5. (C

Defn: A recess, or bed, for the leaf of a hinge.

6. The hard stratum of earth that lies below the soil. See Hard pan, under Hard.

7. A natural basin, containing salt or fresh water, or mud. Flash in the pan. See under Flash. — To savor of the pan, to suggest the process of cooking or burning; in a theological sense, to be heretical. Ridley. Southey.

PAN
Pan, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Panned; p. pr. & vb. n. Panning.] (Mining)

Defn: To separate, as gold, from dirt or sand, by washing in a kind of pan. [U. S.] We . . . witnessed the process of cleaning up and panning out, which is the last process of separating the pure gold from the fine dirt and black sand. Gen. W. T. Sherman.

PAN
Pan, v. i.

1. (Mining)

Defn: To yield gold in, or as in, the process of panning; — usually with out; as, the gravel panned out richly.

2. To turn out (profitably or unprofitably); to result; to develop; as, the investigation, or the speculation, panned out poorly. [Slang, U. S.]

PANABASE Pan"a*base, n. Etym: [Pan- + base. So called in allusion to the number of metals contained in it.] (Min.)

Defn: Same as Tetrahedrite.

PANACEA
Pan`a*ce"a, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. A remedy for all diseases; a universal medicine; a cure-all; catholicon; hence, a relief or solace for affliction.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The herb allheal.

PANACEAN
Pan`a*ce"an, a.

Defn: Having the properties of a panacea. [R.] "Panacean dews."
Whitehead.

PANACHE
Pa*nache", n. Etym: [F., fr. L. penna a feather. See Pen a feather.]

Defn: A plume or bunch of feathers, esp. such a bunch worn on the helmet; any military plume, or ornamental group of feathers. A panache of variegated plumes. Prescott.

PANADA; PANADE Pa*na"da, Pa*nade", n. Etym: [Sp. panada, fr. L. panis bread: cf. F. panade. See Pantry.]

Defn: Bread boiled in water to the consistence of pulp, and sweetened or flavored. [Written also panado.]

PANADE
Pa*nade", n.

Defn: A dagger. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PANAMA HAT
Pan`a*ma" hat`.

Defn: A fine plaited hat, made in Central America of the young leaves of a plant (Carludovica palmata).

PANAMANIAN
Pan`a*ma"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or pert. to Panama. — n.

Defn: A native or citizen of Panama.

PAN-AMERICAN
Pan`-A*mer"i*can, a. Etym: [See Pan-.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to both North and South America.

PAN-AMERICAN CONGRESS Pan-American Congress. Any of several meetings of delegates from various American states; esp.: (a) One held in 1889-90 in the United States, at which all the independent states except Santo Domingo were represented and of which the practical result was the establishment of the Bureau of American Republics for the promotion of trade relations. (b) One held in Mexico in 1901-1902. (c) One held at Rio de Janeiro in 1906.

PAN-AMERICANISM
Pan-A*mer"i*can*ism, n.

Defn: The principle or advocacy of a political alliance or union of all the states of America.

PAN-ANGLICAN
Pan`-An"gli*can, a. Etym: [Pan- + Anglican.] (Eccl.)

Defn: Belonging to, or representing, the whole Church of England; used less strictly, to include the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States; as, the Pan-Anglican Conference at Lambeth, in 1888.

PANARY
Pan"a*ry, a. Etym: [L. panis bread.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to bread or to breadmaking.

PANARY
Pan"a*ry, n.

Defn: A storehouse for bread. Halliwell.

PANATHENAEA
Pan*ath`e*næ"a, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ; , , all + Athena.]

Defn: The most ancient and important festival of Athens, celebrated in honor of Athena, the tutelary goddess of the city.

PANCAKE
Pan"cake`, n.

Defn: A thin cake of batter fried in a pan or on a griddle; a griddlecake; a flapjack. "A pancake for Shrove Tuesday." Shak.

PANCARTE
Pan"carte`, n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. pancharta. See Pan-, and Carte.]

Defn: A royal charter confirming to a subject all his possessions.
[Obs.] Holinshed.

PANCE
Pance, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The pansy. [Also paunce.]

PANCH
Panch, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Paunch.

PANCHWAY
Panch"way, n. Etym: [Hind. pan.] (Naut.)

Defn: A Bengalese four-oared boat for passengers. [Written also panshway and paunchwas.] Malcom.

PANCRATIAN
Pan*cra"tian, a.

Defn: Pancratic; athletic.

PANCRATIAST
Pan*cra"ti*ast, n.

Defn: One who engaged in the contests of the pancratium.

PANCRATIASTIC
Pan*cra`ti*as"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pancratium. G. West.

PANCRATIC
Pan*crat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Opt.)

Defn: Having all or many degrees of power; having a great range of power; — said of an eyepiece made adjustable so as to give a varying magnifying power.

PANCRATIC; PANCRATICAL
Pan*crat"ic, Pan*crat"ic*al, a. Etym: [See Pancratium.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pancratium; athletic. Sir T. Browne

PANCRATIST
Pan"cra*tist, n.

Defn: An athlete; a gymnast.

PANCRATIUM
Pan*cra"ti*um, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: An athletic contest involving both boxing and wrestling.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of Old World amaryllideous bulbous plants, having a funnel-shaped perianth with six narrow spreading lobes. The American species are now placed in the related genus Hymenocallis.

PANCREAS
Pan"cre*as, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. pancréas.] (Anat.)

Defn: The sweetbread, a gland connected with the intestine of nearly all vertebrates. It is usually elongated and light-colored, and its secretion, called the pancreatic juice, is discharged, often together with the bile, into the upper part of the intestines, and is a powerful aid in digestion. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus.

PANCREATIC
Pan`cre*at"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pancréatique.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pancreas; as, the pancreatic secretion, digestion, ferments. Pancreatic juice (Physiol.), a colorless alkaline fluid secreted intermittently by the pancreatic gland. It is one of the most important of the digestive fluids, containing at least three distinct ferments, trypsin, steapsin and an amylolytic ferment, by which it acts upon all three classes of food stuffs. See Pancreas.

PANCREATIN
Pan"cre*a*tin, n. Etym: [See Pancreas.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: One of the digestive ferments of the pancreatic juice; also, a preparation containing such a ferment, made from the pancreas of animals, and used in medicine as an aid to digestion.

Note: By some the term pancreatin is restricted to the amylolytic ferment of the pancreatic juice, by others it is applied to trypsin, and by still others to steapsin.

PANCY
Pan"cy, n.

Defn: See Pansy. [Obs.] Dryden.

PANDA
Pan"da, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small Asiatic mammal (Ailurus fulgens) having fine soft fur.
It is related to the bears, and inhabits the mountains of Northern
India.

PANDANUS
Pan*da"nus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Malay pandan.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of endogenous plants. See Screw pine.

PANDAR
Pan"dar, n.

Defn: Same as Pander. "Seized by the pandar of Appius." Macaulay.

PANDARISM
Pan"dar*ism, n.

Defn: Same as Panderism. Swift.

PANDARIZE
Pan"dar*ize, v. i.

Defn: To pander. [Obs.]

PANDAROUS
Pan"dar*ous, a.

Defn: Panderous. [Obs.]

PANDEAN
Pan*de"an, a. Etym: [From 4th Pan.]

Defn: Of or relating to the god Pan. Pandean pipes, a primitive wind instrument, consisting of a series of short hollow reeds or pipes, graduated in length by the musical scale, and fastened together side by side; a syrinx; a mouth organ; — said to have been invented by Pan. Called also Pan's pipes and Panpipes.

PANDECT
Pan"dect, n. Etym: [L. pandecta, pandectes, Gr. pandectes, pl.]

1. A treatise which comprehends the whole of any science. [Thou] a pandect mak'st, and universal book. Donne.

2. pl.

Defn: The digest, or abridgment, in fifty books, of the decisions, writings, and opinions of the old Roman jurists, made in the sixth century by direction of the emperor Justinian, and forming the leading compilation of the Roman civil law. Kent.

PANDEMIC
Pan*dem"ic, a. Etym: [L. pandemus, Gr. pandémique.]

Defn: Affecting a whole people or a number of countries; everywhere epidemic. — n.

Defn: A pandemic disease. Harvey.

PANDEMONIUM
Pan`de*mo"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr.

1. The great hall or council chamber of demons or evil spirits. Milton.

2. An utterly lawless, riotous place or assemblage.

PANDER Pan"der, n. Etym: [From Pandarus, a leader in the Trojan army, who is represented by Chaucer and Shakespeare as having procured for Troilus the possession of Cressida.]

1. A male bawd; a pimp; a procurer. Thou art the pander to her dishonor. Shak.

2. Hence, one who ministers to the evil designs and passions of another. Those wicked panders to avarice and ambition. Burke.

PANDER
Pan"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pandered; p. pr. & vb. n. Pandering.]

Defn: To play the pander for.

PANDER
Pan"der, v. i.

Defn: To act the part of a pander.

PANDERAGE
Pan"der*age, n.

Defn: The act of pandering.

PANDERISM
Pan"der*ism, n.

Defn: The employment, arts, or practices of a pander. Bp. Hall.

PANDERLY
Pan"der*ly, a.

Defn: Having the quality of a pander. "O, you panderly rascals."
Shak.

PANDERMITE Pan*der"mite, n. Etym: [From Panderma, a port on the Black Sea from which it is exported.] (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous borate of lime, near priceite.

PANDEROUS
Pan"der*ous

Defn: , Of or relating to a pander; characterizing a pander.

PANDICULATED
Pan*dic"u*la`ted, a. Etym: [See Pandiculation.]

Defn: Extended; spread out; stretched.

PANDICULATION Pan*dic`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. pandiculari to stretch one's self, fr. pandere to spread out.]

Defn: A stretching and stiffening of the trunk and extremities, as when fatigued and drowsy.

PANDIT
Pan"dit, n.

Defn: See Pundit.

PANDOOR
Pan"door n.

Defn: Same as Pandour.

PANDORA Pan*do"ra, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Pandw`ra; pa^s, pa^n, all + dw^ron a gift.]

1. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: A beautiful woman (all-gifted), whom Jupiter caused Vulcan to make out of clay in order to punish the human race, because Prometheus had stolen the fire from heaven. Jupiter gave Pandora a box containing all human ills, which, when the box was opened, escaped and spread over the earth. Hope alone remained in the box. Another version makes the box contain all the blessings of the gods, which were lost to men when Pandora opened it.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of marine bivalves, in which one valve is flat, the other convex.

PANDORE
Pan"dore, n. Etym: [F. See Bandore.]

Defn: An ancient musical instrument, of the lute kind; a bandore.
[Written also pandoran.]

PANDOUR
Pan"dour, n.

Defn: One of a class of Hungarian mountaineers serving in the
Austrian army; — so called from Pandur, a principal town in the
region from which they originally came. [Written also pandoor.]
Her whiskered pandours and her fierce hussars. Campbell.

PANDOWDY
Pan*dow"dy, n.

Defn: A deep pie or pudding made of baked apples, or of sliced bread and apples baked together, with no bottom crust.

PANDURATE; PANDURIFORM Pan"du*rate, Pan*du"ri*form, a. Etym: [L. pandura a pandore + -form: cf. F. panduriforme.]

Defn: Obovate, with a concavity in each side, like the body of a violin; fiddle-shaped; as, a panduriform leaf; panduriform color markings of an animal.

PANE
Pane, n. Etym: [F. panne.]

Defn: The narrow edge of a hammer head. See Peen.

PANE Pane, n. Etym: [OE. pan part, portion of a thing, F. pan a skirt, lappet, part or piece of a wall, side, fr. L. pannus a cloth, fillet, rag; akin to E. vane. See Vane, and cf. Panel, Pawn pledge.]

1. A division; a distinct piece, limited part, or compartment of any surface; a patch; hence, a square of a checkered or plaided pattern.

2. One of the openings in a slashed garment, showing the bright colored silk, or the like, within; hence, the piece of colored or other stuff so shown.

3. (Arch.) (a) A compartment of a surface, or a flat space; hence, one side or face of a building; as, an octagonal tower is said to have eight panes. (b) Especially, in modern use, the glass in one compartment of a window sash.

4. In irrigating, a subdivision of an irrigated surface between a feeder and an outlet drain.

5. (a) One of the flat surfaces, or facets, of any object having several sides. (b) One of the eight facets surrounding the table of a brilliant cut diamond.

PANED
Paned, a.

1. Having panes; provided with panes; also, having openings; as, a paned window; paned window sash. "Paned hose." Massinger.

2. (Mach.)

Defn: Having flat sides or surfaces; as, a sixpaned nut.

PANEGYRIC Pan`e*gyr"ic, n. Etym: [L. panegyricus, Gr. panhgyrico`s: cf. F. panégyrique. See Panegyric, a.]

Defn: An oration or eulogy in praise of some person or achievement; a formal or elaborate encomium; a laudatory discourse; laudation. See Synonym of Eulogy.

PANEGYRIC; PANEGYRICAL Pan`e*gyr"ic, Pan`e*gyr"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. panegyricus, Gr. panhgyrico`s, from pa^, pa^n all +

Defn: Containing praise or eulogy; encomiastic; laudatory. "Panegyric
strains." Pope.
— Pan`e*gyr"ic*al*ly, adv.
Some of his odes are panegyrical. Dryden.

PANEGYRIS
Pa*neg"y*ris, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Panegyric.]

Defn: A festival; a public assembly. [Obs.] S. Harris.

PANEGYRIST
Pan"e*gyr`ist, n. Etym: [L. panegyrista, Gr. Panegyric.]

Defn: One who delivers a panegyric; a eulogist; one who extols or praises, either by writing or speaking. If these panegyrists are in earnest. Burke.

PANEGYRIZE
Pan"e*gy*rize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Panegyrized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Panegyrizing.] Etym: [Gr. Panegyrist.]

Defn: To praise highly; to extol in a public speech; to write or deliver a panegyric upon; to eulogize.

PANEGYRIZE
Pan"e*gy*rize, v. i.

Defn: To indulge in panegyrics. Mitford.

PANEGYRY
Pan"e*gyr`y, n.

Defn: A panegyric. [Obs.] Milton.

PANEL
Pan"el, n. Etym: [Orig., a little piece; OF. panel, pannel, F.
panneau, dim. of pan skirt, lappet, part or piece of a wall, side.
See 2d Pane.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A sunken compartment with raised margins, molded or otherwise, as in ceilings, wainscotings, etc.

2. (Law) (a) A piece of parchment or a schedule, containing the names of persons summoned as jurors by the sheriff; hence, more generally, the whole jury. Blackstone. (b) (Scots Law) A prisoner arraigned for trial at the bar of a criminal court. Burrill.

3. Formerly, a piece of cloth serving as a saddle; hence, a soft pad beneath a saddletree to prevent chafing.

4. (Joinery)

Defn: A board having its edges inserted in the groove of a surrounding frame; as, the panel of a door.

5. (Masonry)

Defn: One of the faces of a hewn stone. Gwilt.

6. (Painting)

Defn: A slab or plank of wood upon which, instead of canvas, a picture is painted.

7. (Mining) (a) A heap of dressed ore. (b) One of the districts divided by pillars of extra size, into which a mine is laid off in one system of extracting coal.

8. (Dressmaking)

Defn: A plain strip or band, as of velvet or plush, placed at intervals lengthwise on the skirt of a dress, for ornament.

9. A portion of a framed structure between adjacent posts or struts, as in a bridge truss. Panel game, a method of stealing money in a panel house. — Panel house, a house of prostitution in which the rooms have secret entrances to facilitate theft by accomplices of the inmates. — Panel saw, handsaw with fine teeth, — used for cutting out panels, etc. — Panel thief, one who robs in a panel house.

PANEL
Pan"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paneled or Panelled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Paneling or Panelling.]

Defn: To form in or with panels; as, to panel a wainscot. Paneled back (Arch.), the paneled work covering the window back. See Window back.

PANELATION
Pan`el*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act of impaneling a jury. [Obs.] [Written also panellation.] Wood.

PANELESS
Pane"less, a.

Defn: Without panes.
To patch his paneless window. Shenstone.

PANELING
Pan"el*ing, n.

Defn: A forming in panels; panelwork. [Written also panelling.]

PANELWORK
Pan"el*work`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: Wainscoting.

PANEULOGISM
Pan*eu"lo*gism, n. Etym: [See Pan-, Eulogy.]

Defn: Eulogy of everything; indiscriminate praise. [R.]
Her book has a trace of the cant of paneulogism. National Rev.

PANFUL
Pan"ful, n.; pl. Panfuls. Etym: [See 5th Pan.]

Defn: Enough to fill a pan.

PANG
Pang, n. Etym: [Prob. for older prange. Cf. Prong.]

Defn: A paroxysm of extreme pain or anguish; a sudden and transitory agony; a throe; as, the pangs of death.

Syn.
— Agony; anguish; distress. See Agony.

PANG
Pang, v. t.

Defn: To torture; to cause to have great pain or suffering; to torment. [R.] Shak.

PANGENESIS
Pan*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Pan- + genesis.] (Biol.)

Defn: An hypothesis advanced by Darwin in explanation of heredity.

Note: The theory rests on the assumption, that the whole organization, in the sense of every separate atom or unit, reproduces itself, the cells throwing off minute granules called gemmules, which circulate freely throughout the system and multiply by subdivision. These gemmules collect in the reproductive organs and products, or in buds, so that the egg or bud contains gemmules from all parts of the parent or parents, which in development give rise to cells in the offspring similar to those from which they were given off in the parent. The hypothesis also assumes that these gemmules need not in all cases develop into cells, but may lie dormant, and be transmitted from generation to generation without producing a noticeable effect until a case of atavism occurs.

PANGENETIC
Pan`ge*net"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to pangenesis.

PANGFUL
Pang"ful, a.

Defn: Full of pangs. Richardson.

PANGLESS
Pang"less, a.

Defn: Without a pang; painless. Byron.

PANGOLIN
Pan"go*lin, n. Etym: [Malay pang.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of Manis, Pholidotus, and related genera, found in Africa and Asia. They are covered with imbricated scales, and feed upon ants. Called also scaly ant-eater.

PANGOTHIC
Pan*goth"ic, a. Etym: [Pan- + Gothic.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or including, all the Gothic races.
"Ancestral Pangothic stock." Earle.

PANHANDLE
Pan"han`dle, n.

Defn: The handle of a pan; hence, fig., any arm or projection suggestive of the handle of a pan; as, the panhandle of West Virginia, Texas, or Idaho.

PANHANDLE STATE
Panhandle State.

Defn: West Virginia; — a nickname.

PANHELLENIC
Pan`hel*len"ic, a. Etym: [See Panhellenium.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to all Greece, or to Panhellenism; including all Greece, or all the Greeks.

PANHELLENISM
Pan*hel"len*ism, n.

Defn: A scheme to unite all the Greeks in one political body.

PANHELLENIST
Pan*hel"len*ist, n.

Defn: An advocate of Panhellenism.

PANHELLENIUM
Pan`hel*le"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: An assembly or association of Greeks from all the states of
Greece.

PANIC
Pan"ic, n. Etym: [L. panicum.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Panicum; panic grass; also, the edible grain of some species of panic grass. Panic grass (Bot.), any grass of the genus Panicum.

PANIC
Pan"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. panique.]

Defn: Extreme or sudden and causeless; unreasonable; — said of fear or fright; as, panic fear, terror, alarm. "A panic fright." Dryden.

PANIC
Pan"ic, n. Etym: [Gr. panigue. See Panic, a.]

1. A sudden, overpowering fright; esp., a sudden and groundless fright; terror inspired by a trifling cause or a misapprehension of danger; as, the troops were seized with a panic; they fled in a panic.

2. By extension: A sudden widespread fright or apprehension concerning financial affairs.

PANICAL
Pan"ic*al, a.

Defn: See Panic, a. [Obs.] Camden.

PANICLE Pan"i*cle, n. Etym: [L. panicula a tuft on plants, dim. of panus the thread wound upon the bobbin in a shuttle; cf. Gr. pane: cf. F. panicule. See 2d Pane.] (Bot.)

Defn: A pyramidal form of inflorescence, in which the cluster is loosely branched below and gradually simpler toward the end.

PANICLED
Pan"i*cled, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Furnished with panicles; arranged in, or like, panicles; paniculate.

PANIC-STRICKEN; PANIC-STRUCK
Pan"ic-strick`en, Pan"ic-struck`, a.

Defn: Struck with a panic, or sudden fear. Burke.

PANICULATE; PANICULATED
Pa*nic"u*late, Pa*nic"u*la`ted, a. Etym: [See Panicle.] (Bot)

Defn: Same as Panicled.

PANICUM
Pan"i*cum, n. Etym: [L., panic grass.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of grasses, including several hundred species, some of which are valuable; panic grass.

PANIDIOMORPHIC
Pan*id`i*o*mor"phic, a. Etym: [Pan- + idiomorphic.] (Geol.)

Defn: Having a completely idiomorphic structure; — said of certain rocks.

PANIER
Pan"ier, n.

Defn: See Pannier, 3. [Obs.]

PANIFICATION Pan`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. panis bread + -ficare (in comp.) to make: cf. F. panification.]

Defn: The act or process of making bread. Ure.

PANIM
Pa"nim, n.

Defn: See Painim. [Obs.] Milton.

PANISLAMISM
Pan*is"lam*ism, n. Etym: [Pan- + Islamism.]

Defn: A desire or plan for the union of all Mohammedan nations for the conquest of the world.

PANIVOROUS
Pa*niv"o*rous, a. Etym: [L. panis bread + vorare to devour.]

Defn: Eating bread; subsisting on bread.

PANNADE
Pan*nade", n.

Defn: The curvet of a horse.

PANNAGE Pan"nage, n. Etym: [OF. pasnage, LL. pasnadium, pastinaticum, fr. pastionare to feed on mast, as swine, fr. L. pastio a pasturing, grazing. See Pastor.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) The food of swine in the woods, as beechnuts, acorns, etc.; — called also pawns. (b) A tax paid for the privilege of feeding swine in the woods.

PANNARY
Pan"na*ry, a.

Defn: See Panary. Loudon.

PANNE
Panne, n. [F.]

Defn: A fabric resembling velvet, but having the nap flat and less close.

PANNEL
Pan"nel, n. Etym: [See Panel.]

1. A kind of rustic saddle. Tusser.

2. (Falconry)

Defn: The stomach of a hawk. Ainsworth.

3. (Mil.)

Defn: A carriage for conveying a mortar and its bed, on a march.
Farrow.

PANNIER Pan"nier, n. Etym: [F. panier, fr. L. panarium a bread basket, fr. panis bread. Cf. Pantry.]

1. A bread basket; also, a wicker basket (used commonly in pairs) for carrying fruit or other things on a horse or an ass Hudibras.

2. (Mil. Antiq.)

Defn: A shield of basket work formerly used by archers as a shelter from the enemy's missiles.

3. A table waiter at the Inns of Court, London.

4. A framework of steel or whalebone, worn by women to expand their dresses; a kind of bustle.

PANNIERED
Pan"niered, a.

Defn: Bearing panniers. Wordsworth.

PANNIKEL
Pan"ni*kel, n. Etym: [See Pan a dish.]

Defn: The brainpan, or skull; hence, the crest. [Obs.] Spenser.

PANNIKIN
Pan"ni*kin, n. Etym: [Dim. of pan a dish.]

Defn: A small pan or cup. Marryat. Thackeray.

PANNOSE
Pan"nose`, a. Etym: [See Pannus.] (Bot.)

Defn: Similar in texture or appearance to felt or woolen cloth.

PANNUS
Pan"nus, n. Etym: [L., cloth. See 2d Pane.] (Med.)

Defn: A very vascular superficial opacity of the cornea, usually caused by granulation of the eyelids. Foster.

PANOISTIC
Pan`o*is"tic, a. Etym: [Pan- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Producing ova only; — said of the ovaries of certain insects which do not produce vitelligenous cells.

PANOMPHEAN
Pan`om*phe"an, a. Etym: [L. panomphaeus, Gr.

Defn: Uttering ominous or prophetic voices; divining. [R.]
We want no half gods, panomphean Joves. Mrs. Browning.

PANOPLIED
Pan"o*plied, a.

Defn: Dressed in panoply.

PANOPLY
Pan"o*ply, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Defensive armor in general; a full suit of defensive armor.
Milton.
We had need to take the Christian panoply, to put on the whole armor
of God. Ray.

PANOPTICON
Pa*nop"ti*con, n. Etym: [NL. See Pan-, and Optic.]

1. A prison so contructed that the inspector can see each of the prisoners at all times, without being seen.

2. A room for the exhibition of novelties.

PANORAMA
Pan`o*ra"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Pan-, and Wary.]

1. A complete view in every direction.

2. A picture presenting a view of objects in every direction, as from a central point.

3. A picture representing scenes too extended to be beheld at once, and so exhibited a part at a time, by being unrolled, and made to pass continuously before the spectator.

PANORAMIC; PANORAMICAL
Pan`o*ram"ic, Pan`o*ram"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or like, a panorama. Panoramic camera. See under Camera.

PANORPIAN
Pa*nor"pi*an, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like, or pertaining to, the genus Panorpa.
— n.

Defn: Same as Panorpid.

PANORPID
Pa*nor"pid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any neuropterous insect of the genus Panorpa, and allied genera. The larvæ feed on plant lice.

PANPHARMACON
Pan*phar"ma*con, n. Etym: [NL. See Pan-, and Pharmacon.]

Defn: A medicine for all diseases; a panacea. [R.]

PANPRESBYTERIAN
Pan`pres`by*te"ri*an, a. Etym: [Pan- + Presbyterian.]

Defn: Belonging to, or representative of, those who hold Presbyterian views in all parts of the world; as, a Panpresbyterian council.

PANPSYCHISM
Pan*psy"chism, n. [See Pan-; Psychic.]

Defn: The theory that all nature is psychical or has a psychical aspect; the theory that every particle of matter has a psychical character or aspect. — Pan*psy"chic (#), a. — Pan*psy"chist (#), n. — Pan`psy*chis"tic (#), a.

Fechner affords a conspicuous instance of the idealistic tendency to mysterize nature in his panpsychicism, or that form of noumenal idealism which holds that the universe is a vast communion of spirits, souls of men, of animals, of plants, of earth and other planets, of the sun, all embraced as different members in the soul of the world. Encyc. Brit.

PANSCLAVIC; PANSCLAVISM; PANSCLAVIST; PANSCLAVONIAN
Pan`sclav"ic, Pan`sclav"ism, Pan`sclav"ist, Pan`scla*vo"ni*an.

Defn: See Panslavic, Panslavism, etc.

PANSHON
Pan"shon, n.

Defn: An earthen vessel wider at the top than at the bottom, — used for holding milk and for various other purposes. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

PANSIED
Pan"sied, a. Etym: [From Pansy.]

Defn: Covered or adorned with pansies. "The pansied grounds." Darwin.

PANSLAVIC
Pan`slav"ic, a. Etym: [Pan- + Slavic.]

Defn: Pertaining to all the Slavic races.

PANSLAVISM
Pan`slav"ism, n.

Defn: A scheme or desire to unite all the Slavic races into one confederacy.

PANSLAVIST
Pan`slav"ist, n.

Defn: One who favors Panslavism.

PANSLAVONIAN
Pan`sla*vo"ni*an, a.

Defn: See Panslavic.

PANSOPHICAL
Pan*soph"ic*al, a. Etym: [See Pansophy.]

Defn: All-wise; claiming universal knowledge; as, pansophical pretenders. [R.] John Worthington.

PANSOPHY
Pan"so*phy, n. Etym: [Pan- + Gr. pansophie.]

Defn: Universal wisdom; esp., a system of universal knowledge proposed by Comenius (1592 — 1671), a Moravian educator. [R.] Hartlib.

PANSPERMATIST; PANSPERMIST
Pan*sper"ma*tist, Pan"sper`mist, n. (Biol.)

Defn: A believer in panspermy; one who rejects the theory of spontaneous generation; a biogenist.

PANSPERMIC
Pan`sper"mic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to panspermy; as, the panspermic hypothesis.

PANSPERMY Pan"sper`my, n. Etym: [Pan- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The doctrine of the widespread distribution of germs, from which under favorable circumstances bacteria, vibrios, etc., may develop. (b) The doctrine that all organisms must come from living parents; biogenesis; — the opposite of Ant: spontaneous generation.

PANSTEREORAMA
Pan*ste`re*o*ra"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: A model of a town or country, in relief, executed in wood, cork, pasteboard, or the like. Brande & C.

PANSY Pan"sy, n.; pl. Pansies. Etym: [F. Pensée thought, pansy, fr. penser to think, L. pensare to weigh, ponder. See Pensive.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Viola (V. tricolor) and its blossom, originally purple and yellow. Cultivated varieties have very large flowers of a great diversity of colors. Called also heart's-ease, love-in-idleness, and many other quaint names.

PANT
Pant, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Panted; p. pr. & vb. n. Panting.] Etym:
[Cf. F. panteler to gasp for breath, OF. panteisier to be breathless,
F. pantois out of breath; perh. akin to E. phantom, the verb prob.
orig. meaning, to have the nightmare.]

1. To breathe quickly or in a labored manner, as after exertion or from eagerness or excitement; to respire with heaving of the breast; to gasp. Pluto plants for breath from out his cell. Dryden.

2. Hence: To long eagerly; to desire earnestly. As the hart panteth after the water brooks. Ps. xlii. 1. Who pants for glory finds but short repose. Pope.

3. To beat with unnatural violence or rapidity; to palpitate, or throb; — said of the heart. Spenser.

4. To sigh; to flutter; to languish. [Poetic] The whispering breeze Pants on the leaves, and dies upon the trees. Pope.

PANT
Pant, v. t.

1. To breathe forth quickly or in a labored manner; to gasp out. There is a cavern where my spirit Was panted forth in anguish. Shelley.

2. To long for; to be eager after. [R.] Then shall our hearts pant thee. Herbert.

PANT
Pant, n.

1. A quick breathing; a catching of the breath; a gasp. Drayton.

2. A violent palpitation of the heart. Shak.

PANTA-
Pan"ta-.

Defn: See Pan-.

PANTABLE
Pan"ta*ble

Defn: , n. See Pantofle. [Obs.]

PANTACOSM
Pan"ta*cosm, n. Etym: [Panta- + Gr.

Defn: See Cosmolabe.

PANTAGRAPH
Pan"ta*graph, n.

Defn: See Pantograph.

PANTAGRUELISM Pan*tag"ru*el*ism, n. Etym: [From Pantagruel, one of the characters of Rabelais.]

1. The theory or practice of the medical profession; — used in burlesque or ridicule.

2. An assumption of buffoonery to cover some serious purpose. [R.] Donaldson.

PANTALET
Pan`ta*let", n. Etym: [Dim. of pantal.]

Defn: One of the legs of the loose drawers worn by children and women; particularly, the lower part of such a garment, coming below the knee, often made in a separate piece; — chiefly in the plural.

PANTALOON Pan`ta*loon", n. Etym: [F. pantalon, fr. It. pantalone, a masked character in the Italian comedy, who wore breeches and stockings that were all of one piece, from Pantaleone, the patron saint of Venice, which, as a baptismal name, is very frequent among the Venetians, and is applied to them by the other Italians as a nickname, fr. Gr.

1. Aridiculous character, or an old dotard, in the Italian comedy; also, a buffoon in pantomimes. Addison. The sixth age shifts Into the lean and slippered pantaloon. Shak.

2. pl.

Defn: A bifurcated garment for a man, covering the body from the waist downwards, and consisting of breeches and stockings in one.

3. pl.

Defn: In recent times, same as Trousers.

PANTALOONERY
Pan`ta*loon"er*y, n.

1. The character or performances of a pantaloon; buffoonery. [R.] Lamb.

2. Materials for pantaloons.

PANTAMORPH
Pan"ta*morph, n.

Defn: That which assumes, or exists in, all forms.

PANTAMORPHIC
Pan`ta*mor"phic, a. Etym: [Panta- + Gr.

Defn: Taking all forms.

PANTASCOPE
Pan"ta*scope, n. Etym: [Panta- + -scope.] (Photog.)

Defn: A pantascopic camera.

PANTASCOPIC
Pan`ta*scop"ic, a.

Defn: Viewing all; taking a view of the whole. See under Camera.

PANTASTOMATA
Pan`ta*stom"a*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the divisions of Flagellata, including the monads and allied forms.

PANTECHNICON
Pan*tech"ni*con, n. Etym: [NL. See Pan-, and Technic.]

Defn: A depository or place where all sorts of manufactured articles are collected for sale.

PANTELEGRAPH
Pan*tel"e*graph, n. Etym: [Pan- + telegraph.]

Defn: See under Telegraph.

PANTER
Pant"er, n.

Defn: One who pants. Congreve.

PANTER
Pan"ter, n.Etym: [F. panetier. See Pantry.]

Defn: A keeper of the pantry; a pantler. [Obs.] Tyndale.

PANTER
Pan"ter, n. Etym: [See Painter a rope.]

Defn: A net; a noose. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PANTEUTONIC
Pan`teu*ton"ic, a. Etym: [Pan- + Teutonic.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to all the Teutonic races.

PANTHEISM
Pan"the*ism, n. Etym: [Pan- + theism.]

Defn: The doctrine that the universe, taken or conceived of as a whole, is God; the doctrine that there is no God but the combined force and laws which are manifested in the existing universe; cosmotheism.

PANTHEIST
Pan"the*ist, n.

Defn: One who holds to pantheism.

PANTHEISTIC; PANTHEISTICAL
Pan`the*is"tic, Pan`the*is"tic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pantheism; founded in, or leading to,
pantheism.
— Pan`the*is"tic*al*ly, adv.

PANTHEOLOGIST
Pan`the*ol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in pantheology.

PANTHEOLOGY
Pan`the*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Pan- + theology.]

Defn: A system of theology embracing all religions; a complete system of theology.

PANTHEON Pan*the"on, n. Etym: [L. pantheon, pantheum, Gr. panthéon. See Pan-, and Theism.]

1. A temple dedicated to all the gods; especially, the building so called at Rome.

2. The collective gods of a people, or a work treating of them; as, a divinity of the Greek pantheon.

PANTHER Pan"ther, n. Etym: [OE. pantere, F. panthère, L. panthera, Gr. pundrika a tiger.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large dark-colored variety of the leopard, by some zoölogists considered a distinct species. It is marked with large ringlike spots, the centers of which are darker than the color of the body.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: In America, the name is applied to the puma, or cougar, and sometimes to the jaguar. Panther cat (Zoöl.), the ocelot. — Panther cowry (Zoöl.), a spotted East Indian cowry (Cypræa pantherina); — so called from its color.

PANTHERESS
Pan"ther*ess, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A female panther.

PANTHERINE
Pan"ther*ine, a.

Defn: Like a panther, esp. in color; as, the pantherine snake (Ptyas mucosus) of Brazil.

PANTILE
Pan"tile`, n. Etym: [5th pan + tile.] (Arch.)

Defn: A roofing tile, of peculiar form, having a transverse section resembling an elongated S laid on its side (

PANTINGLY
Pant"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With palpitation or rapid breathing. Shak.

PANTISOCRACY
Pan`ti*soc"ra*cy, n. Etym: [Panto- + Gr.

Defn: A Utopian community, in which all should rule equally, such as was devised by Coleridge, Lovell, and Southey, in their younger days.

PANTISOCRAT
Pan*tis"o*crat, n.

Defn: A pantisocratist.

PANTISOCRATIC
Pan`ti*so*crat"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pantisocracy.

PANTISOCRATIST
Pan`ti*soc"ra*tist, n.

Defn: One who favors or supports the theory of a pantisocracy.
Macaulay.

PANTLER
Pan"tler, n. Etym: [F. panetier. See Panter, Pantry.]

Defn: The servant or officer, in a great family, who has charge of the bread and the pantry. [Obs.] Shak.

PANTO-
Pan"to-.

Defn: See Pan-.

PANTOCHRONOMETER
Pan`to*chro*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Panto- + chronometer.]

Defn: An instrument combining a compass, sundial, and universal time dial. Brande & C.

PANTOFLE
Pan*to"fle, n. Etym: [F. pantoufle.]

Defn: A slipper for the foot. [Written also pantable and pantoble.]

PANTOGRAPH
Pan"to*graph, n. Etym: [Panto- + -graph: cf. F. pantographe.]

Defn: An instrument for copying plans, maps, and other drawings, on the same, or on a reduced or an enlarged, scale. [Written also pantagraph, and incorrectly pentagraph.] Skew pantograph, a kind of pantograph for drawing a copy which is inclined with respect to the original figure; — also called plagiograph.

PANTOGRAPHIC; PANTOGRAPHICAL Pan`to*graph"ic, Pan`to*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pantographique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pantograph; relating to pantography.

PANTOGRAPHY
Pan*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pantographie.]

Defn: A general description; entire view of an object.

PANTOLOGICAL
Pan`to*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pantology.

PANTOLOGIST
Pan*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in pantology; a writer of pantology.

PANTOLOGY
Pan*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Panto- + -logy.]

Defn: A systematic view of all branches of human knowledge; a work of universal information.

PANTOMETER
Pan*tom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Panto- + -meter: cf. F. pantomètre.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring angles for determining elevations, distances, etc.

PANTOMETRY
Pan*tom"e*try, n.

Defn: Universal measurement. [R.] — Pan`to*met"ric, a. [R.]

PANTOMIME
Pan"to*mime, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. pantomimus, Gr. pantomimo. See
Mimic.]

1. A universal mimic; an actor who assumes many parts; also, any actor. [Obs.]

2. One who acts his part by gesticulation or dumb show only, without speaking; a pantomimist. [He] saw a pantomime perform so well that he could follow the performance from the action alone. Tylor.

3. A dramatic representation by actors who use only dumb show; hence, dumb show, generally.

4. A dramatic and spectacular entertainment of which dumb acting as well as burlesque dialogue, music, and dancing by Clown, Harlequin, etc., are features.

PANTOMIME
Pan"to*mime, a.

Defn: Representing only in mute actions; pantomimic; as, a pantomime dance.

PANTOMIMIC; PANTOMIMICAL
Pan`to*mim"ic, Pan`to*mim"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pantomimique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pantomime; representing by dumb show.
"Pantomimic gesture." Bp. Warburton.
— Pan`to*mim"ic*al*ly, adv.

PANTOMIMIST
Pan"to*mi`mist, n.

Defn: An actor in pantomime; also, a composer of pantomimes.

PANTON
Pan"ton, n. Etym: [F. patin. See Patten.] (Far.)

Defn: A horseshoe to correct a narrow, hoofbound heel.

PANTOPHAGIST
Pan*toph"a*gist, n. Etym: [See Pantophagous.]

Defn: A person or an animal that has the habit of eating all kinds of food.

PANTOPHAGOUS
Pan*toph"a*gous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Eating all kinds of food.

PANTOPHAGY
Pan*toph"a*gy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The habit or power of eating all kinds of food.

PANTOPODA
Pan*top"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Panto-, & -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pycnogonida.

PANTOSCOPIC
Pan`to*scop"ic, a. Etym: [Panto- + -scope + -ic.]

Defn: Literally, seeing everything; — a term applied to eyeglasses or spectacles divided into two segments, the upper being designed for distant vision, the lower for vision of near objects.

PANTRY
Pan"try, n.; pl. Pantries. Etym: [OE. pantrie, F. paneterie, fr.
panetier pantler, LL. panetarius baker, panetus small loaf of bread,
L. panis bread. Cf. Company, Pannier, Pantler.]

Defn: An apartment or closet in which bread and other provisions are kept.

PANURGIC
Pan*ur"gic, a. Etym: [Cf. Gr.

Defn: Skilled in all kinds of work. "The panurgic Diderot." J.
Morley.

PANURGY
Pan"ur*gy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Skill in all kinds of work or business; craft. [R.] Bailey.

PANYARD
Pan"yard, n.

Defn: See Pannier. [Obs.] Pepys.

PANYM
Pa"nym, n. & a.

Defn: See Panim. [Obs.]

PANZOISM
Pan*zo"ism, n. Etym: [Pan- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: A term used to denote all of the elements or factors which constitute vitality or vital energy. H. Spencer.

PAOLO
Pa"o*lo, n. Etym: [It. Cf. Paul.]

Defn: An old Italian silver coin, worth about ten cents.

PAP
Pap, n. Etym: [Cf. OSw. papp. Cf. Pap soft food.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A nipple; a mammilla; a teat. Dryden.
The paps which thou hast sucked. Luke xi. 27.

2. A rounded, nipplelike hill or peak; anything resembling a nipple in shape; a mamelon. Macaulay.

PAP Pap, n. Etym: [Cf. D. pap, G. pappe, both perh. fr. L. papa, pappa, the word with which infants call for food: cf. It. pappa.]

1. A soft food for infants, made of bread boiled or softtened in milk or water.

2. Nourishment or support from official patronage; as, treasury pap. [Colloq. & Contemptuous]

3. The pulp of fruit. Ainsworth.

PAP
Pap, v. t.

Defn: To feed with pap. Beau. & Fl.

PAPA
Pa*pa", n. Etym: [F. papa, L. papa; cf. Gr. Pope.]

1. A child's word for father.

2. A parish priest in the Greek Church. Shipley.

PAPABOTE
Pa`pa*bo"te, n. Etym: [Probably of Creole origin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The upland plover. [Local, U. S.]

PAPACY
Pa"pa*cy, n. Etym: [LL. papatia, fr. L. papa a father, bishop. See
Pope.]

1. The office and dignity of the pope, or pontiff, of Rome; papal jurisdiction.

2. The popes, collectively; the succession of popes.

3. The Roman Catholic religion; — commonly used by the opponents of the Roman Catholics in disparagement or in an opprobrious sense.

PAPAGAY
Pap"a*gay, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Popinjay, 1 (b).

PAPAIN
Pa*pa"in, n. Etym: [From Papaw.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A proteolytic ferment, like trypsin, present in the juice of the green fruit of the papaw (Carica Papaya) of tropical America.

PAPAL
Pa"pal, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. papa bishop. See Papacy.]

1. Of or pertaining to the pope of Rome; proceeding from the pope; ordered or pronounced by the pope; as, papal jurisdiction; a papal edict; the papal benediction. Milman.

2. Of or pertaining to the Roman Catholic Church. "Papal Christians." Bp. Burnet. Papal cross. See Illust. 3 of Cross. — Papal crown, the tiara.

PAPALIST
Pa"pal*ist, n.

Defn: A papist. [Obs.] Baxter.

PAPALITY
Pa*pal"i*ty, n. Etym: [LL. papalitas: cf. F. papauté.]

Defn: The papacy. [Obs.] Ld. Berners. Milton.

PAPALIZE
Pa"pal*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make papal. [R.]

PAPALIZE
Pa"pal*ize, v. i.

Defn: To conform to popery. Cowper.

PAPALLY
Pa"pal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a papal manner; popishly

PAPALTY
Pa"pal*ty, n.

Defn: The papacy. [Obs.] Milton.

PAPAPHOBIA
Pa`pa*pho"bi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. papa bishop + Gr.

Defn: Intense fear or dread of the pope, or of the Roman Catholic
Church. [R.]

PAPARCHY
Pa"par*chy, n. Etym: [L. papa bishop + -archy.]

Defn: Government by a pope; papal rule.

PAPAVER
Pa*pa"ver, n. Etym: [L., poppy.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants, including the poppy.

PAPAVERACEOUS
Pa*pav`er*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants (Papaveraceæ) of which the poppy, the celandine, and the bloodroot are well-known examples.

PAPAVERINE
Pa*pav"er*ine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid found in opium. It has a weaker therapeutic action than morphine.

PAPAVEROUS
Pa*pav"er*ous, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the poppy; of the nature of the poppy. Sir
T. Browne.

PAPAW
Pa*paw", n. Etym: [Prob. from the native name in the West Indies; cf.
Sp. papayo papaw, papaya the fruit of the papaw.] [Written also
pawpaw.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A tree (Carica Papaya) of tropical America, belonging to the order Passifloreæ. It has a soft, spongy stem, eighteen or twenty feet high, crowned with a tuft of large, long-stalked, palmately lobed leaves. The milky juice of the plant is said to have the property of making meat tender. Also, its dull orange-colored, melon- shaped fruit, which is eaten both raw and cooked or pickled.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A tree of the genus Asimina (A. triloba), growing in the western and southern parts of the United States, and producing a sweet edible fruit; also, the fruit itself. Gray.

PAPBOAT
Pap"boat`, n.

1. A kind of sauce boat or dish.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large spiral East Indian marine shell (Turbinella rapha); — so called because used by native priests to hold the oil for anointing.

PAPE
Pape, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pape, fr. L. papa. See Pope.]

Defn: A spiritual father; specifically, the pope. [Obs.]

PAPEJAY
Pa"pe*jay, n.

Defn: A popinjay. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PAPER
Pa"per, n. Etym: [F. papier, fr. L. papyrus papyrus, from which the
Egyptians made a kind of paper, Gr. Papyrus.]

1. A substance in the form of thin sheets or leaves intended to be written or printed on, or to be used in wrapping. It is made of rags, straw, bark, wood, or other fibrous material, which is first reduced to pulp, then molded, pressed, and dried.

2. A sheet, leaf, or piece of such substance.

3. A printed or written instrument; a document, essay, or the like; a writing; as, a paper read before a scientific society. They brought a paper to me to be signed. Dryden.

4. A printed sheet appearing periodically; a newspaper; a journal; as, a daily paper.

5. Negotiable evidences of indebtedness; notes; bills of exchange, and the like; as, the bank holds a large amount of his paper.

6. Decorated hangings or coverings for walls, made of paper. See Paper hangings, below.

7. A paper containing (usually) a definite quantity; as, a paper of pins, tacks, opium, etc.

8. A medicinal preparation spread upon paper, intended for external application; as, cantharides paper.

Note: Paper is manufactured in sheets, the trade names of which, together with the regular sizes in inches, are shown in the following table. But paper makers vary the size somewhat.

Note: In the manufacture of books, etc., a sheet, of whatever size originally, is termed, when folded once, a folio; folded twice, a quarto, or 4to; three times, an octavo, or 8vo; four times, a sextodecimo, or 16mo; five times, a 32mo; three times, with an offcut folded twice and set in, a duodecimo, or 12mo; four times, with an offcut folded three times and set in, a 24mo.

Note: Paper is often used adjectively or in combination, having
commonly an obvious signification; as, paper cutter or paper-cutter;
paper knife, paper-knife, or paperknife; paper maker, paper-maker, or
papermaker; paper mill or paper-mill; paper weight, paper-weight, or
paperweight, etc. Business paper, checks, notes, drafts, etc., given
in payment of actual indebtedness; — opposed to accommodation paper.
— Fly paper, paper covered with a sticky preparation, — used for
catching flies.
— Laid paper. See under Laid.
— Paper birch (Bot.), the canoe birch tree (Betula papyracea).
— Paper blockade, an ineffective blockade, as by a weak naval
force.
— Paper boat (Naut.), a boat made of water-proof paper.
— Paper car wheel (Railroad), a car wheel having a steel tire, and
a center formed of compressed paper held between two plate-iron
disks. Forney.
— Paper credit, credit founded upon evidences of debt, such as
promissory notes, duebills, etc.
— Paper hanger, one who covers walls with paper hangings.
— Paper hangings, paper printed with colored figures, or otherwise
made ornamental, prepared to be pasted against the walls of
apartments, etc.; wall paper.
— Paper house, an audience composed of people who have come in on
free passes. [Cant] — Paper money, notes or bills, usually issued by
government or by a banking corporation, promising payment of money,
and circulated as the representative of coin.
— Paper mulberry. (Bot.) See under Mulberry.
— Paper muslin, glazed muslin, used for linings, etc.
— Paper nautilus. (Zoöl.) See Argonauta.
— Paper reed (Bot.), the papyrus.
— Paper sailor. (Zoöl.) See Argonauta.
— Paper stainer, one who colors or stamps wall paper. De Colange.
— Paper wasp (Zoöl.), any wasp which makes a nest of paperlike
material, as the yellow jacket.
— Paper weight, any object used as a weight to prevent loose papers
from being displaced by wind, or otherwise.
— Parchment paper. See Papyrine.
— Tissue paper, thin, gauzelike paper, such as is used to protect
engravings in books.
— Wall paper. Same as Paper hangings, above.
— Waste paper, paper thrown aside as worthless or useless, except
for uses of little account.
— Wove paper, a writing paper with a uniform surface, not ribbed or
watermarked.

PAPER
Pa"per, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to paper; made of paper; resembling paper; existing only on paper; unsubstantial; as, a paper box; a paper army.

PAPER
Pa"per, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Papered; p. pr. & vb. n. Papering.]

1. To cover with paper; to furnish with paper hangings; as, to paper a room or a house.

2. To fold or inclose in paper.

3. To put on paper; to make a memorandum of. [Obs.]

PAPERWEIGHT
Pa"per*weight`, n.

Defn: See under Paper, n.

PAPERY
Pa"per*y, a.

Defn: Like paper; having the thinness or consistence of paper. Gray.

PAPESCENT
Pa*pes"cent, a. Etym: [From Pap soft food.]

Defn: Containing or producing pap; like pap. [R.] Arbuthnot.

PAPESS
Pa"pess, n. Etym: [F. papesse.]

Defn: A female pope; i. e., the fictitious pope Joan. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.

PAPETERIE
Pa`pe*terie", n. Etym: [F., paper manufacture, fr. papier paper.]

Defn: A case or box containing paper and materials for writing.

PAPHIAN
Pa"phi*an, a. Etym: [L. Paphius, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Paphos, an ancient city of Cyprus, having a celebrated temple of Venus; hence, pertaining to Venus, or her rites.

PAPHIAN
Pa"phi*an

Defn: , n. A native or inhabitant of Paphos.

PAPIER-MACHE Pa`pier"-ma`ché", n. Etym: [F. papier mâché, lit., chewed or mashed paper.]

Defn: A hard and strong substance made of a pulp from paper, mixed with sise or glue, etc. It is formed into various articles, usually by means of molds.

PAPILIO
Pa*pil"i*o, n. Etym: [L., a butterfly.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of butterflies.

Note: Formerly it included numerous species which are now placed in other genera. By many writers it is now restricted to the swallow- tailed butterflies, like Papilio polyxenes, or asterias, and related species.

PAPILIONACEOUS
Pa*pil`io*na"ceous, a.

1. Resembling the butterfly.

2. (Bot.) (a) Having a winged corolla somewhat resembling a butterfly, as in the blossoms of the bean and pea. (b) Belonging to that suborder of leguminous plants (Papilionaceæ) which includes the bean, pea, vetch, clover, and locust.

PAPILIONES
Pa*pil`i*o"nes, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Papilio.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The division of Lepidoptera which includes the butterflies.

PAPILIONIDES
Pa*pil`i*on"i*des, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The typical butterflies.

PAPILLA
Pa*pil"la, n.; pl. Papillæ. Etym: [L., a nipple, pimple.]

Defn: Any minute nipplelike projection; as, the papillæ of the tongue.

PAPILLAR
Pap"il*lar, a. Etym: [Cf. F. papillaire.]

Defn: Same as Papillose.

PAPILLARY
Pap"il*la*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. papillaire.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a papilla or papillæ; bearing, or covered with, papillæ; papillose.

PAPILLATE
Pap"il*late, v. t. & i.

Defn: To cover with papillæ; to take the form of a papilla, or of papillæ.

PAPILLATE
Pap"il*late, a.

Defn: Same as Papillose.

PAPILLIFORM
Pa*pil"li*form, a. Etym: [Papilla + -form.]

Defn: Shaped like a papilla; mammilliform.

PAPILLOMA
Pap`il*lo"ma, n.; pl. Papillomata. Etym: [NL. See Papilla, and -Oma.]
(Med.)

Defn: A tumor formed by hypertrophy of the papillæ of the skin or mucous membrane, as a corn or a wart. Quain.

PAPILLOMATOUS
Pap`il*lo"ma*tous, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or consisting of, papillomata.

PAPILLOSE
Pap"il*lose`, a. Etym: [Cf. F. papilleux.]

Defn: Covered with, or bearing, papillæ; resembling papillæ; papillate; papillar; papillary.

PAPILLOTE
Pap"il*lote, n. Etym: [F., fr. papillon a butterfly.]

Defn: a small piece of paper on which women roll up their hair to make it curl; a curl paper.

PAPILLOUS
Pap"il*lous, a.

Defn: Papillary; papillose.

PAPILLULATE
Pa*pil"lu*late, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a minute papilla in the center of a larger elevation or depression.

PAPION
Pa"pi*on, n. Etym: [Prob. from native name: cf. Sp. papion.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A West African baboon (Cynocephalus sphinx), allied to the chacma. Its color is generally chestnut, varying in tint.

PAPISM
Pa"pism, n. Etym: [F. papisme. See Pape, Pope.]

Defn: Popery; — an offensive term. Milton.

PAPIST
Pa"pist, n. Etym: [F. papiste. See Pape, Pope.]

Defn: A Roman catholic; one who adheres to the Church of Rome and the authority of the pope; — an offensive designation applied to Roman Catholics by their opponents.

PAPISTIC; PAPISTICAL
Pa*pis"tic, Pa*pis"tic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. papistique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Church of Rome and its doctrines and ceremonies; pertaining to popery; popish; — used disparagingly. "The old papistic worship." T. Warton. — Pa*pis"tic*al*ly, adv.

PAPISTRY
Pa"pist*ry, n.

Defn: The doctrine and ceremonies of the Church of Rome; popery. [R.]
Whitgift.

PAPIZED
Pa"pized, a. Etym: [From Pape.]

Defn: Conformed to popery. [Obs.] "Papized writers." Fuller.

PAPOOSE
Pa*poose", n.

Defn: A babe or young child of Indian parentage in North America.

PAPPIFORM
Pap"pi*form, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Resembling the pappus of composite plants.

PAPPOOSE
Pap*poose", n.

Defn: Same as Papoose. Pappoose root. (Bot.) See Cohosh.

PAPPOSE
Pap*pose" a. (Bot.)

Defn: Furnished with a pappus; downy.

PAPPOUS
Pap"pous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Pappose.

PAPPUS Pap"pus, n. Etym: [L., an old man or grandfather; hence, a substance resembling gray hairs, Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The hairy or feathery appendage of the achenes of thistles, dandelions, and most other plants of the order Compositæ; also, the scales, awns, or bristles which represent the calyx in other plants of the same order.

PAPPY
Pap"py, a. Etym: [From Pap soft food.]

Defn: Like pap; soft; succulent; tender. Ray.

PAPRIKA; PAPRICA Pa"pri*ka, n. Also Pa"pri*ca. [Hung. paprika Turkish pepper; prob. through G.]

Defn: The dried ripened fruit of Capsicum annuum or various other species of pepper; also, the mildly pungent condiment prepared from it.

PAPUAN
Pap"u*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Papua.

PAPUARS
Pap"u*ars, n. pl.; sing. Papuan (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: The native black race of Papua or New Guinea, and the adjacent islands.

PAPULA
Pap"u*la, n.; pl. Papulæ. Etym: [L.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: A pimple; a small, usually conical, elevation of the cuticle, produced by congestion, accumulated secretion, or hypertrophy of tissue; a papule. Quain.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the numerous small hollow processes of the integument between the plates of starfishes.

PAPULAR
Pap"u*lar, a.

1. Covered with papules.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Consisting of papules; characterized by the presence of papules; as, a papular eruption.

PAPULE
Pap"ule, n.; pl. Papules (.

Defn: Same as Papula.

PAPULOSE
Pap"u*lose`, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Having papulæ; papillose; as, a papulose leaf.

PAPULOUS
Pap"u*lous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pap.]

Defn: Covered with, or characterized by, papulæ; papulose.

PAPYRACEOUS
Pap`y*ra"ceous, a. Etym: [L. papyraceus made of papyrus.]

Defn: Made of papyrus; of the consistency of paper; papery.

PAPYREAN
Pa*pyr"e*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to papyrus, or to paper; papyraceous.

PAPYRINE
Pap"y*rine, n. Etym: [Cf. F. papyrin made of paper. See Paper.]

Defn: Imitation parchment, made by soaking unsized paper in dilute sulphuric acid.

PAPYROGRAPH
Pa*pyr"o*graph, n. Etym: [Papyrus + -graph.]

Defn: An apparatus for multiplying writings, drawings, etc., in which a paper stencil, formed by writing or drawing with corrosive ink, is used. The word is also used of other means of multiplying copies of writings, drawings, etc. See Copygraph, Hectograph, Manifold.

PAPYROGRAPHY
Pap`y*rog"ra*phy, n.

Defn: The process of multiplying copies of writings, etc., by means
of the papyrograph.
— Pap`y*ro*graph"ic, a.

PAPYRUS
Pa*py"rus, n.; pl. Papyri. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Paper.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A tall rushlike plant (Cyperus Papyrus) of the Sedge family, formerly growing in Egypt, and now found in Abyssinia, Syria, Sicily, etc. The stem is triangular and about an inch thick.

2. The material upon which the ancient Egyptians wrote. It was formed by cutting the stem of the plant into thin longitudinal slices, which were gummed together and pressed.

3. A manuscript written on papyrus; esp., pl., written scrolls made of papyrus; as, the papyri of Egypt or Herculaneum.

PAQUE
Pâque, n. Etym: [F. pâque.]

Defn: See Pasch and Easter.

PAR
Par, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Parr.

PAR
Par, prep. Etym: [F., fr. L. per. See Per.]

Defn: By; with; — used frequently in Early English in phrases taken from the French, being sometimes written as a part of the word which it governs; as, par amour, or paramour; par cas, or parcase; par fay, or parfay.

PAR
Par, n. Etym: [L. par, adj., equal. See Peer an equal.]

1. Equal value; equality of nominal and actual value; the value expressed on the face or in the words of a certificate of value, as a bond or other commercial paper.

2. Equality of condition or circumstances. At par, at the original
price; neither at a discount nor at a premium.
— Above par, at a premium.
— Below par, at a discount.
— On a par, on a level; in the same condition, circumstances,
position, rank, etc.; as, their pretensions are on a par; his ability
is on a par with his ambition.
— Par of exchange. See under Exchange.
— Par value, nominal value; face value.

PARA-
Par"a-. Etym: [Gr. for- in forgive. Cf. For-.]

1. A prefix signifying alongside of, beside, beyond, against, amiss; as parable, literally, a placing beside; paradox, that which is contrary to opinion; parachronism.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A prefix denoting: (a) Likeness, similarity, or connection, or that the substance resembles, but is distinct from, that to the name of which it is prefixed; as paraldehyde, paraconine, etc.; also, an isomeric modification. (b) Specifically: (Organ. Chem.) That two groups or radicals substituted in the benzene nucleus are opposite, or in the respective positions 1 and 4; 2 and 5; or 3 and 6, as paraxylene; paroxybenzoic acid. Cf. Ortho-, and Meta-. Also used adjectively.

PARA
Pa*ra", n. Etym: [Turk., fr. Per. parah a piece.]

Defn: A piece of Turkish money, usually copper, the fortieth part of a piaster, or about one ninth of a cent.

PARA-ANAESTHESIA; PARA-ANESTHESIA
Par`a-an`æs*the"si*a, -an`es*the"si*a, n. [NL.; para- + anæsthesia.]
(Med.)

Defn: Anæsthesia of both sides of the lower half of the body.

PARABANIC
Par`a*ban"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous acid which is obtained by the oxidation of uric acid, as a white crystalline substance (C3N2H2O3); — also called oxalyl urea.

PARABLAST
Par"a*blast, n. Etym: [Cf. Gr. Para-, and -blast.] (Biol.)

Defn: A portion of the mesoblast (of peripheral origin) of the developing embryo, the cells of which are especially concerned in forming the first blood and blood vessels. C. S. Minot.

PARABLASTIC
Par`a*blas"tic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the parablast; as, the parablastic cells.

PARABLE
Par"a*ble, a. Etym: [L. parabilis, fr. parare to provide.]

Defn: Procurable. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

PARABLE
Par"a*ble, n. Etym: [F. parabole, L. parabola, fr. Gr. gal to drop.
Cf. Emblem, Gland, Palaver, Parabola, Parley, Parabole, Symbol.]

Defn: A comparison; a similitude; specifically, a short fictitious narrative of something which might really occur in life or nature, by means of which a moral is drawn; as, the parables of Christ. Chaucer. Declare unto us the parable of the tares. Matt. xiii. 36.

Syn.
— See Allegory, and Note under Apologue.

PARABLE
Par"a*ble, v. t.

Defn: To represent by parable. [R.]
Which by the ancient sages was thus parabled. Milton.

PARABOLA Pa*rab"o*la, n.; pl. Parabolas. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Parable, and cf. Parabole.] (Geom.) (a) A kind of curve; one of the conic sections formed by the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane parallel to one of its sides. It is a curve, any point of which is equally distant from a fixed point, called the focus, and a fixed straight line, called the directrix. See Focus. (b) One of a group of curves defined by the equation y = axn where n is a positive whole number or a positive fraction. For the cubical parabola n = 3; for the semicubical parabola n = Cubical, and Semicubical. The parabolas have infinite branches, but no rectilineal asymptotes.

PARABOLE
Pa*rab"o*le, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Parable.] (Rhet.)

Defn: Similitude; comparison.

PARABOLIC; PARABOLICAL
Par`a*bol"ic, Par`a*bol"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. parabolique. See
Parable.]

1. Of the nature of a parable; expressed by a parable or figure; allegorical; as, parabolical instruction.

2. Etym: [From Parabola.] (Geom.) (a) Having the form or nature of a parabola; pertaining to, or resembling, a parabola; as, a parabolic curve. (b) Generated by the revolution of a parabola, or by a line that moves on a parabola as a directing curve; as, a parabolic conoid. Parabolic conoid, a paraboloid; a conoid whose directing curve is a parabola. See Conoid. — Parabolic mirror (Opt.), a mirror having a paraboloidal surface which gives for parallel rays (as those from very distant objects) images free from aberration. It is used in reflecting telescopes. — Parabolic spindle, the solid generated by revolving the portion of a parabola cut off by a line drawn at right angles to the axis of the curve, about that line as an axis. — Parabolic spiral, a spiral curve conceived to be formed by the periphery of a semiparabola when its axis is wrapped about a circle; also, any other spiral curve having an analogy to the parabola.

PARABOLICALLY
Par`a*bol"ic*al*ly, adv.

1. By way of parable; in a parabolic manner.

2. In the form of a parabola.

PARABOLIFORM
Par`a*bol"i*form, a. Etym: [Parabola + -form.]

Defn: Resembling a parabola in form.

PARABOLISM
Pa*rab"o*lism, n. Etym: [From Parabola.] (Alg.)

Defn: The division of the terms of an equation by a known quantity that is involved in the first term. [Obs.]

PARABOLIST
Pa*rab"o*list, n.

Defn: A narrator of parables.

PARABOLOID
Pa*rab"o*loid, n. Etym: [Parabola + -oid: cf. F. paraboloïde.]
(Geom.)

Defn: The solid generated by the rotation of a parabola about its axis; any surface of the second order whose sections by planes parallel to a given line are parabolas.

Note: The term paraboloid has sometimes been applied also to the parabolas of the higher orders. Hutton.

PARABOLOIDAL
Par`a*bo*loid"al, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a paraboloid.

PARABRONCHIUM
Par`a*bron"chi*um, n.; pl. Parabronchia. Etym: [NL. See Para-,
Bronchia.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the branches of an ectobronchium or entobronchium.

PARACELSIAN
Par`a*cel"si*an, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or in conformity with, the practice of
Paracelsus, a Swiss physician of the 15th century. Ferrand.

PARACELSIAN
Par`a*cel"si*an, n.

Defn: A follower of Paracelsus or his practice or teachings.
Hakewill.

PARACELSIST
Par`a*cel"sist, n.

Defn: A Paracelsian.

PARACENTESIS
Par`a*cen*te"sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The perforation of a cavity of the body with a trocar, aspirator, or other suitable instrument, for the evacuation of effused fluid, pus, or gas; tapping.

PARACENTRIC; PARACENTRICAL Par`a*cen"tric, Par`a*cen"tric*al, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + centric, - ical: cf. F. paracentrique.]

Defn: Deviating from circularity; changing the distance from a center. Paracentric curve (Math.), a curve having the property that, when its plane is placed vertically, a body descending along it, by the force of gravity, will approach to, or recede from, a fixed point or center, by equal distances in equal times; — called also a paracentric. — Paracentric motton or velocity, the motion or velocity of a revolving body, as a planet, by which it approaches to, or recedes from, the center, without reference to its motion in space, or to its motion as reckoned in any other direction.

PARACHORDAL
Par`a*chor"dal, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + chordal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Situated on either side of the notochord; — applied especially to the cartilaginous rudiments of the skull on each side of the anterior part of the notochord. — n.

Defn: A parachordal cartilage.

PARACHRONISM
Pa*rach"ro*nism, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + Gr. parachronisme.]

Defn: An error in chronology, by which the date of an event is set later than the time of its occurrence. [R.]

PARACHROSE
Par"a*chrose, a. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: Changing color by exposure Mohs.

PARACHUTE Par"a*chute, n. Etym: [F., fr. paper to ward off, guard + chute a fall. See Parry, and Chute, Chance.]

1. A contrivance somewhat in the form of an umbrella, by means of which a descent may be made from a balloon, or any eminence.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A web or fold of skin which extends between the legs of certain mammals, as the flying squirrels, colugo, and phalangister.

PARACLETE
Par"a*clete, n. Etym: [L. paracletus, Gr.

Defn: An advocate; one called to aid or support; hence, the Consoler,
Comforter, or Intercessor; — a term applied to the Holy Spirit.
From which intercession especially I conceive he hath the name of the
Paraclete given him by Christ. Bp. Pearson.

PARACLOSE
Par"a*close, n. (Arch.)

Defn: See Parclose.

PARACMASTIC
Par`ac*mas"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. Para-, and Acme.] (Med.)

Defn: Gradually decreasing; past the acme, or crisis, as a distemper.
Dunglison.

PARACONIC
Par`a*con"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + aconitic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid obtained as a deliquescent white crystalline substance, and isomeric with itaconic, citraconic, and mesaconic acids.

PARACONINE
Par`a*co"nine, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + conine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A base resembling and isomeric with conine, and obtained as a colorless liquid from butyric aldehyde and ammonia.

PARACOROLLA
Par`a*co*rol"la, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + corolla.] (Bot.)

Defn: A secondary or inner corolla; a corona, as of the Narcissus.

PARA CRESS
Pará cress.

Defn: An annual asteraceous herb (Spilances oleracea) grown in tropical countries as a pungent salad, and also used medicinally.

PARACROSTIC
Par`a*cros"tic, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + acrostic.]

Defn: A poetical composition, in which the first verse contains, in order, the first letters of all the verses of the poem. Brande & C.

PARACYANOGEN
Par`a*cy*an"o*gen, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + cyanogen.] (Chem.)

Defn: A polymeric modification of cyanogen, obtained as a brown or black amorphous residue by heating mercuric cyanide.

PARACYMENE
Par`a*cy"mene, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + cymene.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Cymene.

PARADACTYLUM
Par`a*dac"ty*lum, n.; pl. Paradactyla. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and
Dactyl.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The side of a toe or finger.

PARADE Pa*rade", n. Etym: [F., fr. Sp. parada a halt or stopping, an assembling for exercise, a place where troops are assembled to exercise, fr. parar to stop, to prepare. See Pare, v. t.]

1. The ground where a military display is held, or where troops are drilled.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: An assembly and orderly arrangement or display of troops, in full equipments, for inspection or evolutions before some superior officer; a review of troops. Parades are general, regimental, or private (troop, battery, or company), according to the force assembled.

3. Pompous show; formal display or exhibition. Be rich, but of your wealth make no parade. Swift.

4. That which is displayed; a show; a spectacle; an imposing procession; the movement of any body marshaled in military order; as, a parade of firemen. In state returned the grand parade. Swift.

5. Posture of defense; guard. [A Gallicism.] When they are not in parade, and upon their guard. Locke.

6. A public walk; a promenade. Dress parade, Undress parade. See under Dress, and Undress. — Parade rest, a position of rest for soldiers, in which, however, they are required to be silent and motionless. Wilhelm.

Syn. — Ostentation; display; show. — Parade, Ostentation. Parade is a pompous exhibition of things for the purpose of display; ostentation now generally indicates a parade of virtues or other qualities for which one expects to be honored. "It was not in the mere parade of royalty that the Mexican potentates exhibited their power." Robertson. "We are dazzled with the splendor of titles, the ostentation of learning, and the noise of victories." Spectator.

PARADE
Pa*rade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paraded; p. pr. & vb. n. Parading.]
Etym: [Cf. F. parader.]

1. To exhibit in a showy or ostentatious manner; to show off. Parading all her sensibility. Byron.

2. To assemble and form; to marshal; to cause to maneuver or march ceremoniously; as, to parade troops.

PARADE
Pa*rade", v. i.

1. To make an exhibition or spectacle of one's self, as by walking in a public place.

2. To assemble in military order for evolutions and inspection; to form or march, as in review.

PARADIGM
Par"a*digm, n. Etym: [F. paradigme, L. paradigma, fr. Gr. Para-, and
Diction.]

1. An example; a model; a pattern. [R.] "The paradigms and patterns of all things." Cudworth.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: An example of a conjugation or declension, showing a word in all its different forms of inflection.

3. (Rhet.)

Defn: An illustration, as by a parable or fable.

PARADIGMATIC; PARADIGMATICAL
Par`a*dig*mat"ic, Par`a*dig*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Exemplary.
— Par`a*dig*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]

PARADIGMATIC
Par`a*dig*mat"ic, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A writer of memoirs of religious persona, as examples of
Christian excellence.

PARADIGMATIZE Par`a*dig"ma*tize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paradigmatized; p. pr. & vb. n. Paradigmatizing.] Etym: [Gr. Paradigm.]

Defn: To set forth as a model or example. [Obs.] Hammond.

PARADISAIC; PARADISAICAL
Par`a*di*sa"ic, Par`a*di*sa"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to, or resembling, paradise; paradisiacal.
"Paradisaical pleasures." Gray.

PARADISAL
Par"a*di`sal, a.

Defn: Paradisiacal.

PARADISE Par"a*dise, n. Etym: [OE. & F. paradis, L. paradisus, fr. Gr. para`deisos park, paradise, fr. Zend pairidaeza an inclosure; pairi around (akin to Gr. diz to throw up, pile up; cf. Skr. dih to smear, and E. dough. Cf. Parvis.]

1. The garden of Eden, in which Adam and Eve were placed after their creation.

2. The abode of sanctified souls after death.
To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise. Luke xxiii. 43.
It sounds to him like her mother's voice, Singing in Paradise.
Longfellow.

3. A place of bliss; a region of supreme felicity or delight; hence,
a state of happiness.
The earth Shall be all paradise. Milton.
Wrapt in the very paradise of some creative vision. Beaconsfield.

4. (Arch.)

Defn: An open space within a monastery or adjoining a church, as the space within a cloister, the open court before a basilica, etc.

5. A churchyard or cemetery. [Obs.] Oxf. Gloss. Fool's paradise. See under Fool, and Limbo. — Grains of paradise. (Bot.) See Melequeta pepper, under Pepper. — Paradise bird. (Zoöl.) Same as Bird of paradise. Among the most beautiful species are the superb (Lophorina superba); the magnificent (Diphyllodes magnifica); and the six-shafted paradise bird (Parotia sefilata). The long-billed paradise birds (Epimachinæ) also include some highly ornamental species, as the twelve-wired paradise bird (Seleucides alba), which is black, yellow, and white, with six long breast feathers on each side, ending in long, slender filaments. See Bird of paradise in the Vocabulary. — Paradise fish (Zoöl.), a beautiful fresh-water Asiatic fish (Macropodus viridiauratus) having very large fins. It is often kept alive as an ornamental fish. — Paradise flycatcher (Zoöl.), any flycatcher of the genus Terpsiphone, having the middle tail feathers extremely elongated. The adult male of T. paradisi is white, with the head glossy dark green, and crested. — Paradise grackle (Zoöl.), a very beautiful bird of New Guinea, of the genus Astrapia, having dark velvety plumage with brilliant metallic tints. — Paradise nut (Bot.), the sapucaia nut. See Sapucaia nut. [Local, U. S.] — Paradise whidah bird. (Zoöl.) See Whidah.

PARADISE
Par"a*dise, v. t.

Defn: To affect or exalt with visions of felicity; to entrance; to bewitch. [R.] Marston.

PARADISEAN
Par`a*dis"e*an, a.

Defn: Paradisiacal.

PARADISED
Par"a*dised, a.

Defn: Placed in paradise; enjoying delights as of paradise.

PARADISIAC; PARADISIACAL
Par`a*dis"i*ac, Par`a*di*si"a*cal, a. Etym: [L. paradisiacus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to paradise; suitable to, or like, paradise.
C. Kingsley. T. Burnet. "A paradisiacal scene." Pope.
The valley . . . is of quite paradisiac beauty. G. Eliot.

PARADISIAL; PARADISIAN
Par`a*dis"i*al, Par`a*dis"i*an, a.

Defn: Paradisiacal. [R.]

PARADISIC
Par`a*dis"ic, a.

Defn: Paradisiacal. [R.] Broome.

PARADISICAL
Par`a*dis"ic*al, a.

Defn: Paradisiacal. [R.]

PARADOS Par`a*dos, n.; pl. Paradoses. Etym: [F., fr. parer to defend + dos back, L. dorsum.] (Fort.)

Defn: An intercepting mound, erected in any part of a fortification to protect the defenders from a rear or ricochet fire; a traverse. Farrow.

PARADOX
Par`a*dox, n.; pl. Paradoxes. Etym: [F. paradoxe, L. paradoxum, fr.
Gr. Para-, and Dogma.]

Defn: A tenet or proposition contrary to received opinion; an assertion or sentiment seemingly contradictory, or opposed to common sense; that which in appearance or terms is absurd, but yet may be true in fact. A gloss there is to color that paradox, and make it appear in show not to be altogether unreasonable. Hooker. This was sometime a paradox, but now the time gives it proof. Shak. Hydrostatic paradox. See under Hydrostatic.

PARADOXAL
Par"a*dox`al, a.

Defn: Paradoxical. [Obs.]

PARADOXER; PARADOXIST
Par"a*dox`er, n., Par"a*dox`ist (, n.

Defn: One who proposes a paradox.

PARADOXICAL
Par`a*dox"ic*al, a.

1. Of the nature of a paradox.

2. Inclined to paradoxes, or to tenets or notions contrary to
received opinions. Southey.
— Par`a*dox"ic*al*ly, adv.
— Par`a*dox"ic*al*ness, n.

PARADOXIDES
Par`a*dox"i*des, n. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of large trilobites characteristic of the primordial formations.

PARADOXOLOGY
Par`a*dox*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Paradox + -logy.]

Defn: The use of paradoxes. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

PARADOXURE
Par`a*dox"ure, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of Paradoxurus, a genus of Asiatic viverrine mammals allied to the civet, as the musang, and the luwack or palm cat (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus). See Musang.

PARADOXY
Par"a*dox`y, n.

1. A paradoxical statement; a paradox.

2. The quality or state of being paradoxical. Coleridge

PARAFFIN; PARAFFINE Par"af*fin, Par"af*fine, n. Etym: [F. paraffine, fr. L. parum too little + affinis akin. So named in allusion to its chemical inactivity.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white waxy substance, resembling spermaceti, tasteless and odorless, and obtained from coal tar, wood tar, petroleum, etc., by distillation. It is used as an illuminant and lubricant. It is very inert, not being acted upon by most of the strong chemical reagents. It was formerly regarded as a definite compound, but is now known to be a complex mixture of several higher hydrocarbons of the methane or marsh-gas series; hence, by extension, any substance, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous, of the same chemical series; thus coal gas and kerosene consist largely of paraffins.

Note: In the present chemical usage this word is spelt paraffin, but
in commerce it is commonly spelt paraffine. Native paraffin. See
Ozocerite.
— Paraffin series. See Methane series, under Methane.

PARAGE Par"age, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. par, adj., equal. Cf. Peerage, Peer an equal.]

1. (Old Eng. Law)

Defn: Equality of condition, blood, or dignity; also, equality in the partition of an inheritance. Spelman.

2. (Feudal Law)

Defn: Equality of condition between persons holding unequal portions of a fee. Burrill.

3. Kindred; family; birth. [Obs.] Ld. Berners. We claim to be of high parage. Chaucer.

PARAGENESIS
Par`a*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + genesis.] (Min.)

Defn: The science which treats of minerals with special reference to their origin.

PARAGENIC
Par`a*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. para- the root of (Biol.)

Defn: Originating in the character of the germ, or at the first commencement of an individual; — said of peculiarities of structure, character, etc.

PARAGLOBULIN
Par`a*glob"u*lin, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + globulin.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: An albuminous body in blood serum, belonging to the group of globulins. See Fibrinoplastin.

PARAGLOSSA
Par`a*glos"sa, n.; pl. Paraglossæ. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a pair of small appendages of the lingua or labium of certain insects. See Illust. under Hymenoptera.

PARAGNATH
Par"ag*nath, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Paragnathus.

PARAGNATHOUS
Pa*rag"na*thous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having both mandibles of equal length, the tips meeting, as in certain birds.

PARAGNATHUS Pa*rag"na*thus, n.; pl. Paragnathi. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and Gnathic.] (Zoöl.) (a) One of the two lobes which form the lower lip, or metastome, of Crustacea. (b) One of the small, horny, toothlike jaws of certain annelids.

PARAGOGE
Par`a*go"ge, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Gram.)

Defn: The addition of a letter or syllable to the end of a word, as withouten for without.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Coaptation. [Obs.] Dunglison.

PARAGOGIC; PARAGOGICAL
Par`a*gog"ic, Par`a*gog"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. paragogique.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or constituting, a paragoge; added to the end of, or serving to lengthen, a word. Paragogic letters, in the Semitic languages, letters which are added to the ordinary forms of words, to express additional emphasis, or some change in the sense.

PARAGON Par"a*gon, n. Etym: [OF. paragon, F. parangon; cf. It. paragone, Sp. paragon, parangon; prob. fr. Gr.

1. A companion; a match; an equal. [Obs.] Spenser. Philoclea, who indeed had no paragon but her sister. Sir P. Sidney.

2. Emulation; rivalry; competition. [Obs.] Full many feats adventurous Performed, in paragon of proudest men. Spenser.

3. A model or pattern; a pattern of excellence or perfection; as, a paragon of beauty or eloquence. Udall. Man, . . . the paragon of animals ! Shak. The riches of sweet Mary's son, Boy-rabbi, Israel's paragon. Emerson.

4. (Print.)

Defn: A size of type between great primer and double pica. See the
Note under Type.

PARAGON
Par"a*gon, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OF. paragonner, F. parangonner.]

1. To compare; to parallel; to put in rivalry or emulation with. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

2. To compare with; to equal; to rival. [R.] Spenser. In arms anon to paragon the morn, The morn new rising. Glover.

3. To serve as a model for; to surpass. [Obs.] He hath achieved a maid That paragons description and wild fame. Shak.

PARAGON
Par"a*gon, v. i.

Defn: To be equal; to hold comparison. [R.]
Few or none could . . . paragon with her. Shelton.

PARAGONITE
Pa*rag"o*nite, n. Etym: [From Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A kind of mica related to muscovite, but containing soda instead of potash. It is characteristic of the paragonite schist of the Alps.

PARAGRAM
Par"a*gram, n. Etym: [Gr. Paragraph.]

Defn: A pun.
Puns, which he calls paragrams. Addison.

PARAGRAMMATIST
Par`a*gram"ma*tist, n.

Defn: A punster.

PARAGRANDINE Pa`ra*gran"di*ne, n. Etym: [It., from parare to parry + grandine hail.]

Defn: An instrument to avert the occurrence of hailstorms. See
Paragr. Knight.

PARAGRAPH Par"a*graph, n. Etym: [F. paragraphe, LL. paragraphus, fr. Gr. Para-, and Graphic, and cf. Paraph.]

1. Originally, a marginal mark or note, set in the margin to call attention to something in the text, e. g., a change of subject; now, the character

Note: This character is merely a modification of a capital P (the initial of the word paragraph), the letter being reversed, and the black part made white and the white part black for the sake of distinctiveness.

2. A distinct part of a discourse or writing; any section or subdivision of a writing or chapter which relates to a particular point, whether consisting of one or many sentences. The division is sometimes noted by the mark

3. A brief composition complete in one typographical section or paragraph; an item, remark, or quotation comprised in a few lines forming one paragraph; as, a column of news paragraphs; an editorial paragraph.

PARAGRAPH
Par"a*graph, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paragraphed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Paragraphing.]

1. To divide into paragraphs; to mark with the character .

2. To express in the compass of a paragraph; as, to paragraph an article.

3. To mention in a paragraph or paragraphs

PARAGRAPHER
Par"a*graph`er, n.

Defn: A writer of paragraphs; a paragraphist.

PARAGRAPHIC; PARAGRAPHICAL
Par`a*graph"ic, Par`a*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or consisting of, a paragraph or paragraphs.
— Par`a*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

PARAGRAPHIST
Par"a*graph`ist, n.

Defn: A paragrapher.

PARAGRAPHISTICAL
Par`a*gra*phis"tic*al, a.

Defn: Of or relating to a paragraphist. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

PARA GRASS
Pa*ra" grass`. (Bot.)

Defn: A valuable pasture grass (Panicum barbinode) introduced into the Southern United States from Brazil.

PARAGRELE
Pa`ra`grêle", n. Etym: [F., fr. parer to guard + grêle hail.]

Defn: A lightning conductor erected, as in a vineyard, for drawing off the electricity in the atmosphere in order to prevent hailstorms. [France] Knight.

PARAGUAYAN
Par`a*guay"an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Paraguay.
— n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Paraguay.

PARAGUAY TEA
Pa`ra*guay" tea".

Defn: See Mate, the leaf of the Brazilian holly.

PARAIL
Par"ail, n.

Defn: See Apparel. [Obs.] "In the parail of a pilgrim." Piers
Plowman.

PARAKEET
Par"a*keet`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Parrakeet.

PARAKITE
Par"a*kite`, n. [Para- + kite.]

Defn: A train or series of kites on one string and flying tandem, used for attaining great heights and for sending up instruments for meteorological observations or a man for military reconnoissance; also, a kite of such a train.

PARALACTIC
Par`a*lac"tic, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + lactic.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Designating an acid called paralactic acid. See Lactic acid, under Lactic.

PARALBUMIN
Par`al*bu"min, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + albumin.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A proteidlike body found in the fluid from ovarian cysts and elsewhere. It is generally associated with a substance related to, if not identical with, glycogen.

PARALDEHYDE
Par*al"de*hyde, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + aldehyde.] (Chem.)

Defn: A polymeric modification of aldehyde obtained as a white crystalline substance.

PARALEIPSIS
Par`a*leip"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A pretended or apparent omission; a figure by which a speaker artfully pretends to pass by what he really mentions; as, for example, if an orator should say, "I do not speak of my adversary's scandalous venality and rapacity, his brutal conduct, his treachery and malice." [Written also paralepsis, paralepsy, paralipsis.]

PARALEPSIS
Par`a*lep"sis, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: See Paraleipsis.

PARALGESIA
Par`al*ge"si*a, n. [NL.; para-+ Gr. 'a`lghsis sense of pain.] (Med.)

Defn: Disordered sensibility to pain, including absence of sensibility to pain, excessive sensibility to pain, and abnormal painful results of stimuli. — Par`al*ge"sic (#), a.

PARALIAN
Pa*ra"li*an, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A dweller by the sea. [R.]

PARALIPOMENON Par`a*li*pom"e*non, n. pl. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. paraleipome`nwn of things omitted, pass. p. pr. (neuter genitive plural) fr.

Defn: A title given in the Douay Bible to the Books of Chronicles.

Note: In the Septuagint these books are called Paraleipome`nwn prw on and dey`teron, which is understood, after Jerome's explanation, as meaning that they are supplementary to the Books of Kings W. Smith.

PARALIPSIS
Par`a*lip"sis, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: See Paraleipsis.

PARALLACTIC; PARALLACTICAL
Par`al*lac"tic, Par`al*lac"tic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. parallactique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a parallax.

PARALLAX
Par"al*lax, n. Etym: [Gr. parallaxe. Cf. Parallel.]

1. The apparent displacement, or difference of position, of an object, as seen from two different stations, or points of view.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: The apparent difference in position of a body (as the sun, or a star) as seen from some point on the earth's surface, and as seen from some other conventional point, as the earth's center or the sun. Annual parallax, the greatest value of the heliocentric parallax, or the greatest annual apparent change of place of a body as seen from the earth and sun; as, the annual parallax of a fixed star. — Binocular parallax, the apparent difference in position of an object as seen separately by one eye, and then by the other, the head remaining unmoved. — Diurnal, or Geocentric, parallax, the parallax of a body with reference to the earth's center. This is the kind of parallax that is generally understood when the term is used without qualification. — Heliocentric parallax, the parallax of a body with reference to the sun, or the angle subtended at the body by lines drawn from it to the earth and sun; as, the heliocentric parallax of a planet. — Horizontal parallax, the geocentric parallx of a heavenly body when in the horizon, or the angle subtended at the body by the earth's radius. — Optical parallax, the apparent displacement in position undergone by an object when viewed by either eye singly. Brande & C. — Parallax of the cross wires (of an optical instrument), their apparent displacement when the eye changes its position, caused by their not being exactly in the focus of the object glass. — Stellar parallax, the annual parallax of a fixed star.

PARALLEL
Par"al*lel, a. Etym: [F. parallèle, L. parallelus, fr. Gr. alius. See
Allien.]

1. (Geom.)

Defn: Extended in the same direction, and in all parts equally distant; as, parallel lines; parallel planes. Revolutions . . . parallel to the equinoctial. Hakluyt.

Note: Curved lines or curved planes are said to be parallel when they are in all parts equally distant.

2. Having the same direction or tendency; running side by side; being in accordance (with); tending to the same result; — used with to and with. When honor runs parallel with the laws of God and our country, it can not be too much cherished. Addison.

3. Continuing a resemblance through many particulars; applicable in all essential parts; like; similar; as, a parallel case; a parallel passage. Addison. Parallel bar. (a) (Steam Eng.) A rod in a parallel motion which is parallel with the working beam. (b) One of a pair of bars raised about five feet above the floor or ground, and parallel to each other, — used for gymnastic exercises. — Parallel circles of a sphere, those circles of the sphere whose planes are parallel to each other. — Parallel columns, or Parallels (Printing), two or more passages of reading matter printed side by side, for the purpose of emphasizing the similarity or discrepancy between them. — Parallel forces (Mech.), forces which act in directions parallel to each other. — Parallel motion. (a) (Mach.) A jointed system of links, rods, or bars, by which the motion of a reciprocating piece, as a piston rod, may be guided, either approximately or exactly in a straight line. Rankine. (b) (Mus.) The ascending or descending of two or more parts at fixed intervals, as thirds or sixths. — Parallel rod (Locomotive Eng.), a metal rod that connects the crank pins of two or more driving wheels; — called also couping rod, in distinction from the connecting rod. See Illust. of Locomotive, in App. — Parallel ruler, an instrument for drawing parallel lines, so constructed as to have the successive positions of the ruling edge parallel to each other; also, one consisting of two movable parts, the opposite edges of which are always parallel. — Parallel sailing (Naut.), sailing on a parallel of latitude. — Parallel sphere (Astron. & Geog.), that position of the sphere in which the circles of daily motion are parallel to the horizon, as to an observer at either pole. — Parallel vise, a vise having jaws so guided as to remain parallel in all positions.

PARALLEL
Par"al*lel, n.

1. A line which, throughout its whole extent, is equidistant from another line; a parallel line, a parallel plane, etc. Who made the spider parallels design, Sure as De Moivre, without rule or line Pope.

2. Direction conformable to that of another line, Lines that from their parallel decline. Garth.

3. Conformity continued through many particulars or in all essential points; resemblance; similarity. Twixt earthly females and the moon All parallels exactly run. Swift.

4. A comparison made; elaborate tracing of similarity; as, Johnson's parallel between Dryden and Pope.

5. Anything equal to, or resembling, another in all essential particulars; a counterpart. None but thyself can be thy parallel. Pope.

6. (Geog.)

Defn: One of the imaginary circles on the surface of the earth, parallel to the equator, marking the latitude; also, the corresponding line on a globe or map.

7. (Mil.)

Defn: One of a series of long trenches constructed before a besieged fortress, by the besieging force, as a cover for troops supporting the attacking batteries. They are roughly parallel to the line of outer defenses of the fortress.

8. (Print.)

Defn: A character consisting of two parallel vertical lines (thus, ) used in the text to direct attention to a similarly marked note in the margin or at the foot of a page. Limiting parallels. See under Limit, v. t. — Parallel of altitude (Astron.), one of the small circles of the sphere, parallel to the horizon; an almucantar. — Parallel of declination (Astron.), one of the small circles of the sphere, parallel to the equator. — Parallel of latitude. (a) (Geog.) See def. 6. above. (b) (Astron.) One of the small circles of the sphere, parallel to the ecliptic.

PARALLEL
Par"al*lel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paralleled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Paralleling.]

1. To place or set so as to be parallel; to place so as to be parallel to, or to conform in direction with, something else. The needle . . . doth parallel and place itself upon the true meridian. Sir T. Browne.

2. Fig.: To make to conform to something else in character, motive, aim, or the like. His life is paralleled Even with the stroke and line of his great justice. Shak.

3. To equal; to match; to correspond to. Shak.

4. To produce or adduce as a parallel. [R.] Locke. My young remembrance can not parallel A fellow to it. Shak.

PARALLEL
Par"al*lel, v. i.

Defn: To be parallel; to correspond; to be like. [Obs.] Bacon.

PARALLELABLE
Par"al*lel`a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being paralleled, or equaled. [R.] Bp. Hall.

PARALLELISM
Par"al*lel*ism, n. Etym: [Gr. parallélisme.]

1. The quality or state of being parallel.

2. Resemblance; correspondence; similarity. A close parallelism of thought and incident. T. Warton.

3. Similarity of construction or meaning of clauses placed side by side, especially clauses expressing the same sentiment with slight modifications, as is common in Hebrew poetry; e. g.: — At her feet he bowed, he fell: Where he bowed, there he fell down dead. Judg. v. 27.

PARALLELISTIC
Par`al*lel*is"tic, a.

Defn: Of the nature of a parallelism; involving parallelism. The antithetic or parallelistic form of Hebrew poetry is entirely lost. Milman.

PARALLELIZE
Par"al*lel*ize, v. t.

Defn: To render parallel. [R.]

PARALLELLESS
Par"al*lel*less, a.

Defn: Matchless. [R.]

PARALLELLY
Par"al*lel*ly, adv.

Defn: In a parallel manner; with parallelism. [R.] Dr. H. More.

PARALLELOGRAM Par`al*lel"o*gram, n. Etym: [Gr. parallélogramme. See Parallel, and - gram.] (Geom.)

Defn: A right-lined quadrilateral figure, whose opposite sides are parallel, and consequently equal; — sometimes restricted in popular usage to a rectangle, or quadrilateral figure which is longer than it is broad, and with right angles. Parallelogram of velocities, forces, accelerations, momenta, etc. (Mech.), a parallelogram the diagonal of which represents the resultant of two velocities, forces, accelerations, momenta, etc., both in quantity and direction, when the velocities, forces, accelerations, momenta, etc., are represented in quantity and direction by the two adjacent sides of the parallelogram.

PARALLELOGRAMMATIC
Par`al*lel`o*gram*mat"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a parallelogram; parallelogrammic.

PARALLELOGRAMMIC; PARALLELOGRAMMICAL
Par`al*lel`o*gram"mic, Par`al*lel`o*gram"mic*al, a.

Defn: Having the properties of a parallelogram. [R.]

PARALLELOPIPED
Par`al*lel`o*pi"ped, n. Etym: [Gr. parallélopipède.] (Geom.)

Defn: A solid, the faces of which are six parallelograms, the opposite pairs being parallel, and equal to each other; a prism whose base is a parallelogram.

PARALLELOPIPEDON
Par`al*lel`o*pip"e*don, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: A parallelopiped. Hutton.

PARALLEL STANDARDS
Parallel standards. (Numismatics)

Defn: Two or more metals coined without any attempt by the government to regulate their values.

PARALLEL SULCUS
Parallel sulcus. (Anat.)

Defn: A sulcus parallel to, but some distance below, the horizontal limb of the fissure of Sylvius.

PARALLEL TRANSFORMER
Parallel transformer. (Elec.)

Defn: A transformer connected in parallel.

PARALLEL VISE
Parallel vise.

Defn: A vise with jaws so guided as to remain parallel.

PARALOGICAL
Par`a*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Containing paralogism; illogical. "Paralogical doubt." Sir T.
Browne.

PARALOGISM
Pa*ral"o*gism, n. Etym: [Gr. paralogisme.] (Logic)

Defn: A reasoning which is false in point of form, that is, which is contrary to logical rules or formulæ; a formal fallacy, or pseudo- syllogism, in which the conclusion does not follow from the premises.

PARALOGIZE
Pa*ral"o*gize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Paralogized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Paralogizing.] Etym: [Gr.

Defn: To reason falsely; to draw conclusions not warranted by the premises. [R.]

PARALOGY
Pa*ral"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: False reasoning; paralogism.

PARALYSE
Par"a*lyse, v. t.

Defn: Same as Paralyze.

PARALYSIS
Pa*ral"y*sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Para-, and Loose, and cf. Palsy.]
(Med.)

Defn: Abolition of function, whether complete or partial; esp., the loss of the power of voluntary motion, with or without that of sensation, in any part of the body; palsy. See Hemiplegia, and Paraplegia. Also used figuratively. "Utter paralysis of memory." G. Eliot. Mischievous practices arising out of the paralysis of the powers of ownership. Duke of Argyll (1887).

PARALYTIC
Par`a*lyt"ic, a. Etym: [L. paralyticus, Gr. paralytique.]

1. Of or pertaining to paralysis; resembling paralysis.

2. Affected with paralysis, or palsy. The cold, shaking, paralytic hand. Prior.

3. Inclined or tending to paralysis. Paralytic secretion (Physiol.), the fluid, generally thin and watery, secreted from a gland after section or paralysis of its nerves, as the pralytic saliva.

PARALYTIC
Par`a*lyt"ic, n.

Defn: A person affected with paralysis.

PARALYTICAL
Par`a*lyt"ic*al, a.

Defn: See Paralytic.

PARALYZATION
Par`a*ly*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of paralyzing, or the state of being paralyzed.

PARALYZE
Par"a*lyze, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paralyzed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Paralyzing.] Etym: [F. paralyser. See Paralysis.]

1. To affect or strike with paralysis or palsy.

2. Fig.: To unnerve; to destroy or impair the energy of; to render ineffective; as, the occurrence paralyzed the community; despondency paralyzed his efforts.

PARAM
Par"am, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline nitrogenous substance (C2H4N4); — called also dicyandiamide.

PARAMAGNETIC
Par`a*mag*net"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + magnetic.]

Defn: Magnetic, as opposed to Ant: diamagnetic.
— n.

Defn: A paramagnetic substance. Faraday.
— Par`a*mag*net"ic*al*ly, adv.

PARAMAGNETISM
Par`a*mag"net*ism, n.

Defn: Magnetism, as opposed to diamagnetism. Faraday.

PARAMALEIC
Par`a*ma*le"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + maleic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from malic acid, and now called fumaric acid. [Obs.]

PARAMALIC
Par`a*ma"lic, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + malic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid metameric with malic acid.

PARAMASTOID
Par`a*mas"toid, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + mastoid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Situated beside, or near, the mastoid portion of the temporal bone; paroccipital; — applied especially to a process of the skull in some animals.

PARAMATTA
Par`a*mat"ta, n. Etym: [So named from Paramatta, in Australia.]

Defn: A light fabric of cotton and worsted, resembling bombazine or merino. Beck (Draper's Dict.)

PARAMENT Par"a*ment, n. Etym: [Sp. paramento, from parar to prepare, L. parare.]

Defn: Ornamental hangings, furniture, etc., as of a state apartment;
rich and elegant robes worn by men of rank; — chiefly in the plural.
[Obs.]
Lords in paraments on their coursers. Chaucer.
Chamber of paraments, presence chamber of a monarch.

PARAMENTO
Pa`ra*men"to, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: Ornament; decoration. Beau. & Fl.

PARAMERE
Par"a*mere, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + -mere.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the symmetrical halves of any one of the radii, or spheromeres, of a radiate animal, as a starfish.

PARAMETER
Pa*ram"e*ter, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + -meter: cf. F. paramètre.]

1. (a) (Math.) A term applied to some characteristic magnitude whose value, invariable as long as one and the same function, curve, surface, etc., is considered, serves to distinguish that function, curve, surface, etc., from others of the same kind or family. Brande & C. (b) Specifically (Conic Sections), in the ellipse and hyperbola, a third proportional to any diameter and its conjugate, or in the parabola, to any abscissa and the corresponding ordinate.

Note: The parameter of the principal axis of a conic section is called the latus rectum.

2. (Crystallog.)

Defn: The ratio of the three crystallographic axes which determines the position of any plane; also, the fundamental axial ratio for a given species.

PARAMETRITIS
Par`a*me*tri"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and Metritis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the cellular tissue in the vicinity of the uterus.

PARAMIOGRAPHER
Par`a*mi*og"ra*pher, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph + -er.]

Defn: A collector or writer of proverbs. [R.]

PARAMITOME
Par`a*mi"tome, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + mitome.] (Biol.)

Defn: The fluid portion of the protoplasm of a cell.

PARAMO
Pa"ra*mo, n.; pl. Paramos. Etym: [Sp. pæramo.]

Defn: A high, bleak plateau or district, with stunted trees, and cold, damp atmosphere, as in the Andes, in South America.

PARAMORPH
Par"a*morph, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A kind of pseudomorph, in which there has been a change of physical characters without alteration of chemical composition, as the change of aragonite to calcite.

PARAMORPHISM
Par`a*mor"phism, n. (Min.)

Defn: The change of one mineral species to another, so as to involve a change in physical characters without alteration of chemical composition.

PARAMORPHOUS
Par`a*mor"phous, a. (Min.)

Defn: Relating to paramorphism; exhibiting paramorphism.

PARAMOUNT Par"a*mount, a. Etym: [OF. par amont above; par through, by (L. per) + amont above. See Amount.]

Defn: Having the highest rank or jurisdiction; superior to all others; chief; supreme; preëminent; as, a paramount duty. "A traitor paramount." Bacon. Lady paramount (Archery), the lady making the best score. — Lord paramount, the king.

Syn. Superior; principal; preëminent; chief.

PARAMOUNT
Par"a*mount, n.

Defn: The highest or chief. Milton.

PARAMOUNTLY
Par"a*mount`ly, adv.

Defn: In a paramount manner.

PARAMOUR
Par"a*mour, n. Etym: [F. par amour, lit., by or with love. See 2d
Par, and Amour.]

1. A lover, of either sex; a wooer or a mistress (formerly in a good sense, now only in a bad one); one who takes the place, without possessing the rights, of a husband or wife; — used of a man or a woman. The seducer appeared with dauntless front, accompanied by his paramour Macaulay.

2. Love; gallantry. [Obs.] "For paramour and jollity." Chaucer.

PARAMOUR; PARAMOURS
Par"a*mour`, Par"a*mours`, adv.

Defn: By or with love, esp. the love of the sexes; — sometimes written as two words. [Obs.] For par amour, I loved her first ere thou. Chaucer.

PARAMYLUM
Par*am"y*lum, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A substance resembling starch, found in the green frothy scum formed on the surface of stagnant water.

PARANAPHTHALENE
Par`a*naph"tha*lene, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + naphthalene.] (Chem.)

Defn: Anthracene; — called also paranaphthaline. [Obs.]

PARANOIA
Par`a*noi"a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Mental derangement; insanity.

PARANOIAC
Par`a*noi"ac, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to paranoia; affected with, or characteristic of, paranoia.

PARANOIAC
Par`a*noi"ac, n.

Defn: A person affected with paranoia.

PARANTHRACENE
Par*an"thra*cene, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + anthracene.] (Chem.)

Defn: An inert isomeric modification of anthracene.

PARANUCLEUS
Par`a*nu"cle*us, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + nucleus.] (Biol.)

Defn: Some as Nucleolus.

PARA NUT
Pa*ra" nut`. (Bot.)

Defn: The Brazil nut.

PARANYMPH
Par"a*nymph, n. Etym: [L. paranymphus, Gr. paranymphe.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.) (a) A friend of the bridegroom who went with him in his chariot to fetch home the bride. Milton. (b) The bridesmaid who conducted the bride to the bridegroom.

2. Hence: An ally; a supporter or abettor. Jer. Taylor.

PARANYMPHAL
Par`a*nym"phal, a.

Defn: Bridal; nuptial. [R.]
At some paranymphal feast. Ford.

PARAPECTIN
Par`a*pec"tin, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + pectin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A gelatinous modification of pectin.

PARAPEGM
Par"a*pegm, n. Etym: [L. parapegma, Gr. parapegme.]

Defn: An engraved tablet, usually of brass, set up in a public place.

Note: Parapegms were used for the publication of laws, proclamations, etc., and the recording of astronomical phenomena or calendar events.

PARAPEPTONE
Par`a*pep"tone, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + peptone.] (Phisiol. Chem.)

Defn: An albuminous body formed in small quantity by the peptic digestion of proteids. It can be converted into peptone by pancreatic juice, but not by gastric juice.

PARAPET
Par"a*pet, n. Etym: [F., fr. It. parapetto, fr. parare to ward off,
guard (L. parare to prepare, provide) + petto the breast, L. pectus.
See Parry, and Pectoral.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A low wall, especially one serving to protect the edge of a platform, roof, bridge, or the like.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: A wall, rampart, or elevation of earth, for covering soldiers from an enemy's fire; a breastwork. See Illust. of Casemate.

PARAPETALOUS
Par`a*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + petal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Growing by the side of a petal, as a stamen.

PARAPETED
Par"a*pet`ed, a.

Defn: Having a parapet.

PARAPH
Par"aph, n. Etym: [F. paraphe, parafe, contr. fr. paragraphe.]

Defn: A flourish made with the pen at the end of a signature. In the
Middle Ages, this formed a sort of rude safeguard against forgery.
Brande & C.

PARAPH
Par"aph, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paraphed; p. pr. & vb. n. Paraphing.]
Etym: [Cf. F. parapher, parafer.]

Defn: To add a paraph to; to sign, esp. with the initials.

PARAPHERNA
Par`a*pher"na, n. pl. Etym: [L.] (Rom. Law)

Defn: The property of a woman which, on her marriage, was not made a part of her dower, but remained her own.

PARAPHERNAL
Par`a*pher"nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. paraphernal.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to paraphernalia; as, paraphernal property.
Kent.

PARAPHERNALIA Par`a*pher*na"li*a, n. pl. Etym: [LL. paraphernalia bona, fr. L. parapherna, pl., parapherna, Gr. fe`rein to bring. See 1st Bear.]

1. (Law)

Defn: Something reserved to a wife, over and above her dower, being chiefly apparel and ornaments suited to her degree.

2. Appendages; ornaments; finery; equipments.

PARAPHIMOSIS
Par`a*phi*mo"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A condition in which the prepuce, after being retracted behind the glans penis, is constricted there, and can not be brought forward into place again.

PARAPHOSPHORIC
Par`a*phos*phor"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + phosphoric.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pyrophosphoric. [Obs.]

PARAPHRAGMA
Par`a*phrag"ma, n.; pl. Paraphragmata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the outer divisions of an endosternite of Crustacea.
— Par`a*phrag"mal, a.

PARAPHRASE Par"a*phrase, n. Etym: [L. paraphrasis, Gr. paraphrase. See Para-, and Phrase.]

Defn: A restatement of a text, passage, or work, expressing the meaning of the original in another form, generally for the sake of its clearer and fuller exposition; a setting forth the signification of a text in other and ampler terms; a free translation or rendering; — opposed to metaphrase. In paraphrase, or translation with latitude, the author's words are not so strictly followed as his sense. Dryden. Excellent paraphrases of the Psalms of David. I. Disraeli. His sermons a living paraphrase upon his practice. Sowth. The Targums are also called the Chaldaic or Aramaic Paraphrases. Shipley.

PARAPHRASE
Par"a*phrase, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paraphrased; p. pr. & vb. n.
Paraphrasing.]

Defn: To express, interpret, or translate with latitude; to give the
meaning of a passage in other language.
We are put to construe and paraphrase our own words. Bp.
Stillingfleet.

PARAPHRASE
Par"a*phrase, v. i.

Defn: To make a paraphrase.

PARAPHRASER
Par"a*phra`ser, n.

Defn: One who paraphrases.

PARAPHRASIAN
Par`a*phra"sian, n.

Defn: A paraphraser. [R.]

PARAPHRAST
Par"a*phrast, n. Etym: [L. paraphrastes, Gr. paraphraste.]

Defn: A paraphraser. T. Warton.

PARAPHRASTIC; PARAPHRASTICAL
Par`a*phras"tic, Par`a*phras"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.paraphrastique.]

Defn: Paraphrasing; of the nature of paraphrase; explaining, or
translating in words more clear and ample than those of the author;
not literal; free.
— Par`a*phras"tic*al*ly, adv.

PARAPHYSIS
Pa*raph"y*sis, n.; pl. Paraphyses. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A minute jointed filament growing among the archegonia and antheridia of mosses, or with the spore cases, etc., of other flowerless plants.

PARAPLEGIA; PARAPLEGY Par`a*ple"gi*a, Par"a*ple`gy, n. Etym: [NL. paraplegia, fr. Gr. paraplégie.] (Med.)

Defn: Palsy of the lower half of the body on both sides, caused usually by disease of the spinal cord. — Par`a*pleg"ic, a.

PARAPLEURA
Par`a*pleu"ra, n.; pl. Parapleuræ. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and 2d
Pleura.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A chitinous piece between the metasternum and the pleuron of certain insects.

PARAPODIUM
Par`a*po"di*um, n.; pl. Parapodia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the lateral appendages of an annelid; — called also foot tubercle.

Note: They may serve for locomotion, respiration, and sensation, and often contain spines or setæ. When well developed, a dorsal part, or notopodium, and a ventral part, or neuropodium, are distinguished.

PARAPOPHYSIS
Par`a*poph"y*sis, n.; pl. Parapophyses. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and
Apophysis.] (Anat.)

Defn: The ventral transverse, or capitular, process of a vertebra.
See Vertebra.
— Par*ap`o*phys"ic*al, a.

PARAPTERUM
Pa*rap"te*rum, n.; pl. Paraptera. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and Pteron.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A special plate situated on the sides of the mesothorax and metathorax of certain insects.

PARAQUET; PARAQUITO
Par`a*quet", Par`a*qui"to, n. Etym: [See Paroquet.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Parrakeet.

PARA RUBBER
Pará rubber.

Defn: The caoutchouc obtained from the South American euphorbiaceous tree Hevea brasiliensis, hence called the Pará rubber tree, from the Brazilian river and seaport named Pará; also, the similar product of other species of Hevea. It is usually exported in flat round cakes, and is a chief variety of commercial India rubber.

PARASANG
Par"a*sang, n. Etym: [L. parasanga, Gr. farsang.]

Defn: A Persian measure of length, which, according to Herodotus and Xenophon, was thirty stadia, or somewhat more than three and a half miles. The measure varied in different times and places, and, as now used, is estimated at from three and a half to four English miles.

PARASCENIUM
Par`a*sce"ni*um, n.; pl. Parascenia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Greek &
Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: One of two apartments adjoining the stage, probably used as robing rooms.

PARASCEVE
Par`a*sce"ve, n. Etym: [L., from Gr.

1. Among the Jews, the evening before the Sabbath. [Obs.] Mark xv. 42 (Douay ver.)

2. A preparation. [R.] Donne.

PARASCHEMATIC
Par`a*sche*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a change from the right form, as in the formation of a word from another by a change of termination, gender, etc. Max Müller.

PARASELENE
Par`a*se*le"ne, n.; pl. Paraselenæ. Etym: [NL., from Gr. parasélène.]
(Meteor.)

Defn: A mock moon; an image of the moon which sometimes appears at the point of intersection of two lunar halos. Cf. Parhelion.

PARASHAH
Par"a*shah, n.; pl. -shoth (#) or -shioth (#). [Heb. parashah.]

Defn: A lesson from the Torah, or Law, from which at least one section is read in the Jewish synagogue on every Sabbath and festival.

PARASHOTH
Par"a*shoth, n.;

Defn: pl. of Parashah.

PARASITA Par`a*si"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.) (a) An artificial group formerly made for parasitic insects, as lice, ticks, mites, etc. (b) A division of copepod Crustacea, having a sucking mouth, as the lerneans. They are mostly parasites on fishes. Called also Siphonostomata.

PARASITAL
Par"a*si`tal, a. (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to parasites; parasitic.

PARASITE
Par"a*site, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. parasitus, Gr.

1. One who frequents the tables of the rich, or who lives at another's expense, and earns his welcome by flattery; a hanger-on; a toady; a sycophant. Thou, with trembling fear, Or like a fawning parasite, obey'st. Milton. Parasites were called such smell-feasts as would seek to be free guests at rich men's tables. Udall.

2. (Bot.) (a) A plant obtaining nourishment immediately from other plants to which it attaches itself, and whose juices it absorbs; — sometimes, but erroneously, called epiphyte. (b) A plant living on or within an animal, and supported at its expense, as many species of fungi of the genus Torrubia.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) An animal which lives during the whole or part of its existence on or in the body of some other animal, feeding upon its food, blood, or tissues, as lice, tapeworms, etc. (b) An animal which steals the food of another, as the parasitic jager. (c) An animal which habitually uses the nest of another, as the cowbird and the European cuckoo.

PARASITIC; PARASITICAL Par`a*sit"ic, Par`a*sit"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. parasiticus, Gr. parasitique.]

1. Of the nature of a parasite; fawning for food or favors; sycophantic. "Parasitic preachers." Milton.

2. (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to parasites; living on, or deriving nourishment from, some other living animal or plant. See Parasite, 2 & 3. Parasitic gull, Parasitic jager. (Zoöl.) See Jager. — Par`a*sit"ic*al*ly, adv. — Par`a*sit"ic*al*ness, n.

PARASITICIDE
Par`a*sit"i*cide, n. Etym: [Parasite + L. caedere to kill.]

Defn: Anything used to destroy parasites. Quain.

PARASITISM
Par"a*si`tism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. parasitisme.]

1. The state or behavior of a parasite; the act of a parasite. "Court parasitism." Milton.

2. (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: The state of being parasitic.

PARASOL
Par"a*sol`, n. Etym: [F., fr. Sp. or Pg. parasol, or It. parasole;
It. parare to ward off, Sp. & Pg. parar (L. parare to prepare) + It.
sole sun, Sp. & Pg. sol (L. sol). See Parry, Solar.]

Defn: A kind of small umbrella used by women as a protection from the sun.

PARASOL
Par"a*sol`, v. t.

Defn: To shade as with a parasol. [R.]

PARASOLETTE
Par`a*sol*ette", n.

Defn: A small parasol.

PARASPHENOID
Par`a*sphe"noid, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + sphenoid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Near the sphenoid bone; — applied especially to a bone situated immediately beneath the sphenoid in the base of the skull in many animals. — n.

Defn: The parasphenoid bone.

PARASTICHY
Pa*ras"ti*chy, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A secondary spiral in phyllotaxy, as one of the evident spirals in a pine cone.

PARASYNAXIS
Par`a*syn*ax"is, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Civil Law)

Defn: An unlawful meeting.

PARASYNTHETIC
Par`a*syn*thet"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Para-, and Synthetic.]

Defn: Formed from a compound word. "Parasynthetic derivatives." Dr.
Murray.

PARATACTIC
Par`a*tac"tic, a. (Gram.)

Defn: Of pertaining to, or characterized by, parataxis.

PARATAXIS
Par`a*tax"is, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: The mere ranging of propositions one after another, without indicating their connection or interdependence; — opposed to syntax. Brande & C.

PARATHESIS
Pa*rath"e*sis, n.; pl. Paratheses. Etym: [NL., from Gr.

1. (Gram.)

Defn: The placing of two or more nouns in the same case; apposition.

2. (Rhet.)

Defn: A parenthetical notice, usually of matter to be afterward expanded. Smart.

3. (Print.)

Defn: The matter contained within brackets.

4. (Eccl.)

Defn: A commendatory prayer. Shipley.

PARATHETIC
Par`a*thet"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to parathesis.

PARATONNERRE Pa`ra`ton`nerre", n. Etym: [F., fr. parer to parry + tonnerre thunderbolt.]

Defn: A conductor of lightning; a lightning rod.

PARAUNTER
Par*aun"ter, adv. Etym: [Par + aunter.]

Defn: Peradventure. See Paraventure. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARAUQUE
Pa*rauque", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bird (Nyctidromus albicollis) ranging from Texas to South
America. It is allied to the night hawk and goatsucker.

PARAVAIL
Par`a*vail", a. Etym: [OF. par aval below; par through (L. per) +
aval down; a- (L. ad) + val (L. vallis) a valley. Cf. Paramount.]
(Eng. Law)

Defn: At the bottom; lowest. Cowell.

Note: In feudal law, the tenant paravail is the lowest tenant of the fee, or he who is immediate tenant to one who holds over of another. Wharton.

PARAVANT; PARAVANT
Par"a*vant`, Par"a*vant`, adv. Etym: [OF. par avant. See Par, and lst
Avaunt.]

1. In front; publicly. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. Beforehand; first. [Obs.] Spenser.

PARAVENTURE
Par`a*ven"ture, adv. Etym: [Par + aventure.]

Defn: Peradventure; perchance. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARAXANTHIN
Par`a*xan"thin, n. Etym: [Pref. Para- + xanthin.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A crystalline substance closely related to xanthin, present in small quantity in urine.

PARAXIAL
Par*ax"i*al, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + axial.] (Anat.)

Defn: On either side of the axis of the skeleton.

PARAXYLENE
Par`a*xy"lene, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon of the aromatic series obtained as a colorless liquid by the distillation of camphor with zinc chloride. It is one of the three metamers of xylene. Cf. Metamer, and Xylene.

PARBOIL Par"boil`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Parboiled; p. pr. & vb. n. Parboiling.] Etym: [OE. parboilen, OF. parbouillir to cook well; par through (see Par) + bouillir to boil, L. bullire. The sense has been influenced by E. part. See lst Boil.]

1. To boil or cook thoroughly. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. To boil in part; to cook partially by boiling.

PARBREAK
Par"break`, v. i. & t. Etym: [Par + break.]

Defn: To throw out; to vomit. [Obs.] Skelton.

PARBREAK
Par"break`, n.

Defn: Vomit. [Obs.] Spenser.

PARBUCKLE Par"buc`kle, n. (a) A kind of purchase for hoisting or lowering a cylindrical burden, as a cask. The middle of a long rope is made fast aloft, and both parts are looped around the object, which rests in the loops, and rolls in them as the ends are hauled up or payed out. (b) A double sling made of a single rope, for slinging a cask, gun, etc.

PARBUCKLE
Par"buc`kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Parbuckled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Parbuckling.]

Defn: To hoist or lower by means of a parbuckle. Totten.

PARCAE
Par"cæ, n. pl. Etym: [L.]

Defn: The Fates. See Fate, 4.

PARCASE
Par*case", adv. Etym: [Par + case.]

Defn: Perchance; by chance. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARCEL Par"cel, n. Etym: [F. parcelle a small part, fr. (assumed) LL. particella, dim. of L. pars. See Part, n., and cf. Particle.]

1. A portion of anything taken separately; a fragment of a whole; a part. [Archaic] "A parcel of her woe." Chaucer. Two parcels of the white of an egg. Arbuthnot. The parcels of the nation adopted different forms of self-government. J. A. Symonds.

2. (Law)

Defn: A part; a portion; a piece; as, a certain piece of land is part and parcel of another piece.

3. An indiscriminate or indefinite number, measure, or quantity; a collection; a group. This youthful parcel Of noble bachelors stand at my disposing. Shak.

4. A number or quantity of things put up together; a bundle; a package; a packet. 'Tis like a parcel sent you by the stage. Cowper. Bill of parcels. See under 6th Bill. — Parcel office, an office where parcels are received for keeping or forwarding and delivery. — Parcel post, that department of the post office concerned with the collection and transmission of parcels. — Part and parcel. See under Part.

PARCEL
Par"cel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Parceled or Parcelled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Parceling or Parcelling.]

1. To divide and distribute by parts or portions; — often with out or into. "Their woes are parceled, mine are general." Shak. These ghostly kings would parcel out my power. Dryden. The broad woodland parceled into farms. Tennyson.

2. To add a parcel or item to; to itemize. [R.] That mine own servant should Parcel the sum of my disgraces by Addition of his envy. Shak.

3. To make up into a parcel; as, to parcel a customer's purchases; the machine parcels yarn, wool, etc. To parcel a rope (Naut.), to wind strips of tarred canvas tightly arround it. Totten. — To parcel a seam (Naut.), to cover it with a strip of tarred canvas.

PARCEL
Par"cel, a. & adv.

Defn: Part or half; in part; partially. Shak. [Sometimes hyphened
with the word following.]
The worthy dame was parcel-blind. Sir W. Scott.
One that . . . was parcel-bearded [partially bearded]. Tennyson.
Parcel poet, a half poet; a poor poet. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

PARCELING
Par"cel*ing, n. Etym: [Written also parcelling.]

1. The act of dividing and distributing in portions or parts.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: Long, narrow slips of canvas daubed with tar and wound about a rope like a bandage, before it is served; used, also, in mousing on the stayes, etc.

PARCEL-MELE
Par"cel-mele`, adv. Etym: [See Parcel, and Meal a part.]

Defn: By parcels or parts. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARCEL POST
Par"cel post.

Defn: That branch of the post office having to do with the collection, transmission, and delivery of parcels. The British Inland Parcel Post was established in 1883. The present rates, dating from 1897, are 3d. for parcels not exceeding one pound and 1d. for each additional pound up to the limit of 10 pounds. A general parcel post was established in the United States by Act of August 24, 1912, which took effect Jan. 1, 1913. Parcels must not exceed 11 pounds in weight nor 72 inches in length and girth combined. Provision is made from insuring parcels up to $50.00, and also for sending parcels C.O.D. The rates of postage vary with the distance. See Zone, below.

PARCENARY
Par"ce*na*ry, n. Etym: [See Parcener, partner.] (Law)

Defn: The holding or occupation of an inheritable estate which descends from the ancestor to two or more persons; coheirship.

Note: It differs in many respects from joint tenancy, which is created by deed or devise. In the United States there is no essential distinction between parcenary and tenancy in common. Wharton. Kent.

PARCENER Par"ce*ner, n. Etym: [Of. paronnier, parsonnier, fr. parzon, par, parcion, part, portion, fr. L. partitio a division. See Partition, and cf. Partner.] (Law)

Defn: A coheir, or one of two or more persons to whom an estate of inheritance descends jointly, and by whom it is held as one estate.

PARCH
Parch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Parched; p. pr. & vb. n. Parching.] Etym:
[OE. perchen to pierce, hence used of a piercing heat or cold, OF.
perchier, another form of percier, F. percer. See Pierce.]

1. To burn the surface of; to scorch; to roast over the fire, as dry grain; as, to parch the skin; to parch corn. Ye shall eat neither bread, nor parched corn. Lev. xxiii. 14.

2. To dry to extremity; to shrivel with heat; as, the mouth is parched from fever. The ground below is parched. Dryden.

PARCH
Parch, v. i.

Defn: To become scorched or superficially burnt; to be very dry.
"Parch in Afric sun." Shak.

PARCHEDNESS
Parch"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being parched.

PARCHEESI
Par*chee"si, n.

Defn: See Pachisi.

PARCHESI
Par*che"si, n.

Defn: See Pachisi.

PARCHING
Parch"ing, a.

Defn: Scorching; burning; drying. "Summer's parching heat." Shak.
— Parch"ing*ly, adv.

PARCHMENT Parch"ment, n. Etym: [OE. parchemin, perchemin, F. parchemin, LL. pergamenum, L. pergamena, pergamina, fr. L. Pergamenus of or belonging to Pergamus an ancient city of Mysia in Asia Minor, where parchment was first used.]

1. The skin of a lamb, sheep, goat, young calf, or other animal, prepared for writing on. See Vellum. But here's a parchment with the seal of Cæsar. Shak.

2. The envelope of the coffee grains, inside the pulp. Parchment paper. See Papyrine.

PARCHMENTIZE
Parch"ment*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. -ized; p. pr. & vb. n. -izing.]

Defn: To convert to a parchmentlike substance, esp. by sulphuric acid.

PARCITY
Par"ci*ty, n. Etym: [L. parcitas, fr. parcus sparing.]

Defn: Sparingless. [Obs.]

PARCLOSE
Par"close, n. Etym: [OF. See Perclose.] (Eccl. Arch.)

Defn: A screen separating a chapel from the body of the church.
[Written also paraclose and perclose.] Hook.

PARD
Pard, n. Etym: [L. pardus, Gr. p tiger, panther.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A leopard; a panther.
And more pinch-spotted make them Than pard or cat o'mountain. Shak.

PARDALE
Par"dale, n. Etym: [L. pardalis, Gr. Pard.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A leopard. [Obs.] Spenser.

PARDE; PARDIE
Par*de", Par*die", adv. or interj. Etym: [F. pardi, for par Dieu by
God.]

Defn: Certainly; surely; truly; verily; — originally an oath.
[Written also pardee, pardieux, perdie, etc.] [Obs.]
He was, parde, an old fellow of yours. Chaucer.

PARDINE
Par"dine, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Spotted like a pard. Pardine lynx (Zoöl.), a species of lynx (Felis pardina) inhabiting Southern Europe. Its color is rufous, spotted with black.

PARDO
Par"do, n. Etym: [Pg. pardao, fr. Skr. pratapa splendor, majesty.]

Defn: A money of account in Goa, India, equivalent to about 2s. 6d. sterling. or 60 cts.

PARDON
Par"don, n. Etym: [F., fr. pardonner to pardon. See Pardon, v. t.]

1. The act of pardoning; forgiveness, as of an offender, or of an offense; release from penalty; remission of punishment; absolution. Pardon, my lord, for me and for my tidings. Shak. But infinite in pardon was my judge. Milton. Used in expressing courteous denial or contradiction; as, I crave your pardon; or in indicating that one has not understood another; as, I beg pardon.

2. An official warrant of remission of penalty. Sign me a present pardon for my brother. Shak.

3. The state of being forgiven. South.

4. (Law)

Defn: A release, by a sovereign, or officer having jurisdiction, from the penalties of an offense, being distinguished from amenesty, which is a general obliteration and canceling of a particular line of past offenses.

Syn.
— Forgiveness; remission. See Forgiveness.

PARDON
Par"don, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pardoned; p. pr. & vb. n. Pardoning.]
Etym: [Either fr. pardon, n., or from F. pardonner, LL. perdonare; L.
per through, thoroughly, perfectly + donare to give, to present. See
Par-, and Donation.]

1. To absolve from the consequences of a fault or the punishment of crime; to free from penalty; — applied to the offender. In this thing the Lord pardon thy servant. 2 Kings v. 18. I pray you, pardon me; pray heartily, pardom me. Shak.

2. To remit the penalty of; to suffer to pass without punishment; to forgive; — applied to offenses. I pray thee, pardon my sin. 1 S Apollo, pardon My great profaneness 'gainst thine oracle Shak.

3. To refrain from exacting as a penalty. I pardon thee thy life before thou ask it. Shak.

4. To give leave (of departure) to. [Obs.] Even now about it! I will pardon you. Shak. Pardon me, forgive me; excuse me; — a phrase used also to express courteous denial or contradiction.

Syn.
— To forgive; absolve; excuse; overlook; remit; asquit. See Excuse.

PARDON; REMISSION
Pardon,

Syn: remission.

Defn: — Forgiveness, Pardon. Forgiveness is Anglo-Saxon, and pardon Norman French, both implying a giving back. The word pardon, being early used in our Bible, has, in religious matters, the same sense as forgiveness; but in the language of common life there is a difference between them, such as we often find between corresponding Anglo-Saxon and Norman words. Forgive points to inward feeling, and suppose alienated affection; when we ask forgiveness, we primarily seek the removal of anger. Pardon looks more to outward things or consequences, and is often applied to trifling matters, as when we beg pardon for interrupting a man, or for jostling him in a crowd. The civil magistrate also grants a pardon, and not forgiveness. The two words are, therefore, very clearly distinguished from each other in most cases which relate to the common concerns of life.

PARDONABLE
Par"don*a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pardonnable.]

Defn: Admitting of pardon; not requiring the excution of penalty; venial; excusable; — applied to the offense or to the offender; as, a pardonable fault, or culprit.

PARDONABLENESS
Par"don*a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being pardonable; as, the pardonableness of sin. Bp. Hall.

PARDONABLY
Par"don*a*bly, adv.

Defn: In a manner admitting of pardon; excusably. Dryden.

PARDONER
Par"don*er, n.

1. One who pardons. Shak.

2. A seller of indulgences. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARDONING
Par"don*ing, a.

Defn: Relating to pardon; having or exercising the right to pardon; willing to pardon; merciful; as, the pardoning power; a pardoning God.

PARE Pare, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pared; p. pr. & vb. n. Paring.] Etym: [F. parer to pare, as a horse's hoofs, to dress or curry, as, leather, to clear, as anchors or cables, to parry, ward off, fr. L. parare to prepare. Cf. Empire, Parade, Pardon, Parry, Prepare.]

1. To cut off, or shave off, the superficial substance or extremities of; as, to pare an apple; to pare a horse's hoof.

2. To remove; to separate; to cut or shave, as the skin, ring, or outside part, from anything; — followed by off or away; as; to pare off the ring of fruit; to pare away redundancies.

3. Fig.: To diminish the bulk of; to reduce; to lessen. The king began to pare a little the privilege of clergy. Bacon.

PAREGORIC
Par`e*gor"ic a. Etym: [L. paregoricus, Gr. parégorique. See
Allegory.]

Defn: Mitigating; assuaging or soothing pain; as, paregoric elixir.

PAREGORIC
Par`e*gor"ic, n. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine that mitigates pain; an anodyne; specifically, camphorated tincture of opium; — called also paregoric elexir.

PARELCON
Pa*rel"con, n. Etym: [Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: The addition of a syllable or particle to the end of a pronoun, verb, or adverb.

PARELECTRONOMIC
Par`e*lec`tro*nom"ic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Of or relating to parelectronomy; as, the parelectronomic part of a muscle.

PARELECTRONOMY
Par*e`lec*tron"o*my, n. Etym: [Pref. para- + electro- + Gr.
(Physiol.)

Defn: A condition of the muscles induced by exposure to severe cold, in which the electrical action of the muscle is reversed.

PARELLA; PARELLE Pa*rel"la, Pa`relle, n. Etym: [Cf. F. parelle.] (Bot.) (a) A name for two kinds of dock (Rumex Patientia and R. Hydrolapathum). (b) A kind of lichen (Lecanora parella) once used in dyeing and in the preparation of litmus.

PAREMBOLE
Pa*rem"bo*le (, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. Para-, and Embolus.] (Rhet.)

Defn: A kind of parenthesis.

PAREMENT
Pare"ment, n.

Defn: See Parament. [Obs.]

PAREMPTOSIS
Par`emp*to"sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr.

Defn: Same as Parembole.

PARENCHYMA
Pa*ren"chy*ma, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. parenchyme.] (Biol.)

Defn: The soft celluar substance of the tissues of plants and animals, like the pulp of leaves, to soft tissue of glands, and the like.

PARENCHYMAL
Pa*ren"chy*mal, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or consisting of, parenchyma.

PARENCHYMATOUS; PARENCHYMOUS Par`en*chym"a*tous, Pa*ren"chy*mous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. parenchymateux.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or connected with, the parenchyma of a tissue or an organ; as, parenchymatous degeneration.

PARENESIS
Pa*ren"e*sis, n. Etym: [L. paraenesis, Gr.

Defn: Exhortation. [R.]

PARENETIC; PARENETIOAL
Par`e*net"ic, Par`e*net"io*al, a. Etym: [Gr. parénétique.]

Defn: Hortatory; encouraging; persuasive. [R.] F. Potter.

PARENT Par"ent, n. Etym: [L. parens, -entis; akin to parere to bring forth; cf. Gr. parent. Cf. Part.]

1. One who begets, or brings forth, offspring; a father or a mother. Children, obey your parents in the Lord. Eph. vi. 1.

2. That which produces; cause; source; author; begetter; as, idleness is the parent of vice. Regular industry is the parent of sobriety. Channing. Parent cell. (Biol.) See Mother cell, under Mother, also Cytula. — Parent nucleus (Biol.), a nucleus which, in cell division, divides, and gives rise to two or more daughter nuclei. See Karyokinesis, and Cell division, under Division.

PARENTAGE
Par"ent*age, n. Etym: [Cf. F. parentage relationship.]

Defn: Descent from parents or ancestors; parents or ancestors considered with respect to their rank or character; extraction; birth; as, a man of noble parentage. "Wilt thou deny thy parentage" Shak. Though men esteem thee low of parentage. Milton.

PARENTAL
Pa*ren"tal, a. Etym: [L. parentalis.]

1. Of or pertaining to a parent or to parents; as, parental authority; parental obligations.

2. Becoming to, or characteristic of, parents; tender; affectionate; devoted; as, parental care. The careful course and parental provision of nature. Sir T. Browne.

PARENTALLY
Pa*ren"tal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a parental manner.

PARENTATION Par`en*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. parentatio, fr. parentare to offer a solemn sacrifice in honor of deceased parents. See Parent.]

Defn: Something done or said in honor of the dead; obsequies. [Obs.]
Abp. Potter.

PARENTELE
Par"en`tele`, n. Etym: [F. parentèle, L. parentela.]

Defn: Kinship; parentage. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARENTHESIS Pa*ren"the*sis, n.; pl. Parentheses. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Para-, En-, 2, and Thesis.]

1. A word, phrase, or sentence, by way of comment or explanation, inserted in, or attached to, a sentence which would be grammatically complete without it. It is usually inclosed within curved lines (see def. 2 below), or dashes. "Seldom mentioned without a derogatory parenthesis." Sir T. Browne. Don't suffer every occasional thought to carry you away into a long parenthesis. Watts.

2. (Print.)

Defn: One of the curved lines which inclose a parenthetic word or phrase.

Note: Parenthesis, in technical grammar, is that part of a sentence which is inclosed within the recognized sign; but many phrases and sentences which are punctuated by commas are logically parenthetical. In def. 1, the phrase "by way of comment or explanation" is inserted for explanation, and the sentence would be grammatically complete without it. The present tendency is to avoid using the distinctive marks, except when confusion would arise from a less conspicuous separation.

PARENTHESIZE
Pa*ren"the*size, v. t.

Defn: To make a parenthesis of; to include within parenthetical marks. Lowell.

PARENTHETIC; PARENTHETICAL
Par`en*thet"ic, Par`en*thet"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. Gr.

1. Of the nature of a parenthesis; pertaining to, or expressed in, or as in, a parenthesis; as, a parenthetical clause; a parenthetic remark. A parenthetical observation of Moses himself. Hales.

2. Using or containing parentheses.

PARENTHETICALLY
Par`en*thet"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a parenthetical manner; by way of parenthesis; by parentheses.

PARENTHOOD
Par"ent*hood, n.

Defn: The state of a parent; the office or character of a parent.

PARENTICIDE Pa*ren"ti*cide, n. Etym: [L. parenticida a parricide; parens parent + caedere to kill.]

1. The act of one who kills one's own parent. [R.]

2. One who kills one's own parent; a parricide. [R.]

PARENTLESS
Par"ent*less, a.

Defn: Deprived of parents.

PAREPIDIDYMIS
Par*ep`i*did"y*mis, n. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and Epididymis.] (Anat.)

Defn: A small body containing convoluted tubules, situated near the epididymis in man and some other animals, and supposed to be a remnant of the anterior part of the Wolffian body.

PARER
Par"er, n. Etym: [From Pare, v. t.]

Defn: One who, or that which, pares; an instrument for paring.

PARERGON
Pa*rer"gon, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: See Parergy.

PARERGY
Par"er*gy, n. Etym: [L. parergon, Gr.

Defn: Something unimportant, incidental, or superfluous. [Obs.] Sir
T. Browne.

PARESIS
Par"e*sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Incomplete paralysis, affecting motion but not sensation.

PARETHMOID
Par*eth"moid, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + ethmoid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Near or beside the ethmoid bone or cartilage; — applied especially to a pair of bones in the nasal region of some fishes, and to the ethmoturbinals in some higher animals. — n.

Defn: A parethmoid bone.

PARETIC
Pa*ret"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to paresis; affected with paresis.

PARFAY
Par*fay", interj. Etym: [Par + fay.]

Defn: By my faith; verily. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARFIT
Par"fit, a.

Defn: Perfect. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARFITLY
Par"fit*ly, adv.

Defn: Perfectly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARFLECHE
Par*fleche", n. [Prob. through Canadian F. fr. Amer. Indian.]

Defn: A kind of rawhide consisting of hide, esp. of the buffalo, which has been soaked in crude wood-ash lye to remove the hairs, and then dried.

PARFOCAL
Par*fo"cal, a. [Pari- + focal.] (Opt.)

Defn: With the lower focal points all in the same plane; — said of sets of eyepieces so mounted that they may be interchanged without varying the focus of the instrument (as a microscope or telescope) with which they are used.

PARFORN; PARFOURN
Par*forn", Par*fourn", v. t.

Defn: To perform. [Obs.] Chaucer. Piers Plowman.

PARGASITE
Par"gas*ite, n. Etym: [So called from Pargas, in Finland.] (Min.)

Defn: A dark green aluminous variety of amphibole, or hornblende.

PARGEBOARD
Parge"board`, n.

Defn: See Bargeboard.

PARGET
Par"get, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pargeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Pargeting.]
Etym: [OE. pargeten, also spargeten, sparchen; of uncertain origin.]

1. To coat with parget; to plaster, as walls, or the interior of flues; as, to parget the outside of their houses. Sir T. Herbert. The pargeted ceiling with pendants. R. L. Stevenson.

2. To paint; to cover over. [Obs.]

PARGET
Par"get, v. i.

1. To lay on plaster.

2. To paint, as the face. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

PARGET
Par"get, n.

1. Gypsum or plaster stone.

2. Plaster, as for lining the interior of flues, or for stuccowork. Knight.

3. Paint, especially for the face. [Obs.] Drayton.

PARGETER
Par"get*er, n.

Defn: A plasterer. Johnson.

PARGETING
Par"get*ing, n. Etym: [Written also pargetting.]

Defn: Plasterwork; esp.: (a) A kind of decorative plasterwork in raised ornamental figures, formerly used for the internal and external decoration of houses. (b) In modern architecture, the plastering of the inside of flues, intended to give a smooth surface and help the draught.

PARGETORY
Par"get*o*ry, n.

Defn: Something made of, or covered with, parget, or plaster. [Obs.]
Milton.

PARHELIC
Par*he"lic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to parhelia.

PARHELION
Par*hel"ion, n.; pl. Parhelia. Etym: [L. parelion, Gr.

Defn: A mock sun appearing in the form of a bright light, sometimes near the sun, and tinged with colors like the rainbow, and sometimes opposite to the sun. The latter is usually called an anthelion. Often several mock suns appear at the same time. Cf. Paraselene.

PARHELIUM
Par*he"li*um, n.

Defn: See Parhelion.

PARI-
Par"i-. Etym: [L. par, paris, equal.]

Defn: A combining form signifying equal; as, paridigitate, paripinnate.

PARIAH Pa"ri*ah, n. Etym: [From Tamil paraiyan, pl. paraiyar, one of the low caste, fr. parai a large drum, because they beat the drums at certain festivals.]

1. One of an aboriginal people of Southern India, regarded by the four castes of the Hindoos as of very low grade. They are usually the serfs of the Sudra agriculturalists. See Caste. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

2. An outcast; one despised by society. Pariah dog (Zoöl.), a mongrel race of half-wild dogs which act as scavengers in Oriental cities. — Pariah kite (Zoöl.), a species of kite (Milvus govinda) which acts as a scavenger in India.

PARIAL
Pa*ri"al, n.

Defn: See Pair royal, under Pair, n.

PARIAN
Pa"ri*an, a. Etym: [L. Parius.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Paros, an island in the Ægean Sea noted for its excellent statuary marble; as, Parian marble. Parian chronicle, a most ancient chronicle of the city of Athens, engraved on marble in the Isle of Paros, now among the Arundelian marbles.

PARIAN
Pa"ri*an, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Paros.

2. A ceramic ware, resembling unglazed porcelain biscuit, of which are made statuettes, ornaments, etc.

PARIDIGITATA
Par`i*dig`i*ta"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pari-, and Digitate.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Artiodactyla.

PARIDIGITATE
Par`i*dig"i*tate, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Having an evennumber of digits on the hands or the feet. Qwen.

PARIES
Pa"ri*es, n.; pl. Parietes. Etym: [See Parietes.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The triangular middle part of each segment of the shell of a barnacle.

PARIETAL
Pa*ri"e*tal, a. Etym: [L. parietalis, fr. paries, -ietis, a wall: cf.
F. pariétal. Cf. Parietary, Pellitory.]

1. Of or pertaining to a wall; hence, pertaining to buildings or the care of them.

2. Resident within the walls or buildings of a college. At Harvard College, the officers resident within the college walls constitute a permanent standing committee, called the Parietal Committee. B. H. Hall (1856).

3. (Anat.) (a) Of pertaining to the parietes. (b) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the parietal bones, which form the upper and middle part of the cranium, between the frontals and occipitals.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: Attached to the main wall of the ovary, and not to the axis; — said of a placenta.

PARIETAL
Pa*ri"e*tal, n.

1. (Anat.)

Defn: One of the parietal bones.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the special scales, or plates, covering the back of the head in certain reptiles and fishes.

PARIETARY
Pa*ri"e*ta*ry, a.

Defn: See Parietal, 2.

PARIETARY
Pa*ri"e*ta*ry, n. Etym: [L. parietaria, fr. parietarius parietal. Cf.
Pellitory, Parietal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Any one of several species of Parietaria. See 1st Pellitory.

PARIETES
Pa*ri"e*tes, n. pl. Etym: [L. paries a wall.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The walls of a cavity or an organ; as, the abdominal parietes; the parietes of the cranium.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The sides of an ovary or of a capsule.

PARIETIC
Pa`ri*et"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in the lichen
Parmelia parietina, and called also chrysophanic acid.

PARIETINE Pa*ri"e*tine, n. Etym: [L. parietinus parietal: cf. parietinae ruined walls.]

Defn: A piece of a fallen wall; a ruin. [Obs.] Burton.

PARIETO-
Pa*ri"e*to- (. (Anat.)

Defn: A combining form used to indicate connection with, or relation to, the parietal bones or the parietal segment of the skull; as, the parieto-mastoid suture.

PARIGENIN
Pa*rig"e*nin, n. Etym: [Parillin + -gen + -in.] (Chem.)

Defn: A curdy white substance, obtained by the decomposition of parillin.

PARILLIN
Pa*ril"lin, n. Etym: [Shortened fr. sarsaparillin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside resembling saponin, found in the root of sarsaparilla, smilax, etc., and extracted as a bitter white crystalline substance; — called also smilacin, sarsaparilla saponin, and sarsaparillin.

PARING
Par"ing, n. Etym: [From Pare, v. t.]

1. The act of cutting off the surface or extremites of anything.

2. That which is pared off. Pope. Pare off the surface of the earth, and with the parings raise your hills. Mortimer.

PARIPINNATE
Par`i*pin"nate, a. Etym: [Pari- + pinnate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Pinnate with an equal number of leaflets on each side; having no odd leaflet at the end.

PARIS
Par"is, n. Etym: [From Paris, the son of Priam.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant common in Europe (Paris quadrifolia); herb Paris; truelove. It has been used as a narcotic.

Note: It much resembles the American genus Trillium, but has usually four leaves and a tetramerous flower.

PARIS
Par"is, n.

Defn: The chief city of France. Paris green. See under Green, n.
— Paris white (Chem.), purified chalk used as a pigment; whiting;
Spanish white.

PARISH
Par"ish, n. Etym: [OE. parishe, paresche, parosche, OF. paroisse,
parosse, paroiche, F. paroisse, L. parochia, corrupted fr. paroecia,
Gr. vicus village. See Vicinity, and cf. Parochial.]

1. (Eccl. & Eng. Law) (a) That circuit of ground committed to the charge of one parson or vicar, or other minister having cure of souls therein. Cowell. (b) The same district, constituting a civil jurisdiction, with its own officers and regulations, as respects the poor, taxes, etc.

Note: Populous and extensive parishes are now divided, under various parliamentary acts, into smaller ecclesiastical districts for spiritual purposes. Mozley & W.

2. An ecclesiastical society, usually not bounded by territorial limits, but composed of those persons who choose to unite under the charge of a particular priest, clergyman, or minister; also, loosely, the territory in which the members of a congregation live. [U. S.]

3. In Louisiana, a civil division corresponding to a county in other States.

PARISH
Par"ish, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a parish; parochial; as, a parish church; parish records; a parish priest; maintained by the parish; as, parish poor. Dryden. Parish clerk. (a) The clerk or recording officer of a parish. (b) A layman who leads in the responses and otherwise assists in the service of the Church of England. — Parish court, in Louisiana, a court in each parish.

PARISHEN
Par"ish*en, n.

Defn: A parishioner. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARISHIONAL
Pa*rish"ion*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a parish; parochial. [R.] Bp. Hall.

PARISHIONER
Pa*rish"ion*er, n. Etym: [F. paroissien, LL. parochianus.]

Defn: One who belongs to, or is connected with, a parish.

PARISIAN
Pa*ri"sian, n. Etym: [Cf. F. parisen.]

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Paris, the capital of France.

PARISIAN
Pa*ri"sian, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Paris.

PARISIENNE
Pa`ri`si`enne", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A female native or resident of Paris.

PARISOLOGY
Par`i*sol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The use of equivocal or ambiguous words. [R.]

PARISYLLABIC; PARISYLLABICAL Par`i*syl*lab"ic, Par`i*syl*lab"ic*al, a. Etym: [Pari- + syllabic, - ical: cf. F. parisyllabique.]

Defn: Having the same number of syllables in all its inflections.

PARITOR Par"i*tor, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. apparitor: cf. L. paritor a servant, attendant.]

Defn: An apparitor. "Summoned by an host of paritors." Dryden.

PARITORY
Par"i*to*ry, n.

Defn: Pellitory. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PARITY
Par"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. paritas, fr. par, paris, equal: cf. F. parité.
See Pair, Peer an equal.]

Defn: The quality or condition of being equal or equivalent; A like state or degree; equality; close correspondence; analogy; as, parity of reasoning. "No parity of principle." De Quincey. Equality of length and parity of numeration. Sir T. Browne.

PARK Park, n. Etym: [AS. pearroc, or perh. rather fr. F. parc; both being of the same origin; cf. LL. parcus, parricus, Ir. & Gael. pairc, W. park, parwg. Cf. Paddock an inclosure, Parrock.]

1. (Eng. Law)

Defn: A piece of ground inclosed, and stored with beasts of the chase, which a man may have by prescription, or the king's grant. Mozley & W.

2. A tract of ground kept in its natural state, about or adjacent to a residence, as for the preservation of game, for walking, riding, or the like. Chaucer. While in the park I sing, the listening deer Attend my passion, and forget to fear. Waller.

3. A piece of ground, in or near a city or town, inclosed and kept for ornament and recreation; as, Hyde Park in London; Central Park in New York.

4. (Mil.)

Defn: A space occupied by the animals, wagons, pontoons, and materials of all kinds, as ammunition, ordnance stores, hospital stores, provisions, etc., when brought together; also, the objects themselves; as, a park of wagons; a park of artillery.

5. A partially inclosed basin in which oysters are grown. [Written also parc.] Park of artillery. See under Artillery. — Park phaeton, a small, low carriage, for use in parks.

PARK
Park, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Parked; p. pr. & vb. n. Parking.]

1. To inclose in a park, or as in a park. How are we parked, and bounded in a pale. Shak.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: To bring together in a park, or compact body; as, to park the artillery, the wagons, etc.

PARKA; PARKEE Par"ka, Par"kee, n. [Russ. parka, parki, dim. of para a pair, fr. G. paar, L. par. Cf. Pair.]

Defn: An outer garment made of the skins of birds or mammals, worn by
Eskimos, etc.

PARKER
Park"er, n

Defn: , The keeper of a park. Sir M. Hale.

PARKERIA Par*ke"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL. So named from W. K. Parker, a British zoölogist.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of large arenaceous fossil Foraminifera found in the Cretaceous rocks. The species are globular, or nearly so, and are of all sizes up to that of a tennis ball.

PARKESINE
Parkes"ine, n. Etym: [So called from Mr. Parkes, the inventor.]

Defn: A compound, originally made from gun cotton and castor oil, but later from different materials, and used as a substitute for vulcanized India rubber and for ivory; — called also xylotile.

PARKLEAVES
Park"leaves`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A European species of Saint John's-wort; the tutsan. See
Tutsan.

PARLANCE
Par"lance, n. Etym: [OF., fr. F. parler to speak. See Parley.]

Defn: Conversation; discourse; talk; diction; phrase; as, in legal parlance; in common parlance. A hate of gossip parlance and of sway. Tennyson.

PARLANDO; PARLANTE
Par*lan"do, Par*lan"te, a. & adv. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: Speaking; in a speaking or declamatory manner; to be sung or played in the style of a recitative.

PARLE
Parle, v. i. Etym: [F. parler. See Parley.]

Defn: To talk; to converse; to parley. [Obs.] Shak.
Finding himself too weak, began to parle. Milton.

PARLE
Parle, n.

Defn: Conversation; talk; parley. [Obs.]
They ended parle, and both addressed for fight. Milton.

PARLEY
Par"ley, n.; pl. Parleys. Etym: [F. parler speech, talk, fr. parler
to speak, LL. parabolare, fr. L. parabola a comparison, parable, in
LL., a word. See Parable, and cf. Parliament, Parlor.]

Defn: Mutual discourse or conversation; discussion; hence, an oral conference with an enemy, as with regard to a truce. We yield on parley, but are stormed in vain. Dryden. To beat a parley (Mil.), to beat a drum, or sound a trumpet, as a signal for holding a conference with the enemy.

PARLEY
Par"ley, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Parleyed; p. pr. & vb. n. Parleying.]

Defn: To speak with another; to confer on some point of mutual concern; to discuss orally; hence, specifically, to confer orally with an enemy; to treat with him by words, as on an exchange of prisoners, an armistice, or terms of peace. They are at hand, To parley or to fight; therefore prepare. Shak.

PARLIAMENT Par"lia*ment, n. Etym: [OE. parlement, F. parlement, fr. parler to speak; cf. LL. parlamentum, parliamentum. See Parley.]

1. A parleying; a discussion; a conference. [Obs.] But first they held their parliament. Rom. of R.

2. A formal conference on public affairs; a general council; esp., an assembly of representatives of a nation or people having authority to make laws. They made request that it might be lawful for them to summon a parliament of Gauls. Golding.

3. The assembly of the three estates of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, viz., the lords spiritual, lords temporal, and the representatives of the commons, sitting in the House of Lords and the House of Commons, constituting the legislature, when summoned by the royal authority to consult on the affairs of the nation, and to enact and repeal laws.

Note: Thought the sovereign is a constituting branch of Parliament, the word is generally used to denote the three estates named above.

4. In France, before the Revolution of 1789, one of the several principal judicial courts. Parliament heel, the inclination of a ship when made to careen by shifting her cargo or ballast. — Parliament hinge (Arch.), a hinge with so great a projection from the wall or frame as to allow a door or shutter to swing back flat against the wall. — Long Parliament, Rump Parliament. See under Long, and Rump.

PARLIAMENTAL
Par`lia*men"tal, a.

Defn: Parliamentary. [Obs.]

PARLIAMENTARIAN
Par`lia*men*ta"ri*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Parliament. Wood.

PARLIAMENTARIAN
Par`lia*men*ta"ri*an, n.

1. (Eng. Hist.)

Defn: One who adhered to the Parliament, in opposition to King
Charles I. Walpole.

2. One versed in the rules and usages of Parliament or similar deliberative assemblies; as, an accomplished parliamentarian.

PARLIAMENTARILY
Par`lia*men"ta*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a parliamentary manner.

PARLIAMENTARY
Par`lia*men"ta*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. parlementaire.]

1. Of or pertaining to Parliament; as, parliamentary authority. Bacon.

2. Enacted or done by Parliament; as, a parliamentary act. Sir M. Hale.

3. According to the rules and usages of Parliament or of deliberative bodies; as, a parliamentary motion. Parliamentary agent, a person, usually a solicitor, professionally employed by private parties to explain and recommend claims, bills, etc., under consideration of Parliament. [Eng.] — Parliamentary train, one of the trains which, by act of Parliament, railway companies are required to run for the conveyance of third-class passengers at a reduced rate. [Eng.]

PARLOR
Par"lor, n. Etym: [OE. parlour, parlur, F. parloir, LL. parlatorium.
See Parley.] [Written also parlour.]

Defn: A room for business or social conversation, for the reception of guests, etc. Specifically: (a) The apartment in a monastery or nunnery where the inmates are permitted to meet and converse with each other, or with visitors and friends from without. Piers Plowman. (b) In large private houses, a sitting room for the family and for familiar guests, — a room for less formal uses than the drawing- room. Esp., in modern times, the dining room of a house having few apartments, as a London house, where the dining parlor is usually on the ground floor. (c) Commonly, in the United States, a drawing-room, or the room where visitors are received and entertained.

Note: "In England people who have a drawing-room no longer call it a parlor, as they called it of old and till recently." Fitzed. Hall. Parior car. See Palace car, under Car.

PARLOR MATCH
Par"lor match`.

Defn: A friction match that contains little or no sulphur.

PARLOUS
Par"lous, a. Etym: [For perlous, a contr. fr. perilous.]

1. Attended with peril; dangerous; as, a parlous cough. [Archaic] "A parlous snuffing." Beau. & Fl.

2. Venturesome; bold; mischievous; keen. [Obs.] "A parlous boy." Shak. "A parlous wit." Dryden. — Par"lous*ly, adv. [Obs.] — Par"lous*ness, n. [Obs.]

PARMESAN
Par`me*san", a. Etym: [F. parmesan, It. parmigiano.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Parma in Italy. Parmesan cheese, a kind of cheese of a rich flavor, though from skimmed milk, made in Parma, Italy.

PARNASSIA
Par*nas"si*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of herbs growing in wet places, and having white flowers; grass of Parnassus.

PARNASSIAN
Par*nas"sian, a. Etym: [L. Parnassius.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Parnassus.

PARNASSIAN
Par*nas"sian, n. Etym: [See Parnassus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of butterflies belonging to the genus Parnassius. They inhabit the mountains, both in the Old World and in America.

PARNASSIEN
Par`nas`si`en", n. [F.]

Defn: Same as Parnassian.

PARNASSUS
Par*nas"sus, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Anc. Geog. & Gr. Myth.)

Defn: A mountain in Greece, sacred to Apollo and the Muses, and
famous for a temple of Apollo and for the Castalian spring. Grass of
Parnassus. (Bot.) See under Grass, and Parnassia.
— To climb Parnassus, to write poetry. [Colloq.]

PARNELLISM
Par"nell*ism, n. (Eng. Politics)

Defn: The policy or principles of the Parnellites.

PARNELLITE
Par"nell*ite, n. (Eng. Politics)

Defn: One of the adherents of Charles Stewart Parnell (1846-91) in his advocacy of home rule for Ireland.

PAROCCIPITAL
Par`oc*cip"i*tal, a. Etym: [Pref. para- + occipital.] (Anat.)

Defn: Situated near or beside the occipital condyle or the occipital bone; paramastoid; — applied especially to a process of the skull in some animals.

PAROCHIAL
Pa*ro"chi*al, a. Etym: [LL. parochialis, from L. parochia. See
Parish.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a parish; restricted to a parish; as, parochial duties. "Parochial pastors." Bp. Atterbury. Hence, limited; narrow. "The parochial mind." W. Black.

PAROCHIALISM
Pa*ro"chi*al*ism, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being parochial in form or nature; a system of management peculiar to parishes.

PAROCHIALITY
Pa*ro`chi*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being parochial. [R.] Sir J. Marriot.

PAROCHIALIZE
Pa*ro"chi*al*ize, v. t.

Defn: To render parochial; to form into parishes.

PAROCHIALLY
Pa*ro"chi*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a parochial manner; by the parish, or by parishes. Bp.
Stillingfleet.

PAROCHIAN
Pa*ro"chi*an, a. Etym: [See Parochial, Parishioner.]

Defn: Parochial. [Obs.] "Parochian churches." Bacon.

PAROCHIAN
Pa*ro"chi*an, n. Etym: [LL. parochianus.]

Defn: A parishioner. [Obs.] Ld. Burleigh.

PARODIC; PARODICAL
Pa*rod"ic, Pa*rod"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. parodique.]

Defn: Having the character of parody.
Very paraphrastic, and sometimes parodical. T. Warton.

PARODIST
Par"o*dist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. parodiste.]

Defn: One who writes a parody; one who parodies. Coleridge.

PARODY Par"o*dy, n.; pl. Parodies. Etym: [L. parodia, Gr. parodie. See Para- , and Ode.]

1. A writing in which the language or sentiment of an author is mimicked; especially, a kind of literary pleasantry, in which what is written on one subject is altered, and applied to another by way of burlesque; travesty. The lively parody which he wrote . . . on Dryden's "Hind and Panther" was received with great applause. Macaulay.

2. A popular maxim, adage, or proverb. [Obs.]

PARODY
Par"o*dy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Parodied; p. pr. & vb. n. Parodying.]
Etym: [Cf. F. parodier.]

Defn: To write a parody upon; to burlesque.
I have translated, or rather parodied, a poem of Horace. Pope.

PAROKET
Par"o*ket`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Paroquet.

PAROL
Pa*rol", n. Etym: [See Parole, the same word.]

1. A word; an oral utterance. [Obs.]

2. (Law)

Defn: Oral declaration; word of mouth; also, a writing not under seal. Blackstone.

PAROL
Pa*rol", a.

Defn: Given or done by word of mouth; oral; also, given by a writing not under seal; as, parol evidence. Parol arrest (Law), an arrest in pursuance of a verbal order from a magistrate. — Parol contract (Law), any contract not of record or under seal, whether oral or written; a simple contract. Chitty. Story.

PAROLE
Pa*role", n. Etym: [F. parole. See Parley, and cf. Parol.]

1. A word; an oral utterance. [Obs.]

2. Word of promise; word of honor; plighted faith; especially (Mil.), promise, upon one's faith and honor, to fulfill stated conditions, as not to bear arms against one's captors, to return to custody, or the like. This man had forfeited his military parole. Macaulay.

3. (Mil.)

Defn: A watchword given only to officers of guards; — distinguished from countersign, which is given to all guards.

4. (Law)

Defn: Oral declaration. See lst Parol, 2.

PAROLE
Pa*role", a.

Defn: See 2d Parol.

PAROLE
Pa*role", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paroled; p. pr. & vb. n. Paroling.]
(Mil.)

Defn: To set at liberty on parole; as, to parole prisoners.

PAROMOLOGY
Par`o*mol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. fr. Homologous.] (Rhet.)

Defn: A concession to an adversary in order to strengthen one's own argument.

PARONOMASIA
Par`o*no*ma"si*a, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A play upon words; a figure by which the same word is used in different senses, or words similar in sound are set in opposition to each other, so as to give antithetical force to the sentence; punning. Dryden.

PARONOMASTIC; PARONOMASTICAL
Par`o*no*mas"tic, Par`o*no*mas"tic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to paronomasia; consisting in a play upon words.

PARONOMASY
Par`o*nom"a*sy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. paronomasie.]

Defn: Paronomasia. [R.] B. Jonson.

PARONYCHIA
Par`o*nych"i*a, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A whitlow, or felon. Quincy.

PARONYM
Par"o*nym, n.

Defn: A paronymous word. [Written also paronyme.]

PARONYMOUS
Pa*ron"y*mous, a. Etym: [Gr.

1. Having the same derivation; allied radically; conjugate; — said of certain words, as man, mankind, manhood, etc.

2. Having a similar sound, but different orthography and different meaning; — said of certain words, as al and awl; hair and hare, etc.

PARONYMY
Pa*ron"y*my, n.

Defn: The quality of being paronymous; also, the use of paronymous words.

PAROOPHORON; PAROOEPHORON
Par`o*öph"o*ron, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. Para-) + (Anat.)

Defn: A small mass of tubules near the ovary in some animals, and corresponding with the parepididymis of the male.

PAROQUET Par"o*quet`, n. Etym: [F. perroquet, or Sp. periquito; both prob. orig. meaning, little Peter. See Parrot.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Parrakeet. [Written also paroket, parroquet, and perroquet.] Paroquet auk or auklet (Zoöl.), a small auk (Cyclorrhynchus psittaculus) inhabiting the coast and islands of Alaska. The upper parts are dark slate, under parts white, bill orange red. Called also perroquet auk.

PARORCHIS
Pa*ror"chis, n. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and Orchis.] (Anat.)

Defn: The part of the epididymis; or the corresponding part of the excretory duct of the testicle, which is derived from the Wolffian body.

PAROSTEAL
Pa*ros"te*al, (Physiol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to parostosis; as, parosteal ossification.

PAROSTOSIS
Par`os*to"sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and Ostosis.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Ossification which takes place in purely fibrous tracts; the formation of bone outside of the periosteum.

PAROSTOTIC
Par`os*tot"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to parostosis.

PAROTIC
Pa*rot"ic, a. Etym: [See Parotid.] (Anat.)

Defn: On the side of the auditory capsule; near the external ear.
Parotic region (Zoöl.), the space around the ears.

PAROTID Pa*rot"id, a. Etym: [L. parotis, -idis, Gr. parotide. ] (Anat.) (a) Situated near the ear; — applied especially to the salivary gland near the ear. (b) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the parotid gland. Parotid gland (Anat.), one of the salivary glands situated just in front of or below the ear. It is the largest of the salivary glands in man, and its duct opens into the interior of the mouth opposite the second molar of the upper jaw.

PAROTID
Pa*rot"id, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The parotid gland.

PAROTITIS
Par`o*ti"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Parotid, and -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the parotid glands. Epidemic, or Infectious, parotitis, mumps.

PAROTOID
Par"o*toid, a. Etym: [Parotid + -oid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Resembling the parotid gland; — applied especially to cutaneous glandular elevations above the ear in many toads and frogs. — n.

Defn: A parotoid gland.

PAROUSIA Pa*rou"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Parusia.] (a) The nativity of our Lord. (b) The last day. Shipley.

PAROVARIUM
Par`o*va"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Para-, and Ovarium.] (Anat.)

Defn: A group of tubules, a remnant of the Wolffian body, often found near the ovary or oviduct; the epoöphoron.

PAROXYSM
Par"ox*ysm, n. Etym: [F. paroxysme, Gr.

1. (Med.)

Defn: The fit, attack, or exacerbation, of a disease that occurs at intervals, or has decided remissions or intermissions. Arbuthnot.

2. Any sudden and violent emotion; spasmodic passion or action; a convulsion; a fit. The returning paroxysms of diffidence and despair. South.

PAROXYSMAL
Par`ox*ys"mal, a.

Defn: Of the nature of a paroxysm; characterized or accompanied by paroxysms; as, a paroxysmal pain; paroxysmal temper. — Par`ox*ys"mal*ly, adv.

PAROXYTONE
Par*ox"y*tone, n. Etym: [Gr. a. See Para-, and Oxytone.] (Gr. Gram.)

Defn: A word having an acute accent on the penultimate syllable.

PARQUET
Par*quet", n. Etym: [F. See Parquetry.]

1. A body of seats on the floor of a music hall or theater nearest the orchestra; but commonly applied to the whole lower floor of a theater, from the orchestra to the dress circle; the pit.

2. Same as Parquetry.

PARQUETAGE
Par"quet*age, n.

Defn: See Parquetry.

PARQUET CIRCLE
Parquet circle.

Defn: That part of the lower floor of a theater with seats at the rear of the parquet and beneath the galleries; — called also, esp. in U. S., orchestra circle or parterre.

PARQUETED
Par"quet*ed, a.

Defn: Formed in parquetry; inlaid with wood in small and differently
colored figures.
One room parqueted with yew, which I liked well. Evelyn.

PARQUETRY Par"quet*ry, n. Etym: [F. parqueterie, fr. parquet inlaid flooring, fr. parquet, dim. of parc an inclosure. See Park.]

Defn: A species of joinery or cabinet-work consisting of an inlay of geometric or other patterns, generally of different colors, — used especially for floors.

PARQUETTE
Par*quette", n.

Defn: See Parquet.

PARR Parr, n. Etym: [Cf. Gael. & Ir. bradan a salmon.] (Zoöl.) (a) A young salmon in the stage when it has dark transverse bands; — called also samlet, skegger, and fingerling. (b) A young leveret.

PARRAKEET; PARAKEET
Par"ra*keet`, Par"a*keet`, n. Etym: [See Paroquet.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of small parrots having a graduated tail, which is frequently very long; — called also paroquet and paraquet.

Note: Many of the Asiatic and Australian species belong to the genus
Paleornis; others belong to Polytelis, Platycercus, Psephotus,
Euphema, and allied genera. The American parrakeets mostly belong to
the genus Conurus, as the Carolina parrakeet (C. Carolinensis).

PARRAL; PARREL
Par"ral, Par"rel, n. Etym: [F. appareil. See Apparel, n.]

1. (Naut.)

Defn: The rope or collar by which a yard or spar is held to the mast in such a way that it may be hoisted or lowered at pleasure. Totten.

2. A chimney-piece. Halliwell.

PARRAQUA
Par*ra"qua, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A curassow of the genus Ortalida, allied to the guan.

PARRHESIA
Par*rhe"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: Boldness or freedom of speech.

PARRICIDAL
Par"ri*ci`dal, a. Etym: [L. parricidalis, parricidialis. See
Parricide.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to parricide; guilty of parricide.

PARRICIDE Par"ri*cide, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. parricida; pater father + caedere to kill. See Father, Homicide, and cf. Patricide.]

1. Properly, one who murders one's own father; in a wider sense, one who murders one's father or mother or any ancestor.

2. Etym: [L. parricidium.]

Defn: The act or crime of murdering one's own father or any ancestor.

PARRICIDIOUS
Par`ri*cid"i*ous, a.

Defn: Parricidal. [Obs.]

PARROCK
Par"rock, n. Etym: [AS. pearruc, pearroc. See Park.]

Defn: A croft, or small field; a paddock. [Prov. Eng.]

PARROT
Par"rot, n. Etym: [Prob. fr. F. Pierrot, dim. of Pierre Peter. F.
pierrot is also the name of the sparrow. Cf. Paroquet, Petrel,
Petrify.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: In a general sense, any bird of the order Psittaci.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of Psittacus, Chrysotis, Pionus, and other genera of the family Psittacidæ, as distinguished from the parrakeets, macaws, and lories. They have a short rounded or even tail, and often a naked space on the cheeks. The gray parrot, or jako (P. erithacus) of Africa (see Jako), and the species of Amazon, or green, parrots (Chrysotis) of America, are examples. Many species, as cage birds, readily learn to imitate sounds, and to repeat words and phrases. Carolina parrot (Zoöl.), the Carolina parrakeet. See Parrakeet. — Night parrot, or Owl parrot. (Zoöl.) See Kakapo. — Parrot coal, cannel coal; — so called from the crackling and chattering sound it makes in burning. [Eng. & Scot.] — Parrot green. (Chem.) See Scheele's green, under Green, n. — Parrot weed (Bot.), a suffrutescent plant (Bocconia frutescens) of the Poppy family, native of the warmer parts of America. It has very large, sinuate, pinnatifid leaves, and small, panicled, apetalous flowers. — Parrot wrasse, Parrot fish (Zoöl.), any fish of the genus Scarus. One species (S. Cretensis), found in the Mediterranean, is esteemed by epicures, and was highly prized by the ancient Greeks and Romans.

PARROT
Par"rot, v. t.

Defn: To repeat by rote, as a parrot.

PARROT
Par"rot, v. i.

Defn: To chatter like a parrot.

PARROTER
Par"rot*er, n.

Defn: One who simply repeats what he has heard. [R.] J. S. Mill.

PARROTRY
Par"rot*ry, n.

Defn: Servile imitation or repetition. [R.] Coleridge. "The supine parrotry." Fitzed. Hall.

PARROT'S-BILL Par"rot's-bill`, n. Etym: [So called from the resemblance of its curved superior petal to a parrot's bill.] (Bot.)

Defn: The glory pea. See under Glory.

PARRY
Par"ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Parried; p. pr. & vb. n. Parrying.] Etym:
[F. paré, p. p. of parer. See Pare, v. t.]

1. To ward off; to stop, or to turn aside; as, to parry a thrust, a blow, or anything that means or threatens harm. Locke. Vice parries wide The undreaded volley with a sword of straw. Cowper.

2. To avoid; to shift or put off; to evade. The French government has parried the payment of our claims. E. Everett.

PARRY
Par"ry, v. i.

Defn: To ward off, evade, or turn aside something, as a blow, argument, etc. Locke.

PARRY
Par"ry, n.; pl. Parries (.

Defn: A warding off of a thrust or blow, as in sword and bayonet exercises or in boxing; hence, figuratively, a defensive movement in debate or other intellectual encounter.

PARSE
Parse, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Parsed; p. pr. & vb. n. Parsing.] Etym:
[L. pars a part; pars orationis a part of speech. See Part, n.]
(Gram.)

Defn: To resolve into its elements, as a sentence, pointing out the several parts of speech, and their relation to each other by government or agreement; to analyze and describe grammatically. Let him construe the letter into English, and parse it over perfectly. Ascham.

PARSEE
Par"see, n. Etym: [Hind. & Per. parsi a Persian, a follower of
Zoroaster, a fire worshiper. Cf. Persian.]

1. One of the adherents of the Zoroastrian or ancient Persian religion, descended from Persian refugees settled in India; a fire worshiper; a Gheber.

2. The Iranian dialect of much of the religious literature of the Parsees.

PARSEEISM
Par"see*ism, n.

Defn: The religion and customs of the Parsees.

PARSER
Pars"er, n.

Defn: One who parses.

PARSIMONIOUS
Par`si*mo"ni*ous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. parcimonieux. See Parsimony.]

Defn: Exhibiting parsimony; sparing in expenditure of money; frugal to excess; penurious; niggardly; stingy. — Par`si*mo"ni*ous*ly, adv. — Par`si*mo"ni*ous*ness, n. A prodigal king is nearer a tyrant than a parsimonious. Bacon. Extraordinary funds for one campaign may spare us the expense of many years; whereas a long, parsimonious war will drain us of more men and money. Addison.

Syn. — Covetous; niggardly; miserly; penurious; close; saving; mean; stingy; frugal. See Avaricious.

PARSIMONY Par"si*mo*ny, n. Etym: [L. parsimonia, parcimonia; cf. parcere to spare, parsus sparing: cf. F. parcimonie.]

Defn: Closeness or sparingness in the expenditure of money; — generally in a bad sense; excessive frugality; niggardliness. Bacon. Awful parsimony presided generally at the table. Thackeray.

Syn. — Economy; frugality; illiberality; covetousness; closeness; stinginess. See Economy.

PARSLEY Pars"ley, n. Etym: [OE. persely, persil, F. persil, L. petroselinum rock parsley, Gr. Celery.] (Bot.)

Defn: An aromatic umbelliferous herb (Carum Petroselinum), having finely divided leaves which are used in cookery and as a garnish. As she went to the garden for parsley, to stuff a rabbit. Shak. Fool's parsley. See under Fool. — Hedge parsley, Milk parsley, Stone parsley, names given to various weeds of similar appearance to the parsley. — Parsley fern (Bot.), a small fern with leaves resembling parsley (Cryptogramme crispa). — Parsley piert (Bot.), a small herb (Alchemilla arvensis) formerly used as a remedy for calculus.

PARSNIP
Pars"nip, n. Etym: [OE. parsnepe, from a French form, fr. L.
pastinaca; cf. pastinare to dig up, pastinum a kind of dibble; cf.
OF. pastenade, pastenaque.] (Bot.)

Defn: The aromatic and edible spindle-shaped root of the cultivated form of the Pastinaca sativa, a biennial umbelliferous plant which is very poisonous in its wild state; also, the plant itself. Cow parsnip. See Cow parsnip. — Meadow parsnip, the European cow parsnip. — Poison parsnip, the wild stock of the parsnip. — Water parsnip, any plant of the umbelliferous genus Sium, the species of which are poisonous.

PARSON Par"son, n. Etym: [OE. persone person, parson, OF. persone, F. personne person, LL. persona (sc. ecclesiae), fr. L. persona a person. See Person.]

1. (Eng. Eccl. Law)

Defn: A person who represents a parish in its ecclesiastical and corporate capacities; hence, the rector or incumbent of a parochial church, who has full possession of all the rights thereof, with the cure of souls.

2. Any clergyman having ecclesiastical preferment; one who is in orders, or is licensed to preach; a preacher. He hears the parson pray and preach. Longfellow. Parson bird (Zoöl.), a New Zealand bird (Prosthemadera Novæseelandiæ) remarkable for its powers of mimicry and its ability to articulate words. Its color is glossy black, with a curious tuft of long, curly, white feathers on each side of the throat. It is often kept as a cage bird.

PARSONAGE
Par"son*age, n.

1. (Eng. Eccl. Law)

Defn: A certain portion of lands, tithes, and offerings, for the maintenance of the parson of a parish.

2. The glebe and house, or the house only, owned by a parish or ecclesiastical society, and appropriated to the maintenance or use of the incumbent or settled pastor.

3. Money paid for the support of a parson. [Scot.] What have I been paying stipend and teind, parsonage and vicarage, for Sir W. Scott.

PARSONED
Par"soned, a.

Defn: Furnished with a parson.

PARSONIC; PARSONICAL
Par*son"ic, Par*son"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a parson; clerical.
Vainglory glowed in his parsonic heart. Colman.
— Par*son"ic*al*ly, adv.

PARSONISH
Par"son*ish, a.

Defn: Appropriate to, or like, a parson; — used in disparagement.
[Colloq.]