Part Part, adv (part 7)

PROFANATION
Prof`a*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. profanatio: cf. F. profanation. See
Profane, v. t.]

1. The act of violating sacred things, or of treating them with contempt or irreverence; irreverent or too familiar treatment or use of what is sacred; desecration; as, the profanation of the Sabbath; the profanation of a sanctuary; the profanation of the name of God.

2. The act of treating with abuse or disrespect, or with undue publicity, or lack of delicacy. 'T were profanation of our joys To tell the laity our love. Donne.

PROFANE
Pro*fane", a. Etym: [F., fr. L. profanus, properly, before the
temple, i. e., without the temple, unholy; pro before + fanum temple.
See 1st Fane.]

1. Not sacred or holy; not possessing peculiar sanctity; unconsecrated; hence, relating to matters other than sacred; secular; — opposed to sacred, religious, or inspired; as, a profane place. "Profane authors." I. Disraeli. The profane wreath was suspended before the shrine. Gibbon.

2. Unclean; impure; polluted; unholy. Nothing is profane that serveth to holy things. Sir W. Raleigh.

3. Treating sacred things with contempt, disrespect, irreverence, or undue familiarity; irreverent; impious. Hence, specifically; Irreverent in language; taking the name of God in vain; given to swearing; blasphemous; as, a profane person, word, oath, or tongue. 1 Tim. i. 9.

Syn.
— Secular; temporal; worldly; unsanctified; unhallowed; unholy;
irreligious; irreverent; ungodly; wicked; godless; impious. See
Impious.

PROFANE
Pro*fane", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Profaned; p. pr. & vb. n. Profaning.]
Etym: [L. profanare: cf. F. profaner. See Profane, a.]

1. To violate, as anything sacred; to treat with abuse, irreverence, obloquy, or contempt; to desecrate; to pollute; as, to profane the name of God; to profane the Scriptures, or the ordinance of God. The priests in the temple profane the sabbath. Matt. xii. 5.

2. To put to a wrong or unworthy use; to make a base employment of; to debase; to abuse; to defile. So idly to profane the precious time. Shak.

PROFANELY
Pro*fane"ly, adv.

Defn: In a profane manner.
The character of God profanely impeached. Dr. T. Dwight.

PROFANENESS
Pro*fane"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being profane; especially, the use of profane language.

PROFANER
Pro*fan"er, n.

Defn: One who treats sacred things with irreverence, or defiles what is holy; one who uses profane language. Hooker.

PROFANITY
Pro*fan"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. profanitas.]

1. The quality or state of being profane; profaneness; irreverence; esp., the use of profane language; blasphemy.

2. That which is profane; profane language or acts. The brisk interchange of profanity and folly. Buckminster.

PROFECTION
Pro*fec"tion, n. Etym: [See Proficient.]

Defn: A setting out; a going forward; advance; progression. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.

PROFECTITIOUS Pro`fec*ti"tious, a. Etym: [L. profectitius, fr. proficisci to set out, proceed.]

Defn: Proceeding from, as from a parent; derived, as from an
ancestor. [R.]
The threefold distinction of profectitious, adventitious, and
professional was ascertained. Gibbon.

PROFERT
Pro"fert, n. Etym: [L., he brings forward, 3d pers. pr. of proferre.
See Proffer. ] (Law)

Defn: The exhibition or production of a record or paper in open court, or an allegation that it is in court.

PROFESS Pro*fess", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Professed; p. pr. & vb. n. Professing.] Etym: [F. profès, masc., professe, fem., professed (monk or nun), L. professus, p. p. of profiteri to profess; pro before, forward + fateri to confess, own. See Confess.]

1. To make open declaration of, as of one's knowledge, belief, action, etc.; to avow or acknowledge; to confess publicly; to own or admit freely. "Hear me profess sincerely." Shak. The best and wisest of them all professed To know this only, that he nothing knew. Milton.

2. To set up a claim to; to make presence to; hence, to put on or present an appearance of. I do profess to be no less than I seem. Shak.

3. To present to knowledge of, to proclaim one's self versed in; to make one's self a teacher or practitioner of, to set up as an authority respecting; to declare (one's self to be such); as, he professes surgery; to profess one's self a physician.

PROFESS
Pro*fess", v. i.

1. To take a profession upon one's self by a public declaration; to confess. Drayton.

2. To declare friendship. [Obs.] Shak.

PROFESSED
Pro*fessed", a.

Defn: Openly declared, avowed, acknowledged, or claimed; as, a professed foe; a professed tyrant; a professed Christian. The professed (R. C. Ch.) , a certain class among the Jesuits bound by a special vow. See the note under Jesuit.

PROFESSEDLY
Pro*fess"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: By profession.

PROFESSION
Pro*fes"sion, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. professio. See Profess, v.]

1. The act of professing or claiming; open declaration; public avowal or acknowledgment; as, professions of friendship; a profession of faith. A solemn vow, promise, and profession. Bk. of Com. Prayer.

2. That which one professed; a declaration; an avowal; a claim; as, his professions are insincere. The Indians quickly perceive the coincidence or the contradiction between professions and conduct. J. Morse.

3. That of which one professed knowledge; the occupation, if not mechanical, agricultural, or the like, to which one devotes one's self; the business which one professes to understand, and to follow for subsistence; calling; vocation; employment; as, the profession of arms; the profession of a clergyman, lawyer, or physician; the profession of lecturer on chemistry. Hi tried five or six professions in turn. Macaulay.

Note: The three professions, or learned professions, are, especially, theology, law, and medicine.

4. The collective body of persons engaged in a calling; as, the profession distrust him.

5. (Eccl. Law.)

Defn: The act of entering, or becoming a member of, a religious order.

PROFESSIONAL
Pro*fes"sion*al, a.

1. Of or pertaining to a profession, or calling; conforming to the rules or standards of a profession; following a profession; as, professional knowledge; professional conduct. "Pride, not personal, but professional." Macaulay. "A professional sneerer." De Quincey.

2. Engaged in by professionals; as, a professional race; — opposed to amateur.

PROFESSIONAL
Pro*fes"sion*al, n.

Defn: A person who prosecutes anything professionally, or for a livelihood, and not in the character of an amateur; a professional worker.

PROFESSIONALISM
Pro*fes"sion*al*ism, n.

Defn: The following of a profession, sport, etc., as an occupation; - - opposed to Ant: amateurism.

PROFESSIONALIST
Pro*fes"sion*al*ist, n.

Defn: professional person. [R.]

PROFESSIONALLY
Pro*fes"sion*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a professional manner or capacity; by profession or calling; in the exercise of one's profession; one employed professionally.

PROFESSOR Pro*fess"or, n. Etym: [L., a teacher, a public teacher: cf. F. professeur. See Profess.]

1. One who professed, or makes open declaration of, his sentiments or opinions; especially, one who makes a public avowal of his belief in the Scriptures and his faith in Christ, and thus unites himself to the visible church. "Professors of religion." Bacon.

2. One who professed, or publicly teaches, any science or branch of learning; especially, an officer in a university, college, or other seminary, whose business it is to read lectures, or instruct students, in a particular branch of learning; as a professor of theology, of botany, of mathematics, or of political economy.

PROFESSORIAL
Pro`fes*so"ri*al, a. Etym: [L. professorius: cf. F. professorial.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a professor; as, the professional chair; professional interest.

PROFESSORIALISM
Pro`fes*so"ri*al*ism, n.

Defn: The character, manners, or habits of a professor. [R.]

PROFESSORIAT
Pro`fes*so"ri*at, n.

Defn: See Professoriate.

PROFESSORIATE
Pro`fes*so"ri*ate, n.

1. The body of professors, or the professorial staff, in a university or college.

2. A professorship.

PROFESSORSHIP
Pro*fess"or*ship, n.

Defn: The office or position of a professor, or public teacher.
Walton.

PROFESSORY
Pro*fes"so*ry, a. Etym: [L. professorius.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a professor; professorial. [R.] Bacon.

PROFFER Prof"fer, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proffered; p. pr. & vb. n. Proffering.] Etym: [OE. profren, proferen, F. proférer, fr. L. proferre to bring forth or forward, to offer; pro forward + ferre to bring. See Bear to produce.]

1. To offer for acceptance; to propose to give; to make a tender of; as, to proffer a gift; to proffer services; to proffer friendship. Shak. I reck not what wrong that thou me profre. Chaucer.

2. To essay or attempt of one's own accord; to undertake, or propose to undertake. [R.] Milton.

PROFFER
Prof"fer, n.

1. An offer made; something proposed for acceptance by another; a tender; as, proffers of peace or friendship. He made a proffer to lay down his commission. Clarendon.

2. Essay; attempt. [R.] Bacon.

PROFFERER
Prof"fer*er, n.

Defn: One who proffers something.

PROFICIENCE; PROFICIENCY
Pro*fi"cience, Pro*fi"cien*cy, n.

Defn: The quality of state of being proficient; advance in the acquisition of any art, science, or knowledge; progression in knowledge; improvement; adeptness; as, to acquire proficiency in music.

PROFICIENT Pro*fi"cient, n. Etym: [L. proficiens, -entis, p. pr. of proficere to go forward, make progress; pro forward + facere to make. See Fact, and cf. Profit, (

Defn: One who has made considerable advances in any business, art, science, or branch of learning; an expert; an adept; as, proficient in a trade; a proficient in mathematics, music, etc.

PROFICIENT
Pro*fi"cient, a.

Defn: Well advanced in any branch of knowledge or skill; possessed of considerable acquirements; well-skilled; versed; adept,

PROFICIENTLY
Pro*fi"cient*ly, adv.

Defn: In a proficient manner.

PROFICUOUS
Pro*fic"u*ous, a. Etym: [L. proficuus.]

Defn: Profitable; advantageous; useful. [Obs.] Harvey.

PROFILE
Pro"file, n. Etym: [It. profilo, fr. L. pro before + filum a thread,
an outline, shape: cf. F. profil. See File arow, and cf. Purfle,
Purl, a fringe.]

1. An outline, or contour; as, the profile of an apple.

2. (Paint & Sculp.)

Defn: A human head represented sidewise, or in a side view; the side face or half face.

3. (a) (Arch.) A section of any member, made at right angles with its main lines, showing the exact shape of moldings and the like. (b) (Civil Engin.) A drawing exhibiting a vertical section of the ground along a surveyed line, or graded work, as of a railway, showing elevations, depressions, grades, etc. Profile paper (Civil Engin.), paper ruled with vertical and horizontal lines forming small oblong rectangles, adapted for drawing profiles.

PROFILE
Pro"file, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Profiled; p. pr. & vb. n. Profiling]
Etym: [Cf. F. profiler, It. profilare. See Profile, n.]

1. to draw the outline of; to draw in profile, as an architectural member.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: To shape the outline of an object by passing a cutter around it. Profiling machine, a jigging machine.

PROFILING
Pro"fil*ing, n. (Fort.)

Defn: In the construction of fieldworks, the erection at proper intervals of wooden profiles, to show to the workmen the sectional form of the parapets at those points.

PROFILIST
Pro"fil*ist, n.

Defn: One who takes profiles.

PROFIT Pro"fit, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. profectus advance, progress, profit, fr. profectum. See Proficient.]

1. Acquisition beyond expenditure; excess of value received for producing, keeping, or selling, over cost; hence, pecuniary gain in any transaction or occupation; emolument; as, a profit on the sale of goods. Let no man anticipate uncertain profits. Rambler.

2. Accession of good; valuable results; useful consequences; benefit; avail; gain; as, an office of profit, This I speak for your own profit. 1 Cor. vii. 35. If you dare do yourself a profit and a right. Shak.

Syn. — Benefit; avail; service; improvement; advancement; gain; emolument.

PROFIT
Prof"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Profited; p. pr. & vb. n. Profiting.]
Etym: [F. profiter. See Profit, n.]

Defn: To be of service to; to be good to; to help on; to benefit; to advantage; to avail; to aid; as, truth profits all men. The word preached did not profit them. Heb. iv. 2. It is a great means of profiting yourself, to copy diligently excellent pieces and beautiful designs. Dryden.

PROFIT
Prof"it, v. i.

1. To gain advantage; to make improvement; to improve; to gain; to advance. I profit not by thy talk. Shak.

2. To be of use or advantage; to do or bring good. Riches profit not in the day of wrath. Prov. xi. 4.

PROFITABLE
Prof"it*a*ble, a. Etym: [F. profitable.]

Defn: Yielding or bringing profit or gain; gainful; lucrative; useful; helpful; advantageous; beneficial; as, a profitable trade; profitable business; a profitable study or profession. What was so profitable to the empire became fatal to the emperor. Arbuthnot. — Prof"it*a*ble*ness, n. — Prof"it*a*bly, adv.

PROFITING
Prof"it*ing, n.

Defn: Gain; advantage; profit.
That thy profiting may appear to all. 1 Tim. iv. 15.

PROFITLESS
Prof"it*less, a.

Defn: Without profit; unprofitable. Shak.

PROFLIGACY
Prof"li*ga*cy, n. Etym: [See Profligate, a.]

Defn: The quality of state of being profligate; a profligate or very vicious course of life; a state of being abandoned in moral principle and in vice; dissoluteness.

PROFLIGATE Prof"li*gate, a. Etym: [L. profligatus, p. p. of profligare to strike or dash to the ground, to destroy; pro before + a word akin to fligere to strike. See Afflict.]

1. Overthrown; beaten; conquered. [Obs.] The foe is profligate, and run. Hudibras.

2. Broken down in respect of rectitude, principle, virtue, or decency; openly and shamelessly immoral or vicious; dissolute; as, profligate man or wretch. A race more profligate than we. Roscommon. Made prostitute and profligate muse. Dryden.

Syn. — Abandoned; corrupt; dissolute; vitiated; depraved; vicious; wicked. See Abandoned.

PROFLIGATE
Prof"li*gate, n.

Defn: An abandoned person; one openly and shamelessly vicious; a dissolute person. "Such a profligate as Antony." Swift.

PROFLIGATE
Prof"li*gate, v. t.

Defn: To drive away; to overcome.

Note: [A Latinism] [Obs.] Harvey.

PROFLIGATELY
Prof"li*gate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a profligate manner.

PROFLIGATENESS
Prof"li*gate*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being profligate; an abandoned course of life; profligacy.

PROFLIGATION
Prof`li*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. profligatio.]

Defn: Defeat; rout; overthrow. [Obs.] Bacon.

PROFLUENCE
Prof"lu*ence, n. Etym: [L. profluentia.]

Defn: Quality of being profluent; course. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.

PROFLUENT Prof"lu*ent, a. Etym: [L. profluens, p. pr. of profluere; pro forward + fluere to flow.]

Defn: Flowing forward, [R.] "In the profluent stream." Milton.

PROFOUND Pro*found", a. Etym: [F. profond, L. profundus; pro before, forward + fundus the bottom. See Found to establish, Bottom lowest part.]

1. Descending far below the surface; opening or reaching to a great depth; deep. "A gulf profound." Milton.

2. Intellectually deep; entering far into subjects; reaching to the bottom of a matter, or of a branch of learning; thorough; as, a profound investigation or treatise; a profound scholar; profound wisdom.

3. Characterized by intensity; deeply felt; pervading; overmastering; far-reaching; strongly impressed; as, a profound sleep. "Profound sciatica." Shak. Of the profound corruption of this class there can be no doubt. Milman.

4. Bending low, exhibiting or expressing deep humility; lowly; submissive; as, a profound bow. What humble gestures! What profound reverence! Dupp

PROFOUND
Pro*found", n.

1. The deep; the sea; the ocean. God in the fathomless profound Hath all this choice commanders drowned. Sandys.

2. An abyss. Milton.

PROFOUND
Pro*found", v. t.

Defn: To cause to sink deeply; to cause to dive or penetrate far down. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

PROFOUND
Pro*found", v. i.

Defn: To dive deeply; to penetrate. [Obs.]

PROFOUNDLY
Pro*found"ly, adv.

Defn: In a profound manner.
Why sigh you so profoundly Shak.

PROFOUNDNESS
Pro*found"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being profound; profundity; depth.
Hooker.

PROFULGENT
Pro*ful"gent, a. Etym: [Pref. pro- + L. fulgere to shine.]

Defn: Shining forth; brilliant; effulgent. [Obs.] "Profulgent in preciousness." Chaucer.

PROFUNDITY Pro*fun"di*ty, n.; pl. -ties. Etym: [L. profunditas: cf. F. profondite. See Profound.]

Defn: The quality or state of being profound; depth of place, knowledge, feeling, etc. "The vast profundity obscure." Milton.

PROFUSE Pro*fuse", a. Etym: [L. profusus, p. p. of profundere to pour forth or out; pro forward, forth + fundere to pour: cf. F. profus. See Fuse to melt.]

1. Pouring forth with fullness or exuberance; bountiful; exceedingly liberal; giving without stint; as, a profuse government; profuse hospitality. A green, shady bank, profuse of flowers. Milton.

2. Superabundant; excessive; prodigal; lavish; as, profuse expenditure. "Profuse ornament." Kames.

Syn. — Lavish; exuberant; bountiful; prodigal; extravagant. — Profuse, Lavish, Prodigal. Profuse denotes pouring out (as money, etc.) with great fullness or freeness; as, profuse in his expenditures, thanks, promises, etc. Lavish is stronger, implying unnecessary or wasteful excess; as, lavish of his bounties, favors, praises, etc. Prodigal is stronger still, denoting unmeasured or reckless profusion; as, prodigal of one's strength, life, or blood, to secure some object. Dryden.

PROFUSE
Pro*fuse", v. t.

Defn: To pour out; to give or spend liberally; to lavish; to squander. [Obs.] Chapman.

PROFUSELY
Pro*fuse"ly, adv.

Defn: In a profuse manner.

PROFUSENESS
Pro*fuse"ness, n.

Defn: Extravagance; profusion.
Hospitality sometimes degenerates into profuseness. Atterbury.

PROFUSION
Pro*fu"sion, n. Etym: [L. profusio: cf. F. profusion.]

1. The act of one who is profuse; a lavishing or pouring out without sting. Thy vast profusion to the factious nobles Rowe.

2. Abundance; exuberant plenty; lavish supply; as, a profusion of commodities. Addison.

PROFUSIVE
Pro*fu"sive, a.

Defn: Profuse; lavish; prodigal.[Obs.]

PROG
Prog, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Progged (. p. pr. & vb. n. Progging.] Etym:
[Cf. D. prachen, G. prachern, Dan. prakke, Sw. pracka, to beg, L.
procare, procari, to ask, demand, and E. prowl.]

1. To wander about and beg; to seek food or other supplies by low arts; to seek for advantage by mean shift or tricks. [Low] A perfect artist in progging for money. Fuller. I have been endeavoring to prog for you. Burke.

2. To steal; to rob; to filch. [Low] Johnson.

3. To prick; to goad; to progue. [Scot.]

PROG
Prog, n.

1. Victuals got by begging, or vagrancy; victuals of any kind; food; supplies. [Slang] Swift. So long as he picked from the filth his prog. R. Browning.

2. A vagrant beggar; a tramp. [Slang]

3. A goal; progue. [Scot.]

PROGENERATE Pro*gen"er*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. progeneratus, p. p. of progenerare to beget; pro forth, forward + generare to generate.]

Defn: To beget; to generate; to produce; to procreate; as, to progenerate a race. [R.] Landor.

PROGENERATION
Pro*gen`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. progeneratio.]

Defn: The act of begetting; propagation. [R.]

PROGENITOR Pro*gen"i*tor, n. Etym: [OF. progeniteur, L. progenitor, fr. progignere, progenitum, to bring forth, to beget; pro forth + gignere to beget. See Gender kind.]

Defn: An ancestor in the direct line; a forefather.
And reverence thee their great progenitor. Milton.

PROGENITORSHIP
Pro*gen"i*tor*ship, n.

Defn: The state of being a progenitor.

PROGENITRESS
Pro*gen"i*tress, n.

Defn: A female progenitor.

PROGENITURE
Pro*gen"i*ture, n. Etym: [F. progéniture.]

Defn: A begetting, or birth. [R.]

PROGENY Prog"e*ny, n. Etym: [OE. progenie, F. progénie, fr. L. progenies, fr. progignere. See Progenitor.]

Defn: Descendants of the human kind, or offspring of other animals; children; offspring; race, lineage. " Issued from the progeny of kings." Shak.

PROGLOTTID
Pro*glot"tid, n. (Zoöl)

Defn: Proglottis.

PROGLOTTIS
Pro*glot"tis, n.; pl. Proglottides. Etym: [NL. fr. Gr. (Zoöl)

Defn: One of the free, or nearly free, segments of a tapeworm. It contains both male and female reproductive organs, and is capable of a brief independent existence.

PROGNATHI
Prog"na*thi, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Prognathous.] (Zoöl)

Defn: A comprehensive group of mankind, including those that have prognathous jaws.

PROGNATHIC
Prog*nath"ic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Prognathous.

PROGNATHISM
Prog"na*thism, n. (Anat.)

Defn: Projection of the jaws.
— Prog"na*thy, n.

PROGNATHOUS
Prog"na*thous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the jaws projecting beyond the upper part of the face; - - opposed to orthognathous. See Gnathic index, under Gnathic. Their countenances had the true prognathous character. Kane.

PROGNE Prog"ne, n. Etym: [L., a swallow, traditionally said to be fr. Progne (The sister of Philomela), who was changed into a swallow, Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) A swallow. (b) A genus of swallows including the purple martin. See Martin. (c) An American butterfly (Polygonia, or Vanessa, Progne). It is orange and black above, grayish beneath, with an L-shaped silver mark on the hind wings. Called also gray comma.

PROGNOSIS
Prog*no"sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Know.] (Med.)

Defn: The act or art of foretelling the course and termination of a disease; also, the outlook afforded by this act of judgment; as, the prognosis of hydrophobia is bad.

PROGNOSTIC
Prog*nos"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. Prognosis.]

Defn: Indicating something future by signs or symptoms; foreshowing; aiding in prognosis; as, the prognostic symptoms of a disease; prognostic signs.

PROGNOSTIC
Prog*nos"tic, n. Etym: [L. prognosticum, Gr. pronostic, prognostic.
See Prognostic, a.]

1. That which prognosticates; a sign by which a future event may be known or foretold; an indication; a sign or omen; hence, a foretelling; a prediction. That choice would inevitably be considered by the country as a prognostic of the highest import. Macaulay.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A sign or symptom indicating the course and termination of a disease. Parr.

Syn.
— Sign; omen; presage; token; indication.

PROGNOSTIC
Prog*nos"tic, v. t.

Defn: To prognosticate. [Obs.]

PROGNOSTICABLE
Prog*nos"tic*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being prognosticated or foretold. Sir T. Browne.

PROGNOSTICATE
Prog*nos"ti*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prognosticated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prognosticating.] Etym: [See Prognostic.]

Defn: To indicate as future; to foretell from signs or symptoms; to prophesy; to foreshow; to predict; as, to prognosticate evil. Burke. I neither will nor can prognosticate To the young gaping heir his father's fate. Dryden.

Syn. — To foreshow; foretoken; betoken; forebode; presage; predict; prophesy.

PROGNOSTICATION
Prog*nos`ti*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. prognostication.]

1. The act of foreshowing or foretelling something future by present signs; prediction.

2. That which foreshows; a foretoken. Shak.

PROGNOSTICATOR
Prog*nos"ti*ca`tor, n.

Defn: One who prognosticates; a foreknower or foreteller of a future course or event by present signs. Isa. xlvii. 13.

PROGRAM
Pro"gram, n.

Defn: Same as Programme.

PROGRAMMA
Pro*gram"ma, n.; pl. Programmata. Etym: [ L. See Programme.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: Any law, which, after it had passed the Athenian senate, was fixed on a tablet for public inspection previously to its being proposed to the general assembly of the people.

2. An edict published for public information; an official bulletin; a public proclamation.

3. See Programme.

4. A preface. [Obs.] T. Warton.

PROGRAMME
Pro"gramme, n. Etym: [L. programma a public proclamation, manifesto,
Gr. programme. See Graphic.]

Defn: That which is written or printed as a public notice or advertisement; a scheme; a prospectus; especially, a brief outline or explanation of the order to be pursued, or the subjects embraced, in any public exercise, performance, or entertainment; a preliminary sketch. Programme music (Mus.), descriptive instrumental music which requires an argument or programme to explain the meaning of its several movements.

PROGRESS Prog"ress, n. Etym: [L. progressus, from progredi, p. p. progressus, to go forth or forward; pro forward + gradi to step, go: cf. F. progrès. See Grade.]

1. A moving or going forward; a proceeding onward; an advance; specifically: (a) In actual space, as the progress of a ship, carriage, etc. (b) In the growth of an animal or plant; increase. (c) In business of any kind; as, the progress of a negotiation; the progress of art. (d) In knowledge; in proficiency; as, the progress of a child at school. (e) Toward ideal completeness or perfection in respect of quality or condition; — applied to individuals, communities, or the race; as, social, moral, religious, or political progress.

2. A journey of state; a circuit; especially, one made by a sovereign through parts of his own dominions. The king being returned from his progresse. Evelyn.

PROGRESS Pro*gress" (; formerly pronounced like Progress, n.), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Progressed; p. pr. & vb. n. Progressing.]

1. To make progress; to move forward in space; to continue onward in course; to proceed; to advance; to go on; as, railroads are progressing. "As his recovery progressed." Thackeray. Let me wipe off this honorable dew, That silverly doth progress on thy checks. Shak. They progress in that style in proportion as their pieces are treated with contempt. Washington. The war had progressed for some time. Marshall.

2. To make improvement; to advance. Bayard. If man progresses, art must progress too. Caird.

PROGRESS
Prog"ress (; see Progress, v. i.), v. t.

Defn: To make progress in; to pass through. [Obs.] Milton.

PROGRESSION
Pro*gres"sion, n. Etym: [L. progressio: cf. F. progression.]

1. The act of moving forward; a proceeding in a course; motion onward.

2. Course; passage; lapse or process of time. I hope, in a short progression, you will be wholly immerged in the delices and joys of religion. Evelyn.

3. (Math.)

Defn: Regular or proportional advance in increase or decrease of numbers; continued proportion, arithmetical, geometrical, or harmonic.

4. (Mus.)

Defn: A regular succession of tones or chords; the movement of the parts in harmony; the order of the modulations in a piece from key to key. Arithmetical progression, a progression in which the terms increase or decrease by equal differences, as the numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 1010, 8, 6, 4, 2 — Geometrical progression, a progression in which the terms increase or decrease by equal ratios, as the numbers 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 6464, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 — Harmonic progression, a progression in which the terms are the reciprocals of quantities in arithmetical progression, as

PROGRESSIONAL
Pro*gres"sion*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to progression; tending to, or capable of, progress.

PROGRESSIONIST
Pro*gres"sion*ist, n.

1. One who holds to a belief in the progression of society toward perfection.

2. One who maintains the doctrine of progression in organic forms; — opposed to uniformitarian. H. Spencer.

PROGRESSIST
Prog"ress*ist, n.

Defn: One who makes, or holds to, progress; a progressionist.

PROGRESSIVE
Pro*gress"ive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. progressif.]

1. Moving forward; proceeding onward; advancing; evincing progress; increasing; as, progressive motion or course; — opposed to retrograde.

2. Improving; as, art is in a progressive state. Progressive euchre or whist, a way of playing at card parties, by which after every game, the losers at the first table go to the last table, and the winners at all the tables, except the first, move up to the next table. — Progressive muscular atrophy (Med.), a nervous disorder characterized by continuous atrophy of the muscles. — Pro*gress"ive*ly, adv. — Pro*gress"ive*ness, n.

PROGRESSIVE PARTY
Progressive party. (U. S. Politics)

Defn: The political party formed, chiefly out of the Republican party, by the adherents of Theodore Roosevelt in the presidential campaign of 1912. The name Progressive party was chosen at the meeting held on Aug. 7, 1912, when the candidates were nominated and the platform adopted. Among the chief articles in the platform are those demanding direct primaries, preferential primaries for presidential nominations, direct election of United States senators, women's suffrage, and recall of judicial decisions in certain cases.

PROGUE
Progue, v. i.

Defn: To prog. [Obs.] P. Fletcher.

PROGUE
Progue, n.

Defn: A sharp point; a goad. [ Scot. & Local, U. S.] — v. t.

Defn: To prick; to goad. [ Scot. & Local, U. S.].

PROHEME
Pro"heme, n.

Defn: Proem. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PROHIBIT
Pro*hib"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prohibited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prohibiting.] Etym: [L. prohibitus, p. p. of prohibere to prohibit;
pro before, forth + habere to have, hold. See Habit.]

1. To forbid by authority; to interdict; as, God prohibited Adam from eating of the fruit of a certain tree; we prohibit a person from doing a thing, and also the doing of the thing; as, the law prohibits men from stealing, or it prohibits stealing.

Note: Prohibit was formerly followed by to with the infinitive, but is now commonly followed by from with the verbal noun in -ing.

2. To hinder; to debar; to prevent; to preclude. Gates of burning adamant, Barred over us, prohibit all egress. Milton.

Syn. — To forbid; interdict; debar; prevent; hinder. — Prohibit, Forbid. To forbid is Anglo-Saxon, and is more familiar; to prohibit is Latin, and is more formal or official. A parent forbids his child to be out late at night; he prohibits his intercourse with the profane and vicious.

PROHIBITER
Pro*hib"it*er, n.

Defn: One who prohibits or forbids; a forbidder; an interdicter.

PROHIBITION
Pro`hi*bi"tion, n. Etym: [L. prohibitio: cf. F. prohibition.]

1. The act of prohibiting; a declaration or injunction forbidding some action; interdict. The law of God, in the ten commandments, consists mostly of prohibitions. Tillotson.

2. Specifically, the forbidding by law of the sale of alcoholic liquors as beverages. Writ of prohibition (Law), a writ issued by a superior tribunal, directed to an inferior court, commanding the latter to cease from the prosecution of a suit depending before it. Blackstone.

Note: By ellipsis, prohibition is used for the writ itself.

PROHIBITIONIST
Pro`hi*bi"tion*ist, n.

1. One who favors prohibitory duties on foreign goods in commerce; a protectionist.

2. One who favors the prohibition of the sale (or of the sale and manufacture) of alcoholic liquors as beverages.

PROHIBITIVE
Pro*hib"it*ive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. prohibitif.]

Defn: That prohibits; prohibitory; as, a tax whose effect is prohibitive.

PROHIBITORY
Pro*hib"it*o*ry, a. Etym: [L. prohibitorius.]

Defn: Tending to prohibit, forbid, or exclude; implying prohibition; forbidding; as, a prohibitory law; a prohibitory price. Prohibitory index. (R. C. Ch.) See under Index.

PROIN
Proin (proin), v. t. Etym: [See Prune to trim.]

Defn: To lop; to trim; to prune; to adorn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
The sprigs that did about it grow He proined from the leafy arms.
Chapman.

PROIN
Proin, v. i.

Defn: To employed in pruning. [Obs.]

PROJECT Proj"ect, n. Etym: [OF. project, F. projet, fr. L. projectus, p. p. of projicere to project; pro forward + jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth, and cf. Projet.]

1. The place from which a thing projects, or starts forth. [Obs.] Holland.

2. That which is projected or designed; something intended or devised; a scheme; a design; a plan. Vented much policy, and projects deep. Milton. Projects of happiness devised by human reason. Rogers. He entered into the project with his customary ardor. Prescott.

3. An idle scheme; an impracticable design; as, a man given to projects.

Syn. — Design; scheme; plan; purpose. — Project, Design. A project is something of a practical nature thrown out for consideration as to its being done. A design is a project when matured and settled, as a thing to be accomplished. An ingenious man has many projects, but, if governed by sound sense, will be slow in forming them into designs. See also Scheme.

PROJECT
Pro*ject", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Projected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Projecting.] Etym: [Cf. OF. projecter, F. projeter.]

1. To throw or cast forward; to shoot forth. Before his feet herself she did project. Spenser. Behold! th' ascending villas on my side Project long shadows o'er the crystal tide. Pope.

2. To cast forward or revolve in the mind; to contrive; to devise; to scheme; as, to project a plan. What sit then projecting peace and war Milton.

3. (Persp.)

Defn: To draw or exhibit, as the form of anything; to delineate; as, to project a sphere, a map, an ellipse, and the like; — sometimes with on, upon, into, etc.; as, to project a line or point upon a plane. See Projection, 4.

PROJECT
Pro*ject", v. i.

1. To shoot forward; to extend beyond something else; to be prominent; to jut; as, the cornice projects; branches project from the tree.

2. To form a project; to scheme. [R.] Fuller.

PROJECTILE
Pro*ject"ile, a. Etym: [Cf. F. projectile.]

1. Projecting or impelling forward; as, a projectile force.

2. Caused or imparted by impulse or projection; impelled forward; as, projectile motion. Arbuthnot.

PROJECTILE
Pro*ject"ile, n. Etym: [Cf. F. projectile.]

1. A body projected, or impelled forward, by force; especially, a missile adapted to be shot from a firearm.

2. pl. (Mech.)

Defn: A part of mechanics which treats of the motion, range, time of flight, etc., of bodies thrown or driven through the air by an impelling force.

PROJECTION
Pro*jec"tion, n. Etym: [L. projectio: cf. F. projection.]

1. The act of throwing or shooting forward.

2. A jutting out; also, a part jutting out, as of a building; an extension beyond something else.

3. The act of scheming or planning; also, that which is planned; contrivance; design; plan. Davenant.

4. (Persp.)

Defn: The representation of something; delineation; plan; especially, the representation of any object on a perspective plane, or such a delineation as would result were the chief points of the object thrown forward upon the plane, each in the direction of a line drawn through it from a given point of sight, or central point; as, the projection of a sphere. The several kinds of projection differ according to the assumed point of sight and plane of projection in each.

5. (Geog.)

Defn: Any method of representing the surface of the earth upon a plane. Conical projection, a mode of representing the sphere, the spherical surface being projected upon the surface of a cone tangent to the sphere, the point of sight being at the center of the sphere. — Cylindric projection, a mode of representing the sphere, the spherical surface being projected upon the surface of a cylinder touching the sphere, the point of sight being at the center of the sphere. — Globular, Gnomonic, Orthographic, projection,etc. See under Globular, Gnomonic, etc. — Mercator's projection, a mode of representing the sphere in which the meridians are drawn parallel to each other, and the parallels of latitude are straight lines whose distance from each other increases with their distance from the equator, so that at all places the degrees of latitude and longitude have to each other the same ratio as on the sphere itself. — Oblique projection, a projection made by parallel lines drawn from every point of a figure and meeting the plane of projection obliquely. — Polar projection, a projection of the sphere in which the point of sight is at the center, and the plane of projection passes through one of the polar circles. — Powder of projection (Alchemy.), a certain powder cast into a crucible or other vessel containing prepared metal or other matter which is to be thereby transmuted into gold. — Projection of a point on a plane (Descriptive Geom.), the foot of a perpendicular to the plane drawn through the point. — Projection of a straight line of a plane, the straight line of the plane connecting the feet of the perpendiculars let fall from the extremities of the given line.

Syn.
— See Protuberance.

PROJECTMENT
Pro*ject"ment, n.

Defn: Design; contrivance; projection. [Obs.] Clarendon.

PROJECTOR
Pro*ject"or, n. Etym: [Cf. F. projeteur.]

Defn: One who projects a scheme or design; hence, one who forms fanciful or chimerical schemes. L'Estrange.

PROJECTURE
Pro*jec"ture, n. Etym: [L. projectura: cf. F. projecture.]

Defn: A jutting out beyond a surface.

PROJET
Pro`jet", n. Etym: [F. See Project, n.]

Defn: A plan proposed; a draft of a proposed measure; a project.

PROKE
Proke, v. i.

Defn: To poke; to thrust. [Obs.] Holland.

PROLAPSE Pro*lapse", n. Etym: [L. prolapsus, fr. prolapsus, p. p. of prolabi to fall forward; pro forward + labi to glide, fall.] (Med.)

Defn: The falling down of a part through the orifice with which it is naturally connected, especially of the uterus or the rectum. Dunglison.

PROLAPSE
Pro*lapse", v. i.

Defn: To fall down or out; to protrude.

PROLAPSION
Pro*lap"sion, n. Etym: [L. prolapsio.] (Med.)

Defn: Prolapse. [ Written also prolaption.] [Obs.]

PROLAPSUS
Pro*lap"sus, n. Etym: [L.] (Med.)

Defn: Prolapse.

PROLATE Pro"late, a. Etym: [L. prolatus, used as p. p. of proferre to bring forth, to extend; pro + latus, p. p. See Pro-, and Tolerate. ]

Defn: Stretched out; extended; especially, elongated in the direction of a line joining the poles; as, a prolate spheroid; — opposed to oblate. Prolate cycloid. See the Note under Cycloid. — Prolate ellipsoid or spheroid (Geom.), a figure generated by the revolution of an ellipse about its major axis. See Ellipsoid of revolution, under Ellipsoid.

PROLATE
Pro*late", v. t.

Defn: To utter; to pronounce. [Obs.] "Foun-der-ed; prolate it right."
B. Jonson.

PROLATION
Pro*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. prolatio: cf. F. prolation.]

1. The act of prolating or pronouncing; utterance; pronunciation. [Obs.] Ray.

2. The act of deferring; delay. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: A mediæval method of determining of the proportionate duration of semibreves and minims. Busby.

PROLATUM
Pro*la"tum, n.; pl. Prolata. Etym: [ NL. See Prolate.] (Geom.)

Defn: A prolate spheroid. See Ellipsoid of revolution, under
Ellipsoid.

PROLEG
Pro"leg, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- for, in place of + leg.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the fleshy legs found on the abdominal segments of the larvæ of Lepidoptera, sawflies, and some other insects. Those of Lepidoptera have a circle of hooks. Called also proped, propleg, and falseleg.

PROLEGATE Pro"leg`ate (; 48), n. Etym: [L. prolegatus; pro for + legatus legate.] (Rom. Hist.)

Defn: The deputy or substitute for a legate.

PROLEGOMENARY
Prol`e*gom"e*na*ry, a.

Defn: Of the nature of a prolegomenon; preliminary; introductory; prefatory.

PROLEGOMENON
Prol`e*gom"e*non, n.; pl. Prolegomena. Etym: [ NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: A preliminary remark or observation; an introductory discourse prefixed to a book or treatise. D. Stokes (1659). Sir W. Scott.

PROLEPSIS
Pro*lep"sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Rhet.) (a) A figure by which objections are anticipated or prevented. Abp. Bramhall. (b) A necessary truth or assumption; a first or assumed principle.

2. (Chron.)

Defn: An error in chronology, consisting in an event being dated before the actual time.

3. (Gram.)

Defn: The application of an adjective to a noun in anticipation, or to denote the result, of the action of the verb; as, to strike one dumb.

PROLEPTIC; PROLEPTICAL
Pro*lep"tic, Pro*lep"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. proleptique.]

1. Of or pertaining to prolepsis; anticipative. "A far-seeing or proleptic wisdom." De Quincey.

2. Previous; antecedent. Glanvill.

3. (Med.)

Defn: Anticipating the usual time; — applied to a periodical disease whose paroxysms return at an earlier hour at every repetition.

PROLEPTICALLY
Pro*lep"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a proleptical manner.

PROLEPTICS
Pro*lep"tics, n. (Med.)

Defn: The art and science of predicting in medicine. Laycock.

PROLETAIRE
Pro`lé`taire", n. Etym: [F. See Proletary.]

Defn: One of the common people; a low person; also, the common people as a class or estate in a country.

PROLETANEOUS
Prol`e*ta"ne*ous, a. Etym: [L. proletaneus.]

Defn: Having a numerous offspring. [R.]

PROLETARIAN
Prol`e*ta"ri*an, a. Etym: [L. proletarius. See Proletary.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the proletaries; belonging to the commonalty; hence, mean; vile; vulgar. "Every citizen, if he were not a proletarian animal kept at the public cost." De Quincey. — n.

Defn: A proletary.

PROLETARIAT
Prol`e*ta"ri*at, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The indigent class in the State; the body of proletarians.

PROLETARIATE
Prol`e*ta"ri*ate, n.

Defn: The lower classes; beggars. "The Italian proletariate." J. A.
Symonds.

PROLETARY Prol"e*ta*ry, n.; pl. Proletaries. Etym: [ L. proletarius, fr. proles offspring. Cf. Prolétaire.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A citizen of the lowest class, who served the state, not with property, but only by having children; hence, a common person.

PROLICIDE
Prol"i*cide, n. Etym: [L. proles offspring + caedere to kill.]

Defn: The crime of destroying one's offspring, either in the womb or after birth. Bouvier.

PROLIFERATE
Pro*lif"er*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. proles offspring + ferre to bear.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: To produce or form cells; especially, to produce cells rapidly.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: To produce zooids by budding.

PROLIFERATION
Pro*lif`er*a"tion, n.

1. (Biol.)

Defn: The continuous development of cells in tissue formation; cell formation. Virchow.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The production of numerous zooids by budding, especially when buds arise from other buds in succession.

PROLIFEROUS
Pro*lif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. proles offspring + -ferous.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing offspring; — applied to a flower from within which another is produced, or to a branch or frond from which another rises, or to a plant which is reproduced by buds or gemmæ.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) Producing young by budding. (b) Producing sexual zooids by budding; — said of the blastostyle of a hydroid. (c) Producing a cluster of branchlets from a larger branch; — said of corals. Proliferous cyst (Med.), a cyst that produces highly- organized or even vascular structures. Paget. — Pro*lif"er*ous*ly, adv.

PROLIFIC
Pro*lif"ic, a. Etym: [F. prolifique, fr. L. proles offspring (from
pro for, forward + the root of alere to nourish) + facere to make.
See Adult, Old, and Fact.]

1. Having the quality of generating; producing young or fruit; generative; fruitful; productive; — applied to plants producing fruit, animals producing young, etc.; — usually with the implied idea of frequent or numerous production; as, a prolific tree, female, and the like.

2. Serving to produce; fruitful of results; active; as, a prolific brain; a controversy prolific of evil.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Proliferous.

PROLIFICACY
Pro*lif"ic*a*cy, n.

Defn: Prolificness. [R.]

PROLIFICAL
Pro*lif"ic*al, a.

Defn: Producing young or fruit abundantly; fruitful; prolific.
— Pro*lif"ic*al*ly, adv.

PROLIFICATE
Pro*lif"ic*ate, v. t. Etym: [See Prolific.]

Defn: To make prolific; to fertilize; to impregnate. Sir T. Browne.

PROLIFICATION
Pro*lif`i*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. prolification, LL. prolificatio.]

1. The generation of young.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Reproduction by the growth of a plant, or part of a plant, directly from an older one, or by gemmæ.

PROLIFICNESS
Pro*lif"ic*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being prolific; fruitfulness; prolificacy.

PROLIX Pro*lix", a. Etym: [L. prolixus extended, long, prolix, probably fr. pro before, forward + liqui to flow, akin to liquidus liquid; cf. OL. lixa water: cf. F. prolixe. See Liquid.]

1. Extending to a great length; unnecessarily long; minute in narration or argument; excessively particular in detail; — rarely used except with reference to discourse written or spoken; as, a prolix oration; a prolix poem; a prolix sermon. With wig prolix, down flowing to his waist. Cowper.

2. Indulging in protracted discourse; tedious; wearisome; — applied to a speaker or writer.

Syn. — Long; diffuse; prolonged; protracted; tedious; tiresome; wearisome. — Prolix, Diffuse. A prolix writer delights in circumlocution, extended detail, and trifling particulars. A diffuse writer is fond of amplifying, and abounds in epithets, figures, and illustrations. Diffuseness often arises from an exuberance of imagination; prolixity is generally connected with a want of it.

PROLIXIOUS
Pro*lix"ious, a.

Defn: Dilatory; tedious; superfluous. [Obs.] "Lay by all nicety, and prolixious blushes." Shak.

PROLIXITY
Pro*lix"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. prolixitas: cf. F. prolixité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being prolix; great length; minute
detail; as, prolixity in discourses and writings. "For fulsomeness of
his prolixitee." Chaucer.
Idly running on with vain prolixity. Drayton.

PROLIXLY
Pro*lix"ly, adv.

Defn: In a prolix manner. Dryden.

PROLIXNESS
Pro*lix"ness, n.

Defn: Prolixity. Adam Smith.

PROLL Proll, v. t. Etym: [See Prowl.] [imp. & p. p. Prolled (; p. pr. & vb. n. Prolling.]

Defn: To search or prowl after; to rob; to plunder. [Obs.] Barrow.

PROLL
Proll, v. i.

Defn: To prowl about; to rob. [Obs.] South.
Though ye prolle aye, ye shall it never find. Chaucer.

PROLLER
Proll"er, n.

Defn: Prowler; thief. [Obs.] Chapman.

PROLOCUTOR Prol`o*cu"tor, n. Etym: [L., from proloqui, p. p. prolocutus, to speak out; pro for + loqui to speak.]

1. One who speaks for another. Jeffrey.

2. The presiding officer of a convocation. Macaulay.

PROLOCUTORSHIP
Pro`lo*cu"tor*ship, n.

Defn: The office of a prolocutor.

PROLOG
Pro"log, n. & v.

Defn: Prologue.

PROLOGIZE
Pro"lo*gize, v. i. Etym: [Gr. Prologue.]

Defn: To deliver a Prologue. [R.] Whewell.

PROLOGIZER
Pro"lo*gi`zer, n.

Defn: One who prologizes. [R.]

PROLOGUE
Pro"logue, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. prologus, fr. Gr. Logic.]

1. The preface or introduction to a discourse, poem, or performance; as, the prologue of Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales;" esp., a discourse or poem spoken before a dramatic performance

2. One who delivers a prologue. [R.] Shak.

PROLOGUE
Pro"logue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prologued; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prologuing.]

Defn: To introduce with a formal preface, or prologue. [R.] Shak.

PROLONG
Pro*long", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prolonged; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prolonging.] Etym: [F. prolonger, L. prolongare; pro before, forth +
longus long. See Long, a., and cf. Prolongate, Purloin. ]

1. To extend in space or length; as, to prolong a line.

2. To lengthen in time; to extend the duration of; to draw out; to continue; as, to prolong one's days. Prolong awhile the traitor's life. Shak. The unhappy queen with talk prolonged the night. Dryden.

3. To put off to a distant time; to postpone. Shak.

PROLONGABLE
Pro*long"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being prolonged; as, life is prolongable by care.
Each syllable being a prolongable quantity. Rush.

PROLONGATE
Pro*lon"gate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prolongated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prolongating.] Etym: [L. prolongatus, p. p. of prolongare. See
Prolong.]

Defn: To prolong; to extend in space or in time. [R.]

PROLONGATION
Pro`lon*ga"tion, n. Etym: [F. prolongation.]

1. The act of lengthening in space or in time; extension; protraction. Bacon.

2. That which forms an additional length.

PROLONGE
Pro*longe", n. Etym: [F. See Prolong.] (Field Artillery)

Defn: A rope with a hook and a toggle, sometimes used to drag a gun carriage or to lash it to the limber, and for various other purposes.

PROLONGER
Pro*long"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, causes an extension in time or space.

PROLONGMENT
Pro*long"ment, n.

Defn: Prolongation.

PROLUSION Pro*lu"sion, n. Etym: [L. prolusio, fr. proludere to prelude; pro before + ludere to play: cf. F. prolusion, It. prolusione.]

Defn: A trial before the principal performance; a prelude; hence, an introductory essay or exercise. "Domestic prolusions." Thackeray. Her presence was in some measure a restraint on the worthy divine, whose prolusion lasted. Sir W. Scott.

PROMANATION Prom`a*na"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + L. manatio a flowing, fr. manare to flow.]

Defn: The act of flowing forth; emanation; efflux. [Obs.] Dr. H.
More.

PROMENADE Prom`e*nade", n. Etym: [F. (with a foreign suffix), from promener to lead, take for a walk, se promener to walk, from L. prominare to drive forward or along; pro forward + minare to drive animals. See Amenable, Menace.]

1. A walk for pleasure, display, or exercise. Burke.

2. A place for walking; a public walk. Bp. Montagu.

PROMENADE
Prom`e*nade", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Promenaded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Promenading.]

Defn: To walk for pleasure, display, or exercise.

PROMENADER
Prom`e*nad"er, n.

Defn: One who promenades.

PROMERIT Pro*mer"it, v. t. Etym: [L. promeritus, p. p. of promerere to deserve; pro before + merere to merit.]

1. To oblige; to confer a favor on. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

2. To deserve; to procure by merit. [Obs.] Davenant.

PROMEROPS
Prom"e*rops, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of very brilliant birds belonging to Promerops, Epimarchus, and allied genera, closely related to the paradise birds, and mostly native of New Guinea. They have a long curved beak and a long graduated tail.

PROMETHEA
Pro*me"the*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Prometheus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large American bombycid moth (Callosamia promethea). Its larva feeds on the sassafras, wild cherry, and other trees, and suspends its cocoon from a branch by a silken band.

PROMETHEAN
Pro*me"the*an, a. Etym: [L. Promethus: cf. F. prométhéen.]

1. Of or pertaining to Prometheus. See Prometheus. "Promethean fire." Shak.

2. Having a life-giving quality; inspiring.

PROMETHEAN Pro*me"the*an, n. (Old Chem.) (a) An apparatus for automatic ignition. (b) A kind of lucifer match.

PROMETHEUS
Pro*me"the*us, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: The son of Iapetus (one of the Titans) and Clymene, fabled by the poets to have surpassed all mankind in knowledge, and to have formed men of clay to whom he gave life by means of fire stolen from heaven. Jupiter, being angry at this, sent Mercury to bind Prometheus to Mount Caucasus, where a vulture preyed upon his liver.

PROMINENCE; PROMINENCY Prom"i*nence, Prom"i*nen*cy, n. Etym: [L. prominentia: cf. F. prominence. See Prominent. ]

1. The quality or state of being prominent; a standing out from something; conspicuousness.

2. That which is prominent; a protuberance. Solar prominences. (Astron.) See Solar Protuberances, under Protuberance.

PROMINENT Prom"i*nent, a. Etym: [L. prominens, -entis, p. pr. of prominere to jut out, to project; pro before, forward + minere (in comp.) to jut, project: cf. F. prominent. See Imminent, Eminent.]

1. Standing out, or projecting, beyond the line surface of something; jutting; protuberant; in high relief; as, a prominent figure on a vase.

2. Hence; Distinctly manifest; likely to attract attention from its size or position; conspicuous; as, a prominent feature of the face; a prominent building.

3. Eminent; distinguished above others; as, a prominent character. Prominent' moth (Zoöl.), any moth of the family Notodontidæ; a notodontian; — so called because the larva has a hump or prominence on its back. Several of the species are injurious to fruit trees.

PROMINENTLY
Prom"i*nent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a prominent manner.

PROMISCUITY
Pro`mis*cu"i*ty, n.

Defn: Promiscuousness; confusion. H. Spencer.

PROMISCUOUS Pro*mis"cu*ous, a. Etym: [L. promiscuus; pro before, in place of, for + miscere to mix. See Mix. ]

1. Consisting of individuals united in a body or mass without order; mingled; confused; undistinguished; as, a promiscuous crowd or mass. A wild, where weeds and flowers promiscuous shoot. Pope.

2. Distributed or applied without order or discrimination; not restricted to an individual; common; indiscriminate; as, promiscuous love or intercourse.

PROMISCUOUSLY
Pro*mis"cu*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a promiscuous manner.

PROMISCUOUSNESS
Pro*mis"cu*ous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being promiscuous.

PROMISE Prom"ise, a. Etym: [F. promesse, L. promissum, fr. promittere, promissum, to put forth, foretell, promise; pro forward, for + mittere to send. See Mission. ]

1. In general, a declaration, written or verbal, made by one person to another, which binds the person who makes it to do, or to forbear to do, a specified act; a declaration which gives to the person to whom it is made a right to expect or to claim the performance or forbearance of a specified act. For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of promise: but God gave it to Abraham by promise. Gal. iii. 18.

2. (Law)

Defn: An engagement by one person to another, either in words or in writing, but properly not under seal, for the performance or nonperformance of some particular thing. The word promise is used to denote the mere engagement of a person, without regard to the consideration for it, or the corresponding duty of the party to whom it is made. Chitty. Parsons. Burrill.

3. That which causes hope, expectation, or assurance; especially, that which affords expectation of future distinction; as, a youth of great promise. Shak. My native country was full of youthful promise. W. Irving.

4. Bestowal, fulfillment, or grant of what is promised. He . . . commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father. Acts i. 4.

PROMISE
Prom"ise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Promised; p. pr. & vb. n. Promising.]

1. To engage to do, give, make, or to refrain from doing, giving, or making, or the like; to covenant; to engage; as, to promise a visit; to promise a cessation of hostilities; to promise the payment of money. "To promise aid." Shak.

2. To afford reason to expect; to cause hope or assurance of; as, the clouds promise rain. Milton.

3. To make declaration of or give assurance of, as some benefit to be conferred; to pledge or engage to bestow; as, the proprietors promised large tracts of land; the city promised a reward. Promised land. See Land of promise, under Land. — To promise one's self. (a) To resolve; to determine; to vow. (b) To be assured; to have strong confidence. I dare promise myself you will attest the truth of all I have advanced. Rambler.

PROMISE
Prom"ise, v. i.

1. To give assurance by a promise, or binding declaration.

2. To afford hopes or expectation; to give ground to expect good; rarely, to give reason to expect evil. Will not the ladies be afeard of the lion I fear it, I promise you. Shak.

PROMISEE
Prom`is*ee", n. (Law)

Defn: The person to whom a promise is made.

PROMISER
Prom"is*er, n.

Defn: One who promises.

PROMISING
Prom"is*ing, a.

Defn: Making a promise or promises; affording hope or assurance; as, promising person; a promising day. — Prom"is*ing*ly, adv.

PROMISOR
Prom"is*or, n. (Law)

Defn: One who engages or undertakes; a promiser. Burrill.

PROMISSIVE
Pro*mis"sive, a.

Defn: Making a promise; implying a promise; promising. [R.]

PROMISSORILY
Prom"is*so*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a promissory manner. Sir T. Browne.

PROMISSORY
Prom"is*so*ry, a.

Defn: Containing a promise or binding declaration of something to be done or forborne. Promissory note (Law), a written promise to pay to some person named, and at a time specified therein, or on demand, or at sight, a certain sum of money, absolutely and at all events; — frequently called a note of hand. Kent. Byles. Story.

PROMONT
Prom"ont, n.

Defn: Promontory. [R.] Drayton.

PROMONTORY Prom"on*to*ry, n.; pl. Promontories. Etym: [ L. promonturium, promunturium; pro before + mons, montis, mountain: cf. F. promontoire. See Mount, n.]

1. (Phys. Geog.)

Defn: A high point of land or rock projecting into the sea beyond the line of coast; a headland; a high cape. Like one that stands upon a promontory. Shak.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A projecting part. Especially: (a) The projecting angle of the ventral side of the sacrum where it joins the last lumbar vertebra. (b) A prominence on the inner wall of the tympanum of the ear.

PROMORPHOLOGICAL
Pro*mor`pho*log"ic*al, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to promorphology; as, a promorphological conception.

PROMORPHOLOGIST
Pro`mor*phol"o*gist, n. (Biol.)

Defn: One versed in the science of promorphology.

PROMORPHOLOGY
Pro`mor*phol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + morphology.] (Biol.)

Defn: Crystallography of organic forms; — a division of morphology created by Haeckel. It is essentially stereometric, and relates to a mathematical conception of organic forms. See Tectology.

PROMOTE
Pro*mote", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Promoted; p. pr. & vb. n. Promoting.]
Etym: [L. promotus, p. p. of promovere to move forward, to promote;
pro forward + movere to move. See Move.]

1. To contribute to the growth, enlargement, or prosperity of (any process or thing that is in course); to forward; to further; to encourage; to advance; to excite; as, to promote learning; to promote disorder; to promote a business venture. "Born to promote all truth." Milton.

2. To exalt in station, rank, or honor; to elevate; to raise; to prefer; to advance; as, to promote an officer. I will promote thee unto very great honor. Num. xxii. 17. Exalt her, and she shall promote thee. Prov. iv. 18.

Syn. — To forward; advance; further; patronize; help; exalt; prefer; elevate; dignify.

PROMOTE
Pro*mote", v. i.

Defn: To urge on or incite another, as to strife; also, to inform against a person. [Obs.]

PROMOTER
Pro*mot"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, forwards, advances, or promotes; an encourager; as, a promoter of charity or philosophy. Boyle.

2. Specifically, one who sets on foot, and takes the preliminary steps in, a scheme for the organization of a corporation, a joint- stock company, or the like.

3. One who excites; as, a promoter of sedition.

4. An informer; a makebate. [Obs.] Tusser.

PROMOTION
Pro*mo"tion, n. Etym: [L. promotio: cf. F. promotion.]

Defn: The act of promoting, advancing, or encouraging; the act of exalting in rank or honor; also, the condition of being advanced, encouraged, or exalted in honor; preferment. Milton. Promotion cometh neither from the east, nor from the west, nor from the south. Ps. lxxv. 6.

PROMOTIVE
Pro*mo"tive, a.

Defn: Tending to advance, promote, or encourage. Hume.

PROMOVE
Pro*move", v. t. Etym: [See Promote.]

Defn: To move forward; to advance; to promote. [Obs.] Bp. Fell.

PROMOVER
Pro*mov"er, n.

Defn: A promoter. [Obs.]

PROMPT Prompt, a. [Compar. Prompter; superl. Promptest.] Etym: [F. prompt, L. promptus, properly, brought forth (to light or view), hence, visible, evident, at hand, ready, quick, — p. p. of promere to take or bring forth; pro forth + emere to take. See Redeem. ]

1. Ready and quick to act as occasion demands; meeting requirements readily; not slow, dilatory, or hesitating in decision or action; responding on the instant; immediate; as, prompt in obedience or compliance; — said of persons. Very discerning and prompt in giving orders. Clarendon. Tell him I am prompt To lay my crown at's feet. Shak. Any you, perhaps, too prompt in your replies. Dryden.

2. Done or rendered quickly, readily, or immediately; given without delay or hesitation; — said of conduct; as, prompt assistance. When Washington heard the voice of his country in distress, his obedience was prompt. Ames.

3. Easy; unobstructed. [Obs.] The reception of the light into the body of the building was very prompt. Sir H. Wotton.

Syn. — Ready; expeditious; quick; agile; alert; brisk; nimble. — Prompt, Ready, Expeditious. One who is ready is prepared to act at the moment. One who is prompt acts at the moment. One who is expeditious carries through an undertaking with constant promptness.

PROMPT
Prompt, n. (Com.)

Defn: A limit of time given for payment of an account for produce purchased, this limit varying with different goods. See Prompt-note. To cover any probable difference of price which might arise before the expiration of the prompt, which for this article [tea] is three months. J. S. Mill.

PROMPT
Prompt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prompted; p. pr. & vb. n. Prompting.]

1. To assist or induce the action of; to move to action; to instigate; to incite. God first . . . prompted on the infirmities of the infant world by temporal prosperity. Jer. Taylor.

2. To suggest; to dictate. And whispering angles prompt her golden dreams. Pope.

3. To remind, as an actor or an orator, of words or topics forgotten.

PROMPT-BOOK
Prompt"-book` (, n.

Defn: The book used by a prompter of a theater.

PROMPTER
Prompt"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, prompts; one who admonishes or incites to action.

2. One who reminds another, as an actor or an orator, of the words to be spoken next; specifically, one employed for this purpose in a theater.

PROMPTITUDE
Prompt"i*tude, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. promptitudo. See Prompt, a.]

Defn: The quality of being prompt; quickness of decision and action when occasion demands; alacrity; as, promptitude in obedience. Men of action, of promptitude, and of courage. I. Taylor.

PROMPTLY
Prompt"ly, adv.

Defn: In a prompt manner.

PROMPTNESS
Prompt"ness, n.

1. Promptitude; readiness; quickness of decision or action.

2. Cheerful willingness; alacrity.

PROMPT-NOTE
Prompt"-note`, n. (Com.)

Defn: A memorandum of a sale, and time when payment is due, given to the purchaser at a sale of goods.

PROMPTUARY
Promp"tu*a*ry, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to preparation. [R.] Bacon.

PROMPTUARY Promp"tu*a*ry, n. Etym: [L. promptuarium, fr. promptuarius belonging to distribution, distributing: cf, F. promptuaire. See Prompt, a.]

Defn: That from which supplies are drawn; a storehouse; a magazine; a repository. Woodward.

PROMPTURE
Promp"ture, n. Etym: [See Prompt, a.]

Defn: Suggestion; incitement; prompting. [R.] Shak. Coleridge.

PROMULGATE
Pro*mul"gate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Promulgated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Promulgating.] Etym: [L. promulgatus, p. p. of promulgare to
promulgate; of unknown origin. Cf. Promulge.]

Defn: To make known by open declaration, as laws, decrees, or tidings; to publish; as, to promulgate the secrets of a council.

Syn.
— To publish; declare; proclaim. See Announce.

PROMULGATION
Pro`mul*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. promulgatio: cf. F. promulgation.]

Defn: The act of promulgating; publication; open declaration; as, the promulgation of the gospel. South.

PROMULGATOR
Pro"mul*ga`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who promulgates or publishes. Dr. H. More.

PROMULGE
Pro*mulge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Promulged; p. pr. & vb. n.
Promulging.] Etym: [Cf. F. promulguer. See Promulgate.]

Defn: To promulgate; to publish or teach. Blackstone. Extraordinary doctrines these for the age in which they were promulged. Prescott.

PROMULGER
Pro*mul"ger, n.

Defn: One who promulges or publishes what was before unknown.
Atterbury.

PROMUSCIS
Pro*mus"cis, n. Etym: [L., corruption of proboscis.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The proboscis of hemipterous insects. See Illust. under
Hemiptera.

PRONAOS
Pro*na"os, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: The porch or vestibule of a temple.

PRONATE
Pro"nate, a. Etym: [L. pronatus, p. p. of pronare to bend forward.
See Prone.]

Defn: Somewhat prone; inclined; as, pronate trees. Kane.

PRONATION Pro*na"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pronation.] (Physiol.) (a) The act of turning the palm or palmar surface of the forefoot downward. (b) That motion of the forearm whereby the palm or palmar, surface is turned downward. (c) The position of the limb resulting from the act of pronation. Opposed to supination.

PRONATOR
Pro*na"tor, n. Etym: [NL.] (Anat.)

Defn: A muscle which produces pronation.

PRONE Prone, a. Etym: [L. pronus, akin to Gr. pravana sloping, inclined, and also to L. pro forward, for. See Pro-.]

1. Bending forward; inclined; not erect. Towards him they bend With awful reverence prone. Milton.

2. Prostrate; flat; esp., lying with the face down; — opposed to
supine.
Which, as the wind, Blew where it listed, laying all things prone.
Byron.

3. Headlong; running downward or headlong. "Down thither prone in flight." Milton.

4. Sloping, with reference to a line or surface; declivous; inclined;
not level.
Since the floods demand, For their descent, a prone and sinking land.
Blackmore.

5. Inclined; propense; disposed; — applied to the mind or affections, usually in an ill sense. Followed by to. "Prone to mischief." Shak. Poets are nearly all prone to melancholy. Landor.

PRONELY
Prone"ly, adv.

Defn: In a prone manner or position.

PRONENESS
Prone"ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being prone, or of bending downward; as, the proneness of beasts is opposed to the erectness of man.

2. The state of lying with the face down; — opposed to supineness.

3. Descent; declivity; as, the proneness of a hill.

4. Inclination of mind, heart, or temper; propension; disposition; as, proneness to self-gratification.

PRONEPHRIC
Pro*neph"ric, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pronephros.

PRONEPHROS; PRONEPHRON
Pro*neph"ros, Pro*neph"ron (, n. Etym: [ NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The head kidney. See under Head.

PRONG Prong, n. Etym: [Cf. D. prangen to pinch, press, LG. prange a stick, or W. procio to thrust, E. prowl, pang.]

1. A sharp-pointed instrument. Prick it on a prong of iron. Sandys.

2. The tine of a fork, or of a similar instrument; as, a fork of two or three prongs.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) A sharp projection, as of an antler. (b) The fang of a tooth.

PRONGBUCK Prong"buck`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The springbuck. (b) The pronghorn.

PRONGED
Pronged, a.

Defn: Having prongs or projections like the tines of a fork; as, a three-pronged fork.

PRONG-HOE
Prong"-hoe`, n.

Defn: A hoe with prongs to break the earth.

PRONGHORN
Prong"horn`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An American antelope (Antilocapra Americana), native of the plain near the Rocky Mountains. The upper parts are mostly yellowish brown; the under parts, the sides of the head and throat, and the buttocks, are white. The horny sheath of the horns is shed annually. Called also cabrée, cabut, prongbuck, and pronghorned antelope.

PRONITY
Pro"ni*ty, n. Etym: [L. pronitas.]

Defn: Proneness; propensity. [R.] Dr. H. More.

PRONOMINAL
Pro*nom"i*nal, a. Etym: [L. pronominalis: cf. F. pronominal. See
Pronoun.]

Defn: Belonging to, or partaking of the nature of, a pronoun.

PRONOMINALIZE
Pro*nom"i*nal*ize, v. t.

Defn: To give the effect of a pronoun to; as, to pronominalize the substantives person, people, etc. Early.

PRONOMINALLY
Pro*nom"i*nal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pronominal manner

PRONONCE
Pro`non`cé", a. Etym: [F. See Pronounce.]

Defn: Strongly marked; decided, as in manners, etc.

PRONOTARY
Pro*no"ta*ry, n.

Defn: See Prothonotary.

PRONOTUM
Pro*no"tum, n.; pl. Pronota. Etym: [NL. See Pro-, and Notum.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The dorsal plate of the prothorax in insects. See Illust. of
Coleoptera.

PRONOUN
Pro"noun, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + noun: cf. F. pronom, L. pronomen.
See Noun.] (Gram.)

Defn: A word used instead of a noun or name, to avoid the repetition of it. The personal pronouns in English are I, thou or you, he, she, it, we, ye, and they.

PRONOUNCE
Pro*nounce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pronounced; p. pr. & vb. n.
Pronounging.] Etym: [F. prononcer, L. pronunciare; pro before, forth
+ nunciare, nuntiare, to announce. See Announce.]

1. To utter articulately; to speak out or distinctly; to utter, as words or syllables; to speak with the proper sound and accent as, adults rarely learn to pronounce a foreign language correctly.

2. To utter officially or solemnly; to deliver, as a decree or sentence; as, to pronounce sentence of death. Sternly he pronounced The rigid interdiction. Milton.

3. To speak or utter rhetorically; to deliver; to recite; as, to pronounce an oration. Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you. Shak.

4. To declare or affirm; as, he pronounced the book to be a libel; he pronounced the act to be a fraud. The God who hallowed thee and blessed, Pronouncing thee all good. Keble.

Syn.
— To deliver; utter; speak. See Deliver.

PRONOUNCE
Pro*nounce", v. i.

1. To give a pronunciation; to articulate; as, to pronounce faultlessly. Earle.

2. To make declaration; to utter on opinion; to speak with confidence. [R.] Dr. H. More.

PRONOUNCE
Pro*nounce", n.

Defn: Pronouncement; declaration; pronunciation. [Obs.] Milton.

PRONOUNCEABLE
Pro*nounce"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. L. pronunciabilis declarative.]

Defn: Capable of being pronounced.

PRONOUNCED
Pro*nounced", a. Etym: [F. prononcé.]

Defn: Strongly marked; unequivocal; decided.

Note: [A Gallicism]
[His] views became every day more pronounced. Thackeray.

PRONOUNCEMENT
Pro*nounce"ment, n.

Defn: The act of pronouncing; a declaration; a formal announcement.

PRONOUNCER
Pro*noun"cer, n.

Defn: One who pronounces, utters, or declares; also, a pronouncing book.

PRONOUNCING
Pro*noun"cing, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or indicating, pronunciation; as, a pronouncing dictionary.

PRONUBIAL Pro*nu"bi*al, a. Etym: [L. pronuba bridesmaid; pro before + nubere to marry.]

Defn: Presiding over marriage. [R.]

PRONUCLEUS
Pro*nu"cle*us, n.; pl. Pronuclei (-i). Etym: [NL. See Pro-, and
Nucleus.] (Biol.)

Defn: One of the two bodies or nuclei (called male and female pronuclei) which unite to form the first segmentation nucleus of an impregnated ovum.

Note: In the maturing of the ovum preparatory to impregnation, a part of the germinal vesicle (see Polar body, under Polar) becomes converted into a number of small vesicles, which aggregate themselves into a single clear nucleus. which travels towards the center of the egg and is called the female pronucleus. In impregnation, the spermatozoön which enters the egg soon loses its tail, while the head forms a nucleus, called the male pronucleus, which gradually travels towards the female pronucleus and eventually fuses with it, forming the first segmentation nucleus.

PRONUNCIAL
Pro*nun"cial, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pronunciation; pronunciative.

PRONUNCIAMENTO
Pro*nun`ci*a*men"to, n.

Defn: A proclamation or manifesto; a formal announcement or declaration.

PRONUNCIAMIENTO
Pro*nun`ci*a`mi"en"to, n. Etym: [Sp. See Pronounce.]

Defn: See Pronunciamento.

PRONUNCIATION
Pro*nun`ci*a"tion, n. Etym: [F. pronunciation, L. pronunciatio. See
Pronounce.]

1. The act of uttering with articulation; the act of giving the proper sound and accent; utterance; as, the pronunciation of syllables of words; distinct or indistinct pronunciation.

2. The mode of uttering words or sentences.

3. (Rhet.)

Defn: The art of manner of uttering a discourse publicly with propriety and gracefulness; — now called delivery. J. Q. Adams.

PRONUNCIATIVE
Pro*nun"ci*a*tive, a. Etym: [L. pronunciativus.]

1. Of or pertaining to pronunciation.

2. Uttering confidently; dogmatical. [Obs.] Bacon.

PRONUNCIATOR
Pro*nun"ci*a`tor, n. Etym: [L., a reciter.]

Defn: One who pronounces; a pronouncer.

PRONUNCIATORY
Pro*nun"ci*a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pronunciation; that pronounces.

PROOF Proof, n. Etym: [OF. prove, proeve, F. preuve, fr. L. proba, fr. probare to prove. See Prove.]

1. Any effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial. For whatsoever mother wit or art Could work, he put in proof. Spenser. You shall have many proofs to show your skill. Ford. Formerly, a very rude mode of ascertaining the strength of spirits was practiced, called the proof. Ure.

2. That degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments that induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration. I'll have some proof. Shak. It is no proof of a man's understanding to be able to confirm whatever he pleases. Emerson.

Note: Properly speaking, proof is the effect or result of evidence, evidence is the medium of proof. Cf. Demonstration, 1.

3. The quality or state of having been proved or tried; firmness or hardness that resists impression, or does not yield to force; impenetrability of physical bodies.

4. Firmness of mind; stability not to be shaken.

5. (Print.)

Defn: A trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination; — called also proof sheet.

6. (Math.)

Defn: A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed.
Cf. Prove, v. t., 5.

7. Armor of excellent or tried quality, and deemed impenetrable; properly, armor of proof. [Obs.] Shak. Artist's proof, a very early proof impression of an engraving, or the like; — often distinguished by the artist's signature. — Proof reader, one who reads, and marks correction in, proofs. See def. 5, above.

Syn.
— Testimony; evidence; reason; argument; trial; demonstration. See
Testimony.

PROOF
Proof, a.

1. Used in proving or testing; as, a proof load, or proof charge.

2. Firm or successful in resisting; as, proof against harm;
waterproof; bombproof.
I . . . have found thee Proof against all temptation. Milton.
This was a good, stout proof article of faith. Burke.

3. Being of a certain standard as to strength; — said of alcoholic liquors. Proof charge (Firearms), a charge of powder and ball, greater than the service charge, fired in an arm, as a gun or cannon, to test its strength. — Proof impression. See under Impression. — Proof load (Engin.), the greatest load than can be applied to a piece, as a beam, column, etc., without straining the piece beyond the elastic limit. — Proof sheet. See Proof, n., 5. — Proof spirit (Chem.), a strong distilled liquor, or mixture of alcohol and water, containing not less than a standard amount of alcohol. In the United States "proof spirit is defined by law to be that mixture of alcohol and water which contains one half of its volume of alcohol, the alcohol when at a temperature of 60º Fahrenheit being of specific gravity 0.7939 referred to water at its maximum density as unity. Proof spirit has at 60º Fahrenheit a specific gravity of 0.93353, 100 parts by volume of the same consisting of 50 parts of absolute alcohol and 53.71 parts of water," the apparent excess of water being due to contraction of the liquids on mixture. In England proof spirit is defined by Act 58, George III., to be such as shall at a temperature of 51º Fahrenheit weigh exactly the second, third, and fourth proof spirits respectively. — Proof staff, a straight-edge used by millers to test the flatness of a stone. — Proof stick (Sugar Manuf.), a rod in the side of a vacuum pan, for testing the consistency of the sirup. — Proof text, a passage of Scripture used to prove a doctrine. proof coin or proof, a coin which has been specially struck, to produce the finest specimen of its type.

Note: Usually such coins are double-struck from polished dies, and the raised features are sometimes frosted. They thus have sharper features and more mirror-like fields than production coins (i.e. those coins struck for circulation); they are considered by coin collectors as the most desirable specimens of each coin, and usually sell at a premium to their corresponding production coins.

PROOF-ARM
Proof`-arm", v. t.

Defn: To arm with proof armor; to arm securely; as, to proof-arm herself. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

PROOFLESS
Proof"less, a.

Defn: Wanting sufficient evidence to induce belief; not proved.
Boyle.
— Proof"less*ly, adv.

PROOF-PROOF
Proof"-proof`, a.

Defn: Proof against proofs; obstinate in the wrong. "That might have shown to any one who was not proof-proof." Whateley.

PROOSTRACUM; PROOESTRACUM
Pro*ös"tra*cum, n.; pl. Proöstraca. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The anterior prolongation of the guard of the phragmocone of belemnites and allied fossil cephalopods, whether horny or calcareous. See Illust. of Phragmocone.

PROOTIC; PROOETIC
Pro*ö"tic, a. Etym: [Pref. pro- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: In front of the auditory capsule; — applied especially to a bone, or center of ossification, in the periotic capsule. — n.

Defn: A proötic bone.

PROP
Prop, n.

Defn: A shell, used as a die. See Props.

PROP Prop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propped; p. pr. & vb. n. Propping.] Etym: [Akin to LG. & D. proppen to cram, stuff, thrust into, stop, G. pfropfen, Dan. proppe, Sw. proppa; of uncertain origin, cf. G. pfropfen to graft, fr. L. propago set, layer of a plant, slip, shoot. Cf. 3d. Prop, Propagate.]

Defn: To support, or prevent from falling, by placing something under or against; as, to prop up a fence or an old building; (Fig.) to sustain; to maintain; as, to prop a declining state. Shak. Till the bright mountains prop the incumbent sky. Pope. For being not propp'd by ancestry. Shak. I prop myself upon those few supports that are left me. Pope.

PROP
Prop, n. Etym: [Akin to LG., D., & Dan. prop stopple, stopper, cork,
Sw. propp, G. pfropf. See Prop, v.]

Defn: That which sustains an incumbent weight; that on which anything rests or leans for support; a support; a stay; as, a prop for a building. "Two props of virtue." Shak.

PROPAEDEUTIC; PROPAEDEUTICAL
Pro`pæ*deu"tic, Pro`pæ*deu"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or conveying, preliminary instruction; introductory to any art or science; instructing beforehand.

PROPAEDEUTICS
Pro`pæ*deu"tics, n.

Defn: The preliminary learning connected with any art or science; preparatory instruction.

PROPAGABLE
Prop"a*ga*ble, a. Etym: [See Propagate.]

1. Capable of being propagated, or of being continued or multiplied by natural generation or production.

2. Capable of being spread or extended by any means; — said of tenets, doctrines, or principles.

PROPAGANDA Prop`a*gan"da, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. L. de propaganda fide: cf. F. propagande. See Propagate.]

1. (R. C. Ch.) (a) A congregation of cardinals, established in 1622, charged with the management of missions. (b) The college of the Propaganda, instituted by Urban VIII. (1623- 1644) to educate priests for missions in all parts of the world.

2. Hence, any organization or plan for spreading a particular doctrine or a system of principles.

PROPAGANDISM
Prop`a*gan"dism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. propagandisme.]

Defn: The art or practice of propagating tenets or principles; zeal in propagating one's opinions.

PROPAGANDIST
Prop`a*gan"dist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. propagandiste.]

Defn: A person who devotes himself to the spread of any system of principles. "Political propagandists." Walsh.

PROPAGATE Prop"a*gate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propagated; p. pr. & vb. n. Propagating.] Etym: [L. propagatus, p. p. of propagare to propagate, akin to propages, propago, a layer of a plant, slip, shoot. See Pro-, and cf. Pact, Prop, Prune, v. t.]

1. To cause to continue or multiply by generation, or successive production; — applied to animals and plants; as, to propagate a breed of horses or sheep; to propagate a species of fruit tree.

2. To cause to spread to extend; to impel or continue forward in space; as, to propagate sound or light.

3. To spread from person to person; to extend the knowledge of; to originate and spread; to carry from place to place; to disseminate; as, to propagate a story or report; to propagate the Christian religion. The infection was propagated insensibly. De Foe.

4. To multiply; to increase. [Obs.] Griefs of mine own lie heavy in my breast, Which thou wilt propagate. Shak.

5. To generate; to produce. Motion propagated motion, and life threw off life. De Quincey.

Syn. — To multiply; continue; increase; spread; diffuse; disseminate; promote.

PROPAGATE
Prop"a*gate, v. i.

Defn: To have young or issue; to be produced or multiplied by
generation, or by new shoots or plants; as, rabbits propagate
rapidly.
No need that thou Should'st propagate, already infinite. Milton.

PROPAGATION
Prop`a*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. propagatio: cf. F. propagation.]

1. The act of propagating; continuance or multiplication of the kind by generation or successive production; as, the propagation of animals or plants. There is not in nature any spontaneous generation, but all come by propagation. Ray.

2. The spreading abroad, or extension, of anything; diffusion; dissemination; as, the propagation of sound; the propagation of the gospel. Bacon.

PROPAGATIVE
Prop"a*ga*tive, a.

Defn: Producing by propagation, or by a process of growth.

PROPAGATOR
Prop"a*ga`tor, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. propagateur.]

Defn: One who propagates; one who continues or multiplies.

PROPAGULUM
Pro*pag"u*lum, n.; pl. Propagula. Etym: [NL. See Propagate.] (Bot.)

Defn: A runner terminated by a germinating bud.

PROPANE
Pro"pane, n. Etym: [Propyl + methane.] (Chem.)

Defn: A heavy gaseous hydrocarbon, C3H8, of the paraffin series, occurring naturally dissolved in crude petroleum, and also made artificially; — called also propyl hydride.

PROPARGYL Pro*par"gyl, n. Etym: [Propinyl + Gr. -yl. So called because one hydrogen atom may be replaced by silver.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Propinyl.

PROPAROXYTONE
Pro`par*ox"y*tone, n. Etym: [Gr. Pro-, and Paroxytone.] (Gr. Gram.)

Defn: A word which has the acute accent on the antepenult.

PROPED
Pro"ped, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + L. pes, pedis, foot.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Proleg.

PROPEL
Pro*pel", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Propelling.]
Etym: [L. propellere, propulsum; pro forward + pellere to drive. See
Pulse a beating.]

Defn: To drive forward; to urge or press onward by force; to move, or cause to move; as, the wind or steam propels ships; balls are propelled by gunpowder.

PROPELLER
Pro*pel"ler, n.

1. One who, or that which, propels.

2. A contrivance for propelling a steam vessel, usually consisting of a screw placed in the stern under water, and made to revolve by an engine; a propeller wheel.

3. A steamboat thus propelled; a screw steamer. Propeller wheel,the screw, usually having two or more blades, used in propelling a vessel.

PROPEND Pro*pend", v. i. Etym: [L. propendere, propensum; pro forward, forth + pendere to hang. See Pendent.]

Defn: To lean toward a thing; to be favorably inclined or disposed; to incline; to tend. [R.] Shak. We shall propend to it, as a stone falleth down. Barrow.

PROPENDENCY
Pro*pend"en*cy, n.

1. Propensity. [R.]

2. Attentive deliberation. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

PROPENDENT
Pro*pend"ent, a. Etym: [L. propendens, p. pr.]

Defn: Inclining forward or toward. South.

PROPENE
Pro"pene, n. Etym: [Propyl + ethylene.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Propylene.

PROPENSE
Pro*pense" a. Etym: [L. propensus, p. p. See Propend.]

Defn: Leaning toward, in a moral sense; inclined; disposed; prone;
as, women propense to holiness. Hooker.
— Pro*pense"ly, adv.
— Pro*pense"ness, n.

PROPENSION
Pro*pen"sion, n. Etym: [L. propensio: cf. F. propension. See Propend,
Propense.]

Defn: The quality or state of being propense; propensity. M. Arnold.
Your full consent Gave wings to my propension. Shak.

PROPENSITY
Pro*pen"si*ty, n.; pl. Propensities (.

Defn: The quality or state of being propense; natural inclination; disposition to do good or evil; bias; bent; tendency. "A propensity to utter blasphemy." Macaulay.

Syn. — Disposition; bias; inclination; proclivity; proneness; bent; tendency.

PROPENYL
Pro"pe*nyl, n. Etym: [Propene + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hypothetical hydrocarbon radical, C3H5, isomeric with allyl and glyceryl, and regarded as the essential residue of glycerin. Cf. Allyl, and Glyceryl.

PROPEPSIN
Pro*pep"sin, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + pepsin.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: See Persinogen.

PROPEPTONE
Pro*pep"tone, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + peptone.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A product of gastric digestion intermediate between albumin and peptone, identical with hemialbumose.

PROPER
Prop"er, a. Etym: [OE. propre, F. propre, fr. L. proprius. Cf.
Appropriate.]

1. Belonging to one; one's own; individual. "His proper good" [i. e., his own possessions]. Chaucer. "My proper son." Shak. Now learn the difference, at your proper cost, Betwixt true valor and an empty boast. Dryden.

2. Belonging to the natural or essential constitution; peculiar; not common; particular; as, every animal has his proper instincts and appetites. Those high and peculiar attributes . . . which constitute our proper humanity. Coleridge.

3. Befitting one's nature, qualities, etc.; suitable in all respect; appropriate; right; fit; decent; as, water is the proper element for fish; a proper dress. The proper study of mankind is man. Pope. In Athens all was pleasure, mirth, and play, All proper to the spring, and sprightly May. Dryden.

4. Becoming in appearance; well formed; handsome. [Archaic] "Thou art a proper man." Chaucer. Moses . . . was hid three months of his parents, because they saw he was a proper child. Heb. xi. 23.

5. Pertaining to one of a species, but not common to the whole; not appellative; — opposed to common; as, a proper name; Dublin is the proper name of a city.

6. Rightly so called; strictly considered; as, Greece proper; the garden proper.

7. (Her.)

Defn: Represented in its natural color; — said of any object used as a charge. In proper, individually; privately. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. — Proper flower or corolla (Bot.), one of the single florets, or corollets, in an aggregate or compound flower. — Proper fraction (Arith.) a fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator. — Proper nectary (Bot.), a nectary separate from the petals and other parts of the flower. — Proper noun (Gram.), a name belonging to an individual, by which it is distinguished from others of the same class; — opposed to Ant: common noun; as, John, Boston, America. — Proper perianth or involucre (Bot.), that which incloses only a single flower. — Proper receptacle (Bot.), a receptacle which supports only a single flower or fructification.

PROPER
Prop"er, adv.

Defn: Properly; hence, to a great degree; very; as, proper good.
[Colloq & Vulgar]

PROPERATE Prop"er*ate, v. t. & i. Etym: [L. properatus, p. p. of properare to hasten.]

Defn: To hasten, or press forward. [Obs.]

PROPERATION
Prop`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. properatio.]

Defn: The act of hastening; haste. [Obs.] T. Adams.

PROPERISPOME
Pro*per"i*spome, n. (Gr. Gram.)

Defn: Properispomenon.

PROPERISPOMENON
Pro*per`i*spom"e*non, n.; pl. Properispomena. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.
Perispomenon.] (Gr. Gram.)

Defn: A word which has the circumflex accent on the penult.

PROPERLY
Prop"er*ly, adv.

1. In a proper manner; suitably; fitly; strictly; rightly; as, a word properly applied; a dress properly adjusted. Milton.

2. Individually; after one's own manner. [Obs.] Now, harkeneth, how I bare me properly. Chaucer.

PROPERNESS
Prop"er*ness, n.

1. The quality of being proper.

2. Tallness; comeliness. [Obs.] Udall.

PROPERTIED
Prop"er*tied, a.

Defn: Possessing property; holding real estate, or other investments of money. "The propertied and satisfied classes." M. Arnold.

PROPERTY
Prop"er*ty, n.; pl. Properties. Etym: [OE. proprete, OF. propreté
property, F. propreté neatness, cleanliness, propriété property, fr.
L. proprietas. See Proper, a., and cf. Propriety.]

1. That which is proper to anything; a peculiar quality of a thing; that which is inherent in a subject, or naturally essential to it; an attribute; as, sweetness is a property of sugar. Property is correctly a synonym for peculiar quality; but it is frequently used as coextensive with quality in general. Sir W. Hamilton.

Note: In physical science, the properties of matter are distinguished to the three following classes: 1. Physical properties, or those which result from the relations of bodies to the physical agents, light, heat, electricity, gravitation, cohesion, adhesion, etc., and which are exhibited without a change in the composition or kind of matter acted on. They are color, luster, opacity, transparency, hardness, sonorousness, density, crystalline form, solubility, capability of osmotic diffusion, vaporization, boiling, fusion, etc. 2. Chemical properties, or those which are conditioned by affinity and composition; thus, combustion, explosion, and certain solutions are reactions occasioned by chemical properties. Chemical properties are identical when there is identity of composition and structure, and change according as the composition changes. 3. Organoleptic properties, or those forming a class which can not be included in either of the other two divisions. They manifest themselves in the contact of substances with the organs of taste, touch, and smell, or otherwise affect the living organism, as in the manner of medicines and poisons.

2. An acquired or artificial quality; that which is given by art, or bestowed by man; as, the poem has the properties which constitute excellence.

3. The exclusive right of possessing, enjoying, and disposing of a thing; ownership; title. Here I disclaim all my paternal care, Propinquity and property of blood. Shak. Shall man assume a property in man Wordsworth.

4. That to which a person has a legal title, whether in his possession or not; thing owned; an estate, whether in lands, goods, or money; as, a man of large property, or small property.

5. pl.

Defn: All the adjuncts of a play except the scenery and the dresses of the actors; stage requisites. I will draw a bill of properties. Shak.

6. Propriety; correctness. [Obs.] Camden. Literary property. (Law) See under Literary. — Property man, one who has charge of the "properties" of a theater.

PROPERTY
Prop"er*ty, v. t.

1. To invest which properties, or qualities. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To make a property of; to appropriate. [Obs.] They have here propertied me. Shak.

PROPHANE
Pro*phane", a. & v. t.

Defn: See Profane. [Obs.]

PROPHASIS
Proph"a*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Pro-, and Phasis.] (Med.)

Defn: Foreknowledge of a disease; prognosis.

PROPHECY
Proph"e*cy, n.; pl. Prophecies, Etym: [OE. prophecie, OF. profecie,
F. prophétie, L. prophetia, fr. Gr. , fr. Prophet.]

1. A declaration of something to come; a foretelling; a prediction; esp., an inspired foretelling. He hearkens after prophecies and dreams. Shak. Prophecy came not in old time by the will of man. 2. Pet. i. 21.

2. (Script.)

Defn: A book of prophecies; a history; as, the prophecy of Ahijah. 2
Chron. ix. 29.

3. Public interpretation of Scripture; preaching; exhortation or instruction.

PROPHESIER
Proph"e*si`er, n.

Defn: A prophet. Shak.

PROPHESY
Proph"e*sy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prophesied; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prophesying.] Etym: [See Prophecy.]

1. To foretell; to predict; to prognosticate. He doth not prophesy good concerning me. 1 Kings xxii. 8. Then I perceive that will be verified Henry the Fifth did sometime prophesy. Shak.

2. To foreshow; to herald; to prefigure. Methought thy very gait did prophesy A royal nobleness; I must embrace thee. Shak.

PROPHESY
Proph"e*sy, v. i.

1. To utter predictions; to make declaration of events to come. Matt. xv. 7.

2. To give instruction in religious matters; to interpret or explain Scripture or religious subjects; to preach; to exhort; to expound. Ezek. xxxvii. 7.

PROPHET
Proph"et, n. Etym: [F. prophète, L. propheta, fr. Gr. Fame. ]

1. One who prophesies, or foretells events; a predicter; a foreteller.

2. One inspired or instructed by God to speak in his name, or announce future events, as, Moses, Elijah, etc.

3. An interpreter; a spokesman. [R.] Ex. vii. 1.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A mantis. School of the prophets (Anc. Jewish Hist.), a school or college in which young men were educated and trained for public teachers or members of the prophetic order. These students were called sons of the prophets.

PROPHETESS
Proph"et*ess, n. Etym: [Cf. F. prophétesse, L. prophetissa.]

Defn: A female prophet.

PROPHETIC; PROPHETICAL Pro*phet"ic, Pro*phet"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. propheticus, Gr. prophétique.]

Defn: Containing, or pertaining to, prophecy; foretelling events; as,
prophetic writings; prophetic dreams; — used with of before the
thing foretold.
And fears are oft prophetic of the event. Dryden.

PROPHETICALITY
Pro*phet`ic*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: Propheticalness.

PROPHETICALLY
Pro*phet"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a prophetical manner; by way of prediction.

PROPHETICALNESS
Pro*phet"ic*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being prophetical; power or capacity to foretell.

PROPHETIZE
Proph"et*ize, v. i. Etym: [L. prophetizare, Gr. prophétiser. Cf.
Prophesy.]

Defn: To give predictions; to foreshow events; to prophesy. [R.]
"Prophetizing dreams." Daniel.

PROPHORIC
Pro*phor"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Enunciative. [R.]

PROPHRAGMA
Pro*phrag"ma, n.; pl. Prophragmata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An internal dorsal chitinous process between the first two divisions of the thorax of insects.

PROPHYLACTIC
Proph`y*lac"tic, n. Etym: [Cf. F. prophylactique.] (Med.)

Defn: A medicine which preserves or defends against disease; a preventive.

PROPHYLACTIC; PROPHYLACTICAL
Proph`y*lac"tic, Proph`y*lac"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. prophylactique.]
(Med.)

Defn: Defending or preserving from disease; preventive. Coxe.

PROPHYLAXIS
Proph`y*lax"is, n. Etym: [NL. See Prophylactic.] (Med.)

Defn: The art of preserving from, or of preventing, disease; the observance of the rules necessary for the preservation of health; preservative or preventive treatment.

PROPICE
Pro*pice", a. Etym: [OE., fr. F. propice, See Propitious.]

Defn: Fit; propitious. [Obs.] E. Hall.

PROPIDENE
Pro"pi*dene, n. Etym: [Propyl + ethylidene.] (Chem.)

Defn: The unsymmetrical hypothetical hydrocarbon radical, CH3.CH2.CH, analogous to ethylidene, and regarded as the type of certain derivatives of propane; — called also propylidene.

PROPINATION
Prop`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. propinatio. See Propine.]

Defn: The act of pledging, or drinking first, and then offering the cup to another. [Obs.] Abp. Potter.

PROPINE
Pro*pine", v. t. Etym: [L. propinare, Gr.

1. To pledge; to offer as a toast or a health in the manner of drinking, that is, by drinking first and passing the cup. [Obs.] The lovely sorceress mixed, and to the prince Health, peace, and joy propined. C. Smart.

2. Hence, to give in token of friendship. [Obs.]

3. To give, or deliver; to subject. [Obs.] Fotherby.

PROPINE
Pro*pine", n.

1. A pledge. [Obs. or Scot.]

2. A gift; esp., drink money. [Obs or Scot.]

PROPINE
Pro"pine, n. Etym: [Propyl + ethine.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Allylene.

PROPINQUITY Pro*pin"qui*ty, n. Etym: [L. propinquitas, from propinquus near, neighboring, from prope near.]

1. Nearness in place; neighborhood; proximity.

2. Nearness in time. Sir T. Browne.

3. Nearness of blood; kindred; affinity. Shak.

PROPINYL
Pro"pi*nyl, n. Etym: [Propine + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon radical regarded as an essential residue of propine and allied compounds.

PROPIOLATE
Pro"pi*o*late, n.

Defn: A salt of propiolic acid.

PROPIOLIC
Pro`pi*ol"ic, a. Etym: [Propionic + tetrolic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid (called also propargylic acid) of the acetylene or tetrolic series, analogous to propionic acid, and obtained as a white crystalline substance.C3H2O2, CH.C.COOH

PROPIONATE
Pro"pi*o*nate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of propionic acid.

PROPIONE
Pro"pi*one, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The ketone of propionic acid, obtained as a colorless fragrant liquid.

PROPIONIC
Pro`pi*on"ic, a. Etym: [Proto- + Gr. pi`wn fat.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an organic acid which is produced in the distillation of wood, in the fermentation of various organic substances, as glycerin, calcium lactate, etc., and is obtained as a colorless liquid having a sharp, pungent odor. Propionic acid is so called because it is the first or lowest member of the fatty acid series whose salts have a fatty feel.

PROPIONYL
Pro"pi*o*nyl, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The hypothetical radical C3H5O, regarded as the essential residue of propionic acid and certain related compounds.

PROPITHECUS
Prop`i*the"cus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus including the long-tailed, or diadem, indris. See
Indris.

PROPITIABLE
Pro*pi"ti*a*ble, a. Etym: [L. propitiabilis.]

Defn: Capable of being propitiated.

PROPITIATE
Pro*pi"ti*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propitiated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Propitiating.] Etym: [L. propitiatus, p. p. of propitiare to
propitiate, fr. propitius favorable. See Propitious.]

Defn: To appease to render favorable; to make propitious; to
conciliate.
Let fierce Achilles, dreadful in his rage, The god propitiate, and
the pest assuage. Pope.

PROPITIATE
Pro*pi"ti*ate, v. i.

Defn: To make propitiation; to atone.

PROPITIATION
Pro*pi`ti*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. propitiatio: cf. F. propitiation.]

1. The act of appeasing the wrath and conciliating the favor of an offended person; the act of making propitious.

2. (Theol.)

Defn: That which propitiates; atonement or atoning sacrifice; specifically, the influence or effects of the death of Christ in appeasing the divine justice, and conciliating the divine favor. He [Jesus Christ] is the propitiation for our sins. 1 John ii. 2.

PROPITIATOR
Pro*pi"ti*a`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who propitiates or appeases.

PROPITIATORILY
Pro*pi"ti*a*to*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of propitiation.

PROPITIATORY Pro*pi"ti*a*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. propitiatorius: cf. F. propitiatoire.]

Defn: Having the power to make propitious; pertaining to, or employed in, propitiation; expiatory; as, a propitiatory sacrifice. Sharp.

PROPITIATORY
Pro*pi"ti*a*to*ry, n. Etym: [L. propitiatorium.] (Jewish Antiq.)

Defn: The mercy seat; — so called because a symbol of the propitiated Jehovah. Bp. Pearson.

PROPITIOUS Pro*pi"tious, a. Etym: [L. propitius, perhaps originally a term of augury meaning, flying forward (pro) or well; cf. Skr. pat to fly, E. petition, feather.]

1. Convenient; auspicious; favorable; kind; as, a propitious season; a propitious breeze.

2. Hence, kind; gracious; merciful; helpful; — said of a person or a divinity. Milton. And now t' assuage the force of this new flame, And make thee [Love] more propitious in my need. Spenser.

Syn. — Auspicious; favorable; kind. — Propitious, Auspicious. Auspicious (from the ancient idea of auspices, or omens) denotes "indicative of success," or "favored by incidental occurrences;" as, an auspicious opening; an auspicious event. Propitious denotes that which efficaciously protect us in some undertaking, speeds our exertions, and decides our success; as, propitious gales; propitious influences. — Pro*pi"tious*ly, adv. — Pro*pi"tious*ness, n.

PROPLASM
Pro"plasm, n. Etym: [L. proplasma, Gr.

Defn: A mold; a matrix. [R.] Woodward.

PROPLASTIC
Pro*plas"tic, a.

Defn: Forming a mold.

PROPLASTICS
Pro*plas"tics, n.

Defn: The art of making molds for castings. [R.]

PROPLEG Prop"leg`, n. Etym: [So called because it props up or supports the body.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Proleg.

PROPODIAL
Pro*po"di*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the propodialia, or the parts of the limbs to which they belong.

PROPODIALE
Pro*po`di*a"le, n.; pl. Propodialia.. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The bone of either the upper arm or the thing, the propodialia being the humerus and femur.

PROPODITE
Prop"o*dite, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The sixth joint of a typical leg of a crustacean; usually, the penultimate joint.

PROPODIUM Pro*po"di*um, n.; pl. Propodia. Etym: [NL. See Propodiale.] (Zoöl.) (a) The anterior portion of the foot of a mollusk. (b) The segment which forms the posterior part of the thorax of a hymenopterous insect. [Written also propodeum.]

PROPOLIS
Pro"po*lis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: Same as Bee glue, under Bee.

PROPONE
Pro*pone", v. t. Etym: [L. proponere to propose. See Propound.]

Defn: To propose; to bring forward.

PROPONENT
Pro*po"nent, a. Etym: [L. proponens, p. pr.]

Defn: Making proposals; proposing.

PROPONENT
Pro*po"nent, n.

1. One who makes a proposal, or lays down a proposition. Dryden.

2. (Law)

Defn: The propounder of a thing.

PROPORTION Pro*por"tion, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. proportio; pro before + portio part or share. See Portion.]

1. The relation or adaptation of one portion to another, or to the whole, as respect magnitude, quantity, or degree; comparative relation; ratio; as, the proportion of the parts of a building, or of the body. The image of Christ, made after his own proportion. Ridley. Formed in the best proportions of her sex. Sir W. Scott. Documents are authentic and facts are true precisely in proportion to the support which they afford to his theory. Macaulay.

2. Harmonic relation between parts, or between different things of the same kind; symmetrical arrangement or adjustment; symmetry; as, to be out of proportion. "Let us prophesy according to the proportion of faith." Rom. xii. 6.

3. The portion one receives when a whole is distributed by a rule or principle; equal or proper share; lot. Let the women . . . do the same things in their proportions and capacities. Jer. Taylor.

4. A part considered comparatively; a share.

5. (Math.) (a) The equality or similarity of ratios, especially of geometrical ratios; or a relation among quantities such that the quotient of the first divided by the second is equal to that of the third divided by the fourth; — called also geometrical proportion, in distinction from arithmetical proportion, or that in which the difference of the first and second is equal to the difference of the third and fourth.

Note: Proportion in the mathematical sense differs from ratio. Ratio is the relation of two quantities of the same kind, as the ratio of 5 to 10, or the ratio of 8 to 16. Proportion is the sameness or likeness of two such relations. Thus, 5 to 10 as 8 to 16; that is, 5 bears the same relation to 10 as 8 does to 16. Hence, such numbers are said to be in proportion. Proportion is expressed by symbols thus: a:b::c:d, or a:b = c:d, or a/b = c/d. (b) The rule of three, in arithmetic, in which the three given terms, together with the one sought, are proportional. Continued proportion, Inverse proportion, etc. See under Continued, Inverse, etc. — Harmonical, or Musical, proportion, a relation of three or four quantities, such that the first is to the last as the difference between the first two is to the difference between the last two; thus, 2, 3, 6, are in harmonical proportion; for 2 is to 6 as 1 to 3. Thus, 24, 16, 12, 9, are harmonical, for 24:9::8:3. — In proportion, according as; to the degree that. "In proportion as they are metaphysically true, they are morally and politically false." Burke.

PROPORTION
Pro*por"tion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proportioned; p. pr. & vb. n.
Proportioning.] Etym: [Cf. F. proportionner. Cf. Proportionate, v.]

1. To adjust in a suitable proportion, as one thing or one part to another; as, to proportion the size of a building to its height; to proportion our expenditures to our income. In the loss of an object we do not proportion our grief to the real value . . . but to the value our fancies set upon it. Addison.

2. To form with symmetry or suitableness, as the parts of the body. Nature had proportioned her without any fault. Sir P. Sidney.

3. To divide into equal or just shares; to apportion.

PROPORTIONABLE
Pro*por"tion*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being proportioned, or made proportional; also,
proportional; proportionate.
— Pro*por"tion*a*ble*ness, n.
But eloquence may exist without a proportionable degree of wisdom.
Burke.
Proportionable, which is no longer much favored, was of our [i. e.,
English writers'] own coining. Fitzed. Hall.

PROPORTIONABLY
Pro*por"tion*a*bly, adv.

Defn: Proportionally. Locke.

PROPORTIONAL
Pro*por"tion*al, a. Etym: [L. proportionalis: cf. F. proportionnel.]

1. Having a due proportion, or comparative relation; being in suitable proportion or degree; as, the parts of an edifice are proportional. Milton.

2. Relating to, or securing, proportion. Hutton. 3. (Math.) Constituting a proportion; having the same, or a constant, ratio; as, proportional quantities; momentum is proportional to quantity of matter. Proportional logarithms, logistic logarithms. See under Logistic. — Proportional scale, a scale on which are marked parts proportional to the logarithms of the natural numbers; a logarithmic scale. — Proportional scales, compasses, dividers, etc. (Draughting), instruments used in making copies of drawings, or drawings of objects, on an enlarged or reduced scale.

PROPORTIONAL
Pro*por"tion*al, n.

1. (Math.)

Defn: Any number or quantity in a proportion; as, a mean proportional.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: The combining weight or equivalent of an element. [Obs.]

PROPORTIONALITY
Pro*por`tion*al"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. proportionnalité.]

Defn: The state of being in proportion. Coleridge.

PROPORTIONALLY
Pro*por"tion*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In proportion; in due degree; adapted relatively; as, all parts of the building are proportionally large. Sir I. Newton.

PROPORTIONATE
Pro*por"tion*ate, a. Etym: [L. proportionatus. See Proportion.]

Defn: Adjusted to something else according to a proportion; proportional. Longfellow. What is proportionate to his transgression. Locke.

PROPORTIONATE
Pro*por"tion*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proportionated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Proportionating.] Etym: [Cf. Proportion, v.]

Defn: To make proportional; to adjust according to a settled rate, or to due comparative relation; to proportion; as, to proportionate punishment to crimes.

PROPORTIONATELY
Pro*por"tion*ate*ly (, adv.

Defn: In a proportionate manner; with due proportion; proportionally.

PROPORTIONATENESS
Pro*por"tion*ate*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being proportionate. Sir M. Hale.

PROPORTIONLESS
Pro*por"tion*less, a.

Defn: Without proportion; unsymmetrical.

PROPORTIONMENT
Pro*por"tion*ment, n.

Defn: The act or process of dividing out proportionally.

PROPOSAL
Pro*pos"al, n. Etym: [From Propose.]

1. That which is proposed, or propounded for consideration or acceptance; a scheme or design; terms or conditions proposed; offer; as, to make proposals for a treaty of peace; to offer proposals for erecting a building; to make proposals of marriage. "To put forth proposals for a book." Macaulay.

2. (Law)

Defn: The offer by a party of what he has in view as to an intended business transaction, which, with acceptance, constitutes a contract.

Syn.
— Proffer; tender; overture. See Proposition.

PROPOSE
Pro*pose", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proposed; p. pr. & vb. n. Proposing.]
Etym: [F. proposer; pref. pro- (L. pro for, forward) + poser to
place. See Pose, v.]

1. To set forth. [Obs.] That being proposed brimfull of wine, one scarce could lift it up. Chapman.

2. To offer for consideration, discussion, acceptance, or adoption; as, to propose terms of peace; to propose a question for discussion; to propose an alliance; to propose a person for office.

3. To set before one's self or others as a purpose formed; hence, to
purpose; to intend.
I propose to relate, in several volumes, the history of the people of
New England. Palfrey. To propose to one's self, to intend; to design.

PROPOSE
Pro*pose", v. i.

1. To speak; to converse. [Obs.] There shalt thou find my cousin Beatrice, Proposing with the prince and Claudio. Shak.

2. To form or declare a purpose or intention; to lay a scheme; to design; as, man proposes, but God disposes.

3. To offer one's self in marriage.

PROPOSE Pro*pose", n. Etym: [F. propos, L. propositum. See Propound, Purpose, n.]

Defn: Talk; discourse. [Obs.] Shak.

PROPOSER
Pro*pos"er, n.

1. One who proposes or offers anything for consideration or adoption.

2. A speaker; an orator. [Obs.] Shak.

PROPOSITION
Prop`o*si"tion, n. Etym: [L. propositio: cf. F. proposition. See
Propound.]

1. The act of setting or placing before; the act of offering. "Oblations for the altar of proposition." Jer. Taylor.

2. That which is proposed; that which is offered, as for consideration, acceptance, or adoption; a proposal; as, the enemy made propositions of peace; his proposition was not accepted.

3. A statement of religious doctrine; an article of faith; creed; as, the propositions of Wyclif and Huss. Some persons . . . change their propositions according as their temporal necessities or advantages do turn. Jer. Taylor.

4. (Gram. & Logic)

Defn: A complete sentence, or part of a sentence consisting of a subject and predicate united by a copula; a thought expressed or propounded in language; a from of speech in which a predicate is affirmed or denied of a subject; as, snow is white.

5. (Math.)

Defn: A statement in terms of a truth to be demonstrated, or of an operation to be performed.

Note: It is called a theorem when it is something to be proved, and a problem when it is something to be done.

6. (Rhet.)

Defn: That which is offered or affirmed as the subject of the discourse; anything stated or affirmed for discussion or illustration.

7. (Poetry)

Defn: The part of a poem in which the author states the subject or matter of it. Leaves of proposition (Jewish Antiq.), the showbread. Wyclif (Luke vi. 4).

Syn. — Proposal; offer; statement; declaration. — Proposition, Proposal. These words are both from the Latin verb proponere, to set forth, and as here compared they mark different forms or stages of a negotiation. A proposition is something presented for discussion or consideration; as, propositions of peace. A proposal is some definite thing offered by one party to be accepted or rejected by the other. If the proposition is favorably received, it is usually followed by proposals which complete the arrangement.

PROPOSITIONAL
Prop`o*si"tion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or in the nature of, a proposition; considered as a proposition; as, a propositional sense. I. Watts.

PROPOUND
Pro*pound", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Propounded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Propounding.] Etym: [From earlier propone, L. proponere, propositum,
to set forth, propose, propound; pro for, before + ponere to put. See
Position, and cf. Provost.]

1. To offer for consideration; to exhibit; to propose; as, to propound a question; to propound an argument. Shak. And darest thou to the Son of God propound To worship thee, accursed Milton. It is strange folly to set ourselves no mark, to propound no end, in the hearing of the gospel. Coleridge.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: To propose or name as a candidate for admission to communion with a church.

PROPOUNDER
Pro*pound"er, n.

Defn: One who propounds, proposes, or offers for consideration.
Chillingworth.

PROPRETOR Pro*pre"tor, n. Etym: [L. propraetor; pro for, before + praetor a pretor.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A magistrate who, having been pretor at home, was appointed to the government of a province. [Written also proprætor.]

PROPRIETARY
Pro*pri"e*ta*ry, n.; pl. Proprietaries. Etym: [L. proprietarius: cf.
F. propriétaire. See Propriety, and cf. Proprietor.]

1. A proprietor or owner; one who has exclusive title to a thing; one who possesses, or holds the title to, a thing in his own right. Fuller.

2. A body proprietors, taken collectively.

3. (Eccl.)

Defn: A monk who had reserved goods and effects to himself, notwithstanding his renunciation of all at the time of profession.

PROPRIETARY
Pro*pri"e*ta*ry, a. Etym: [L. proprietarius.]

Defn: Belonging, or pertaining, to a proprietor; considered as property; owned; as, proprietary medicine. Proprietary articles, manufactured articles which some person or persons have exclusive right to make and sell. U. S. Statutes.

PROPRIETOR
Pro*pri"e*tor, n. Etym: [For older proprietary: cf. F. propriétarie.]

Defn: One who has the legal right or exclusive title to anything, whether in possession or not; an owner; as, the proprietor of farm or of a mill.

PROPRIETORIAL
Pro*pri`e*to"ri*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to ownership; proprietary; as, proprietorial rights.

PROPRIETORSHIP
Pro*pri"e*tor*ship, n.

Defn: The state of being proprietor; ownership.

PROPRIETRESS
Pro*pri"e*tress, n.

Defn: A female proprietor.

PROPRIETY Pro*pri"e*ty, n.; pl. Proprieties. Etym: [F. propriété, L. proprietas, fr. proprius one's own, proper. See Property, Proper.]

1. Individual right to hold property; ownership by personal title; property. [Obs.] "Onles this propriety be exiled." Robynson (More's Utopia). So are the proprieties of a wife to be disposed of by her lord, and yet all are for her provisions, it being a part of his need to refresh and supply hers. Jer. Taylor.

2. That which is proper or peculiar; an inherent property or quality; peculiarity. [Obs.] Bacon. We find no mention hereof in ancient zoögraphers, . . . who seldom forget proprieties of such a nature. Sir T. Browne.

3. The quality or state of being proper; suitableness to an acknowledged or correct standard or rule; consonance with established principles, rules, or customs; fitness; appropriateness; as, propriety of behavior, language, manners, etc. "The rule of propriety," Locke.

PROPROCTOR
Pro*proc"tor, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + proctor.] [Eng. Univ.]

Defn: A assistant proctor. Hook.

PROPS
Props, n. pl.

Defn: A game of chance, in which four sea shells, each called a prop, are used instead of dice.

PROPTERYGIUM
Prop`te*ryg"i*um, n; pl. Propterygia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The anterior of three principal cartilages in the fins of some
fishes.
— Prop`ter*yg"i*al, a.

PROPUGN
Pro*pugn", v. t. Etym: [L. propugnare; pro for + pugnare to fight.]

Defn: To contend for; to defend; to vindicate. [Obs.] Hammond.

PROPUGNACLE
Pro*pug"na*cle, n. Etym: [L. propugnaculum.]

Defn: A fortress. [Obs.] Howell.

PROPUGNATION
Pro`pug*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. propugnatio.]

Defn: Means of defense; defense. [Obs.] Shak.

PROPUGNER
Pro*pugn"er, n.

Defn: A defender; a vindicator. "Zealous propugners." Gov. of Tongue.

PROPULSATION
Pro`pul*sa"tion, n. Etym: [L. propulsatio. See Propulse.]

Defn: The act of driving away or repelling; a keeping at a distance.
[Obs.] Bp. Hall.

PROPULSE Pro*pulse", v. t. Etym: [L. propulsare, v. intens. from propellere to propel. See Propel.]

Defn: To repel; to drive off or away. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

PROPULSION
Pro*pul"sion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. propulsion. See Propel.]

1. The act driving forward or away; the act or process of propelling; as, steam propulsion.

2. An impelling act or movement. God works in all things; all obey His first propulsion. Whittier.

PROPULSIVE
Pro*pul"sive, a.

Defn: Tending, or having power, to propel; driving on; urging. "[The] propulsive movement of the verse." Coleridge.

PROPULSORY
Pro*pul"so*ry, a.

Defn: Propulsive.

PROPYL
Pro"pyl, n. Etym: [Propionic + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: The hypothetical radical C3H7, regarded as the essential residue of propane and related compounds.

PROPYLAEUM
Prop`y*læ"um, n.; pl. Propylæa. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Anc. Classical
Arch.)

Defn: Any court or vestibule before a building or leading into any inclosure.

PROPYLENE
Pro"pyl*ene, n. Etym: [Cf. F. propylène.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless gaseous hydrocarbon (C3H6) of the ethylene series, having a garlic odor. It occurs in coal gas, and is produced artificially in various ways. Called also propene.

PROPYLIC
Pro*pyl"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, propyl; as, propylic alcohol.

PROPYLIDENE
Pro*pyl"i*dene, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Propidene.

PROPYLON
Prop"y*lon, n.; pl. Propyla. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Anc. Arch.)

Defn: The porch, vestibule, or entrance of an edifice.

PRO RATA
Pro` ra"ta. Etym: [L.]

Defn: In proportion; proportionately; according to the share, interest, or liability of each.

PRORATABLE
Pro*rat"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being prorated, or divided proportionately. [U.S.]

PRORATE
Pro*rate", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prorated; p. pr. & vb. n. Prorating.]
Etym: [From L. pro rata (sc. parte) according to a certain part, in
proportion.]

Defn: To divide or distribute proportionally; to assess pro rata.
[U.S.]

PRORE
Prore, n. Etym: [L. prora, Gr. prora. See Prow, n.]

Defn: The prow or fore part of a ship. [Poetic] "Galleys with vermilion prores." Pope.

PRORECTOR
Pro*rec"tor, n. Etym: [NL. See Pro-, and Rector.]

Defn: An officer who presides over the academic senate of a German university. Heyse.

PRORECTORATE
Pro*rec"tor*ate, n.

Defn: The office of prorector.

PRORENAL
Pro*re"nal, a. Etym: [Pref. pro- + renal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Pronephric.

PROREPTION Pro*rep"tion, n. Etym: [L. prorepere, proreptum, to creep forth; pro + repere.]

Defn: A creeping on.

PRORHINAL
Pro*rhi"nal, a. Etym: [Pref. pro- + rhinal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Situated in front of the nasal chambers.

PROROGATE
Pro"ro*gate, v. t.

Defn: To prorogue. [R.]

PROROGATION
Pro`ro*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. prorogatio: cf. F. prorogation.]

1. The act of counting in duration; prolongation. [Obs.] South.

2. The act of proroguing; the ending of the session of Parliament, and postponing of its business, by the command of the sovereign. [Eng.]

Note: After an adjournment all things continue as they were at the adjournment; whereas, after a prorogation, bill introduced and nut passed are as if they had never been begun at all. Mozley & W.

PROROGUE Pro*rogue", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prorogued; p. pr. & vb. n. Proroguing.] Etym: [F. proroger, L. prorogare, prorogatum; pro forward + rogare to ask, to ask one for his opinion or vote, or about a law. See Rogation.]

1. To protract; to prolong; to extend. [Obs.] He prorogued his government. Dryden.

2. To defer; to delay; to postpone; as, to proroguedeath; to prorogue a marriage. Shak.

3. To end the session of a parliament by an order of the sovereign, thus deferring its business. Parliament was prorogued to [meet at] Westminster. Bp. Hall. The Parliament was again prorogued to a distant day. Macaulay.

Syn.
— To adjourn; postpone; defer. See Adjourn.

PRORUPTION Pro*rup"tion, n. Etym: [L. proruptio, fr. prorumpere, proruptum, to break forth; pro forth + rumpere to break.]

Defn: The act or state of bursting forth; a bursting out. [R.] Sir T.
Browne.

PROSAIC; PROSAICAL
Pro*sa"ic, Pro*sa"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. prosaius, from prosa prose: cf.
F,. prosaïque. See Prose.]

1. Of or pertaining to prose; resembling prose; in the form of prose; unpoetical; writing or using prose; as, a prosaic composition. Cudworth.

2. Dull; uninteresting; commonplace; unimaginative; prosy; as, a
prosaic person. Ed. Rev.
— Pro*sa"ic*al*ly, adv.
— Pro*sa"ic*al*ness, n.

PROSAICISM
Pro*sa"i*cism, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being prosaic; a prosaic manner or style. [R.] Poe.

PROSAISM
Pro"sa*ism, n.

Defn: That which is in the form of prose writing; a prosaic manner.
Coleridge.

PROSAIST
Pro"sa*ist, n.

Defn: A writer of prose; an unpoetical writer. "An estimable prosaist." I. Taylor.

PROSAL
Pro"sal, a

Defn: Of or pertaining to prose; prosaic. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

PROSCENIUM
Pro*sce"ni*um, n.; pl. Proscenia. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Scene.]

1. (Anc. Theater)

Defn: The part where the actors performed; the stage.

2. (Modern Theater)

Defn: The part of the stage in front of the curtain; sometimes, the curtain and its framework. proscenium arch, the framework around the front of the stage.

PROSCOLEX
Pro*sco"lex, n.; pl. Proscolices. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An early larval form of a trematode worm; a redia. See Redia.

PROSCRIBE Pro*scribe", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proscribed; p. pr. & vb. n. Proscribing.] Etym: [L. proscribere, proscriptum, to write before, to publish, proscribe; pro before + scribere to write. See Scribe. The sense of this word originated in the Roman practice of writing the names of persons doomed to death, and posting the list in public.]

1. To doom to destruction; to put out of the protection of law; to outlaw; to exile; as, Sylla and Marius proscribed each other's adherents. Robert Vere, Earl of Oxford, . . . was banished the realm, and proscribed. Spenser.

2. To denounce and condemn; to interdict; to prohibit; as, the
Puritans proscribed theaters.
The Arian doctrines were proscribed and anathematized in the famous
Council of Nice. Waterland.

PROSCRIBER
Pro*scrib"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, proscribes, denounces, or prohibits.

PROSCRIPT
Pro"script, n. Etym: [See Proscribe.]

1. A proscription; a prohibition; an interdict. [R.]

2. One who is proscribed. [R.]

PROSCRIPTION
Pro*scrip"tion, n. Etym: [L. proscriptio: cf. F. proscription.]

1. The act of proscribing; a dooming to death or exile; outlawry; specifically, among the ancient Romans, the public offer of a reward for the head of a political enemy; as, under the triumvirate, many of the best Roman citizens fell by proscription. Every victory by either party had been followed by a sanguinary proscription. Macaulay.

2. The state of being proscribed; denunciation; interdiction; prohibition. Macaulay.

PROSCRIPTIONAL
Pro*scrip"tion*al, a.

Defn: Proscriptive.

PROSCRIPTIONIST
Pro*scrip"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One who proscribes.

PROSCRIPTIVE
Pro*scrip"tive, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to proscription; consisting in, or of the nature of, proscription; proscribing. Burke. — Pro*scrip"tive*ly, adv.

PROSE Prose, n. Etym: [F. prose, L. prosa, fr. prorsus, prosus, straight forward, straight on, for proversus; pro forward + versus, p. p. of vertere to turn. See Verse.]

1. The ordinary language of men in speaking or writing; language not cast in poetical measure or rhythm; — contradistinguished from verse, or metrical composition. I speak in prose, and let him rymes make. Chaucer. Things unattempted yet in prose or rhyme. Milton. I wish our clever young poets would remember my homely definitions of prose and poetry, that is; prose — words in their best order; poetry — the best order. Coleridge.

2. Hence, language which evinces little imagination or animation; dull and commonplace discourse.

3. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A hymn with no regular meter, sometimes introduced into the
Mass. See Sequence.

PROSE
Prose, a.

1. Pertaining to, or composed of, prose; not in verse; as, prose composition.

2. Possessing or exhibiting unpoetical characteristics; plain; dull; prosaic; as, the prose duties of life.

PROSE
Prose, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prosed; p. pr. & vb. n. Prosing.]

1. To write in prose.

2. To write or repeat in a dull, tedious, or prosy way.

PROSE
Prose, v. i.

1. To write prose. Prosing or versing, but chiefly this latter. Milton.

PROSECTOR Pro*sec"tor, n. Etym: [L., an anatomist, from prosecare to cut up; pro before + secare to cut.]

Defn: One who makes dissections for anatomical illustration; usually, the assistant of a professional anatomist.

PROSECUTABLE
Pros"e*cu`ta*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being prosecuted; liable to prosecution.

PROSECUTE
Pros"e*cute, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prosecuted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prosecuting.] Etym: [L. prosecutus, p. p. of prosequi to follow,
pursue. See Pursue.]

1. To follow or pursue with a view to reach, execute, or accomplish; to endeavor to obtain or complete; to carry on; to continue; as, to prosecute a scheme, hope, or claim. I am beloved Hermia; Why should not I, then, prosecute my right Shak.

2. To seek to obtain by legal process; as, to prosecute a right or a claim in a court of law.

3. (Law)

Defn: To pursue with the intention of punishing; to accuse of some crime or breach of law, or to pursue for redress or punishment, before a legal tribunal; to proceed against judicially; as, to prosecute a man for trespass, or for a riot. To acquit themselves and prosecute their foes. Milton.

PROSECUTE
Pros"e*cute, v. i.

1. To follow after. [Obs.] Latimer.

2. (Law)

Defn: To institute and carry on a legal prosecution; as, to prosecute for public offenses. Blackstone.

PROSECUTION
Pros`e*cu"tion, n. Etym: [L. prosecutio a following.]

1. The act or process of prosecuting, or of endeavoring to gain or accomplish something; pursuit by efforts of body or mind; as, the prosecution of a scheme, plan, design, or undertaking; the prosecution of war. Keeping a sharp eye on her domestics . . . in prosecution of their various duties. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Law) (a) The institution and carrying on of a suit in a court of law or equity, to obtain some right, or to redress and punish some wrong; the carrying on of a judicial proceeding in behalf of a complaining party, as distinguished from defense. (b) The institution, or commencement, and continuance of a criminal suit; the process of exhibiting formal charges against an offender before a legal tribunal, and pursuing them to final judgment on behalf of the state or government, as by indictment or information. (c) The party by whom criminal proceedings are instituted. Blackstone. Burrill. Mozley & W.

PROSECUTOR
Pros"e*cu`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. L.prosecutor an attendant.]

1. One who prosecutes or carries on any purpose, plan, or business.

2. (Law)

Defn: The person who institutes and carries on a criminal suit against another in the name of the government. Blackstone.

PROSECUTRIX
Pros"e*cu`trix, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: A female prosecutor.

PROSELYTE
Pros"e*lyte, n. Etym: [OE. proselite, OF. proselite, F. proselytus,
Gr.

Defn: A new convert especially a convert to some religion or religious sect, or to some particular opinion, system, or party; thus, a Gentile converted to Judaism, or a pagan converted to Christianity, is a proselyte. Ye [Scribes and Pharisees] compass sea and land to make one proselyte. Matt. xxiii. 15. Fresh confidence the speculatist takes From every harebrained proselyte he makes. Cowper.

Syn.
— See Convert.

PROSELYTE
Pros"e*lyte, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proselyted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Proselyting.]

Defn: To convert to some religion, opinion, or system; to bring over.
Dr. H. More.

PROSELYTISM
Pros"e*ly*tism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. prosélytisme.]

1. The act or practice of proselyting; the making of converts to a religion or a religious sect, or to any opinion, system, or party. They were possessed of a spirit of proselytism in the most fanatical degree. Burke.

2. Conversion to a religion, system, or party.

PROSELYTIZE
Pros"e*ly*tize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. proselytized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Proselytizing.]

Defn: To convert to some religion, system, opinion, or the like; to bring, or cause to come, over; to proselyte. One of those whom they endeavor to proselytize. Burke.

PROSELYTIZE
Pros"e*ly*tize, v. i.

Defn: To make converts or proselytes.

PROSELYTIZER
Pros"e*ly*ti`zer, n.

Defn: One who proselytes.

PROSEMAN
Prose"man, n.

Defn: A writer of prose. [R.]

PROSEMINARY
Pro*sem"i*na*ry, n.

Defn: A seminary which prepares pupils for a higher institution. T.
Warton.

PROSEMINATION Pro*sem`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. proseminare, proseminatum, to disseminate.]

Defn: Propagation by seed. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

PROSENCEPHALIC
Pros*en`ce*phal"ic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the prosencephalon.

PROSENCEPHALON Pros`en*ceph"a*lon, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. encephalon.] [Sometimes abbreviated to proen.] (Anat.) (a) The anterior segment of the brain, including the cerebrum and olfactory lobes; the forebrain. (b) The cerebrum. Huxley.

PROSENCHYMA
Pros*en"chy*ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -enchyma, as in parenchyma.]
(Bot.)

Defn: A general term applied to the tissues formed of elongated cells, especially those with pointed or oblique extremities, as the principal cells of ordinary wood.

PROSER
Pros"er, n.

1. A writer of prose. [Obs.]

2. One who talks or writes tediously. Sir W. Scott.

PROSILIENCY
Pro*sil"i*en*cy, n. Etym: [L. prosilere to leap forth.]

Defn: The act of leaping forth or forward; projection. "Such prosiliency of relief." Coleridge.

PROSILY
Pros"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a prosy manner.

PROSIMETRICAL
Pros`i*met"ric*al, a. Etym: [Prose + metrical.]

Defn: Consisting both of prose and verse. Clarke.

PROSIMIAE
Pro*sim"i*æ, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pro-. and Simia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Lemuroidea.

PROSINESS
Pros"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being prosy; tediousness; tiresomeness.

PROSING
Pros"ing, n.

Defn: Writing prose; speaking or writing in a tedious or prosy manner. Sir W. Scott.

PROSINGLY
Pros"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: Prosily.

PROSIPHON
Pro*si"phon, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- for + siphon.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A minute tube found in the protocon

PROSIT Pro"sit, interj. [L., 3d pers. sing. subj. present of prodesse to do good; pro for + esse to be.]

Defn: Lit., may it do (you) good; — a salutation used in well wishing, esp. among Germans, as in drinking healths.

PROSLAVERY
Pro*slav"er*y, a. Etym: [Pref. pro- + slavery.]

Defn: Favoring slavery.
— n.

Defn: Advocacy of slavery.

PROSOBRANCH
Pros"o*branch, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Prosobranchiata.

PROSOBRANCHIATA
Pros`o*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The highest division, or subclass, of gastropod mollusks, including those that have the gills situated anteriorly, or forward of the heart, and the sexes separate.

PROSOCOELE
Pros"o*coele, n. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The entire cavity of the prosencephalon. B. G. Wilder.

PROSOCOELIA
Pros`o*coe"li*a, n.; pl. Prosocoelle, Etym: [NL.] (Anat.)

Defn: Same as Prosocoele.

PROSODIACAL
Pros`o*di"a*cal, a.

Defn: Prosodical.

PROSODIACALLY
Pros`o*di"a*cal*ly, adv.

Defn: Prosodically.

PROSODIAL
Pro*so"di*al, a.

Defn: Prosodical.

PROSODIAN
Pro*so"di*an, n.

Defn: A prosodist. Rush.

PROSODICAL
Pro*sod"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. prosodique, L. prosodiacus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to prosody; according to the rules of prosody.
— Pro*sod"ic*al*ly, adv.

PROSODIST
Pros"o*dist, n.

Defn: One skilled in prosody.

PROSODY
Pros"o*dy, n. Etym: [L. prosodia the tone or accent of a syllable,
Gr. prosodie. See Ode.]

Defn: That part of grammar which treats of the quantity of syllables, of accent, and of the laws of versification or metrical composition.

PROSOMA
Pro*so"ma, n.; pl. Prosomata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The anterior of the body of an animal, as of a cephalopod; the thorax of an arthropod.

PROSOPALGIA
Pros`o*pal"gi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Facial neuralgia.

PROSOPOCEPHALA
Pros`o*po*ceph`a*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Scaphopoda.

PROSOPOLEPSY
Pros`o*po*lep"sy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Respect of persons; especially, a premature opinion or prejudice against a person, formed from his external appearance. [R.] Addison.

PROSOPOPOEIA
Pros`o*po*poe"ia, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure by which things are represented as persons, or by which things inanimate are spoken of as animated beings; also, a figure by which an absent person is introduced as speaking, or a deceased person is represented as alive and present. It includes personification, but is more extensive in its signification.

PROSOPULMONATA
Pros`o*pul`mo*na"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. pulmo a lung.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of pulmonate mollusks having the breathing organ situated on the neck, as in the common snail.

PROSPECT Pros"pect, n. Etym: [L. prospectus, fr. prospicere, prospectum, to look forward; pro before, forward + specere, spicere, look, to see: cf. OF. prospect. See Spy, v., and cf. Prospectus.]

1. That which is embraced by eye in vision; the region which the eye overlooks at one time; view; scene; outlook. His eye discovers unaware The goodly prospect of some foreign land. Milton.

2. Especially, a picturesque or widely extended view; a landscape; hence, a sketch of a landscape. I went to Putney . . . to take prospects in crayon. Evelyn.

3. A position affording a fine view; a lookout. [R.] Him God beholding from his prospect high. Milton.

4. Relative position of the front of a building or other structure; face; relative aspect. And their prospect was toward the south. Ezek. xl. 44.

5. The act of looking forward; foresight; anticipation; as, a prospect of the future state. Locke. Is he a prudent man as to his temporal estate, that lays designs only for a day, without any prospect to, or provision for, the remaining part of life Tillotson.

6. That which is hoped for; ground for hope or expectation; expectation; probable result; as, the prospect of success. "To brighter prospects born." Cowper. These swell their prospectsd exalt their pride, When offers are disdain'd, and love deny'd. Pope.

PROSPECT
Pros"pect, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prospected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prospecting.]

Defn: To look over; to explore or examine for something; as, to prospect a district for gold.

PROSPECT
Pros"pect, v. i.

Defn: To make a search; to seek; to explore, as for mines or the like; as, to prospect for gold.

PROSPECTION
Pro*spec"tion, n.

Defn: The act of looking forward, or of providing for future wants; foresight.

PROSPECTIVE
Pro*spec"tive, a. Etym: [L. prospectivus: cf. F. prospectif. See
Prospect, n.]

1. Of or pertaining to a prospect; furnishing a prospect; perspective. [Obs.] Time's long and dark prospective glass. Milton.

2. Looking forward in time; acting with foresight; — opposed to retrospective. The French king of Sweden are circumspect, industrious, and prospective, too, in this affair. Sir J. Child.

3. Being within view or consideration, as a future event or contingency; relating to the future: expected; as, a prospective benefit. Points on which the promises, at the time of ordination, had no prospective bearing. W. Jay.

PROSPECTIVE
Pro*spec"tive, n.

1. The scene before or around, in time or in space; view; prospect. Sir H. Wotton.

2. A perspective glass. [Obs.] Chaucer. Beau. & Fl.

PROSPECTIVELY
Pro*spec"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a prospective manner.

PROSPECTIVENESS
Pro*spec"tive*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being prospective.

PROSPECTLESS
Pros"pect*less, a.

Defn: Having no prospect.

PROSPECTOR
Pros"pect*or, n. Etym: [L., one who looks out.]

Defn: One who prospects; especially, one who explores a region for minerals and precious metals.

PROSPECTUS Pro*spec"tus, n. Etym: [L., a prospect, sight, view: cf. F. prospectus. See Prospect.]

Defn: A summary, plan, or scheme of something proposed, affording a prospect of its nature; especially, an exposition of the scheme of an unpublished literary work.

PROSPER
Pros"per, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prospered; p. pr. & vb. n. Prospering.]
Etym: [F. prospérer v. i., or L. prosperare, v. i., or L. prosperare,
v. t., fr. prosper or prosperus. See Prosperous.]

Defn: To favor; to render successful. "Prosper thou our handiwork."
Bk. of Common Prayer.
All things concur toprosper our design. Dryden.

PROSPER
Pros"per, v. i.

1. To be successful; to succeed; to be fortunate or prosperous; to thrive; to make gain. They, in their earthly Canaan placed, Long time shall dwell and prosper. Milton.

2. To grow; to increase. [Obs.] Black cherry trees prosper even to considerable timber. Evelyn.

PROSPERITY
Pros*per"i*ty, n. Etym: [F. prospérité, L. prosperitas. See
Prosperous.]

Defn: The state of being prosperous; advance or gain in anything good or desirable; successful progress in any business or enterprise; attainment of the object desired; good fortune; success; as, commercial prosperity; national prosperity. Now prosperity begins to mellow. Shak. Prosperities can only be enjoyed by them who fear not at all to lose the Jer. Taylor.

Syn.
— Fortunate; successful; flourishing; thriving; favorable;
auspicious; lucky. See Fortunate.
— Pros"per*ous*ly, adv.
— Pros"per*ous*ness, n.

PROSPEROUS Pros"per*ous, a. [L. prosperus or prosper, originally, answering to hope; pro according to + the root of sperare to hope. See Despair.]

1. Tending to prosperity; favoring; favorable; helpful.

A happy passage and a prosperous wind.
Denham.

2. Being prospered; advancing in the pursuit of anything desirable; making gain, or increase; thriving; successful; as, a prosperous voyage; a prosperous undertaking; a prosperous man or nation.

By moderation either state to bear
Prosperous or adverse.
Milton.

Syn. — Fortunate; successful; flourishing; thriving; favorable; auspicious; lucky. See Fortunate.

— Pros"per*ous*ly, adv. —Pros"per*ous*ness, n.

PROSPHYSIS
Pros"phy*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A growing together of parts; specifically, a morbid adhesion of the eyelids to each other or to the eyeball. Dunglison.

PROSPICIENCE Pro*spi"cience, n. Etym: [L. prospicientia, fr. prospiciens, p. pr. of prospicere. See Prospect.]

Defn: The act of looking forward.

PROSTATE
Pros"tate, a.Etym: [Gr. prostate.] (Anat.)

Defn: Standing before; — applied to a gland which is found in the males of most mammals, and is situated at the neck of the bladder where this joins the urethra. — n.

Defn: The prostate gland.

PROSTATIC
Pro*stat"ic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the prostate gland. Prostatic catheter.
(Med.) See under Catheter.

PROSTATITIS
Pros`ta*ti"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Prostate, and -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the prostate.

PROSTERNATION
Pros`ter*na"tion, n. Etym: [F. See Prostration.]

Defn: Dejection; depression. [Obs.] Wiseman.

PROSTERNUM
Pro*ster"num, n. Etym: [NL. See Pro- and Sternum.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The ventral plate of the prothorax of an insect.

PROSTHESIS
Pros"the*sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Surg.)

Defn: The addition to the human body of some artificial part, to replace one that is wanting, as a log or an eye; — called also prothesis.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: The prefixing of one or more letters to the beginning of a word, as in beloved.

PROSTHETIC
Pros*thet"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to prosthesis; prefixed, as a letter or letters to a word.

PROSTIBULOUS
Pros*tib"u*lous, a. Etym: [L. prostibulum prostitute.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to prostitutes or prostitution; meretricious.
[Obs.] Bale.

PROSTITUTE
Pros"ti*tute, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prostituted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prostituting.] Etym: [L. prostitutus, p. p. of prostituere to
prostitute; pro before, forth + statuere to put, place. See Statute.]

1. To offer, as a woman, to a lewd use; to give up to lewdness for hire. "Do not prostitute thy daughter." Lev. xix. 29.

2. To devote to base or unworthy purposes; to give up to low or indiscriminate use; as, to prostitute talents; to prostitute official powers. Milton.

PROSTITUTE
Pros"ti*tute, a. Etym: [L. prostitutus, p. p.]

Defn: Openly given up to lewdness; devoted to base or infamous
purposes.
Made bold by want, and prostitute for bread. Prior

PROSTITUTE
Pros"ti*tute, n. Etym: [L. prostituta.]

1. A woman giver to indiscriminate lewdness; a strumpet; a harlot.

2. A base hireling; a mercenary; one who offers himself to infamous employments for hire. No hireling she, no prostitute to praise. Pope.

PROSTITUTION
Pros`ti*tu"tion, n. Etym: [L. prostitutio: cf. F. prostitution.]

1. The act or practice of prostituting or offering the body to an indiscriminate intercourse with men; common lewdness of a woman.

2. The act of setting one's self to sale, or of devoting to infamous purposes what is in one's power; as, the prostitution of abilities; the prostitution of the press. "Mental prostitution." Byron.

PROSTITUTOR
Pros"ti*tu`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who prostitutes; one who submits himself, of or offers another, to vile purposes. Bp. Hurd.

PROSTOMIUM
Pro*sto"mi*um, n.; pl. Prostomia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: That portion of the head of an annelid situated in front of the
mouth.
— Pro*sto"mi*al, a.

PROSTRATE
Pros"trate, a. Etym: [L. prostratus, p. p. of prosternere to
prostrate; pro before, forward + sternere to spread out, throw down.
See Stratum.]

1. Lying at length, or with the body extended on the ground or other surface; stretched out; as, to sleep prostrate Elyot. Groveling and prostrate on yon lake of fire. Milton.

2. Lying at mercy, as a supplicant. Dryden.

3. Lying in a humble, lowly, or suppliant posture. Prostrate fall Before him reverent, and there confess Humbly our faults. Milton.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: Trailing on the ground; procumbent.

PROSTRATE
Pros"trate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prostrated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Prostrating.]

1. To lay fiat; to throw down; to level; to fell; as, to prostrate the body; to prostrate trees or plants. Evelyn.

2. to overthrow; to demolish; to destroy; to deprive of efficiency; to ruin; as, to prostrate a village; to prostrate a government; to prostrate law or justice.

3. To throw down, or cause to fall in humility or adoration; to cause to bow in humble reverence; used reflexively; as, he prostrated himself. Milman.

4. To cause to sink totally; to deprive of strength; to reduce; as, a person prostrated by fever.

PROSTRATION
Pros*tra"tion, n. Etym: [L. prostratio: cf. F. prostration.]

1. The act of prostrating, throwing down, or laying fiat; as, the prostration of the body.

2. The act of falling down, or of bowing in humility or adoration; primarily, the act of falling on the face, but usually applied to kneeling or bowing in reverence and worship. A greater prostration of reason than of body. Shak.

3. The condition of being prostrate; great depression; lowness; dejection; as, a postration of spirits. "A sudden prostration of strength." Arbuthnot.

4. (Med.)

Defn: A latent, not an exhausted, state of the vital energies; great oppression of natural strength and vigor.

Note: Prostration, in its medical use, is analogous to the state of a spring lying under such a weight that it is incapable of action; while exhaustion is analogous to the state of a spring deprived of its elastic powers. The word, however, is often used to denote any great depression of the vital powers.

PROSTYLE
Pro"style, a. Etym: [L. prostylus, Gr. prostyle.] (Arch.)

Defn: Having columns in front.
— n.

Defn: A prostyle portico or building.

PROSY
Pros"y, a. [Compar. Prosier; superl. Prosiest.]

1. Of or pertaining to prose; like prose.

2. Dull and tedious in discourse or writing; prosaic.

PROSYLOGISM
Pro*sy"lo*gism, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + syllogism.] (Logic)

Defn: A syllogism preliminary or logically essential to another syllogism; the conclusion of such a syllogism, which becomes a premise of the following syllogism.

PROTACTIC
Pro*tac"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Giving a previous narrative or explanation, as of the plot or personages of a play; introductory. = 32,500 yrs.) Also called brevium, Uranium X2 and UX2.

PROTAGON
Pro"ta*gon, n. Etym: [Proto- + Gr. Protagonist. So called because it
was the first definitely ascertained principle of the brain.]
(Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A nitrogenous phosphorized principle found in brain tissue. By decomposition it yields neurine, fatty acids, and other bodies.

PROTAGONIST
Pro*tag"o*nist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who takes the leading part in a drama; hence, one who takes
lead in some great scene, enterprise, conflict, or the like.
Shakespeare, the protagonist on the great of modern poetry. De
Quincey.

PROTAMIN
Pro"ta*min, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: An amorphous nitrogenous substance found in the spermatic fluid of salmon. It is soluble in water, which an alkaline reaction, and unites with acids and metallic bases.

PROTANDRIC
Pro*tan"dric, a. Etym: [Proto- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having male sexual organs while young, and female organs later
in life.
— Pro*tan"trism, n.

PROTANDROUS
Pro*tan"drous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Proterandrous.

PROTASIS
Prot"a*sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. A proposition; a maxim. Johnson.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: The introductory or subordinate member of a sentence, generally of a conditional sentence; — opposed to apodosis. See Apodosis.

3. The first part of a drama, of a poem, or the like; the introduction; opposed to epitasis. B. Jonson.

PROTATIC
Pro*tat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. protaticus, F. protatique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the protasis of an ancient play; introductory.

PROTEACEOUS
Pro`te*a"ceous, a. Etym: [From Proteus.] (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Proteaceæ, an order of apetalous evergreen shrubs, mostly natives of the Cape of Good Hope or of Australia.

PROTEAN
Pro"te*an, a.

1. Of or pertaining to Proteus; characteristic of Proteus. " Protean transformations." Cudworth.

2. Exceedingly variable; readily assuming different shapes or forms; as, an amoeba is a protean animalcule.

PROTEANLY
Pro"te*an*ly, adv.

Defn: In a protean manner. Cudworth.

PROTECT
Pro*tect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Protected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Protecting.] Etym: [L. protectus, p. p. of protegere, literally, to
cover in front; pro before + tegere to cover. See Tegument.]

Defn: To cover or shield from danger or injury; to defend; to guard; to preserve in safety; as, a father protects his children. The gods of Greece protect you! Shak.

Syn.
— To guard; shield; preserve. See Defend.

PROTECTINGLY
Pro*tect"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of protection; in a protective manner.

PROTECTION
Pro*tec"tion, n. Etym: [L. protectio: cf. F. protection.]

1. The act of protecting, or the state of being protected; preservation from loss, injury, or annoyance; defense; shelter; as, the weak need protection. To your protection I commend me, gods. Shak.

2. That which protects or preserves from injury; a defense; a shield; a refuge. Let them rise up . . . and be your protection. Deut. xxxii. 38.

3. A writing that protects or secures from molestation or arrest; a pass; a safe-conduct; a passport. He . . . gave them protections under his hand. Macaulay.

4. (Polit. Econ.)

Defn: A theory, or a policy, of protecting the producers in a country from foreign competition in the home market by the imposition of such discriminating duties on goods of foreign production as will restrict or prevent their importation; — opposed to free trade. Writ of protection. (Law) (a) A writ by which the king formerly exempted a person from arrest; — now disused. [Eng.] Blackstone. (b) A judicial writ issued to a person required to attend court, as party, juror, etc., intended to secure him from arrest in coming, staying, and returning.

Syn.
— Preservation; defense; guard; shelter; refuge; security; safety.

PROTECTIONISM
Pro*tec"tion*ism, n. (Polit. Econ.)

Defn: The doctrine or policy of protectionists. See Protection, 4.

PROTECTIONIST
Pro*tec"tion*ist, n. (Polit. Econ.)

Defn: One who favors protection. See Protection, 4.

PROTECTIVE
Pro*tect"ive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. protectif.]

Defn: Affording protection; sheltering; defensive. " The favor of a protective Providence." Feltham. Protective coloring (Zoöl.), coloring which serves for the concealment and preservation of a living organism. Cf. Mimicry. Wallace. — Protective tariff (Polit. Econ.), a tariff designed to secure protection (see Protection, 4.), as distinguished from a tariff designed to raise revenue. See Tariff, and Protection, 4.

PROTECTIVENESS
Pro*tect"ive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being protective. W. Pater.

PROTECTOR
Pro*tect"or, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. protecteur.]

1. One who, or that which, defends or shields from injury, evil, oppression, etc.; a defender; a guardian; a patron. For the world's protector shall be known. Waller.

2. (Eng. Hist.)

Defn: One having the care of the kingdom during the king's minority;
a regent.
Is it concluded he shall be protector ! Shak.

3. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A cardinal, from one of the more considerable Roman Catholic nations, who looks after the interests of his people at Rome; also, a cardinal who has the same relation to a college, religious order, etc. Lord Protector (Eng. Hist.), the title of Oliver Cromwell as supreme governor of the British Commonwealth (1653-1658).

PROTECTORAL
Pro*tect"or*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a protector; protectorial; as, protectoral power.

PROTECTORATE
Pro*tect"or*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. protectorat.]

1. Government by a protector; — applied especially to the government of England by Oliver Cromwell.

2. The authority assumed by a superior power over an inferior or a dependent one, whereby the former protects the latter from invasion and shares in the management of its affairs.

PROTECTORIAL
Pro`tec*to"ri*al, a. Etym: [Cf. L. protectorius.]

Defn: Same as Protectoral.

PROTECTORLESS
Pro*tect"or*less, a.

Defn: Having no protector; unprotected.

PROTECTORSHIP
Pro*tect"or*ship

Defn: , The office of a protector or regent; protectorate.

PROTECTRESS; PROTECTRIX
Pro*tect"ress, Pro*tect"rix, n. Etym: [NL. protectrix.]

Defn: A woman who protects.

PROTEGE; PROTEGEE
Pro`té`gé", n. m. Pro`té`gée", n. f. Etym: [F., p. p. of protéger.
See Protect.]

Defn: One under the care and protection of another.

PROTEID
Pro"te*id, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: One of a class of amorphous nitrogenous principles, containing, as a rule, a small amount of sulphur; an albuminoid, as blood fibrin, casein of milk, etc. Proteids are present in nearly all animal fluids and make up the greater part of animal tissues and organs. They are also important constituents of vegetable tissues. See 2d Note under Food. — Pro"te*id, a.

PROTEIDEA
Pro`te*id"e*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Proteus, and -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of aquatic amphibians having prominent external gills and four legs. It includes Proteus and Menobranchus (Necturus). Called also Proteoidea, and Proteida.

PROTEIFORM
Pro*te"i*form, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Changeable in form; resembling a Proteus, or an amoeba.

PROTEIN Pro"te*in, n. Etym: [Gr. prw os first: cf. prwtei^on the first place.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A body now known as alkali albumin, but originally considered to be the basis of all albuminous substances, whence its name. Protein crystal. (Bot.) See Crystalloid, n., 2.

PROTEINACEOUS
Pro`te*i*na"*ceous, a. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Of or related to protein; albuminous; proteid.

PROTEINOUS
Pro*te"i*nous, a.

Defn: Proteinaceuos.

PROTELES
Pro"te*les, n. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South Africa genus of Carnivora, allied to the hyenas, but smaller and having weaker jaws and teeth. It includes the aard-wolf.

PROTEND
Pro*tend" v. t. [imp. & p. p. Protended; p. pr. & vb. n. Protending.]
Etym: [L. protendere, protensum; pro before, forth + tendere to
stretch.]

Defn: To hold out; to stretch forth. [Obs.] With his protended lance he makes defence. Dryden .

PROTENSE
Pro*tense", n. Etym: [See Protend.]

Defn: Extension.[Obs.] " By due degrees and long protense." Spenser.

PROTENSION
Pro*ten"sion, n. Etym: [L. protensio.]

Defn: A drawing out; extension. [R.] Sir W. Hamilton.

PROTENSIVE
Pro*ten"sive, a.

Defn: Drawn out; extended. [R.]
Time is a protensive quantity. Sir W. Hamilton.

PROTEOLYSIS
Pro`te*ol"y*sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Proteolytic.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The digestion or dissolving of proteid matter by proteolytic ferments.

PROTEOLYTIC
Pro`te*o*lyt"ic, a. Etym: [Proteid + Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Converting proteid or albuminous matter into soluble and diffusible products, as peptones. " The proteolytic ferment of the pancreas." Foster.

PROTEOSE
Pro"te*ose`, n. [Proteid + -ose.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: One of a class of soluble products formed in the digestion of proteids with gastric and pancreatic juice, and also by the hydrolytic action of boiling dilute acids on proteids. Proteoses are divided into the two groups, the primary and secondary proteoses.

PROTERANDROUS
Pro`ter*an"drous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the stamens come to maturity before the pistil; — opposed to proterogynous.

PROTERANDRY
Pro`ter*an"dry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The condition of being proterandrous.

PROTERANTHOUS
Pro`ter*an"thous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having flowers appearing before the leaves; — said of certain plants. Gray.

PROTEROGLYPHA
Pro`te*rog"ly*pha, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A suborder of serpents including those that have permanently erect grooved poison fangs, with ordinary teeth behind them in the jaws. It includes the cobras, the asps, and the sea snakes. Called also Proteroglyphia.

PROTEROGYNOUS
Pro`ter*og"y*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the pistil come to maturity before the stamens; protogynous; — opposed to proterandrous.

PROTEROSAURUS
Pro`te*ro*sau"rus, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct genus of reptiles of the Permian period. Called also
Protosaurus.

PROTERVITY
Pro*ter"vi*ty, n. Etym: [L. protervitas, from protervus violent.]

Defn: Peevishness; petulance. [Obs.] Fuller.

PROTEST
Pro*test", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Protested; p. pr. & vb. n.
Protesting.] Etym: [F. protester, L. protestari, pro before + testari
to be a witness, testis a witness. See Testify.]

1. To affirm in a public or formal manner; to bear witness; to declare solemnly; to avow. He protest that his measures are pacific. Landor. The lady doth protest too much, methinks. Shak.

2. To make a solemn declaration (often a written one) expressive of opposition; — with against; as, he protest against your votes. Denham. The conscience has power . . . to protest againts the exorbitancies of the passions. Shak.

Syn. — To affirm; asseverate; assert; aver; attest; testify; declare; profess. See Affirm.

PROTEST
Pro*test", v. t.

1. To make a solemn declaration or affirmation of; to proclaim; to display; as, to protest one's loyalty. I will protest your cowardice. Shak.

2. To call as a witness in affirming or denying, or to prove an affirmation; to appeal to. Fiercely [they] opposed My journey strange, with clamorous uproar Protesting fate supreme. Milton. To protest a bill or note (Law), to make a solemn written declaration, in due form, on behalf of the holder, against all parties liable for any loss or damage to be sustained by the nonacceptance or the nonpayment of the bill or note, as the case may be. This should be made by a notary public, whose seal it is the usual practice to affix. Kent. Story.

PROTEST
Pro"test, n. Etym: [Cf. F. protêt, It. protesto. See Protest, v.]

1. A solemn declaration of opinion, commonly a formal objection against some act; especially, a formal and solemn declaration, in writing, of dissent from the proceedings of a legislative body; as, the protest of lords in Parliament.

2. (Law) (a) A solemn declaration in writing, in due form, made by a notary public, usually under his notarial seal, on behalf of the holder of a bill or note, protesting against all parties liable for any loss or damage by the nonacceptance or nonpayment of the bill, or by the nonpayment of the note, as the case may be. (b) A declaration made by the master of a vessel before a notary, consul, or other authorized officer, upon his arrival in port after a disaster, stating the particulars of it, and showing that any damage or loss sustained was not owing to the fault of the vessel, her officers or crew, but to the perils of the sea, etc., ads the case may be, and protesting against them. (c) A declaration made by a party, before or while paying a tax, duty, or the like, demanded of him, which he deems illegal, denying the justice of the demand, and asserting his rights and claims, in order to show that the payment was not voluntary. Story. Kent.

PROTESTANCY
Prot"es*tan*cy, n.

Defn: Protestantism. [R.]

PROTESTANT Prot"es*tant, n. Etym: [F. protestant, fr. L. protestans, -antis, p. pr. of protestare. See Protest, v.]

Defn: One who protests; — originally applied to those who adhered to Luther, and protested against, or made a solemn declaration of dissent from, a decree of the Emperor Charles V. and the Diet of Spires, in 1529, against the Reformers, and appealed to a general council; — now used in a popular sense to designate any Christian who does not belong to the Roman Catholic or the Greek Church.

PROTESTANT
Prot"es*tant, a. Etym: [Cf. F. protestant.]

1. Making a protest; protesting.

2. Of or pertaining to the faith and practice of those Christians who reject the authority of the Roman Catholic Church; as, Protestant writers.

PROTESTANTICAL
Prot`es*tant"ic*al, a.

Defn: Protestant. [Obs.]

PROTESTANTISM
Prot"es*tant*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. protestantisme.]

Defn: The quality or state of being protestant, especially against the Roman Catholic Church; the principles or religion of the Protestants.

PROTESTANTLY
Prot"es*tant*ly, adv.

Defn: Like a Protestant; in conformity with Protestantism. [R.]
Milton.

PROTESTATION
Prot`es*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. protestatio: cf. F. protestation. See
Protest.]

1. The act of making a protest; a public avowal; a solemn declaration, especially of dissent. " The protestation of our faith." Latimer.

2. (Law)

Defn: Formerly, a declaration in common-law pleading, by which the party interposes an oblique allegation or denial of some fact, protesting that it does or does not exist, and at the same time avoiding a direct affirmation or denial.

PROTESTATOR
Prot"es*ta`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. F. protestateur.]

Defn: One who makes protestation; a protester.

PROTESTER
Pro*test"er, n.

1. One who protests; one who utters a solemn declaration. Shak.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who protests a bill of exchange, or note.

PROTESTINGLY
Pro*test"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of protesting.

PROTEUS
Pro"te*us, n. Etym: [L., Gr.

1. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: A sea god in the service of Neptune who assumed different shapes at will. Hence, one who easily changes his appearance or principles.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) A genus of aquatic eel-shaped amphibians found in caves in Austria. They have permanent external gills as well as lungs. The eyes are small and the legs are weak. (b) A changeable protozoan; an amoeba.

PROTHALAMION; PROTHALAMIUM
Pro`tha*la"mi*on, Pro`tha*la"mi*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: A song in celebration of a marriage. Drayton.

PROTHALLIUM
Pro*thal"li*um, n.; pl. Prothallia. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Prothallus.

PROTHALLUS
Pro*thal"lus, n.; pl. Prothalli. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The minute primary growth from the spore of ferns and other Pteridophyta, which bears the true sexual organs; the oöphoric generation of ferns, etc.

PROTHESIS
Proth"e*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Eccl.)

Defn: A credence table; — so called by the Eastern or Greek Church.

2. (Med.)

Defn: See Prosthesis. Dunglison.

PROTHETIC
Pro*thet"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to prothesis; as, a prothetic apparatus.

PROTHONOTARY; PROTONOTARY Pro*thon"o*ta*ry, or; Pro*ton"o*ta*ry, n.; pl. -ries. Etym: [LL. protonotarius, fr. Gr. prw os first + L. notarius a shorthand writer, a scribe: cf. F. protonotaire.]

1. A chief notary or clerk. " My private prothonotary." Herrick.

2. Formerly, a chief clerk in the Court of King's Bench and in the Court of Common Pleas, now superseded by the master. [Eng.] Wharton. Burrill.

3. A register or chief clerk of a court in certain States of the United States.

4. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: Formerly, one who had the charge of writing the acts of the martyrs, and the circumstances of their death; now, one of twelve persons, constituting a college in the Roman Curia, whose office is to register pontifical acts and to make and preserve the official record of beatifications.

5. (Gr. Ch.)

Defn: The chief secretary of the patriarch of Constantinople. Prothonotary warbler (Zoöl.), a small American warbler (Protonotaria citrea). The general color is golden yellow, the back is olivaceous, the rump and tail are ash-color, several outer tail feathers are partly white.

PROTHONOTARYSHIP
Pro*thon"o*ta*ry*ship, n.

Defn: Office of a prothonotary.

PROTHORACIC
Pro`tho*rac"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the prothorax.

PROTHORAX
Pro*tho"rax, n. Etym: [Pref. pro- + thorax.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The first or anterior segment of the thorax in insects. See
Illusts. of Butterfly and Coleoptera.

PRO THYALOSOMA
Pro* thy`a*lo*so"ma, n.; pl. Prothyalosomata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.
(Biol.)

Defn: The investing portion, or spherical envelope, surrounding the eccentric germinal spot of the germinal vesicle.

PROTHYALOSOME
Pro*thy"a*lo*some, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Prothyalosoma.

PROTIST
Pro"tist, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Protista.

PROTISTA
Pro*tis"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. prw`tistos first.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A provisional group in which are placed a number of low microscopic organisms of doubtful nature. Some are probably plants, others animals.

PROTISTON
Pro*tis"ton, n.; pl. Protista. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Protista.

PROTO-
Pro"to-. Etym: [Gr. prw os first, a superl. fr. Pro-.]

1. A combining form prefix signifying first, primary, primordial; as, protomartyr, the first martyr; protomorphic, primitive in form; protoplast, a primordial organism; prototype, protozoan.

2. (Chem.) (a) Denoting the first or lowest of a series, or the one having the smallest amount of the element to the name of which it is prefixed; as protoxide, protochloride, etc. (b) Sometimes used as equivalent to mono-, as indicating that the compound has but one atom of the element to the name of which it is prefixed. Also used adjectively.

PROTOCANONICAL
Pro`to*ca*non"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the first canon, or that which contains the authorized collection of the books of Scripture; — opposed to deutero-canonical.

PROTOCATECHUIC
Pro`to*cat`e*chu"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an organic acid which is obtained as a white crystalline substance from catechin, asafetida, oil of cloves, etc., and by distillation itself yields pyrocatechin.

PROTOCERCAL
Pro`to*cer"cal, a. Etym: [Proto- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a caudal fin extending around the end of the vertebral column, like that which is first formed in the embryo of fishes; diphycercal.

PROTOCOCCUS
Pro`to*coc"cus, n. Etym: [NL. See Proto-, and Coccus.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of minute unicellular algæ including the red snow plant
(Protococcus nivalis).

PROTOCOL Pro"to*col, n. Etym: [F. protocole, LL. protocollum, fr. Gr. prw os the first (see Proto-) +

1. The original copy of any writing, as of a deed, treaty, dispatch, or other instrument. Burrill.

2. The minutes, or rough draught, of an instrument or transaction.

3. (Diplomacy) (a) A preliminary document upon the basis of which negotiations are carried on. (b) A convention not formally ratified. (c) An agreement of diplomatists indicating the results reached by them at a particular stage of a negotiation.

PROTOCOL
Pro"to*col, v. t.

Defn: To make a protocol of.

PROTOCOL
Pro"to*col, v. i.

Defn: To make or write protocols, or first draughts; to issue protocols. Carlyle.

PROTOCOLIST
Pro"to*col`ist, n.

Defn: One who draughts protocols.

PROTOCONCH
Pro"to*conch, n. Etym: [Proto- + conch.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The embryonic shell, or first chamber, of ammonites and other cephalopods.

PROTO-DORIC
Pro`to-Dor*ic, a. Etym: [Proto- + Doric.] (Arch.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, architecture, in which the beginnings of the Doric style are supposed to be found.

PROTOGINE
Pro"to*gine, n. Etym: [Proto- + root of Gr. protogyne.] (Min.)

Defn: A kind of granite or gneiss containing a silvery talcose mineral.

PROTOGYNOUS
Pro*tog"y*nous, a. Etym: [Proto + Gr. gynh` a woman.] (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Proterogynous.

PROTOHIPPUS
Pro`to*hip"pus, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of fossil horses from the Lower Pliocene. They had three toes on each foot, the lateral ones being small.

PROTOMARTYR
Pro"to*mar`tyr, n. Etym: [LL., fr. Gr. protomartyr. See Proto-, and
Martyr.]

Defn: The first martyr; the first who suffers, or is sacrificed, in any cause; — applied esp. to Stephen, the first Christian martyr.

PROTOMERITE
Pro`to*mer"ite, n. Etym: [Proto- + -mere + -ite.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The second segment of one of the Gregarinæ.

PROTOMETALS
Pro`to*met"als, n. pl.

Defn: A finer form of metals, indicated by enhanced lines in their spark spectra (which are also observed in the spectra of some stars), obtained at the highest available laboratory temperatures (Lockyer); as protocalcium, protochromium, protocopper, protonickel, protosilicon, protostrontium, prototitanium, protovanadium. — Pro`to*me*tal"ic (#), a.

PROTOMORPHIC
Pro`to*mor"phic, a. Etym: [Proto- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Having the most primitive character; in the earliest form; as, a protomorphic layer of tissue. H. Spencer.

PROTONEMA
Pro`to*ne"ma, n.; pl. Protonemata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The primary growth from the spore of a moss, usually consisting of branching confervoid filaments, on any part of which stem and leaf buds may be developed.

PROTONOTARY
Pro*ton"o*ta*ry, n.

Defn: Same as Prothonotary.

PROTOORGANISM; PROTOOERGANISM
Pro`to*ör"gan*ism, n. Etym: [Proto- + organism.] (Biol.)

Defn: An organism whose nature is so difficult to determine that it might be referred to either the animal or the vegetable kingdom.

PROTOPAPAS
Pro`to*pap"as (, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Gr. Ch.)

Defn: A protopope.

PROTOPHYTE
Pro"to*phyte, n. Etym: [Proto- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Any unicellular plant, or plant forming only a plasmodium, having reproduction only by fission, gemmation, or cell division.

Note: The protophytes (Protophyta) are by some botanists considered an independent branch or class of the vegetable kingdom, and made to include the lowest forms of both fungi and algæ, as slime molds, Bacteria, the nostocs, etc. Cf. Carpophyte, and Oöphyte.

PROTOPHYTOLOGY
Pro`to*phy*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Proto- + phytology.]

Defn: Paleobotany.

PROTOPINE
Pro"to*pine, n. Etym: [Proto- + opium.] (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid found in opium in small quantities, and extracted as a white crystalline substance.

PROTOPLASM
Pro"to*plasm, n. Etym: [Proto- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The viscid and more or less granular material of vegetable and animal cells, possessed of vital properties by which the processes of nutrition, secretion, and growth go forward; the so-called " physical basis of life;" the original cell substance, cytoplasm, cytoblastema, bioplasm sarcode, etc.

Note: The lowest forms of animal and vegetable life (unicellular organisms) consist of simple or unaltered protoplasm; the tissues of the higher organisms, of differentiated protoplasm.

PROTOPLASMATIC
Pro`to*plas*mat"ic, a.

Defn: Protoplasmic.

PROTOPLASMIC
Pro`to*plas"mic, a.

1. Of or pertaining to the first formation of living bodies.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to protoplasm; consisting of, or resembling, protoplasm.

PROTOPLAST
Pro"to*plast, n. Etym: [L. protoplastus the first man, Gr.

1. The thing first formed; that of which there are subsequent copies or reproductions; the original.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: A first-formed organized body; the first individual, or pair of individuals, of a species. A species is a class of individuals, each of which is hypothetically considered to be the descendant of the same protoplast, or of the same pair of protoplasts. Latham.

PROTOPLASTA
Pro`to*plas"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of fresh-water rhizopods including those that have a soft body and delicate branched pseudopodia. The genus Gromia is one of the best-known.

PROTOPLASTIC
Pro`to*plas"tic, a.

Defn: First-formed. Howell.

PROTOPODITE
Pro*top"o*dite, n. Etym: [Proto- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The basal portion, or two proximal and more or less consolidated segments, of an appendage of a crustacean.

PROTOPOPE Pro"to*pope, n. Etym: [Proto- + pope: cf. F. protopope, Russ. protopop'.] (Gr. Ch.)

Defn: One of the clergy of first rank in the lower order of secular clergy; an archpriest; — called also protopapas.

PROTOPTERUS
Pro*top"te*rus, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Komtok.

PROTOSALT
Pro"to*salt, n. Etym: [Proto- + salt.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt derived from a protoxide base. [Obs.]

PROTOSILICATE
Pro`to*sil"i*cate, n. Etym: [Proto- + silicate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A silicate formed with the lowest proportion of silicic acid, or having but one atom of silicon in the molecule.

PROTOSOMITE
Pro`to*so"mite, n. Etym: [Proto- + somite.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the primitive segments, or metameres, of an animal.

PROTOSULPHIDE
Pro`to*sul"phide, n. Etym: [Proto- + sulphide.] (Chem.)

Defn: That one of a series of sulphides of any element which has the lowest proportion of sulphur; a sulphide with but one atom of sulphur in the molecule.

PROTOSULPHURET
Pro`to*sul"phu*ret, n. Etym: [Proto- + sulphuret.] (Chem.)

Defn: A protosulphide. [Obs.]

PROTOTHERIA
Pro`to*the"ri*a n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Monotremata.

PROTOTRACHEATA
Pro`to*tra`che*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Proto-, and Trachea.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Malacopoda.

PROTOTYPE
Pro"to*type, n. Etym: [F., from L. prototypus original, primitive,
Gr. Proto-, and Type]

Defn: An original or model after which anything is copied; the pattern of anything to be engraved, or otherwise copied, cast, or the like; a primary form; exemplar; archetype. They will turn their backs on it, like their great precursor and prototype. Burke.

PROTOVERTEBRA
Pro`to*ver"te*bra, n.; pl. Protovertebræ . Etym: [Proto- + vertebra.]
(Anat.)

Defn: One of the primitive masses, or segments, into which the mesoblast of the vertebrate embryo breaks up on either side of the anterior part of the notochord; a mesoblastic, or protovertebral, somite. See Illust. of Ectoderm.

Note: The protovertebræ were long regarded as rudiments of the permanent vertebræ, but they are now known to give rise to the dorsal muscles and other structures as well as the vertebral column. See Myotome.

PROTOVERTEBRAL
Pro`to*ver"te*bral, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the protovertebræ.

PROTOXIDE
Pro*tox"ide, n. Etym: [Proto- + oxide: cf. F. protoxide.] (Chem.)

Defn: That one of a series of oxides having the lowest proportion of oxygen. See Proto-, 2 (b). protoxide of nitrogen, laughing gas, now called hyponitrous oxideNO. See under Laughing.

PROTOXIDIZE
Pro*tox"i*dize, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To combine with oxygen, as any elementary substance, in such proportion as to form a protoxide.

PROTOZOA
Pro`to*zo"a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The lowest of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom.

Note: The entire animal consists of a single cell which is variously modified; but in many species a number of these simple zooids are united together so as to form a compound body or organism, as in the Foraminifera and Vorticellæ. The reproduction takes place by fission, or by the breaking up of the contents of the body after encystment, each portion becoming a distinct animal, or in other ways, but never by true eggs. The principal divisions are Rhizopoda, Gregarinæ, and Infusoria. See also Foraminifera, Heliozoa, Protoplasta, Radiolaria, Flagellata, Ciliata.

PROTOZOAN
Pro`to*zo"an, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Protozoa.
— n.

Defn: One of the Protozoa.

PROTOZOIC
Pro`to*zo"ic, a.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Protozoa.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Containing remains of the earliest discovered life of the globe, which included mollusks, radiates and protozoans.

PROTOZOON; PROTOZOOEN Pro`to*zo"ön (-ôn), n.; pl. Protozoa. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.) (a) One of the Protozoa. (b) A single zooid of a compound protozoan.

PROTOZOONITE; PROTOZOOENITE
Pro`to*zo"ö*nite, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the primary, or first-formed, segments of an embryonic arthropod.

PROTRACHEATA
Pro*tra`che*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pro-, and Trachea.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Malacopoda.

PROTRACT
Pro*tract", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Protracted; p. pr. vb. n.
Protracting.] Etym: [L. protractus, p. p. of protrahere to forth,
protract; pro forward + trahere to draw. See Portrait, Portray.]

1. To draw out or lengthen in time or (rarely) in space; to continue; to prolong; as, to protract an argument; to protract a war.

2. To put off to a distant time; to delay; to defer; as, to protract a decision or duty. Shak.

3. (Surv.)

Defn: To draw to a scale; to lay down the lines and angles of, with scale and protractor; to plot.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: To extend; to protrude; as, the cat can protract its claws; — opposed to retract.

PROTRACT
Pro*tract", n. Etym: [L. protractus.]

Defn: Tedious continuance or delay. [Obs.] Spenser.

PROTRACTED
Pro*tract`ed, a.

Defn: Prolonged; continued. Protracted meeting,a religious meeting continued for many successive days. [U. S.] — Pro*tract"ed*ly, adv. — Pro*tract"ed*ness, n.

PROTRACTER
Pro*tract"er, n.

Defn: A protractor.

PROTRACTILE
Pro*tract"ile, a.

Defn: Capable of being protracted, or protruded; protrusile.

PROTRACTION
Pro*trac"tion, n. Etym: [L. protractio.]

1. A drawing out, or continuing; the act of delaying the termination of a thing; prolongation; continuance; delay; as, the protraction of a debate. A protraction only of what is worst in life. Mallock.

2. (Surv.) (a) The act or process of making a plot on paper. (b) A plot on paper.

PROTRACTIVE
Pro*tract"ive, a.

Defn: Drawing out or lengthening in time; prolonging; continuing;
delaying.
He suffered their protractive arts. Dryden.

PROTRACTOR
Pro*tract"or, n.

1. One who, or that which, protracts, or causes protraction.

2. A mathematical instrument for laying down and measuring angles on paper, used in drawing or in plotting. It is of various forms, semicircular, rectangular, or circular.

3. (Surg.)

Defn: An instrument formerly used in extracting foreign or offensive matter from a wound.

4. (Anat.)

Defn: A muscle which extends an organ or part; — opposed to retractor.

5. An adjustable pattern used by tailors. Knight.

PROTREPTICAL
Pro*trep"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Adapted to persuade; hortatory; persuasive. [Obs.] Bp. Ward.

PROTRUDABLE
Pro*trud"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be protruded; protrusile. Darwin.

PROTRUDE
Pro*trude", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Protruded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Protruding.] Etym: [L. protrudere, protrusum; pro forward + trudere
to thrust. See Threat.]

1. To thrust forward; to drive or force along. Locke.

2. To thrust out, as through a narrow orifice or from confinement; to cause to come forth. When . . . Spring protrudes the bursting gems. Thomson.

PROTRUDE
Pro*trude", v. i.

Defn: To shoot out or forth; to be thrust forward; to extend beyond a
limit; to project.
The parts protrude beyond the skin. Bacon.

PROTRUSILE
Pro*tru"sile, a.

Defn: Capable of being protruded or thrust out; protractile; protrusive.

PROTRUSION
Pro*tru"sion, n.

1. The act of protruding or thrusting forward, or beyond the usual limit.

2. The state of being protruded, or thrust forward.

PROTRUSIVE
Pro*tru"sive, a.

1. Thrusting or impelling forward; as, protrusive motion. E. Darwin.

2. Capable of being protruded; protrusile.

PROTRUSIVELY
Pro*tru"sive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a protrusive manner.

PROTUBERANCE
Pro*tu"ber*ance, n. Etym: [Cf. F. protubérance. See Protuberant.]

Defn: That which is protuberant swelled or pushed beyond the surrounding or adjacent surface; a swelling or tumor on the body; a prominence; a bunch or knob; an elevation. Solar protuberances (Astron.), certain rose-colored masses on the limb of the sun which are seen to extend beyond the edge of the moon at the time of a solar eclipse. They may be discovered with the spectroscope on any clear day. Called also solar prominences. See Illust. in Append.

Syn. — Projection, Protuberance. protuberance differs from projection, being applied to parts that rise from the surface with a gradual ascent or small angle; whereas a projection may be at a right angle with the surface.

PROTUBERANCY
Pro*tu"ber*an*cy, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being protuberant; protuberance; prominence.

PROTUBERANT Pro*tu"ber*ant, a. Etym: [L. protuberans, -antis, p. pr. of protuberare. See Protuberate.]

Defn: Prominent, or excessively prominent; bulging beyond the
surrounding or adjacent surface; swelling; as, a protuberant joint; a
protuberant eye.
— Pro*tu"ber*ant*ly, adv.

PROTUBERATE Pro*tu"ber*ate, v. i. Etym: [L. protuberare; pro forward + tuber a hump, protuberance. See Tuber.]

Defn: To swell, or be prominent, beyond the adjacent surface; to bulge out. S. Sharp.

PROTUBERATION
Pro*tu`ber*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act of swelling beyond the surrounding surface. Cooke (1615).

PROTUBEROUS
Pro*tu"ber*ous, a.

Defn: Protuberant. [R.]

PROTURETER
Pro`tu*re"ter, n. Etym: [NL. See Proto-, Ureter.] (Anat.)

Defn: The duct of a pronephros. Haeckel.

PROTYLE
Pro"tyle, n. Etym: [Proto- + Gr. (Chem. & Astron.)

Defn: The hypothetical homogeneous cosmic material of the original universe, supposed to have been differentiated into what are recognized as distinct chemical elements.

PROUD
Proud, a. [Compar. Prouder; superl. Proudest.] Etym: [OE. proud,
prout, prud, prut, AS. prut; akin to Icel. pruedhr stately, handsome,
Dan. prud handsome. Cf. Pride.]

1. Feeling or manifesting pride, in a good or bad sense; as: (a) Possessing or showing too great self-esteem; overrating one's excellences; hence, arrogant; haughty; lordly; presumptuous. Nor much expect A foe so proud will first the weaker seek. Milton. O death, made proud with pure and princely beauty ! Shak. And shades impervious to the proud world's glare. Keble.

(b) Having a feeling of high self-respect or self-esteem; exulting (in); elated; — often with of; as, proud of one's country. "Proud to be checked and soothed." Keble. Are we proud men proud of being proud Thackeray.

2. Giving reason or occasion for pride or self-gratulation; worthy of admiration; grand; splendid; magnificent; admirable; ostentatious. "Of shadow proud." Chapman. "Proud titles." Shak. " The proud temple's height." Dryden. Till tower, and dome, and bridge-way proud Are mantled with a golden cloud. Keble.

3. Excited by sexual desire; — applied particularly to the females of some animals. Sir T. Browne.

Note: Proud is often used with participles in the formation of compounds which, for the most part, are self-explaining; as, proud- crested, proud-minded, proud-swelling. Proud flesh (Med.), a fungous growth or excrescence of granulations resembling flesh, in a wound or ulcer.

PROUDISH
Proud"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat proud. Ash.

PROUDLING
Proud"ling, n.

Defn: A proud or haughty person. Sylvester.

PROUDLY
Proud"ly, adv.

Defn: In a proud manner; with lofty airs or mien; haughtily; arrogantly; boastfully. Proudly he marches on, and void of fear. Addison.

PROUDNESS
Proud"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being proud; pride.
Set aside all arrogancy and proudness. Latimer.

PROUSTITE
Proust"ite, n. Etym: [From the French chemist, J. L. Proust.] (Min.)

Defn: A sulphide of arsenic and silver of a beautiful cochineal-red color, occurring in rhombohedral crystals, and also massive; ruby silver.

PROVABLE
Prov"a*ble, a. Etym: [See Prove, and cf. Probable.]

Defn: Capable of being proved; demonstrable.
— Prov"a*ble*ness, n.
— Prov"a*bly, adv.

PROVAND; PROANT
Prov"and, Pro"ant, n. Etym: [See Provender.]

Defn: Provender or food. [Obs.]
One pease was a soldier's provant a whole day. Beau. & Fl.

PROVANT
Pro*vant", v. t.

Defn: To supply with provender or provisions; to provide for. [Obs.]
Nash.

PROVANT
Prov"ant, a.

Defn: Provided for common or general use, as in an army; hence, common in quality; inferior. "A poor provant rapier." B. Jonson.

PROVE
Prove, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Proved; p. pr. & vb. n. Proving.] Etym:
[OE. prover, F. prouver, fr. L. probare to try, approve, prove, fr.
probus good, proper. Cf. Probable, Proof, Probe.]

1. To try or to ascertain by an experiment, or by a test or standard; to test; as, to prove the strength of gunpowder or of ordnance; to prove the contents of a vessel by a standard measure. Thou hast proved mine heart. Ps. xvii. 3.

2. To evince, establish, or ascertain, as truth, reality, or fact, by argument, testimony, or other evidence. They have inferred much from slender premises, and conjectured when they could not prove. J. H. Newman.

3. To ascertain or establish the genuineness or validity of; to verify; as, to prove a will.

4. To gain experience of the good or evil of; to know by trial; to experience; to suffer. Where she, captived long, great woes did prove. Spenser.

5. (Arith.)

Defn: To test, evince, ascertain, or verify, as the correctness of any operation or result; thus, in subtraction, if the difference between two numbers, added to the lesser number, makes a sum equal to the greater, the correctness of the subtraction is proved.

6. (Printing)

Defn: To take a trial impression of; to take a proof of; as, to prove a page.

Syn. — To try; verify; justify; confirm; establish; evince; manifest; show; demonstrate.

PROVE
Prove, v. i.

1. To make trial; to essay.

2. To be found by experience, trial, or result; to turn out to be; as, a medicine proves salutary; the report proves false. "The case proves mortal." Arbuthnot. So life a winter's morn may prove. Keble.

3. To succeed; to turn out as expected. [Obs.] "The experiment proved not." Bacon.

PROVECT Pro*vect", a. Etym: [L. provectus, p. p. of provehere to carry forward.]

Defn: Carried forward; advanced. [Obs.] "Provect in years." Sir T.
Flyot.

PROVECTION
Pro*vec"tion, n. Etym: [L. provectio an advancement.] (Philol.)

Defn: A carrying forward, as of a final letter, to a following word; as, for example, a nickname for an ekename.

PROVEDITOR Pro*ved"i*tor, n. Etym: [It. proveditore, provveditore, fr. provedere, L. providere. See Provide, and cf. Purveyor, Provedore.]

Defn: One employed to procure supplies, as for an army, a steamer, etc.; a purveyor; one who provides for another. Jer. Taylor.

PROVEDORE
Prov"e*dore, n. Etym: [Cf. Sp. proveedor. See Proveditor.]

Defn: A proveditor; a purveyor.
Busied with the duties of a provedore. W. Irving.

PROVEN
Prov"en, p. p. or a.

Defn: Proved. "Accusations firmly proven in his mind." Thackeray. Of this which was the principal charge, and was generally believed to beproven, he was acquitted. Jowett (Thucyd. ). Not proven (Scots Law), a verdict of a jury that the guilt of the accused is not made out, though not disproved. Mozley & W.

PROVENANCE Prov"e*nance, n. [F., fr. provenir to originate, to come forth, L. provenire. Cf. Provenience.]

Defn: Origin; source; provenience.

Their age attested by their provenance and associations.
A. H. Keane.

PROVENCAL
Pro`ven`cal", a. Etym: [F., fr. Provence, fr. L. provincia province.
See Provincial.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Provence or its inhabitants.

PROVENCAL
Pro`ven`cal", n. Etym: [F.]

1. A native or inhabitant of Provence in France.

2. The Provencal language. See Langue d'oc.

PROVENCE ROSE Prov"ence rose`. Etym: [Provence the place + rose.] (a) The cabbage rose (Rosa centifolia). (b) A name of many kinds of roses which are hybrids of Rosa centifolia and R. Gallica.

PROVENCIAL
Pro*ven"cial, a. Etym: [See Provençal.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Provence in France.

PROVEND
Prov"end, n.

Defn: See Provand. [Obs.]

PROVENDER Prov"en*der, n. Etym: [OE. provende, F. provende, provisions, provender, fr. LL. praebenda (prae and pro being confused), a daily allowance of provisions, a prebend. See Prebend.]

1. Dry food for domestic animals, as hay, straw, corn, oats, or a mixture of ground grain; feed. "Hay or other provender." Mortimer. Good provender laboring horses would have. Tusser.

2. Food or provisions. [R or Obs.]

PROVENIENCE Pro*ve"ni*ence, n. [L. proveniens, -entis, p.pr. of provenire to come forth; pro forth + venire to come.]

Defn: Origin; source; place where found or produced; provenance; — used esp. in the fine arts and in archæology; as, the provenience of a patera.

PROVENIENT
Pro*ve"ni*ent, a. [L. proveniens, p.pr.]

Defn: Forthcoming; issuing. [Rare]

PROVENT
Prov"ent, n.

Defn: See Provand. [Obs.]

PROVENTRICLE
Pro*ven"tri*cle, n. (Anat.)

Defn: Proventriculus.

PROVENTRIULUS
Pro`ven*tri"u*lus, n. Etym: [NL. See Pro-, and Ventricle.] (Anat.)

Defn: The glandular stomach of birds, situated just above the crop.

PROVER
Prov"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, proves.

PROVERB Prov"erb, n. Etym: [OE. proverbe, F. proverbe, from L. proverbium; pro before, for + verbum a word. See Verb.]

1. An old and common saying; a phrase which is often repeated; especially, a sentence which briefly and forcibly expresses some practical truth, or the result of experience and observation; a maxim; a saw; an adage. Chaucer. Bacon.

2. A striking or paradoxical assertion; an obscure saying; an enigma; a parable. His disciples said unto him, Lo, now speakest thou plainly, and speakest no proverb. John xvi. 29.

3. A familiar illustration; a subject of contemptuous reference. Thou shalt become an astonishment, a proverb, and a by word, among all nations. Deut. xxviii. 37.

4. A drama exemplifying a proverb. Book of Proverbs, a canonical book of the Old Testament, containing a great variety of wise maxims.

Syn.
— Maxim; aphorism; apothegm; adage; saw.

PROVERB
Prov"erb, v. t.

1. To name in, or as, a proverb. [R.] Am I not sung and proverbed for a fool Milton.

2. To provide with a proverb. [R.] I am proverbed with a grandsire phrase. Shak.

PROVERB
Prov"erb, v. i.

Defn: To write or utter proverbs. [R.]

PROVERBIAL
Pro*ver"bi*al, a. Etym: [L. proverbialis: cf. F. proverbial.]

1. Mentioned or comprised in a proverb; used as a proverb; hence, commonly known; as, a proverbial expression; his meanness was proverbial. In case of excesses, I take the German proverbial cure, by a hair of the same beast, to be the worst. Sir W. Temple.

2. Of or pertaining to proverbs; resembling a proverb. "A proverbial obscurity." Sir T. Browne.

PROVERBIALISM
Pro*ver"bi*al*ism, n.

Defn: A proverbial phrase.

PROVERBIALIST
Pro*ver"bi*al*ist, n.

Defn: One who makes much use of proverbs in speech or writing; one who composes, collects, or studies proverbs.

PROVERBIALIZE
Pro*ver"bi*al*ize, v. t. & i. Etym: [Cf. F. proverbialiser.]

Defn: To turn into a proverb; to speak in proverbs.

PROVERBIALLY
Pro*ver"bi*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a proverbial manner; by way of proverb; hence, commonly; universally; as, it is proverbially said; the bee is proverbially busy.

PROVEXITY
Pro*vex"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. provehere to advance. Cf. Provect.]

Defn: Great advance in age. [Obs.]

PROVIDE
Pro*vide", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Provided; p. pr. & vb. n. Providing.]
Etym: [L. providere, provisum; pro before + videre to see. See
Vision, and cf. Prudent, Purvey.]

1. To look out for in advance; to procure beforehand; to get, collect, or make ready for future use; to prepare. "Provide us all things necessary." Shak.

2. To supply; to afford; to contribute. Bring me berries, or such cooling fruit As the kind, hospitable woods provide. Milton.

3. To furnish; to supply; — formerly followed by of, now by with. "And yet provided him of but one." Jer. Taylor. "Rome . . . was well provided with corn." Arbuthnot.

4. To establish as a previous condition; to stipulate; as, the contract provides that the work be well done.

5. To foresee.

Note: [A Latinism] [Obs.] B. Jonson.

6. To appoint to an ecclesiastical benefice before it is vacant. See Provisor. Prescott.

PROVIDE
Pro*vide", v. i.

1. To procure supplies or means in advance; to take measures beforehand in view of an expected or a possible future need, especially a danger or an evil; — followed by against or for; as, to provide against the inclemency of the weather; to provide for the education of a child. Government is a contrivance of human wisdom to provide for human wants. Burke.

2. To stipulate previously; to condition; as, the agreement provides for an early completion of the work.

PROVIDED
Pro*vid"ed, conj.

Defn: On condition; by stipulation; with the understanding; if; — usually followed by that; as, provided that nothing in this act shall prejudice the rights of any person whatever. Provided the deductions are logical, they seem almost indifferent to their truth. G. H. Lewes.

Note: This word is strictly a participle, and the word being is understood, the participle provided agreeing with the whole sentence absolute, and being equivalent to this condition being previously stipulated or established.

PROVIDENCE
Prov"i*dence, n. Etym: [L. providentia: cf. F. providence. See
Provident, and cf. Prudence.]

1. The act of providing or preparing for future use or application; a making ready; preparation. Providence for war is the best prevention of it. Bacon.

2. Foresight; care; especially, the foresight and care which God manifests for his creatures; hence, God himself, regarded as exercising a constant wise prescience. The world was all before them, where to choose Their place of rest, and Providence their guide. Milton.

3. (Theol.)

Defn: A manifestation of the care and superintendence which God exercises over his creatures; an event ordained by divine direction. He that hath a numerous family, and many to provide for, needs a greater providence of God. Jer. Taylor.

4. Prudence in the management of one's concerns; economy; frugality. It is a high point of providence in a prince to cast an eye rather upon actions than persons. Quarles.

PROVIDENT
Prov"i*dent, a. Etym: [L. providens, -entis, p. pr. of providere: cf.
F. provident. See Provide, and cf. Prudent.]

Defn: Foreseeing wants and making provision to supply them; prudent in preparing for future exigencies; cautious; economical; — sometimes followed by of; as, aprovident man; an animal provident of the future. And of our good and of our dignity, How provident he is. Milton.

Syn.
— Forecasting; cautious; careful; prudent; frugal; economical.

PROVIDENTIAL
Prov`i*den"tial, a. Etym: [Cf. F. providentiel.]

Defn: Effected by, or referable to, divine direction or
superintendence; as, the providential contrivance of thing; a
providential escape.
— Prov"i*den"tial*ly, adv.

PROVIDENTLY
Prov"i*dent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a provident manner.

PROVIDENTNESS
Prov"i*dent*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being provident; carefulness; prudence; economy.

PROVIDER
Pro*vid"er, n.

Defn: One who provides, furnishes, or supplies; one who procures what is wanted.

PROVIDORE
Prov"i*dore, n. Etym: [See Provedore.]

Defn: One who makes provision; a purveyor. [R.] De Foe.

PROVINCE Prov"ince, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. provincia; prob. fr. pro before, for + the root of vincere to conquer. See Victor.]

1. (Roman Hist.)

Defn: A country or region, more or less remote from the city of Rome, brought under the Roman government; a conquered country beyond the limits of Italy. Wyclif (Acts xiii. 34). Milton.

2. A country or region dependent on a distant authority; a portion of an empire or state, esp. one remote from the capital. "Kingdoms and provinces." Shak.

3. A region of country; a tract; a district.
Over many a tract of heaven they marched, and many a province wide.
Milton.
Other provinces of the intellectual world. I. Watts.

4. A region under the supervision or direction of any special person; the district or division of a country, especially an ecclesiastical division, over which one has jurisdiction; as, the province of Canterbury, or that in which the archbishop of Canterbury exercises ecclesiastical authority.

5. The proper or appropriate business or duty of a person or body; office; charge; jurisdiction; sphere. The woman'sprovince is to be careful in her economy, and chaste in her affection. Tattler.

6. Specif.: Any political division of the Dominion of Canada, having a governor, a local legislature, and representation in the Dominion parliament. Hence, colloquially, The Provinces, the Dominion of Canada.

PROVINCIAL
Pro*vin"cial, a. Etym: [L. provincialis: cf. F. provincial. See
Province, and cf. Provencal.]

1. Of or pertaining to province; constituting a province; as, a provincial government; a provincial dialect.

2. Exhibiting the ways or manners of a province; characteristic of the inhabitants of a province; not cosmopolitan; countrified; not polished; rude; hence, narrow; illiberal. "Provincial airs and graces." Macaulay.

3. Of or pertaining to an ecclesiastical province, or to the jurisdiction of an archbishop; not ecumenical; as, a provincial synod. Ayliffe.

4. Of or pertaining to Provence; Provencal. [Obs.] With two Provincial roses on my razed shoes. Shak.

PROVINCIAL
Pro*vin"cial, n.

1. A person belonging to a province; one who is provincial.

2. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A monastic superior, who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a province of the order.

PROVINCIALISM
Pro*vin"cial*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. provincialisme.]

Defn: A word, or a manner of speaking, peculiar to a province or a district remote from the mother country or from the metropolis; a provincial characteristic; hence, narrowness; illiberality. M. Arnold.

PROVINCIALIST
Pro*vin"cial*ist, n.

Defn: One who lives in a province; a provincial.

PROVINCIALITY
Pro*vin`ci*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being provincial; peculiarity of language characteristic of a province. T. Warton.

PROVINCIALIZE
Pro*vin"cial*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Provincialized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Provincializing.]

Defn: To render provincial. M. Arnold.

PROVINCIALLY
Pro*vin"cial*ly, adv.

Defn: In a provincial manner.

PROVINCIATE
Pro*vin"ci*ate, v. t.

Defn: To convert into a province or provinces. [Obs.] Howell.

PROVINE Pro*vine", v. i. Etym: [F. provingner, fr. provin a set, layer of a plant, OF. provain, from L. propago, -aginis, akin to propagare to propagate. See Propagate, Prune, v. t.]

Defn: To lay a stock or branch of a vine in the ground for propagation. [Obs.] Johnson.

PROVISION
Pro*vi"sion, n. Etym: [L. provisio: cf. F. provision. See Provide.]

1. The act of providing, or making previous preparation. Shak.

2. That which is provided or prepared; that which is brought together or arranged in advance; measures taken beforehand; preparation. Making provision for the relief of strangers. Bacon.

3. Especially, a stock of food; any kind of eatables collected or stored; — often in the plural. And of provisions laid in large, For man and beast. Milton.

4. That which is stipulated in advance; a condition; a previous agreement; a proviso; as, the provisions of a contract; the statute has many provisions.

5. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A canonical term for regular induction into a benefice, comprehending nomination, collation, and installation.

6. (Eng. Hist.)

Defn: A nomination by the pope to a benefice before it became vacant, depriving the patron of his right of presentation. Blackstone.

PROVISION
Pro*vi"sion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Provisioned; p. pr. & vb. n.
Provisioning.]

Defn: To supply with food; to victual; as, to provision a garrison.
They were provisioned for a journey. Palfrey.

PROVISIONAL
Pro*vi"sion*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. provisionnel.]

Defn: Of the nature of a provision; serving as a provision for the time being; — used of partial or temporary arrangements; as, a provisional government; a provisional treaty.

PROVISIONALLY
Pro*vi"sion*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of provision for the time being; temporarily. Locke.

PROVISIONARY
Pro*vi"sion*a*ry, a.

Defn: Provisional. Burke.

PROVISO Pro*vi"so, n.; pl. Provisos. Etym: [L., (it) being provided, abl. of provisus, p. p. of providere. See Provide, and cf. Purview.]

Defn: An article or clause in any statute, agreement, contract, grant, or other writing, by which a condition is introduced, usually beginning with the word provided; a conditional stipulation that affects an agreement, contract, law, grant, or the like; as, the contract was impaired by its proviso. He doth deny his prisoners, But with proviso and exception. Shak.

PROVISOR
Pro*vi"sor, n. Etym: [L., fr. providere: cf. F. proviseur. See
Provide.]

1. One who provides; a purveyor. [Obs.] "The chief provisor of our horse." Ford.

2. (R. C. Ch.) (a) The purveyor, steward, or treasurer of a religious house. Cowell. (b) One who is regularly inducted into a benefice. See Provision, 5. P. Plowman.

3. (Eng. Hist.)

Defn: One who procures or receives a papal provision. See Provision, 6.

PROVISORILY
Pro*vi"so*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a provisory manner; conditionally; subject to a proviso; as, to admit a doctrine provisorily. Sir W. Hamilton.

PROVISORSHIP
Pro*vi"sor*ship, n.

Defn: The office or position of a provisor. [R.] J. Webster.

PROVISORY
Pro*vi"so*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. provisoire.]

1. Of the nature of a proviso; containing a proviso or condition; conditional; as, a provisory clause.

2. Making temporary provision; provisional.

PROVOCATION
Prov`o*ca"tion, n. Etym: [F. provocation, L. provocatio. See
Provoke.]

1. The act of provoking, or causing vexation or, anger. Fabyan.

2. That which provokes, or excites anger; the cause of resentment; as, to give provocation. Paley.

3. Incitement; stimulus; as, provocation to mirth.

4. (Law)

Defn: Such prior insult or injury as may be supposed, under the circumstances, to create hot blood, and to excuse an assault made in retort or redress.

5. An appeal to a court.

Note: [A Latinism] [Obs.] Ayliffe.

PROVOCATIVE
Pro*vo"ca*tive, a. Etym: [L. provocativus: cf. OF. provocatif.]

Defn: Serving or tending to provoke, excite, or stimulate; exciting.

PROVOCATIVE
Pro*vo"ca*tive, n.

Defn: Anything that is provocative; a stimulant; as, a provocative of appetite.

PROVOCATIVENESS
Pro*vo"ca*tive*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being provocative.

PROVOCATORY
Pro*vo"ca*to*ry, a.

Defn: Provocative.

PROVOKABLE
Pro*vok"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be provoked.

PROVOKE
Pro*voke", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Provoked; p. pr. & vb. n. Provoking.]
Etym: [F. provoquer, L. provocare to call forth; pro forth + vocare
to call, fr. vox, vocis, voice, cry, call. See Voice.]

Defn: To call forth; to call into being or action; esp., to incense to action, a faculty or passion, as love, hate, or ambition; hence, commonly, to incite, as a person, to action by a challenge, by taunts, or by defiance; to exasperate; to irritate; to offend intolerably; to cause to retaliate. Obey his voice, provoke him not. Ex. xxiii. 21. Ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath. Eph. vi. 4. Such acts Of contumacy will provoke the Highest To make death in us live. Milton. Can honor's voice provoke the silent dust Gray. To the poet the meaning is what he pleases to make it, what it provokes in his own soul. J. Burroughs.

Syn.
— To irritate; arouse; stir up; awake; excite; incite; anger. See
Irritate.

PROVOKE
Pro*voke", v. i.

1. To cause provocation or anger.

2. To appeal.

Note: [A Latinism] [Obs.] Dryden.

PROVOKEMENT
Pro*voke"ment, n.

Defn: The act that which, provokes; one who excites anger or other passion, or incites to action; as, a provoker of sedition. Drink, sir, is a great provoker of three things. Shak.

PROVOKING
Pro*vok"ing, a.

Defn: Having the power or quality of exciting resentment; tending to awaken passion or vexation; as, provoking words or treatment. — Pro*vok"ing*ly, adv.

PROVOST Prov"ost, n. Etym: [OF. provost (L. prae and pro being confused), F. prevôt, fr. L. praepositus placed before, a chief, fr. praeponere to place before: cf. AS. prafost, profast. See Preposition, and cf. Propound.]

1. A person who is appointed to superintend, or preside over, something; the chief magistrate in some cities and towns; as, the provost of Edinburgh or of Glasgow, answering to the mayor of other cities; the provost of a college, answering to president; the provost or head of certain collegiate churches.

2. The keeper of a prison. [Obs.] Shak.

Note: In France, formerly, a provost was an inferior judge who had cognizance of civil causes. The grand provost of France, or of the household, had jurisdiction in the king's house, and over its officers. Provost marshal (often pronounced . (a) (Mil.) An officer appointed in every army, in the field, to secure the prisoners confined on charges of a general nature. He also performs such other duties pertaining to police and discipline as the regulations of the service or the commander's orders impose upon him. (b) (Nav.) An officer who has charge of prisoners on trial by court-martial, serves notices to witnesses, etc.

PROVOSTSHIP
Prov"ost*ship, n.

Defn: The office of a provost.

PROW
Prow, n. Etym: [F. proue (cf. Sp. & Pg. proa, It. prua), L. prora,
Gr. Pro-, and cf. Prore.]

Defn: The fore part of a vessel; the bow; the stem; hence, the vessel
itself. Wordsworth.
The floating vessel swum Uplifted, and secure with beaked prow rode
tilting o'er the waves. Milton.

PROW
Prow, n.

Defn: See Proa.

PROW
Prow, a. [Compar. Prower; superl. Prowest.] Etym: [OF.prou, preu, F.
preux, fr. L. pro, prod, in prodesse to be useful. See Pro-, and cf.
Prude.]

Defn: Valiant; brave; gallant; courageous. [Archaic] Tennyson.
The prowest knight that ever field did fight. Spenser.

PROW
Prow, n. Etym: [OE. & OF. prou. See Prow, a.]

Defn: Benefit; profit; good; advantage. [Obs.]
That shall be for your hele and for your prow. Chaucer.

PROWESS
Prow"ess, n. Etym: [OF. proece, proesce, F. prouesse. See Prow, a.]

Defn: Distinguished bravery; valor; especially, military bravery and skill; gallantry; intrepidity; fearlessness. Chaucer. Sir P. Sidney. He by his prowess conquered all France. Shak.

PROWL
Prowl, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prowled; p. pr. & vb. n. Prowling.] Etym:
[OE. prollen to search about; of uncertain origin, perh. for proglen,
a dim. of prog to beg, or proke to poke. Cf. Proke.]

1. To rove over, through, or about in a stealthy manner; esp., to search in, as for prey or booty. He prowls each place, still in new colors decked. Sir P. Sidney.

2. To collect by plunder; as, to prowl money. [Obs.]

PROWL
Prowl, v. i.

Defn: To rove or wander stealthily, esp. for prey, as a wild beast; hence, to prey; to plunder.

PROWL
Prowl, n.

Defn: The act of prowling. [Colloq.] Smart.

PROWLER
Prowl"er, n.

Defn: One that prowls. Thomson.

PROWLING
Prowl"ing, a.

Defn: Accustomed to prowl, or engaged in roving stealthily, as for prey. "A prowling wolf." Milton. — Prowl"ing*ly, adv.

PROX
Prox, n. Etym: [Cf. Proxy.]

Defn: "The ticket or list of candidates at elections, presented to the people for their votes." [Rhode Island] Bartlett.

PROXENE
Prox"ene, n. Etym: [Cf. proxène.] (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: An officer who had the charge of showing hospitality to those who came from a friendly city or state.

PROXENET
Prox"e*net, n. Etym: [L. proxeneta, Gr.

Defn: A negotiator; a factor. [R.] Dr. H. More.

PROXENETISM
Prox`e*ne"tism, n. [Gr. agent + -ism; cf. F. proxénétisme.]

Defn: The action of a go-between or broker in negotiating immoral bargains between the sexes; procuring.

PROXIMAD
Prox"i*mad, adv. Etym: [Proximal + L. ad to.] (Anat.)

Defn: Toward a proximal part; on the proximal side of; proximally.

PROXIMAL
Prox"i*mal, a.

1. Toward or nearest, as to a body, or center of motion of dependence; proximate.

2. (Biol.) (a) Situated near the point of attachment or origin; as, the proximal part of a limb. (b) Of or pertaining to that which is proximal; as, the proximal bones of a limb. Opposed to distal.

PROXIMALLY
Prox"i*mal*ly, adv. (Anat.)

Defn: On or toward a proximal part; proximad.

PROXIMATE Prox"i*mate, a. Etym: [L. proximatus, p. p. of proximare to come near, to approach, fr. proximus the nearest, nest, superl. of propior nearer, and prope, adv., near.]

Defn: Nearest; next immediately preceding or following. "Proximate ancestors." J. S. Harford. The proximate natural causes of it [the deluge]. T. Burnet. Proximate analysis (Chem.), an analysis which determines the proximate principles of any substance, as contrasted with an ultimate analysis. — Proximate cause. (a) A cause which immediately precedes and produces the effect, as distinguished from the remote, mediate, or predisposing cause. I. Watts. (b) That which in ordinary natural sequence produces a specific result, no independent disturbing agencies intervening. — Proximate principle (Physiol. Chem.), one of a class of bodies existing ready formed in animal and vegetable tissues, and separable by chemical analysis, as albumin, sugar, collagen, fat, etc.

Syn.
— Nearest; next; closest; immediate; direct.

PROXIMATELY
Prox"i*mate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a proximate manner, position, or degree; immediately.

PROXIME
Prox"ime, a. Etym: [L. proximus. See Proximate.]

Defn: Next; immediately preceding or following. [Obs.]

PROXIMIOUS
Prox*im"i*ous, a.

Defn: Proximate. [Obs.]

PROXIMITY
Prox*im"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. proximitas: cf. F. proximité See
Proximate, and cf. Propinquity, Approach.]

Defn: The quality or state of being next in time, place, causation, influence, etc.; immediate nearness, either in place, blood, or alliance. If he plead proximity of blood That empty title is with ease withstood. Dryden.

PROXIMO
Prox"i*mo. Etym: [L., on the next, abl. of proximus next.]

Defn: In the next month after the present; — often contracted to prox.; as, on the 3d proximo.

PROXY
Prox"y, n.; pl. Proxies. Etym: [Contr. from procuracy. Cf. Proctor.]

1. The agency for another who acts through the agent; authority to act for another, esp. to vote in a legislative or corporate capacity. I have no man's proxy: I speak only for myself. Burke.

2. The person who is substituted or deputed to act or vote for another. Every peer . . . may make another lord of parliament his proxy, to vote for him in his absence. Blackstone.

3. A writing by which one person authorizes another to vote in his stead, as in a corporation meeting.

4. (Eng. Law)

Defn: The written appointment of a proctor in suits in the ecclesiastical courts. Burrill.

5. (Eccl.)

Defn: See Procuration. [Obs.]

PROXY
Prox"y, v. i.

Defn: To act or vote by proxy; to do anything by the agency of another. [R.]

PROXYSHIP
Prox"y*ship, n.

Defn: The office or agency of a proxy.

PRUCE
Pruce, n. Etym: [OE. for Prussia: cf. F. Prusse.]

Defn: Prussian leather. [Obs.] Dryden.

PRUDE Prude, n. Etym: [F., prudish, originally, discreet, modest; shortened from OF. prudefeme, preudefeme, a discreet or excellent woman; OF. preu, prou, excellent, brave + de of + fete woman. See Prow, a., Prowess.]

Defn: A woman of affected modesty, reserve, or coyness; one who is
overscrupulous or sensitive; one who affects extraordinary prudence
in conduct and speech.
Less modest than the speech of prudes. Swift.

PRUDENCE
Pru"dence, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. prudentia, contr. from providentia.
See Prudent, and cf. Providence.]

Defn: The quality or state of being prudent; wisdom in the way of caution and provision; discretion; carefulness; hence, also, economy; frugality. Prudence is principally in reference to actions to be done, and due means, order, seasons, and method of doing or not doing. Sir M. Hale. Prudence supposes the value of the end to be assumed, and refers only to the adaptation of the means. It is the relation of right means for given ends. Whewell.

Syn. — Wisdom; forecast; providence; considerateness; judiciousness; discretion; caution; circumspection; judgment. See Wisdom.

PRUDENCY
Pru"den*cy, n.

Defn: Prudence. [Obs.] Hakluyt.

PRUDENT Pru"dent, a. Etym: [L. prudens, -entis, contr. from providens: cf. F. prudent. See Provident.]

1. Sagacious in adapting means to ends; circumspect in action, or in determining any line of conduct; practically wise; judicious; careful; discreet; sensible; — opposed to rash; as, a prudent man; dictated or directed by prudence or wise forethought; evincing prudence; as, prudent behavior. Moses established a grave and prudent law. Milton.

2. Frugal; economical; not extravagant; as, a prudent woman; prudent expenditure of money.

Syn. — Cautious; wary; circumspect; considerate; discreet; judicious; provident; economical; frugal.

PRUDENTIAL
Pru*den"tial, a.

1. Proceeding from, or dictated or characterized by, prudence; prudent; discreet; sometimes, selfish or pecuniary as distinguished from higher motives or influences; as, prudential motives. " A prudential line of conduct." Sir W. Scott.

2. Exercising prudence; discretionary; advisory; superintending or executive; as, a prudential committee.

PRUDENTIAL
Pru*den"tial, n.

Defn: That which relates to or demands the exercise of, discretion or prudence; — usually in the pl. Many stanzas, in poetic measures, contain rules relating to common prudentials as well as to religion. I. Watts.

PRUDENTIALIST
Pru*den"tial*ist, n.

Defn: One who is governed by, or acts from, prudential motives. [R.]
Coleridge.

PRUDENTIALITY
Pru*den`ti*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being prudential. Sir T. Browne.

PRUDENTIALLY
Pru*den"tial*ly, adv.

Defn: In a prudential manner; prudently. South.

PRUDENTLY
Pru"dent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a prudent manner.

PRUDERY
Prud"er*y, n.; pl. Pruderies. Etym: [F. pruderie. See Prude.]

Defn: The quality or state of being prudish; excessive or affected scrupulousness in speech or conduct; stiffness; coyness. Cowper.

PRUDHOMME
Prud*homme", n. Etym: [F. prud'homme. cf. Prude.]

Defn: A trustworthy citizen; a skilled workman. See Citation under 3d
Commune, 1.

PRUDISH
Prud"ish, a.

Defn: Like a prude; very formal, precise, or reserved; affectedly severe in virtue; as, a prudish woman; prudish manners. A formal lecture, spoke with prudish face. Garrick.

PRUDISHLY
Prud"ish*ly, adv.

Defn: In a prudish manner.

PRUINATE
Pru"i*nate, a.

Defn: Same as Pruinose.

PRUINOSE
Pru"i*nose`, a. Etym: [L. pruinosus, fr. pruina hoarfrost.]

Defn: Frosty; covered with fine scales, hairs, dust, bloom, or the like, so as to give the appearance of frost.

PRUINOUS
Pru"i*nous, a.

Defn: Frosty; pruinose.

PRUNE Prune, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pruned; p. pr. & vb. n. Pruning.] Etym: [OE. proine, probably fr. F. provigner to lay down vine stocks for propagation; hence, probably, the meaning, to cut away superfluous shoots. See Provine.]

1. To lop or cut off the superfluous parts, branches, or shoots of; to clear of useless material; to shape or smooth by trimming; to trim: as, to prune trees; to prune an essay. Thackeray. Taking into consideration how they [laws] are to be pruned and reformed. Bacon. Our delightful task To prune these growing plants, and tend these flowers. Milton.

2. To cut off or cut out, as useless parts. Horace will our superfluous branches prune. Waller.

3. To preen; to prepare; to dress. Spenser. His royal bird Prunes the immortal wing and cloys his beak. Shak.

PRUNE
Prune, v. i.

Defn: To dress; to prink; -used humorously or in contempt. Dryden.

PRUNE
Prune, n. Etym: [F. prune, from L. prunum a plum. See Plum.]

Defn: A plum; esp., a dried plum, used in cookery; as, French or Turkish prunes; California prunes. German prune (Bot.), a large dark purple plum, of oval shape, often one-sided. It is much used for preserving, either dried or in sirup. Prune tree. (Bot.) (a) A tree of the genus Prunus (P. domestica), which produces prunes. (b) The West Indian tree, Prunus occidentalis. — South African prune (Bot.), the edible fruit of a sapindaceous tree (Pappea Capensis).

PRUNELLA Pru*nel"la, n. Etym: [NL., perhaps from G. bræune quinsy, croup.] (Med.) (a) Angina, or angina pectoris. (b) Thrush. Prunella salt (Old Chem.), niter fused and cast into little balls.

PRUNELLA; PRUNELLO Pru*nel"la, Pru*nel"lo, n. Etym: [F. prunelle, probably so called from its color resembling that of prunes. See Prune, n.]

Defn: A smooth woolen stuff, generally black, used for making shoes; a kind of lasting; — formerly used also for clergymen's gowns.

PRUNELLE
Pru*nelle", n. Etym: [F., dim. of prune. See Prune, n.]

Defn: A kind of small and very acid French plum; — applied especially to the stoned and dried fruit.

PRUNELLO
Pru*nel"lo, n. Etym: [F. prunelle, dim. of prune. See Prune a plum.]

Defn: A species of dried plum; prunelle.

PRUNER
Prun"er, n.

1. One who prunes, or removes, what is superfluous.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of beetles whose larvæ gnaw the branches of trees so as to cause them to fall, especially the American oak pruner (Asemum moestum), whose larva eats the pith of oak branches, and when mature gnaws a circular furrow on the inside nearly to the bark. When the branches fall each contains a pupa.

PRUNIFEROUS
Pru*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. prunum a plum + -ferous.]

Defn: Bearing plums.

PRUNING
Prun"ing, n.

1. The act of trimming, or removing what is superfluous.

2. (Falconry)

Defn: That which is cast off by bird in pruning her feathers; leavings. Beau. & Fl. Pruning hook, or Pruning knife, cutting instrument used in pruning trees, etc. — Pruning shears, shears for pruning trees, vines, etc.

PRUNUS
Pru"nus, n. Etym: [L., a plum tree.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of trees with perigynous rosaceous flowers, and a single two-ovuled carpel which usually becomes a drupe in ripening.

Note: Originally, this genus was limited to the plums, then, by Linnæus, was made to include the cherries and the apricot. Later botanists separated these into several genera, as Prunus, Cerasus, and Armeniaca, but now, by Bentham and Hooker, the plums, cherries, cherry laurels, peach, almond, and nectarine are all placed in Prunus.

PRURIENCE; PRURIENCY
Pru"ri*ence, Pru"ri*en*cy, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being prurient.
The pruriency of curious ears. Burke.
There is a prurience in the speech of some. Cowper.

PRURIENT
Pru"ri*ent, a. Etym: [L. pruries, -entis, p. pr. of prurire to itch.
Cf. Freeze.]

Defn: Uneasy with desire; itching; especially, having a lascivious curiosity or propensity; lustful. — Pru"ri*ent*ly, adv. The eye of the vain and prurient is darting from object to object of illicit attraction. I. Taylor.

PRURIGINOUS
Pru*rig"i*nous, a. Etym: [L. pruriginosus: cf. F. prurigineux.]
(Med.)

Defn: Tending to, or caused by, prurigo; affected by, or of the nature of, prurigo.

PRURIGO
Pru*ri"go, n. Etym: [L., an itching, the itch, fr. prurire to itch.]
(Med.)

Defn: A papular disease of the skin, of which intense itching is the chief symptom, the eruption scarcely differing from the healthy cuticle in color.

PRURITUS
Pru*ri"tus, n. Etym: [L.] (Med.)

Defn: Itching.

PRUSSIAN
Prus"sian, a. Etym: [From Prussia, the country: cf. F. prussien.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Prussia.
— n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Prussia. Prussian blue (Chem.), any one of several complex double cyanides of ferrous and ferric iron; specifically, a dark blue amorphous substance having a coppery luster, obtained by adding a solution of potassium ferrocyanide (yellow prussiate of potash) to a ferric salt. It is used in dyeing, in ink, etc. Called also Williamson's blue, insoluble Prussian blue, Berlin blue, etc. — Prussian carp (Zoöl.) See Gibel. — Prussian green. (Chem.) Same as Berlin green, under Berlin.

PRUSSIATE
Prus"si*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. prussiate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of prussic acid; a cyanide. Red prussiate of potash. See Potassium ferricyanide, under Ferricyanide. Yellow prussiate of potash. See Potassium ferrocyanide, under Ferrocyanide.

PRUSSIC
Prus"sic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. prussique.] (Old Chem.)

Defn: designating the acid now called hydrocyanic acid, but formerly called prussic acid, because Prussian blue is derived from it or its compounds. See Hydrocyanic.

PRUTENIC
Pru*ten"ic, a. (Astron.)

Defn: Prussian; — applied to certain astronomical tables published in the sixteenth century, founded on the principles of Copernicus, a Prussian.

PRY
Pry, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. prize a lever. See Prize, n.]

Defn: A lever; also, leverage. [Local, U. S. & Eng.] Pry pole, the pole which forms the prop of a hoisting gin, and stands facing the windlass.

PRY
Pry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pried; p. pr. & vb. n. Prying.]

Defn: To raise or move, or attempt to raise or move, with a pry or lever; to prize. [Local, U. S. & Eng.]

PRY
Pry, v. i. Etym: [OE. prien. Cf. Peer to peep.]

Defn: To peep narrowly; to gaze; to inspect closely; to attempt to discover something by a scrutinizing curiosity; — often implying reproach. " To pry upon the stars." Chaucer. Watch thou and wake when others be asleep, To pry into the secrets of the state. Shak.

PRY
Pry, n.

Defn: Curious inspection; impertinent peeping.

PRYAN
Pry"an, n. (Mining)

Defn: See Prian.

PRYING
Pry"ing, a.

Defn: Inspecting closely or impertinently.

Syn.
— Inquisitive; curious. See Inquisitive.

PRYINGLY
Pry"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a prying manner.

PRYTANEUM
Pryt`a*ne"um, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A public building in certain Greek cities; especially, a public hall in Athens regarded as the home of the community, in which official hospitality was extended to distinguished citizens and strangers.

PRYTANIS
Pryt"a*nis, n.; pl. Prytanes. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A member of one of the ten sections into which the Athenian senate of five hundred was divided, and to each of which belonged the presidency of the senate for about one tenth of the year.

PRYTANY
Pryt"a*ny, n. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: The period during which the presidency of the senate belonged to the prytanes of the section.

PRYTHEE
Pryth"ee, interj.

Defn: See Prithee.

PSALM
Psalm, n. Etym: [OE. psalm, salm, AS. sealm, L. psalmus, psalma, fr.
Gr. psalme, salme, F. psaume.]

1. A sacred song; a poetical composition for use in the praise or worship of God. Humus devout and holy psalms Singing everlastingly. Milton.

2. Especially, one of the hymns by David and others, collected into one book of the Old Testament, or a modern metrical version of such a hymn for public worship.

PSALM
Psalm, v. t.

Defn: To extol in psalms; to sing; as, psalming his praises.
Sylvester.

PSALMIST
Psalm"ist, n. Etym: [L. psalmista, Gr. psalmiste. See Psalm.]

1. A writer or composer of sacred songs; — a title particularly applied to David and the other authors of the Scriptural psalms.

2. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A clerk, precentor, singer, or leader of music, in the church.

PSALMISTRY
Psalm"ist*ry, n.

Defn: The use of psalms in devotion; psalmody.

PSALMODIC; PSALMODICAL
Psal*mod"ic, Psal*mod"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. psalmodique.]

Defn: Relating to psalmody.

PSALMODIST
Psal"mo*dist, n.

Defn: One who sings sacred songs; a psalmist.

PSALMODIZE
Psal"mo*dize, v. i.

Defn: To practice psalmody. " The psalmodizing art." J. G. Cooper.

PSALMODY
Psal"mo*dy, n. Etym: [Gr. psalmodie, LL. psalmodia. See Psalm, and
Ode.]

Defn: The act, practice, or art of singing psalms or sacred songs; also, psalms collectively, or a collection of psalms.

PSALMOGRAPH
Psal"mo*graph, n. Etym: [See Psalmographer.]

Defn: A writer of psalms; a psalmographer.

PSALMOGRAPHER; PSALMOGRAPHIST
Psal*mog"ra*pher, Psal*mog"ra*phist, n. Etym: [L. psalmographus, Gr.

Defn: A writer of psalms, or sacred songs and hymns.

PSALMOGRAPHY
Psal*mog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. psalmographie.]

Defn: The act or practice of writing psalms, or sacred songs.

PSALTER Psal"ter, n. Etym: [OE. psauter, sauter, OF. sautier, psaltier, F. psautier, from L. psalterium. See Psaltery.]

1. The Book of Psalms; — often applied to a book containing the Psalms separately printed.

2. Specifically, the Book of Psalms as printed in the Book of Common Prayer; among the Roman Catholics, the part of the Breviary which contains the Psalms arranged for each day of the week.

3. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A rosary, consisting of a hundred and fifty beads, corresponding to the number of the psalms.

PSALTERIAL
Psal*te"ri*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the psalterium.

PSALTERIUM Psal*te"ri*um, n.; pl. Psalteria. Etym: [L., a psaltery.] (Anat.) (a) The third stomach of ruminants. See Manyplies. (b) The lyra of the brain.

PSALTERY
Psal"ter*y, n.; pl. Psalteries. Etym: [OE. sautrie, OF. psalterie, F.
psaltérion, L. psalterium psaltery, psalter, from Gr. Psalm,
Psalter.]

Defn: A stringed instrument of music used by the Hebrews, the form of
which is not known.
Praise the Lord with harp; sing unto him with the psaltery and an
instrument of ten strings. Ps. xxxiii. 2.

PSAMMITE
Psam"mite, n. Etym: [Gr. psammite.] (Min.)

Defn: A species of micaceous sandstone.
— Psam*mit"ic, a.

PSAROLITE
Psar"o*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A silicified stem of tree fern, found in abundance in the
Triassic sandstone.

PSELLISM
Psel"lism, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Indistinct pronunciation; stammering.

PSEPHISM
Pse"phism, n. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A proposition adopted by a majority of votes; especially, one adopted by vote of the Athenian people; a statute. J. P. Mahaffy.

PSEUDAESTHESIA
Pseu`dæs*the"si*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Æsthesia.]
(Physiol.)

Defn: False or imaginary feeling or sense perception such as occurs in hypochondriasis, or such as is referred to an organ that has been removed, as an amputated foot.

PSEUDEMBRYO Pseu*dem"bry*o, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + embryo.] (Zoöl.) (a) A false embryo. (b) An asexual form from which the true embryo is produced by budding.

PSEUDEPIGRAPHIC; PSEUDEPIGRAPHIC
Pseu*dep`i*graph"ic, Pseu*dep`i*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pseudepigraphy.

PSEUDEPIGRAPHOUS
Pseu`de*pig"ra*phous, a. Etym: [Gr. Pseudo-, and Epigraphy.]

Defn: Inscribed with a false name. Cudworth.

PSEUDEPIGRAPHY
Pseu`de*pig"ra*phy, n.

Defn: The ascription of false names of authors to works.

PSEUDHAEMAL
Pseud*hæ"mal, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + hæmal.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the vascular system of annelids. Pseudhæmal fluid, the circulatory fluid, or blood, of annelids, analogous to the blood of vertebrates. It is often red, but is sometimes green or colorless. — Pseudhæmal vessels, the blood vessels of annelids.

PSEUDO-
Pseu"do-. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A combining form or prefix signifying false, counterfeit, pretended, spurious; as, pseudo-apostle, a false apostle; pseudo- clergy, false or spurious clergy; pseudo-episcopacy, pseudo-form, pseudo-martyr, pseudo-philosopher. Also used adjectively.

PSEUDOBACTERIA
Pseu`do*bac*te"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [Pseudo- + bacteria.] (Biol.)

Defn: Microscopic organic particles, molecular granules, powdered inorganic substances, etc., which in form, size, and grouping resemble bacteria.

Note: The globules which divide and develop in form of chains are organized beings; when this does not occur, we are dealing with pseudobacteria. Sternberg.

PSEUDOBLEPSIS
Pseu`do*blep"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: False or depraved sight; imaginary vision of objects. Forsyth.

PSEUDOBRANCH
Pseu"do*branch, n. (Anat.)

Defn: Same as Pseudobranchia.

PSEUDOBRANCHIA Pseu`do*bran"chi*a, n.; pl. Pseudobranchiæ. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Branchia.] (Anat.)

Defn: A rudimentary branchia, or gill.
— Pseu`do*bran"chi*al, a.

PSEUDO-BULB
Pseu"do-bulb`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + bulb.] (Bot.)

Defn: An aërial corm, or thickened stem, as of some epiphytic orchidaceous plants.

PSEUDOCARP
Pseu"do*carp, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: That portion of an anthocarpous fruit which is not derived from the ovary, as the soft part of a strawberry or of a fig.

PSEUDO-CHINA
Pseu`do-chi"na, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + china.] (Bot.)

Defn: The false china root, a plant of the genus Smilax (S. Pseudo- china), found in America.

PSEUDOCOELE
Pseu"do*coele, n.

Defn: Same as Pseudocoelia.

PSEUDOCOELIA
Pseu`do*coe"li*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The fifth ventricle in the mammalian brain. See Ventricle. B.
G. Wilder.

PSEUDO-CONE
Pseu"do-cone`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + cone.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the soft gelatinous cones found in the compound eyes of certain insects, taking the place of the crystalline cones of others.

PSEUDO-CUMENE
Pseu`do-cu"mene, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + cumene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon of the aromatic series, metameric with mesitylene and cumene, found in coal tar, and obtained as a colorless liquid.

PSEUDO-DIPTERAL Pseu`do-dip"ter*al, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + dipteral: cf. F. pseudodiptère.] (Arch.)

Defn: Falsely or imperfectly dipteral, as a temple with the inner range of columns surrounding the cella omitted, so that the space between the cella wall and the columns is very great, being equal to two intercolumns and one column. — n.

Defn: A pseudo-dipteral temple.

PSEUDODOX
Pseu"do*dox, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Not true in opinion or doctrine; false.
— n.

Defn: A false opinion or doctrine. "To maintain the atheistical pseudodox which judgeth evil good, and darkness light." T. Adams.

PSEUDOFILARIA
Pseu`do*fi*la"ri*a, n.; pl. Pseudofilari. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and
Filaria.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the two elongated vibratile young formed by fission of the embryo during the development of certain Gregarinæ.

PSEUDO-GALENA
Pseu`do-ga*le"na, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + galena.] (Min.)

Defn: False galena, or blende. See Blende (a).

PSEUDOGRAPH
Pseu"do*graph, n. Etym: [See Pseudography.]

Defn: A false writing; a spurious document; a forgery.

PSEUDOGRAPHY
Pseu*dog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: False writing; forgery.

PSEUDOHALTER
Pseu`do*hal"ter, n.; pl. Pseudohalteres. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and
Halteres.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the rudimentary front wings of certain insects
(Stylops). They resemble the halteres, or rudimentary hind wings, of
Diptera.

PSEUDO-HEART
Pseu"do-heart`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + heart.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any contractile vessel of invertebrates which is not of the nature of a real heart, especially one of those pertaining to the excretory system.

PSEUDO-HYPERTHOPHIC
Pseu`do-hy`per*thoph"ic, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + hypertrophic.] (Med.)

Defn: Falsely hypertrophic; as, pseudo-hypertrophic paralysis, a variety of paralysis in which the muscles are apparently enlarged, but are really degenerated and replaced by fat.

PSEUDOLOGIST
Pseu*dol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who utters falsehoods; a liar.

PSEUDOLOGY
Pseu*dol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. pseudologie.]

Defn: Falsehood of speech. Arbuthnot.

PSEUDO-METALLIC
Pseu`do-me*tal"lic, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + metallic.]

Defn: Falsely or imperfectly metallic; — said of a kind of luster, as in minerals.

PSEUDO-MONOCOTYLEDONOUS Pseu`do-mon`o*cot`y*led"on*ous, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + monocotyledonous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two coalescent cotyledons, as the live oak and the horse-chestnut.

PSEUDOMORPH
Pseu"do*morph, n. Etym: [See Pseudomorphous.]

1. An irregular or deceptive form.

2. (Crystallog.)

Defn: A pseudomorphous crystal, as a crystal consisting of quartz, but having the cubic form of fluor spar, the fluor crystal having been changed to quartz by a process of substitution.

PSEUDOMORPHISM
Pseu`do*mor"phism, n. (Crystallog.)

Defn: The state of having, or the property of taking, a crystalline form unlike that which belongs to the species.

PSEUDOMORPHOUS
Pseu`do*mor"phous, a. Etym: [Gr. pseudomorphe.]

Defn: Not having the true form. Pseudomorphous crystal, one which has a form that does not result from its own powers of crystallization.

PSEUDONAVICELLA
Pseu`do*nav`i*cel"la, n.; pl. Pseudonavicullæ. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pseudonavicula.

PSEUDONAVICULA Pseu`do*na*vic"u*la, n.; pl. Pseudonaviculæ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. navicula, a genus of diatoms. See Navicular.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the minute spindle-shaped embryos of Gregarinæ and some other Protozoa.

PSEUDONEUROPTERA
Pseu`do*neu*rop"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and
Neuroptera.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: division of insects (Zoöl.) reticulated wings, as in the Neuroptera, but having an active pupa state. It includes the dragon flies, May flies, white ants, etc. By some zoölogists they are classed with the Orthoptera; by others, with the Neuroptera.

PSEUDONEUROPTEROUS
Pseu`do*neu*rop"ter*ous, a. (Zool.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Pseudoneuroptera.

PSEUDONYM
Pseu"do*nym, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pseudonyme. See Pseudonymous.]

Defn: A fictitious name assumed for the time, as by an author; a pen name. [Written also pseudonyme.]

PSEUDONYMITY
Pseu`do*nym"i*ty, n.

Defn: The using of fictitious names, as by authors.

PSEUDONYMOUS
Pseu*don"y*mous, a. Etym: [Gr. pseudonyme. See Pseudo-, and Name.]

Defn: Bearing a false or fictitious name; as, a pseudonymous work.
— Pseu*don"y*mous*ly, adv.
— Pseu*don"y*mous*ness, n.

PSEUDO-PERIPTERAL Pseu`do-pe*rip"ter*al, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + peripteral: cf. F. pseudopériptère.] (Arch.)

Defn: Falsely or imperfectly peripteral, as a temple having the columns at the sides attached to the walls, and an ambulatory only at the ends or only at one end. — n.

Defn: A pseudo-peripteral temple. Oxf. Gloss.

PSEUDO-PERIPTERAL Pseu`do-pe*rip"ter*al, a. [Pseudo- + peripteral: cf. F. pseudopériptère.] (Arch.)

Defn: Falsely or imperfectly peripteral, as a temple having the columns at the sides attached to the walls, and an ambulatory only at the ends or only at one end. — n.

Defn: A pseudo-peripteral temple. Oxf. Gloss.

PSEUDOPOD
Pseu"do*pod, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + -pod.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: Any protoplasmic filament or irregular process projecting from any unicellular organism, or from any animal or plant call.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A rhizopod.

PSEUDOPODIAL
Pseu`do*po"di*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pseudopod, or to pseudopodia. See Illust. of Heliozoa.

PSEUDOPODIUM
Pseu`do*po"di*um, n.; pl. Pseudopodia (. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Same as Pseudopod.

PSEUDOPUPA
Pseu`do*pu"pa, n.; pl. L. Pseudopupæ, E. Pseudopupas. Etym: [NL. See
Pseudo-, and Pupa.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A stage intermediate between the larva and pupa of bees and certain other hymenopterous insects.

PSEUDORHABDITE
Pseu`do*rhab"dite, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the peculiar rodlike corpuscles found in the integument of certain Turbellaria. They are filled with a soft granular substance.

PSEUDO-ROMANTIC
Pseu`do-ro*man"tic, a. Etym: Pseudo- + romantic.]

Defn: Falsely romantic.
The false taste, the pseudo-romantic rage. De Quincey.

PSEUDOSCOPE
Pseu"do*scope, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + -scope.] (Opt.)

Defn: An instrument which exhibits objects with their proper relief reversed; — an effect opposite to that produced by the stereoscope. Wheatstone.

PSEUDOSCOPIC
Pseu`do*scop"ic, a. (Opt.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or formed by, a pseudoscope; having its parts appearing with the relief reversed; as, a pseudoscopic image.

PSEUDOSCORPIONES
Pseu`do*scor`pi*o"nes, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Scorpion.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of Arachnoidea having the palpi terminated by large claws, as in the scorpions, but destitute of a caudal sting; the false scorpions. Called also Pseudoscorpii, and Pseudoscorpionina. See Illust. of Book scorpion, under Book.

PSEUDOSPHERE
Pseu"do*sphere`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + sphere.] (Geom.)

Defn: The surface of constant negative curvature generated by the revolution of a tractrix. This surface corresponds in non-Euclidian space to the sphere in ordinary space. An important property of the surface is that any figure drawn upon it can be displaced in any way without tearing it or altering in size any of its elements.

PSEUDOSPORE
Pseu"do*spore`, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + spore.] (Bot.)

Defn: A peculiar reproductive cell found in some fungi.

PSEUDOSTELLA
Pseu`do*stel"la, n.; pl. -læ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. stella star.]
(Astron.)

Defn: Any starlike meteor or phenomenon. [R.]

PSEUDOSTOMA
Pseu*dos"to*ma, n.; pl. Pseudostomata. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and
Stoma.] (Anat.)

Defn: A group of cells resembling a stoma, but without any true aperture among them.

PSEUDO-SYMMETRIC
Pseu`do-sym*met"ric, a. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Exhibiting pseudo-symmetry.

PSEUDO-SYMMETRY
Pseu`do-sym"me*try, n. Etym: [Pseudo- + symmetry.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: A kind of symmetry characteristic of certain crystals which from twinning, or other causes, come to resemble forms of a system other than that to which they belong, as the apparently hexagonal prisms of aragonite.

PSEUDOTETRAMERA
Pseu`do*te*tram"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and
Tetramerous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of beetles having the fifth tarsal joint minute and obscure, so that there appear to be but four joints. — Pseu`do*te*tram"er*al, a.

PSEUDOTINEA
Pseu`do*tin"e*a (, n.; pl. Pseudotineæ. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and
Tinea.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The bee moth, or wax moth (Galleria).

PSEUDOTURBINAL
Pseu`do*tur"bi*nal, a. Etym: [Pseudo- + turbinal.] (Anat.)

Defn: See under Turbinal.

PSEUDOVARY
Pseu*do"va*ry, n.; pl. Pseudovaries. Etym: [Pseudo- + ovary.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The organ in which pseudova are produced; — called also pseudovarium.

PSEUDOVUM
Pseu*do"vum, n.; pl. Pseudova. Etym: [NL. See Pseudo-, and Ovum.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: An egglike germ produced by the agamic females of some insects and other animals, and by the larvæ of certain insects. It is capable of development without fertilization. See Illust. of Pædogenesis.

PSHAW
Pshaw, interj. Etym: [Of imitative origin.]

Defn: Pish! pooch! — an exclamation used as an expression of contempt, disdain, dislike, etc. [Written also psha.]

PSHAW
Pshaw, v. i.

Defn: To express disgust or contemptuous disapprobation, as by the
exclamation " Pshaw!"
The goodman used regularly to frown and pshaw wherever this topic was
touched upon. Sir W. Scott.

PSILANTHROPIC
Psi`lan*throp"ic, a. Etym: [see Psilanthropist.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or embodying, psilanthropy. "A psilanthropic explanation." Coleridge.

PSILANTHROPISM
Psi*lan"thro*pism, n.

Defn: Psilanthropy.

PSILANTHROPIST
Psi*lan"thro*pist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who believes that Christ was a mere man. Smart.

PSILANTHROPY
Psi*lan"thro*py, n.

Defn: The doctrine of the merely human existence of Christ.

PSILOLOGY
Psi*lol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr -logy.]

Defn: Love of empty of empty talk or noise. Coleridge.

PSILOMELANE
Psi*lom"e*lane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous oxide of manganese, occurring in smooth, botryoidal forms, and massive, and having an iron-black or steel-gray color.

PSILOPAEDES
Psi`lo*pæ"des, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: birds whose young at first have down on the pterylæ only; — called also Gymnopædes.

PSILOPAEDIC
Psi`lo*pæd"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having down upon the pterylæ only; — said of the young of certain birds.

PSILOSOPHER
Psi*los"o*pher, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A superficial or narrow pretender to philosophy; a sham philosopher.

PSITTACEOUS; PSITTACID Psit*ta"ceous, Psit"ta*cid, a. Etym: [L. psittacus a parrot, Gr. psittacide.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the parrots, or the Psittaci. — n.

Defn: One of the Psittaci.

PSITTACI
Psit"ta*ci, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The order of birds which comprises the parrots.

PSITTA-CO-FULVINE
Psit`ta-co-ful"*vine, n. Etym: [Gr. fulvus yellow.]

Defn: A yellow pigment found in the feathers of certain parrots.

PSOAS
Pso"as, n. Etym: [Gr. psoas.] (Anat.)

Defn: An internal muscle arising from the lumbar vertebræ and inserted into the femur. In man there are usually two on each side, and the larger one, or great psoas, forms a part of the iliopsoas.

PSORA
Pso"ra, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A cutaneous disease; especially, the itch.

PSORIASIS Pso*ri"a*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) The state of being affected with psora. [Obs.] (b) A cutaneous disease, characterized by imbricated silvery scales, affecting only the superficial layers of the skin.

PSORIC
Pso"ric, a. Etym: [L. psoricus, Gr. psorique.] (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to psora.

PSOROSPERM
Pso"ro*sperm, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A minute parasite, usually the young of Gregarinæ, in the pseudonavicula stage.

PSYCHAGOGIC
Psy`cha*gog"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Psychagogue.]

Defn: Attractive; persuasive. J. Morley.

PSYCHAGOGUE
Psy"cha*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A necromancer. [R.]

PSYCHAL
Psy"chal, a. Etym: [See Psychical.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the soul; psychical. Bayne.

PSYCHANALYSIS
Psy`cha*nal"y*sis, n. [Psycho-+ analysis.]

Defn: A method or process of psychotherapeutic analysis based on the work of Dr. Sigmund Freud (1856- —) of Vienna. The method rests upon the theory that hysteria is characteristically due to repression of desires consciously rejected but subconsciously persistent; it consists in a close analysis of the patient's mental history, stress being laid upon the dream life, and of treatment by means of suggestion. — Psy*chan`a*lyt"ic (#), a. — Psy`cha*nal"y*sist (#), n.

PSYCHE
Psy"che, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Class Myth.)

Defn: A lovely maiden, daughter of a king and mistress of Eros, or
Cupid. She is regarded as the personification of the soul.

2. The soul; the vital principle; the mind.

3. Etym: [F. psyché.]

Defn: A cheval glass.

PSYCHIAN
Psy"chi*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any small moth of the genus Psyche and allied genera (family
Psychidæ). The larvæ are called basket worms. See Basket worm, under
Basket.

PSYCHIATRIA; PSYCHIATRY
Psy*chi`a*tri"a, Psy*chi"a*try, n. Etym: [NL. psychiatria, fr. Gr.
(Med.)

Defn: The application of the healing art to mental diseases.
Dunglison.

PSYCHIATRIC
Psy`chi*at"ric, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to psychiatria.

PSYCHIC; PSYCHICAL
Psy"chic, Psy"chic*al, a. Etym: [L. psychicus, Gr. psychique.]

1. Of or pertaining to the human soul, or to the living principle in man.

Note: This term was formerly used to express the same idea as psychological. Recent metaphysicians, however, have employed it to mark the difference between psychh` the living principle in man, and pney^ma the rational or spiritual part of his nature. In this use, the word describes the human soul in its relation to sense, appetite, and the outer visible world, as distinguished from spiritual or rational faculties, which have to do with the supersensible world. Heyse.

2. Of or pertaining to the mind, or its functions and diseases; mental; — contrasted with physical. Psychical blindness, Psychical deafness (Med.), forms of nervous disease in which, while the senses of sight and hearing remain unimpaired, the mind fails to appreciate the significance of the sounds heard or the images seen. — Psychical contagion, the transference of disease, especially of a functional nervous disease, by mere force of example. — Psychical medicine, that department of medicine which treats of mental diseases.

PSYCHICS
Psy"chics, n.

Defn: Psychology.

PSYCHISM
Psy"chism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. psychisme.] (Philos.)

Defn: The doctrine of Quesne, that there is a fluid universally diffused, end equally animating all living beings, the difference in their actions being due to the difference of the individual organizations. Fleming.

PSYCHO-
Psy"cho-.

Defn: A combining form from Gr. the soul, the mind, the understanding; as, psychology.

PSYCHOANALYSIS; PSYCHOANALYTIC
Psy`cho*a*nal"y*sis, n. —Psy`cho*an`a*lyt"ic, a. etc.

Defn: = Psychanalysis, Psychanalytic.

PSYCHOGENESIS
Psy`cho*gen"e*sis, n.

Defn: Genesis through an internal force, as opposed to natural selection.

PSYCHOGRAPHY
Psy*chog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Psycho- + -graphy.]

1. A description of the phenomena of mind.

2. (Spiritualism)

Defn: Spirit writing.

PSYCHOLOGIC; PSYCHOLOGICAL
Psy`cho*log"ic, Psy`cho*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. psychologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to psychology. See Note under Psychic.
— Psy`cho*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

PSYCHOLOGIST
Psy*chol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. psychologiste.]

Defn: One who is versed in, devoted to, psychology.

PSYCHOLOGUE
Psy"cho*logue, n.

Defn: A psychologist.

PSYCHOLOGY Psy*chol"o*gy, n. pl. Psychologies (. Etym: [Psycho- + -logy: cf. F. psychologie. See Psychical.]

Defn: The science of the human soul; specifically, the systematic or scientific knowledge of the powers and functions of the human soul, so far as they are known by consciousness; a treatise on the human soul. Psychology, the science conversant about the phenomena of the mind, or conscious subject, or self. Sir W. Hamilton.

PSYCHOMACHY
Psy*chom"a*chy, n. Etym: [L. psychomachia, fr. Gr.

Defn: A conflict of the soul with the body.

PSYCHOMANCY
Psy"cho*man`cy, n. Etym: [Psycho- + -mancy: cf. F. psychomancie.]

Defn: Necromancy.

PSYCHOMETRY
Psy*chom"e*try, n. Etym: [Psycho- + -metry.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The art of measuring the duration of mental processes, or of determining the time relations of mental phenomena. — Psy`cho*met"ric, a.

PSYCHO-MOTOR
Psy`cho-mo"tor, a. Etym: [Psycho- + motor.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to movement produced by action of the mind or will.

PSYCHOPANNYCHISM
Psy"cho*pan"ny*chism, n. Etym: [Psycho- + Gr. (Theol.)

Defn: The doctrine that the soul falls asleep at death, and does not wake until the resurrection of the body. — Psy`cho*pan"ny*chism, n.

PSYCHOPATHY
Psy*chop"a*thy, n. Etym: [Psycho- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Mental disease. See Psychosis, 2.
— Psy`cho*path"ic, a.
— Psy*chop"a*thist, n.

PSYCHOPHYSICAL
Psy`cho*phys"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to psychophysics; involving the action or mutual relations of the psychical and physical in man. Psychophysical time (Physiol.), the time required for the mind to transform a sensory impression into a motor impulse. It is an important part of physiological or reaction time. See under Reaction.

PSYCHOPHYSICS
Psy`cho*phys"ics, n. Etym: [Psycho- + physics.]

Defn: The science of the connection between nerve action and consciousness; the science which treats of the relations of the psychical and physical in their conjoint operation in man; the doctrine of the relation of function or dependence between body and soul.

PSYCHOPOMP
Psy"cho*pomp, n. Etym: [Gr. psychopompe.] (Myth.)

Defn: A leader or guide of souls . J. Fiske.

PSYCHOSIS
Psy*cho"sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Psycho-.]

1. Any vital action or activity. Mivart.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A disease of the mind; especially, a functional mental disorder, that is, one unattended with evident organic changes.

PSYCHOTHERAPEUTICS
Psy`cho*ther`a*peu"tics, n. [Psycho- + therapeutics.] (Med.)

Defn: The treatment of disease by acting on the mind, as by suggestion; mind cure; psychotherapy.

PSYCHOTHERAPY
Psy`cho*ther"a*py, n. [Psycho-+ therapy.] (Med.)

Defn: Psychotherapeutics.

PSYCHOZOIC
Psy`cho*zo"ic, a. Etym: [Psycho- + Gr. (Geol.)

Defn: Designating, or applied to the Era of man; as, the psychozoic era.

PSYCHROMETER Psy*chrom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. psychro`s cold + -meter: cf. F. psychromètre.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the tension of the aqueous vapor in the atmosphere, being essentially a wet and dry bulb hygrometer.

PSYCHROMETRICAL
Psy`chro*met"ric*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the psychrometer or psychrometry.

PSYCHROMETRY
Psy*chrom"e*try, n.

Defn: Hygrometry.

PSYLLA
Psyl"la, n.; pl. Psyllæ. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any leaping plant louse of the genus Psylla, or family
Psyllidæ.

PTARMIGAN Ptar"mi*gan, n. Etym: [Gael. tarmachan; cf. Ir. tarmochan, tarmonach.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any grouse of the genus Lagopus, of which numerous species are known. The feet are completely feathered. Most of the species are brown in summer, but turn white, or nearly white, in winter.

Note: They chiefly inhabit the northern countries and high mountains of Europe, Asia, and America. The common European species is Lagopus mutus. The Scotch grouse, red grouse, or moor fowl (L. Scoticus), is reddish brown, and does not turn white in winter. The white, or willow, ptarmigan (L. albus) is found in both Europe and America.

PTENOGLOSSA
Pte`no*glos"sa, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of gastropod mollusks having the teeth of the radula arranged in long transverse rows, somewhat like the barbs of a feather.

PTENOGLOSSATE
Pte`no*glos"sate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Ptenoglossa.

PTERANODON
Pte*ran"o*don, n. Etym: [Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of American Cretaceous pterodactyls destitute of teeth. Several species are known, some of which had an expanse of wings of twenty feet or more.

PTERANODONTIA
Pte*ran`o*don"ti*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A group of pterodactyls destitute of teeth, as in the genus
Pteranodon.

PTERICHTHYS
Pte*rich"thys, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of Devonian fossil fishes with winglike appendages. The head and most of the body were covered with large bony plates. See Placodermi.

PTERIDOLOGIST
Pter`i*dol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who is versed in pteridology.

PTERIDOLOGY
Pter`i*dol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: That department of botany which treats of ferns.

PTERIDOMANIA
Pter`i*do*ma"ni*a, n. Etym: [Gr. mania.]

Defn: A madness, craze, or strong fancy, for ferns. [R.] C. Kingsley.

PTERIDOPHYTA
Pter`i*doph"y*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A class of flowerless plants, embracing ferns, horsetails, club
mosses, quillworts, and other like plants. See the Note under
Cryptogamia.
— Pter"i*do*phyte`, n.

Note: This is a modern term, devised to replace the older ones acrogens and vascular Cryptogamia.

PTEROBRANCHIA
Pter`o*bran"chi*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of marine Bryozoa, having a bilobed lophophore and an axial cord. The genus Rhabdopleura is the type. Called also Podostomata. See Rhabdopleura.

PTEROCERAS
Pte*roc"e*ras, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of large marine gastropods having the outer border of the lip divided into lobes; — called also scorpion shell.

PTEROCLETES Pter`o*cle"tes, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr Pterocles, the typical genus, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of birds including the sand grouse. They are in some respects intermediate between the pigeons and true grouse. Called also Pteroclomorphæ.

PTERODACTYL
Pter`o*dac"tyl, n. Etym: [Gr. ptérodactyle.] (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct flying reptile; one of the Pterosauria. See
Illustration in Appendix.

PTERODACTYLI
Pter`o*dac"ty*li, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: Same as Pterosauria.

PTEROGLOSSAL
Pter`o*glos"sal, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the tongue finely notched along the sides, so as to have a featherlike appearance, as the toucans.

PTERON
Pte"ron, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The region of the skull, in the temporal fossa back of the orbit, where the great wing of the sphenoid, the temporal, the parietal, and the frontal hones approach each other.

PTEROPAPPI
Pter`o*pap"pi, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zool.)

Defn: Same as Odontotormæ.

PTEROPHORE
Pter"o*phore, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any moth of the genus Pterophorus and allied genera; a plume moth. See Plume moth, under Plume.

PTEROPOD
Pter"o*pod, n. Etym: [Gr. ptéropode.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Pteropoda.

PTEROPODA
Pte*rop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A class of Mollusca in which the anterior lobes of the foot are developed in the form of broad, thin, winglike organs, with which they swim at near the surface of the sea.

Note: The Pteropoda are divided into two orders: Cymnosomata, which have the body entirely naked and the head distinct from the wings; and Thecosomata, which have a delicate transparent shell of various forms, and the head not distinct from the wings.

PTEROPODOUS
Pte*rop"o*dous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Pteropoda.

PTEROSAUR
Pter"o*saur, n. Etym: [Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A pterodactyl.

PTEROSAURIA
Pter`o*sau"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct order of flying reptiles of the Mesozoic age; the pterodactyls; — called also Pterodactyli, and Ornithosauria.

Note: The wings were formed, like those of bats, by a leathery expansion of the skin, principally supported by the greatly enlarged outer or " little" fingers of the hands. The American Cretaceous pterodactyls had no teeth. See Pteranodontia, and Pterodactyl.

PTEROSAURIAN
Pter`o*sau"ri*an, a. (Paleon.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Pterosauria.

PTEROSTIGMA
Pter`o*stig"ma, n.; pl. Pterostigmata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A thickened opaque spot on the wings of certain insects.

PTEROTIC
Pte*ro"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to, or designating, a bone between the proötic and epiotic in the dorsal and outer part of the periotic capsule of many fishes. — n.

Defn: The pterotic bone.

Note: The pterotic bone is so called because fancied in some cases to resemble in form a bird's wing

PTERYGIUM
Pte*ryg"i*um, n.; pl. E. Pterygiums, L. Pterygia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.
(Med.)

Defn: A superficial growth of vascular tissue radiating in a fanlike manner from the cornea over the surface of the eye.

PTERYGOID Pter"y*goid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Anat.) (a) Like a bird's wing in form; as, a pterygoid bone. (b) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pterygoid bones, pterygoid processes, or the whole sphenoid bone. — n.

Defn: A pterygoid bone. Pterygoid bone (Anat.), a bone which corresponds to the inner plate of the pterygoid process of the human skull, but which, in all vertebrates below mammals, is not connected with the posterior nares, but serves to connect the palatine bones with the point of suspension of the lower jaw. — Pterygoid process (Anat.), a process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in man divided into two plates, an inner and an outer. The posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes.

PTERYGOMAXILLARY
Pter`y*go*max"il*la*ry, a. Etym: [Pterygoid + maxillary.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the inner pterygoid plate, or pterygoid bone, and the lower jaw.

PTERYGOPALATINE
Pter`y*go*pal"a*tine, a. Etym: [Pterygoid + palatine.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pterygoid processes and the palatine bones.

PTERYGOPODIUM
Pter`y*go*po"di*um, n.; pl. Pterygopodia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A specially modified part of the ventral fin in male elasmobranchs, which serves as a copulatory organ, or clasper.

PTERYGOQUADRATE
Pter`y*go*quad"rate, a. Etym: [Pterygoid + quadrate.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or representing the pterygoid and quadrate bones or cartilages.

PTERYLA
Pte*ry"la, n.; pl. Pterylæ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the definite areas of the skin of a bird on which feathers grow; — contrasted with apteria.

PTERYLOGRAPHY
Pter`y*log"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Pteryla + -graphy.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The study or description of the arrangement of feathers, or of the pterylæ, of birds.

PTERYLOSIS
Pter`y*lo"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. NL. & E. pteryla.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The arrangement of feathers in definite areas.

PTILOCERQUE
Ptil"o*cerque, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zool.)

Defn: The pentail.

PTILOPAEDES
Ptil`o*pæ"des, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Dasypædes.

PTILOPAEDIC
Ptil`o*pæd"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having nearly the whole surface of the skin covered with down; dasypædic; — said of the young of certain birds.

PTILOPTERI
Pti*lop"te*ri, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of birds including only the penguins.

PTILOSIS
Pti*lo"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pterylosis.

PTISAN Ptis"an, n. Etym: [L. ptisana peeled barley, barley water, Gr. ptisane, tisane.]

1. A decoction of barley with other ingredients; a farinaceous drink.

2. (Med.)

Defn: An aqueous medicine, containing little, if any, medicinal agent; a tea or tisane.

PTOLEMAIC
Ptol`e*ma"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Ptolemy, the geographer and astronomer. Ptolemaic system (Astron.), the system maintained by Ptolemy, who supposed the earth to be fixed in the center of the universe, with the sun and stars revolving around it. This theory was received for ages, until superseded by the Copernican system.

PTOLEMAIST
Ptol"e*ma`ist, n.

Defn: One who accepts the astronomical system of Ptolemy.

PTOMAINE
Pto"ma*ine, n. Etym: [From Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: One of a class of animal bases or alkaloids formed in the putrefaction of various kinds of albuminous matter, and closely related to the vegetable alkaloids; a cadaveric poison. The ptomaines, as a class, have their origin in dead matter, by which they are to be distinguished from the leucomaines.

PTOSIS
Pto"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Drooping of the upper eyelid, produced by paralysis of its levator muscle.

PTYALIN
Pty"a*lin, n. Etym: [Gr. Ptyalism.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: An unorganized amylolytic ferment, on enzyme, present in human mixed saliva and in the saliva of some animals.

PTYALISM
Pty"a*lism, n. Etym: [Gr. ptyalisme.]

Defn: Salivation, or an excessive flow of saliva. Quain.

PTYALOGOGUE
Pty*al"o*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A ptysmagogue.

PTYSMAGOGUE
Ptys"ma*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr. ptysmagogue.] (Med.)

Defn: A medicine that promotes the discharge of saliva.

PTYXIS
Ptyx"is, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The way in which a leaf is sometimes folded in the bud.

PUBBLE
Pub"ble, a. Etym: [Perhaps fr. bubble.]

Defn: Puffed out, pursy; pudgy; fat. [Obs.] Drant.

PUBERAL
Pu"ber*al, a. Etym: [From L. puber, pubes, grown up, adult.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to puberty.

PUBERTY Pu"ber*ty, n. Etym: [L. pubertas, fr. puber, pubes, adult: cf. F. puberté.]

1. The earliest age at which persons are capable of begetting or bearing children, usually considered, in temperate climates, to be about fourteen years in males and twelve in females.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The period when a plant first bears flowers.

PUBERULENT
Pu*ber"u*lent, a. Etym: [See Pubis.] (Bot.)

Defn: Very minutely downy.

PUBES Pu"bes, n. Etym: [L., the hair which appears on the body at puberty, from pubes adult.]

1. (Anat.) (a) The hair which appears upon the lower part of the hypogastric region at the age of puberty. (b) Hence (as more commonly used), the lower part of the hypogastric region; the pubic region.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The down of plants; a downy or villous substance which grows on plants; pubescence.

PUBESCENCE
Pu*bes"cence, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pubescence.]

1. The quality or state of being pubescent, or of having arrived at puberty. Sir T. Browne.

2. A covering of soft short hairs, or down, as one some plants and insects; also, the state of being so covered.

PUBESCENCY
Pu*bes"cen*cy, n.

Defn: Pubescence.

PUBESCENT Pu*bes"cent, a. Etym: [L. pubescens, -entis, p. pr. of pubescere to reach puberty, to grow hairy or mossy, fr. pubes pubes: cf. F. pubescent.]

1. Arrived at puberty. That . . . the men (are) pubescent at the age of twice seven, is accounted a punctual truth. Sir T. Browne.

2. Covered with pubescence, or fine short hairs, as certain insects, and the leaves of some plants.

PUBIC
Pu"bic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pubes; in the region of the pubes; as, the pubic bone; the pubic region, or the lower part of the hypogastric region. See Pubes. (b) Of or pertaining to the pubis.

PUBIS
Pu"bis, n. Etym: [NL. See Pubes.] (Anat.)

Defn: The ventral and anterior of the three principal bones composing either half of the pelvis; sharebone; pubic bone.

PUBLIC Pub"lic, a. Etym: [L. publicus, poblicus, fr. populus people: cf. F. public. See People.]

1. Of or pertaining to the people; belonging to the people; relating to, or affecting, a nation, state, or community; — opposed to private; as, the public treasury. To the public good Private respects must yield. Milton. He [Alexander Hamilton] touched the dead corpse of the public credit, and it sprung upon its feet. D. Webster.

2. Open to the knowledge or view of all; general; common; notorious; as, public report; public scandal. Joseph, . . . not willing to make her a public example, was minded to put her away privily. Matt. i. 19.

3. Open to common or general use; as, a public road; a public house.
"The public street." Shak. Public act or statute (Law), an act or
statute affecting matters of public concern. Of such statutes the
courts take judicial notice.
— Public credit. See under Credit.
— Public funds. See Fund, 3.
— Public house, an inn, or house of entertainment.
— Public law. (a) See International law, under International. (b) A
public act or statute.
— Public nuisance. (Law) See under Nuisance.
— Public orator. (Eng. Universities) See Orator, 3.
— Public stores, military and naval stores, equipments, etc.
— Public works, all fixed works built by civil engineers for public
use, as railways, docks, canals, etc.; but strictly, military and
civil engineering works constructed at the public cost.

PUBLIC
Pub"lic, n.

1. The general body of mankind, or of a nation, state, or community; the people, indefinitely; as, the American public; also, a particular body or aggregation of people; as, an author's public. The public is more disposed to censure than to praise. Addison.

2. A public house; an inn. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott. In public, openly; before an audience or the people at large; not in private or secrecy. "We are to speak in public." Shak.

PUBLICAN
Pub"li*can, n. Etym: [L. publicanus: cf. F. publicain. See Public.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A farmer of the taxes and public revenues; hence, a collector of toll or tribute. The inferior officers of this class were often oppressive in their exactions, and were regarded with great detestation. As Jesus at meat . . . many publicans and sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples. Matt. 1x. 10. How like a fawning publican he looks! Shak.

2. The keeper of an inn or public house; one licensed to retail beer, spirits, or wine.

PUBLICATION Pub`li*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. publicatio confiscation: cf. F. publication. See Publish.]

1. The act of publishing or making known; notification to the people at large, either by words, writing, or printing; proclamation; divulgation; promulgation; as, the publication of the law at Mount Sinai; the publication of the gospel; the publication of statutes or edicts.

2. The act of offering a book, pamphlet, engraving, etc., to the public by sale or by gratuitous distribution. The publication of these papers was not owing to our folly, but that of others. Swift.

3. That which is published or made known; especially, any book, pamphlet, etc., offered for sale or to public notice; as, a daily or monthly publication.

4. An act done in public. [R. & Obs.] His jealousy . . . attends the business, the recreations, the publications, and retirements of every man. Jer. Taylor. Publication of a libel (Law), such an exhibition of a libel as brings it to the notice of at least one person other than the person libeled. — Publication of a will (Law), the delivery of a will, as his own, by a testator to witnesses who attest it.

PUBLIC-HEARTED
Pub"lic-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Public-spirited. [R.]

PUBLICIST
Pub"li*cist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. publiciste.]

Defn: A writer on the laws of nature and nations; one who is versed in the science of public right, the principles of government, etc. The Whig leaders, however, were much more desirous to get rid of Episcopacy than to prove themselves consummate publicists and logicians. Macaulay.

PUBLICITY
Pub*lic"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. publicité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being public, or open to the knowledge of a community; notoriety; publicness.

PUBLICITY PAMPHLET
Publicity pamphlet.

Defn: A pamphlet which, in some States of the United States having the initiative or referendum, is mailed to the voters to inform them as to the nature of a measure submitted by the initiative or referendum. The pamphlet contains a copy of the proposed law and arguments for and against it by those favoring and opposing it, respectively.

PUBLICLY
Pub"lic*ly, adv.

1. With exposure to popular view or notice; without concealment; openly; as, property publicly offered for sale; an opinion publicly avowed; a declaration publicly made.

2. In the name of the community. Addison.

PUBLIC-MINDED
Pub"lic-mind`ed, a.

Defn: Public-spirited.
— Pub"lic-mind`ed*ness, n.

PUBLICNESS
Pub"lic*ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being public, or open to the view or notice of people at large; publicity; notoriety; as, the publicness of a sale.

2. The quality or state of belonging to the community; as, the publicness of property. Boyle.

PUBLIC SCHOOL Public school. (a) In Great Britain, any of various schools maintained by the community, wholly or partly under public control, or maintained largely by endowment and not carried on chiefly for profit; specif., and commonly, any of various select and usually expensive endowed schools which give a liberal modern education or prepare pupils for the universities. Eton, Harrow, Rugby, and Winchester are of this class. (b) In the United States, a free primary, grammar, or high school maintained by the local government.

PUBLIC-SERVICE CORPORATION; QUASI-PUBLIC CORPORATION
Public-service corporation or sometimes Quasi-public corporation.

Defn: A corporation, such as a railroad company, lighting company, water company, etc., organized or chartered to follow a public calling or to render services more or less essential to the general public convenience or safety.

PUBLIC-SPIRITED
Pub"lic-spir`it*ed, a.

1. Having, or exercising, a disposition to advance the interest of the community or public; as, public-spirited men.

2. Dictated by a regard to public good; as, a public-spirited project
or measure. Addison.
— Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ly, adv.
— Pub"lic-spir`it*ed*ness, n.

PUBLISH
Pub"lish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Published; p. pr. & vb. n. Publishing.]
Etym: [F. publier, L. publicare, publicatum. See Public, and -ish.]

1. To make public; to make known to mankind, or to people in general; to divulge, as a private transaction; to promulgate or proclaim, as a law or an edict. Published was the bounty of her name. Chaucer. The unwearied sun, from day to day, Does his Creator's power display, And publishes to every land The work of an almighty hand. Addison.

2. To make known by posting, or by reading in a church; as, to publish banns of marriage.

3. To send forth, as a book, newspaper, musical piece, or other printed work, either for sale or for general distribution; to print, and issue from the press.

4. To utter, or put into circulation; as, to publish counterfeit paper. [U.S.] To publish a will (Law), to acknowledge it before the witnesses as the testator's last will and testament.

Syn. — To announce; proclaim; advertise; declare; promulgate; disclose; divulge; reveal. See Announce.

PUBLISHABLE
Pub"lish*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being published; suitable for publication.

PUBLISHER
Pub"lish*er, n.

Defn: One who publishes; as, a publisher of a book or magazine. For love of you, not hate unto my friend, Hath made me publisher of this pretense. Shak.

PUBLISHMENT
Pub"lish*ment, n.

1. The act or process of making publicly known; publication.

2. A public notice of intended marriage, required by the laws of some States. [U.S.]

PUCCOON
Puc*coon", n. Etym: [From the American Indian name.] (Bot.)

Defn: Any one of several plants yielding a red pigment which is used by the North American Indians, as the bloodroot and two species of Lithospermum (L. hirtum, and L. canescens); also, the pigment itself.

PUCE
Puce, a. Etym: [F., fr. puce a flea, L. pulex, pulicis.]

Defn: Of a dark brown or brownish purple color.

PUCEL
Pu"cel, n.

Defn: See Pucelle. [Obs.]

PUCELAGE
Pu"cel*age (; 48), n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Virginity. [R.]

PUCELLE Pu*celle", n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. pulicella, fr. L. pullus a young animal. See Pullet.]

Defn: A maid; a virgin. [Written also pucel.] [Obs.]
Lady or pucelle, that wears mask or fan. B. Jonson.
La Pucelle, the Maid of Orleans, Joan of Arc.

PUCERON
Pu"ce*ron, n. Etym: [F., from puce a flea. See Puce.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any plant louse, or aphis.

PUCHERITE
Pu"cher*ite, n. Etym: [So named from the Pucher Mine, in Saxony.]
(Min.)

Defn: Vanadate of bismuth, occurring in minute reddish brown crystals.

PUCK
Puck, n. Etym: [OE. pouke; cf. OSw. puke, Icel. puki an evil demon,
W. pwca a hobgoblin. Cf. Poker a bugbear, Pug.]

1. (Mediæval Myth.)

Defn: A celebrated fairy, "the merry wanderer of the night;" —
called also Robin Goodfellow, Friar Rush, Pug, etc. Shak.
He meeteth Puck, whom most men call Hobgoblin, and on him doth fall.
Drayton.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The goatsucker. [Prov. Eng.]

PUCKA
Puck"a, a. [Written also pukka.] [Hind. pakka cooked, ripe, solid.]

Defn: Good of its kind; — variously used as implying substantial, real, fixed, sure, etc., and specif., of buildings, made of brick and mortar. [India]

It's pukka famine, by the looks of it.
Kipling.

PUCKBALL
Puck"ball`, n. Etym: [Puck + ball.]

Defn: A puffball.

PUCKER
Puck"er, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Puckered; p. pr. & vb. n.
Puckering.] Etym: [From Poke a pocket, small bag.]

Defn: To gather into small folds or wrinkles; to contract into ridges and furrows; to corrugate; — often with up; as, to pucker up the mouth. "His skin [was] puckered up in wrinkles." Spectator.

PUCKER
Puck"er, n.

1. A fold; a wrinkle; a collection of folds.

2. A state of perplexity or anxiety; confusion; bother; agitation. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.]

PUCKERER
Puck"er*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, puckers.

PUCKERY
Puck"er*y, a.

1. Producing, or tending to produce, a pucker; as, a puckery taste. Lowell.

2. Inclined to become puckered or wrinkled; full of puckers or wrinkles.

PUCKFIST
Puck"fist`, n.

Defn: A puffball.

PUCKISH
Puck"ish, a. Etym: [From Puck.]

Defn: Resembling Puck; merry; mischievous. "Puckish freaks." J. R.
Green.

PUCRAS
Pu"cras, n. Etym: [From a native name in India.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Koklass.

PUD
Pud, n.

Defn: Same as Pood.

PUD
Pud, n.

Defn: The hand; the first. [Colloq.] Lamb.

PUDDENING Pud"den*ing, n. Etym: [Probably fr. pudden, for pudding, in allusion to its softness.] (Naut.) (a) A quantity of rope-yarn, or the like, placed, as a fender, on the bow of a boat. (b) A bunch of soft material to prevent chafing between spars, or the like.

PUDDER
Pud"der, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puddered; p. pr. & vb. n. Puddering.]
Etym: [Cf. Pother.]

Defn: To make a tumult or bustle; to splash; to make a pother or
fuss; to potter; to meddle.
Puddering in the designs or doings of others. Barrow.
Others pudder into their food with their broad nebs. Holland.

PUDDER
Pud"der, v. t.

Defn: To perplex; to embarrass; to confuse; to bother; as, to pudder a man. Locke.

PUDDER
Pud"der, n.

Defn: A pother; a tumult; a confused noise; turmoil; bustle. "All in a pudder." Milton.

PUDDING
Pud"ding, n. Etym: [Cf. F. boudin black pudding, sausage, L. botulus,
botellus, a sausage, G. & Sw. pudding pudding, Dan. podding, pudding,
LG. puddig thick, stumpy, W. poten, potten, also E. pod, pout, v.]

1. A species of food of a soft or moderately hard consistence, variously made, but often a compound of flour or meal, with milk and eggs, etc. And solid pudding against empty praise. Pope.

2. Anything resembling, or of the softness and consistency of, pudding.

3. An intestine; especially, an intestine stuffed with meat, etc.; a sausage. Shak.

4. Any food or victuals. Eat your pudding, slave, and hold your tongue. Prior.

5. (Naut.)

Defn: Same as Puddening. Pudding grass (Bot.), the true pennyroyal
(Mentha Pulegium), formerly used to flavor stuffing for roast meat.
Dr. Prior.
— Pudding pie, a pudding with meat baked in it. Taylor (1630).
— Pudding pipe (Bot.), the long, cylindrical pod of the leguminous
tree Cassia Fistula. The seeds are separately imbedded in a sweetish
pulp. See Cassia.
— Pudding sleeve, a full sleeve like that of the English clerical
gown. Swift.
— Pudding stone. (Min.) See Conglomerate, n., 2.
— Pudding time. (a) The time of dinner, pudding being formerly the
dish first eaten. [Obs.] Johnson. (b) The nick of time; critical
time. [Obs.]
Mars, that still protects the stout, In pudding time came to his aid.
Hudibras.

PUDDING FISH; PUDDING WIFE
Pud"ding fish, Pudding wife. [Prob. corrupted fr. the Sp. name in
Cuba, pudiano verde.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, handsomely colored, blue and bronze, labroid fish
(Iridio, syn. Platyglossus, radiatus) of Florida, Bermuda, and the
West Indies. Called also pudiano, doncella, and, at Bermuda,
bluefish.

PUDDING-HEADED
Pud"ding-head`ed, a.

Defn: Stupid. [Colloq.]

PUDDLE
Pud"dle, n. Etym: [OE. podel; cf. LG. pudel, Ir. & Gael. plod pool.]

1. A small quantity of dirty standing water; a muddy plash; a small pool. Spenser.

2. Clay, or a mixture of clay and sand, kneaded or worked, when wet, to render it impervious to water. Puddle poet, a low or worthless poet. [R.] Fuller.

PUDDLE
Pud"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Puddled; p. pr. & vb. n. Puddling.]

1. To make foul or muddy; to pollute with dirt; to mix dirt with (water). Some unhatched practice . . . Hath puddled his clear spirit. Shak.

2. (a) To make dense or close, as clay or loam, by working when wet, so as to render impervious to water. (b) To make impervious to liquids by means of puddle; to apply puddle to.

3. To subject to the process of puddling, as iron, so as to convert it from the condition of cast iron to that of wrought iron. Ure. Puddled steel, steel made directly from cast iron by a modification of the puddling process.

PUDDLE
Pud"dle, v. i.

Defn: To make a dirty stir. [Obs.] R. Junius.

PUDDLE-BALL
Pud"dle-ball`, n.

Defn: The lump of pasty wrought iron as taken from the puddling furnace to be hammered or rolled.

PUDDLE-BAR
Pud"dle-bar", n.

Defn: An iron bar made at a single heat from a puddle-ball hammering and rolling.

PUDDLER
Pud"dler, n.

Defn: One who converts cast iron into wrought iron by the process of puddling.

PUDDLING
Pud"dling, n.

1. (Hydraul. Engin.) (a) The process of working clay, loam, pulverized ore, etc., with water, to render it compact, or impervious to liquids; also, the process of rendering anything impervious to liquids by means of puddled material. (b) Puddle. See Puddle, n., 2.

2. (Metal.)

Defn: The art or process of converting cast iron into wrought iron or steel by subjecting it to intense heat and frequent stirring in a reverberatory furnace in the presence of oxidizing substances, by which it is freed from a portion of its carbon and other impurities. Puddling furnace, a reverberatory furnace in which cast iron is converted into wrought iron or into steel by puddling.

PUDDLY
Pud"dly, a.

Defn: Consisting of, or resembling, puddles; muddy; foul. "Thick puddly water." Carew.

PUDDOCK
Pud"dock, n. Etym: [For paddock, or parrock, a park.]

Defn: A small inclosure. [Written also purrock.] [Prov. Eng.]

PUDENCY
Pu"den*cy, n. Etym: [L. pudens, p. pr. of pudere to be ashamed.]

Defn: Modesty; shamefacedness. "A pudency so rosy." Shak.

PUDENDA Pu*den"da, n. pl. Etym: [L., from pudendus that of which one ought to be ashamed, fr. pudere to be ashamed.] (Anat.)

Defn: The external organs of generation.

PUDENDAL
Pu*den"dal, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pudenda, or pudendum.

PUDENDUM
Pu*den"dum, n. Etym: [NL. See Pudenda.] (Anat.)

Defn: The external organs of generation, especially of the female; the vulva.

PUDGY
Pudg"y, a.

Defn: Short and fat or sturdy; dumpy; podgy; as, a short, pudgy little man; a pudgy little hand. Thackeray.

PUDIC Pu"dic, a. Etym: [L.pudicus modest, fr. pudere to be ashamed: cf. F. pudique.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the external organs of generation.

PUDICAL
Pu"dic*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pudic.

PUDICITY
Pu*dic"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pudicité, L. pudicitia.]

Defn: Modesty; chastity. Howell.

PUDU
Pu"du, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A very small deer (Pudua humilis), native of the Chilian Andes.
It has simple spikelike antlers, only two or three inches long.

PUE
Pue v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pued; p. pr. & vb. n. Puing.]

Defn: To make a low whistling sound; to chirp, as birds. Halliwell.

PUEBLO
Pueb"lo, n. Etym: [Sp., a village, L. populus people. See People.]

Defn: A communistic building erected by certain Indian tribes of Arizona and New Mexico. It is often of large size and several stories high, and is usually built either of stone or adobe. The term is also applied to any Indian village in the same region. Pueblo Indians (Ethnol.), any tribe or community of Indians living in pueblos. The principal Pueblo tribes are the Moqui, the Zuñi, the Keran, and the Tewan.

PUEFELLOW
Pue"fel`low, n.

Defn: A pewfellow. [Obs.]

PUER
Pu"er, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: The dung of dogs, used as an alkaline steep in tanning.
Simmonds.

PUERCO
Pu*er"co, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: A hog. Puerco beds (Geol.), a name given to certain strata belonging to the earliest Eocene. They are developed in Northwestern New Mexico, along the Rio Puerco, and are characterized by their mammalian remains.

PUERILE Pu"er*ile, a. Etym: [L. puerilis, fr. puer a child, a boy: cf. F. puéril.]

Defn: Boyish; childish; trifling; silly.
The French have been notorious through generations for their puerile
affectation of Roman forms, models, and historic precedents. De
Quincey.

Syn.
— Youthful; boyish; juvenile; childish; trifling; weak. See
Youthful.

PUERILELY
Pu"er*ile*ly, adv.

Defn: In a puerile manner; childishly.

PUERILENESS
Pu"er*ile*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being puerile; puerility.

PUERILITY Pu`er*il"i*ty, n.; pl. Puerilities. Etym: [L. puerilitas: cf. F. puérilité.]

1. The quality of being puerile; childishness; puerileness. Sir T. Browne.

2. That which is puerile or childish; especially, an expression which is flat, insipid, or silly.

PUERPERAL Pu*er"per*al, a. Etym: [L. puerpera a lying-in woman; puer child + parere to bear: cf. F. puerpéral.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to childbirth; as, a puerperal fever.

PUERPEROUS
Pu*er"per*ous, a.

Defn: Bearing children. [R.]

PUET
Pu"et, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pewit.

PUFF Puff, n. Etym: [Akin to G. & Sw. puff a blow, Dan. puf, D. pof; of imitative origin. Cf. Buffet.]

1. A sudden and single emission of breath from the mouth; hence, any sudden or short blast of wind; a slight gust; a whiff. " To every puff of wind a slave." Flatman.

2. Anything light and filled with air. Specifically: (a) A puffball. (b) kind of light pastry. (c) A utensil of the toilet for dusting the skin or hair with powder.

3. An exaggerated or empty expression of praise, especially one in a public journal. Puff adder. (Zoöl.) (a) Any South African viper belonging to Clotho and allied genera. They are exceedingly venomous, and have the power of greatly distending their bodies when irritated. The common puff adder (Vipera, or Clotho, arietans) is the largest species, becoming over four feet long. The plumed puff adder (C. cornuta) has a plumelike appendage over each eye. (b) A North American harmless snake (Heterodon platyrrhinos) which has the power of puffing up its body. Called also hog-nose snake, flathead, spreading adder, and blowing adder. Puff bird (Zoöl.), any bird of the genus Bucco, or family Bucconidæ. They are small birds, usually with dull-colored and loose plumage, and have twelve tail feathers. See Barbet (b).

PUFF Puff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Puffing.] Etym: [Akin to G. puffen to pop, buffet, puff, D. poffen to pop, puffen to blow, Sw. puffa to push, to cuff, Dan. puffe to pop, thump. See Puff, n.]

1. To blow in puffs, or with short and sudden whiffs.

2. To blow, as an expression of scorn; — with at. It is really to defy Heaven to puff at damnation. South.

3. To breathe quick and hard, or with puffs, as after violent
exertion.
The ass comes back again, puffing and blowing, from the chase. L'
Estrange.

4. To swell with air; to be dilated or inflated. Boyle.

5. To breathe in a swelling, inflated, or pompous manner; hence, to assume importance. Then came brave Glory puffing by. Herbert.

PUFF
Puff, v. t.

1. To drive with a puff, or with puffs. The clearing north will puff the clouds away. Dryden.

2. To repel with words; to blow at contemptuously. I puff the prostitute away. Dryden.

3. To cause to swell or dilate; to inflate; to ruffle with puffs; — often with up; as a bladder puffed with air. The sea puffed up with winds. Shak.

4. To inflate with pride, flattery, self-esteem, or the like; — often with up. Puffed up with military success. Jowett (Thucyd. )

5. To praise with exaggeration; to flatter; to call public attention to by praises; to praise unduly. " Puffed with wonderful skill." Macaulay.

PUFF
Puff, a.

Defn: Puffed up; vain. [R.] Fanshawe.

PUFFBALL
Puff"ball`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of ball-shaped fungus (Lycoperdon giganteum, and other species of the same genus) full of dustlike spores when ripe; — called also bullfist, bullfice, puckfist, puff, and puffin.

PUFFER
Puff"er, n.

1. One who puffs; one who praises with noisy or extravagant commendation.

2. One who is employed by the owner or seller of goods sold at suction to bid up the price; a by-bidder. Bouvier.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) Any plectognath fish which inflates its body, as the species of Tetrodon and Diodon; — called also blower, puff-fish, swellfish, and globefish. (b) The common, or harbor, porpoise.

4. (Dyeing)

Defn: A kier.

PUFFERY
Puff"er*y, n.

Defn: The act of puffing; bestowment of extravagant commendation.

PUFFIN
Puf"fin, n. Etym: [Akin to puff.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An arctic sea bird Fratercula arctica) allied to the auks, and having a short, thick, swollen beak, whence the name; — called also bottle nose, cockandy, coulterneb, marrot, mormon, pope, and sea parrot.

Note: The name is also applied to other related species, as the horned puffin (F. corniculata), the tufted puffin (Lunda cirrhata), and the razorbill. Manx puffin, the Manx shearwater. See under Manx.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The puffball.

3. A sort of apple. [Obs.] Rider's Dict. (1640).

PUFFINESS
Puff"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being puffy.

PUFFING
Puff"ing,

Defn: a. & n. from Puff, v. i. & t. Puffing adder. (Zoöl.) Same as
Puff adder (b), under Puff.
— Puffing pig (Zoöl.), the common porpoise.

PUFFINGLY
Puff"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a puffing manner; with vehement breathing or shortness of breath; with exaggerated praise.

PUFF-LEG
Puff"-leg`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of beautiful humming birds of the genus Eriocnemis having large tufts of downy feathers on the legs.

PUFF-LEGGED
Puff"-legged`, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a conspicuous tuft of feathers on the legs.

PUFFY
Puff"y, a.

1. Swelled with air, or any soft matter; tumid with a soft substance; bloated; fleshy; as, a puffy tumor. " A very stout, puffy man." Thackeray.

2. Hence, inflated; bombastic; as, a puffy style.

PUG
Pug, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pugged; p. pr. & vb. n. Pugging.] Etym: [Cf.
G. pucken to thump. beat.]

1. To mix and stir when wet, as clay for bricks, pottery, etc.

2. To fill or stop with clay by tamping; to fill in or spread with mortar, as a floor or partition, for the purpose of deadening sound. See Pugging, 2.

PUG
Pug, n.

1. Tempered clay; clay moistened and worked so as to be plastic.

2. A pug mill. Pug mill, a kind of mill for grinding and mixing clay, either for brickmaking or the fine arts; a clay mill. It consists essentially of an upright shaft armed with projecting knives, which is caused to revolve in a hollow cylinder, tub, or vat, in which the clay is placed.

PUG
Pug, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. puck. See Puck.]

1. An elf, or a hobgoblin; also same as Puck. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. A name for a monkey. [Colloq.] Addison.