← Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, Volume 7
Chapter 11
Scene Scene, v. t
Defn: To exhibit as a scene; to make a scene of; to display. [Obs.]
Abp. Sancroft.
SCENEFUL
Scene"ful, a.
Defn: Having much scenery. [R.]
SCENEMAN
Scene"man, n.; pl. Scenemen (.
Defn: The man who manages the movable scenes in a theater.
SCENERY
Scen"er*y, n.
1. Assemblage of scenes; the scenes of a play; the disposition and arrangement of the scenes in which the action of a play, poem, etc., is laid; representation of place of action or occurence.
2. Sum of scenes or views; general aspect, as regards variety and beauty or the reverse, in a landscape; combination of natural views, as woods, hills, etc. Never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime and beautiful of natural scenery. W. Irving.
SCENESHIFTER
Scene"shift`er, n.
Defn: One who moves the scenes in a theater; a sceneman.
SCENIC; SCENICAL
Scen"ic, Scen"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. scaenicus, scenicus, Gr. scénique.
See Scene.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to scenery; of the nature of scenery;
theatrical.
All these situations communicate a scenical animation to the wild
romance, if treated dramatically. De Quincey.
SCENOGRAPH
Scen"o*graph, n. Etym: [See Scenography.]
Defn: A perspective representation or general view of an object.
SCENOGRAPHIC; SCENOGRAPHICAL
Scen`o*graph"ic, Scen`o*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. scénographique,
Gr.
Defn: Of or pertaining to scenography; drawn in perspective.
— Scen`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
SCENOGRAPHY
Sce*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [L. scenographia, Gr. scénographie.]
Defn: The art or act of representing a body on a perspective plane; also, a representation or description of a body, in all its dimensions, as it appears to the eye. Greenhill.
SCENT
Scent, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scented; p. pr. & vb. n. Scenting.] Etym:
[Originally sent, fr. F. sentir to feel, to smell. See Sense.]
1. To perceive by the olfactory organs; to smell; as, to scent game, as a hound does. Methinks I scent the morning air. Shak.
2. To imbue or fill with odor; to perfume. Balm from a silver box distilled around, Shall all bedew the roots, and scent the sacred ground. Dryden.
SCENT
Scent, v. i.
1. To have a smell. [Obs.] Thunderbolts . . . do scent strongly of brimstone. Holland.
2. To hunt animals by means of the sense of smell.
SCENT
Scent, n.
1. That which, issuing from a body, affects the olfactory organs of animals; odor; smell; as, the scent of an orange, or of a rose; the scent of musk. With lavish hand diffuses scents ambrosial. prior.
2. Specifically, the odor left by an animal on the ground in passing over it; as, dogs find or lose the scent; hence, course of pursuit; track of discovery. He gained the observations of innumerable ages, and traveled upon the same scent into Ethiopia. Sir W. Temple.
3. The power of smelling; the sense of smell; as, a hound of nice scent; to divert the scent. I. Watts.
SCENTFUL
Scent"ful, a.
1. Full of scent or odor; odorous. "A scentful nosegay." W. Browne.
2. Of quick or keen smell. The scentful osprey by the rock had fished. W. Browne.
SCENTINGLY
Scent"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: By scent. [R.] Fuller.
SCENTLESS
Scent"less, a.
Defn: Having no scent.
The scentless and the scented rose. Cowper.
SCEPSIS
Scep"sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. skepsis. See Skeptic.]
Defn: Skepticism; skeptical philosophy. [R.] Among their products were the system of Locke, the scepsis of Hume, the critical philosophy of kant. J. martineau.
SCEPTER; SCEPTRE Scep"ter, Scep"tre, n. Etym: [F. sceptre, L. sceptrum, from Gr. shaft. See Shaft, and cf. Scape a stem, shaft.]
1. A staff or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of authority; a royal mace. And the king held out Esther the golden scepter that was in his hand. Esther v. 2.
2. Hence, royal or imperial power or authority; sovereignty; as, to assume the scepter. The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shilon come. Gen. xlix. 10.
SCEPTER; SCEPTRE Scep"ter, Scep"tre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sceptered or Sceptred (p. pr. & vb. n. Sceptering or Sceptring (.]
Defn: To endow with the scepter, or emblem of authority; to invest
with royal authority.
To Britain's queen the sceptered suppliant bends. Tickell.
SCEPTERELLATE
Scep`ter*el"late, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having a straight shaft with whorls of spines; — said of certain sponge spicules. See Illust. under Spicule.
SCEPTERLESS; SCEPTRELESS
Scep"ter*less, Scep"tre*less, a.
Defn: Having no scepter; without authority; powerless; as, a scepterless king.
SCEPTIC; SCEPTICAL; SCEPTICISM
Scep"tic, Scep"tic*al, Scep"ti*cism,
Defn: etc. See Skeptic, Skeptical, Skepticism, etc.
SCEPTRAL
Scep"tral, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a scepter; like a scepter.
SCERN
Scern, v. t.
Defn: To discern; to perceive. [Obs.]
SCHADE
Schade, n.
Defn: Shade; shadow. [Obs.]
Note: English words now beginning with sh, like shade, were formerly often spelled with a c between the s and h; as, schade; schame; schape; schort, etc.
SCHAH
Schah, n.
Defn: See Shah.
SCHAPPE
Schap"pe, n. [G. dial. (Swiss), waste, impurity.]
Defn: A silk yarn or fabric made out of carded spun silk.
SCHATCHEN Schat"chen, n. [Yiddish, fr. NHeb. shadkhan, fr. shadakh to bring about a marriage, orig., to persuade.]
Defn: A person whose business is marriage brokage; a marriage broker, esp. among certain Jews.
SCHEDIASM
Sche"di*asm, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Cursory writing on a loose sheet. [R.]
SCHEDULE Sched"ule (; in England commonly ; 277), n. Etym: [F. cédule, formerly also spelt schedule, L. schedula, dim. of scheda, scida, a strip of papyrus bark, a leaf of paper; akin to (or perh. from) Gr. scindere to cleave, Gr. Schism, and cf. Cedule.]
Defn: A written or printed scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a will, a lease, a statute, etc.
Syn.
— Catalogue; list; inventory. see List.
SCHEDULE
Sched"ule, v. t.
Defn: To form into, or place in, a schedule.
SCHEELE'S GREEN
Scheele's" green`. Etym: [See Scheelite.] (Chem.)
Defn: See under Green.
SCHEELIN
Scheel"in, n. (Chem.)
Defn: Scheelium. [Obs.]
SCHEELITE
Scheel"ite (, n. Etym: [From C.W.Scheele, a Swedish chemist.] (Min.)
Defn: Calcium tungstate, a mineral of a white or pale yellowish color and of the tetragonal system of crystallization.
SCHEELIUM
Schee"li*um, n. Etym: [NL. From C.W.Scheele, who discovered it.]
(Chem.)
Defn: The metal tungsten. [Obs.]
SCHEIK
Scheik (shek or shak), n.
Defn: See Sheik.
SCHELLY
Schel"ly, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The powan. [Prov. Eng.]
SCHEMA
Sche"ma, n.; pl. Schemata, E. Schemas. Etym: [G. See Scheme.]
(Kantian Philos.)
Defn: An outline or image universally applicable to a general conception, under which it is likely to be presented to the mind; as, five dots in a line are a schema of the number five; a preceding and succeeding event are a schema of cause and effect.
SCHEMATIC
Sche*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. Gr.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a scheme or a schema.
SCHEMATISM Sche"ma*tism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. schématisme (cf. L. schematismos florid speech), fr. Gr. Scheme.]
1. (Astrol.)
Defn: Combination of the aspects of heavenly bodies.
2. Particular form or disposition of a thing; an exhibition in outline of any systematic arrangement. [R.]
SCHEMATIST
Sche"ma*tist, n.
Defn: One given to forming schemes; a projector; a schemer. Swift.
SCHEMATIZE
Sche"ma*tize, v. i. Etym: [Cf. F. schématiser, Gr.
Defn: To form a scheme or schemes.
SCHEME Scheme, n. Etym: [L. schema a rhetorical figure, a shape, figure, manner, Gr. sah to be victorious, to endure, to hold out, AS. sige victory, G. sieg. Cf. Epoch, Hectic, School.]
1. A combination of things connected and adjusted by design; a
system.
The appearance and outward scheme of things. Locke.
Such a scheme of things as shall at once take in time and eternity.
Atterbury.
Arguments . . . sufficient to support and demonstrate a whole scheme
of moral philosophy. J. Edwards.
The Revolution came and changed his whole scheme of life. Macaulay.
2. A plan or theory something to be done; a design; a project; as, to form a scheme. The stoical scheme of supplying our wants by lopping off our desires, is like cuttig off our feet when we want shoes. Swift.
3. Any lineal or mathematical diagram; an outline. To draw an exact scheme of Constantinople, or a map of France. South.
4. (Astrol.)
Defn: A representation of the aspects of the celestial bodies for any moment o at a given event. A blue case, from which was drawn a scheme of nativity. Sir W. Scott.
Syn. — Plan; project; contrivance; purpose; device; plot. — Scheme, Plan. Scheme and plan are subordinate to design; they propose modes of carrying our designs into effect. Scheme is the least definite of the two, and lies more in speculation. A plan is drawn out into details with a view to being carried into effect. As schemes are speculative, they often prove visionary; hence the opprobrious use of the words schemer and scheming. Plans, being more practical, are more frequently carried into effect. He forms the well-concerted scheme of mischief; 'T is fixed, 't is done, and both are doomed to death. Rowe. Artists and plans relieved my solemn hours; I founded palaces, and planted bowers. prior.
SCHEME
Scheme, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schemed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scheming.]
Defn: To make a scheme of; to plan; to design; to project; to plot.
That wickedness which schemed, and executed, his destruction. G.
Stuart.
SCHEME
Scheme, v. i.
Defn: To form a scheme or schemes.
SCHEMEFUL
Scheme"ful, a.
Defn: Full of schemes or plans.
SCHEMER
Schem"er, n.
Defn: One who forms schemes; a projector; esp., a plotter; an
intriguer.
Schemers and confederates in guilt. Paley.
SCHEMING
Schem"ing, a.
Defn: Given to forming schemes; artful; intriguing.
— Schem"ing*ly, adv.
SCHEMIST
Schem"ist, n.
Defn: A schemer. [R.] Waterland.
SCHENE
Schene, n. Etym: [L. schoenus, Gr. schène.] (Antiq.)
Defn: An Egyptian or Persian measure of length, varying from thirthy- two to sixty stadia.
SCHENKBEER Schenk"beer`, n. Etym: [G. schenkbier; schenken to pour out + bier beer; — so called because put on draught soon after it is made.]
Defn: A mild German beer.
SCHERBET
Scher"bet, n.
Defn: See Sherbet.
SCHERIF
Scher"if ( or ), n.
Defn: See Sherif.
SCHERZANDO
Scher*zan"do, adv. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)
Defn: In a playful or sportive manner.
SCHERZO
Scher"zo, n. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)
Defn: A playful, humorous movement, commonly in 3-4 measure, which often takes the place of the old minuet and trio in a sonata or a symphony.
SCHESIS
Sche"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Scheme.]
1. General state or disposition of the body or mind, or of one thing with regard to other things; habitude. [Obs.] Norris.
2. (Rhet.)
Defn: A figure of speech whereby the mental habitude of an adversary or opponent is feigned for the purpose of arguing against him. Crabb.
SCHETIC; SCHETICAL
Schet"ic, Schet"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. Gr.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the habit of the body; constitutional.
[Obs.] Cudworth.
SCHIEDAM
Schie*dam", n. Etym: [Short for Schiedam schnapps.]
Defn: Holland gin made at Schiedam in the Netherlands.
SCHILLER
Schil"ler, n. Etym: [G., play of colors.] (Min.)
Defn: The peculiar bronzelike luster observed in certain minerals, as hypersthene, schiller spar, etc. It is due to the presence of minute inclusions in parallel position, and in sometimes of secondary origin. Schiller spar (Min.), an altered variety of enstatite, exhibiting, in certain positions, a bronzelike luster.
SCHILLERIZATION
Schil`ler*i*za"tion, n. (Min.)
Defn: The act or process of producing schiller in a mineral mass.
SCHILLING
Schil"ling, n. Etym: [G. See Shilling.]
Defn: Any one of several small German and Dutch coins, worth from about one and a half cents to about five cents.
SCHINDYLESIS
Schin`dy*le"sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: A form of articulation in which one bone is received into a groove or slit in another.
SCHIRRHUS
Schir"rhus, n.
Defn: See Scirrhus.
SCHISM Schism, n. Etym: [OE. scisme, OF. cisme, scisme, F. schisme, L. schisma, Gr. scindere, Skr. child, and prob. to E. shed, v.t. (which see); cf. Rescind, Schedule, Zest.]
Defn: Division or separation; specifically (Eccl.), permanent division or separation in the Christian church; breach of unity among people of the same religious faith; the offense of seeking to produce division in a church without justifiable cause. Set bounds to our passions by reason, to our errors by truth, and to our schisms by charity. Eikon Basilike.
Greek schism (Eccl.), the separation of the Greek and Roman churches. — Great schism, or Western schism (Eccl.) a schism in the church in the latter part of the 14th century, on account of rival claimants to the papal throne. — Schism act (Law), an act of the English Parliament requiring all teachers to conform to the Established Church, — passed in 1714, repealed in 1719.
SCHISMA
Schis"ma, n. Etym: [L., a spilt, separation, Gr. schisma. See
Schism.] (Anc. Mus.)
Defn: An interval equal to half a comma.
SCHISMATIC Schis*mat"ic (sîz*mât"îk; so nearly all orthoëpists), a. Etym: [L. schismaticus, Gr. schismatique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to schism; implying schism; partaking of the nature of schism; tending to schism; as, schismatic opinions or proposals.
SCHISMATIC
Schis*mat"ic, n.
Defn: One who creates or takes part in schism; one who separates from an established church or religious communion on account of a difference of opinion. "They were popularly classed together as canting schismatics." Macaulay.
Syn.
— Heretic; partisan. See Heretic.
SCHISMATICAL
Schis*mat"ic*al, a.
Defn: Same as Schismatic.
— Schismat"ic*al*ly, adv.
— Schis*mat"ic*al*ness, n.
SCHISMATIZE
Schis"ma*tize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Schismatized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Schismatizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. schismatiser.]
Defn: To make part in schism; to make a breach of communion in the church.
SCHISMLESS
Schism"less, a.
Defn: Free from schism.
SCHIST
Schist (shîst), n. Etym: [Gr. schiste. See Schism.] (Geol.)
Defn: Any crystalline rock having a foliated structure (see Foliation) and hence admitting of ready division into slabs or slates. The common kinds are mica schist, and hornblendic schist, consisting chiefly of quartz with mica or hornblende and often feldspar.
SCHISTACEOUS
Schis*ta"ceous, a.
Defn: Of a slate color.
SCHISTIC
Schist"ic, a.
Defn: Schistose.
SCHISTOSE; SCHISTOUS
Schis*tose", Schist*ous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. schisteux.] (Geol.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to schist; having the structure of a schist.
SCHISTOSITY
Schis*tos"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. schistosité.] (Geol.)
Defn: The quality or state of being schistose.
SCHIZO-
Schiz"o-. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: A combining form denoting division or cleavage; as, schizogenesis, reproduction by fission or cell division.
SCHIZOCARP
Schiz"o*carp, n. Etym: [Schizo- + Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A dry fruit which splits at maturity into several closed one- seeded portions.
SCHIZOCOELE
Schiz"o*coele, n. Etym: [Schizo- + Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: See Enterocoele.
SCHIZOCOELOUS
Schiz`o*coe"lous, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a schizocoele.
SCHIZOGENESIS
Schiz`o*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Schizo- + genesis.] (Biol.)
Defn: reproduction by fission. Haeckel.
SCHIZOGNATH
Schiz"og*nath, n. Etym: [See Schizognathous.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any bird with a schizognathous palate.
SCHIZOGNATHAE
Schi*zog"na*thæ, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The schizognathous birds.
SCHIZOGNATHISM
Schi*zog"na*thism, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: the condition of having a schizognathous palate.
SCHIZOGNATHOUS
Schi*zog"na*thous, a. Etym: [Schize- + Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the maxillo-palatine bones separate from each other and from the vomer, which is pointed in front, as in the gulls, snipes, grouse, and many other birds.
SCHIZOMYCETES
Schiz`o*my*ce"tes, n. pl., Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)
Defn: An order of Schizophyta, including the so-called fission fungi, or bacteria. See Schizophyta, in the Supplement.
SCHIZONEMERTEA
Schiz`o*ne*mer"te*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Schizo-, and Nemertes.]
(Zoöl.)
Defn: A group of nemerteans comprising those having a deep slit along each side of the head. See Illust. in Appendix.
SCHIZONT
Schi"zont (ski"zont or skiz"ont), n. [Gr. , , p.pr., cleaving.]
(Zoöl.)
Defn: In certain Sporozoa, a cell formed by the growth of a sporozoite or merozoite (in a cell or corpuscle of the host) which segment by superficial cleavage, without encystment or conjugation, into merozoites.
SCHIZOPELMOUS
Schiz`o*pel"mous, a. Etym: [Schizo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the two flexor tendons of the toes entirely separate, and the flexor hallicus going to the first toe only.
SCHIZOPHYTE
Schiz"o*phyte, n. Etym: [Schizo- + Gr. (Biol.)
Defn: One of a class of vegetable organisms, in the classification of Cohn, which includes all of the inferior forms that multiply by fission, whether they contain chlorophyll or not.
SCHIZOPOD
Schiz"o*pod, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: one of the Schizopoda. Also used adjectively.
SCHIZOPOD; SCHIZOPODOUS
Schiz"o*pod, Schi*zop"o*dous, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a schizopod, or the Schizopoda.
SCHIZOPODA
Schi*zop"o*da, n. pl., Etym: [NL. See Schizo-, and -poda.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A division of shrimplike Thoracostraca in which each of the thoracic legs has a long fringed upper branch (exopodite) for swimming.
SCHIZORHINAL
Schiz`o*rhi"nal, a. Etym: [Schizo- + rhinal.]
1. (Anat.)
Defn: Having the nasal bones separate.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the anterior nostrils prolonged backward in the form of a slit.
SCHLICH
Schlich, n. Etym: [G.; akin to LG. slik mud, D. slijk, MHG. sl.]
(Metal.)
Defn: The finer portion of a crushed ore, as of gold, lead, or tin, separated by the water in certain wet processes. [Written also slich, slick.]
SCHMELZE
Schmel"ze, n. Etym: [G. schmelz, schmelzglas.]
Defn: A kind of glass of a red or ruby color, made in Bohemia.
SCHNAPPS
Schnapps, n. Etym: [G., a dram of spirits.]
Defn: Holland gin. [U.S.]
SCHNEIDERIAN
Schnei*de"ri*an (, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Discovered or described by C. V. Schneider, a German anatomist of the seventeenth century. Schneiderian membrane, the mucous membrane which lines the nasal chambers; the pituitary membrane.
SCHNORRER Schnor"rer, n. [Yiddish, fr. G. schnurrer, fr. schnurren to hum, whir, hence, from the sound of the musical instrument used by strolling beggars, to beg.]
Defn: Among the Jews, a beggar.
SCHOHARIE GRIT
Scho*har"ie grit`. (Geol.)
Defn: The formation belonging to the middle of the three subdivisions of the Corniferous period in the American Devonian system; — so called from Schoharie, in New York, where it occurs. See the Chart of Geology.
SCHOLAR Schol"ar, n. Etym: [OE. scoler, AS. scolere, fr. L. scholaris belonging to a school, fr. schola a school. See School.]
1. One who attends a school; one who learns of a teacher; one under the tuition of a preceptor; a pupil; a disciple; a learner; a student. I am no breeching scholar in the schools. Shak.
2. One engaged in the pursuits of learning; a learned person; one versed in many branches, of knowledge; a person of high literary or scientific attainments; a savant. Shak. Locke.
3. A man of books. Bacon.
4. In English universities, an undergraduate who belongs to the foundation of a college, and receives support in part from its revenues.
Syn. — Pupil; learner; disciple. — Scholar, Pupil. Scholar refers to the instruction, and pupil to the care and government, of a teacher. A scholar is one who is under instruction; a pupil is one who is under the immediate and personal care of an instructor; hence we speak of a bright scholar, and an obedient pupil.
SCHOLARITY
Scho*lar"i*ty, n. Etym: [OF. scholarité, or LL. scholaritias.]
Defn: Scholarship. [Obs.] . Jonson.
SCHOLARLIKE
Schol"ar*like`, a.
Defn: Scholarly. Bacon.
SCHOLARLY
Schol"ar*ly, a.
Defn: Like a scholar, or learned person; showing the qualities of a scholar; as, a scholarly essay or critique. — adv.
Defn: In a scholarly manner.
SCHOLARSHIP
Schol"ar*ship, n.
1. The character and qualities of a scholar; attainments in science or literature; erudition; learning. A man of my master's . . . great scholarship. Pope.
2. Literary education. [R.] Any other house of scholarship. Milton.
3. Maintenance for a scholar; a foundation for the support of a student. T. Warton.
Syn.
— Learning; erudition; knowledge.
SCHOLASTIC Scho*las"tic, a. Etym: [L. scholasticus, Gr. scholastique, scolastique. See School.]
1. Pertaining to, or suiting, a scholar, a school, or schools; scholarlike; as, scholastic manners or pride; scholastic learning. Sir K. Digby.
2. Of or pertaining to the schoolmen and divines of the Middle Ages (see Schoolman); as, scholastic divinity or theology; scholastic philosophy. Locke.
3. Hence, characterized by excessive subtilty, or needlessly minute subdivisions; pedantic; formal.
SCHOLASTIC
Scho*las"tic, n.
1. One who adheres to the method or subtilties of the schools. Milton.
2. (R.C.Ch.)
Defn: See the Note under Jesuit.
SCHOLASTICAL
Scho*las"tic*al, a. & n.
Defn: Scholastic.
SCHOLASTICALLY
Scho*las"tic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scholastic manner.
SCHOLASTICISM
Scho*las"ti*cism, n.
Defn: The method or subtitles the schools of philosophy; scholastic formality; scholastic doctrines or philosophy. The spirit of the old scholasticism . . . spurned laborious investigation and slow induction. J. P. Smith.
SCHOLIA
Scho"li*a, n. pl.
Defn: See Scholium.
SCHOLIAST
Scho"li*ast, n. Etym: [Gr. scoliate. See Scholium.]
Defn: A maker of scholia; a commentator or annotator. No . . . quotations from Talmudists and scholiasts . . . ever marred the effect of his grave temperate discourses. Macaulay.
SCHOLIASTIC
Scho`li*as"tic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a scholiast, or his pursuits. Swift.
SCHOLIAZE
Scho"li*aze, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Gr.
Defn: To write scholia. [Obs.] Milton.
SCHOLICAL
Schol"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. scholicus, Gr. School.]
Defn: Scholastic. [Obs.] ales.
SCHOLION
Scho"li*on, n. Etym: [NL.]
Defn: A scholium. A judgment which follows immediately from another is sometimes called a corollary, or consectary . . . One which illustrates the science where it appears, but is not an integral part of it, is a scholion. Abp. Thomson (Laws of Thought).
SCHOLIUM
Scho"li*um, n.; pl. L. Scholia, E. Scholiums. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.
School.]
1. Marginal anotation; an explanatory remark or comment; specifically, an explanatory comment on the text of a classic author by an early grammarian.
2. A remark or observation subjoined to a demonstration or a train of reasoning.
SCHOLY
Scho"ly, n.
Defn: A scholium. [Obs.] Hooker.
SCHOLY
Scho"ly, v. i. & t.
Defn: To write scholia; to annotate. [Obs.]
SCHOOL School, n. Etym: [For shool a crowd; prob. confuced with school for learning.]
Defn: A shoal; a multitude; as, a school of fish.
SCHOOL
School, n. Etym: [OE. scole, AS. sc, L. schola, Gr. Scheme.]
1. A place for learned intercourse and instruction; an institution for learning; an educational establishment; a place for acquiring knowledge and mental training; as, the school of the prophets. Disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus. Acts xix. 9.
2. A place of primary instruction; an establishment for the instruction of children; as, a primary school; a common school; a grammar school. As he sat in the school at his primer. Chaucer.
3. A session of an institution of instruction. How now, Sir Hugh! No school to-day Shak.
4. One of the seminaries for teaching logic, metaphysics, and theology, which were formed in the Middle Ages, and which were characterized by academical disputations and subtilties of reasoning. At Cambridge the philosophy of Descartes was still dominant in the schools. Macaulay.
5. The room or hall in English universities where the examinations for degrees and honors are held.
6. An assemblage of scholars; those who attend upon instruction in a school of any kind; a body of pupils. What is the great community of Christians, but one of the innumerable schools in the vast plan which God has instituted for the education of various intelligences Buckminster.
7. The disciples or followers of a teacher; those who hold a common doctrine, or accept the same teachings; a sect or denomination in philosophy, theology, science, medicine, politics, etc. Let no man be less confident in his faith . . . by reason of any difference in the several schools of Christians. Jer. Taylor.
8. The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or practice, sanctioned by the authority of a particular class or age; as, he was a gentleman of the old school. His face pale but striking, though not handsome after the schools. A. S. Hardy.
9. Figuratively, any means of knowledge or discipline; as, the school of experience. Boarding school, Common school, District school, Normal school, etc. See under Boarding, Common, District, etc. — High school, a free public school nearest the rank of a college. [U.S.] — School board, a corporation established by law in every borough or parish in England, and elected by the burgesses or ratepayers, with the duty of providing public school accomodation for all children in their dictrict. — School commitee, School board, an elected commitee of citizens having charge and care of the public schools in any district, town, or city, and responsible control of the money appropriated for school purposes. [U.S.] — School days, the period in which youth are sent to school. — School district, a division of a town or city for establishing and conducting schools. [U.S.] — Sunday school, or Sabbath school, a school held on Sunday for study of the Bible and for religious instruction; the pupils, or the teachers and pupils, of such a school, collectively.
SCHOOL
School, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schooled; p. pr. & vb. n. Schooling.]
1. To train in an institution of learning; to educate at a school; to teach. He's gentle, never schooled, and yet learned. Shak.
2. To tutor; to chide and admonish; to reprove; to subject to systematic disciplene; to train. It now remains for you to school your child, And ask why God's Anointed be reviled. Dryden. The mother, while loving her child with the intensity of a sole affection, had schooled herself to hope for little other return than the waywardness of an April breeze. Hawthorne.
SCHOOLBOOK
School"book`, n.
Defn: A book used in schools for learning lessons.
SCHOOLBOY
School"boy`, n.
Defn: A boy belonging to, or attending, a school.
SCHOOLDAME
School"dame`. n.
Defn: A schoolmistress.
SCHOOLERY
School"er*y (, n.
Defn: Something taught; precepts; schooling. [Obs.] penser.
SCHOOLFELLOW
School"fel`low, n.
Defn: One bred at the same school; an associate in school.
SCHOOLGIRL
School"girl`, n.
Defn: A girl belonging to, or attending, a school.
SCHOOLHOUSE
School"house`, n.
Defn: A house appropriated for the use of a school or schools, or for instruction.
SCHOOLING
School"ing, n.
1. Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of learning; act of teaching.
2. Discipline; reproof; reprimand; as, he gave his son a good schooling. Sir W. Scott.
3. Compensation for instruction; price or reward paid to an instructor for teaching pupils.
SCHOOLING
School"ing, a. Etym: [See School a shoal.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Collecting or running in schools or shoals.
Schooling species like the herring and menhaden. G. B. Goode.
SCHOOLMA'AM
School"ma'am, n.
Defn: A schoolmistress. [Colloq.U.S.]
SCHOOLMAID
School"maid`, n.
Defn: A schoolgirl. Shak.
SCHOOLMAN
School"man`, n.; pl. Schoolmen (.
Defn: One versed in the niceties of academical disputation or of school divinity.
Note: The schoolmen were philosophers and divines of the Middle Ages, esp. from the 11th century to the Reformation, who spent much time on points of nice and abstract speculation. They were so called because they taught in the mediæval universities and schools of divinity.
SCHOOLMASTER
School"mas`ter, n.
1. The man who presides over and teaches a school; a male teacher of a school. Let the soldier be abroad if he will; he can do nothing in this age. There is another personage abroad, — a person less imposing, — in the eyes of some, perhaps, insignificant. The schoolmaster is abroad; and I trust to him, armed with his primer, against the soldier in full military array. Brougham.
2. One who, or that which, disciplines and directs. The law was our schoolmaster, to bring us into Christ. Gal. iii. 24.
SCHOOLMATE
School"mate`, n.
Defn: A pupil who attends the same school as another.
SCHOOLMISTRESS
School"mis`tress, n.
Defn: A woman who governs and teaches a school; a female school- teacher.
SCHOOLROOM
School"room`, n.
Defn: A room in which pupils are taught.
SCHOOLSHIP
School"ship`, n.
Defn: A vessel employed as a nautical training school, in which naval apprentices receive their education at the expense of the state, and are trained for service as sailors. Also, a vessel used as a reform school to which boys are committed by the courts to be disciplined, and instructed as mariners.
SCHOOL-TEACHER
School"-teach`er, n.
Defn: One who teaches or instructs a school.
— School"-teach`ing, n.
SCHOOLWARD
School"ward, adv.
Defn: Toward school. Chaucer.
SCHOONER
Schoon"er, n. Etym: [See the Note below. Cf. Shun.] (Naut.)
Defn: Originally, a small, sharp-built vessel, with two topsails on one or both masts and was called a topsail schooner. About 1840, longer vesels with three masts, fore-and-aft rigged, came into use, and since that time vesels with four masts and even with six masts, so rigged, are built. Schooners with more than two masts are designated three-masted schooners, four-masted schooners, etc. See Illustration in Appendix.
Note: The fist schooner ever constructed is said to have between built in Gloucester, Massachusetts, about theyar 1713, by a Captain Andrew Robinson, and to have received its name from the following trivial circumstance: When the vessel went off the stocks into the water, a bystander cried out,"O, how she scoons!" Robinson replied, " A scooner let her be;" and, from that time, vessels thus masted and rigged have gone by this name. The word scoon is popularly used in some parts of New England to denote the act of making stones skip along the surface of water. The Scottish scon means the same thing. Both words are probably allied to the Icel. skunda, skynda, to make haste, hurry, AS. scunian to avoid, shun, Prov. E. scun. In the New England records, the word appears to have been originally written scooner. Babson, in his "History of Gloucester," gives the following extract from a letter written in that place Sept. 25, 1721, by Dr. Moses Prince, brother of the Rev. Thomas Prince, the annalist of New England: "This gentleman (Captain Robinson) was first contriver of schooners, and built the first of that sort about eight years since."
SCHOONER
Schoon"er, n. Etym: [D.]
Defn: A large goblet or drinking glass, — used for lager beer or ale. [U.S.]
SCHORL
Schorl (shôrl), n. Etym: [G. schörl; cf. Sw. skörl.] (Min.)
Defn: Black tourmaline. [Written also shorl.]
SCHORLACEOUS
Schor*la"ceous, a.
Defn: Partaking of the nature and character of schorl; resembling schorl.
SCHORLOUS
Schorl"ous, a.
Defn: Schorlaceous.
SCHORLY
Schorl"y, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, schorl; as, schorly granite.
SCHOTTISH; SCHOTTISCHE
Schot"tish, Schot"tische, (, n. Etym: [F. schottish, schotisch from
G. schottisch Scottish, Scotch.]
Defn: A Scotch round dance in 2-4 time, similar to the polka, only slower; also, the music for such a dance; — not to be confounded with the Écossaise.
SCHREIBERSITE
Schrei"bers*ite, n. Etym: [Named after Carl von Schreibers, of
Vienna.] (Min.)
Defn: A mineral occurring in steel-gray flexible folia. It contains iron, nickel, and phosphorus, and is found only in meteoric iron.
SCHRODE
Schrode, n.
Defn: See Scrod.
SCHWANN'S SHEATH Schwann's" sheath`. Etym: [So called from Theodor Schwann, a German anatomist of the 19th century.] (Anat.)
Defn: The neurilemma.
SCHWANN'S WHITE SUBSTANCE
Schwann's white" sub"stance. (Anat.)
Defn: The substance of the medullary sheath.
SCHWANPAN
Schwan"pan`, n.
Defn: Chinese abacus.
SCHWEITZERKASE; SCHWEITZERKAESE
Schweit"zer*kä"se, n. Etym: [G. schweizerkäse Swiss cheese.]
Defn: Gruyère cheese.
SCHWENKFELDER; SCHWENKFELDIAN
Schwenk"feld`er, Schwenk"feld`i*an, n.
Defn: A member of a religious sect founded by Kaspar von Schwenkfeld, a Silesian reformer who disagreed with Luther, especially on the deification of the body of Christ.
SCIAENOID
Sci*æ"noid, a. Etym: [L. sciæna a kind of fish (fr. Gr. -oid.]
(Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Sciænidæ, a family of marine fishes which includes the meagre, the squeteague, and the kingfish.
SCIAGRAPH
Sci"a*graph, n. Etym: [See Sciagraphy.]
1. (Arch.)
Defn: An old term for a vertical section of a building; — called also sciagraphy. See Vertical section, under Section.
2. (Phys.)
Defn: A radiograph. [Written also skiagraph.]
SCIAGRAPHICAL
Sci`a*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. sciagraphique, Gr.
Defn: Pertaining to sciagraphy.
— Sci`a*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
SCIAGRAPHY
Sci*ag"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. sciagraphie.]
1. The art or science of projecting or delineating shadows as they fall in nature. Gwilt.
2. (Arch.)
Defn: Same as Siagraph.
SCIAMACHY
Sci*am"a*chy, n.
Defn: See Sciomachy.
SCIATHERIC; SCIATHERICAL
Sci`a*ther"ic, Sci`a*ther"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Belonging to a sundial. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
— Sci`a*ther"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.] J. Gregory.
SCIATIC Sci*at"ic, a. Etym: [F. sciatique, LL. sciaticus, from L. inschiadicus, Gr. Ischiadic.] (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the hip; in the region of, or affecting, the hip; ischial; ischiatic; as, the sciatic nerve, sciatic pains.
SCIATIC
Sci*at"ic, n. Etym: [Cf. F. sciatique.] (Med.)
Defn: Sciatica.
SCIATICA
Sci*at"i*ca, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)
Defn: Neuralgia of the sciatic nerve, an affection characterized by paroxysmal attacks of pain in the buttock, back of the thing, or in the leg or foot, following the course of the branches of the sciatic nerve. The name is also popularly applied to various painful affections of the hip and the parts adjoininhg. See Ischiadic passion, under Ischiadic.
SCIATICAL
Sci*at"ic*al, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Sciatic.
SCIATICALLY
Sci*at"ic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: With, or by means of, sciatica.
SCIBBOLETH
Scib"bo*leth, n.
Defn: Shibboleth. [Obs.]
SCIENCE Sci"ence, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. scientia, fr. sciens, -entis, p.pr. of scire to know. Cf. Conscience, Conscious, Nice.]
1. Knowledge; lnowledge of principles and causes; ascertained truth of facts. If we conceive God's or science, before the creation, to be extended to all and every part of the world, seeing everything as it is, . . . his science or sight from all eternity lays no necessity on anything to come to pass. Hammond. Shakespeare's deep and accurate science in mental philosophy. Coleridge.
2. Accumulated and established knowledge, which has been systematized and formulated with reference to the discovery of general truths or the operation of general laws; knowledge classified and made available in work, life, or the search for truth; comprehensive, profound, or philosophical knowledge. All this new science that men lere [teach]. Chaucer. Science is . . . a complement of cognitions, having, in point of form, the character of logical perfection, and in point of matter, the character of real truth. Sir W. Hamilton.
3. Especially, such knowledge when it relates to the physical world and its phenomena, the nature, constitution, and forces of matter, the qualities and function of living tissues, etc.; — called also natural science, and physical science. Voltaire hardly left a single corner of the field entirely unexplored in science, poetry, history, philosophy. J. Morley.
4. Any branch or departament of systematized knowledge considered as a distinct field of investigation or object of study; as, the science of astronomy, of chemistry, or of mind.
Note: The ancients reckoned seven sciences, namely, grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy; — the first three being included in the Trivium, the remaining four in the Quadrivium. Good sense, which only is the gift of Heaven, And though no science, fairly worth the seven. Pope.
5. Art, skill, or expertness, regarded as the result of knowledge of laws and principles. His science, coolness, and great strength. G. A. Lawrence.
Note: Science is applied or pure. Applied science is a knowledge of facts, events, or phenomena, as explained, accounted for, or produced, by means of powers, causes, or laws. Pure science is the knowledge of these powers, causes, or laws, considered apart, or as pure from all applications. Both these terms have a similar and special signification when applied to the science of quantity; as, the applied and pure mathematics. Exact science is knowledge so systematized that prediction and verification, by measurement, experiment, observation, etc., are possible. The mathematical and physical sciences are called the exact sciences. Comparative sciences, Inductive sciences. See under Comparative, and Inductive.
Syn. — Literature; art; knowledge. — Science, Literature, Art. Science is literally knowledge, but more usually denotes a systematic and orderly arrangement of knowledge. In a more distinctive sense, science embraces those branches of knowledge of which the subject-matter is either ultimate principles, or facts as explained by principles or laws thus arranged in natural order. The term literature sometimes denotes all compositions not embraced under science, but usually confined to the belles-lettres. [See Literature.] Art is that which depends on practice and skill in performance. "In science, scimus ut sciamus; in art, scimus ut producamus. And, therefore, science and art may be said to be investigations of truth; but one, science, inquires for the sake of knowledge; the other, art, for the sake of production; and hence science is more concerned with the higher truths, art with the lower; and science never is engaged, as art is, in productive application. And the most perfect state of science, therefore, will be the most high and accurate inquiry; the perfection of art will be the most apt and efficient system of rules; art always throwing itself into the form of rules." Karslake.
SCIENCE
Sci"ence, v. t.
Defn: To cause to become versed in science; to make skilled; to instruct. [R.] Francis.
SCIENT
Sci"ent, a. Etym: [L. sciens, -entis, p.pr.]
Defn: Knowing; skillful. [Obs.] Cockeram.
SCIENTER
Sci*en"ter, adv. Etym: [L.] (Law)
Defn: Knowingly; willfully. Bouvier.
SCIENTIAL
Sci*en"tial, a. Etym: [LL. scientialis, fr. L. scientic.]
Defn: Pertaining to, or producing, science. [R.] Milton.
SCIENTIFIC Sci`en*tif"ic, a. Etym: [F. scientifique; L. scientia science + facere to make.]
1. Of or pertaining to science; used in science; as, scientific principles; scientific apparatus; scientific observations.
2. Agreeing with, or depending on, the rules or principles of science; as, a scientific classification; a scientific arrangement of fossils.
3. Having a knowledge of science, or of a science; evincing science or systematic knowledge; as, a scientific chemist; a scientific reasoner; a scientific argument. Bossuet is as scientific in the structure of his sentences. Lander. Scientific method, the method employed in exact science and consisting of: (a) Careful and abundant observation and experiment. (b) generalization of the results into formulated "Laws" and statements.
SCIENTIFICAL
Sci`en*tif"ic*al, a.
Defn: Scientific. Locke.
SCIENTIFICALLY
Sci`en*tif"ic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scientific manner; according to the rules or principles of
science.
It is easier to believe than to be scientifically instructed. Locke.
SCIENTIST
Sci"en*tist, n.
Defn: One learned in science; a scientific investigator; one devoted to scientific study; a savant. [Recent]
Note: Twenty years ago I ventured to propose one [a name for the class of men who give their lives to scientific study] which has been slowly finding its way to general adoption; and the word scientist, though scarcely euphonious, has gradually assumed its place in our vocabulary. B. A. Gould (Address, 1869).
SCILICET
Scil"i*cet, adv. Etym: [L., fr. scire licet you may know.]
Defn: To wit; namely; videlicet; — often abbreviated to sc., or ss.
SCILLAIN
Scil"la*in, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A glucoside extracted from squill (Scilla) as a light porous substance.
SCILLITIN
Scil"li*tin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. scilistine.] (Chem.)
Defn: A bitter principle extracted from the bulbs of the squill (Scilla), and probably consisting of a complex mixture of several substances.
SCIMITER; SCIMITAR
Scim"i*ter , Scim"i*tar, n. Etym: [F. cimeterre, cf. It. scimitarra,
Sp. cimitarra; fr. Biscayan cimetarry with a sharp edge; or corrupted
from Per. shimshir.]
1. A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex side, — in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians. [Written also cimeter, and scymetar.]
2. A long-handled billhook. See Billhook. Scimiter pods (Bot.), the immense curved woody pods of a leguminous woody climbing plant (Entada scandens) growing in tropical India and America. They contain hard round flattish seeds two inches in diameter, which are made into boxes.
SCINCOID
Scin"coid, a. Etym: [L. scincus a kind of lizard (fr. Gr. -oid. Cf.
Skink.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the family Scincidæ, or skinks.
— n.
Defn: A scincoidian.
SCINCOIDEA
Scin*coi"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A tribe of lizards including the skinks. See Skink.
SCINCOIDIAN
Scin*coid"i*an, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of lizards of the family Scincidæ or tribe Scincoidea. The tongue is not extensile. The body and tail are covered with overlapping scales, and the toes are margined. See Illust. under Skink.
SCINIPH
Scin"iph, n. Etym: [L. scinifes, cinifes, or ciniphes, pl., Gr.
Defn: Some kind of stinging or biting insect, as a flea, a gnat, a sandly, or the like. Ex. viii. 17 (Douay version).
SCINK
Scink, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A skink.
SCINK
Scink, n.
Defn: A slunk calf. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
SCINTILLA
Scin*til"la, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: A spark; the least particle; an iota; a tittle. R. North.
SCINTILLANT Scin"til*lant, a. Etym: [L. scintillans, p.pr. of scintillare to sparkle. See Scintillate.]
Defn: Emitting sparks, or fine igneous particles; sparkling. M.
Green.
SCINTILLATE
Scin"til*late, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scintillated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Scintillating.] Etym: [L. scintillare, scintillatum, from scintilla a
spark. Cf. Stencil.]
1. To emit sparks, or fine igneous particles. As the electrical globe only scintillates when rubbed against its cushion. Sir W. Scott.
2. To sparkle, as the fixed stars.
SCINTILLATION
Scin`til*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. scintillatio: cf. F. scintillation.]
1. The act of scintillating.
2. A spark of flash emitted in scintillating. These scintillations are . . . the inflammable effluences discharged from the bodies collided. Sir T. Browne.
SCINTILLOUS
Scin"til*lous, a.
Defn: Scintillant. [R.]
SCINTILLOUSLY
Scin"til*lous*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scintillant manner. [R.]
SCIOGRAPHY
Sci*og"ra*phy, n.
Defn: See Sciagraphy.
SCIOLISM
Sci"o*lism, n. Etym: [See Sciolist.]
Defn: The knowledge of a sciolist; superficial knowledge.
SCIOLIST
Sci"o*list, n. Etym: [L. sciolus. See Sciolous.]
Defn: One who knows many things superficially; a pretender to science; a smatterer. These passages in that book were enough to humble the presumption of our modern sciolists, if their pride were not as great as their ignorance. Sir W. Temple. A master were lauded and scolists shent. R. Browning.
SCIOLISTIC
Sci`o*lis"tic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to sciolism, or a sciolist; partaking of sciolism; resembling a sciolist.
SCIOLOUS Sci"o*lous, a. Etym: [L. scilus, dim. of scius knowing, fr. scire to know. See Science.]
Defn: Knowing superficially or imperfectly. Howell.
SCIOMACHY
Sci*om"a*chy, n. Etym: [Gr. sciomachie, sciamachie.]
Defn: A fighting with a shadow; a mock contest; an imaginary or futile combat. [Written also scimachy.] Cowley.
SCIOMANCY
Sci"o*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. -mancy: cf. F. sciomance, scaimancie.]
Defn: Divination by means of shadows.
SCION
Sci"on, n. Etym: [OF. cion, F. scion, probably fron scier to saw, fr.
L. secare to cut. Cf. Section.]
1. (Bot.) (a) A shoot or sprout of a plant; a sucker. (b) A piece of a slender branch or twig cut for grafting. [Formerly written also cion, and cyon.]
2. Hence, a descendant; an heir; as, a scion of a royal stock.
SCIOPTIC
Sci*op"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. scioptique. See Optic.] (Opt.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to an optical arrangement for forming images in a darkened room, usually called scioptic ball. Scioptic ball (Opt.), the lens of a camera obscura mounted in a wooden ball which fits a socket in a window shutter so as to be readily turned, like the eye, to different parts of the landscape.
SCIOPTICON
Sci*op"ti*con, n. Etym: [NL. See Scioptic.]
Defn: A kind of magic lantorn.
SCIOPTICS
Sci*op"tics, n.
Defn: The art or process of exhibiting luminous images, especially those of external objects, in a darkened room, by arrangements of lenses or mirrors.
SCIOPTRIC
Sci*op"tric, a. (Opt.)
Defn: Scioptic.
SCIOT
Sci"ot, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the island Scio (Chio or Chios).
— n.
Defn: A native or inhabitant of Scio. [Written also Chiot.]
SCIOTHERIC
Sci`o*ther"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. L. sciothericon Sciatheric.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to a sundial. Sciotheric telescope (Dialing), an instrument consisting of a horizontal dial, with a telescope attached to it, used for determining the time, whether of day or night.
SCIOUS
Sci"ous, a. Etym: [L. scius.]
Defn: Knowing; having knowledge. "Brutes may be and are scious."
Coleridge.
SCIRE FACIAS
Sci`re fa"ci*as. Etym: [L., do you cause to know.] (Law)
Defn: A judicial writ, founded upon some record, and requiring the party proceeded against to show cause why the party bringing it should not have advantage of such record, or (as in the case of scire facias to repeal letters patent) why the record should not be annulled or vacated. Wharton. Bouvier.
SCIRRHOID
Scir"rhoid, a. Etym: [Scirhus + -oid.]
Defn: Resembling scirrhus. Dungliston.
SCIRRHOSITY
Scir*rhos"i*ty, n. (Med.)
Defn: A morbid induration, as of a gland; stste of being scirrhous.
SCIRRHOUS
Scir"rhous, a. Etym: [NL. scirrhosus.] (Med.)
Defn: Proceeding from scirrhus; of the nature of scirrhus; indurated; knotty; as, scirrhous affections; scirrhous disease. [Written also skirrhous.]
SCIRRHUS Scir"rhus, n.; pl. L. Scirrhi, E. Scirrhuses. Etym: [NL., from L. scirros, Gr. (Med.) (a) An indurated organ or part; especially, an indurated gland. [Obs.] (b) A cancerous tumor which is hard, translucent, of a gray or bluish color, and emits a creaking sound when incised. [Sometimes incorrectly written schirrus; written also skirrhus.]
SCISCITATION Scis`ci*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. sciscitatio, fr. sciscere to seek to know, v. incho. from scire to know.]
Defn: The act of inquiring; inquiry; demand. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
SCISE
Scise, v. i. Etym: [L. scindere, scissum, to cut, split.]
Defn: To cut; to penetrate. [Obs.]
The wicked steel scised deep in his right side. Fairfax.
SCISSEL
Scis"sel, n. Etym: [Cf. Scissile.]
1. The clippings of metals made in various mechanical operations.
2. The slips or plates of metal out of which circular balnks have been cut for the purpose of coinage.
SCISSIBLE
Scis"si*ble, a. Etym: [L. scindere, scissum, to
Defn: Capable of being cut or divided by a sharp instrument. [R.] con.
SCISSIL
Scis"sil, n.
Defn: See Scissel.
SCISSILE Scis"sile, a. Etym: [L. scissilis, fr. scindere, scissum, to cut, to split: cf. F. scissile. See Schism.]
Defn: Capable of being cut smoothly; scissible. [R.] Arbuthnot.
SCISSION Scis"sion, n. Etym: [L. scissio, fr. scindere, scis, to cut, to split: cf. F. scission.]
Defn: The act of dividing with an instrument having a sharp edge.
Wiseman.
SCISSIPARITY Scis`si*par"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. scissus (p.p. of scindere to split) + parere to bring forth: cf.F. scissiparité.] (Biol.)
Defn: Reproduction by fission.
SCISSOR
Scis"sor, v. t.
Defn: To cut with scissors or shears; to prepare with the aid of scissors. Massinger.
SCISSORS Scis"sors, n. pl. Etym: [OE. sisoures, OF. cisoires (cf. F. ciseaux), probably fr. LL. cisorium a cutting instrument, fr. L. caedere to cut. Cf. Chisel, Concise. The modern spelling is due to a mistaken derivation from L. scissor one who cleaves or divides, fr. scindere, scissum, to cut, spilt.]
Defn: A cutting instrument resembling shears, but smaller, consisting of two cutting blades with handles, movable on a pin in the center, by which they are held together. Often called a pair of scissors. [Formerly written also cisors, cizars, and scissars.] Scissors grinder (Zoöl.), the European goatsucker. [Prov. Eng.]
SCISSORSBILL
Scis"sors*bill`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Skimmer.
SCISSORSTAIL
Scis"sors*tail`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A tyrant flycatcher (Milvulus forficatus) of the Southern United States and Mexico, which has a deeply forked tail. It is light gray above, white beneath, salmon on the flanks, and fiery red at the base of the crown feathers.
SCISSORS-TAILED
Scis"sors-tailed`, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the outer feathers much the longest, the others decreasing regularly to the median ones.
SCISSURE Scis"sure, n. Etym: [L. scissura, from scindere, scissum, to cut, spilt.]
Defn: A longitudinal opening in a body, made by cutting; a cleft; a fissure. Hammond.
SCITAMINEOUS Scit`a*min"e*ous, a. Etym: [NL. sciamineosus, fr. Scitamineze, fr. L. scitamentum a delicacy, dainty.] (Bot.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Scitamimeæ), mostly tropical herbs, including the ginger, Indian shot, banana, and the plants producing turmeric and arrowroot.
SCIURINE
Sci"u*rine, a. Etym: [Cf. F. sciurien. See Sciurus.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Squirrel family.
— n.
Defn: A rodent of the Squirrel family.
SCIUROID
Sci"u*roid, a. Etym: [Sciurus + -oid.] (Bot.)
Defn: Resembling the tail of a squirrel; — generally said of branches which are close and dense, or of spikes of grass like barley.
SCIUROMORPHA
Sci`u*ro*mor"pha, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. sciurus squirrel + Gr.
(Zoöl.)
Defn: A tribe of rodents containing the squirrels and allied animals, such as the gophers, woodchucks, beavers, and others.
SCIURUS
Sci*u"rus, n. Etym: [L., a squirrel, Gr. Squirrel.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of reodents comprising the common squirrels.
SCLAFF
Sclaff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sclaffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Sclaffing.]
[Orig. uncert.]
1. To scuff or shuffle along. [Scot.]
2. (Golf) To scrape the ground with the sole of the club, before striking the ball, in making a stroke.
SCLAFF
Sclaff, n. [Scot.]
1. A slight blow; a slap; a soft fall; also, the accompanying noise.
2. (Golf) The stroke made by one who sclaffs.
3. A thin, solid substance, esp. a thin shoe or slipper.
SCLAFF
Sclaff, v. t. (Golf)
Defn: To scrape (the club) on the ground, in a stroke, before hitting the ball; also, to make (a stroke) in that way.
SCLAUNDRE
Sclaun"dre, n.
Defn: Slander. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SCLAV; SCLAVE
Sclav, Sclave, n.
Defn: Same as Slav.
SCLAVIC
Sclav"ic, a.
Defn: Same as Slavic.
SCLAVISM
Sclav"ism, n.
Defn: Same as Slavism.
SCLAVONIAN
Scla*vo"nian, a. & n.
Defn: Same as Slavonian.
SCLAVONIC
Scla*von"ic, a.
Defn: Same as Slavonic.
SCLENDER
Sclen"der, a.
Defn: Slender. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SCLERAGOGY
Scler"a*go`gy, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Severe discipline. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.
SCLEREMA
Scle*re"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: Induration of the cellular tissue. Sclerema of adults. See Scleroderma. — Sclerema neonatorum ( Etym: [NL., of the newborn], an affection characterized by a peculiar hardening and rigidity of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues in the newly born. It is usually fatal. Called also skinbound disease.
SCLERENCHYMA
Scle*ren"chy*ma, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. -enchyma as in parenchyma.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: Vegetable tissue composed of short cells with thickened or hardened walls, as in nutshells and the gritty parts of a pear. See Sclerotic.
Note: By recent german writers and their English translation, this term is used for liber cells. Goodale.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The hard calcareous deposit in the tissues of Anthozoa, constituing the stony corals.
SCLERENCHYMATOUS
Scler`en*chym"a*tous, a. (Bot. & Zoöl.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or composed of, sclerenchyma.
SCLERENCHYME
Scle*ren"chyme, n.
Defn: Sclerenchyma.
SCLERIASIS Scle*ri"a*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. gr. (Med.) (a) A morbid induration of the edge of the eyelid. (b) Induration of any part, including scleroderma.
SCLERITE
Scle"rite, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A hard chitinous or calcareous process or corpuscle, especially a spicule of the Alcyonaria.
SCLERITIS
Scle*ri"tis, n. Etym: [NL.]
Defn: See Sclerottis.
SCLEROBASE
Scler"o*base ( or ), n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The calcareous or hornlike coral forming the central stem or
axis of most compound alcyonarians; — called also foot secretion.
See Illust. under Gorgoniacea, and Coenenchyma.
— Scler`o*ba"sic, a.
SCLERODERM Scler"o*derm ( or ; 277), n. Etym: [Gr. scléroderme.] (a) (Zoöl.) One of a tribe of plectognath fishes (Sclerodermi) having the skin covered with hard scales, or plates, as the cowfish and the trunkfish. (b) One of the Sclerodermata. (c) Hardened, or bony, integument of various animals.
SCLERODERMA
Scler`o*der"ma, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)
Defn: A disease of adults, characterized by a diffuse rigidity and hardness of the skin.
SCLERODERMATA
Scler`o*der"ma*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The stony corals; the Madreporaria.
SCLERODERMIC; SCLERODERMOUS Scler`o*der"mic, Scler`o*der"mous, (Zoöl.) (a) Having the integument, or skin, hard, or covered with hard plates. (b) Of or pertaining to the Sclerodermata.
SCLERODERMITE Scler`o*der"mite, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The hard integument of Crustacea. (b) Sclerenchyma.
SCLEROGEN
Scler"o*gen ( or ), n. Etym: [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -gen.] (Bot.)
Defn: The thickening matter of woody cells; lignin.
SCLEROGENOUS
Scle*rog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -genous.] (Anat.)
Defn: Making or secreting a hard substance; becoming hard.
SCLEROID
Scle"roid, a. Etym: [Gr. sklhro`s hard + (Bot.)
Defn: Having a hard texture, as nutshells.
SCLEROMA
Scle*ro"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. sklhro`s hard + -oma.] (Med.)
Defn: Induration of the tissues. See Sclerma, Scleroderma, and
Sclerosis.
SCLEROMETER
Scle*rom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -meter.]
Defn: An instrument for determining with accuracy the degree of hardness of a mineral.
SCLEROSED
Scle*rosed", a.
Defn: Affected with sclerosis.
SCLEROSIS
Scle*ro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (sklhro`s hard.]
1. (Med.)
Defn: Induration; hardening; especially, that form of induration produced in an organ by increase of its interstitial connective tissue.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: Hardening of the cell wall by lignification. Cerebro-spinal sclerosis (Med.), an affection in which patches of hardening, produced by increase of the neuroglia and atrophy of the true nerve tissue, are found scattered throughout the brain and spinal cord. It is associated with complete or partial paralysis, a peculiar jerking tremor of the muscles, headache, and vertigo, and is usually fatal. Called also multiple, disseminated, or insular, sclerosis.
SCLEROSKELETON
Scle`ro*skel"e*ton, n. Etym: [Gr. skeleton.] (Anat.)
Defn: That part of the skeleton which is developed in tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses.
SCLEROTAL
Scle*ro"tal, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Sclerotic.
— n.
Defn: The optic capsule; the sclerotic coat of the eye. Owen.
SCLEROTIC
Scle*rot"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. sclérotique.]
1. Hard; firm; indurated; — applied especially in anatomy to the firm outer coat of the eyeball, which is often cartilaginous and sometimes bony.
2. (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the sclerotic coat of the eye; sclerotical.
3. (Med.) Affected with sclerosis; sclerosed. Sclerotic parenchyma (Bot.), sclerenchyma. By some writers a distinction is made, sclerotic parenchyma being applied to tissue composed of cells with the walls hardened but not thickened, and sclerenchyma to tissue composed of cells with the walls both hardened and thickened.
SCLEROTIC
Scle*rot"ic, n. Etym: [Cf. F. sclérotique.] (Anat.)
Defn: The sclerotic coat of the eye. See Illust. of Eye (d).
SCLEROTIC
Scle*rot"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from ergot or the sclerotium of a fungus growing on rye.
SCLEROTICAL
Scle*rot"ic*al, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Sclerotic.
SCLEROTITIS
Scler`o*ti"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Sclerotic, and -rris.] (Med.)
Defn: Inflammation of the sclerotic coat.
SCLEROTIUM
Scle*ro"ti*um, n.; pl. Sclerotia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A hardened body formed by certain fungi, as by the Claviceps purpurea, which produced ergot.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The nature or resting stage of a plasmodium.
SCLEROTOME
Scler"o*tome ( or ), n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the bony, cartilaginous, or membranous partitoins which
separate the myotomes.
— Scler`o*tom"ic, a.
SCLEROUS
Scle"rous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: Hard; indurated; sclerotic.
SCOAT
Scoat, v. t.
Defn: To prop; to scotch. [Prov. Eng.]
SCOBBY
Scob"by, n.
Defn: The chaffinch. [Prov. Eng.]
SCOBIFORM Scob"i*form, a. Etym: [L. scobs, or scobis, sawdust, scrapings + - form: cf. F. scobiforme.]
Defn: Having the form of, or resembling, sawdust or raspings.
SCOBS Scobs, n. sing. & pl. Etym: [L. scobs, or scobis, fr. scabere to scrape.]
1. Raspings of ivory, hartshorn, metals, or other hard substance. Chambers.
2. The dross of metals.
SCOFF Scoff, n. Etym: [OE. scof; akin to OFries. schof, OHG. scoph, Icel. skaup, and perh. to E. shove.]
1. Derision; ridicule; mockery; derisive or mocking expression of scorn, contempt, or reproach. With scoffs, and scorns, and contumelious taunts. Shak.
2. An object of scorn, mockery, or derision. The scoff of withered age and beardless youth. Cowper.
SCOFF
Scoff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scoffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scoffing.] Etym:
[Cf. Dan. skuffe to deceive, delude, Icel. skopa to scoff, OD.
schoppen. See Scoff, n.]
Defn: To show insolent ridicule or mockery; to manifest contempt by derisive acts or language; — often with at. Thuth from his lips prevailed with double sway, And fools who came to scoff, remained to pray. Goldsmith.
Syn.
— To sneer; mock; gibe; jeer. See Sneer.
SCOFF
Scoff, v. t.
Defn: To treat or address with derision; to assail scornfully; to
mock at.
To scoff religion is ridiculously proud and immodest. Glanwill.
SCOFFER
Scoff"er, n.
Defn: One who scoffs. 2 Pet. iii. 3.
SCOFFERY
Scoff"er*y, n.
Defn: The act of scoffing; scoffing conduct; mockery. Holinshed.
SCOFFINGLY
Scoff"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scoffing manner. Broome.
SCOKE
Scoke, n. (Bot.)
Defn: Poke (Phytolacca decandra).
SCOLAY
Sco*lay", v. i.
Defn: See Scoley. [Obs.]
SCOLD
Scold, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scolded; p. pr. & vb. n. Scolding.] Etym:
[Akin to D. schelden, G. schelten, OHG. sceltan, Dan. skielde.]
Defn: To find fault or rail with rude clamor; to brawl; to utter harsh, rude, boisterous rebuke; to chide sharply or coarsely; — often with at; as, to scold at a servant. Pardon me, lords, 't is the first time ever I was forced to scold. Shak.
SCOLD
Scold, v. t.
Defn: To chide with rudeness and clamor; to rate; also, to rebuke or reprove with severity.
SCOLD
Scold, n.
1. One who scolds, or makes a practice of scolding; esp., a rude, clamorous woman; a shrew. She is an irksome, brawling scold. Shak.
2. A scolding; a brawl.
SCOLDER
Scold"er, n.
1. One who scolds.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The oyster catcher; — so called from its shrill cries. (b) The old squaw. [Local U.S.]
SCOLDING
Scold"ing,
Defn: a. & n. from Scold, v. Scolding bridle, an iron frame. See
Brank, n., 2.
SCOLDINGLY
Scold"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scolding manner.
SCOLE
Scole, n.
Defn: School. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SCOLECIDA
Sco*le"ci*da ( or ), n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Scolex.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Helminthes.
SCOLECITE
Scol"e*cite ( or ; 277), n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)
Defn: A zeolitic mineral occuring in delicate radiating groups of white crystals. It is a hydrous silicate of aluminia and lime. Called also lime mesotype.
SCOLECOMORPHA
Sco*le`co*mor"pha (, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Solex, -morphous.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Scolecida.
SCOLEX Sco"lex, n.; pl. Scoleces. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) The embryo produced directly from the egg in a metagenetic series, especially the larva of a tapeworm or other parasitic worm. See Illust. of Echinococcus. (b) One of the Scolecida.
SCOLEY
Sco*ley", v. i. Etym: [Cf. OF. escoler to teach. See School.]
Defn: To go to school; to study. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SCOLIOSIS
Sco`li*o"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: A lateral curvature of the spine.
SCOLITHUS
Scol"i*thus ( or ), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)
Defn: A tubular structure found in Potsdam sandstone, and believed to be the fossil burrow of a marine worm.
SCOLLOP
Scol"lop, n. & v.
Defn: See Scallop.
SCOLOPACINE
Scol`o*pa"cine, a. Etym: [L. scolopax a snipe, Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Scolopacidæ, or Snipe family.
SCOLOPENDRA
Scol`o*pen"dra, n. Etym: [L., a kind of multiped, fr. Gr.
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of venomous myriapods including the centipeds. See
Centiped.
2. A sea fish. [R.] Spenser.
SCOLOPENDRINE
Scol`o*pen"drine, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Like or pertaining to the Scolopendra.
SCOLYTID
Scol"y*tid, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of small bark-boring beetles of the genus Scolytus and allied genera. Also used adjectively.
SCOMBER
Scom"ber, n. Etym: [L., a mackerel, Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of acanthopterygious fishes which includes the common mackerel.
SCOMBEROID
Scom"ber*oid, a. & n. Etym: [Cf. F. scomnéroïde.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Scombroid.
SCOMBRIFORMES
Scom`bri*for"mes, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A division of fishes including the mackerels, tunnies, and allied fishes.
SCOMBROID
Scom"broid, a. Etym: [Scomber + -oid.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Like or pertaining to the Mackerel family.
— n.
Defn: Any fish of the family Scombridæ, of which the mackerel
(Scomber) is the type.
SCOMFISH
Scom"fish ( or ), v. t. & i.
Defn: To suffocate or stifle; to smother. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
SCOMFIT
Scom"fit, n. & v.
Defn: Discomfit. [Obs.]
SCOMM
Scomm, n. Etym: [L. scomma a taunt, jeer, scoff, Gr.
1. A bufoon. [Obs.] L'Estrange.
2. A flout; a jeer; a gibe; a taunt. [Obs.] Fortherby.
SCONCE Sconce, n. Etym: [D. schans, OD. schantse, perhaps from OF. esconse a hiding place, akin to esconser to hide, L. absconsus, p. p. of abscondere. See Abscond, and cf. Ensconce, Sconce a candlestick.]
1. A fortification, or work for defense; a fort. No sconce or fortress of his raising was ever known either to have been forced, or yielded up, or quitted. Milton.
2. A hut for protection and shelter; a stall. One that . . . must raise a sconce by the highway and sell switches. Beau. & Fl.
3. A piece of armor for the head; headpiece; helmet. I must get a sconce for my head. Shak.
4. Fig.: The head; the skull; also, brains; sense; discretion. [Colloq.] To knock him about the sconce with a dirty shovel. Shak.
5. A poll tax; a mulct or fine. Johnson.
6. Etym: [OF. esconse a dark lantern, properly, a hiding place. See Etymol. above.]
Defn: A protection for a light; a lantern or cased support for a candle; hence, a fixed hanging or projecting candlestick. Tapers put into lanterns or sconces of several-colored, oiled paper, that the wind might not annoy them. Evelyn. Golden sconces hang not on the walls. Dryden.
7. Hence, the circular tube, with a brim, in a candlestick, into which the candle is inserted.
8. (Arch.)
Defn: A squinch.
9. A fragment of a floe of ice. Kane.
10. Etym: [Perhaps a different word.]
Defn: A fixed seat or shelf. [Prov. Eng.]
SCONCE
Sconce, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sconced; p. pr. & vb. n. Sconcing.]
1. To shut up in a sconce; to imprison; to insconce. [Obs.] Immure him, sconce him, barricade him in 't. Marston.
2. To mulct; to fine. [Obs.] Milton.
SCONCHEON
Scon"cheon, n. (Arch.)
Defn: A squinch.
SCONE
Scone, n.
Defn: A cake, thinner than a bannock, made of wheat or barley or oat meal. [Written variously, scon, skone, skon, etc.] [Scot.] Burns.
SCOOP
Scoop, n. Etym: [OE. scope, of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. skopa, akin to
D. schop a shovel, G. schüppe, and also to E. shove. See Shovel.]
1. A large ladle; a vessel with a long handle, used for dipping liquids; a utensil for bailing boats.
2. A deep shovel, or any similar implement for digging out and dipping or shoveling up anything; as, a flour scoop; the scoop of a dredging machine.
3. (Surg.)
Defn: A spoon-shaped instrument, used in extracting certain substances or foreign bodies.
4. A place hollowed out; a basinlike cavity; a hollow. Some had lain in the scoop of the rock. J. R. Drake.
5. A sweep; a stroke; a swoop.
6. The act of scooping, or taking with a scoop or ladle; a motion with a scoop, as in dipping or shoveling. Scoop net, a kind of hand net, used in fishing; also, a net for sweeping the bottom of a river. — Scoop wheel, a wheel for raising water, having scoops or buckets attached to its circumference; a tympanum.
SCOOP
Scoop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scooped; p. pr. & vb. n. Scooping.] Etym:
[OE. scopen. See Scoop, n.]
1. To take out or up with, a scoop; to lade out. He scooped the water from the crystal flood. Dryden.
2. To empty by lading; as, to scoop a well dry.
3. To make hollow, as a scoop or dish; to excavate; to dig out; to form by digging or excavation. Those carbuncles the Indians will scoop, so as to hold above a pint. Arbuthnot.
SCOOPER
Scoop"er, n.
1. One who, or that which scoops.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The avocet; — so called because it scoops up the mud to obtain food.
SCOOT
Scoot, v. i.
Defn: To walk fast; to go quickly; to run hastily away. [Colloq. &
Humorous, U.S.]
SCOPARIN
Sco"pa*rin, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A yellow gelatinous or crystalline substance found in broom
(Cytisus scoparius) accompanying sparteïne.
SCOPATE
Sco"pate, a. Etym: [L. scopae, scopa, a broom.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the surface closely covered with hairs, like a brush.
-SCOPE -scope (. Etym: [Gr. skopo`s a watcher, spy. See Scope.]
Defn: A combining form usually signifying an instrument for viewing (with the eye) or observing (in any way); as in microscope, telescope, altoscope, anemoscope.
SCOPE Scope, n. Etym: [It. scopo, L. scopos a mark, aim, Gr. skopo`s, a watcher, mark, aim; akin to spy. Cf. Skeptic, Bishop.]
1. That at which one aims; the thing or end to which the mind directs its view; that which is purposed to be reached or accomplished; hence, ultimate design, aim, or purpose; intention; drift; object. "Shooting wide, do miss the marked scope." Spenser. Your scope is as mine own, So to enforce or quality the laws As to your soul seems good. Shak. The scope of all their pleading against man's authority, is to overthrow such laws and constitutions in the church. Hooker.
2. Room or opportunity for free outlook or aim; space for action; amplitude of opportunity; free course or vent; liberty; range of view; intent, or action. Give him line and scope. Shak. In the fate and fortunes of the human race, scope is given to the operation of laws which man must always fail to discern the reasons of. I. Taylor. Excuse me if I have given too much scope to the reflections which have arisen in my mind. Burke. An intellectual cultivation of no moderate depth or scope. Hawthorne.
3. Extended area. [Obs.] "The scopes of land granted to the first adventurers." Sir J. Davies.
4. Length; extent; sweep; as, scope of cable. v. t. To look at for the purpose of evaluation; usu with out; as, to scope out the area as a camping site.
SCOPELINE
Sco"pe*line, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Scopeloid.
SCOPELOID
Sco"pe*loid, a. Etym: [NL. Scopelus, typical genus (fr. Gr. -oid.]
(Zoöl.)
Defn: Like or pertaining to fishes of the genus Scopelus, or family
Scopelodæ, which includes many small oceanic fishes, most of which
are phosphorescent.
— n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any fish of the family Scopelidæ.
SCOPIFEROUS
Sco*pif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. scopae, scopa + -ferous.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Bearing a tuft of brushlike hairs.
SCOPIFORM
Sco"pi*form, a. Etym: [L. scopae, scopa, a broom + -form.]
Defn: Having the form of a broom or besom. "Zeolite, stelliform or scopiform." Kirwan.
SCOPIPED Sco"pi*ped, n. Etym: [L. scopae, scopa, a broom + pes, pedis, a foot.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Scopuliped.
SCOPPET
Scop"pet, v. t. Etym: [From Scoop, v. t.]
Defn: To lade or dip out. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
SCOPS OWL
Scops" owl`. Etym: [NL. scops, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of small owls of the genus Scops
having ear tufts like those of the horned owls, especially the
European scops owl (Scops giu), and the American screech owl. (S.
Asio).
SCOPTIC; SCOPTICAL
Scop"tic, Scop"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Jesting; jeering; scoffing. [Obs.] South.
— Scop"tic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]
SCOPULA Scop"u*la, n.; pl. E. Scopulas, L. Scopulæ. Etym: [L. scopulae, pl. a little broom.] (Zoöl.) (a) A peculiar brushlike organ found on the foot of spiders and used in the construction of the web. (b) A special tuft of hairs on the leg of a bee.
SCOPULIPED Scop"u*li*ped, n. Etym: [L. scopulae, pl., a little broom (fr. scopae a broom) + pes, pedis, foot.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any species of bee which has on the hind legs a brush of hairs used for collecting pollen, as the hive bees and bumblebees.
SCOPULOUS
Scop"u*lous, a. Etym: [L. scopulosus, fr. scopulus a rock, Gr.
Defn: Full of rocks; rocky. [Obs.]
SCORBUTE
Scor"bute, n. Etym: [LL. scorbutus: cf. F. scorbut. See Scurvy, n.]
Defn: Scurry. [Obs.] Purchas.
SCORBUTIC; SCORBUTICAL
Scor*bu"tic, Scor*bu"tic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. scorbutique.] (Med.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to scurvy; of the nature of, or resembling,
scurvy; diseased with scurvy; as, a scorbutic person; scorbutic
complaints or symptoms.
— Scor*bu"tic*al*ly, adv.
SCORBUTUS
Scor*bu"tus, n. Etym: [LL. See Scorbute.] (Med.)
Defn: Scurvy.
SCORCE
Scorce, n.
Defn: Barter. [Obs.] See Scorse.
SCORCH Scorch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorched; p. pr. & vb. n. Scorching.] Etym: [OE. scorchen, probably akin to scorcnen; cf. Norw. skrokken shrunk up, skrekka, skrökka, to shrink, to become wrinkled up, dial. Sw. skråkkla to wrinkle (see Shrug); but perhaps influenced by OF. escorchier to strip the bark from, to flay, to skin, F. écorcher, LL. excorticare; L. ex from + cortex, -icis, bark (cf. Cork); because the skin falls off when scorched.]
1. To burn superficially; to parch, or shrivel, the surface of, by heat; to subject to so much heat as changes color and texture without consuming; as, to scorch linen. Summer drouth or singed air never scorch thy tresses fair. Milton.
2. To affect painfully with heat, or as with heat; to dry up with heat; to affect as by heat. Lashed by mad rage, and scorched by brutal fires. Prior.
3. To burn; to destroy by, or as by, fire. Power was given unto him to scorch men with fire. Rev. xvi. 8. The fire that scorches me to death. Dryden.
SCORCH
Scorch, v. i.
1. To be burnt on the surface; to be parched; to be dried up. Scatter a little mungy straw or fern amongst your seedlings, to prevent the roots from scorching. Mortimer.
2. To burn or be burnt. he laid his long forefinger on the scarlet letter, which forthwith seemed to scoch into Hester's breast, as if it had been red hot. Hawthorne.
SCORCHING
Scorch"ing, a.
Defn: Burning; parching or shriveling with heat.
— Scorch"ing*ly, adv.
— Scorch"ing*ness, n.
SCORE
Score, n. Etym: [AS. scor twenty, fr. sceran, scieran, to shear, cut,
divice; or rather the kindred Icel. skor incision, twenty, akin to
Dan. skure a notch, Sw. skåra. See Shear.]
1. A notch or incision; especially, one that is made as a tally mark; hence, a mark, or line, made for the purpose of account. Whereas, before, our forefathers had no other books but the score and the tally, thou hast caused printing to be used. Shak.
2. An account or reckoning; account of dues; bill; hence, indebtedness. He parted well, and paid his score. Shak.
3. Account; reason; motive; sake; behalf.
But left the trade, as many more Have lately done on the same score.
Hudibras.
You act your kindness in Cydria's score. Dryden.
4. The number twenty, as being marked off by a special score or tally; hence, in pl., a large number. Amongst three or four score hogsheads. Shak. At length the queen took upon herself to grant patents of monopoly by score. Macaulay.
5. A distance of twenty yards; — a term used in ancient archery and gunnery. Halliwell.
6. A weight of twenty pounds. [Prov. Eng.]
7. The number of points gained by the contestants, or either of them, in any game, as in cards or cricket.
8. line drawn; a groove or furrow.
9. (Mus.)
Defn: The original and entire draught, or its transcript, of a composition, with the parts for all the different instruments or voices written on staves one above another, so that they can be read at a glance; — so called from the bar, which, in its early use, was drawn through all the parts. Moore (Encyc. of Music). In score (Mus.), having all the parts arranged and placed in juxtaposition. Smart. — To quit scores, to settle or balance accounts; to render an equivalent; to make compensation. Does not the earth quit scores with all the elements in the noble fruits that issue from it South.
SCORE
Score, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scored; p. pr. & vb. n. Scoring.]
1. To mark with lines, scratches, or notches; to cut notches or furrows in; to notch; to scratch; to furrow; as, to score timber for hewing; to score the back with a lash. Let us score their backs. Shak. A briar in that tangled wilderness Had scored her white right hand. M. Arnold.
2. Especially, to mark with significant lines or notches, for indicating or keeping account of something; as, to score a tally.
3. To mark or signify by lines or notches; to keep record or account; to set down; to record; to charge. Madam, I know when, Instead of five, you scored me ten. Swift. Nor need I tallies thy dear love to score. Shak.
4. To engrave, as upon a shield. [R.] Spenser.
5. To make a score of, as points, runs, etc., in a game.
6. (Mus.)
Defn: To write down in proper order and arrangement; as, to score an overture for an orchestra. See Score, n., 9.
7. (Geol.)
Defn: To mark with parallel lines or scratches; as, the rocks of New
England and the Western States were scored in the drift epoch.
SCORER
Scor"er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, scores.
SCORIA
Sco"ri*a, n.; pl. Scorlæ. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.
1. The recrement of metals in fusion, or the slag rejected after the eduction of metallic ores; dross.
2. Cellular slaggy lava; volcanic cinders.
SCORIAC
Sco"ri*ac, a.
Defn: Scoriaceous. E. A. Poe.
SCORIACEOUS
Sco`ri*a"ceous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. scoriacé.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to scoria; like scoria or the recrement of metals; partaking of the nature of scoria.
SCORIE
Sco"rie, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The young of any gull. [Written also scaurie.] [prov. Eng.]
SCORIFICATION
Sco`ri*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. scorification. See Scorify.]
(Chem.)
Defn: The act, process, or result of scorifying, or reducing to a slag; hence, the separation from earthy matter by means of a slag; as, the scorification of ores.
SCORIFIER
Sco"ri*fi`er, n. (Chem.)
Defn: One who, or that which, scorifies; specifically, a small flat bowl-shaped cup used in the first heating in assaying, to remove the earth and gangue, and to concentrate the gold and silver in a lead button.
SCORIFORM
Sco"ri*form, a.
Defn: In the form of scoria.
SCORIFY
Sco"ri*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorified; p. pr. & vb. n.
Scorifying.] Etym: [Scoria + -fy: cf. F. scorifier.] (Chem.)
Defn: To reduce to scoria or slag; specifically, in assaying, to fuse so as to separate the gangue and earthy material, with borax, lead, soda, etc., thus leaving the gold and silver in a lead button; hence, to separate from, or by means of, a slag.
SCORIOUS
Sco"ri*ous, a.
Defn: Scoriaceous. Sir T. Browne.
SCORN Scorn, n. Etym: [OE. scorn, scarn, scharn, OF. escarn, escharn, eschar, of German origin; cf. OHG. skern mockery, skern to mock; but cf. also OF. escorner to mock.]
1. Extreme and lofty contempt; haughty disregard; that disdain which aprings from the opinion of the utter meanness and unworthiness of an object. Scorn at first makes after love the more. Shak. And wandered backward as in scorn, To wait an æon to be born. Emerson.
2. An act or expression of extreme contempt. Every sullen frown and bitter scorn But fanned the fuel that too fast did burn. Dryden.
3. An object of extreme disdain, contempt, or derision. Thou makest us a reproach to our neighbors, a scorn and a derision to them that are round about us. Ps. xliv. 13. To think scorn, to regard as worthy of scorn or contempt; to disdain. "He thought scorn to lay hands on Mordecai alone." Esther iii. 6. — To laugh to scorn, to deride; to make a mock of; to redicule as contemptible.
Syn. — Contempt; disdain; derision; contumely; despite; slight; dishonor; mockery.
SCORN
Scorn, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorned; p. pr. & vb. n. Scoring.] Etym:
[OE. scornen, scarnen, schornen, OF. escarning, escharnir. See Scorn,
n.]
1. To hold in extreme contempt; to reject as unworthy of regard; to despise; to contemn; to disdain. I scorn thy meat; 't would choke me. Shak. This my long sufference, and my day of grace, Those who neglect and scorn shall never taste. Milton. We scorn what is in itself contemptible or disgraceful. C. J. Smith.
2. To treat with extreme contempt; to make the object of insult; to mock; to scoff at; to deride. His fellow, that lay by his bed's side, Gan for to laugh, and scorned him full fast. Chaucer. To taunt and scorn you thus opprobriously. Shak.
Syn.
— To contemn; despise; disdain. See Contemn.
SCORN
Scorn, v. i.
Defn: To scoff; to act disdainfully. He said mine eyes were black and my hair black, And, now I remembered, scorned at me. Shak.
SCORNER
Scorn"er, n.
Defn: One who scorns; a despiser; a contemner; specifically, a
scoffer at religion. "Great scorners of death." Spenser.
Superly he scorneth the scorners: but he giveth grace unto the lowly.
Prov. iii. 34.
SCORNFUL
Scorn"ful, a.
1. Full of scorn or contempt; contemptuous; disdainful. Scornful of winter's frost and summer's sun. Prior. Dart not scornful glances from those eyes. Shak.
2. Treated with scorn; exciting scorn. [Obs.] The scornful mark of every open eye. Shak.
Syn.
— Contemptuous; disdainful; contumelious; reproachful; insolent.
— Scorn"ful*ly, adv.
— Scorn"ful*ness, n.
SCORNY
Scorn"y, a.
Defn: Deserving scorn; paltry. [Obs.]
SCORODITE Scor"o*dite, n. Etym: [G. scorodit; — so called in allusion to its smell under the blowpipe, from Gr. (Min.)
Defn: A leek-green or brownish mineral occurring in orthorhombic crystals. It is a hydrous arseniate of iron. [Written also skorodite.]
SCORPAENOID Scor*pæ"noid, a. Etym: [NL. Scorpaena, a typical genus (see Scorpene) + -oid.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the family Scorpænidæ, which includes the scorpene, the rosefish, the California rockfishes, and many other food fishes. [Written also scorpænid.] See Illust. under Rockfish.
SCORPENE
Scor"pene, n. Etym: [F. scorpène, fr. L. scorpaena a kind of fish,
Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A marine food fish of the genus Scorpæna, as the European hogfish (S. scrofa), and the California species (S. guttata).
SCORPER
Scor"per, n.
Defn: Same as Scauper.
SCORPIO
Scor"pi*o, n.; pl. Scorpiones. Etym: [L.]
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A scorpion.
2. (Astron.) (a) The eighth sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters about the twenty-third day of October, marked thus [scorpio] in almanacs. (b) A constellation of the zodiac containing the bright star Antares. It is drawn on the celestial globe in the figure of a scorpion.
SCORPIODEA
Scor`pi*o"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Scorpiones.
SCORPIOID; SCORPIOIDAL
Scor"pi*oid, Scor`pi*oid"al, a. Etym: [Gr.
1. Having the inflorescence curved or circinate at the end, like a scorpion's tail.
SCORPION
Scor"pi*on, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. scorpio, scorpius, Gr. sharp.]
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of pulmonate arachnids of the order scorpiones, having a suctorial mouth, large claw-bearing palpi, and a caudal sting.
Note: Scorpions have a flattened body, and a long, slender post- abdomen formed of six movable segments, the last of which terminates in a curved venomous sting. The venom causes great pain, but is unattended either with redness or swelling, except in the axillary or inguinal glands, when an extremity is affected. It is seldom if ever destructive of life. Scorpions are found widely dispersed in the warm climates of both the Old and New Worlds.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The pine or gray lizard (Sceloporus undulatus). [Local, U.S.]
3. (Zoöl.)
Defn: the scorpene.
4. (Script.)
Defn: A painful scourge. My father hath chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions. 1 Kings xii. 11.
5. (Astron.)
Defn: A sign and constellation. See Scorpio.
6. (Antiq.)
Defn: An ancient military engine for hurling stones and other
missiles. Book scorpion. (Zoöl.) See under Book.
— False scorpion. (Zoöl.) See under False, and Book scorpion.
— Scorpion bug, or Water scorpion (Zoöl.) See Nepa.
— Scorpion fly (Zoöl.), a neuropterous insect of the genus Panorpa.
See Panorpid.
— Scorpion grass (Bot.), a plant of the genus Myosotis. M.
palustris is the forget-me-not.
— Sorpion senna (Bot.), a yellow-flowered leguminous shrub
(Coronilla Emerus) having a slender joined pod, like a scorpion's
tail. The leaves are said to yield a dye like indigo, and to be used
sometimes to adulterate senna.
— Scorpion shell (Zoöl.), any shell of the genus Pteroceras. See
Pteroceras.
— Scorpion spiders. (Zoöl.), any one of the Pedipalpi.
— Scorpion's tail (Bot.), any plant of the leguminous genus
Scorpiurus, herbs with a circinately coiled pod; — also called
caterpillar.
— Scorpion's thorn (Bot.), a thorny leguminous plant (Genista
Scorpius) of Southern Europe.
— The Scorpion's Heart (Astron.), the star Antares in the
constellation Scorpio.
SCORPIONES
Scor`pi*o"nes, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A division of arachnids comprising the scorpions.
SCORPIONIDEA
Scor`pi*o*nid"e*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Scorpiones.
SCORPIONWORT
Scor"pi*on*wort`, n. (Bot.)
Defn: A leguminous plant (Ornithopus scorpides) of Southern Europe, having curved pods.
SCORSE
Scorse ( or ), n. Etym: [Cf. It. scorsa a course, and E. discourse.]
Defn: Barter; exchange; trade. [Obs.]
And recompensed them with a better scorse. Spenser.
SCORSE
Scorse, v. t. Etym: [Written also scourse, and scoss.]
1. To barter or exchange. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. To chase. [Obs.] Spenser.
SCORSE
Scorse, v. i.
Defn: To deal for the purchase of anything; to practice barter.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
SCORTATORY Scor"ta*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. scorator a fornicator, from scortari to fornicate, scortum a prostitute.]
Defn: Pertaining to lewdness or fornication; lewd.
SCOT
Scot, n.
Defn: A name for a horse. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SCOT
Scot, n. Etym: [Cf. L. Skoti, pl., AS. Scotta, pl. Skottas,
Sceottas.]
Defn: A native or inhabitant of Scotland; a Scotsman, or Scotchman.
SCOT Scot, n. Etym: [Icel. skot; or OF. escot, F. écot, LL. scottum, scotum, from a kindred German word; akin to AS. scot, and E. shot, shoot; cf. AS. sceótan to shoot, to contribute. See Shoot, and cf. Shot.]
Defn: A portion of money assessed or paid; a tax or contribution; a mulct; a fine; a shot. Scot and lot, formerly, a parish assessment laid on subjects according to their ability. [Eng.] Cowell. Now, a phrase for obligations of every kind regarded collectivelly. Experienced men of the world know very well that it is best to pay scot and lot as they go along. Emerson.
SCOTAL; SCOTALE
Scot"al, Scot"ale, n. Etym: [Scot + ale.] (O. Eng. Law)
Defn: The keeping of an alehouse by an officer of a forest, and drawing people to spend their money for liquor, for fear of his displeasure.
SCOTCH
Scotch, a. Etym: [Cf. Scottish.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to Scotland, its language, or its inhabitants;
Scottish. Scotch broom (Bot.), the Cytisus scoparius. See Broom.
— Scotch dipper, or Scotch duck (Zoöl.), the bufflehead; — called
also Scotch teal, and Scotchman.
— Scotch fiddle, the itch. [Low] Sir W. Scott.
— Scotch mist, a coarse, dense mist, like fine rain.
— Scotch nightingale (Zoöl.), the sedge warbler. [Prov. Eng.] —
Scotch pebble. See under pebble.
— Scotch pine (Bot.) See Riga fir.
— Scotch thistle (Bot.), a species of thistle (Onopordon
acanthium); — so called from its being the national emblem of the
Scotch.
SCOTCH
Scotch, n.
1. The dialect or dialects of English spoken by the people of Scotland.
2. Collectively, the people of Scotland.
SCOTCH Scotch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scotched; p. pr. & vb. n. Scotching.] Etym: [Cf. Prov. E. scole a prop, and Walloon ascot a prop, ascoter to prop, F. accoter, also Armor. skoaz the shoulder, skoazia to shoulder up, to prop, to support, W. ysgwydd a shoulder, ysgwyddo to shoulder. Cf. Scoat.] [Written also scoatch, scoat.]
Defn: To shoulder up; to prop or block with a wedge, chock, etc., as a wheel, to prevent its rolling or slipping.
SCOTCH
Scotch, n.
Defn: A chock, wedge, prop, or other support, to prevent slipping; as, a scotch for a wheel or a log on inclined ground.
SCOTCH Scotch, v. t. Etym: [Probably the same word as scutch; cf. Norw. skoka, skoko, a swingle for flax; perhaps akin to E. shake.]
Defn: To cut superficially; to wound; to score. We have scotched the snake, not killed it. Shak. Scotched collops (Cookery), a dish made of pieces of beef or veal cut thin, or minced, beaten flat, and stewed with onion and other condiments; — called also Scotch collops. [Written also scotcht collops.]
SCOTCH
Scotch, n.
Defn: A slight cut or incision; a score. Walton.
SCOTCH-HOPPER
Scotch"-hop`per, n.
Defn: Hopscotch.
SCOTCHING
Scotch"ing, n. (Masonry)
Defn: Dressing stone with a pick or pointed instrument.
SCOTCHMAN
Scotch"man, n.; pl. Scotchmen (.
1. A native or inhabitant of Scotland; a Scot; a Scotsman.
2. (Naut.)
Defn: A piece of wood or stiff hide placed over shrouds and other rigging to prevent chafe by the running gear. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
SCOTCH RITE
Scotch rite. (Freemasonry)
Defn: The ceremonial observed by one of the Masonic systems, called in full the Ancient and Accepted Scotch Rite; also, the system itself, which confers thirty-three degrees, of which the first three are nearly identical with those of the York rite.
SCOTCH TERRIER
Scotch terrier. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of a breed of small terriers with long, rough hair.
SCOTER
Sco"ter, n. Etym: [Cf. Prov. E. scote to plow up.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of several species of northern sea ducks of the genus
Oidemia.
Note: The European scoters are Oidemia nigra, called also black duck, black diver, surf duck; and the velvet, or double, scoter (O. fusca). The common American species are the velvet, or white-winged, scoter (O. Deglandi), called also velvet duck, white-wing, bull coot, white- winged coot; the black scoter (O. Americana), called also black coot, butterbill, coppernose; and the surf scoter, or surf duck (O. perspicillata), called also baldpate, skunkhead, horsehead, patchhead, pishaug, and spectacled coot. These birds are collectively called also coots. The females and young are called gray coots, and brown coots.
SCOT-FREE
Scot"-free" , a.
Defn: Free from payment of scot; untaxed; hence, unhurt; clear; safe.
Do as much for this purpose, and thou shalt pass scot-free. Sir W.
Scott.
Then young Hay escaped scot-free to Holland. A. Lang.
SCOTH
Scoth, v. t.
Defn: To clothe or cover up. [Obs.]
SCOTH
Scoth, v. t.
Defn: To clothe or cover up. [Obs.]
SCOTIA Sco"ti*a, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. skoti`a darkness, a sunken molding in the base of a pillar, so called from the dark shadow it casts, from sko`tos darkness.] (Arch.)
Defn: A concave molding used especially in classical architecture.
SCOTIA
Sco"ti*a, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: Scotland [Poetic]
O Scotia! my dear, my native soil! Burns.
SCOTIST
Sco"tist, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
Defn: A follower of (Joannes) Duns Scotus, the Franciscan scholastic (d. 1308), who maintained certain doctrines in philosophy and theology, in opposition to the Thomists, or followers of Thomas Aquinas, the Dominican scholastic.
SCOTOGRAPH
Scot"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. sko`tos darkness + -graph.]
Defn: An instrument for writing in the dark, or without seeing.
Maunder.
SCOTOMA
Sco*to"ma, n. Etym: [L.] (Med.)
Defn: Scotomy.
SCOTOMY Scot"o*my, n. Etym: [NL. scotomia, from Gr. sko`tos darkness: cf. F. scotomie.]
1. Dizziness with dimness of sight. [Obs.] Massinger.
2. (Med.)
Defn: Obscuration of the field of vision due to the appearance of a dark spot before the eye.
SCOTOSCOPE
Sco"to*scope ( or ), n. Etym: [Gr. sko`tos darkness + -scope.]
Defn: An instrument that discloses objects in the dark or in a faint light. [Obs.] Pepys.
SCOTS
Scots, a. Etym: [For older Scottis Scottish. See Scottish.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Scotch; Scotch; Scottish; as, Scots law; a pound Scots (1s. 8d.).
SCOTSMAN
Scots"man (-man), n.
Defn: See Scotchman.
SCOTTERING
Scot"ter*ing, n.
Defn: The burning of a wad of pease straw at the end of harvest.
[Prov. Eng.]
SCOTTICISM
Scot"ti*cism, n.
Defn: An idiom, or mode of expression, peculiar to Scotland or
Scotchmen.
That, in short, in which the Scotticism of Scotsmen most intimately
consists, is the habit of emphasis. Masson.
SCOTTICIZE
Scot"ti*cize, v. t.
Defn: To cause to become like the Scotch; to make Scottish. [R.]
SCOTTISH
Scot"tish, a. Etym: [From Scot a Scotchman: cf. AS. Scyttisc, and E.
Scotch, a., Scots, a.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to the inhabitants of Scotland, their country, or their language; as, Scottish industry or economy; a Scottish chief; a Scottish dialect.
SCOTTISH TERRIER
Scot"tish ter"ri*er. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Scotch terrier.
SCOUNDREL
Scoun"drel, n. Etym: [Probably from Prov. E. & Scotch scunner,
scouner, to loathe, to disgust, akin to AS. scunian to shun. See
Shun.]
Defn: A mean, worthless fellow; a rascal; a villain; a man without
honor or virtue.
Go, if your ancient, but ignoble blood
Has crept through soundrels ever since the flood. Pope.
SCOUNDREL
Scoun"drel, a.
Defn: Low; base; mean; unprincipled.
SCOUNDRELDOM
Scoun"drel*dom, n.
Defn: The domain or sphere of scoundrels; scoundrels, collectively; the state, ideas, or practices of scoundrels. Carlyle.
SCOUNDRELISM
Scoun"drel*ism, n.
Defn: The practices or conduct of a scoundrel; baseness; rascality.
Cotgrave.
SCOUR
Scour, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scoured; p. pr. & vb. n. Scouring.] Etym:
[Akin to LG. schüren, D. schuren, schueren, G. scheuern, Dan. skure;
Sw. skura; all possibly fr. LL. escurare, fr. L. ex + curare to take
care. Cf. Cure.]
1. To rub hard with something rough, as sand or Bristol brick, especially for the purpose of cleaning; to clean by friction; to make clean or bright; to cleanse from grease, dirt, etc., as articles of dress.
2. To purge; as, to scour a horse.
3. To remove by rubbing or cleansing; to sweep along or off; to carry away or remove, as by a current of water; — often with off or away. [I will] stain my favors in a bloody mask, Which, washed away, shall scour my shame with it. Shak.
4. Etym: [Perhaps a different word; cf. OF. escorre, escourre, It. scorrere, both fr. L. excurrere to run forth. Cf. Excursion.]
Defn: To pass swiftly over; to brush along; to traverse or search
thoroughly; as, to scour the coast.
Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain. Pope.
Scouring barrel, a tumbling barrel. See under Tumbling.
— Scouring cinder (Metal.), a basic slag, which attacks the lining
of a shaft furnace. Raymond.
— Scouring rush. (Bot.) See Dutch rush, under Dutch.
— Scouring stock (Woolen Manuf.), a kind of fulling mill.
SCOUR
Scour, v. i.
1. To clean anything by rubbing. Shak.
2. To cleanse anything. Warm water is softer than cold, for it scoureth better. Bacon.
3. To be purged freely; to have a diarrhoea.
4. To run swiftly; to rove or range in pursuit or search of something; to scamper. So four fierce coursers, starting to the race, Scour through the plain, and lengthen every pace. Dryden.
SCOUR
Scour, n.
Defn: Diarrhoea or dysentery among cattle.
SCOURAGE
Scour"age (; 48), n.
Defn: Refuse water after scouring.
SCOURER
Scour"er, n.
1. One who, or that which, scours.
2. A rover or footpad; a prowling robber. In those days of highwaymen and scourers. Macaulay.
SCOURGE
Scourge, n. Etym: [F. escourgée, fr. L. excoriata (sc. scutica) a
stripped off (lash or whip), fr. excoriate to strip, to skin. See
Excoriate.]
1. A lash; a strap or cord; especially, a lash used to inflict pain or punishment; an instrument of punishment or discipline; a whip. Up to coach then goes The observed maid, takes both the scourge and reins. Chapman.
2. Hence, a means of inflicting punishment, vengeance, or suffering; an infliction of affliction; a punishment. Sharp scourges of adversity. Chaucer. What scourge for perjury Can this dark monarchy afford false Clarence Shak.
SCOURGE
Scourge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scourged; p. pr. & vb. n. Scourging.]
Etym: [From Scourge, n.: cf. OF. escorgier.]
1. To whip severely; to lash. is it lawful for you to scourge a . . . Roman Acts xxii. 25.
2. To punish with severity; to chastise; to afflict, as for sins or faults, and with the purpose of correction. Whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth. Heb. xii. 6.
3. To harass or afflict severely. To scourge and impoverish the people. Brougham.
SCOURGER
Scour"ger, n.
Defn: One who scourges or punishes; one who afflicts severely.
The West must own the scourger of the world. Byron.
SCOURSE
Scourse, v. t.
Defn: See Scorse. [Obs.]
SCOUSE
Scouse, n. (Naut.)
Defn: A sailor's dish. Bread scouse contains no meat; lobscouse contains meat, etc. See Lobscouse. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
SCOUT
Scout, n. Etym: [Icel. sk a small craft or cutter.]
Defn: A swift sailing boat. [Obs.] So we took a scout, very much pleased with the manner and conversation of the passengers. Pepys.
SCOUT
Scout, n. Etym: [Icel. skuta to jut out. Cf. Scout to reject.]
Defn: A projecting rock. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
SCOUT Scout, v. t. Etym: [Icel. sk a taunt; cf. Icel. skuta to jut out, skota to shove, skj to shoot, to shove. See Shoot.]
Defn: To reject with contempt, as something absurd; to treat with ridicule; to flout; as, to scout an idea or an apology. "Flout 'em and scout 'em." Shak.
SCOUT Scout, n. Etym: [OF. escaute scout, spy, fr. escouter, escolter, to listen, to hear, F. écouter, fr. L. auscultare, to hear with attention, to listen to. See Auscultation.]
1. A person sent out to gain and bring in tidings; especially, one employed in war to gain information of the movements and condition of an enemy. Scouts each coast light-armèd scour, Each quarter, to descry the distant foe. Milton.
2. A college student's or undergraduate's servant; — so called in Oxford, England; at Cambridge called a gyp; and at Dublin, a skip. [Cant]
3. (Criket)
Defn: A fielder in a game for practice.
4. The act of scouting or reconnoitering. [Colloq.] While the rat is on the scout. Cowper.
Syn. — Scout, Spy. — In a military sense a scout is a soldier who does duty in his proper uniform, however hazardous his adventure. A spy is one who in disguise penetrates the enemies' lines, or lurks near them, to obtain information.
SCOUT
Scout, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scouted; p. pr. & vb. n. Scouting.]
1. To observe, watch, or look for, as a scout; to follow for the purpose of observation, as a scout. Take more men, And scout him round. Beau. & Fl.
2. To pass over or through, as a scout; to reconnoiter; as, to scout a country.
SCOUT
Scout, v. i.
Defn: To go on the business of scouting, or watching the motions of an enemy; to act as a scout. With obscure wing Scout far and wide into the realm of night. Milton.
SCOVEL
Scov"el, n. Etym: [OF. escouve, escouvette, broom, L. scopae, or cf.
W. ysgubell, dim. of ysgub a broom.]
Defn: A mop for sweeping ovens; a malkin.
SCOW
Scow, n. Etym: [D. schouw.] (Naut.)
Defn: A large flat-bottomed boat, having broad, square ends.
SCOW
Scow, v. t.
Defn: To transport in a scow.
SCOWL Scowl, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scowled; p. pr. & vb. n. Scowling.] Etym: [Akin to Dan. skule; cf. Icel. skolla to skulk, LG. schulen to hide one's self, D. schuilen, G. schielen to squint, Dan. skele, Sw. skela, AS. sceolh squinting. Cf. Skulk.]
1. To wrinkle the brows, as in frowning or displeasure; to put on a frowning look; to look sour, sullen, severe, or angry. She scowled and frowned with froward countenance. Spenser.
2. Hence, to look gloomy, dark, or threatening; to lower. "The scowling heavens." Thomson.
SCOWL
Scowl, v. t.
1. To look at or repel with a scowl or a frown. Milton.
2. To express by a scowl; as, to scowl defiance.
SCOWL
Scowl, n.
1. The wrinkling of the brows or face in frowing; the expression of displeasure, sullennes, or discontent in the countenance; an angry frown. With solemn phiz, and critic scowl. Lloyd.
2. Hence, gloom; dark or threatening aspect. Burns. A ruddy storm, whose scowl Made heaven's radiant face look foul. Crashaw.
SCOWLINGLY
Scowl"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scowling manner.
SCRABBED EGGS
Scrab"bed eggs`. Etym: [CF. Scramble.]
Defn: A Lenten dish, composed of eggs boiled hard, chopped, and seasoned with butter, salt, and pepper. Halliwell.
SCRABBLE
Scrab"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scrabbled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Scrabbling.] Etym: [Freq. of scrape. Cf. Scramble, Scrawl, v. t.]
1. To scrape, paw, or scratch with the hands; to proceed by clawing with the hands and feet; to scramble; as, to scrabble up a cliff or a tree. Now after a while Little-faith came to himself, and getting up made shift to scrabble on his way. Bunyan.
2. To make irregular, crooked, or unmeaning marks; to scribble; to scrawl. David . . . scrabbled on the doors of the gate. 1. Sam. xxi. 13.
SCRABBLE
Scrab"ble, v. t.
Defn: To mark with irregular lines or letters; to scribble; as, to scrabble paper.
SCRABBLE
Scrab"ble, n.
Defn: The act of scrabbing; a moving upon the hands and knees; a scramble; also, a scribble.
SCRABER Scra"ber, n. Etym: [Cf. Scrabble.] (Zoöl.) (a) The Manx shearwater. (b) The black guillemot.
SCRAFFLE Scraf"fle, v. i. Etym: [See Scramble: cf. OD. schraeffelen to scrape.]
Defn: To scramble or struggle; to wrangle; also, to be industrious.
[Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
SCRAG
Scrag, n. Etym: [Cf. dial. Sw. skraka a great dry tree, a long, lean
man, Gael. sgreagach dry, shriveled, rocky. See Shrink, and cf.
Scrog, Shrag, n.]
1. Something thin, lean, or rough; a bony piece; especially, a bony neckpiece of meat; hence, humorously or in contempt, the neck. Lady MacScrew, who . . . serves up a scrag of mutton on silver. Thackeray.
2. A rawboned person. [Low] Halliwell.
3. A ragged, stunted tree or branch. Scrag whale (Zoöl.), a North Atlantic whalebone whale (Agaphelus giddosus). By some it is considered the young of the right whale.
SCRAGGED
Scrag"ged, a.
1. Rough with irregular points, or a broken surface; scraggy; as, a scragged backbone.
2. Lean and rough; scraggy.
SCRAGGEDNESS
Scrag"ged*ness, n.
Defn: Quality or state of being scragged.
SCRAGGILY
Scrag"gi*ly, adv.
Defn: in a scraggy manner.
SCRAGGINESS
Scrag"gi*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being scraggy; scraggedness.
SCRAGGY
Scrag"gy, a. [Compar. Scragger; superl. Scraggiest.]
1. Rough with irregular points; scragged. "A scraggy rock." J. Philips.
2. Lean and rough; scragged. "His sinewy, scraggy neck." Sir W. Scott.
SCRAGLY
Scrag"ly, a.
Defn: See Scraggy.
SCRAG-NECKED
Scrag"-necked`, a.
Defn: Having a scraggy neck.
SCRAMBLE
Scram"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scrambled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Scrambling.] Etym: [Freq. of Prov. E. scramb to rake together with
the hands, or of scramp to snatch at. cf. Scrabble.]
1. To clamber with hands and knees; to scrabble; as, to scramble up a cliff; to scramble over the rocks.
2. To struggle eagerly with others for something thrown upon the ground; to go down upon all fours to seize something; to catch rudely at what is desired. Of other care they little reckoning make, Than how to scramble at the shearer's feast. Milton.
SCRAMBLE
Scram"ble, v. t.
1. To collect by scrambling; as, to scramble up wealth. Marlowe.
2. To prepare (eggs) as a dish for the table, by stirring the yolks and whites together while cooking.
SCRAMBLE
Scram"ble, n.
1. The act of scrambling, climbing on all fours, or clambering.
2. The act of jostling and pushing for something desired; eager and unceremonious struggle for what is thrown or held out; as, a scramble for office. Scarcity [of money] enhances its price, and increases the scramble. Locke.
SCRAMBLED EGGS
Scram"bled eggs.
Defn: Eggs of which the whites and yolks are stirred together while cooking, or eggs beaten slightly, often with a little milk, and stirred while cooking.
SCRAMBLER
Scram"bler, n.
1. One who scrambles; one who climbs on all fours.
2. A greedy and unceremonious contestant.
SCRAMBLING
Scram"bling, a.
Defn: Confused and irregular; awkward; scambling.
— Scram"bling*ly, adv.
A huge old scrambling bedroom. Sir W. Scott.
SCRANCH
Scranch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scranched; p. pr. & vb. n. Scranching.]
Etym: [Cf. D. schransen to eat greedily, G. schranzen. Cf. Crunch,
Scrunch.]
Defn: To grind with the teeth, and with a crackling sound; to craunch. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
SCRANKY
Scrank"y, a.
Defn: Thin; lean. [Scot.]
SCRANNEL
Scran"nel, a. Etym: [Cf. Scrawny.]
Defn: Slight; thin; lean; poor. Having
Grate on their scranned pipes of wretched straw. Milton.
SCRANNY
Scran"ny, a. Etym: [See Scrannel.]
Defn: Thin; lean; meager; scrawny; scrannel. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
SCRAP
Scrap, n. Etym: [OE. scrappe, fr. Icel. skrap trifle, cracking. See
Scrape, v. t.]
1. Something scraped off; hence, a small piece; a bit; a fragment; a detached, incomplete portion. I have no materials — not a scrap. De Quincey.
2. Specifically, a fragment of something written or printed; a brief excerpt; an unconnected extract.
3. pl.
Defn: The crisp substance that remains after trying out animal fat; as, pork scraps.
4. pl.
Defn: Same as Scrap iron, below. Scrap forgings, forgings made from wrought iron scrap. — Scrap iron. (a) Cuttings and waste pieces of wrought iron from which bar iron or forgings can be made; — called also wrought-iron scrap. (b) Fragments of cast iron or defective castings suitable for remelting in the foundry; — called also founding scrap, or cast scrap.
SCRAPBOOK
Scrap"book`, n.
Defn: A blank book in which extracts cut from books and papers may be pasted and kept.
SCRAPE
Scrape, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scraped; p. pr. & vb. n. Scraping.] Etym:
[Icel. skrapa; akin to Sw. skrapa, Dan. skrabe, D. schrapen,
schrabben, G. schrappen, and prob. to E. sharp.]
1. To rub over the surface of (something) with a sharp or rough instrument; to rub over with something that roughens by removing portions of the surface; to grate harshly over; to abrade; to make even, or bring to a required condition or form, by moving the sharp edge of an instrument breadthwise over the surface with pressure, cutting away excesses and superfluous parts; to make smooth or clean; as, to scrape a bone with a knife; to scrape a metal plate to an even surface.
2. To remove by rubbing or scraping (in the sense above). I will also scrape her dust from her, and make her like the top of a rock. Ezek. xxvi. 4.
3. To collect by, or as by, a process of scraping; to gather in small portions by laborius effort; hence, to acquire avariciously and save penuriously; — often followed by together or up; as, to scrape money together. The prelatical party complained that, to swell a number the nonconformists did not choose, but scrape, subscribers. Fuller.
4. To express disapprobation of, as a play, or to silence, as a speaker, by drawing the feet back and forth upon the floor; — usually with down. Macaulay. To scrape acquaintance, to seek acquaintance otherwise than by an introduction. Farquhar. He tried to scrape acquaintance with her, but failed ignominiously. G. W. Cable.
SCRAPE
Scrape, v. i.
1. To rub over the surface of anything with something which roughens or removes it, or which smooths or cleans it; to rub harshly and noisily along.
2. To occupy one's self with getting laboriously; as, he scraped and saved until he became rich. "[Spend] their scraping fathers' gold." Shak.
3. To play awkwardly and inharmoniously on a violin or like instrument.
4. To draw back the right foot along the ground or floor when making a bow.
SCRAPE
Scrape, n.
1. The act of scraping; also, the effect of scraping, as a scratch, or a harsh sound; as, a noisy scrape on the floor; a scrape of a pen.
2. A drawing back of the right foot when bowing; also, a bow made with that accompaniment. H. Spencer.
3. A disagreable and embrassing predicament, as it were, a painful rubbing or scraping; a perplexity; a difficulty. The too eager pursuit of this his old enemy through thick and thin has led him into many of these scrapes. Bp. Warburton.
SCRAPEPENNY
Scrape"pen`ny, n.
Defn: One who gathers and hoards money in trifling sums; a miser.
SCRAPER
Scrap"er, n.
1. An instrument with which anything is scraped. Specifically: (a) An instrument by which the soles of shoes are cleaned from mud and the like, by drawing them across it. (b) An instrument drawn by oxen or horses, used for scraping up earth in making or repairing roads, digging cellars, canals etc. (c) (Naut.) An instrument having two or three sharp sides or edges, for cleaning the planks, masts, or decks of a ship. (d) (Lithography) In the printing press, a board, or blade, the edge of which is made to rub over the tympan sheet and thus produce the impression.
2. One who scrapes. Specifically: (a) One who plays awkwardly on a violin. (b) One who acquires avariciously and saves penuriously.
SCRAPING
Scrap"ing, n.
1. The act of scraping; the act or process of making even, or reducing to the proper form, by means of a scraper.
2. Something scraped off; that which is separated from a substance, or is collected by scraping; as, the scraping of the street.
SCRAPING
Scrap"ing, a.
Defn: Resembling the act of, or the effect produced by, one who, or that which, scrapes; as, a scraping noise; a scraping miser. — Scrap"ing*ly, adv.
SCRAPPILY
Scrap"pi*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scrappy manner; in scraps. Mary Cowden Clarke.
SCRAPPLE
Scrap"ple, n. [Dim. of scrap.]
Defn: An article of food made by boiling together bits or scraps of meat, usually pork, and flour or Indian meal.
SCRAPPY
Scrap"py, a.
Defn: Consisting of scraps; fragmentary; lacking unity or consistency; as, a scrappy lecture. A dreadfully scrappy dinner. Thackeray.
SCRAT
Scrat, v. t. Etym: [OE. scratten. Cf. Scratch.]
Defn: To scratch. [Obs.] Burton.
SCRAT
Scrat, v. i.
Defn: To rake; to search. [Obs.] Mir. for Mag.
SCRAT Scrat, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. scritta an hermaphrodite, Ir. scrut a scrub, a low, mean person, Gael. sgrut, sgruit, an old, shriveled person.]
Defn: An hermaphrodite. [Obs.] Skinner.
SCRATCH Scratch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scratched; p. pr. & vb. n. Scratching.] Etym: [OE. cracchen (perhaps influenced by OE. scratten to scratch); cf. OHG. chrazz, G. kratzen, OD. kratsen, kretsen, D. krassen, Sw. kratsa to scrape, kratta to rake, to scratch, Dan. kradse to scratch, to scrape, Icel. krota to engrave. Cf. Grate to rub.]
1. To rub and tear or mark the surface of with something sharp or ragged; to scrape, roughen, or wound slightly by drawing something pointed or rough across, as the claws, the nails, a pin, or the like. Small sand-colored stones, so hard as to scratch glass.Grew. Be mindful, when invention fails., To scratch your head, and bite your nails.Swift.
2. To write or draw hastily or awkwardly. Scratch out a pamphlet." Swift.
3. To cancel by drawing one or more lines through, as the name of a candidate upon a ballot, or of a horse in a list; hence, to erase; to efface; — often with out.
4. To dig or excavate with the claws; as, some animals scratch holes, in which they burrow. To scratch a ticket, to cancel one or more names of candidates on a party ballot; to refuse to vote the party ticket in its entirety. [U.S.]
SCRATCH
Scratch, v. i.
1. To use the claws or nails in tearing or in digging; to make
scratches.
Dull, tame things, . . . that will neither bite nor scratch. Dr. H.
More.
2. (Billiards)
Defn: To score, not by skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game. [Cant, U.S.]
SCRATCH
Scratch, n.
1. A break in the surface of a thing made by scratching, or by rubbing with anything pointed or rough; a slight wound, mark, furrow, or incision. The coarse file . . . makes deep scratches in the work. Moxon. These nails with scratches deform my breast. Prior. God forbid a shallow scratch should drive The prince of Wales from such a field as this. Shak.
2. (Pugilistic Matches)
Defn: A line across the prize ring; up to which boxers are brought when they join fight; hence, test, trial, or proof of courage; as, to bring to the scratch; to come up to the scratch. [Cant] Grose.
3. pl. (Far.)
Defn: Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy. Law (Farmer's Veter. Adviser).
4. A kind of wig covering only a portion of the head.
5. (Billiards)
Defn: A shot which scores by chance and not as intended by the player; a fluke. [Cant, U.S.] Scratch cradle. See Cratch cradle, under Cratch. — Scratch grass (Bot.), a climbing knotweed (Polygonum sagittatum) with a square stem beset with fine recurved prickles along the angles. — Scratch wig. Same as Scratch, 4, above. Thackeray.
SCRATCH
Scratch, a.
Defn: Made, done, or happening by chance; arranged with little or no preparation; determined by circumstances; haphazard; as, a scratch team; a scratch crew for a boat race; a scratch shot in billiards. [Slang] Scratch race, one without restrictions regarding the entrance of competitors; also, one for which the competitors are chosen by lot.
SCRATCHBACK
Scratch"back`, n.
Defn: A toy which imitates the sound of tearing cloth, — used by drawing it across the back of unsuspecting persons. [Eng.]
SCRATCHBRUSH
Scratch"brush`, n.
Defn: A stiff wire brush for cleaning iron castings and other metal.
SCRATCH COAT
Scratch" coat`.
Defn: The first coat in plastering; — called also scratchwork. See
Pricking-up.
SCRATCHER
Scratch"er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, scratches; specifically (Zoöl.), any rasorial bird.
SCRATCHING
Scratch"ing, adv.
Defn: With the action of scratching.
SCRATCH PLAYER; SCRATCH RUNNER
Scratch player, runner, etc.
Defn: One that starts from the scratch; hence, one of first-rate ability.
SCRATCHWEED
Scratch"weed`, n. (Bot.)
Defn: Cleavers.
SCRATCHWORK
Scratch"work`, n.
Defn: See Scratch coat.
SCRATCHY
Scratch"y, a.
Defn: Characterized by scratches.
SCRAW Scraw, n. Etym: [Ir. scrath a turf, sgraith a turf, green sod; akin to Gael. sgrath, sgroth, the outer skin of anything, a turf, a green sod.]
Defn: A turf. [Obs.] Swift.
SCRAWL
Scrawl, v. i.
Defn: See Crawl. [Obs.] Latimer.
SCRAWL
Scrawl, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrawled; p. pr. & vb. n. Scrawling.]
Etym: [Probably corrupted from scrabble.]
Defn: To draw or mark awkwardly and irregularly; to write hastily and carelessly; to scratch; to scribble; as, to scrawl a letter. His name, scrawled by himself. Macaulay.
SCRAWL
Scrawl, v. i.
Defn: To write unskillfully and inelegantly.
Though with a golden pen you scrawl. Swift.
SCRAWL
Scrawl, n.
Defn: Unskillful or inelegant writing; that which is unskillfully or
inelegantly written.
The left will make such a scrawl, that it will not be legible.
Arbuthnot.
You bid me write no more than a scrawl to you. Gray.
SCRAWLER
Scrawl"er, n.
Defn: One who scrawls; a hasty, awkward writer.
SCRAWNY
Scraw"ny, a. Etym: [Cf. Scrannel.]
Defn: Meager; thin; rawboned; bony; scranny.
SCRAY Scray, n. Etym: [Cf. W. ysgräen, ysgräell, a sea swallow, Armor. skrav.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A tern; the sea swallow. [Prov. Eng.] [Written also sgraye.]
SCREABLE
Scre"a*ble, a. Etym: [L. screare to hawk, spit out.]
Defn: Capable of being spit out. [Obs.] Bailey.
SCREAK
Screak, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Screaked; p. pr. & vb. n. Screaking.]
Etym: [Cf. Icel. skrækja to screech. Cf. Creak, v., Screech.]
Defn: To utter suddenly a sharp, shrill sound; to screech; to creak, as a door or wheel.
SCREAK
Screak, n.
Defn: A creaking; a screech; a shriek. Bp. Bull.
SCREAM
Scream, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Screamed; p. pr. & vb. n. Screaming.]
Etym: [Icel. skræma to scare, terrify; akin to Sw. skräma, Dan.
skræmme. Cf. Screech.]
Defn: To cry out with a shrill voice; to utter a sudden, sharp
outcry, or shrill, loud cry, as in fright or extreme pain; to shriek;
to screech.
I heard the owl scream and the crickets cry. Shak.
And scream thyself as none e'er screamed before. Pope.
SCREAM
Scream, n.
Defn: A sharp, shrill cry, uttered suddenly, as in terror or in pain; a shriek; a screech. "Screams of horror." Pope.
SCREAMER
Scream"er, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of three species of South American birds constituting the family Anhimidæ, and the suborder Palamedeæ. They have two spines on each wing, and the head is either crested or horned. They are easily tamed, and then serve as guardians for other poultry. The crested screamers, or chajas, belong to the genus Chauna. The horned screamer, or kamichi, is Palamedea cornuta.
SCREAMING
Scream"ing, a.
1. Uttering screams; shrieking.
2. Having the nature of a scream; like a scream; shrill; sharp. The fearful matrons raise a screaming cry. Dryden.
SCREE
Scree, n.
Defn: A pebble; a stone; also, a heap of stones or rocky débris.
[Prov. Eng.] Southey.
SCREECH Screech, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Screeched; p. pr. & vb. n. Screeching.] Etym: [Also formerly, scritch, OE. skriken, skrichen, schriken, of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. skrækja to shriek, to screech, skrija to titter, Sw. skrika to shriek, Dan. skrige; also Gael. sgreach, sgreuch, W. ysgrechio, Skr. kharj to creak. Cf. Shriek, v., Scream, v.]
Defn: To utter a harsh, shrill cry; to make a sharp outcry, as in terror or acute pain; to scream; to shriek. "The screech owl, screeching loud." Shak.
SCREECH
Screech, n.
Defn: A harsh, shrill cry, as of one in acute pain or in fright; a shriek; a scream. Screech bird, or Screech thrush (Zoöl.), the fieldfare; — so called from its harsh cry before rain. — Screech rain. — Screech hawk (Zoöl.), the European goatsucker; — so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.] — Screech owl. (Zoöl.) (a) A small American owl (Scops asio), either gray or reddish in color. (b) The European barn owl. The name is applied also to other species.
SCREECHERS
Screech"ers, n. pl. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The picarian birds, as distinguished from the singing birds.
SCREECHY
Screech"y, a.
Defn: Like a screech; shrill and harsh.
SCREED
Screed, n. Etym: [Prov. E., a shred, the border of a cap. See Shred.]
1. (Arch.) (a) A strip of plaster of the thickness proposed for the coat, applied to the wall at intervals of four or five feet, as a guide. (b) A wooden straightedge used to lay across the plaster screed, as a limit for the thickness of the coat.
2. A fragment; a portion; a shred. [Scot.]
SCREED Screed, n. Etym: [See 1st Screed. For sense 2 cf. also Gael. sgread an outcry.]
1. A breach or rent; a breaking forth into a loud, shrill sound; as, martial screeds.
2. An harangue; a long tirade on any subject. The old carl gae them a screed of doctrine; ye might have heard him a mile down the wind. Sir W. Scott.
SCREEN Screen, n. Etym: [OE. scren, OF. escrein, escran, F. écran, of uncertain origin; cf. G. schirm a screen, OHG. scrim, scern a protection, shield, or G. schragen a trestle, a stack of wood, or G. schranne a railing.]
1. Anything that separates or cuts off inconvience, injury, or danger; that which shelters or conceals from view; a shield or protection; as, a fire screen. Your leavy screens throw down. Shak. Some ambitious men seem as screens to princes in matters of danger and envy. Bacon.
2. (Arch.)
Defn: A dwarf wall or partition carried up to a certain height for separation and protection, as in a church, to separate the aisle from the choir, or the like.
3. A surface, as that afforded by a curtain, sheet, wall, etc., upon which an image, as a picture, is thrown by a magic lantern, solar microscope, etc.
4. A long, coarse riddle or sieve, sometimes a revolving perforated cylinder, used to separate the coarser from the finer parts, as of coal, sand, gravel, and the like.
SCREEN
Screen, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Screened; p. pr. & vb. n. Screening.]
1. To provide with a shelter or means of concealment; to separate or cut off from inconvience, injury, or danger; to shelter; to protect; to protect by hiding; to conceal; as, fruits screened from cold winds by a forest or hill. They were encouraged and screened by some who were in high comands. Macaulay.
2. To pass, as coal, gravel, ashes, etc., through a screen in order to separate the coarse from the fine, or the worthless from the valuable; to sift.
SCREENINGS
Screen"ings, n. pl.
Defn: The refuse left after screening sand, coal, ashes, etc.
SCREW Screw, n. Etym: [OE. scrue, OF. escroue, escroe, female screw, F. écrou, L. scrobis a ditch, trench, in LL., the hole made by swine in rooting; cf. D. schroef a screw, G. schraube, Icel. skr.]
1. A cylinder, or a cylindrical perforation, having a continuous rib, called the thread, winding round it spirally at a constant inclination, so as to leave a continuous spiral groove, between one turn and the next, — used chiefly for producing, when revolved, motion or pressure in the direction of its axis, by the sliding of the threads of the cylinder in the grooves between the threads of the perforation adapted to it, the former being distinguished as the external, or male screw, or, more usually the screw; the latter as the internal, or female screw, or, more usually, the nut.
Note: The screw, as a mechanical power, is a modification of the inclined plane, and may be regarded as a right-angled triangle wrapped round a cylinder, the hypotenuse of the marking the spiral thread of the screw, its base equaling the circumference of the cylinder, and its height the pitch of the thread.
2. Specifically, a kind of nail with a spiral thread and a head with a nick to receive the end of the screw-driver. Screws are much used to hold together pieces of wood or to fasten something; — called also wood screws, and screw nails. See also Screw bolt, below.
3. Anything shaped or acting like a screw; esp., a form of wheel for propelling steam vessels. It is placed at the stern, and furnished with blades having helicoidal surfaces to act against the water in the manner of a screw. See Screw propeller, below.
4. A steam vesel propelled by a screw instead of wheels; a screw steamer; a propeller.
5. An extortioner; a sharp bargainer; a skinflint; a niggard. Thackeray.
6. An instructor who examines with great or unnecessary severity; also, a searching or strict examination of a student by an instructor. [Cant, American Colleges]
7. A small packet of tobacco. [Slang] Mayhew.
8. An unsound or worn-out horse, useful as a hack, and commonly of good appearance. Ld. Lytton.
9. (Math.)
Defn: A straight line in space with which a definite linear magnitude termed the pitch is associated (cf. 5th Pitch, 10 (b)). It is used to express the displacement of a rigid body, which may always be made to consist of a rotation about an axis combined with a translation parallel to that axis.
10. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An amphipod crustacean; as, the skeleton screw (Caprella). See Sand screw, under Sand. Archimedes screw, Compound screw, Foot screw, etc. See under Archimedes, Compound, Foot, etc. — A screw loose, something out of order, so that work is not done smoothly; as, there is a screw loose somewhere. H. Martineau. — Endless, or perpetual screw, a screw used to give motion to a toothed wheel by the action of its threads between the teeth of the wheel; — called also a worm. — Lag screw. See under Lag. — Micrometer screw, a screw with fine threads, used for the measurement of very small spaces. — Right and left screw, a screw having threads upon the opposite ends which wind in opposite directions. — Screw alley. See Shaft alley, under Shaft. — Screw bean. (Bot.) (a) The curious spirally coiled pod of a leguminous tree (Prosopis pubescens) growing from Texas to California. It is used for fodder, and ground into meal by the Indians. (b) The tree itself. Its heavy hard wood is used for fuel, for fencing, and for railroad ties. — Screw bolt, a bolt having a screw thread on its shank, in distinction from a key bolt. See 1st Bolt, 3. — Screw box, a device, resembling a die, for cutting the thread on a wooden screw. — Screw dock. See under Dock. — Screw engine, a marine engine for driving a screw propeller. — Screw gear. See Spiral gear, under Spiral. — Screw jack. Same as Jackscrew. — Screw key, a wrench for turming a screw or nut; a spanner wrench. — Screw machine. (a) One of a series of machines employed in the manufacture of wood screws. (b) A machine tool resembling a lathe, having a number of cutting tools that can be caused to act on the work successively, for making screws and other turned pieces from metal rods. — Screw pine (Bot.), any plant of the endogenous genus Pandanus, of which there are about fifty species, natives of tropical lands from Africa to Polynesia; — named from the spiral arrangement of the pineapple-like leaves. — Screw plate, a device for cutting threads on small screws, consisting of a thin steel plate having a series of perforations with internal screws forming dies. — Screw press, a press in which pressure is exerted by means of a screw. — Screw propeller, a screw or spiral bladed wheel, used in the propulsion of steam vessels; also, a steam vessel propelled by a screw. — Screw shell (Zoöl.), a long, slender, spiral gastropod shell, especially of the genus Turritella and allied genera. See Turritella. — Screw steamer, a steamship propelled by a screw. — Screw thread, the spiral which forms a screw. — Screw stone (Paleon.), the fossil stem of an encrinite. — Screw tree (Bot.), any plant of the genus Helicteres, consisting of about thirty species of tropical shrubs, with simple leaves and spirally twisted, five-celled capsules; — also called twisted-horn, and twisty. — Screw valve, a stop valve which is opened or closed by a screw. — Screw worm (Zoöl.), the larva of an American fly (Compsomyia macellaria), allied to the blowflies, which sometimes deposits its eggs in the nostrils, or about wounds, in man and other animals, with fatal results. — Screw wrench. (a) A wrench for turning a screw. (b) A wrench with an adjustable jaw that is moved by a screw. — To put the screw, or screws, on, to use pressure upon, as for the purpose of extortion; to coerce. — To put under the screw or screws, to subject to presure; to force. — Wood screw, a metal screw with a sharp thread of coarse pitch, adapted to holding fast in wood. See Illust. of Wood screw, under Wood.
SCREW
Screw, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Screwed; p. pr. & vb. n. Screwing.]
1. To turn, as a screw; to apply a screw to; to press, fasten, or make firm, by means of a screw or screws; as, to screw a lock on a door; to screw a press.
2. To force; to squeeze; to press, as by screws. But screw your courage to the sticking place, And we'll not fail. Shak.
3. Hence: To practice extortion upon; to oppress by unreasonable or extortionate exactions. Our country landlords, by unmeasureable screwing and racking their tenants, have already reduced the miserable people to a worse condition than the peasants in France. swift.
4. To twist; to distort; as, to screw his visage. He screwed his face into a hardened smile. Dryden.
5. To examine rigidly, as a student; to subject to a severe examination. [Cant, American Colleges] To screw out, to press out; to extort. — To screw up, to force; to bring by violent pressure. Howell. — To screw in, to force in by turning or twisting.
SCREW
Screw, v. i.
1. To use violent mans in making exactions; to be oppressive or exacting. Howitt.
2. To turn one's self uneasily with a twisting motion; as, he screws about in his chair.
SCREW-CUTTING
Screw"-cut`ting, a.
Defn: Adapted for forming a screw by cutting; as, a screw-cutting lathe.
SCREW-DRIVER
Screw"-driv`er, n.
Defn: A tool for turning screws so as to drive them into their place.
It has a thin end which enters the nick in the head of the screw.
SCREWER
Screw"er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, screws.
SCREWING
Screw"ing,
Defn: a. & n. from Screw, v. t. Screwing machine. See Screw machine, under Screw.
SCRIBABLE
Scrib"a*ble, a. Etym: [See Scribe.]
Defn: Capable of being written, or of being written upon. [R.]
SCRIBATIOUS
Scri*ba"tious, a. Etym: [See Scribe.]
Defn: Skillful in, or fond of, writing. [Obs.] Barrow.
SCRIBBET
Scrib"bet, n.
Defn: A painter's pencil.
SCRIBBLE
Scrib"ble, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Scrabble.] (Woolen Manuf.)
Defn: To card coarsely; to run through the scribling machine.
SCRIBBLE
Scrib"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scribbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Scribling.]
Etym: [From Scrible.]
1. To write hastily or carelessly, without regard to correctness or elegance; as, to scribble a letter.
2. To fill or cover with careless or worthless writing.
SCRIBBLE
Scrib"ble, v. i.
Defn: To write without care, elegance, or value; to scrawl.
If Mævius scribble in Apollo's spite. Pope.
SCRIBBLE
Scrib"ble, n.
Defn: Hasty or careless writing; a writing of little value; a scrawl; as, a hasty scribble. Boyle. Neither did I but vacant seasons spend In this my scribble. Bunyan.
SCRIBBLEMENT
Scrib"ble*ment, n.
Defn: A scribble. [R.] oster.
SCRIBBLER
Scrib"bler, n.
Defn: One who scribles; a literary hack.
The scribbler, pinched with hunger, writes to dine. Granville.
SCRIBBLER
Scrib"bler, n.
Defn: A scribbling machine.
SCRIBBLING
Scrib"bling, n. Etym: [See 1st Scribble.]
Defn: The act or process of carding coarsely. Scribbing machine, the machine used for the first carding of wool or other fiber; — called also scribbler.
SCRIBBLING
Scrib"bling, a.
Defn: Writing hastily or poorly.
Ye newspaper witlings! ye pert scribbling folks! Goldsmith.
SCRIBBLING
Scrib"bling, n.
Defn: The act of writing hastily or idly.
SCRIBBLINGLY
Scrib"bling*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scribbling manner.
SCRIBE
Scribe, n. Etym: [L. scriba, fr. scribere to write; cf. Gr. scarify.
Cf. Ascribe, Describe, Script, Scrivener, Scrutoire.]
1. One who writes; a draughtsman; a writer for another; especially, an offical or public writer; an amanuensis or secretary; a notary; a copyist.
2. (Jewish Hist.)
Defn: A writer and doctor of the law; one skilled in the law and traditions; one who read and explained the law to the people.
SCRIBE
Scribe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scribed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scribing.]
1. To write, engrave, or mark upon; to inscribe. Spenser.
2. (Carp.)
Defn: To cut (anything) in such a way as to fit closely to a somewhat irregular surface, as a baseboard to a floor which is out of level, a board to the curves of a molding, or the like; — so called because the workman marks, or scribe, with the compasses the line that he afterwards cuts.
3. To score or mark with compasses or a scribing iron. Scribing iron, an iron-pointed instrument for scribing, or marking, casks and logs.
SCRIBE
Scribe, v. i.
Defn: To make a mark. With the separated points of a pair of spring dividers scribe around the edge of the templet. A. M. Mayer.
SCRIBER
Scrib"er, n.
Defn: A sharp-pointed tool, used by joiners for drawing lines on stuff; a marking awl.
SCRIBISM
Scrib"ism, n.
Defn: The character and opinions of a Jewish scribe in the time of
Christ. F. W. Robertson.
SCRID
Scrid, n.
Defn: A screed; a shred; a fragment. [R.]
SCRIGGLE
Scrig"gle, v. i.
Defn: To wriggle. [Prov. Eng.]
SCRIM
Scrim, n.
1. A kind of light cotton or linen fabric, often woven in openwork patterns, — used for curtains, etc,; — called also India scrim.
2. pl.
Defn: Thin canvas glued on the inside of panels to prevent shrinking, checking, etc.
SCRIMER
Scri"mer, n. Etym: [F. escrimeur. See Skirmish.]
Defn: A fencing master. [Obs.] Shak.
SCRIMMAGE Scrim"mage (; 48), n. Etym: [A corruption of skirmish. "Sore scrymmishe." Ld. Berners.]] [Written also scrummage.]
1. Formerly, a skirmish; now, a general row or confused fight or struggle.
2. (Football)
Defn: The struggle in the rush lines after the ball is put in play.
SCRIMP
Scrimp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrimped; p. pr. & vb. n. Scrimping.]
Etym: [Cf. Dan. skrumpe, G. schrumpfen, D. krimpen. Cf. Shrimp,
Shrine.]
Defn: To make too small or short; to limit or straiten; to put on short allowance; to scant; to contract; to shorten; as, to scrimp the pattern of a coat.
SCRIMP
Scrimp, a.
Defn: Short; scanty; curtailed.
SCRIMP
Scrimp, n.
Defn: A pinching miser; a niggard. [U.S.]
SCRIMPING
Scrimp"ing,
Defn: a. & n. from Scrimp, v. t. Scrimping bar, a device used in connection with a calico printing machine for stretching the fabric breadthwise so that it may be smooth for printing. Knight.
SCRIMPINGLY
Scrimp"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scrimping manner.
SCRIMPNESS
Scrimp"ness, n.
Defn: The state of being scrimp.
SCRIMPTION
Scrimp"tion, n.
Defn: A small portion; a pittance; a little bit. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
SCRIMSHAW
Scrim"shaw`, v. t.
Defn: To ornament, as shells, ivory, etc., by engraving, and (usually) rubbing pigments into the incised lines. [Sailor's cant. U.S.]
SCRIMSHAW
Scrim"shaw`, n.
Defn: A shell, a whale's tooth, or the like, that is scrimshawed.
[Sailor's cant, U.S.]
SCRINE
Scrine, n. Etym: [L. scrinium a case for books, letters, etc.: cf.
OF. escrin, F. écrin. See Shrine.]
Defn: A chest, bookcase, or other place, where writings or curiosities are deposited; a shrine. [Obs.] But laid them up in immortial scrine. Spenser.
SCRINE
Scrine, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scringed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scringing.]
Etym: [Cf. Cringe.]
Defn: To cringe. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]
SCRINGE
Scringe, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scringed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scringing.]
[Cf. Cringe.]
Defn: To cringe. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.S.]
SCRIP
Scrip, n. Etym: [OE. scrippe, probably of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. &
OSw. skreppa, and also LL. scrippum, OF. esquerpe, escrepe, F.
écharpe scarf. Cf. Scarp, Scarf a piece of dress.]
Defn: A small bag; a wallet; a satchel. [Archaic] Chaucer.
And in requital ope his leathern scrip. Milton.
SCRIP
Scrip, n. Etym: [From script.]
1. A small writing, certificate, or schedule; a piece of paper containing a writing. Call them generally, man by man, according to the scrip. Shak. Bills of exchange can not pay our debts abroad, till scrips of paper can be made current coin. Locke.
2. A preliminary certificate of a subscription to the capital of a bank, railroad, or other company, or for a share of other joint property, or a loan, stating the amount of the subscription and the date of the payment of the installments; as, insurance scrip, consol scrip, etc. When all the installments are paid, the scrip is exchanged for a bond share certificate.
3. Paper fractional currency. [Colloq.U.S.]
SCRIPPAGE
Scrip"page (; 48), n.
Defn: The contents of a scrip, or wallet. [Obs.] Shak.
SCRIPT Script, n. Etym: [OE. scrit, L. scriptum something written, fr. scribere, scriptum to write: cf. OF. escript, , F. écrit. See Scribe, and cf. Scrip a writing.]
1. A writing; a written document. [Obs.] aucer.
2. (Print.)
Defn: Type made in imitation of handwriting.
3. (Law)
Defn: An original instrument or document.
4. Written characters; style of writing.
SCRIPTORIUM
Scrip*to"ri*um, n.; pl. Scriptoria. Etym: [LL. See Scriptory.]
Defn: In an abbey or monastery, the room set apart for writing or copying manuscripts; in general, a room devoted to writing. Writing rooms, or scriptoria, where the chief works of Latin literature . . . were copied and illuminated. J. R. Green.
SCRIPTORY Scrip"to*ry, a. Etym: [L. scriptorius, fr. scribere, scriptum to write.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to writing; expressed in writing; used in writing; as, scriptory wills; a scriptory reed. [R.] Swift.
SCRIPTURAL
Scrip"tur*al, a.
Defn: Contained in the Scriptures; according to the Scriptures, or sacred oracles; biblical; as, a scriptural doctrine.
SCRIPTURALISM
Scrip"tur*al*ism, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being scriptural; literal adherence to the Scriptures.
SCRIPTURALIST
Scrip"tur*al*ist, n.
Defn: One who adheres literally to the Scriptures.
SCRIPTURALLY
Scrip"tur*al*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scriptural manner.
SCRIPTURALNESS
Scrip"tur*al*ness, n.
Defn: Quality of being scriptural.
SCRIPTURE Scrip"ture, n. Etym: [L. scriptura, fr. scribere, scriptum, to write: cf. OF. escripture, escriture, F. écriture. See Scribe.]
1. Anything written; a writing; a document; an inscription. I have put it in scripture and in remembrance. Chaucer. Then the Lord of Manny read the scripture on the tomb, the which was in Latin. Ld. Berners.
2. The books of the Old and the new Testament, or of either of them; the Bible; — used by way of eminence or distinction, and chiefly in the plural. There is not any action a man ought to do, or to forbear, but the Scripture will give him a clear precept or prohibition for it. South. Compared with the knowledge which the Scripteres contain, every other subject of human inquiry is vanity. Buckminster.
3. A passage from the Bible;; a text. The devil can eite Scripture for his purpose. Shak. Hanging by the twined thread of one doubtful Scripture. Milton.
SCRIPTURIAN
Scrip*tu"ri*an, n.
Defn: A Scripturist. [Obs.]
SCRIPTURIST
Scrip"tur*ist, n.
Defn: One who is strongly attached to, or versed in, the Scriptures, or who endeavors to regulate his life by them. The Puritan was a Scripturist with all his heart, if as yet with imperfect intelligence . . . he cherished the scheme of looking to the Word of God as his sole and universal directory. Palfrey.
SCRIT
Scrit, n. Etym: [See Script.]
Defn: Writing; document; scroll. [Obs.] "Of every scrit and bond."
Chaucer.
SCRITCH
Scritch, n.
Defn: A screech. [R.]
Perhaps it is the owlet's scritch. Coleridge.
SCRIVENER Scrive"ner ( or ), n. Etym: [From older scrivein, OF. escrivain, F. écrivain, LL. scribanus, from L. scribere to write. See Scribe.]
1. A professional writer; one whose occupation is to draw contracts or prepare writings. Shak. The writer better scrivener than clerk. Fuller.
2. One whose business is to place money at interest; a broker. [Obs.] ryden.
3. A writing master. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Scrivener's palsy. See Writer's cramp, under Writer.
SCROBICULA
Scro*bic"u*la, n.; pl. Scrobiculæ. Etym: [NL. See Scrobiculate.]
(Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the smooth areas surrounding the tubercles of a sea urchin.
SCROBICULAR
Scro*bic"u*lar, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or surrounding, scrobiculæ; as, scrobicular tubercles.
SCROBICULATE; SCROBICULATED Scro*bic"u*late, Scro*bic"u*la`ted, a. Etym: [L. scrobiculus, dim. of scrobis a ditch or trench.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having numerous small, shallow depressions or hollows; pitted.
SCROD; SCRODE
Scrod, Scrode, n.
Defn: A young codfish, especially when cut open on the back and dressed. [Written also escrod.] [Local, U.S.]
SCRODDLED WARE
Scrod"dled ware`.
Defn: Mottled pottery made from scraps of differently colored clays.
SCROFULA Scrof"u*la, n. Etym: [L. scrofulae, fr. scrofa a breeding sow, because swine were supposed to be subject to such a complaint, or by a fanciful comparison of the glandular swellings to little pigs; perhaps akin to Gr. scrofules. Cf. Scroyle.] (Med.)
Defn: A constitutional disease, generally hereditary, especially manifested by chronic enlargement and cheesy degeneration of the lymphatic glands, particularly those of the neck, and marked by a tendency to the development of chronic intractable inflammations of the skin, mucous membrane, bones, joints, and other parts, and by a diminution in the power of resistance to disease or injury and the capacity for recovery. Scrofula is now generally held to be tuberculous in character, and may develop into general or local tuberculosis (consumption).
SCROFULIDE
Scrof"u*lide ( or ), n. (Med.)
Defn: Any affection of the skin dependent on scrofula.
SCROFULOUS
Scrof"u*lous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. scrofuleux.]
1. Pertaining to scrofula, or partaking of its nature; as, scrofulous tumors; a scrofulous habit of body.
2. Diseased or affected with scrofula.
Scrofulous persons can never be duly nourished. Arbuthnot.
— Scorf"u*lous*ly, adv.
— Scrof"u*lous*ness, n.
SCROG Scrog, n. Etym: [Cf. Scrag, or Gael. sgrogag anything shriveled, from sgrag to compress, shrivel.]
Defn: A stunted shrub, bush, or branch. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
SCROGGY
Scrog"gy, a.
Defn: Abounding in scrog; also, twisted; stunted. [Prov. Eng. &
Scot.] Halliwell.
SCROLL Scroll, n. Etym: [A dim. of OE. scroue, scrowe (whence E. escrow), OF. escroe, escroue, F. écrou entry in the jail book, LL. scroa scroll, probably of Teutonic origin; cf. OD. schroode a strip, shred, slip of paper, akin to E. shred. Cf. Shred, Escrow.]
1. A roll of paper or parchment; a writing formed into a roll; a
schedule; a list.
The heavens shall be rolled together as a scroll. Isa. xxxiv. 4.
Here is the scroll of every man's name. Shak.
2. (Arch.)
Defn: An ornament formed of undulations giving off spirals or sprays, usually suggestive of plant form. Roman architectural ornament is largely of some scroll pattern.
3. A mark or flourish added to a person's signature, intended to represent a seal, and in some States allowed as a substitute for a seal. [U.S.] Burrill.
4. (Geom.)
Defn: Same as Skew surface. See under Skew. Linen scroll (Arch.) See under Linen. — Scroll chuck (Mach.), an adjustable chuck, applicable to a lathe spindle, for centering and holding work, in which the jaws are adjusted and tightened simultaneously by turning a disk having in its face a spiral groove which is entered by teeth on the backs of the jaws. — Scroll saw. See under Saw.
SCROLLED
Scrolled, a.
Defn: Formed like a scroll; contained in a scroll; adorned with scrolls; as, scrolled work.
SCROPHULARIA Scroph`u*la"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL. So called because it was reputed to be remedy for scrofula.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of coarse herbs having small flowers in panicled cymes; figwort.
SCROPHULARIACEOUS
Scroph`u*la`ri*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to a very large natural order of gamopetalous plants (Scrophulariaceæ, or Scrophularineæ), usually having irregular didynamous flowers and a two-celled pod. The order includes the mullein, foxglove, snapdragon, figwort, painted cup, yellow rattle, and some exotic trees, as the Paulownia.
SCROTAL
Scro"tal, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the scrotum; as, scrotal hernia.
SCROTIFORM
Scro"ti*form, a. Etym: [L. scrotum scrotum + -form.]
Defn: Purse-shaped; pouch-shaped.
SCROTOCELE
Scro"to*cele, n. Etym: [Scrotum + Gr. scrotocéle.] (Med.)
Defn: A rupture or hernia in the scrotum; scrotal hernia.
SCROTUM
Scro"tum, n. Etym: [L.] (Anat.)
Defn: The bag or pouch which contains the testicles; the cod.
SCROUGE
Scrouge, v. t. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]
Defn: To crowd; to squeeze. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]
SCROW
Scrow ( or ), n. Etym: [See Escrow, Scroll.]
1. A scroll. [Obs.] Palsgrave.
2. A clipping from skins; a currier's cuttings.
SCROYLE
Scroyle, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. escrouselle a kind of vermin, escrouelles,
pl., scrofula, F. écrouelles, fr. (assumed) LL. scrofulae. See
Scrofula, and cf. Cruels.]
Defn: A mean fellow; a wretch. [Obs.] hak.
SCRUB
Scrub, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrubbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scrubbing.]
Etym: [OE. scrobben, probably of Dutch or Scand. origin; cf. Dan.
sckrubbe, Sw. skrubba, D. schrobben, LG. schrubben.]
Defn: To rub hard; to wash with rubbing; usually, to rub with a wet brush, or with something coarse or rough, for the purpose of cleaning or brightening; as, to scrub a floor, a doorplate.
SCRUB
Scrub, v. i.
Defn: To rub anything hard, especially with a wet brush; to scour; hence, to be diligent and penurious; as, to scrub hard for a living.
SCRUB
Scrub, n.
1. One who labors hard and lives meanly; a mean fellow. "A sorry scrub." Bunyan. We should go there in as proper a manner possible; nor altogether like the scrubs about us. Goldsmith.
2. Something small and mean.
3. A worn-out brush. Ainsworth.
4. A thicket or jungle, often specified by the name of the prevailing plant; as, oak scrub, palmetto scrub, etc.
5. (Stock Breeding)
Defn: One of the commen live stock of a region of no particular breed or not of pure breed, esp. when inferior in size, etc. [U.S.] Scrub bird (Zoöl.), an Australian passerine bird of the family Atrichornithidæ, as Atrichia clamosa; — called also brush bird. — Scrub oak (Bot.), the popular name of several dwarfish species of oak. The scrub oak of New England and the Middle States is Quercus ilicifolia, a scraggy shrub; that of the Southern States is a small tree (Q. Catesbæi); that of the Rocky Mountain region is Q. undulata, var. Gambelii. — Scrub robin (Zoöl.), an Australian singing bird of the genus Drymodes.
SCRUB
Scrub, a.
Defn: Mean; dirty; contemptible; scrubby.
How solitary, how scrub, does this town lokk! Walpole.
No little scrub joint shall come on my board. Swift.
Scrub game, a game, as of ball, by unpracticed players.
— Scrub race, a race between scrubs, or between untrained animals
or contestants.
SCRUBBED
Scrub"bed, a.
Defn: Dwarfed or stunted; scrubby.
SCRUBBER
Scrub"ber, n.
1. One who, or that which, scrubs; esp., a brush used in scrubbing.
2. (Gas Manuf.)
Defn: A gas washer. See under Gas.
SCRUBBOARD
Scrub"board`, n.
Defn: A baseboard; a mopboard.
SCRUBBY
Scrub"by, a. [Compar. Scrubbier; superl. Scrubbiest.]
Defn: Of the nature of scrub; small and mean; stunted in growth; as, a scrubby cur. "Dense, scrubby woods." Duke of Argull.
SCRUBSTONE
Scrub"stone`, n.
Defn: A species of calciferous sandstone. [Prov. Eng.]
SCRUFF
Scruff, n. Etym: [See Scurf.]
Defn: Scurf. [Obs.]
SCRUFF
Scruff, n. Etym: [Cf. Scuff.]
Defn: The nape of the neck; the loose outside skin, as of the back of the neck.
SCRUMMAGE
Scrum"mage (; 43), n.
Defn: See Scrimmage.
SCRUMPTIOUS
Scrump"tious, a.
Defn: Nice; particular; fastidious; excellent; fine. [Slang]
SCRUNCH
Scrunch, v. t. & v. i. Etym: [Cf. Scranch, Crunch.]
Defn: To scranch; to crunch. Dickens.
SCRUPLE Scru"ple, n. Etym: [L. scrupulus a small sharp or pointed stone, the twenty-fourth part of an ounce, a scruple, uneasiness, doubt, dim. of scrupus a rough or sharp stone, anxiety, uneasiness; perh. akin to Gr. kshura: cf. F. scrupule.]
1. A weight of twenty grains; the third part of a dram.
2. Hence, a very small quantity; a particle. I will not bate thee a scruple. Shak.
3. Hesitation as to action from the difficulty of determining what is right or expedient; unwillingness, doubt, or hesitation proceeding from motives of conscience. He was made miserable by the conflict between his tastes and his scruples. Macaulay. To make scruple, to hesitate from conscientious motives; to scruple. Locke.
SCRUPLE
Scru"ple, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scrupled; p. pr. & vb. n. Skrupling.]
Defn: To be reluctant or to hesitate, as regards an action, on
account of considerations of conscience or expedience.
We are often over-precise, scrupling to say or do those things which
lawfully we may. Fuller.
Men scruple at the lawfulness of a set form of divine worship. South.
SCRUPLE
Scru"ple, v. t.
1. To regard with suspicion; to hesitate at; to question. Others long before them . . . scrupled more the books of hereties than of gentiles. Milton.
2. To excite scruples in; to cause to scruple. [R.] Letters which did still scruple many of them. E. Symmons.
SCRUPLER
Scru"pler, n.
Defn: One who scruples.
SCRUPULIST
Scru"pu*list, n.
Defn: A scrupler. [Obs.]
SCRUPULIZE
Scru"pu*lize, v. t.
Defn: To perplex with scruples; to regard with scruples. [Obs.] Bp.
Montagu.
SCRUPULOSITY
Scru`pu*los"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. scrupulositas.]
Defn: The quality or state of being scruppulous; doubt; doubtfulness respecting decision or action; caution or tenderness from the far of doing wrong or ofending; nice regard to exactness and propierty; precision. The first sacrilege is looked on with horror; but when they have made the breach, their scrupulosity soon retires. Dr. H. More. Careful, even to scrupulosity, . . . to keep their Sabbath. South.
SCRUPULOUS
Scru"pu*lous, a. Etym: [L. scrupulosus: cf. F. scrupuleux.]
1. Full ofscrupules; inclined to scruple; nicely doubtful; hesitating to determine or to act, from a fear of offending or of doing wrong. Abusing their liberty, to the offense of their weak brethren which were scrupulous. Hooker.
2. Careful; cautious; exact; nice; as, scrupulous abstinence from labor; scrupulous performance of duties.
3. Given to making objections; captious. [Obs.] Equality of two domestic powers Breed scrupulous faction. Shak.
4. Liable to be doubted; doubtful; nice. [Obs.] The justice of that cause ought to be evident; not obscrure, not scrupulous. Bacon.
Syn.
— Cautious; careful; conscientious; hesitating.
— Scru"pu*lous*ly, adv.
— Scru"pu*lous*ness, n.
SCRUTABLE
Scru"ta*ble, a.
Defn: Discoverable by scrutiny, inquiry, or critical examination.
[R.] r. H. More.
SCRUTATION
Scru*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. scrutatio.]
Defn: Search; scrutiny. [Obs.]
SCRUTATOR
Scru*ta"tor, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: One who scrutinizes; a close examiner or inquirer. Ayliffe.
SCRUTIN DE LISTE
Scru`tin" de liste" (skrus`taN" de lest). [F., voting by list.]
Defn: Voting for a group of candidates for the same kind of office on one ticket or ballot, containing a list of them; — the method, used in France, as from June, 1885, to Feb., 1889, in elections for the Chamber of Deputies, each elector voting for the candidates for the whole department in which he lived, as disting. from scrutin d'arrondissement (da`rôN`des`mäN"), or voting by each elector for the candidate or candidates for his own arrondissement only.
SCRUTINEER
Scru`ti*neer, n.
Defn: A scrutinizer; specifically, an examiner of votes, as at an election.
SCRUTINIZE
Scru"ti*nize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scrutinized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Scrutinizing.] Etym: [From Scrutiny.]
Defn: To examine closely; to inspect or observe with critical attention; to regard narrowly; as, to scrutinize the measures of administration; to scrutinize the conduct or motives of individuals. Whose votes they were obliged to scrutinize. Ayliffe. Thscrutinized his face the closest. G. W. Cable.
SCRUTINIZE
Scru"ti*nize, v. i.
Defn: To make scrutiny.
SCRUTINIZER
Scru"ti*ni`zer, n.
Defn: One who scrutinizes.
SCRUTINOUS
Scru"ti*nous, a.
Defn: Closely examining, or inquiring; careful; sctrict.
— Scru"ti*nous*ly, adv.
SCRUTINY Scru"ti*ny, n. Etym: [L. scrutinium, fr. scrutari to search carefuly, originally, to search even to the rags, fr. scruta trash, trumpery; perhaps akin to E. shred: cf. AS. scrudnian to make scrutiny.]
1. Close examination; minute inspection; critical observation. They that have designed exactness and deep scrutiny have taken some one part of nature. Sir M. Hale. Thenceforth I thought thee worth my nearer view And narrower scrutiny. Milton.
2. (Anc. Church)
Defn: An examination of catechumens, in the last week of Lent, who were to receive baptism on Easter Day.
3. (Canon Law)
Defn: A ticket, or little paper billet, on which a vote is written.
4. (Parliamentary Practice)
Defn: An examination by a committee of the votes given at an election, for the purpose of correcting the poll. Brande & C.
SCRUTINY
Scru"ti*ny, v. t.
Defn: To scrutinize. [Obs.]
SCRUTOIRE
Scru*toire", n. Etym: [OF. escritoire. See Escritoire.]
Defn: A escritoire; a writing desk.
SCRUZE
Scruze, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Excruciate.]
Defn: To squeeze, compress, crush, or bruise. [Obs. or Low] Spenser.
SCRY
Scry, v. t.
Defn: To descry. [Obs.] Spenser.
SCRY
Scry, n. Etym: [From Scry, v.]
Defn: A flock of wild fowl.
SCRY
Scry, n. Etym: [OE. ascrie, fr. ascrien to cry out, fr. OF. escrier,
F. s'écrier. See Ex-, and Cry.]
Defn: A cry or shout. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.
SCUD
Scud, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scudded; p. pr. & vb. n. Scudding.] Etym:
[Dan. skyde to shoot, shove, push, akin to skud shot, gunshot, a
shoot, young bough, and to E. shoot. sq. root159. See Shoot.]
1. To move swiftly; especially, to move as if driven forward by something. The first nautilus that scudded upon the glassy surface of warm primeval oceans. I. Taylor. The wind was high; the vast white clouds scudded over the blue heaven. Beaconsfield.
2. (Naut.)
Defn: To be driven swiftly, or to run, before a gale, with little or no sail spread.
SCUD
Scud, v. t.
Defn: To pass over quickly. [R.] Shenstone.
SCUD
Scud, n.
1. The act of scudding; a driving along; a rushing with precipitation.
2. Loose, vapory clouds driven swiftly by the wind.
Borne on the scud of the sea. Longfellow.
The scud was flying fast above us, throwing a veil over the moon. Sir
S. Baker.
3. A slight, sudden shower. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
4. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A small flight of larks, or other birds, less than a flock.
[Prov. Eng.]
5. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any swimming amphipod crustacean. Storm scud. See the Note under Cloud.
SCUDDLE
Scud"dle, v. i. Etym: [Freq. of scud: cf. Scuttle to hurry.]
Defn: To run hastily; to hurry; to scuttle.
SCUDO Scu"do, n.; pl. Scudi. Etym: [It., a crown, a dollar, a shield, fr. L. scutum a shield. Cf. Scute.] (Com.) (a) A silver coin, and money of account, used in Italy and Sicily, varying in value, in different parts, but worth about 4 shillings sterling, or about 96 cents; also, a gold coin worth about the same. (b) A gold coin of Rome, worth 64 shillings 11 pence sterling, or about $ 15.70.
SCUFF Scuff, n. Etym: [Cf. D. schoft shoulder, Goth. skuft hair of the head. Cf. Scruff.]
Defn: The back part of the neck; the scruff. [Prov. Eng.] Ld. Lytton.
SCUFF
Scuff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scuffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scuffing.] Etym:
[See Scuffle.]
Defn: To walk without lifting the feet; to proceed with a scraping or dragging movement; to shuffle.
SCUFFLE
Scuf"fle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scuffled; p. pr. & vb. n. Scuffling.]
Etym: [Freq. of scuff, v.i.; cf. Sw. skuffa to push, shove, skuff a
push, Dan. skuffe a drawer, a shovel, and E. shuffle, shove. See
Shove, and cf. Shuffle.]
1. To strive or struggle with a close grapple; to wrestle in a rough fashion.
2. Hence, to strive or contend tumultuously; to struggle confusedly or at haphazard. A gallant man had rather fight to great disadvantage in the field, in an orderly way, than scuffle with an undisciplined rabble. Eikon Basilike.
SCUFFLE
Scuf"fle, n.
1. A rough, haphazard struggle, or trial of strength; a disorderly wrestling at close quarters.
2. Hence, a confused contest; a tumultuous struggle for superiority; a fight. The dog leaps upon the serpent, and tears it to pieces; but in the scuffle the cradle happened to be overturned. L'Estrange.
3. A child's pinafore or bib. [Prov. Eng.]
4. A garden hoe. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
SCUFFLER
Scuf"fler, n.
1. One who scuffles.
2. An agricultural implement resembling a scarifier, but usually lighter.
SCUG Scug, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Dan. skugge to darken, a shade, SW. skugga to shade, a shade, Icel. skuggja to shade, skuggi a shade.]
Defn: To hide. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
SCUG
Scug, n.
Defn: A place of shelter; the declivity of a hill. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
SCULK; SCULKER
Sculk, Sculk"er.
Defn: See Skulk, Skulker.
SCULL
Scull, n. (Anat.)
Defn: The skull. [Obs.]
SCULL
Scull, n. Etym: [See 1st School.]
Defn: A shoal of fish. Milton.
SCULL
Scull, n. Etym: [Of uncertain origin; cf. Icel. skola to wash.]
1. (Naut.) (a) A boat; a cockboat. See Sculler. (b) One of a pair of short oars worked by one person. (c) A single oar used at the stern in propelling a boat.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The common skua gull. [Prov. Eng.]
SCULL
Scull, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sculled; p. pr. & vb. n. Sculling.]
(Naut.)
Defn: To impel (a boat) with a pair of sculls, or with a single scull or oar worked over the stern obliquely from side to side.
SCULL
Scull, v. i.
Defn: To impel a boat with a scull or sculls.
SCULLER
Scull"er, n.
1. A boat rowed by one man with two sculls, or short oars. [R.] Dryden.
2. One who sculls.
SCULLERY Scul"ler*y, n.; pl. Sculleries. Etym: [Probably originally, a place for washing dishes, and for swillery, fr. OE. swilen to wash, AS. swilian (see Swill to wash, to drink), but influenced either by Icel. skola, skyla, Dan. skylle, or by OF. escuelier a place for keeping dishes, fr. escuele a dish, F. écuelle, fr. L. scutella a salver, waiter (cf. Scuttle a basket); or perhaps the English word is immediately from the OF. escuelier; cf. OE. squyllare a dishwasher.]
1. A place where dishes, kettles, and culinary utensils, are cleaned and kept; also, a room attached to the kitchen, where the coarse work is done; a back kitchen.
2. Hence, refuse; fifth; offal. [Obs.] auden.
SCULLION
Scul"lion, n. (Bot.)
Defn: A scalion.
SCULLION Scul"lion, n. Etym: [OF. escouillon (Cot.) a dishclout, apparently for escouvillon, F. écouvillon a swab; cf. also OF. souillon a servant employed for base offices. Cf. Scovel.]
Defn: A servant who cleans pots and kettles, and does other menial services in the kitchen. The meanest scullion that followed his camp. South.
SCULLIONLY
Scul"lion*ly, a.
Defn: Like a scullion; base. [Obs.] Milton.
SCULP
Sculp, v. t. Etym: [See Sculptor.]
Defn: To sculpture; to carve; to engrave. [Obs. or Humorous.] Sandys.
SCULPIN Scul"pin, n. Etym: [Written also skulpin.] (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of numerous species of marine cottoid fishes of the genus Cottus, or Acanthocottus, having a large head armed with sharp spines, and a broad mouth. They are generally mottled with yellow, brown, and black. Several species are found on the Atlantic coasts of Europe and America. (b) A large cottoid market fish of California (Scorpænichthys marmoratus); — called also bighead, cabezon, scorpion, salpa. (c) The dragonet, or yellow sculpin, of Europe (Callionymus lura).
Note: The name is also applied to other related California species.
Deep-water sculpin, the sea raven.
SCULPTILE
Sculp"tile, a. Etym: [L. sculptilis. See Sculptor.]
Defn: Formed by carving; graven; as, sculptile images. [Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.
SCULPTOR Sculp"tor, n. Etym: [L. sculptor, fr. sculpere, sculptum, to carve; cf. scalpere to cut, carve, scratch, and Gr. sculpteur.]
1. One who sculptures; one whose occupation is to carve statues, or works of sculpture.
2. Hence, an artist who designs works of sculpture, his first studies and his finished model being usually in a plastic material, from which model the marble is cut, or the bronze is cast.
SCULPTRESS
Sculp"tress, n.
Defn: A female sculptor.
SCULPTURAL
Sculp"tur*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to sculpture. G. Eliot.
SCULPTURE
Sculp"ture, n. Etym: [L. sculptura: cf. F. sculpture.]
1. The art of carving, cutting, or hewing wood, stone, metal, etc., into statues, ornaments, etc., or into figures, as of men, or other things; hence, the art of producing figures and groups, whether in plastic or hard materials.
2. Carved work modeled of, or cut upon, wood, stone, metal, etc. There, too, in living sculpture, might be seen The mad affection of the Cretan queen. Dryden.
SCULPTURE
Sculp"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sculptured (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Sculpturing.]
Defn: To form with the chisel on, in, or from, wood, stone, or metal; to carve; to engrave. Sculptured tortoise (Zoöl.), a common North American wood tortoise (Glyptemys insculpta). The shell is marked with strong grooving and ridges which resemble sculptured figures.
SCULPTURESQUE
Sculp`tur*esque", a.
Defn: After the manner of sculpture; resembling, or relating to, sculpture.
SCUM Scum, n. Etym: [Of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. & Sw. skum, Icel. sk, LG. schum, D. schuim, OHG. sc, G. schaum; probably from a root meaning, to cover. sq. root158. Cf. Hide skin, Meerschaum, Skim, v., Sky.]
1. The extraneous matter or impurities which rise to the surface of liquids in boiling or fermentation, or which form on the surface by other means; also, the scoria of metals in a molten state; dross. Some to remove the scum it did rise. Spenser.
2. refuse; recrement; anything vile or worthless. The great and innocent are insulted by the scum and refuse of the people. Addison.
SCUM
Scum, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scummed; p. pr. & vb. n. Scumming.]
1. To take the scum from; to clear off the impure matter from the surface of; to skim. You that scum the molten lead. Dryden & Lee.
2. To sweep or range over the surface of. [Obs.] Wandering up and down without certain seat, they lived by scumming those seas and shores as pirates. Milton.
SCUM
Scum, v. i.
Defn: To form a scum; to become covered with scum. Also used
figuratively.
Life, and the interest of life, have stagnated and scummed over. A.
K. H. Boyd.
SCUMBER
Scum"ber, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Discumber.]
Defn: To void excrement. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Massinger.
SCUMBER
Scum"ber, n.
Defn: Dung. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
SCUMBLE
Scum"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scumbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Scumbling.]
Etym: [Freq. of scum. sq. root 158.] (Fine Arts)
Defn: To cover lighty, as a painting, or a drawing, with a thin wash of opaque color, or with color-crayon dust rubbed on with the stump, or to make any similar additions to the work, so as to produce a softened effect.
SCUMBLING
Scum"bling, n.
1. (Fine Arts) (a) A mode of obtaining a softened effect, in painting and drawing, by the application of a thin layer of opaque color to the surface of a painting, or part of the surface, which is too bright in color, or which requires harmonizing. (b) In crayon drawing, the use of the stump.
2. The color so laid on. Also used figuratively. Shining above the brown scumbling of leafless orchards. L. Wallace.
SCUMMER
Scum"mer, v. i.
Defn: To scumber. [Obs.] Holland.
SCUMMER
Scum"mer, n.
Defn: Excrement; scumber. [Obs.]
SCUMMER
Scum"mer, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. escumoire, F. écumoire. See Scum, and cf.
Skimmer.]
Defn: An instrument for taking off scum; a skimmer.
SCUMMING Scum"ming, n. (a) The act of taking off scum. (b) That which is scummed off; skimmings; scum; — used chiefly in the plural.
SCUMMY
Scum"my, a.
Defn: Covered with scum; of the nature of scum. Sir P. Sidney.
SCUNNER
Scun"ner, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Shun.]
Defn: To cause to loathe, or feel disgust at. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
SCUNNER
Scun"ner, v. i.
Defn: To have a feeling of loathing or disgust; hence, to have dislike, prejudice, or reluctance. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] C. Kingsley.
SCUNNER
Scun"ner, n.
Defn: A feeling of disgust or loathing; a strong prejudice; abhorrence; as, to take a scunner against some one. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] Carlyle.
SCUP
Scup, n. Etym: [D. schop.]
Defn: A swing. [Local, U.S.]
SCUP Scup, n. Etym: [Contr. fr. American Indian mishcùp, fr. mishe-kuppi large, thick-scaled.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A marine sparoid food fish (Stenotomus chrysops, or S. argyrops), common on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It appears bright silvery when swimming in the daytime, but shows broad blackish transverse bands at night and when dead. Called also porgee, paugy, porgy, scuppaug.
Note: The same names are also applied to a closely allied Southern species. (Stenotomus Gardeni).
SCUPPAUG Scup"paug, n. Etym: [Contr. fr. Amer. Indian mishcuppauog, pl. of mishcup.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: See 2d Scup.
SCUPPER Scup"per, n. Etym: [OF. escopir, escupir, to spit, perhaps for escospir, L. ex + conspuere to spit upon; pref. con- + spuere to spit. Cf. Spit, v.] (Naut.)
Defn: An opening cut through the waterway and bulwarks of a ship, so that water falling on deck may flow overboard; — called also scupper hole.
Scupper hose (Naut.), a pipe of leather, canvas, etc., attached to the mouth of the scuppers, on the outside of a vessel, to prevent the water from entering. Totten. — Scupper nail (Naut.), a nail with a very broad head, for securing the edge of the hose to the scupper. — Scupper plug (Naut.), a plug to stop a scupper. Totten.
SCUPPERNONG
Scup"per*nong, n. Etym: [Probably of American Indian origin.] (Bot.)
Defn: An American grape, a form of Vitis vulpina, found in the
Southern Atlantic States, and often cultivated.
SCUR
Scur, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Scour to run.]
Defn: To move hastily; to scour. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
SCURF Scurf, n. Etym: [AS. scurf, sceorf, or from Scand.; cf. Sw. skorf, Dan. skurv, Icel. skurfur, D. schurft, G. schorf; all akin to AS. scurf, and to AS. sceorfan to scrape, to gnaw, G. schürfen to scrape, and probably also to E. scrape. Cf. Scurvy.]
1. Thin dry scales or scabs upon the body; especially, thin scales exfoliated from the cuticle, particularly of the scalp; dandruff.
2. Hence, the foul remains of anything adherent. The scurf is worn away of each committed crime. Dryden.
3. Anything like flakes or scales adhering to a surface. There stood a hill not far, whose grisly top Belched fire and rolling smoke; the rest entire Shone with a glossy scurf. Milton.
4. (Bot.)
Defn: Minute membranous scales on the surface of some leaves, as in the goosefoot. Gray.
SCURFF
Scurff, n.
Defn: The bull trout. [Prov. Eng.]
SCURFINESS
Scurf"i*ness, n.
1. Quality or state of being scurfy.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: Scurf.
SCURFY
Scurf"y, a. [Compar. Scurfier; superl. Scurfiest.]
Defn: Having or producing scurf; covered with scurf; resembling scurf.
SCURRIER
Scur"ri*er, n.
Defn: One who scurries.
SCURRILE
Scur"rile, a. Etym: [L. scurrilis, fr. scurra a bufoon, jester: cf.
F. scurrile.]
Defn: Such as befits a buffoon or vulgar jester; grossly opprobrious
or loudly jocose in language; scurrilous; as, scurrile taunts.
The wretched affectation of scurrile laughter. Cowley.
A scurrile or obscene jest will better advance you at the court of
Charles than father's ancient name. Sir W. Scott.
SCURRILITY
Scur*ril"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. scurrilitas: cf. F.scurrilité.]
1. The quality or state of being scurrile or scurrilous; mean, vile, or obscene jocularity. Your reasons . . . have been sharp and sententious, pleasant without scurrility. Shak.
2. That which is scurrile or scurrilous; gross or obscene language; low buffoonery; vulgar abuse. Interrupting prayers and sermons with clamor and scurrility. Macaulay.
Syn.
— Scurrilousness; abuse; insolence; vulgarity; indecency.
SCURRILOUS
Scur"ril*ous, a. Etym: [See Scurrile.]
1. Using the low and indecent language of the meaner sort of people, or such as only the license of buffoons can warrant; as, a scurrilous fellow.
2. Containing low indecency or abuse; mean; foul; vile; obscenely jocular; as, scurrilous language. The absurd and scurrilous sermon which had very unwisely been honored with impeachment. Macaulay.
Syn.
— Opprobrious; abusive; reproachful; insulting; insolent;
offensive; gross; vile; vulgar; low; foul; foul-mounthed; indecent;
scurrile; mean.
— Scur"ril*ous*ly, adv.
— Scur"ril*ous*ness, n.
SCURRIT
Scur"rit, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: the lesser tern (Sterna minuta). [Prov. Eng.]
SCURRY
Scur"ry, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Scur, Skirr.]
Defn: To hasten away or along; to move rapidly; to hurry; as, the rabbit scurried away.
SCURRY
Scur"ry, n.
Defn: Act of scurring; hurried movement.
SCURVILY
Scur"vi*ly, adv.
Defn: In a scurvy manner.
SCURVINESS
Scur"vi*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being scurvy; vileness; meanness.
SCURVY Scur"vy, a. [Compar. Scurvier; superl. Scurviest.] Etym: [From Scurf; cf. Scurvy, n.]
1. Covered or affected with scurf or scabs; scabby; scurfy; specifically, diseased with the scurvy. "Whatsoever man . . . be scurvy or scabbed." lev. xxi. 18, 20.
2. Vile; mean; low; vulgar; contemptible. "A scurvy trick." Ld.
Lytton.
That scurvy custom of taking tobacco. Swift.
[He] spoke spoke such scurvy and provoking terms. Shak.
SCURVY
Scur"vy, n. Etym: [Probably from the same source as scirbute, but
influenced by scurf, scurfy, scurvy, adj.; cf. D. scheurbuik scurvy,
G. scharbock, LL. scorbutus. Cf. Scorbute.] (Med.)
Defn: A disease characterized by livid spots, especially about the thighs and legs, due to extravasation of blood, and by spongy gums, and bleeding from almost all the mucous membranes. It is accompanied by paleness, languor, depression, and general debility. It is occasioned by confinement, innutritious food, and hard labor, but especially by lack of fresh vegetable food, or confinement for a long time to a limited range of food, which is incapable of repairing the waste of the system. It was formerly prevalent among sailors and soldiers. Scurvy grass Etym: [Scurvy + grass; or cf. Icel. skarfakal scurvy grass.] (Bot.) A kind of cress (Cochlearia officinalis) growing along the seacoast of Northern Europe and in arctic regions. It is a remedy for the scurvy, and has proved a valuable food to arctic explorers. The name is given also to other allied species of plants.
SCUT
Scut, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. skott a fox's tail. sq. root 159.] [Obs.]
Defn: The tail of a hare, or of a deer, or other animal whose tail is short, sp. when carried erect; hence, sometimes, the animal itself. "He ran like a scut." Skelton. How the Indian hare came to have a long tail, wheras that part in others attains no higher than a scut. Sir T. Browne. My doe with the black scut. Shak.
SCUTA
Scu"ta, n. pl.
Defn: See Scutum.
SCUTAGE
Scu"tage (; 48), n. Etym: [LL. scutagium, from L. scutum a shield.]
(Eng. Hist.)
Defn: Shield money; commutation of service for a sum of money. See
Escuage.
SCUTAL
Scu"tal, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a shield.
A good example of these scutal monstrosities. Cussans.
SCUTATE Scu"tate, a. Etym: [L. scutatus armed with a shield, from scutum a shield.]
1. Buckler-shaped; round or nearly round.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Protected or covered by bony or horny plates, or large scales.
SCUTCH
Scutch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scutched; p. pr. & vb. n. Scutching.]
Etym: [See Scotch to cut slightly.]
1. To beat or whip; to drub. [Old or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
2. To separate the woody fiber from (flax, hemp, etc.) by beating; to swingle.
3. To loosen and dress the fiber of (cotton or silk) by beating; to free (fibrous substances) from dust by beating and blowing. Scutching machine, a machine used to scutch cotton, silk, or flax; — called also batting machine.
SCUTCH
Scutch, n.
1. A wooden instrument used in scutching flax and hemp.
2. The woody fiber of flax; the refuse of scutched flax. "The smoke of the burning scutch." Cuthbert Bede.
SCUTCHEON
Scutch"eon, n. Etym: [Aphetic form of escutcheon.]
1. An escutcheon; an emblazoned shield. Bacon. The corpse lay in state, with all the pomp of scutcheons, wax lights, black hangings, and mutes. Macaulay.
2. A small plate of metal, as the shield around a keyhole. See Escutcheon, 4.
SCUTCHEONED
Scutch"eoned, a.
Defn: Emblazoned on or as a shield.
Scutcheoned panes in cloisters old. Lowell.
SCUTCHER
Scutch"er, n.
1. One who scutches.
2. An implement or machine for scutching hemp, flax, or cotton; etc.; a scutch; a scutching machine.
SCUTCH GRASS
Scutch" grass`. (Bot.)
Defn: A kind of pasture grass (Cynodon Dactylon). See Bermuda grass: also Illustration in Appendix.
SCUTE
Scute, n. Etym: [L. scutum a shield, a buckler. See Scudo.]
1. A small shield. [Obs.] Skelton.
2. An old French gold coin of the value of 3s. 4d. sterling, or about 80 cents.
3. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A bony scale of a reptile or fish; a large horny scale on the leg of a bird, or on the belly of a snake.
SCUTELLA
Scu*tel"la, n. pl.
Defn: See Scutellum.
SCUTELLA
Scu*tel"la, n.; pl. Scutelle. Etym: [NL., fem. dim. of L. scutum.]
(Zoöl.)
Defn: See Scutellum, n., 2.
SCUTELLATE; SCUTELLATED
Scu"tel*late, Scu"tel*la`ted, a. Etym: [L. scutella a dish, salver.
Cf. Scuttle a basket.]
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Formed like a plate or salver; composed of platelike surfaces; as, the scutellated bone of a sturgeon. Woodward.
2. Etym: [See Scutellum.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the tarsi covered with broad transverse scales, or scutella; — said of certain birds.
SCUTELLATION
Scu`tel*la"tion, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: the entire covering, or mode of arrangement, of scales, as on the legs and feet of a bird.
SCUTELLIFORM
Scu*tel"li*form, a. Etym: [L. scutella a dish + -form.]
1. Scutellate.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: Having the form of a scutellum.
SCUTELLIPLANTAR
Scu*tel`li*plan"tar, a. Etym: [L. scutellus a shield + planta foot.]
(Zoöl.)
Defn: Having broad scutella on the front, and small scales on the posterior side, of the tarsus; — said of certain birds.
SCUTELLUM Scu*tel"lum, n.; pl. Scutella. Etym: [NL., neut. dim. of L. scutum a shield.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A rounded apothecium having an elevated rim formed of the proper thallus, the fructification of certain lichens.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The third of the four pieces forming the upper part of a thoracic segment of an insect. It follows the scutum, and is followed by the small postscutellum; a scutella. See Thorax. (b) One of the transverse scales on the tarsi and toes of birds; a scutella.
SCUTIBRANCH
Scu"ti*branch, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Scutibranchiate.
— n.
Defn: One of the Scutibranchiata.
SCUTIBRANCHIA
Scu`ti*bran"chi*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Scutibranchiata.
SCUTIBRANCHIAN
Scu`ti*bran"chi*an, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the Scutibranchiata.
SCUTIBRANCHIATA
Scu`ti*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Scutum, and Branchia.]
(Zoöl.)
Defn: An order of gastropod Mollusca having a heart with two auricles and one ventricle. The shell may be either spiral or shieldlike.
Note: It is now usually regarded as including only the Rhipidoglossa and the Docoglossa. When originally established, it included a heterogenous group of mollusks having shieldlike shells, such as Haliotis, Fissurella, Carinaria, etc.
SCUTIBRANCHIATE
Scu`ti*bran"chi*ate, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the gills protected by a shieldlike shell; of or pertaining to the Scutibranchiata. — n.
Defn: One of the Scutibranchiata.
SCUTIFEROUS
Scu*tif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. scutum shield + -ferous.]
Defn: Carrying a shield or buckler.
SCUTIFORM
Scu"ti*form, a. Etym: [L. scutum shield + -form: cf. F. scutiforme.]
Defn: Shield-shaped; scutate.
SCUTIGER
Scu"ti*ger, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. scutum shield + gerere to bear.]
(Zoöl.)
Defn: Any species of chilopod myriapods of the genus Scutigera. They sometimes enter buildings and prey upon insects.
SCUTIPED Scu"ti*ped, a. Etym: [L. scutum a shield + pes, pedis, a foot: cf. F. scutipède.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the anterior surface of the tarsus covered with scutella, or transverse scales, in the form of incomplete bands terminating at a groove on each side; — said of certain birds.
SCUTTER
Scut"ter, v. i. [Cf. Scuttle, v. i.]
Defn: To run quickly; to scurry; to scuttle. [Prov. Eng.]
A mangy little jackal . . . cocked up his ears and tail, and scuttered across the shallows. Kipling.
SCUTTLE Scut"tle, n. Etym: [AS. scutel a dish, platter; cf. Icel. skutill; both fr. L. scutella, dim. of scutra, scuta, a dish or platter; cf. scutum a shield. Cf. Skillet.]
1. A broad, shallow basket.
2. A wide-mouthed vessel for holding coal: a coal hod.
SCUTTLE
Scut"tle, v. i. Etym: [For scuddle, fr. scud.]
Defn: To run with affected precipitation; to hurry; to bustle; to
scuddle.
With the first dawn of day, old Janet was scuttling about the house
to wake the baron. Sir W. Scott.
SCUTTLE
Scut"tle, n.
Defn: A quick pace; a short run. Spectator.
SCUTTLE Scut"tle, n. Etym: [OF. escoutille, F. éscoutille, cf. Sp. escotilla; probably akin to Sp. escoter to cut a thing so as to make it fit, to hollow a garment about the neck, perhaps originally, to cut a bosom- shaped piece out, and of Teutonic origin; cf. D. schoot lap, bosom, G. schoss, Goth. skauts the hem of a garnment. Cf. Sheet an expanse.]
1. A small opening in an outside wall or covering, furnished with a lid. Specifically: (a) (Naut.) A small opening or hatchway in the deck of a ship, large enough to admit a man, and with a lid for covering it, also, a like hole in the side or bottom of a ship. (b) An opening in the roof of a house, with a lid.
2. The lid or door which covers or closes an opening in a roof, wall, or the like. Scuttle butt, or Scuttle cask (Naut.), a butt or cask with a large hole in it, used to contain the fresh water for daily use in a ship. Totten.
SCUTTLE
Scut"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scuttled; p. pr. & vb. n. Scuttling.]
1. To cut a hole or holes through the bottom, deck, or sides of (as of a ship), for any purpose.
2. To sink by making holes through the bottom of; as, to scuttle a ship.
SCUTUM
Scu"tum, n.; pl. Scuta. Etym: [L.]
1. (Rom. Antiq.)
Defn: An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; — carried chiefly by the heavy- armed infantry.
2. (O. Eng. Law)
Defn: A penthouse or awning. [Obs.] Burrill.
3. (Zoöl.) (a) The second and largest of the four parts forming the upper surface of a thoracic segment of an insect. It is preceded by the prescutum and followed by the scutellum. See the Illust. under Thorax. (b) One of the two lower valves of the operculum of a barnacle.
SCYBALA
Scyb"a*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: Hardened masses of feces.
SCYE
Scye, n.
Defn: Arm scye, a cutter's term for the armhole or part of the armhole of the waist of a garnment. [Cant]
SCYLE
Scyle, v. t. Etym: [AS. scylan to withdraw or remowe.]
Defn: To hide; to secrete; to conceal. [Obs.]
SCYLLA
Scyl"la, n.
Defn: A dangerous rock on the Italian coast opposite the whirpool Charybdis on the coast of Sicily, — both personified in classical literature as ravenous monsters. The passage between them was formerly considered perilous; hence, the saying "Between Scylla and Charybdis," signifying a great peril on either hand.
SCYLLAEA
Scyl*læ"a, n. Etym: [NL. See Scylla.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of oceanic nudibranchiate mollusks having the small branched gills situated on the upper side of four fleshy lateral lobes, and on the median caudal crest.
Note: In color and form these mollusks closely imitate the fronds of sargassum and other floathing seaweeds among which they live.
SCYLLARIAN
Scyl*la"ri*an, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of a family (Scyllaridæ) of macruran Crustacea, remarkable for the depressed form of the body, and the broad, flat antennæ. Also used adjectively.
SCYLLITE
Scyl"lite, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A white crystalline substance of a sweetish taste, resembling inosite and metameric with dextrose. It is extracted from the kidney of the dogfish (of the genus Scylium), the shark, and the skate.
SCYMETAR
Scym"e*tar, n.
Defn: See Scimiter.
SCYPHA
Scy"pha, n.; pl. Scyphae. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)
Defn: See Scyphus, 2 (b).
SCYPHIFORM
Scy"phi*form, a. Etym: [L. scyphus a cup + -form.] (Bot.)
Defn: Cup-shaped.
SCYPHISTOMA
Scy*phis"to*ma, n.; pl. Scyphistomata, Scyphistomæ. Etym: [NL., fr.
Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The young attached larva of Discophora in the stage when it resembles a hydroid, or actinian.
SCYPHOBRANCHII
Scy`pho*bran"chi*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An order of fishes including the blennioid and gobioid fishes, and other related families.
SCYPHOMEDUSA; SCYPHOMEDUSAE Scy`pho*me*du"sa, Scy`pho*me*du"sae, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. medusa.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Acraspeda, or Discophora.
SCYPHOPHORI
Scy*phoph"o*ri, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An order of fresh-water fishes inhabiting tropical Africa. They have rudimentary electrical organs on each side of the tail.
SCYPHUS
Scy"phus, n.; pl. Scyphi. Etym: [L., a cup, Gr.
1. (Antiq.)
Defn: A kind of large drinking cup, — used by Greeks and Romans, esp. by poor folk.
2. (Bot.) (a) The cup of a narcissus, or a similar appendage to the corolla in other flowers. (b) A cup-shaped stem or podetium in lichens. Also called scypha. See Illust. of Cladonia pyxidata, under Lichen.
SCYTHE
Scythe (sith), n. Etym: [OE. sithe, AS. si\'ebe, sigthe; akin to
Icel. sigthr a sickle, LG. segd, seged, seed, seid, OHG. segansa
sickle, scythe, G. sense scythe, and to E. saw a cutting instrument.
See Saw.] [Written also sithe and sythe.]
1. An instrument for mowing grass, grain, or the like, by hand, composed of a long, curving blade, with a sharp edge, made fast to a long handle, called a snath, which is bent into a form convenient for use. The sharp-edged scythe shears up the spiring grass. Dryden. The scythe of Time mows down. Milton.
2. (Antiq.)
Defn: A scythe-shaped blade attached to ancient war chariots.
SCYTHE
Scythe, v. t.
Defn: To cut with a scythe; to cut off as with a scythe; to mow.
[Obs.]
Time had not scythed all that youth begun. Shak.
SCYTHED
Scythed, a.
Defn: Armed scythes, as a chariot.
Chariots scythed, On thundering axles rolled. Glover.
SCYTHEMAN
Scythe"man, n.; pl. Scythemen (.
Defn: One who uses a scythe; a mower. Macaulay.
SCYTHESTONE
Scythe"stone`, n.
Defn: A stone for sharpening scythes; a whetstone.
SCYTHEWHET
Scythe"whet`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Wilson's thrush; — so called from its note. [Local, U.S.]
SCYTHIAN
Scyth"i*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Scythia (a name given to the northern part of Asia, and Europe adjoining to Asia), or its language or inhabitants. Scythian lamb. (Bot.) See Barometz.
SCYTHIAN
Scyth"i*an, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Scythia; specifically (Ethnol.), one of a Slavonic race which in early times occupied Eastern Europe.
2. The language of the Scythians.
SCYTODERMATA
Scy`to*der"ma*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Holothurioidea.
SDAIN
Sdain, v. & n.
Defn: Disdain. [Obs.] Spenser.
'SDEATH
'Sdeath, interj. Etym: [Corrupted fr. God's death.]
Defn: An exclamation expressive of impatience or anger. Shak.
SDEIGN
Sdeign, v. t.
Defn: To disdain. [Obs.]
But either sdeigns with other to partake. Spenser.
SEA Sea, n. Etym: [OE. see, AS. sæ; akin to D. zee, OS. & OHG. seo, G. see, OFries. se, Dan. sö, Sw. sjö, Icel. sær, Goth. saiws, and perhaps to L. saevus firce, savage. sq. root 151 a.]
1. One of the larger bodies of salt water, less than an ocean, found on the earth's surface; a body of salt water of second rank, generally forming part of, or connecting with, an ocean or a larger sea; as, the Mediterranean Sea; the Sea of Marmora; the North Sea; the Carribean Sea.
2. An inland body of water, esp. if large or if salt or brackish; as, the Caspian Sea; the Sea of Aral; sometimes, a small fresh-water lake; as, the Sea of Galilee.
3. The ocean; the whole body of the salt water which covers a large
part of the globe.
I marvel how the fishes live in the sea. Shak.
Ambiguous between sea and land The river horse and scaly crocodile.
Milton.
4. The swell of the ocean or other body of water in a high wind; motion of the water's surface; also, a single wave; a billow; as, there was a high sea after the storm; the vessel shipped a sea.
5. (Jewish Antiq.)
Defn: A great brazen laver in the temple at Jerusalem; — so called
from its size.
He made a molten sea of ten cubits from brim to brim, round in
compass, and five cubits the height thereof. 2 Chron. iv. 2.
6. Fig.: Anything resembling the sea in vastness; as, a sea of glory. Shak. All the space . . . was one sea of heads. Macaulay.
Note: Sea is often used in the composition of words of obvious signification; as, sea-bathed, sea-beaten, sea-bound, sea-bred, sea- circled, sealike, sea-nursed, sea-tossed, sea-walled, sea-worn, and the like. It is also used either adjectively or in combination with substantives; as, sea bird, sea-bird, or seabird, sea acorn, or sea- acorn. At sea, upon the ocean; away from land; figuratively, without landmarks for guidance; lost; at the mercy of circumstances. "To say the old man was at sea would be too feeble an expression." G. W. Cable — At full sea at the height of flood tide; hence, at the height. "But now God's mercy was at full sea." Jer. Taylor. — Beyond seas, or Beyond the sea or the seas (Law), out of the state, territory, realm, or country. Wharton. — Half seas over, half drunk. [Colloq.] Spectator. — Heavy sea, a sea in which the waves run high. — Long sea, a sea characterized by the uniform and steady motion of long and extensive waves. — Short sea, a sea in which the waves are short, broken, and irregular, so as to produce a tumbling or jerking motion. — To go to sea, a adopt the calling or occupation of a sailor.
SEA ACORN
Sea" a"corn. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An acorn barnacle (Balanus).
SEA ADDER Sea" ad"der. (Zoöl.) (a) The European fifteen-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus spinachia); — called also bismore. (b) The European tanglefish, or pipefish (Syngnathus acus).
SEA ANCHOR
Sea" an"chor. (Naut.)
Defn: See Drag sail, under 4th Drag.
SEA ANEMONE
Sea" a*nem"o*ne. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of soft-bodied Anthozoa, belonging to the order Actrinaria; an actinian.
Note: They have the oral disk surrounded by one or more circles of simple tapering tentacles, which are often very numerous, and when expanded somewhat resemble the petals of flowers, with colors varied and often very beautiful.
SEA APE Sea" ape`. (Zoöl.) (a) The thrasher shark. (b) The sea otter.
SEA APPLE
Sea" ap"ple. (Bot.)
Defn: The fruit of a West Indian palm (Manicaria Plukenetii), often found floating in the sea. A. Grisebach.
SEA ARROW
Sea" ar"row. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A squid of the genus Ommastrephes. See Squid.
SEA BANK
Sea" bank`.
1. The seashore. Shak.
2. A bank or mole to defend against the sea.
SEA-BAR
Sea"-bar`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A tern.
SEA BARROW
Sea" bar"row. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A sea purse.
SEA BASS
Sea" bass`.
Defn: ((Zoöl.) (a) A large marine food fish (Serranus, or Centropristis, atrarius) which abounds on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It is dark bluish, with black bands, and more or less varied with small white spots and blotches. Called also, locally, blue bass, black sea bass, blackfish, bluefish, and black perch. (b) A California food fish (Cynoscion nobile); — called also white sea bass, and sea salmon.
SEA BAT
Sea" bat`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Batfish (a).
SEABEACH
Sea"beach`, n.
Defn: A beach lying along the sea. "The bleak seabeach." Longfellow.
SEA BEAN
Sea" bean. (Bot.)
Defn: Same as Florida bean.
SEA BEAR Sea" bear`. (Zoöl.) (a) Any fur seal. See under Fur. (b) The white bear.
SEABEARD
Sea"beard`, n. (Bot.)
Defn: A green seaweed (Cladophora rupestris) growing in dense tufts.
SEA BEAST
Sea" beast`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any large marine mammal, as a seal, walrus, or cetacean.
SEA BIRD
Sea" bird`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any swimming bird frequenting the sea; a sea fowl.
SEA BLITE
Sea" blite`. (Bot.)
Defn: A plant (Suæda maritima) of the Goosefoot family, growing in salt marches.
SEA-BLUBBER
Sea"-blub"ber, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A jellyfish.
SEABOARD
Sea"board`, n. Etym: [Sea + board, F. bord side.]
Defn: The seashore; seacoast. Ld. Berners.
SEABOARD
Sea"board`, a.
Defn: Bordering upon, or being near, the sea; seaside; seacoast; as, a seaboard town.
SEABOARD
Sea"board`, adv.
Defn: Toward the sea. [R.]
SEABOAT
Sea"boat`. Etym: [AS. sæbat.]
1. A boat or vessel adapted to the open sea; hence, a vessel considered with reference to her power of resisting a storm, or maintaining herself in a heavy sea; as, a good sea boat.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A chitin.
SEABORD
Sea"bord`, n. & a.
Defn: See Seaboard.
SEA-BORDERING
Sea"-bor"der*ing, a.
Defn: Bordering on the sea; situated beside the sea. Drayton.
SEA-BORN
Sea"-born`, a.
1. Born of the sea; produced by the sea. "Neptune and his sea-born niece." Waller.
2. Born at sea.
SEABOUND
Sea"bound`, a.
Defn: Bounded by the sea.
SEA BOW
Sea" bow`.
Defn: See Marine rainbow, under Rainbow.
SEA BOY
Sea" boy`.
Defn: A boy employed on shipboard.
SEA BREACH
Sea" breach`.
Defn: A breaking or overflow of a bank or a dike by the sea.
L'Estrange.
SEA BREAM
Sea" bream`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of several species of sparoid fishes, especially the common European species (Pagellus centrodontus), the Spanish (P. Oweni), and the black sea bream (Cantharus lineatus); — called also old wife.
SEA BRIEF
Sea" brief`.
Defn: Same as Sea letter.
SEA BUG
Sea" bug`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A chiton.
SEA-BUILT
Sea"-built`, a.
Defn: Built at, in, or by the sea.
SEA BUTTERFLY
Sea" but"ter*fly`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A pteropod.
SEA CABBAGE
Sea" cab"bage (; 48). (Bot.)
Defn: See Sea kale, under Kale.
SEA CALF
Sea" calf`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The common seal.
SEA CANARY Sea" ca*na"ry. Etym: [So called from a whistling sound which it makes.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The beluga, or white whale.
SEA CAPTAIN
Sea" cap"tain.
Defn: The captain of a vessel that sails upon the sea.
SEA CARD
Sea" card`.
Defn: Mariner's card, or compass.
SEA CATFISH; SEA CAT Sea" cat`fish. Sea" cat`. (Zoöl.) (a) The wolf fish. (b) Any marine siluroid fish, as Ælurichthys marinus, and Arinus felis, of the eastern coast of the United States. Many species are found on the coasts of Central and South America.
SEA CHART
Sea" chart`.
Defn: A chart or map on which the lines of the shore, islands, shoals, harbors, etc., are delineated.
SEA CHICKWEED
Sea" chick"weed`. (Bot.)
Defn: A fleshy plant (Arenaria peploides) growing in large tufts in the sands of the northern Atlantic seacoast; — called also sea sandwort, and sea purslane.
SEA CLAM
Sea" clam`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of the large bivalve mollusks found on the open seacoast, especially those of the family Mactridæ, as the common American species. (Mactra, or Spisula, solidissima); — called also beach clam, and surf clam.
SEA COAL
Sea" coal`.
Defn: Coal brought by sea; — a name by which mineral coal was formerly designated in the south of England, in distinction from charcoal, which was brought by land. Sea-coal facing (Founding), facing consisting of pulverized bituminous coal.
SEACOAST
Sea"coast`, n.
Defn: The shore or border of the land adjacent to the sea or ocean.
Also used adjectively.
SEA COB
Sea" cob`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The black-backed gull.
SEA COCK
Sea" cock`.
1. In a steamship, a cock or valve close to the vessel's side, for closing a pipe which communicates with the sea.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The black-bellied plover. (b) A gurnard, as the European red gurnard (Trigla pini).
SEA COCOA
Sea" co"coa. (Bot.)
Defn: A magnificent palm (Lodoicea Sechellarum) found only in the Seychelles Islands. The fruit is an immense two-lobed nut. It was found floating in the Indian Ocean before the tree was known, and called sea cocoanut, and double cocoanut.
SEA COLANDER
Sea" col"an*der. (Bot.)
Defn: A large blackfish seaweed (Agarum Turneri), the frond of which is punctured with many little holes.
SEA COLEWORT
Sea" cole"wort`. (Bot.)
Defn: Sea cabbage.
SEA COMPASS
Sea" com"pass.
Defn: The mariner's compass. See under Compass.
SEA COOT
Sea" coot`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A scoter duck.
SEA CORN
Sea" corn`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A yellow cylindrical mass of egg capsule of certain species of whelks (Buccinum), which resembles an ear of maize.
SEA COW Sea" cow`. (Zoöl.) (a) The mantee. (b) The dugong. (c) The walrus.
SEA CRAWFISH; SEA CRAYFISH
Sea" craw"fish`. Sea" cray"fish`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any crustacean of the genus Palinurus and allied genera, as the European spiny lobster (P. vulgaris), which is much used as an article of food. See Lobster.
SEA CROW Sea" crow`. (Zoöl.) (a) The chough. [Ireland] (b) The cormorant. (c) The blackheaded pewit, and other gulls. (d) The skua. (e) The razorbill. [Orkney Islands] (f) The coot.
SEA CUCUMBER
Sea" cu"cum*ber. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any large holothurian, especially one of those belonging to the genus Pentacta, or Cucumaria, as the common American and European species. (P. frondosa).
SEA DACE
Sea" dace`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The European sea perch.
SEA DAFFODIL
Sea" daf"fo*dil. (Bot.)
Defn: A European amarylidaceous plant (Pancratium maritimum).
SEA DEVIL Sea" dev`il (Zoöl.) (a) Any very large ray, especially any species of the genus Manta or Cepholoptera, some of which become more than twenty feet across and weigh several tons. See also Ox ray, under Ox. (b) Any large cephalopod, as a large Octopus, or a giant squid (Architeuthis). See Devilfish. (c) The angler.
SEA DOG
Sea" dog`.
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The dogfish. (b) The common seal.
2. An old sailor; a salt. [Colloq.]
SEA DOTTEREL
Sea" dot"ter*el. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The turnstone.
SEA DOVE
Sea" dove`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The little auk, or rotche. See Illust. of Rotche.
SEA DRAGON Sea" drag"on. (Zoöl.) (a) A dragonet, or sculpin. (b) The pegasus.
SEA DRAKE
Sea" drake`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The pewit gull.
SEA DUCK
Sea" duck`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of ducks which frequent the seacoasts and feed mainly on fishes and mollusks. The scoters, eiders, old squaw, and ruddy duck are examples. They may be distinguished by the lobate hind toe.
SEA EAGLE
Sea" ea"gle.
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of several species of fish-eating eagles of the genus Haliæetus and allied genera, as the North Pacific sea eagle. (H. pelagicus), which has white shoulders, head, rump, and tail; the European white-tailed eagle (H. albicilla); and the Indian white- tailed sea eagle, or fishing eagle (Polioaëtus ichthyaëtus). The bald eagle and the osprey are also sometimes classed as sea eagles.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The eagle ray. See under Ray.
SEA-EAR
Sea"-ear`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any species of ear-shaped shells of the genus Haliotis. See
Abalone.
SEA EEL
Sea" eel`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The conger eel.
SEA EGG
Sea" egg`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A sea urchin.
SEA ELEPHANT
Sea" el"e*phant. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A very large seal (Macrorhinus proboscideus) of the Antarctic seas, much hunted for its oil. It sometimes attains a length of thirty feet, and is remarkable for the prolongation of the nose of the adult male into an erectile elastic proboscis, about a foot in length. Another species of smaller size (M. angustirostris) occurs on the coast of Lower California, but is now nearly extinct.
SEA FAN
Sea" fan". (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any gorgonian which branches in a fanlike form, especially
Gorgonia flabellum of Florida and the West Indies.
SEAFARER
Sea"far`er, n. Etym: [Sea + fare.]
Defn: One who follows the sea as a business; a mariner; a sailor.
SEAFARING
Sea"far`ing, a.
Defn: Following the business of a mariner; as, a seafaring man.
SEA FEATHER
Sea" feath"er. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any gorgonian which branches in a plumelike form.
SEA FENNEL
Sea" fen"nel. (Bot.)
Defn: Samphire.
SEA FERN
Sea" fern". (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any gorgonian which branches like a fern.
SEA FIGHT
Sea" fight`.
Defn: An engagement between ships at sea; a naval battle.
SEA FIR
Sea" fir`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A sertularian hydroid, especially Sertularia abietina, which branches like a miniature fir tree.
SEA FLOWER
Sea" flow"er. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A sea anemone, or any related anthozoan.
SEA FOAM
Sea" foam`.
1. Foam of sea water.
2. (Min.)
Defn: Meerschaum; — called also sea froth.
SEA FOWL
Sea" fowl`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any bird which habitually frequents the sea, as an auk, gannet, gull, tern, or petrel; also, all such birds, collectively.
SEA FOX
Sea" fox`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The thrasher shark. See Thrasher.
SEA FROTH
Sea" froth`.
Defn: See Sea foam, 2.
SEA-GATE; SEA-GAIT
Sea"-gate`, Sea"-gait`, n.
Defn: A long, rolling swell of the sea. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
SEA GAUGE
Sea" gauge`.
Defn: See under Gauge, n.
SEA GHERKIN; SEA GIRKIN
Sea" gher`kin, or; Sea" gir"kin. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any small holothurian resembling in form a gherkin.
SEA GINGER
Sea" gin"ger. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A hydroid coral of the genus Millepora, especially M. alcicornis, of the West Indies and Florida. So called because it stings the tongue like ginger. See Illust. under Millepore.
SEA GIRDLES
Sea" gir"dles. (Bot.)
Defn: A kind of kelp (Laminaria digitata) with palmately cleft fronds; — called also sea wand, seaware, and tangle.
SEAGIRT
Sea"girt`, a.
Defn: Surrounded by the water of the sea or ocean; as, a seagirt isle. Milton.
SEA GOD
Sea" god`.
Defn: A marine deity; a fabulous being supposed to live in, or have dominion over, the sea, or some particular sea or part of the sea, as Neptune.
SEA GODDESS
Sea" god"dess.
Defn: A goddess supposed to live in or reign over the sea, or some part of the sea.
SEAGOING
Sea"go`ing, a.
Defn: Going upon the sea; especially, sailing upon the deep sea; — used in distinction from coasting or river, as applied to vessels.
SEA GOOSE
Sea" goose`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A phalarope.
SEA GOWN
Sea" gown`.
Defn: A gown or frock with short sleeves, formerly worn by mariners.
Shak.
SEA GRAPE
Sea" grape`.
1. (Bot.) (a) The gulf weed. See under Gulf. (b) A shrubby plant (Coccoloba uvifera) growing on the sandy shores of tropical America, somewhat resembling the grapevine.
2. pl. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The clusters of gelatinous egg capsules of a squid (Loligo).
SEA GRASS
Sea" grass`. (Bot.)
Defn: Eelgrass.
SEA GREEN
Sea" green`.
Defn: The green color of sea water.
SEA-GREEN
Sea"-green`, a.
Defn: Of a beautiful bluish green color, like sea water on soundings.
SEA GUDGEON
Sea" gud"geon. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The European black goby (Gobius niger).
SEA GULL
Sea" gull`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any gull living on the seacoast.
SEAH
Se"ah, n.
Defn: A Jewish dry measure containing one third of an an ephah.
SEA HARE
Sea" hare`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any tectibranchiate mollusk of the genus Aplysia. See Aplysia.
SEA HAWK
Sea" hawk`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A jager gull.
SEA HEATH
Sea" heath`. (Bot.)
Defn: A low perennial plant (Frankenia lævis) resembling heath, growing along the seashore in Europe.
SEA HEDGEHOG
Sea" hedge"hog`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A sea urchin.
SEA HEN
Sea" hen`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: the common guillemot; — applied also to various other sea birds.
SEA HOG
Sea" hog`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The porpoise.
SEA HOLLY
Sea" hol"ly. (Bot.)
Defn: An evergeen seashore plant (Eryngium maritimum). See Eryngium.
SEA HOLM
Sea" holm`.
Defn: A small uninhabited island.
SEA HOLM
Sea" holm`. (Bot.)
Defn: Sea holly.
SEA HORSE
Sea" horse`.
1. A fabulous creature, half horse and half fish, represented in classic mythology as driven by sea dogs or ridden by the Nereids. It is also depicted in heraldry. See Hippocampus.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The walrus. (b) Any fish of the genus Hippocampus.
Note: In a passage of Dryden's, the word is supposed to refer to the hippopotamus.
SEA HULVER
Sea" hul"ver. (Bot.)
Defn: Sea holly.
SEA-ISLAND
Sea"-is`land, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to certain islands along the coast of South Carolina and Georgia; as, sea-island cotton, a superior cotton of long fiber produced on those islands.
SEA JELLY
Sea" jel"ly. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A medusa, or jellyfish.
SEAK
Seak, n.
Defn: Soap prepared for use in milling cloth.
SEA KALE
Sea" kale". (Bot.)
Defn: See under Kale.
SEA KING
Sea" king`.
Defn: One of the leaders among the Norsemen who passed their lives in roving the seas in search of plunder and adventures; a Norse pirate chief. See the Note under Viking.
SEAL
Seal, n. Etym: [OE. sele, AS. seolh; akin to OHG. selah, Dan. sæl,
Sw. själ, Icel. selr.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any aquatic carnivorous mammal of the families Phocidæ and
Otariidæ.
Note: Seals inhabit seacoasts, and are found principally in the higher latitudes of both hemispheres. There are numerous species, bearing such popular names as sea lion, sea leopard, sea bear, or ursine seal, fur seal, and sea elephant. The bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus), the hooded seal (Cystophora crustata), and the ringed seal (Phoca foetida), are northern species. See also Eared seal, Harp seal, and Fur seal, under Eared, Harp, Monk, and Fur. Seals are much hunted for their skins and fur, and also for their oil, which in some species is very abundant. Harbor seal (Zoöl.), the common seal (Phoca vitulina). It inhabits both the North Atlantic and the North Pacific Ocean, and often ascends rivers; — called also marbled seal, native seal, river seal, bay seal, land seal, sea calf, sea cat, sea dog, dotard, ranger, selchie, tangfish.
SEAL Seal, n. Etym: [OE. seel, OF. seel, F. sceau, fr. L. sigillum a little figure or image, a seal, dim. of signum a mark, sign, figure, or image. See Sign, n., and cf. Sigil.]
1. An engraved or inscribed stamp, used for marking an impression in wax or other soft substance, to be attached to a document, or otherwise used by way of authentication or security.
2. Wax, wafer, or other tenacious substance, set to an instrument, and impressed or stamped with a seal; as, to give a deed under hand and seal. Till thou canst rail the seal from off my bond Thou but offend;st thy lungs to speak so loud. Shak.
3. That which seals or fastens; esp., the wax or wafer placed on a letter or other closed paper, etc., to fasten it.
4. That which confirms, ratifies, or makes stable; that which authenticates; that which secures; assurance. "under the seal of silence." Milton. Like a red seal is the setting sun On the good and the evil men have done. Lonfellow.
5. An arrangement for preventing the entrance or return of gas or air into a pipe, by which the open end of the pipe dips beneath the surface of water or other liquid, or a deep bend or sag in the pipe is filled with the liquid; a draintrap. Great seal. See under Great. — Privy seal. See under Privy, a. — Seal lock, a lock in which the keyhole is covered by a seal in such a way that the lock can not be opened without rupturing the seal. Seal manual. See under Manual, a. — Seal ring, a ring having a seal engraved on it, or ornamented with a device resembling a seal; a signet ring. Shak.
SEAL
Seal, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sealed; p. pr. & vb. n. Skaling.] Etym:
[OE. selen; cf. OF. seeler, seieler, F. sceller, LL. sigillare. See
Seal a stamp.]
1. To set or affix a seal to; hence, to authenticate; to confirm; to ratify; to establish; as, to seal a deed. And with my hand I seal my true heart's love. Shak.
2. To mark with a stamp, as an evidence of standard exactness, legal size, or merchantable quality; as, to seal weights and measures; to seal silverware.
3. To fasten with a seal; to attach together with a wafer, wax, or other substance causing adhesion; as, to seal a letter.
4. Hence, to shut close; to keep close; to make fast; to keep secure or secret. Seal up your lips, and give no words but "mum". Shak.
5. To fix, as a piece of iron in a wall, with cement, plaster, or the like. Gwilt.
6. To close by means of a seal; as, to seal a drainpipe with water. See 2d Seal, 5.
7. Among the Mormons, to confirm or set apart as a second or additional wife. [Utah, U.S.] If a man once married desires a second helpmate . . . she is sealed to him under the solemn sanction of the church. H. Stansbury.
SEAL
Seal, v. i.
Defn: To affix one's seal, or a seal. [Obs.]
I will seal unto this bond. Shak.
SEA LACES
Sea" la"ces. (Bot.)
Defn: A kind of seaweed (Chorda Filum) having blackish cordlike fronds, often many feet long.
SEA LAMPREY
Sea" lam"prey. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The common lamprey.
SEA LANGUAGE
Sea" lan"guage.
Defn: The peculiar language or phraseology of seamen; sailor's cant.
SEA LARK Sea" lark`. (Zoöl.) (a) The rock pipit (Anthus obscurus). (b) Any one of several small sandpipers and plovers, as the ringed plover, the turnstone, the dunlin, and the sanderling.
SEA LAVENDER
Sea" lav"en*der. (Bot.)
Defn: See Marsh rosemary, under Marsh.
SEA LAWYER
Sea" law"yer. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The gray snapper. See under Snapper.
SEAL-BROWN
Seal"-brown`, a.
Defn: Of a rich dark brown color, like the fur of the fur seal after it is dyed.
SEA LEGS
Sea" legs`.
Defn: Legs able to maintain their possessor upright in stormy weather at sea, that is, ability stand or walk steadily on deck when a vessel is rolling or pitching in a rough sea. [Sailor's Cant] Totten.
SEA LEMON
Sea" lem"on. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of several species of nudibranchiate mollusks of the genus Doris and allied genera, having a smooth, thick, convex yellow body.
SEA LEOPARD
Sea" leop"ard. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of several species of spotted seals, especially
Ogmorhinus leptonyx, and Leptonychotes Weddelli, of the Antarctic
Ocean. The North Pacific sea leopard is the harbor seal.
SEALER
Seal"er, n.
Defn: One who seals; especially, an officer whose duty it is to seal writs or instruments, to stamp weights and measures, or the like.
SEALER
Sealer, n.
Defn: A mariner or a vessel engaged in the business of capturing seals.
SEA LETTER
Sea" let"ter. (Mar. Law.)
Defn: The customary certificate of national character which neutral merchant vessels are bound to carry in time of war; a passport for a vessel and cargo.
SEA LETTUCE
Sea" let"tuce. (Bot.)
Defn: The green papery fronds of several seaweeds of the genus Ulva, sometimes used as food.
SEA LEVEL
Sea" lev"el.
Defn: The level of the surface of the sea; any surface on the same level with the sea.
SEALGH; SELCH
Sealgh, Selch, n.. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A seal. [Scotch]
SEA LILY
Sea" lil"y. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A crinoid.
SEALING WAX
Seal"ing wax`.
Defn: A compound of the resinous materials, pigments, etc., used as a material for seals, as for letters, documents, etc.
SEA LION
Sea" li"on. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of several large species of seals of the family Otariidæ native of the Pacific Ocean, especially the southern sea lion (Otaria jubata) of the South American coast; the northern sea lion (Eumetopias Stelleri) found from California to Japan; and the black, or California, sea lion (Zalophus Californianus), which is common on the rocks near San Francisco.
SEA LOACH
Sea" loach". (Zoöl.)
Defn: The three-bearded rockling. See Rockling.
SEA LOUSE
Sea" louse`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of isopod crustaceans of Cymothoa,
Livoneca, and allied genera, mostly parasites on fishes.
SEALSKIN
Seal"skin`, n.
Defn: The skin of a seal; the pelt of a seal prepared for use, esp. of the fur seal; also, a garment made of this material.
SEAM
Seam, n. Etym: [See Saim.]
Defn: Grease; tallow; lard. [Obs. or prov. Eng.] Shak. Dryden.
SEAM
Seam, n. Etym: [OE. seem, seam, AS. seám; akin to D. zoom, OHG. soum,
G. saum, LG. soom, Icel. saumr, Sw. & Dan. söm, and E. sew. sq. root
156. See Sew to fasten with thread.]
1. The fold or line formed by sewing together two pieces of cloth or leather.
2. Hence, a line of junction; a joint; a suture, as on a ship, a floor, or other structure; the line of union, or joint, of two boards, planks, metal plates, etc. Precepts should be so finely wrought together . . . that no coarse seam may discover where they join. Addison.
3. (geol. & Mining)
Defn: A thin layer or stratum; a narrow vein between two thicker strata; as, a seam of coal.
4. A line or depression left by a cut or wound; a scar; a cicatrix. Seam blast, a blast by putting the powder into seams or cracks of rocks. — Seam lace, a lace used by carriage makers to cover seams and edges; — called also seaming lace. — Seam presser. (Agric.) (a) A heavy roller to press down newly plowed furrows. (b) A tailor's sadiron for pressing seams. Knight. — Seam set, a set for flattering the seams of metal sheets, leather work, etc.
SEAM
Seam, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seamed; p. pr. & vb. n. Seaming.]
1. To form a seam upon or of; to join by sewing together; to unite.
2. To mark with something resembling a seam; to line; to scar. Seamed o'Pope.
3. To make the appearance of a seam in, as in knitting a stocking; hence, to knit with a certain stitch, like that in such knitting.
SEAM
Seam, v. i.
Defn: To become ridgy; to crack open.
Later their lips began to parch and seam. L. Wallace.
SEAM
Seam, n. Etym: [AS. seám, LL. sauma, L. sagma a packsaddle, fr. Gr.
Sumpter.]
Defn: A denomination of weight or measure. Specifically: (a) The quantity of eight bushels of grain. "A seam of oats." P. Plowman. (b) The quantity of 120 pounds of glass. [Eng.]
SEA-MAID
Sea"-maid`, n.
1. The mermaid.
2. A sea nymph.
SEA-MAIL
Sea"-mail`, n. Etym: [Sea + (perhaps) Mall Mally, for Mary; hence,
Prov. E. mally a hare.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A gull; the mew.
SEAMAN
Sea"man, n.; pl. Seamen (.
Defn: A merman; the male of the mermaid. [R.] "Not to mention mermaids or seamen." Locke.
SEAMAN
Sea"man, n.; pl. Seamen. Etym: [AS. sæman.]
Defn: One whose occupation is to assist in the management of ships at sea; a mariner; a sailor; — applied both to officers and common mariners, but especially to the latter. Opposed to landman, or landsman. Able seaman, a sailor who is practically conversant with all the duties of common seamanship. — ordinary seaman. See Ordinary.
SEAMANLIKE
Sea"man*like`, a.
Defn: Having or showing the skill of a practical seaman.
SEAMANSHIP
Sea"man*ship, n.
Defn: The skill of a good seaman; the art, or skill in the art, of working a ship.
SEA MANTIS
Sea" man"tis. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A squilla.
SEA MARGE
Sea" marge`.
Defn: Land which borders on the sea; the seashore. Shak.
You are near the sea marge of a land teeming with life. J. Burroughs.
SEAMARK
Sea"mark`, n.
Defn: Any elevated object on land which serves as a guide to mariners; a beacon; a landmark visible from the sea, as a hill, a tree, a steeple, or the like. Shak.
SEA MAT
Sea" mat`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any bryozoan of the genus Flustra or allied genera which form frondlike corals.
SEA MAW
Sea" maw`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The sea mew.
SEAMED
Seamed, a. (Falconry)
Defn: Out of condition; not in good condition; — said of a hawk.
SEA-MELL
Sea"-mell`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The sea mew.
SEA MEW
Sea" mew`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A gull; the mew.
SEA MILE
Sea" mile`.
Defn: A geographical mile. See Mile.
SEA MILKWORT
Sea" milk"wort`. (Bot.)
Defn: A low, fleshy perennial herb (Glaux maritima) found along northern seashores.
SEAMING
Seam"ing, n.
1. The act or process of forming a seam or joint.
2. (Fishing)
Defn: The cord or rope at the margin of a seine, to which the meshes of the net are attached. Seaming machine, a machine for uniting the edges of sheet-metal plates by bending them and pinching them together.
SEAMLESS
Seam"less, a.
Defn: Without a seam.
Christ's seamless coat, all of a piece. Jer. Taylor.
SEA MONK
Sea" monk`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Monk seal, under Monk.
SEA MONSTER
Sea" mon"ster. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any large sea animal.
SEA MOSS
Sea" moss`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any branched marine bryozoan resembling moss.
SEA MOUSE Sea" mouse`. (Zoöl.) (a) A dorsibranchiate annelid, belonging to Aphrodite and allied genera, having long, slender, hairlike setæ on the sides. (b) The dunlin.
SEAMSTER
Seam"ster, n. Etym: [See Seamstress.]
Defn: One who sews well, or whose occupation is to sew. [Obs.]
SEAMSTRESS Seam"stress, n. Etym: [From older seamster, properly fem., AS. seámestre. See Seam.]
Defn: A woman whose occupation is sewing; a needlewoman.
SEAMSTRESSY
Seam"stress*y, n.
Defn: The business of a seamstress.
SEA MUD
Sea" mud`.
Defn: A rich slimy deposit in salt marshes and along the seashore, sometimes used as a manure; — called also sea ooze.
SEAMY
Seam"y, a.
Defn: Having a seam; containing seams, or showing them. "Many a seamy
scar." Burns.
Everything has its fair, as well as its seamy, side. Sir W. Scott.
SEAN
Sean, n.
Defn: A seine. See Seine. [Prov. Eng.]
SEANCE Sé`ance", n. Etym: [F., fr. L. sedens, -entis, p.pr. of sedere to sit. See Sit.]
Defn: A session, as of some public body; especially, a meeting of spiritualists to receive spirit communication, so called.
SEA NEEDLE
Sea" nee"dle. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Garfish (a).
SEA NETTLE
Sea" net`tle.
Defn: A jellyfish, or medusa.
SEANNACHIE
Sean"na*chie, n. Etym: [Gael. seanachaidh.]
Defn: A bard among the Highlanders of Scotland, who preserved and repeated the traditions of the tribes; also, a genealogist. [Written also senachy.] [Scot.]
SEA ONION
Sea" on"ion. (Bot.)
Defn: The officinal squill. See Squill.
SEA OOZE
Sea" ooze`.
Defn: Same as Sea mud. Mortimer.
SEA ORANGE
Sea" or"ange. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A large American holothurian (Lophothuria Fabricii) having a bright orange convex body covered with finely granulated scales. Its expanded tentacles are bright red.
SEA-ORB
Sea"-orb`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A globefish.
SEA OTTER
Sea" ot"ter. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An aquatic carnivore (Enhydris lutris, or marina) found in the North Pacific Ocean. Its fur is highly valued, especially by the Chinese. It is allied to the common otter, but is larger, with feet more decidedly webbed. Sea-otter's cabbage (Bot.), a gigantic kelp of the Pacific Ocean (Nereocystis Lutkeana). See Nereocystis.
SEA OWL
Sea" owl`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The lumpfish.
SEA PAD
Sea" pad`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The puffin.
SEA PARROT
Sea" par"rot (se" par"rut). (Zoöl.)
Defn: The puffin.
SEA PARTRIDGE
Sea" par"tridge. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The gilthead (Crenilabrus melops), a fish of the British coasts.
SEA PASS
Sea" pass`.
Defn: A document carried by neutral merchant vessels in time of war, to show their nationality; a sea letter or passport. See Passport.
SEA PEACH
Sea" peach`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A beautiful American ascidian (Cynthia, or Halocynthia, pyriformis) having the size, form, velvety surface, and color of a ripe peach.
SEA PEAR
Sea" pear`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A pedunculated ascidian of the genus Boltonia.
SEA-PEN
Sea"-pen", n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A pennatula.
SEA PERCH Sea" perch`. (Zoöl.) (a) The European bass (Roccus, or Labrax, lupus); — called also sea dace. (b) The cunner. (c) The sea bass. (d) The name is applied also to other species of fishes.
SEA PHEASANT
Sea" pheas"ant. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The pintail duck.
SEA PIE
Sea" pie. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The oyster catcher, a limicoline bird of the genus Hæmatopus.
SEA PIE
Sea" pie`.
Defn: A dish of crust or pastry and meat or fish, etc., cooked together in alternate layers, — a common food of sailors; as, a three-decker sea pie.
SEAPIECE
Sea"piece`, n.
Defn: A picture representing a scene at sea; a marine picture.
Addison.
SEA PIET
Sea" pi"et. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See 1st Sea pie.
SEA PIG Sea" pig`. (Zoöl.) (a) A porpoise or dolphin. (b) A dugong.
SEA PIGEON
Sea" pi"geon.
Defn: The common guillemot.
SEA PIKE Sea" pike`. (Zoöl.) (a) The garfish. (b) A large serranoid food fish (Centropomus undecimalis) found on both coasts of America; — called also robalo. (c) The merluce.
SEA PINCUSHION Sea" pin`cush`ion. (Zoöl.) (a) A sea purse. (b) A pentagonal starfish.
SEA PINK
Sea" pink`. (Bot.)
Defn: See Thrift.
SEA PLOVER
Sea" plov"er.
Defn: the black-bellied plover.
SEA POACHER; SEA POKER
Sea" poach"er. Sea" pok"er. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The lyrie.
SEA POOL
Sea" pool`.
Defn: A pool of salt water. Spenser.
SEA POPPY
Sea" pop"py. (Bot.)
Defn: The horn poppy. See under Horn.
SEA PORCUPINE
Sea" por"cu*pine. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any fish of the genus Diodon, and allied genera, whose body is covered with spines. See Illust. under Diodon.
SEA PORK
Sea" pork`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An American compound ascidian (Amoræcium stellatum) which forms large whitish masses resembling salt pork.
SEA PORT
Sea" port`, n.
Defn: A port on the seashore, or one accessible for seagoing vessels.
Also used adjectively; as, a seaport town.
SEAPOY
Sea"poy, n.
Defn: See Sepoy.
SEA PUDDING
Sea" pud"ding. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any large holothurian. [Prov. Eng.]
SEA PURSE
Sea" purse`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The horny egg case of a skate, and of certain sharks.
SEA PURSLANE
Sea" purs"lane. (Bot.)
Defn: See under Purslane.
SEA PYE
Sea" pye`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See 1st Sea pie.
SEA PYOT
Sea" py"ot. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See 1st Sea pie.
SEA QUAIL
Sea" quail`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The turnstone.
SEAQUAKE
Sea"quake`, n.
Defn: A quaking of the sea.
SEAR; SERE
Sear, Sere, a.
Defn: [OE. seer, AS. seár (assumed) fr. seárian to wither; akin to D. zoor dry, LG. soor, OHG. soren to to wither, Gr. sush) to dry, to wither, Zend hush to dry. sq. root152. Cf. Austere, Sorrel, a.] Dry; withered; no longer green; — applied to leaves. Milton. I have lived long enough; my way of life Is fall'n into the sear, the yellow leaf. Shak.
SEAR
Sear, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seared; p. pr. & vb. n. Searing.] Etym:
[OE.seeren, AS. seárian. See Sear, a.]
1. To wither; to dry up. Shak.
2. To burn (the surface of) to dryness and hardness; to cauterize; to expose to a degree of heat such as changes the color or the hardness and texture of the surface; to scorch; to make callous; as, to sear the skin or flesh. Also used figuratively. I'm seared with burning steel. Rowe. It was in vain that the amiable divine tried to give salutary pain to that seared conscience. Macaulay. The discipline of war, being a discipline in destruction of life, is a discipline in callousness. Whatever sympathies exist are seared. H. Spencer.
Note: Sear is allied to scorch in signification; but it is applied primarily to animal flesh, and has special reference to the effect of heat in marking the surface hard. Scorch is applied to flesh, cloth, or any other substance, and has no reference to the effect of hardness. To sear, to close by searing. "Cherish veins of good humor, and sear up those of ill." Sir W. Temple.
SEAR
Sear, n. Etym: [F. serre a grasp, pressing, fr. L. sera. See Serry.]
Defn: The catch in a gunlock by which the hammer is held cocked or half cocked. Sear spring, the spring which causes the sear to catch in the notches by which the hammer is held.
SEA RAT
Sea" rat`.
1. A pirate. [R.] Massinger.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The chimæra.
SEA RAVEN Sea" ra"ven. (Zoöl.) (a) An American cottoid fish (Hemitripterus Americanus) allied to the sculpins, found on the northeren Atlantic coasts. (b) The cormorant.
SEARCE
Searce, n. Etym: [See Sarse.]
Defn: A fine sieve. [Obs.]
SEARCE
Searce, v. t.
Defn: To sift; to bolt. [Obs.] Mortimer.
SEARCER
Sear"cer, n.
1. One who sifts or bolts. [Obs.]
2. A searce, or sieve. [Obs.] Holland.
SEARCH
Search, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Searched; p. pr. & vb. n. Searching.]
Etym: [OE. serchen, cerchen, OF. cerchier, F. chercher, L. circare to
go about, fr. L. circum, circa, around. See Circle.]
1. To look over or through, for the purpose of finding something; to examine; to explore; as, to search the city. "Search the Scriptures." John v. 39. They are come to search the house. Shak. Search me, O God, and know my heart. Ps. cxxxix. 23.
2. To inquire after; to look for; to seek. I will both search my sheep, and seek them out. Ezek. xxxiv. 11. Enough is left besides to search and know. Milton.
3. To examine or explore by feeling with an instrument; to probe; as, to search a wound.
4. To examine; to try; to put to the test. To search out, to seek till found; to find by seeking; as, to search out truth.
Syn. — To explore; examine; scrutinize; seek; investigate; pry into; inquire.
SEARCH
Search, v. i.
Defn: To seek; to look for something; to make inquiry, exploration, or examination; to hunt. Once more search with me. Shak. It sufficeth that they have once with care sifted the matter, and searched into all the particulars. Locke.
SEARCH
Search, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. cerche. See Search, v. t.]
Defn: The act of seeking or looking for something; quest; inquiry; pursuit for finding something; examination. Thus the orb he roamed With narrow search, and with inspection deep Considered every creature. Milton. Nor did my search of liberty begin Till my black hairs were changed upon my chin. Dryden. Right of search (Mar. Law), the right of the lawfully commissioned cruisers of belligerent nations to examine and search private merchant vessels on the high seas, for the enemy's property or for articles contraband of war. — Search warrant (Law), a warrant legally issued, authorizing an examination or search of a house, or other place, for goods stolen, secreted, or concealed.
Syn. — Scrutiny; examination; exploration; investigation; research; inquiry; quest; pursuit.
SEARCHABLE
Search"a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being searched.
SEARCHABLENESS
Search"a*ble*ness, n.
Defn: Quality of being searchable.
SEARCHER
Search"er, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. cercheor inspector.]
Defn: One who, or that which, searhes or examines; a seeker; an inquirer; an examiner; a trier. Specifically: (a) Formerly, an officer in London appointed to examine the bodies of the dead, and report the cause of death. Graunt. (b) An officer of the customs whose business it is to search ships, merchandise, luggage, etc. (c) An inspector of leather. [Prov. Eng.] (d) (Gun.) An instrument for examining the bore of a cannon, to detect cavities. (e) An implement for sampling butter; a butter trier. (j) (Med.) An instrument for feeling after calculi in the bladder, etc.
SEARCHING
Search"ing, a.
Defn: Exploring thoroughly; scrutinizing; penetrating; trying; as, a
searching discourse; a searching eye. "Piercing, searching, biting,
cold." Dickens.
— Search"ing*ly, adv.
— Search"ing*ness, n.
SEARCHLESS
Search"less, a.
Defn: Impossible to be searched; inscrutable; impenetrable.
SEARCHLIGHT Search"light`, n. (a) An apparatus for projecting a powerful beam of light of approximately parallel rays, usually devised so that it can be swiveled about. (b) The beam of light projecting by this apparatus.
SEARCLOTH
Sear"cloth`, n.
Defn: Cerecloth. Mortimer.
SEARCLOTH
Sear"cloth, v. t.
Defn: To cover, as a sore, with cerecloth.
SEARED
Seared, a.
Defn: Scorched; cauterized; hence, figuratively, insensible; not susceptible to moral influences. A seared conscience and a remorseless heart. Macaulay.
SEAREDNESS
Sear"ed*ness, n.
Defn: The state of being seared or callous; insensibility. Bp. Hall.
SEA REED
Sea" reed`. (Bot.)
Defn: The sea-sand reed. See under Reed.
SEA RISK
Sea" risk.
Defn: Risk of injury, destruction, or loss by the sea, or while at sea.
SEA ROBBER
Sea" rob"ber.
Defn: A pirate; a sea rover.
SEA ROBIN
Sea" rob"in.
Defn: See under Robin, and Illustration in Appendix.
SEA ROCKET
Sea" rock"et.(Bot.)
Defn: See under Rocket.
SEA ROOM
Sea" room`. (Naut.)
Defn: Room or space at sea for a vessel to maneuver, drive, or scud, without peril of running ashore or aground. Totten.
SEA ROVER
Sea" rov"er.
Defn: One that cruises or roves the sea for plunder; a sea robber; a pirate; also, a piratical vessel.
SEA-ROVING
Sea"-rov"ing
Defn: , a. Cruising at random on the ocean.
SEA SALMON Sea" salm"on. (Zoöl.) (a) A young pollock. (b) The spotted squeteague. (c) See Sea bass (b).
SEA SALT
Sea" salt`.
Defn: Common salt, obtained from sea water by evaporation.
SEA SANDPIPER
Sea" sand"pi`per. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The purple sandpiper.
SEA SANDWORT
Sea" sand"wort`. (Bot.)
Defn: See Sea chickweed.
SEA SAURIAN
Sea" sau"ri*an, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any marine saurian; esp. (Paleon.) the large extinct species of
Mosasaurus, Icthyosaurus, Plesiosaurus, and related genera.
SEASCAPE
Sea"scape, n. Etym: [Cf. Landscape.]
Defn: A picture representing a scene at sea. [Jocose] Thackeray.
SEA SCORPION Sea" scor"pi*on. (Zoöl.) (a) A European sculpin (Cottus scorpius) having the head armed with short spines. (b) The scorpene.
SEA SCURF
Sea" scurf`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any bryozoan which forms rounded or irregular patches of coral on stones, seaweeds, etc.
SEA SERPENT
Sea" ser`pent.
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any marine snake. See Sea snake.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A large marine animal of unknown nature, often reported to have been seen at sea, but never yet captured.
Note: Many accounts of sea serpents are imaginary or fictitious; others are greatly exaggerated and distorted by incompetent observers; but a number have been given by competent and trustworthy persons, which indicate that several diverse animals have been called sea serpents. Among these are, apparently, several large snakelike fishes, as the oar fish, or ribbon fish (Regalecus), and huge conger eels. Other accounts probably refer to the giant squids (Architeuthis). Some of the best accounts seem to describe a marine saurian, like the fossil Mosasauri, which were large serpentlike creatures with paddles.
SEASHELL
Sea"shell`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The shell of any marine mollusk.
SEASHORE
Sea"shore`, n.
1. The coast of the sea; the land that lies adjacent to the sea or ocean.
2. (Law)
Defn: All the ground between the ordinary highwater and low-water marks.
SEASICK
Sea"sick`, a.
Defn: Affected with seasickness.
SEASICKNESS
Sea"sick`ness, n.
Defn: The peculiar sickness, characterized by nausea and prostration, which is caused by the pitching or rolling of a vessel.
SEASIDE
Sea"side`, n.
Defn: The land bordering on, or adjacent to, the sea; the seashore.
Also used adjectively.
SEA SLATER
Sea" slat"er. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any isopod crustacean of the genus Ligia.
SEA SLUG Sea" slug`. (Zoöl.) (a) A holothurian. (b) A nudibranch mollusk.
SEA SNAIL Sea" snail`. (Zoöl.) (a) A small fish of the genus Liparis, having a ventral sucker. It lives among stones and seaweeds. (b) Any small creeping marine gastropod, as the species of Littorina, Natica, etc.
SEA SNAKE
Sea" snake`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of many species of venomous aquatic snakes of the family Hydrophidæ, having a flattened tail and living entirely in the sea, especially in the warmer parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. They feed upon fishes, and are mostly of moderate size, but some species become eight or ten feet long and four inches broad.
SEA SNIPE Sea" snipe`. (Zoöl.) (a) A sandpiper, as the knot and dunlin. (b) The bellows fish.
SEASON Sea"son, n. Etym: [OE. sesoun, F. saison, properly, the sowing time, fr. L. satio a sowing, a planting, fr. serere, satum, to sow, plant; akin to E. sow, v., to scatter, as seed.]
1. One of the divisions of the year, marked by alternations in the length of day and night, or by distinct conditions of temperature, moisture, etc., caused mainly by the relative position of the earth with respect to the sun. In the north temperate zone, four seasons, namely, spring, summer, autumn, and winter, are generally recognized. Some parts of the world have three seasons, — the dry, the rainy, and the cold; other parts have but two, — the dry and the rainy. The several seasons of the year in their beauty. Addison.
2. Hence, a period of time, especially as regards its fitness for anything contemplated or done; a suitable or convenient time; proper conjuncture; as, the season for planting; the season for rest. The season, prime for sweetest scents and airs. Milton.
3. A period of time not very long; a while; a time. Thou shalt be blind, not seeing the sun for a season. Acts xiii. 11.
4. That which gives relish; seasoning. [Obs.] You lack the season of all natures, sleep. Shak. In season, in good time, or sufficiently early for the purpose. — Out of season, beyond or out of the proper time of the usual or appointed time.
SEASON
Sea"son, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seasoned; p. pr. & vb. n. Seasoning.]
1. To render suitable or appropriate; to prepare; to fit. He is fit and seasoned for his passage. Shak.
2. To fit for any use by time or habit; to habituate; to accustom; to inure; to ripen; to mature; as, to season one to a climate.
3. Hence, to prepare by drying or hardening, or removal of natural juices; as, to season timber.
4. To fit for taste; to render palatable; to give zest or relish to; to spice; as, to season food.
5. Hence, to fit for enjoyment; to render agrecable. You season still with sports your serious hours. Dryden. The proper use of wit is to season conversation. Tillotson.
6. To qualify by admixture; to moderate; to temper. "When mercy seasons justice." Shak.
7. To imbue; to tinge or taint. "Who by his tutor being seasoned with the love of the truth." Fuller. Season their younger years with prudent and pious principles. Jer. Taylor.
8. To copulate with; to impregnate. [R.] Holland.
SEASON
Sea"son, v. i.
1. To become mature; to grow fit for use; to become adapted to a climate.
2. To become dry and hard, by the escape of the natural juices, or by being penetrated with other substance; as, timber seasons in the sun.
3. To give token; to savor. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
SEASONABLE
Sea"son*a*ble, a.
Defn: Occurring in good time, in due season, or in proper time for the purpose; suitable to the season; opportune; timely; as, a seasonable supply of rain. Mercy is seasonable in the time of affliction. Ecclus. xxxv. 20. — Sea"son*a*ble*ness, n. — Sea"son*a*bly, adv.
SEASONAGE
Sea"son*age, n.
Defn: A seasoning. [Obs.] outh.
SEASONAL
Sea"son*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the seasons. Seasonal dimorphism (Zoöl.), the condition of having two distinct varieties which appear at different seasons, as certain species of butterflies in which the spring brood differs from the summer or autumnal brood.
SEASONER
Sea"son*er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, seasons, or gives a relish; a seasoning.
SEASONING
Sea"son*ing, n.
1. The act or process by which anything is seasoned.
2. That which is added to any species of food, to give it a higher relish, as salt, spices, etc.; a condiment.
3. Hence, something added to enhance enjoyment or relieve dullness; as, wit is the seasoning of conversation. Political speculations are of so dry and austere a nature, that they will not go down with the public without frequent seasonings. Addison. Seasoning tub (Bakery), a trough in which dough is set to rise. Knight.
SEASONLESS
Sea"son*less, a.
Defn: Without succession of the seasons.
SEA SPIDER Sea" spi"der. (Zoöl.) (a) Any maioid crab; a spider crab. See Maioid, and Spider crab, under Spider. (b) Any pycnogonid.
SEA SQUIRT
Sea" squirt`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An ascidian. See Illust. under Tunicata.
SEA STAR
Sea" star`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A starfish, or brittle star.
SEA SURGEON
Sea" sur"geon. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A surgeon fish.
SEA SWALLOW
Sea" swal"low.
1. (Zoöl.) (a) The common tern. (b) The storm petrel. (c) The gannet.
2. (Her.)
Defn: See Cornish chough, under Chough.
SEAT
Seat, n. Etym: [OE. sete, Icel. sæti; akin to Sw. säte, Dan. sæde,
MHG. saze, AS. set, setl, and E. sit. sq. root154. See Sit, and cf.
Settle, n.]
1. The place or thing upon which one sits; hence; anything made to be sat in or upon, as a chair, bench, stool, saddle, or the like. And Jesus . . . overthrew the tables of the money changers, and the seats of them that sold doves. Matt. xxi. 12.
2. The place occupied by anything, or where any person or thing is situated, resides, or abides; a site; an abode, a station; a post; a situation. Where thou dwellest, even where Satan's seat is. Rev. ii. 13. He that builds a fair house upon an ill seat committeth himself to prison. Bacon. A seat of plenty, content, and tranquillity. Macaulay.
3. That part of a thing on which a person sits; as, the seat of a chair or saddle; the seat of a pair of pantaloons.
4. A sitting; a right to sit; regular or appropriate place of sitting; as, a seat in a church; a seat for the season in the opera house.
5. Posture, or way of sitting, on horseback. She had so good a seat and hand she might be trusted with any mount. G. Eliot.
6. (Mach.)
Defn: A part or surface on which another part or surface rests; as, a valve seat. Seat worm (Zoöl.), the pinworm.
SEAT
Seat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seated; p. pr. & vb. n. Seating.]
1. To place on a seat; to cause to sit down; as, to seat one's self. The guests were no sooner seated but they entered into a warm debate. Arbuthnot.
2. To cause to occupy a post, site, situation, or the like; to station; to establish; to fix; to settle. Thus high . . . is King Richard seated. Shak. They had seated themselves in New Guiana. Sir W. Raleigh.
3. To assign a seat to, or the seats of; to give a sitting to; as, to seat a church, or persons in a church.
4. To fix; to set firm. From their foundations, loosening to and fro, They plucked the seated hills. Milton.
5. To settle; to plant with inhabitants; as to seat a country. [Obs.] W. Stith.
6. To put a seat or bottom in; as, to seat a chair.
SEAT
Seat, v. i.
Defn: To rest; to lie down. [Obs.] Spenser.
SEA TANG
Sea" tang`. (Bot.)
Defn: A kind of seaweed; tang; tangle.
To their nests of sedge and sea tang. Longfellow.
SEA TERM
Sea" term`.
Defn: A term used specifically by seamen; a nautical word or phrase.
SEA THIEF
Sea" thief`.
Defn: A pirate. Drayton.
SEA THONGS
Sea" thongs`. (Bot.)
Defn: A kind of blackish seaweed (Himanthalia lorea) found on the northern coasts of the Atlantic. It has a thonglike forking process rising from a top-shaped base.
SEATING
Seat"ing, n.
1. The act of providong with a seat or seats; as, the seating of an audience.
2. The act of making seats; also, the material for making seats; as, cane seating.
SEA TITLING
Sea" tit"ling. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The rock pipit.
SEATLESS
Seat"less, a.
Defn: Having no seat.
SEA TOAD Sea" toad`. (Zoöl.) (a) A sculpin. (b) A toadfish. (c) The angler.
SEA TROUT Sea" trout`. (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of several species of true trouts which descend rivers and enter the sea after spawning, as the European bull trout and salmon trout, and the eastern American spotted trout. (b) The common squeteague, and the spotted squeteague. (c) A California fish of the family Chiridæ, especially Hexagrammus decagrammus; — called also spotted rock trout. See Rock trout, under Rock. (d) A California sciænoid fish (Cynoscion nobilis); — called also white sea bass.
SEA TRUMPET
Sea" trum"pet.
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A great blackish seaweed of the Southern Ocean, having a hollow and expanding stem and a pinnate frond, sometimes twenty feet long.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any large marine univalve shell of the genus Triton. See
Triton.
SEA TURN
Sea" turn`.
Defn: A breeze, gale, or mist from the sea. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
SEA TURTLE Sea" tur"tle. (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of several very large species of chelonians having the feet converted into paddles, as the green turtle, hawkbill, loggerhead, and leatherback. They inhabit all warm seas. (b) The sea pigeon, or guillemot.
SEA UNICORN
Sea" u"ni*corn. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The narwhal.
SEA URCHIN
Sea" ur"chin. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of echinoderms of the order
Echinoidea.
Note: When living they are covered with movable spines which are often long and sharp.
SEAVE
Seave, n. Etym: [Cf. Dan. siv, Sw. säf, Icel. sef.]
Defn: A rush. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
SEAVY
Seav`y, a.
Defn: Overgrown with rushes. [Prov. Eng.]
SEA WALL
Sea" wall`. Etym: [AS. sæweall.]
Defn: A wall, or embankment, to resist encroachments of the sea.
SEA-WALLED
Sea"-walled`, a.
Defn: Surrounded, bounded, or protected by the sea, as if by a wall.
Shak.
SEAWAN; SEAWANT
Sea"wan, Sea"want, n.
Defn: The name used by the Algonquin Indians for the shell beads which passed among the Indians as money.
Note: Seawan was of two kinds; wampum, white, and suckanhock, black or purple, — the former having half the value of the latter. Many writers, however, use the terms seawan and wampum indiscriminately. Bartlett.
SEAWAND
Sea"wand` . (Bot.)
Defn: See Sea girdles.
SEAWARD
Sea"ward, a.
Defn: Directed or situated toward the sea. Donne. Two still clouds . . . sparkled on their seaward edges like a frosted fleece. G. W. Cable.
SEAWARD
Sea"ward, adv.
Defn: Toward the sea. Drayton.
SEAWARE
Sea"ware`, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. sæwar seaweed.] (Bot.)
Defn: Seaweed; esp., coarse seaweed. See Ware, and Sea girdles.
SEAWEED
Sea"weed`, n.
1. Popularly, any plant or plants growing in the sea.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: Any marine plant of the class Algæ, as kelp, dulse, Fucus,
Ulva, etc.
SEA WHIP
Sea" whip`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A gorgonian having a simple stem.
SEA WIDGEON Sea" wid"geon. (Zoöl.) (a) The scaup duck. (b) The pintail duck.
SEAWIFE
Sea"wife`, n.; pl. Seawives (. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A European wrasse (Labrus vetula).
SEA WILLOW
Sea" wil"low. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A gorgonian coral with long flexible branches.
SEA WING
Sea" wing`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A wing shell (Avicula).
SEA WITHWIND
Sea" with"wind`.
Defn: (Bot.) A kind of bindweed (Convolvulus Soldanella) growing on the seacoast of Europe.
SEA WOLF Sea" wolf`. (Zoöl.) (a) The wolf fish. (b) The European sea perch. (c) The sea elephant. (d) A sea lion.
SEA WOODCOCK
Sea" wood"cock`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The bar-tailed godwit.
SEA WOOD LOUSE
Sea" wood louse`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A sea slater.
SEA WORMWOOD
Sea" worm"wood`. (Bot.)
Defn: A European species of wormwood (Artemisia maritima) growing by the sea.
SEAWORTHINESS
Sea"wor`thi*ness, n.
Defn: The state or quality of being seaworthy, or able to resist the ordinary violence of wind and weather. Kent.
SEAWORTHY
Sea"wor`thy, a.
Defn: Fit for a voyage; worthy of being trusted to transport a cargo with safety; as, a seaworthy ship.
SEA WRACK
Sea" wrack`. (Bot.)
Defn: See Wrack.
SEBACEOUS
Se*ba"ceous, a. Etym: [NL. sebaceus, from L. sebum tallow, grease.]
(Physiol.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or secreting, fat; composed of fat; having the appearance of fat; as, the sebaceous secretions of some plants, or the sebaceous humor of animals. Sebaceous cyst (Med.), a cyst formed by distention of a sebaceous gland, due to obstruction of its excretory duct. — Sebaceous glands (Anat.), small subcutaneous glands, usually connected with hair follicles. They secrete an oily semifluid matter, composed in great part of fat, which softens and lubricates the hair and skin.
SEBACIC
Se*bac"ic, a. Etym: [L. sebum tallow: cf. F. sébacique.] (Chem.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to fat; derived from, or resembling, fat; specifically, designating an acid (formerly called also sebic, and pyroleic, acid), obtained by the distillation or saponification of certain oils (as castor oil) as a white crystalline substance.
SEBAT
Se"bat, n. Etym: [Heb. shèbat.]
Defn: The eleventh month of the ancient Hebrew year, approximately corresponding with February. W. Smith (Bibl. Dict. ).
SEBATE
Se"bate (se"b\ddt), n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of sebacic acid.
SEBESTEN
Se*bes"ten, n. Etym: [Ar. sebestan the tree: cf. Sp. sebesten.]
(Bot.)
Defn: The mucilaginous drupaceous fruit of two East Indian trees (Cordia Myxa, and C. latifolia), sometimes used medicinally in pectoral diseases.
Note: In the West Indies the name is given to the similar fruit of
Cordia Sebestana.
SEBIC
Se"bic, a.
Defn: See Sebacic. [Obs.]
SEBIFEROUS
Se*bif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. sebum tallow + -ferous.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: Producing vegetable tallow.
2. (Physiol.)
Defn: Producing fat; sebaceous; as, the sebiferous, or sebaceous, glands.
SEBIPAROUS
Se*bip"a*rous, a. Etym: [L. sebum tallow + parere to bring forth.]
(Physiol.)
Defn: Same as Sebiferous.
SEBORRHEA
Seb"or*rhe*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. sebum tallow + Gr. (Med.)
Defn: A morbidly increased discharge of sebaceous matter upon the skin; stearrhea.
SECALE
Se*ca"le, n. Etym: [L., a kind of grain.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of cereal grasses including rye.
SECANCY
Se"can*cy, n. Etym: [See Secant.]
Defn: A cutting; an intersection; as, the point of secancy of one line by another. [R.] Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. ).
SECANT
Se"cant, a. Etym: [L. secans, -antis, p.pr. of secare to cut. See
Section.]
Defn: Cutting; divivding into two parts; as, a secant line.
SECANT
Secant, n. Etym: [Cf. F. sécante. See Secant, a.]
1. (Geom.)
Defn: A line that cuts another; especially, a straight line cutting a curve in two or more points.
2. (Trig.)
Defn: A right line drawn from the center of a circle through one end of a circular arc, and terminated by a tangent drawn from the other end; the number expressing the ratio line of this line to the radius of the circle. See Trigonometrical function, under Function.
SECCO
Sec"co, a. Etym: [It.]
Defn: Dry. Secco painting, or Painting in secco, painting on dry plaster, as distinguished from fresco painting, which is on wet or fresh plaster.
SECEDE
Se"cede", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Seceded; p. pr. & vb. n. Seceding.]
Etym: [L. secedere, secessum; pref se- aside + cedere to go, move.
See Cede.]
Defn: To withdraw from fellowship, communion, or association; to separate one's self by a solemn act; to draw off; to retire; especially, to withdraw from a political or religious body.
SECEDER
Se*ced"er, n.
1. One who secedes.
2. (Eccl. Hist.)
Defn: One of a numerous body of Presbyterians in Scotland who seceded from the communion of the Established Church, about the year 1733, and formed the Secession Church, so called.
SECERN
Se*cern", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secerned; p. pr. & vb. n. Secerning.]
Etym: [L. secernere. See Secrete.]
1. To separate; to distinguish. Averroes secerns a sense of titillation, and a sense of hunger and thirst. Sir W. Hamilton.
2. (Physiol.)
Defn: To secrete; as, mucus secerned in the nose. Arbuthnot.
SECERNENT
Se*cern"ent, a. Etym: [L. secernens, p.pr.] (Physiol.)
Defn: Secreting; secretory.
SECERNENT
Se*cern"ent, n.
1. That which promotes secretion.
2. (Anat.)
Defn: A vessel in, or by means of, which the process of secretion takes place; a secreting vessel.
SECERNMENT
Se*cern"ment, n. (Physiol.)
Defn: The act or process of secreting.
SECESS
Se*cess", n. Etym: [L. secessus. See Secede.]
Defn: Retirement; retreat; secession. [Obs.] R. H. More.
SECESSION
Se*ces"sion, n. Etym: [L. secessio: cf. F. sécession. See Secede.]
1. The act of seceding; separation from fellowship or association with others, as in a religious or political organization; withdrawal.
2. (U.S. Hist.)
Defn: The withdrawal of a State from the national Union. Secession
Church (in Scotland). See Seceder.
SECESSIONISM
Se*ces"sion*ism, n.
Defn: The doctrine or policy of secession; the tenets of secession; the tenets of secessionists.
SECESSIONIST
Se*ces"sion*ist, n.
1. One who upholds secession.
2. (U.S. Hist.)
Defn: One who holds to the belief that a State has the right to separate from the Union at its will.
SECHE
Seche, v. t. & i.
Defn: To seek. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SECHIUM
Se"chi*um, n. Etym: [NL.: cf. F. séchion; perhaps formed fr. Gr.
(Bot.)
Defn: The edible fruit of a West Indian plant (Sechium edule) of the Gourd family. It is soft, pear-shaped, and about four inches long, and contains a single large seed. The root of the plant resembles a yam, and is used for food.
SECK
Seck, a. Etym: [F. sec, properly, dry, L. siccua.]
Defn: Barren; unprofitable. See Rent seck, under Rent.
SECKEL
Seck"el, n. (Bot.)
Defn: A small reddish brown sweet and juicy pear. It originated on a farm near Philadelphia, afterwards owned by a Mr. Seckel.
SECLE
Se"cle, n. Etym: [L. saeculum: cf. F. siècle. See Secular.]
Defn: A century. [Obs.] Hammond.
SECLUDE
Se*clude, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secluded; p. pr. & vb. n. Secluding.]
Etym: [L. secludere, seclusum pref. se- aside + claudere to shut. See
Close, v. t.]
1. To shut up apart from others; to withdraw into, or place in, solitude; to separate from society or intercourse with others. Let Eastern tyrants from the light of heaven Seclude their bosom slaves. Thomson.
2. To shut or keep out; to exclude. [Obs.] Evelyn.
— Se*clud"ed*ly, adv.
— Se*clud"ed*ness, n.
SECLUSION
Se*clu"sion, n. Etym: [See Seclude.]
Defn: The act of secluding, or the state of being secluded; separation from society or connection; a withdrawing; privacy; as, to live in seclusion. O blest seclusion from a jarring world, which he, thus occupied, enjoys! Cowper.
Syn.
— Solitude; separation; withdrawment; retirement; privacy. See
Solitude.
SECLUSIVE
Se*clu"sive, a.
Defn: Tending to seclude; keeping in seclusion; secluding; sequestering.
SECOND Sec"ond, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. secundus second, properly, following, fr. sequi to follow. See Sue to follow, and cf. Secund.]
1. Immediately following the first; next to the first in order of place or time; hence, occuring again; another; other. And he slept and dreamed the second time. Gen. xli. 5.
2. Next to the first in value, power, excellence, dignity, or rank; secondary; subordinate; inferior. May the day when we become the second people upon earth . . . be the day of our utter extirpation. Landor.
3. Being of the same kind as another that has preceded; another, like a protype; as, a second Cato; a second Troy; a second deluge. A Daniel, still say I, a second Daniel! Shak. Second Adventist. See Adventist. — Second cousin, the child of a cousin. — Second-cut file. See under File. — Second distance (Art), that part of a picture between the foreground and the background; — called also middle ground, or middle distance. [R.] — Second estate (Eng.), the House of Peers. — Second girl, a female house-servant who does the lighter work, as chamber work or waiting on table. — Second intention. See under Intention. — Second story, Story floor, in America, the second range of rooms from the street level. This, in England, is called the first floor, the one beneath being the ground floor. — Second thought or thoughts, consideration of a matter following a first impulse or impression; reconsideration. On second thoughts, gentlemen, I don't wish you had known him. Dickens.
SECOND
Sec"ond, n.
1. One who, or that which, follows, or comes after; one next and inferior in place, time, rank, importance, excellence, or power. Man an angel's second, nor his second long. Young.
2. One who follows or attends another for his support and aid; a backer; an assistant; specifically, one who acts as another's aid in a duel. Being sure enough of seconds after the first onset. Sir H. Wotton.
3. Aid; assistance; help. [Obs.] Give second, and my love Is everlasting thine. J. Fletcher.
4. pl.
Defn: An article of merchandise of a grade inferior to the best; esp., a coarse or inferior kind of flour.
5. Etym: [F. seconde. See Second, a.]
Defn: The sixtieth part of a minute of time or of a minute of space, that is, the second regular subdivision of the degree; as, sound moves about 1,140 English feet in a second; five minutes and ten seconds north of this place.
6. In the duodecimal system of mensuration, the twelfth part of an inch or prime; a line. See Inch, and Prime, n., 8.
7. (Mus.) (a) The interval between any tone and the tone which is represented on the degree of the staff next above it. (b) The second part in a concerted piece; — often popularly applied to the alto. Second hand, the hand which marks the seconds on the dial of a watch or a clock.
SECOND
Sec"ond, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Seconded; p. pr. & vb. n. Seconding.]
Etym: [Cf. F. seconder, L. secundare, from secundus. See Second, a.]
1. To follow in the next place; to succeed; to alternate. [R.]
In the method of nature, a low valley is immediately seconded with an
ambitious hill. Fuller.
Sin is seconded with sin. South.
2. To follow or attend for the purpose of assisting; to support; to back; to act as the second of; to assist; to forward; to encourage. We have supplies to second our attempt. Shak. In human works though labored on with pain, A thousand movements scarce one purpose gain; In God's, one single can its end produce, Yet serves to second too some other use. Pope.
3. Specifically, to support, as a motion or proposal, by adding one's voice to that of the mover or proposer.
SECONDARILY
Sec"ond*a*ri*ly, adv.
1. In a secondary manner or degree.
2. Secondly; in the second place. [Obs.] God hath set some in the church, first apostels, secondarily prophets, thirdly teachers. 1 Cor. xii. 28.
SECONDARINESS
Sec"ond*a*ri*ness, n.
Defn: The state of being secondary. Full of a girl's sweet sense of secondariness to the object of her love. Mrs. Oliphant.
SECONDARY Sec"ond*a*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. secondaire, L. secundaire. See Second, a.]
1. Suceeding next in order to the first; of second place, origin, rank, rank, etc.; not primary; subordinate; not of the first order or rate. Wheresoever there is normal right on the one hand, no secondary right can discharge it. L'Estrange. Two are the radical differences; the secondary differences are as four. Bacon.
2. Acting by deputation or delegated authority; as, the work of secondary hands.
3. (Chem.)
Defn: Possessing some quality, or having been subject to some operation (as substitution), in the second degree; as, a secondary salt, a secondary amine, etc. Cf. primary.
4. (Min.)
Defn: Subsequent in origin; — said of minerals produced by alteertion or deposition subsequent to the formation of the original rocks mass; also of characters of minerals (as secondary cleavage, etc.) developed by pressure or other causes.
5. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Pertaining to the second joint of the wing of a bird.
6. (Med.)
Defn: Dependent or consequent upon another disease; as, Bright's disease is often secondary to scarlet fever. (b) Occuring in the second stage of a disease; as, the secondary symptoms of syphilis. Secondary accent. See the Note under Accent, n., 1. — Secondary age. (Geol.) The Mesozoic age, or age before the Tertiary. See Mesozoic, and Note under Age, n., 8. — Secondary alcohol (Chem.), any one of a series of alcohols which contain the radical CH.OH united with two hydrocarbon radicals. On oxidation the secondary alcohols form ketones. — Secondary amputation (Surg.), an amputation for injury, performed after the constitutional effects of the injury have subsided. — Secondary axis (Opt.), any line which passes through the optical center of a lens but not through the centers of curvature, or, in the case of a mirror, which passes through the center of curvature but not through the center of the mirror. — Secondary battery. (Elec.) See under Battery, n., 4. — Secondary circle (Geom. & Astron.), a great circle passes through the poles of another great circle and is therefore perpendicular to its plane. — Secondary circuit, Secondary coil (Elec.), a circuit or coil in which a current is produced by the induction of a current in a neighboring circuit or coil called the primary circuit or coil. — Secondary color, a color formed by mixing any two primary colors in equal proportions. — Secondary coverts (Zoöl.), the longer coverts which overlie the basal part of the secondary quills of a bird. See Illust. under Bird. — Secondary crystal (Min.), a crystal derived from one of the primary forms. — Secondary current (Elec.), a momentary current induced in a closed circuit by a current of electricity passing through the same or a contiguous circuit at the beginning and also at the end of the passage of the primary current. — Secondary evidence, that which is admitted upon failure to obtain the primary or best evidence. — Secondary fever (Med.), a fever coming on in a disease after the subsidence of the fever with which the disease began, as the fever which attends the outbreak of the eruption in smallpox. — Secondary hemorrhage (Med.), hemorrhage occuring from a wounded blood vessel at some considerable time after the original bleeding has ceased. — Secondary planet. (Astron.) See the Note under Planet. — Secondary qualities, those qualities of bodies which are not inseparable from them as such, but are dependent for their development and intensity on the organism of the percipient, such as color, taste, odor, etc. — Secondary quills or remiges (Zoöl.), the quill feathers arising from the forearm of a bird and forming a row continuous with the primaries; — called also secondaries. See Illust. of Bird. — Secondary rocks or strata (Geol.), those lying between the Primary, or Paleozoic, and Tertiary (see Primary rocks, under Primary); — later restricted to strata of the Mesozoic age, and at but little used. — Secondary syphilis (Med.), the second stage of syphilis, including the period from the first development of constitutional symptoms to the time when the bones and the internal organs become involved. — Secondary tint, any subdued tint, as gray. — Secondary union (Surg.), the union of wounds after suppuration; union by the second intention.
Syn.
— Second; second-rate; subordinate; inferior.
SECONDARY
Sec"ond*a*ry, n.; pl. Secondaries (.
1. One who occupies a subordinate, inferior, or auxiliary place; a delegate deputy; one who is second or next to the chief officer; as, the secondary, or undersheriff of the city of London. Old Escalus . . . is thy secondary. Shak.
2. (Astron.) (a) A secondary circle. (b) A satellite.
3. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A secondary quill.
SECOND-CLASS
Sec"ond-class`, a.
Defn: Of the rank or degree below the best highest; inferior; second- rate; as, a second-class house; a second-class passage.
SECONDER
Sec"ond*er, n.
Defn: One who seconds or supports what another attempts, affirms, moves, or proposes; as, the seconder of an enterprise or of a motion.
SECONDHAND
Sec"ond*hand`, a.
1. Not original or primary; received from another. They have but a secondhand or implicit knowledge. Locke.
2. Not new; already or previously or used by another; as, a secondhand book, garment. At second hand. See Hand, n., 10.
SECONDLY
Sec"ond*ly, adv.
Defn: In the second place.
SECONDO
Se*con"do (; It.), n. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)
Defn: The second part in a concerted piece.
SECOND-RATE
Sec"ond-rate`, a.
Defn: Of the second size, rank, quality, or value; as, a second-rate ship; second-rate cloth; a second-rate champion. Dryden.
SECOND-SIGHT
Sec"ond-sight`, n.
Defn: The power of discerning what is not visible to the physical eye, or of foreseeing future events, esp. such as are of a disastrous kind; the capacity of a seer; prophetic vision. he was seized with a fit of second-sight. Addison. Nor less availed his optic sleight, And Scottish gift of second- sight. Trumbull.
SECOND-SIGHTED
Sec"ond-sight`ed, a.
Defn: Having the power of second-sight. Addison.
SECRE
Se"cre ( or ), a.
Defn: Secret; secretive; faithful to a secret. [Obs.]
To be holden stable and secre. Chaucer.
SECRE
Se"cre, n.
Defn: A secret. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SECRECY
Se"cre*cy, n.; pl. Secrecies. Etym: [From Secret.]
1. The state or quality of being hidden; as, his movements were detected in spite of their secrecy. The Lady Anne, Whom the king hath in secrecy long married. Shak.
2. That which is concealed; a secret. [R.] Shak.
3. Seclusion; privacy; retirement. "The pensive secrecy of desert cell." Milton.
4. The quality of being secretive; fidelity to a secret; forbearance of disclosure or discovery. It is not with public as with private prayer; in this, rather secrecy is commanded than outward show. Hooker.
SECRELY
Se"cre*ly, adv.
Defn: Secretly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SECRENESS
Se"cre*ness, n.
Defn: Secrecy; privacy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SECRET Se"cret, a. Etym: [F. secret (cf. Sp.& Pg. secreto, It. secreto, segreto), fr. L. secretus, p.p. of secrernere to put apart, to separate. See Certain, and cf. Secrete, Secern.]
1. Hidden; concealed; as, secret treasure; secret plans; a secret vow. Shak. The secret things belong unto the Lord our God; but those things which are revealed belong unto us. Deut. xxix. 29.
2. Withdraw from general intercourse or notice; in retirement or
secrecy; secluded.
There, secret in her sapphire cell, He with the Naïs wont to dwell.
Fenton.
3. Faithful to a secret; not inclined to divulge or betray confidence; secretive. [R.] Secret Romans, that have spoke the word, And will not palter. Shak.
4. Separate; distinct. [Obs.] They suppose two other divine hypostases superior thereunto, which were perfectly secret from matter. Cudworth.
Syn. — Hidden; concealed; secluded; retired; unseen; unknown; private; obscure; recondite; latent; covert; clandestine; privy. See Hidden.
SECRET Se"cret, n. Etym: [F. secret (cf. Pr. secret, Sp. & Pg. secreto, It. secreto, segreto), from L. secretum. See Secret, a.]
1. Something studiously concealed; a thing kept from general knowledge; what is not revealed, or not to be revealed. To tell our secrets is often folly; to communicate those of others is treachery. Rambler.
2. A thing not discovered; what is unknown or unexplained; a mystery. All secrets of the deep, all nature's works. Milton
3. pl.
Defn: The parts which modesty and propriety require to be concealed; the genital organs. In secret, in a private place; in privacy or secrecy; in a state or place not seen; privately. Bread eaten in secret is pleasant. Prov. ix. 17.
SECRET
Se"cret, v. t.
Defn: To keep secret. [Obs.] Bacon.
SECRETAGE
Se"cret*age, n. Etym: [F.]
Defn: A process in which mercury, or some of its salts, is employed to impart the property of felting to certain kinds of furs. Ure.
SECRETARIAL
Sec`re*ta"ri*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a secretary; befitting a secretary. [R.]
Secretarial, diplomatic, or other official training. Carlyle.
SECRETARIAT; SECRETARIATE
Sec`re*ta"ri*at, Sec`re*ta"ri*ate, n. Etym: [F. secrétariat.]
Defn: The office of a secretary; the place where a secretary transacts business, keeps records, etc.
SECRETARY Sec"re*ta*ry, n.; pl. Secretaries. Etym: [F. secrétaire (cf. Pr. secretari, Sp. & Pg. secretario, It. secretario, segretario) LL. secretarius, originally, a confidant, one intrusted with secrets, from L. secretum a secret. See Secret, a. & n.]
1. One who keeps, or is intrusted with, secrets. [R.]
2. A person employed to write orders, letters, dispatches, public or private papers, records, and the like; an official scribe, amanuensis, or writer; one who attends to correspondence, and transacts other business, for an association, a public body, or an individual. That which is most of all profitable is acquaintance with the secretaries, and employed men of ambassadors. Bacon.
3. An officer of state whose business is to superintend and manage the affairs of a particular department of government, and who is usually a member of the cabinet or advisory council of the chief executive; as, the secretary of state, who conducts the correspondence and attends to the relations of a government with foreign courts; the secretary of the treasury, who manages the department of finance; the secretary of war, etc.
4. A piece of furniture, with conveniences for writing and for the arrangement of papers; an escritoire.
5. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The secretary bird. Secretary Bird. Etym: [So called in allusion to the tufts of feathers at the back of its head, which were fancifully thought to resemble pens stuck behind the ear.] (Zoöl.) A large long-legged raptorial bird (Gypogeranus serpentarius), native of South Africa, but now naturalized in the West Indies and some other tropical countries. It has a powerful hooked beak, a crest of long feathers, and a long tail. It feeds upon reptiles of various kinds, and is much prized on account of its habit of killing and devouring snakes of all kinds. Called also serpent eater.
Syn.
— See the Note under Clerk, n., 4.
SECRETARYSHIP
Sec"re*ta*ry*ship, n.
Defn: The office, or the term of office, of a secretary.
SECRETE
Se*crete", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Secreted; p. pr. & vb. n. Secreting.]
Etym: [L. secretus separated, secret, hidden, p. p. of secernere. See
Secret, and cf. Discrete, Discreet.]
1. To deposit in a place of hiding; to hide; to conceal; as, to secrete stolen goods; to secrete one's self.
2. (Physiol.)
Defn: To separate from the blood and elaborate by the process of secretion; to elaborate and emit as a secretion. See Secretion. Why one set of cells should secrete bile, another urea, and so on, we do not known. Carpenter.
Syn.
— To conceal; hide. See Conceal.
SECRETION
Se*cre"tion, n. Etym: [L. secretio: cf. F. sécrétion.]
1. The act of secreting or concealing; as, the secretion of dutiable goods.
2. (Physiol.)
Defn: The act of secreting; the process by which material is separated from the blood through the agency of the cells of the various glands and elaborated by the cells into new substances so as to form the various secretions, as the saliva, bile, and other digestive fluids. The process varies in the different glands, and hence are formed the various secretions.
3. (Physiol.)
Defn: Any substance or fluid secreted, or elaborated and emitted, as the gastric juice.
SECRETIST
Se"cret*ist, n.
Defn: A dealer in secrets. [Obs.]
SECRETITIOUS
Se`cre*ti"tious, a.
Defn: Parted by animal secretion; as, secretitious humors. Floyer.
SECRETIVE
Se*cret"ive, a.
Defn: Tending to secrete, or to keep secret or private; as, a secretive disposition.
SECRETIVENESS
Se*cret"ive*ness, n.
1. The quality of being secretive; disposition or tendency to conceal.
2. (Phren.)
Defn: The faculty or propensity which impels to reserve, secrecy, or concealment.
SECRETLY
Se"cret*ly, adv.
Defn: In a secret manner.
SECRETNESS
Se"cret*ness, n.
1. The state or quality of being secret, hid, or concealed.
2. Secretiveness; concealment. Donne.
SECRETO-MOTORY
Se*cre`to-*mo"to*ry, a. (Physiol.)
Defn: Causing secretion; — said of nerves which go to glands and influence secretion.
SECRETORY
Se*cre"to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. sécrétoire. See Secrete.] (Physiol.)
Defn: Secreting; performing, or connected with, the office secretion; secernent; as, secretory vessels, nerves. — n.
Defn: A secretory vessel; a secernent.
SECRET SERVICE
Se"cret serv"ice.
Defn: The detective service of a government. In the United States, in time of peace the bureau of secret service is under the treasury department, and in time of war it aids the war department in securing information concerning the movements of the enemy.
SECT
Sect, n. Etym: [L. secare, sectum, to cut.]
Defn: A cutting; a scion. [Obs.] Shak.
SECT
Sect, n. Etym: [F. secte, L. sects, fr. sequi to follew; often
confused with L. secare, sectum, to cut. See Sue to follow, and cf.
Sept, Suit, n.]
Defn: Those following a particular leader or authority, or attached to a certain opinion; a company or set having a common belief or allegiance distinct from others; in religion, the believers in a particular creed, or upholders of a particular practice; especially, in modern times, a party dissenting from an established church; a denomination; in philosophy, the disciples of a particular master; a school; in society and the state, an order, rank, class, or party. He beareth the sign of poverty, And in that sect our Savior saved all mankind. Piers Plowman. As of the sect of which that he was born, He kept his lay, to which that he was sworn. Chaucer. The cursed sect of that detestable and false prophet Mohammed. Fabyan. As concerning this sect [Christians], we know that everywhere it is spoken against. Acts xxviii. 22.
SECTANT
Sec"tant, n. Etym: [L. secare, sectum, to cut.]
Defn: One of the portions of space bounded by the three coordinate planes. Specif. (Crystallog.), one of the parts of a crystal into which it is divided by the axial planes.
SECTARIAN
Sec*ta"ri*an, n.
Defn: Pertaining to a sect, or to sects; peculiar to a sect; bigotedly attached to the tenets and interests of a denomination; as, sectarian principles or prejudices.
SECTARIAN
Sec*ta"ri*an, n.
Defn: One of a sect; a member or adherent of a special school, denomination, or religious or philosophical party; one of a party in religion which has separated itself from established church, or which holds tenets different from those of the prevailing denomination in a state.
Syn.
— See Heretic.
SECTARIANISM
Sec*ta"ri*an*ism, n.
Defn: The quality or character of a sectarian; devotion to the interests of a party; excess of partisan or denominational zeal; adherence to a separate church organization.
SECTARIANIZE
Sec*ta"ri*an*ize, v. t.
Defn: To imbue with sectarian feelings; to subject to the control of a sect.
SECTARISM
Sec"ta*rism, n.
Defn: Sectarianism. [Obs.]
SECTARIST
Sec"ta*rist, n.
Defn: A sectary. [R.] T. Warton.
SECTARY
Sec"ta*ry, n.;pl. Sectaries. Etym: [F. sectaire. See Sect.]
Defn: A sectarian; a member or adherent of a sect; a follower or disciple of some particular teacher in philosophy or religion; one who separates from an established church; a dissenter. I never knew that time in England when men of truest religion were not counted sectaries. Milton.
SECTATOR Sec*ta"tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. sectari, v. intens. fr. sequi to follow. See Sue to follow.]
Defn: A follower; a disciple; an adherent to a sect. [Obs.] Sir W.
Raleigh.
SECTILE Sec"tile, a. Etym: [L. sectilis, fr. secare, sectum, to cut: cf. F. sectile. See Section.]
Defn: Capable of being cut; specifically (Min.), capable of being severed by the knife with a smooth cut; — said of minerals.
SECTILITY
Sec*til"i*ty, n.
Defn: The state or quality of being sectile.