandamus, of return, of summons, and the like.

Note: Writs are usually witnessed, or tested, in the name of the chief justice or principal judge of the court out of which they are issued; and those directed to a sheriff, or other ministerial officer, require him to return them on a day specified. In former English law and practice, writs in civil cases were either original or judicial; the former were issued out of the Court of Chancery, under the great seal, for the summoning of a defendant to appear, and were granted before the suit began and in order to begin the same; the latter were issued out of the court where the original was returned, after the suit was begun and during the pendency of it. Tomlins. Brande. Encyc. Brit. The term writ is supposed by Mr. Reeves to have been derived from the fact of these formulæ having always been expressed in writing, being, in this respect, distinguished from the other proceedings in the ancient action, which were conducted orally. Writ of account, Writ of capias, etc. See under Account, Capias, etc. — Service of a writ. See under Service.

WRITABILITY
Writ`a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Ability or capacity to write. [R.] Walpole.

WRITABLE
Writ"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of, or suitable for, being written down.

WRITATIVE
Writ"a*tive, a.

Defn: Inclined to much writing; — correlative to talkative. [R.]
Pope.

WRITE Write, v. t. [imp. Wrote; p. p. Written; Archaic imp. & p. p. Writ; p. pr. & vb. n. Writing.] Etym: [OE. writen, AS. writan; originally, to scratch, to score; akin to OS. writan to write, to tear, to wound, D. rijten to tear, to rend, G. reissen, OHG. rizan, Icel. rita to write, Goth. writs a stroke, dash, letter. Cf. Race tribe, lineage.]

1. To set down, as legible characters; to form the conveyance of meaning; to inscribe on any material by a suitable instrument; as, to write the characters called letters; to write figures.

2. To set down for reading; to express in legible or intelligible characters; to inscribe; as, to write a deed; to write a bill of divorcement; hence, specifically, to set down in an epistle; to communicate by letter. Last night she enjoined me to write some lines to one she loves. Shak. I chose to write the thing I durst not speak To her I loved. Prior.

3. Hence, to compose or produce, as an author. I purpose to write the history of England from the accession of King James the Second down to a time within the memory of men still living. Macaulay.

4. To impress durably; to imprint; to engrave; as, truth written on the heart.

5. To make known by writing; to record; to prove by one's own written testimony; — often used reflexively. He who writes himself by his own inscription is like an ill painter, who, by writing on a shapeless picture which he hath drawn, is fain to tell passengers what shape it is, which else no man could imagine. Milton. To write to, to communicate by a written document to. — Written laws, laws deriving their force from express legislative enactment, as contradistinguished from unwritten, or common, law. See the Note under Law, and Common law, under Common, a.

WRITE
Write, v. i.

1. To form characters, letters, or figures, as representative of sounds or ideas; to express words and sentences by written signs. Chaucer. So it stead you, I will write, Please you command. Shak.

2. To be regularly employed or occupied in writing, copying, or accounting; to act as clerk or amanuensis; as, he writes in one of the public offices.

3. To frame or combine ideas, and express them in written words; to play the author; to recite or relate in books; to compose. They can write up to the dignity and character of the authors. Felton.

4. To compose or send letters. He wrote for all the Jews that went out of his realm up into Jewry concerning their freedom. 1 Esdras iv. 49.

WRITER
Writ"er, n. Etym: [AS. writere.]

1. One who writes, or has written; a scribe; a clerk. They [came] that handle the pen of the writer. Judg. v. 14. My tongue is the pen of a ready writer. Ps. xlv. 1.

2. One who is engaged in literary composition as a profession; an author; as, a writer of novels. This pitch, as ancient writers do report, doth defile. Shak.

3. A clerk of a certain rank in the service of the late East India Company, who, after serving a certain number of years, became a factor. Writer of the tallies (Eng. Law), an officer of the exchequer of England, who acted as clerk to the auditor of the receipt, and wrote the accounts upon the tallies from the tellers' bills. The use of tallies in the exchequer has been abolished. Wharton (Law. Dict.) — Writer's cramp, palsy, or spasm (Med.), a painful spasmodic affection of the muscles of the fingers, brought on by excessive use, as in writing, violin playing, telegraphing, etc. Called also scrivener's palsy. — Writer to the signet. See under Signet.

WRITERSHIP
Writ"er*ship, n.

Defn: The office of a writer.

WRITHE Writhe, v. t. [imp. Writhed; p. p. Writhed, Obs. or Poetic Writhen (; p. pr. & vb. n. Writhing.] Etym: [OE. writhen, AS. wri to twist; akin to OHG. ridan, Icel. ri, Sw. vrida, Dan. vride. Cf. Wreathe, Wrest, Wroth.]

1. To twist; to turn; now, usually, to twist or turn so as to distort; to wring. "With writhing [turning] of a pin." Chaucer. Then Satan first knew pain, And writhed him to and fro. Milton. Her mouth she writhed, her forehead taught to frown. Dryden. His battle-writhen arms, and mighty hands. Tennyson.

2. To wrest; to distort; to pervert. The reason which he yieldeth showeth the least part of his meaning to be that whereunto his words are writhed. Hooker.

3. To extort; to wring; to wrest. [R.] The nobility hesitated not to follow the example of their sovereign in writhing money from them by every species of oppression. Sir W. Scott.

WRITHE
Writhe, v. i.

Defn: To twist or contort the body; to be distorted; as, to writhe with agony. Also used figuratively. After every attempt, he felt that he had failed, and writhed with shame and vexation. Macaulay.

WRITHEN
Writh"en, a.

Defn: Having a twisted distorted from.
A writhen staff his step unstable guides. Fairfax.

WRITHLE
Wri"thle, v. t. Etym: [Freq. of writhe.]

Defn: To wrinkle. [Obs.] Shak.

WRITING
Writ"ing, n.

1. The act or art of forming letters and characters on paper, wood, stone, or other material, for the purpose of recording the ideas which characters and words express, or of communicating them to others by visible signs.

2. Anything written or printed; anything expressed in characters or letters; as: (a) Any legal instrument, as a deed, a receipt, a bond, an agreement, or the like. (b) Any written composition; a pamphlet; a work; a literary production; a book; as, the writings of Addison. (c) An inscription. And Pilate wrote a title . . . And the writing was, Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews. John xix. 19.

3. Handwriting; chirography. Writing book, a book for practice in
penmanship.
— Writing desk, a desk with a sloping top for writing upon; also, a
case containing writing materials, and used in a similar manner.
— Writing lark (Zoöl.), the European yellow-hammer; — so called
from the curious irregular lines on its eggs. [Prov. Eng.] — Writing
machine. Same as Typewriter.
— Writing master, one who teaches the art of penmanship.
— Writing obligatory (Law), a bond.
— Writing paper, paper intended for writing upon with ink, usually
finished with a smooth surface, and sized.
— Writing school, a school for instruction in penmanship.
— Writing table, a table fitted or used for writing upon.

WRITTEN
Writ"ten,

Defn: p. p. of Write, v.

WRIZZLE
Wriz"zle, v. t.

Defn: To wrinkle. [Obs.] Spenser.

WROKEN
Wro"ken, obs.

Defn: p. p. of Wreak. Chaucer.

WRONG
Wrong, obs.

Defn: imp. of Wring. Wrung. Chaucer.

WRONG Wrong, a. Etym: [OE. wrong, wrang, a. & n., AS. wrang, n.; originally, awry, wrung, fr. wringan to wring; akin to D. wrang bitter, Dan. vrang wrong, Sw. vrång, Icel. rangr awry, wrong. See Wring.]

1. Twisted; wry; as, a wrong nose. [Obs.] Wyclif (Lev. xxi. 19).

2. Not according to the laws of good morals, whether divine or human; not suitable to the highest and best end; not morally right; deviating from rectitude or duty; not just or equitable; not true; not legal; as, a wrong practice; wrong ideas; wrong inclinations and desires.

3. Not fit or suitable to an end or object; not appropriate for an intended use; not according to rule; unsuitable; improper; incorrect; as, to hold a book with the wrong end uppermost; to take the wrong way. I have deceived you both; I have directed you to wrong places. Shak.

4. Not according to truth; not conforming to fact or intent; not right; mistaken; erroneous; as, a wrong statement.

5. Designed to be worn or placed inward; as, the wrong side of a garment or of a piece of cloth.

Syn. — Injurious; unjust; faulty; detrimental; incorrect; erroneous; unfit; unsuitable.

WRONG
Wrong, adv.

Defn: In a wrong manner; not rightly; amiss; morally ill; erroneously; wrongly. Ten censure wrong for one that writes amiss. Pope.

WRONG
Wrong, n. Etym: [AS. wrang. See Wrong, a.]

Defn: That which is not right. Specifically: (a) Nonconformity or disobedience to lawful authority, divine or human; deviation from duty; — the opposite of moral Ant: right. When I had wrong and she the right. Chaucer. One spake much of right and wrong. Milton.

(b) Deviation or departure from truth or fact; state of falsity; error; as, to be in the wrong. (c) Whatever deviates from moral rectitude; usually, an act that involves evil consequences, as one which inflicts injury on a person; any injury done to, or received from; another; a trespass; a violation of right. Friend, I do thee no wrong. Matt. xx. 18. As the king of England can do no wrong, so neither can he do right but in his courts and by his courts. Milton. The obligation to redress a wrong is at least as binding as that of paying a debt. E. Evereth.

Note: Wrongs, legally, are private or public. Private wrongs are civil injuries, immediately affecting individuals; public wrongs are crimes and misdemeanors which affect the community. Blackstone.

WRONG
Wrong, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wronged; p. pr. & vb. n. Wronging.]

1. To treat with injustice; to deprive of some right, or to withhold some act of justice from; to do undeserved harm to; to deal unjustly with; to injure. He that sinneth . . . wrongeth his own soul. Prov. viii. 36.

2. To impute evil to unjustly; as, if you suppose me capable of a base act, you wrong me. I rather choose To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you, Than I will wrong such honorable men. Shak.

WRONGDOER
Wrong"do`er, n.

1. One who injures another, or who does wrong.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who commits a tort or trespass; a trespasser; a tort feasor. Ayliffe.

WRONGDOING
Wrong"do`ing, n.

Defn: Evil or wicked behavior or action.

WRONGER
Wrong"er, n.

Defn: One who wrongs or injures another. Shak. "Wrongers of the world." Tennyson.

WRONGFUL
Wrong"ful, a.

Defn: Full of wrong; injurious; unjust; unfair; as, a wrongful taking
of property; wrongful dealing.
— Wrong"ful*ly, adv.
— Wrong"ful*ness, n.

WRONGHEAD
Wrong"head`, n.

Defn: A person of a perverse understanding or obstinate character.
[R.]

WRONGHEAD
Wrong"head`, a.

Defn: Wrongheaded. [R.] Pope.

WRONGHEADED
Wrong"head`ed, a.

Defn: Wrong in opinion or principle; having a perverse understanding;
perverse.
— Wrong"head`ed*ly, adv.
— Wrong"head`ed*ness, n. Macaulay.

WRONGLESS
Wrong"less, a.

Defn: Not wrong; void or free from wrong. [Obs.] — Wrong"less*ly, adv. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

WRONGLY
Wrong"ly, adv.

Defn: In a wrong manner; unjustly; erroneously; wrong; amiss; as, he judges wrongly of my motives. "And yet wouldst wrongly win." Shak.

WRONGNESS
Wrong"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being wrong; wrongfulness; error;
fault.
The best great wrongnesses within themselves. Bp. Butler.
The rightness or wrongness of this view. Latham.

WRONGOUS
Wron"gous, a. Etym: [Cf. OE. wrongwis. See Wrong, and cf. Righteous.]

1. Constituting, or of the nature of, a wrong; unjust; wrongful. [R.]

2. (Scots Law)

Defn: Not right; illegal; as, wrongous imprisonment. Craig.

WRONG-TIMED
Wrong"-timed`, a.

Defn: Done at an improper time; ill-timed.

WROOT
Wroot, obs.

Defn: imp. of Write. Wrote. Chaucer.

WROTE
Wrote, v. i. Etym: [OE. wroten. See 1st Root.]

Defn: To root with the snout. See 1st Root. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WROTE
Wrote,

Defn: imp. & archaic p. p. of Write.

WROTH Wroth, a. Etym: [OE. wroth, wrap, AS. wraedh wroth, crooked, bad; akin to wriedhan to writhe, and to OS. wreedhangry, D. wreed cruel, OHG. reid twisted, Icel. reiedhr angry, Dan. & Sw. vred. See Writhe, and cf. Wrath.]

Defn: Full of wrath; angry; incensed; much exasperated; wrathful.
"Wroth to see his kingdom fail." Milton.
Revel and truth as in a low degree, They be full wroth [i. e., at
enmity] all day. Chaucer.
Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell. Gen. iv. 5.

WROUGHT
Wrought,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Work.
Alas that I was wrought [created]! Chaucer.

WROUGHT
Wrought, a.

Defn: Worked; elaborated; not rough or crude. Wrought iron. See under
Iron.

WRUNG
Wrung,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Wring.

WRY
Wry, v. t. Etym: [AS. wreón.]

Defn: To cover. [Obs.]
Wrie you in that mantle. Chaucer.

WRY Wry, a. [Compar. Wrier; superl. Wriest.] Etym: [Akin to OE. wrien to twist, to bend, AS. wrigian to tend towards, to drive.]

1. Turned to one side; twisted; distorted; as, a wry mouth.

2. Hence, deviating from the right direction; misdirected; out of place; as, wry words. Not according to the wry rigor of our neighbors, who never take up an old idea without some extravagance in its application. Landor.

3. Wrested; perverted.
He . . . puts a wry sense upon Protestant writers. Atterbury.
Wry face, a distortion of the countenance indicating impatience,
disgust, or discomfort; a grimace.

WRY
Wry, v. i.

1. To twist; to writhe; to bend or wind.

2. To deviate from the right way; to go away or astray; to turn side; to swerve. This Phebus gan awayward for to wryen. Chaucer. How many Must murder wives much better than themselves For wrying but a little! Shak.

WRY Wry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Wried; p. pr. & vb. n. Wrying.] Etym: [OE. wrien. See Wry, a.]

Defn: To twist; to distort; to writhe; to wrest; to vex. Sir P.
Sidney.
Guests by hundreds, not one caring If the dear host's neck were
wried. R. Browning.

WRYBILL
Wry"bill`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Crookbill.

WRYMOUTH
Wry"mouth`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of large, elongated, marine fishes of the genus Cryptacanthodes, especially C. maculatus of the American coast. A whitish variety is called ghostfish.

WRYNECK
Wry"neck, n. (Med.)

1. A twisted or distorted neck; a deformity in which the neck is drawn to one side by a rigid contraction of one of the muscles of the neck; torticollis.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of Old World birds of the genus Jynx, allied to the woodpeckers; especially, the common European species (J. torguilla); — so called from its habit of turning the neck around in different directions. Called also cuckoo's mate, snakebird, summer bird, tonguebird, and writheneck.

WRYNECKED
Wry"necked`, a.

Defn: Having a distorted neck; having the deformity called wryneck.

WRYNESS
Wry"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being wry, or distorted. W. Montagu.

WRYTHEN
Wryth"en, obs. p. p. of Writhe.

Defn: Writhen.

WULFENITE Wul"fen*ite, n. Etym: [So named after F. X. Wulfen, an Australian mineralogist.] (Min.)

Defn: Native lead molybdate occurring in tetragonal crystals, usually tabular, and of a bright orange-yellow to red, gray, or brown color; — also called yellow lead ore.

WULL
Wull, v. t. & i.

Defn: See 2d Will.
Pour out to all that wull. Spenser.

WUNG-OUT
Wung"-out`, a.

Defn: Having the sails set in the manner called wing-and-wing.
[Sailors' slang]

WURBAGOOL
Wur"ba*gool, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fruit bat (Pteropus medius) native of India. It is similar to the flying fox, but smaller.

WURMAL
Wur"mal, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wormil.

WURRALUH
Wur"ra*luh, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Australian white-quilled honey eater (Entomyza albipennis).

WUST; WUSTE
Wust, Wuste, obs.

Defn: imp. of Wit. Piers Plowman.

WYANDOTS
Wy`an*dots", n. pl.; sing. Wyandot (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: Same as Hurons. [Written also Wyandottes, and Yendots.]

WYCH-ELM Wych"-elm`, n. Etym: [OE. wiche a kind of elm, AS. wice a kind of tree. Cf. Wicker.] (Bot.)

Defn: A species of elm (Ulmus montana) found in Northern and Western
Europe; Scotch elm.

Note: By confusion this word is often written witch-elm.

WYCH-HAZEL
Wych"-ha`zel, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The wych-elm; — so called because its leaves are like those of the hazel.

WYCLIFITE; WYCLIFFITE
Wyc"lif*ite, Wyc"liff*ite, n.

Defn: A follower of Wyclif, the English reformer; a Lollard.

WYD
Wyd, a.

Defn: Wide. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WYE
Wye, n.; pl. Wyes (.

1. The letter Y.

2. A kind of crotch. See Y, n. (a).

WYKE
Wyke, n.

Defn: Week. [Obs.] Chaucer.

WYLA
Wy"la, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A helmeted Australian cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus funereus); — called also funeral cockatoo.

WYN; WYNN; WEN
Wyn, Wynn, n. Also Wen. [AS. wen.]

Defn: One of the runes adopted into the Anglo-Saxon, or Old English, alphabet. It had the value of modern English w, and was replaced from about a. d. 1280 at first by uu, later by w.