E- E- (part 8)

Defn: The act of forbearing or waiting; the exercise of patience.
He soon shall findForbearance no acquittance ere day end. Milton.

2. The quality of being forbearing; indulgence toward offenders or enemies; long-suffering. Have a continent forbearance, till the speed of his rage goeShak.

Syn.
— Abstinence; refraining; lenity; mildness.

FORBEARANT
For*bear"ant, a.

Defn: Forbearing. [R.] Carlyle.

FORBEARER
For*bear"er, n.

Defn: One who forbears. Tusser.

FORBEARING
For*bear"ing, a.

Defn: Disposed or accustomed to forbear; patient; long-suffering.
— For*bear"ing*ly, adv.

FORBID For*bid", v. t. [imp. Forbade; p. p. Forbidden (Forbid, [Obs.]); p. pr. & vb. n. Forbidding.] Etym: [OE. forbeden, AS. forbeódan; pref. for- + beódan to bid; akin to D. verbieden, G. verbieten, Icel., fyrirbjoedha, forboedha, Sw. förbjuda, Dan. forbyde. See Bid, v. t.]

1. To command against, or contrary to; to prohibit; to interdict. More than I have said . . . The leisure and enforcement of the time Forbids to dwell upon. Shak.

2. To deny, exclude from, or warn off, by express command; to command not to enter. Have I not forbid her my house Shak.

3. To oppose, hinder, or prevent, as if by an effectual command; as, an impassable river forbids the approach of the army. A blaze of glory that forbids the sight. Dryden.

4. To accurse; to blast. [Obs.] He shall live a man forbid. Shak.

5. To defy; to challenge. [Obs.] L. Andrews.

Syn. — To prohibit; interdict; hinder; preclude; withold; restrain; prevent. See Prohibit.

FORBID
For*bid", v. i.

Defn: To utter a prohibition; to prevent; to hinder. "I did not or forbid." Milton.

FORBIDDANCE
For*bid"dance, n.

Defn: The act of forbidding; prohibition; command or edict against a thing. [Obs.] ow hast thou yield to transgress The strict forbiddance. Milton.

FORBIDDEN
For*bid"den, a.

Defn: Prohibited; interdicted. I kniw no spells, use no forbidden arts. Milton. Forbidden fruit. (a) Any coveted unlawful pleasure, — so called with reference to the forbidden fruit of the Garden of Eden. (b) (Bot.) A small variety of shaddock (Citrus decumana). The name is given in different places to several varieties of Citrus fruits.

FORBIDDENLY
For*bid"den*ly, adv.

Defn: In a forbidden or unlawful manner. Shak.

FORBIDDER
For*bid"der, n.

Defn: One who forbids. Milton.

FORBIDDING
For*bid"ding, a.

Defn: Repelling approach; repulsive; raising abhorrence, aversion, or dislike; disagreeable; prohibiting or interdicting; as, a forbidding aspect; a forbidding formality; a forbidding air.

Syn.
— Disagreeable; unpleasant; displeasing; offensive; repulsive;
odious; abhorrent.
— For*bid"ding*ly, adv.
— For*bid"ding*ness, n.

FORBLACK
For*black", a.

Defn: Very black. [Obs.]
As any raven's feathers it shone forblack. Chaucer.

FORBODEN
For*bo"den, obs.

Defn: p. p. of Forbid. Chaucer.

FORBORE
For*bore",

Defn: imp. of Forbear.

FORBORNE
For*borne",

Defn: p. p. of Forbear.

FORBRUISE
For*bruise", v. t.

Defn: To bruise sorely or exceedingly. [Obs.]
All forbrosed, both back and side. Chaucer.

FORBY
For*by", adv. & prep. Etym: [See Foreby.]

Defn: Near; hard by; along; past. [Obs.]
To tell her if her child went ought forby. Chaucer.
To the intent that ships may pass along forby all the sides of the
city without let. Robynson (More's Utopia).

FORCARVE
For*carve", v. t.

Defn: To cut completely; to cut off. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORCE
Force, v. t. Etym: [See Farce to stuff.]

Defn: To stuff; to lard; to farce. [R.]
Wit larded with malice, and malice forced with wit. Shak.

FORCE
Force, n. Etym: [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. fors, foss, Dan. fos.]

Defn: A waterfall; a cascade. [Prov. Eng.]
To see the falls for force of the river Kent. T. Gray.

FORCE
Force, n. Etym: [F. force, LL. forcia, fortia, fr. L. fortis strong.
See Fort, n.]

1. Strength or energy of body or mind; active power; vigor; might; often, an unusual degree of strength or energy; capacity of exercising an influence or producing an effect; especially, power to persuade, or convince, or impose obligation; pertinency; validity; special signification; as, the force of an appeal, an argument, a contract, or a term. He was, in the full force of the words, a good man. Macaulay.

2. Power exerted against will or consent; compulsory power; violence; coercion. Which now they hold by force, and not by right. Shak.

3. Strength or power war; hence, a body of land or naval combatants, with their appurtenances, ready for action; — an armament; troops; warlike array; — often in the plural; hence, a body of men prepared for action in other ways; as, the laboring force of a plantation. Is Lucius general of the forces Shak.

4. (Law) (a) Strength or power exercised without law, or contrary to law, upon persons or things; violence. (b) Validity; efficacy. Burrill.

5. (Physics)

Defn: Any action between two bodies which changes, or tends to change, their relative condition as to rest or motion; or, more generally, which changes, or tends to change, any physical relation between them, whether mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic, or of any other kind; as, the force of gravity; cohesive force; centrifugal force. Animal force (Physiol.), muscular force or energy. — Catabiotic force Etym: [Gr. (Biol.), the influence exerted by living structures on adjoining cells, by which the latter are developed in harmony with the primary structures. — Centrifugal force, Centripetal force, Coercive force, etc. See under Centrifugal, Centripetal, etc. — Composition of forces, Correlation of forces, etc. See under Composition, Correlation, etc. — Force and arms Etym: [trans. of L. vi et armis] (Law), an expression in old indictments, signifying violence. — In force, or Of force, of unimpaired efficacy; valid; of full virtue; not suspended or reversed. "A testament is of force after men are dead." Heb. ix. 17. — Metabolic force (Physiol.), the influence which causes and controls the metabolism of the body. — No force, no matter of urgency or consequence; no account; hence, to do no force, to make no account of; not to heed. [Obs.] Chaucer. — Of force, of necessity; unavoidably; imperatively. "Good reasons must, of force, give place to better." Shak. — Plastic force (Physiol.), the force which presumably acts in the growth and repair of the tissues. — Vital force (Physiol.), that force or power which is inherent in organization; that form of energy which is the cause of the vital phenomena of the body, as distinguished from the physical forces generally known.

Syn. — Strength; vigor; might; energy; stress; vehemence; violence; compulsion; coaction; constraint; coercion. — Force, Strength. Strength looks rather to power as an inward capability or energy. Thus we speak of the strength of timber, bodily strength, mental strength, strength of emotion, etc. Force, on the other hand, looks more to the outward; as, the force of gravitation, force of circumstances, force of habit, etc. We do, indeed, speak of strength of will and force of will; but even here the former may lean toward the internal tenacity of purpose, and the latter toward the outward expression of it in action. But, though the two words do in a few cases touch thus closely on each other, there is, on the whole, a marked distinction in our use of force and strength. "Force is the name given, in mechanical science, to whatever produces, or can produce, motion." Nichol. Thy tears are of no force to mollify This flinty man. Heywood. More huge in strength than wise in works he was. Spenser. Adam and first matron Eve Had ended now their orisons, and found Strength added from above, new hope to spring Out of despair. Milton.

FORCE
Force, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forced; p. pr. & vb. n. Forcing.] Etym:
[OF. forcier, F. forcer, fr. LL. forciare, fortiare. See Force, n.]

1. To constrain to do or to forbear, by the exertion of a power not resistible; to compel by physical, moral, or intellectual means; to coerce; as, masters force slaves to labor.

2. To compel, as by strength of evidence; as, to force conviction on the mind.

3. To do violence to; to overpower, or to compel by violence to one;s will; especially, to ravish; to violate; to commit rape upon. To force their monarch and insult the court. Dryden. I should have forced thee soon wish other arms. Milton. To force a spotless virgin's chastity. Shak.

4. To obtain or win by strength; to take by violence or struggle; specifically, to capture by assault; to storm, as a fortress.

5. To impel, drive, wrest, extort, get, etc., by main strength or violence; — with a following adverb, as along, away, from, into, through, out, etc. It stuck so fast, so deeply buried lay That scarce the victor forced the steel away. Dryden. To force the tyrant from his seat by war. Sahk. Ethelbert ordered that none should be forced into religion. Fuller.

6. To put in force; to cause to be executed; to make binding; to enforce. [Obs.] What can the church force more J. Webster.

7. To exert to the utmost; to urge; hence, to strain; to urge to excessive, unnatural, or untimely action; to produce by unnatural effort; as, to force a consient or metaphor; to force a laugh; to force fruits. High on a mounting wave my head I bore, Forcing my strength, and gathering to the shore. Dryden.

8. (Whist)

Defn: To compel (an adversary or partner) to trump a trick by leading a suit of which he has none.

9. To provide with forces; to reënforce; to strengthen by soldiers; to man; to garrison. [Obs.] Shak.

10. To allow the force of; to value; to care for. [Obs.] For me, I force not argument a straw. Shak.

Syn. — To compel; constrain; oblige; necessitate; coerce; drive; press; impel.

FORCE
Force, v. i. [Obs. in all the senses.]

1. To use violence; to make violent effort; to strive; to endeavor. Forcing with gifts to win his wanton heart. Spenser.

2. To make a difficult matter of anything; to labor; to hesitate; hence, to force of, to make much account of; to regard. Your oath once broke, you force not to forswear. Shak. I force not of such fooleries. Camden.

3. To be of force, importance, or weight; to matter. It is not sufficient to have attained the name and dignity of a shepherd, not forcing how. Udall.

FORCED
Forced, a.

Defn: Done or produced with force or great labor, or by extraordinary exertion; hurried; strained; produced by unnatural effort or pressure; as, a forced style; a forced laugh. Forced draught. See under Draught. — Forced march (Mil.), a march of one or more days made with all possible speed. — For"ced*ly, adv. — For"ced*ness, n.

FORCEFUL
Force"ful, a.

Defn: Full of or processing force; exerting force; mighty.
— Force"ful*ly, adv.
Against the steed he threw His forceful spear. Dryden.

FORCELESS
Force"less, a.

Defn: Having little or no force; feeble.
These forceless flowers like sturdy trees support me. Shak.

FORCEMEAT Force"meat`, n. Etym: [Corrupt. for farce-meat, fr. F. farce stuffing. See Farce, n.] (Cookery)

Defn: Meat chopped fine and highly seasoned, either served up alone, or used as a stuffing. [Written also forced meat.]

FORCEMENT
Force"ment, n.

Defn: The act of forcing; compulsion. [Obs.] It was imposed upon us by constraint; And will you count such forcement treachery J. Webster.

FORCEPS For"ceps, n. Etym: [L. forceps, -cipis, from the root of formus Hot + capere to take; akin to E. heave. Cf. Furnace.]

1. A pair of pinchers, or tongs; an instrument for grasping, holding firmly, or exerting traction upon, bodies which it would be inconvenient or impracticable to seize with the fingers, especially one for delicate operations, as those of watchmakers, surgeons, accoucheurs, dentists, etc.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The caudal forceps-shaped appendage of earwigs and some other insects. See Earwig. Dressing forceps. See under Dressing.

FORCE PUMP Force" pump`. (Mach.) (a) A pump having a solid piston, or plunger, for drawing and forcing a liquid, as water, through the valves; in distinction from a pump having a bucket, or valved piston. (b) A pump adapted for delivering water at a considerable height above the pump, or under a considerable pressure; in distinction from one which lifts the water only to the top of the pump or delivers it through a spout. See Illust. of Plunger pump, under Plunger.

FORCER
For"cer, n.

1. One who, or that which, forces or drives.

2. (Mech.) (a) The solid piston of a force pump; the instrument by which water is forced in a pump. (b) A small hand pump for sinking pits, draining cellars, etc.

FORCIBLE For"ci*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. forcible forcible, forceable that may be forced.]

1. Possessing force; characterized by force, efficiency, or energy;
powerful; efficacious; impressive; influential.
How forcible are right words! Job. vi. 2
Sweet smells are most forcible in dry substances, when broken. Bacon.
But I have reasons strong and forcible. Shak.
That punishment which hath been sometimes forcible to bridle sin.
Hooker.
He is at once elegant and sublime, forcible and ornamented. Lowth
(Transl. )

2. Violent; impetuous. Like mingled streams, more forcible when joined. Prior.

3. Using force against opposition or resistance; obtained by compulsion; effected by force; as, forcible entry or abduction. In embraces of King James . . . forcible and unjust. Swift. Forcible entry and detainer (Law), the entering upon and taking and withholding of land and tenements by actual force and violence, and with a strong hand, to the hindrance of the person having the right to enter.

Syn. — Violent; powerful; strong; energetic; mighty; potent; weighty; impressive; cogent; influential.

FORCIBLE-FEEBLE
For"ci*ble-fee`ble, a. Etym: [From Feeble, a character in the Second
Part of Shakespeare's "King Henry IV.," to whom Falstaff derisively
applies the epithet "forcible."]

Defn: Seemingly vigorous, but really weak or insipid. He [Prof. Ayton] would purge his book of much offensive matter, if he struck out epithets which are in the bad taste of the forcible-feeble school. N. Brit. Review.

FORCIBLENESS
For"ci*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being forcible.

FORCIBLY
For"ci*bly, adv.

Defn: In a forcible manner.

FORCING
For"cing, n.

1. The accomplishing of any purpose violently, precipitately, prematurely, or with unusual expedition.

2. (Gardening)

Defn: The art of raising plants, flowers, and fruits at an earlier season than the natural one, as in a hitbed or by the use of artificial heat. Forcing bed or pit, a plant bed having an under layer of fermenting manure, the fermentation yielding bottom heat for forcing plants; a hotbed. — Forcing engine, a fire engine. — Forcing fit (Mech.), a tight fit, as of one part into a hole in another part, which makes it necessary to use considerable force in putting the two parts together. — Forcing house, a greenhouse for the forcing of plants, fruit trees, etc. — Forcing machine, a powerful press for putting together or separating two parts that are fitted tightly one into another, as for forcing a crank on a shaft, or for drawing off a car wheel from the axle. — Forcing pump. See Force pump (b).

FORCIPAL
For"ci*pal, a.

Defn: Forked or branched like a pair of forceps; constructed so as to open and shut like a pair of forceps. Sir T. Browne.

FORCIPATE; FORCIPATED
For"ci*pate, For"ci*pa`ted, a.

Defn: Like a pair of forceps; as, a forcipated mouth.

FORCIPATION
For`ci*pa"tion, n.

Defn: Torture by pinching with forceps or pinchers. Bacon.

FORCITE
For"cite, n. [From 3d Force, n.] (Chem.)

Defn: A gelatin dynamite in which the dope is composed largely of sodium nitrate.

FORCUT
For*cut", v. t.

Defn: To cut completely; to cut off. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORD Ford, n. Etym: [AS. ford; akin to G. furt, Icel. f bay, and to E. fare. Fare, v. i., and cf. Frith arm of the sea.]

1. A place in a river, or other water, where it may passed by man or beast on foot, by wading. He swam the Esk river where ford there was none. Sir W. Scott.

2. A stream; a current. With water of the ford Or of the clouds. Spenser. Permit my ghost to pass the Stygford. Dryden.

FORD
Ford, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forded; p. pr. & vb. n. Fording.]

Defn: To pass or cross, as a river or other water, by wading; to wade
through.
His last section, which is no deep one, remains only to be forted.
Milton.

FORDABLE
Ford"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being forded.
— Ford"a*ble*ness, n.

FORDLESS
Ford"less, a.

Defn: Without a ford.
A deep and fordless river. Mallock.

FORDO
For*do", v. t. Etym: [OE. fordon, AS. ford; pref. for- + d to do. See
For-, and Do, v. i.]

1. To destroy; to undo; to ruin. [Obs.] This is the night That either makes me or fordoes me quite. Shak.

2. To overcome with fatigue; to exhaust. M. Arnold. All with weary task fordone. Shak.

FORDONE
For*done", a. Etym: [See Fordo.]

Defn: Undone; ruined. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORDRIVE
For*drive", v. t.

Defn: To drive about; to drive here and there. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

FORDRUNKEN
For*drunk"en, a.

Defn: Utterly drunk; very drunk. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORDRY
For*dry", a.

Defn: Entirely dry; withered. [Obs.] "A tree fordry." Chaucer.

FORDWINE
For*dwine", v. i.

Defn: To dwindle away; to disappear. [Obs.] Rom of R.

FORE
Fore, n. Etym: [AS. f, fr. faran to go. See Fare, v. i.]

Defn: Journey; way; method of proceeding. [Obs.] "Follow him and his fore." Chaucer.

FORE
Fore, adv. Etym: [AS. fore, adv. & prep., another form of for. See
For, and cf. Former, Foremost.]

1. In the part that precedes or goes first; — opposed to aft, after, back, behind, etc.

2. Formerly; previously; afore. [Obs. or Colloq.] The eyes, fore duteous, now converted are. Shak.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: In or towards the bows of a ship. Fore and aft (Naut.), from stem to stern; lengthwise of the vessel; — in distinction from athwart. R. H. Dana, Jr. — Fore-and-aft rigged (Naut.), not rigged with square sails attached to yards, but with sails bent to gaffs or set on stays in the midship line of the vessel. See Schooner, Sloop, Cutter.

FORE
Fore, a. Etym: [See Fore, advv.]

Defn: Advanced, as compared with something else; toward the front; being or coming first, in time, place, order, or importance; preceding; anterior; antecedent; earlier; forward; — opposed to Ant: back or Ant: behind; as, the fore part of a garment; the fore part of the day; the fore and of a wagon. The free will of the subject is preserved, while it is directed by the fore purpose of the state. Southey.

Note: Fore is much used adjectively or in composition. Fore bay, a reservoir or canal between a mill race and a water wheel; the discharging end of a pond or mill race. — Fore body (Shipbuilding), the part of a ship forward of the largest cross-section, distinguisched from middle body abd after body. — Fore boot, a receptacle in the front of a vehicle, for stowing baggage, etc. — Fore bow, the pommel of a saddle. Knight. — Fore cabin, a cabin in the fore part of a ship, usually with inferior accommodations. — Fore carriage. (a) The forward part of the running gear of a four-wheeled vehicle. (b) A small carriage at the front end of a plow beam. — Fore course (Naut.), the lowermost sail on the foremost of a square-rigged vessel; the foresail. See Illust. under Sail. — Fore door. Same as Front door. — Fore edge, the front edge of a book or folded sheet, etc. — Fore elder, an ancestor. [Prov. Eng.] — Fore end. (a) The end which precedes; the earlier, or the nearer, part; the beginning. I have . . . paid More pious debts to heaven, than in all The fore end of my time. Shak. (b) In firearms, the wooden stock under the barrel, forward of the trigger guard, or breech frame. — Fore girth, a girth for the fore part (of a horse, etc.); a martingale. — Fore hammer, a sledge hammer, working alternately, or in time, with the hand hammer. — Fore leg, one of the front legs of a quadruped, or multiped, or of a chair, settee, etc. — Fore peak (Naut.), the angle within a ship's bows; the portion of the hold which is farthest forward. — Fore piece, a front piece, as the flap in the fore part of a sidesaddle, to guard the rider's dress. — Fore plane, a carpenter's plane, in size and use between a jack plane and a smoothing plane. Knight. — Fore reading, previous perusal. [Obs.] Hales. — Fore rent, in Scotland, rent payable before a crop is gathered. — Fore sheets (Naut.), the forward portion of a rowboat; the space beyond the front thwart. See Stern sheets. — Fore shore. (a) A bank in advance of a sea wall, to break the force of the surf. (b) The seaward projecting, slightly inclined portion of a breakwater. Knight. (c) The part of the shore between high and low water marks. — Fore sight, that one of the two sights of a gun which is near the muzzle. — Fore tackle (Naut.), the tackle on the foremast of a ship. — Fore topmast. (Naut.) See Fore-topmast, in the Vocabulary. — Fore wind, a favorable wind. [Obs.] Sailed on smooth seas, by fore winds borne. Sandys. — Fore world, the antediluvian world. [R.] Southey.

FORE
Fore, n.

Defn: The front; hence, that which is in front; the future. At the fore (Naut.), at the fore royal masthead; — said of a flag, so raised as a signal for sailing, etc. — To the fore. (a) In advance; to the front; to a prominent position; in plain sight; in readiness for use. (b) In existence; alive; not worn out, lost, or spent, as money, etc. [Irish] "While I am to the fore." W. Collins. "How many captains in the regiment had two thousand pounds to the fore" Thackeray.

FORE
Fore, prep.

Defn: Before; — sometimes written 'fore as if a contraction of afore or before. [Obs.]

FOREADMONISH
Fore`ad*mon"ish, v. t.

Defn: To admonish beforehand, or before the act or event. Bp. Hall.

FOREADVISE
Fore`ad*vise", v. t.

Defn: To advise or counsel before the time of action, or before the event. Shak.

FOREALLEGE
Fore`al*lege", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forealleged; p. pr. & vb. n.
Forealleging.]

Defn: To allege or cite before. Fotherby.

FOREAPPOINT
Fore`ap*point", v. t.

Defn: To set, order, or appoint, beforehand. Sherwood.

FOREAPPOINTMENT
Fore`ap*point"ment, n.

Defn: Previous appointment; preordinantion. Sherwood.

FOREARM
Fore*arm", v. t.

Defn: To arm or prepare for attack or resistance before the time of need. South.

FOREARM
Fore"arm`, n. (Anat.)

Defn: That part of the arm or fore limb between the elbow and wrist; the antibrachium.

FOREBEAM
Fore"beam`, n.

Defn: The breast beam of a loom.

FOREBEAR
Fore*bear", n.

Defn: An ancestor. See Forbear.

FOREBODE
Fore*bode", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foreboded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Foreboding.] Etym: [AS. forebodian; fore + bodian to announce. See
Bode v. t.]

1. To foretell.

2. To be prescient of (some ill or misfortune); to have an inward conviction of, as of a calamity which is about to happen; to augur despondingly. His heart forebodes a mystery. Tennyson. Sullen, desponding, and foreboding nothing but wars and desolation, as the certain consequence of Cæsar's death. Middleton. I have a sort of foreboding about him. H. James.

Syn. — To foretell; predict; prognosticate; augur; presage; portend; betoken.

FOREBODE
Fore*bode", v. i.

Defn: To fortell; to presage; to augur.
If I forebode aright. Hawthorne.

FOREBODE
Fore*bode", n.

Defn: Prognostication; presage. [Obs.]

FOREBODEMENT
Fore*bode"ment, n.

Defn: The act of foreboding; the thing foreboded.

FOREBODER
Fore*bod"er, n.

Defn: One who forebodes.

FOREBODING
Fore*bod"ing, n.

Defn: Presage of coming ill; expectation of misfortune.

FOREBODINGLY
Fore*bod"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a foreboding manner.

FOREBRACE
Fore"brace`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A rope applied to the fore yardarm, to change the position of the foresail.

FOREBRAIN
Fore"brain`, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The anterior of the three principal divisions of the brain, including the prosencephalon and thalamencephalon. Sometimes restricted to the prosencephalon only. See Brain.

FOREBY
Fore*by", prep. Etym: [Fore + by.]

Defn: Near; hard by; along; past. See Forby. Spenser.

FORECAST
Fore*cast", v. t.

1. To plan beforehand; to scheme; to project. He shall forecast his devices against the strongholds. Dan. xi. 24.

2. To foresee; to calculate beforehand, so as to provide for. It is wisdom to consider the end of things before we embark, and to forecast consequences. L'Estrange.

FORECAST
Fore*cast", v. i.

Defn: To contrive or plan beforehand.
If it happen as I did forecast. Milton.

FORECAST
Fore"cast, n.

Defn: Previous contrivance or determination; predetermination. He makes this difference to arise from the forecast and predetermination of the gods themselves. Addison.

2. Foresight of consequences, and provision against them; prevision; premeditation. His calm, deliberate forecast better fitted him for the council than the camp. Prescott.

FORECASTER
Fore*cast"er, n.

Defn: One who forecast. Johnson.

FORECASTLE Fore"cas`tle (; sailors say , n. (Naut.) (a) A short upper deck forward, formerly raised like a castle, to command an enemy's decks. (b) That part of the upper deck of a vessel forward of the foremast, or of the after part of the fore channels. (c) In merchant vessels, the forward part of the vessel, under the deck, where the sailors live.

FORECHOSEN
Fore`cho"sen, a.

Defn: Chosen beforehand.

FORECITED
Fore"cit`ed, a.

Defn: Cited or quoted before or above. Arbuthnot.

FORECLOSE Fore*close", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foreclosed; p. pr. & vb. n. Foreclosing.] Etym: [F. forclos, p.p. of forclore to exclude; OF. fors, F. hors, except, outside (fr. L. foris outside) + F. clore to close. See Foreign, and Close, v. t.]

Defn: To shut up or out; to preclude; to stop; to prevent; to bar; to exclude. The embargo with Spain foreclosed this trade. Carew. To foreclose a mortgager (Law), to cut him off by a judgment of court from the power of redeeming the mortgaged premises, termed his equity of redemption. — To foreclose a mortgage, (not technically correct, but often used to signify) the obtaining a judgment for the payment of an overdue mortgage, and the exposure of the mortgaged property to sale to meet the mortgage debt. Wharton.

FORECLOSURE
Fore*clo"sure, n.

Defn: The act or process of foreclosing; a proceeding which bars or extinguishes a mortgager's right of redeeming a mortgaged estate.

FORECONCEIVE
Fore`con*ceive", v. t.

Defn: To preconceive; to imagine beforehand. [Obs.] Bacon.

FOREDATE
Fore*date", v. t.

Defn: To date before the true time; to antendate.

FOREDECK
Fore"deck`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: The fore part of a deck, or of a ship.

FOREDEEM
Fore*deem", v. t.

Defn: To recognize or judge in advance; to forebode. [Obs.] Udall.
Laugh at your misery, as foredeeming you An idle meteor. J. Webster.

FOREDEEM
Fore*deem", v. i. Etym: [Cf. Foredoom.]

Defn: To know or discover beforehand; to foretell. [Obs.] Which [maid] could guess and foredeem of things past, present, and to come. Genevan Test.

FOREDESIGN
Fore`de*sign" ( or ), v. t.

Defn: To plan beforehand; to intend previously. Cheyne.

FOREDETERMINE
Fore`de*ter"mine, v. t.

Defn: To determine or decree beforehand. Bp. Hopkins.

FOREDISPOSE
Fore`dis*pose", v. t.

Defn: To bestow beforehand. [R.]
King James had by promise foredisposed the place on the Bishop of
Meath. Fuller.

FOREDOOM
Fore*doom", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Foredeem.]

Defn: To doom beforehand; to predestinate.
Thou art foredomed to view the Stygian state. Dryden.

FOREDOOM
Fore"doom`, n.

Defn: Doom or sentence decreed in advance. "A dread foredoom ringing in the ears of the guilty adult." Southey.

FOREFATHER
Fore"fa`ther, n.

Defn: One who precedes another in the line of genealogy in any degree, but usually in a remote degree; an ancestor. Respecting your forefathers, you would have been taught to respect yourselves. Burke. Forefathers' Day, the anniversary of the day (December 21) on which the Pilgrim Fathers landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts (1620). On account of a mistake in reckoning the change from Old Style to New Style, it has generally been celebrated on the 22d.

FOREFEEL
Fore*feel", v. t.

Defn: To feel beforehand; to have a presentiment of. [Obs.]
As when, with unwieldy waves, the great sea forefeels winds. Chapman.

FOREFENCE
Fore`fence", n.

Defn: Defense in front. [Obs.]

FOREFEND
Fore*fend", v. t. Etym: [OE. forfenden; pref. for- + fenden to fend.
See Fend, v. t.]

Defn: To hinder; to fend off; to avert; to prevent the approach of;
to forbid or prohibit. See Forfend.
God forefend it should ever be recorded in our history. Landor.
It would be a far better work . . . to forefend the cruelty. I.
Taylor.

FOREFINGER
Fore"fin`ger, n.

Defn: The finger next to the thumb; the index.

FOREFLOW
Fore*flow", v. t.

Defn: To flow before. [Obs.]

FOREFOOT
Fore"foot`, n.

1. One of the anterior feet of a quardruped or multiped; — usually written fore foot.

2. (Shipbuilding)

Defn: A piece of timber which terminates the keel at the fore end, connecting it with the lower end of the stem.

FOREFRONT
Fore"front`, n.

Defn: Foremost part or place.
Set ye Uriah in the forefront of the hottest battle. 2 Sam. xi. 15.
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, standing in the forefront for all time,
the masters of those who know. J. C. Shairp.

FOREGAME
Fore"game`, n.

Defn: A first game; first plan. [Obs.] Whitlock.

FOREGANGER
Fore"gang`er, n. Etym: [Prop., a goer before cf. G. voregänger. See
Fore, and Gang.] (Naut.)

Defn: A short rope grafted on a harpoon, to which a longer lin
Totten.

FOREGATHER
Fore*gath"er, v. i.

Defn: Same as Forgather.

FOREGIFT
Fore"gift`, n. (Law)

Defn: A premium paid by

FOREGLEAM
Fore"gleam`, n.

Defn: An antecedent or premonitory gleam; a dawning light.
The foregleams of wisdom. Whittier.

FOREGO
Fore*go", v. t. [imp. Forewent 2; p. p. Foregone; p. pr. & vb. n.
Foregoing.] Etym: [See Forgo.]

1. To quit; to relinquish; to leave. Stay at the third cup, or forego the place. Herbert.

2. To relinquish the enjoyment or advantage of; to give up; to resign; to renounce; — said of a thing already enjoyed, or of one within reach, or anticipated. All my patrimony,, If need be, I am ready to forego. Milton. Thy lovers must their promised heaven forego. Keble. [He] never forewent an opportunity of honest profit. R. L. Stevenson.

Note: Forgo is the better spelling etymologically, but the word has been confused with Forego, to go before.

FOREGO Fore*go", v. t. Etym: [AS. foregan; fore + gan to go; akin to G. vorgehen to go before, precede. See GO, v. i.]

Defn: To go before; to precede; — used especially in the present and
past participles.
Pleasing remembrance of a thought foregone. Wordsworth.
For which the very mother's face forewent The mother's special
patience. Mrs. Browning.
Foregone conclusion, one which has preceded argument or examination;
one predetermined.

FOREGOER
Fore*go"er, n.

1. One who goes before another; a predecessor; hence, an ancestor' a progenitor.

2. A purveyor of the king; — so called, formerly, from going before to provide for his household. [Obs.]

FOREGOER
Fore*go"er, n. Etym: [Etymologically forgoer.]

Defn: One who forbears to enjoy.

FOREGROUND
Fore"ground`, n.

Defn: On a painting, and sometimes in a bas-relief, mosaic picture, or the like, that part of the scene represented, which is nearest to the spectator, and therefore occupies the lowest part of the work of art itself. Cf. Distance, n., 6.

FOREGUESS
Fore*guess", v. t.

Defn: To conjecture. [Obs.]

FOREGUT
Fore"gut`, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The anterior part of the alimentary canal, from the mouth to the intestine, o

FOREHAND
Fore"hand`, n.

1. All that part of a horse which is before the rider. Johnson.

2. The chief or most important part. Shak.

3. Superiority; advantage; start; precedence. And, but for ceremony, such a wretch . . . Had the forehand and vantage of a king. Shak.

FOREHAND
Fore"hand`, a.

Defn: Done beforehand; anticipative.
And so extenuate the forehand sin. Shak.

FOREHANDED
Fore"hand`ed, a.

1. Early; timely; seasonable. "Forehanded care." Jer. Taylor.

2. Beforehand with one's needs, or having resources in advance of one's necessities; in easy circumstances; as, a forehanded farmer. [U.S.]

3. Formed in the forehand or fore parts. A substantial, true-bred beast, bravely forehanded. Dryden.

FOREHEAD
Fore"head, n.

1. The front of that part of the head which incloses the brain; that part of the face above the eyes; the brow.

2. The aspect or countenance; assurance. To look with forehead bold and big enough Upon the power and puissance of the king. Shak.

3. The front or fore part of anything. Flames in the forehead of the morning sky. Milton. So rich advantage of a promised glory As smiles upon the forehead of this action. Shak.

FOREHEAR
Fore*hear", v. i. & t.

Defn: To hear beforehand.

FOREHEARTH
Fore"hearth`, n. (Metal.)

Defn: The forward extension of the hearth of a blast furnace under the tymp.

FOREHEND
Fore*hend", v. t.

Defn: See Forhend. [Obs.]

FOREHEW
Fore*hew", v. t.

Defn: To hew or cut in front. [Obs.] Sackville.

FOREHOLD
Fore"hold`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: The forward part of the hold of a ship.

FOREHOLDING
Fore*hold"ing, n.

Defn: Ominous foreboding; superstitious prognostication. [Obs.]
L'Estrange.

FOREHOOK
Fore"hook`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A piece of timber placed across the stem, to unite the bows and strengthen the fore part of the ship; a breast hook.

FOREIGN
For"eign, a. Etym: [OE. forein, F. forain, LL. foraneus, fr. L.
foras, foris, out of doors, abroad, without; akin to fores doors, and
E. door. See Door, and cf. Foreclose, Forfeit, Forest, Forum.]

1. Outside; extraneous; separated; alien; as, a foreign country; a foreign government. "Foreign worlds." Milton.

2. Not native or belonging to a certain country; born in or belonging to another country, nation, sovereignty, or locality; as, a foreign language; foreign fruits. "Domestic and foreign writers." Atterbury. Hail, foreign wonder! Whom certain these rough shades did never breed. Milton.

3. Remote; distant; strange; not belonging; not connected; not pertaining or pertient; not appropriate; not harmonious; not agreeable; not congenial; — with to or from; as, foreign to the purpose; foreign to one's nature. This design is not foreign from some people's thoughts. Swift.

4. Held at a distance; excluded; exiled. [Obs.] Kept him a foreign man still; which so grieved him, That he ran mad and died. Shak. Foreign attachment (Law), a process by which the property of a foreign or absent debtor is attached for the satisfaction of a debt due from him to the plaintiff; an attachment of the goods, effects, or credits of a debtor in the hands of a third person; — called in some States trustee, in others factorizing, and in others garnishee process. Kent. Tomlins. Cowell. — Foreign bill, a bill drawn in one country, and payable in another, as distinguished from an inland bill, which is one drawn and payable in the same country. In this latter, as well as in several other points of view, the different States of the United States are foreign to each other. See Exchange, n., 4. Kent. Story. — Foreign body (Med.), a substance occurring in any part of the body where it does not belong, and usually introduced from without. — Foreign office, that department of the government of Great Britain which has charge British interests in foreign countries.

Syn. — Outlandish; alien; exotic; remote; distant; extraneous; extrinsic.

FOREIGNER
For"eign*er, n.

Defn: A person belonging to or owning allegiance to a foreign country; one not native in the country or jurisdiction under consideration, or not naturalized there; an alien; a stranger. Joy is such a foreigner, So mere a stranger to my thoughts. Denham. Nor could the majesty of the English crown appear in a greater luster, either to foreigners or subjects. Swift.

FOREIGNISM
For"eign*ism, n.

Defn: Anything peculiar to a foreign language or people; a foreign
idiom or custom.
It is a pity to see the technicalities of the so-called liberal
professions distigured by foreignisms. Fitzed. Hall.

FOREIGNNESS
For"eign*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being foreign; remoteness; want of relation or
appropriateness.
Let not the foreignness of the subject hinder you from endeavoring to
set me right. Locke.
A foreignness of complexion. G. Eliot.

FOREIN
For"ein, a.

Defn: Foreign. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FOREJUDGE
Fore*judge", v. t. Etym: [Fore + judge.]

Defn: To judge beforehand, or before hearing the facts and proof; to prejudge.

FOREJUDGE Fore*judge", v. t. Etym: [For forjudge, fr. F. forjuger; OF. fors outside, except + F. juger to judge.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: To expel from court for some offense or misconduct, as an attorney or officer; to deprive or put out of a thing by the judgment of a court. Burrill.

FOREJUDGER
Fore*judg"er, n. (Eng. Law)

Defn: A judgment by which one is deprived or put of a right or thing in question.

FOREJUDGMENT
Fore*judg"ment, n.

Defn: Prejudgment. [Obs.] Spenser.

FOREKNOW
Fore*know", v. t. [imp. Foreknew; p. p. Foreknown; p. pr. & vb. n.
Foreknowing.]

Defn: To have previous knowledge of; to know beforehand.
Who would the miseries of man foreknow Dryden.

FOREKNOWABLE
Fore*know"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be foreknown. Dr. H. More.

FOREKNOWER
Fore*know"er, n.

Defn: One who foreknows.

FOREKNOWINGLY
Fore*know"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With foreknowledge.
He who . . . foreknowingly loses his life. Jer. Taylor.

FOREKNOWLEDGE
Fore*knowl"edge, n.

Defn: Knowledge of a thing before it happens, or of whatever is to
happen; prescience.
If I foreknew, Foreknowledge had no influence on their fault. Milton.

FOREL For"el, n. Etym: [OE. forelcase, sheath, OF. forel, fourel, F. fourreau, LL. forellus, fr. OF. forre, fuerre, sheath, case, of German origin; cf. OHG. fuotar, akin to Goth. fodr; prob. not the same word as E. fodder food. Cf. Fur, Fodder food.]

Defn: A kind of parchment for book covers. See Forrill.

FOREL
For"el, v. t.

Defn: To bind with a forel. [R.] Fuller.

FORELAND
Fore"land`, n.

1. A promontory or cape; a headland; as, the North and South Foreland in Kent, England.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: A piece of ground between the wall of a place and the moat.
Farrow.

3. (Hydraul. Engin.)

Defn: That portion of the natural shore on the outside of the embankment which receives the stock of waves and deadens their force. Knight.

FORELAY
Fore*lay", v. t.

1. To lay down beforehand. These grounds being forelaid and understood. Mede.

2. To waylay. See Forlay. [Obs.]

FORELEADER
Fore*lead"er, n.

Defn: One who leads others by his example; aguide.

FORELEND
Fore*lend", v. t.

Defn: See Forlend. [Obs.]
As if that life to losse they had forelent. Spenser.

FORELET
Fore*let", v. t.

Defn: See Forlet. [Obs.] Holland.

FORELIE
Fore*lie", v. i.

Defn: To lie in front of. [Obs.]
Which forelay Athwart her snowy breast. Spenser.

FORELIFT
Fore*lift", v. t.

Defn: To lift up in front. [Obs.]

FORELOCK
Fore"lock`, n.

1. The lock of hair that grows from the forepart of the head.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: A cotter or split pin, as in a slot in a bolt, to prevent retraction; a linchpin; a pin fastening the cap-square of a gun. Forelock bolt, a bolt retained by a key, gib, or cotter passing through a slot. — Forelock hook (Rope Making), a winch or whirl by which a bunch of three yarns is twisted into a standard. Knight. — To take time, or occasion, by the forelock, to make prompt use of anything; not to let slip an opportunity. Time is painted with a lock before and bald behind, signifying thereby that we must take time by the forelock; for when it is once past, there is no recalling it. Swift. On occasion's forelock watchful wait. Milton.

FORELOOK
Fore*look", v. i.

Defn: To look beforehand or forward. [Obs.] Spenser.

FOREMAN
Fore"man, n.; pl. Foremen (.

Defn: The first or chief man; as: (a) The chief man of a jury, who acts as their speaker. (b) The chief of a set of hands employed in a shop, or on works of any kind, who superintends the rest; an overseer.

FOREMAST
Fore"mast`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: The mast nearest the bow. Foremast hand or man (Naut.), a common sailor; also, a man stationed to attend to the gear of the foremast.

FOREMEANT
Fore*meant", a.

Defn: Intended beforehand; premeditated. [Obs.] Spenser.

FOREMENTIONED
Fore"men`tioned, a.

Defn: Mentioned before; already cited; aforementioned. Addison.

FOREMILK
Fore"milk`, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The milk secreted just before, or directly after, the birth of a child or of the young of an animal; colostrum.

FOREMOST Fore"most`, a. Etym: [OE. formest first, AS. formest, fyrmest, superl. of forma first, which is a superl. fr. fore fore; cf. Goth. frumist, fruma, first. See Fore, adv., and cf. First, Former, Frame, v. t., Prime, a.]

Defn: First in time or place; most advanced; chief in rank or dignity; as, the foremost troops of an army. THat struck the foremost man of all this world. Shak.

FOREMOSTLY
Fore"most`ly, adv.

Defn: In the foremost place or order; among the foremost. J. Webster.

FOREMOTHER
Fore"moth`er, n.

Defn: A female ancestor.

FORENAME
Fore"name`, n.

Defn: A name that precedes the family name or surname; a first name.
Selden.

FORENAME
Fore"name`, v. t.

Defn: To name or mention before. Shak.

FORENAMED
Fore"named`, a.

Defn: Named before; aforenamed.

FORENDIHAZ
Fö"ren*di*ház`, n. [Hung., lit., House of Lords.] (Hungary)

Defn: See Legislature.

FORENENST
Fore*nenst", prep. Etym: [See Fore, and Anent.]

Defn: Over against; opposite to. [Now dialectic]
The land forenenst the Greekish shore. Fairfax.

FORE-NIGHT
Fore"-night`, n.

Defn: The evening between twilight and bedtime. [Scot.]

FORENOON
Fore"noon", n.

Defn: The early part of the day, from morning to meridian, or noon.

FORENOTICE
Fore"no`tice, n.

Defn: Notice or information of an event before it happens; forewarning. [R.] Rymer.

FORENSAL
Fo*ren"sal, a.

Defn: Forensic. [R.]

FORENSIC Fo*ren"sic, a. Etym: [L. forensis, fr. forum a public place, market place. See Forum.]

Defn: Belonging to courts of judicature or to public discussion and debate; used in legal proceedings, or in public discussions; argumentative; rhetorical; as, forensic eloquence or disputes. Forensic medicine, medical jurisprudence; medicine in its relations to law.

FORENSIC
Fo*ren"sic, n. (Amer. Colleges)

Defn: An exercise in debate; a forensic contest; an argumentative thesis.

FORENSICAL
Fo*ren"sic*al, a.

Defn: Forensic. Berkley.

FOREORDAIN
Fore`or*dain", v. t.

Defn: To ordain or appoint beforehand; to preordain; to predestinate; to predetermine. Hooker.

FOREORDINATE
Fore*or"di*nate, v. t.

Defn: To foreordain.

FOREORDINATION
Fore*or`di*na"tion, n.

Defn: Previous ordination or appointment; predetermination; predestination.

FORE PART; FOREPART
Fore" part`, or; Fore"part`, n.

Defn: The part most advanced, or first in time or in place; the beginning.

FOREPAST
Fore"past`, a.

Defn: Bygone. [Obs.] Shak.

FOREPOSSESSED
Fore`pos*sessed", a.

1. Holding or held formerly in possession. [Obs.]

2. Preoccupied; prepossessed; preëngaged. [Obs.] Not extremely forepossessed with prejudice. Bp. Sanderson.

FOREPRIZE
Fore*prize", v. t.

Defn: To prize or rate beforehand. [Obs.] Hooker.

FOREPROMISED
Fore`prom"ised, a.

Defn: Promised beforehand; preëngaged. Bp. Hall.

FOREQUOTED
Fore"quot`ed, a.

Defn: Cited before; quoted in a foregoing part of the treatise or essay.

FORERAN
Fore*ran",

Defn: imp. of Forerun.

FORERANK
Fore"rank`, n.

Defn: The first rank; the front.

FOREREACH
Fore*reach", v. t. (Naut.)

Defn: To advance or gain upon; — said of a vessel that gains upon another when sailing closehauled.

FOREREACH
Fore*reach", v. i. (Naut.)

Defn: To shoot ahead, especially when going in stays. R. H. Dana, Jr.

FOREREAD
Fore*read", v. t.

Defn: To tell beforehand; to signify by tokens; to predestine. [Obs.]
Spenser.

FORERECITED
Fore`re*cit"ed, a.

Defn: Named or recited before. "The forerecited practices." Shak.

FOREREMEMBERED
Fore`re*mem"bered, a.

Defn: Called to mind previously. Bp. Montagu.

FORERIGHT
Fore"right`, a.

Defn: Ready; directly forward; going before. [Obs.] "A foreright wind." Chapman.

FORERIGHT
Fore"right`, adv.

Defn: Right forward; onward. [Obs.]

FORERUN
Fore*run", v. t.

1. To turn before; to precede; to be in advance of (something following).

2. To come before as an earnest of something to follow; to introduce as a harbinger; to announce. These signs forerun the death or fall of kings. Shak.

FORERUNNER
Fore*run"ner, n.

1. A messenger sent before to give notice of the approach of others; a harbinger; a sign foreshowing something; a prognostic; as, the forerunner of a fever. Whither the forerunner in for us entered, even Jesus. Heb. vi. 20. My elder brothers, my forerunners, came. Dryden.

2. A predecessor; an ancestor. [Obs.] Shak.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: A piece of rag terminating the log line.

FORESAID
Fore"said`, a.

Defn: Mentioned before; aforesaid.

FORESAIL Fore"sail`, n. (Naut.) (a) The sail bent to the foreyard of a square-rigged vessel, being the lowest sail on the foremast. (b) The gaff sail set on the foremast of a schooner. (c) The fore staysail of a sloop, being the triangular sail next forward of the mast.

FORESAY
Fore*say", v. t. Etym: [AS. foresecgan; fore + secgan to say. See
Say, v. t.]

Defn: To foretell. [Obs.]
Her danger nigh that sudden change foresaid. Fairfax.

FORESEE Fore*see", v. t. Etym: [AS. foreseón; fore + seón to see. See See, v. t.]

1. To see beforehand; to have prescience of; to foreknow. A prudent man foreseeth the evil. Prov. xxii. 3.

2. To provide. [Obs.] Great shoals of people, which go on to populate, without foreseeing means of life. Bacon.

FORESEE
Fore*see", v. i.

Defn: To have or exercise foresight. [Obs.]

FORESEEN
Fore*seen", conj.

Defn: , or (strictly) p. p. Provided; in case that; on condition that. [Obs.] One manner of meat is most sure to every complexion, foreseen that it be alway most commonly in conformity of qualities, with the person that eateth. Sir T. Elyot.

FORESEER
Fore*se"er, n.

Defn: One who foresees or foreknows.

FORESEIZE
Fore*seize", v. t.

Defn: To seize beforehand.

FORESHADOW
Fore*shad"ow, v. t.

Defn: To shadow or typi Dryden.

FORESHEW
Fore*shew", v. t.

Defn: See Foreshow.

FORESHIP
Fore"ship`, n.

Defn: The fore part of a ship. [Obs.]

FORESHORTEN
Fore*short"en, v. t.

1. (Fine Art)

Defn: To represent on a plane surface, as if extended in a direction toward the spectator or nearly so; to shorten by drawing in perspective.

2. Fig.: To represent pictorially to the imagination. Songs, and deeds, and lives that lie Foreshortened in the tract of time. Tennyson.

FORESHORTENING
Fore*short"en*ing, n. (Fine Arts)

Defn: Representation in a foreshortened mode or way.

FORESHOT
Fore"shot`, n.

Defn: In distillation of low wines, the first portion of spirit that comes over, being a fluid abounding in fusel oil. Knight.

FORESHOW Fore*show", v. t. Etym: [AS. foresceáwian to foresee, provide; fore + sceáwian to see. See Show, v. t.]

Defn: To show or exhibit beforehand; to give foreknowledge of; to prognosticate; to foretell. Your looks foreshow You have a gentle heart. Shak. Next, like Aurora, Spenser rose, Whose purple blush the day foreshows. Denham.

FORESHOWER
Fore*show"er, n.

Defn: One who predicts.

FORESIDE
Fore"side, n.

1. The front side; the front; esp., a stretch of country fronting the sea.

2. The outside or external covering. Spenser.

FORESIGHT
Fore"sight`, n.

1. The act or the power of foreseeing; prescience; foreknowledge. Milton.

2. Action in reference to the future; provident care; prudence; wise
forethought.
This seems an unseasonable foresight. Milton.
A random expense, without plan or foresight. Burke.

3. (Surv.)

Defn: Any sight or reading of the leveling staff, except the backsight; any sight or bearing taken by a compass or theodolite in a forward direction.

4. (Gun.)

Defn: Muzzle sight. See Fore sight, under Fore, a.

FORESIGHTED
Fore"sight`ed, a.

Defn: Sagacious; prudent; provident for the future. Bartram.

FORESIGHTFUL
Fore"sight`ful, a.

Defn: Foresighted. [Obs.]

FORESIGNIFY
Fore*sig"ni*fy, v. t.

Defn: To signify beforehand; to foreshow; to typify. Milton.

FORESKIN
Fore"skin, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The fold of skin which covers the glans of the penis; the prepuce.

FORESKIRT
Fore"skirt`, n.

Defn: The front skirt of a garment, in distinction from the train.
Honor's train Is longer than his foreskirt. Shak.

FORESLACK
Fore*slack", v. t. [Obs.]

Defn: See Forslack.

FORESLEEVE
Fore"sleeve`, n.

Defn: The sleeve below the elbow.

FORESLOW
Fore*slow", v. t. Etym: [See Forslow.]

Defn: To make slow; to hinder; to obstruct. [Obs.] See Forslow, v. t.
No stream, no wood, no mountain could foreslow Their hasty pace.
Fairfax.

FORESLOW
Fore*slow", v. i.

Defn: To loiter. [Obs.] See Forslow, v. i.

FORESPEAK
Fore*speak", v. t. [Obs.]

Defn: See Forspeak.

FORESPEAK
Fore*speak", v. t.

Defn: To foretell; to predict. [Obs.] My mother was half a witch; never anything that she forespake but came to pass. Beau. & Fl.

FORESPEAKING
Fore"speak`ing, n.

Defn: A prediction; also, a preface. [Obs.] Camden. Huloet.

FORESPEECH
Fore"speech`, n.

Defn: A preface. [Obs.] Sherwood.

FORESPENT
Fore*spent", a. Etym: [Fore + spent.]

Defn: Already spent; gone by; past. [Obs.] Shak.

FORESPENT
Fore*spent", a. [Obs.]

Defn: See Forspent.

FORESPURRER
Fore*spur"rer, n.

Defn: One who rides before; a harbinger. [Obs.] Shak.

FOREST For"est, n. Etym: [OF. forest, F. forêt, LL. forestis, also, forestus, forestum, foresta, prop., open ground reserved for the chase, fr. L. foris, foras, out of doors, abroad. See Foreign.]

1. An extensive wood; a large tract of land covered with trees; in the United States, a wood of native growth, or a tract of woodland which has never been cultivated.

2. (Eng. Law)

Defn: A large extent or precinct of country, generally waste and woody, belonging to the sovereign, set apart for the keeping of game for his use, not inclosed, but distinguished by certain limits, and protected by certain laws, courts, and officers of its own. Burrill.

FOREST
For"est, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a forest; sylvan. Forest fly. (Zoöl.) (a)
One of numerous species of blood-sucking flies, of the family
Tabanidæ, which attack both men and beasts. See Horse fly. (b) A fly
of the genus Hippobosca, esp. H. equina. See Horse tick.
— Forest glade, a grassy space in a forest. Thomson.
— Forest laws, laws for the protection of game, preservation of
timber, etc., in forests.
— Forest tree, a tree of the forest, especially a timber tree, as
distinguished from a fruit tree.

FOREST
For"est, v. t.

Defn: To cover with trees or wood.

FORESTAFF
Fore"staff`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: An instrument formerly used at sea for taking the altitudes of heavenly bodies, now superseded by the sextant; — called also cross- staff. Brande & C.

FORESTAGE For"est*age, n. Etym: [Cf. F. forestage.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) A duty or tribute payable to the king's foresters. (b) A service paid by foresters to the king.

FORESTAL
For"est*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to forests; as, forestal rights.

FORESTALL Fore*stall", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forestalled; p. pr. & vb. n. Forestalling.] Etym: [OE. forstallen to stop, to obstruct; to stop (goods) on the way to the market by buying them beforehand, from forstal obstruction, AS. forsteal, foresteall, prop., a placing one's self before another. See Fore, and Stall.]

1. To take beforehand, or in advance; to anticipate. What need a man forestall his date of grief, And run to meet what he would most avoid Milton.

2. To take possession of, in advance of some one or something else, to the exclusion or detriment of the latter; to get ahead of; to preoccupy; also, to exclude, hinder, or prevent, by prior occupation, or by measures taken in advance.

An ugly serpent which forestalled their way. Fairfax.
But evermore those damsels did forestall Their furious encounter.
Spenser.
To be forestalled ere we come to fall. Shak.
Habit is a forestalled and obstinate judge. Rush.

3. To deprive; — with of. [R.] All the better; may This night forestall him of the coming day! Shak.

4. (Eng. Law)

Defn: To obstruct or stop up, as a way; to stop the passage of on highway; to intercept on the road, as goods on the way to market. To forestall the market, to buy or contract for merchandise or provision on its way to market, with the intention of selling it again at a higher price; to dissuade persons from bringing their goods or provisions there; or to persuade them to enhance the price when there. This was an offense at law in England until 1844. Burrill.

Syn.
— To anticipate; monopolize; engross.

FORESTALLER
Fore*stall"er, n.

Defn: One who forestalls; esp., one who forestalls the market. Locke.

FORESTAY
Fore"stay`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A large, strong rope, reaching from the foremast head to the bowsprit, to support the mast. See Illust. under Ship.

FORESTER
For"est*er, n. Etym: [F. forestier, LL. forestarius.]

1. One who has charge of the growing timber on an estate; an officer appointed to watch a forest and preserve the game.

2. An inhabitant of a forest. Wordsworth.

3. A forest tree. [R.] Evelyn.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A lepidopterous insect belonging to Alypia and allied genera; as, the eight-spotted forester (A. octomaculata), which in the larval state is injurious to the grapevine.

FORESTICK
Fore"stick`, n.

Defn: Front stick of a hearth fire.

FORESTRY
For"est*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. foresterie.]

Defn: The art of forming or of cultivating forests; the management of growing timber.

FORESWART; FORESWART
Fore"swart`, Fore"swart`, a. [Obs.]

Defn: See Forswat.

FORETASTE
Fore"taste`, n.

Defn: A taste beforehand; enjoyment in advance; anticipation.

FORETASTE
Fore*taste", v. t.

1. To taste before full possession; to have previous enjoyment or experience of; to anticipate.

2. To taste before another. "Foretasted fruit." Milton.

FORETASTER
Fore"tast`er ( or ), n.

Defn: One who tastes beforehand, or before another.

FORETEACH
Fore*teach", v. t.

Defn: To teach beforehand. [Obs.]

FORETELL
Fore*tell", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foretold; p. pr. & vb. n.
Foretelling.]

Defn: To predict; to tell before occurence; to prophesy; to foreshow.
Deeds then undone my faithful tongue foretold. Pope.
Prodigies, foretelling the future eminence and luster of his
character. C. Middleton.

Syn.
— To predict; prophesy; prognosticate; augur.

FORETELL
Fore*tell", v. i.

Defn: To utter predictions. Acts iii. 24.

FORETELLER
Fore*tell"er, n.

Defn: One who predicts. Boyle.

FORETHINK
Fore*think", v. t.

1. To think beforehand; to anticipate in the mind; to prognosticate. [Obs.] The soul of every man Prophetically doth forethink thy fall. Shak.

2. To contrive (something) beforehend. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

FORETHINK
Fore*think", v. i.

Defn: To contrive beforehand. [Obs.]

FORETHOUGHT
Fore"thought`, a.

Defn: Thought of, or planned, beforehand; aforethought; prepense; hence, deliberate. "Forethought malice." Bacon.

FORETHOUGHT
Fore"thought`, n.

Defn: A thinking or planning beforehand; prescience; premeditation;
forecast; provident care.
A sphere that will demand from him forethought, courage, and wisdom.
I. Taylor.

FORETHOUGHTFUL
Fore"thought`ful, a.

Defn: Having forethought. [R.]

FORETIME
Fore"time`, n.

Defn: The past; the time before the present. "A very dim foretime."
J. C. Shairp.

FORETOKEN
Fore"to`ken, n. Etym: [AS. foretacen. See Token.]

Defn: Prognostic; previous omen. Sir P. Sidney.

FORETOKEN
Fore*to"ken, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foretokened; p. pr. & vb. n.
Foretokening.] Etym: [AS. foretacnian; fore + tacnian.]

Defn: To foreshow; to presignify; to prognosticate.
Whilst strange prodigious signs foretoken blood. Daniel.

FORE TOOTH
Fore" tooth`, pl. Fore teeth (. (Anat.)

Defn: One of the teeth in the forepart of the mouth; an incisor.

FORETOP
Fore"top`, n.

1. The hair on the forepart of the head; esp., a tuft or lock of hair which hangs over the forehead, as of a horse.

2. That part of a headdress that is in front; the top of a periwig.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: The platform at the head of the foremast.

FORE-TOPGALLANT
Fore`-top*gal"lant ( or ), a. (Naut.)

Defn: Designating the mast, sail, yard, etc., above the topmast; as, the fore-topgallant sail. See Sail.

FORE-TOPMAST
Fore`-top"mast, n. (Naut.)

Defn: The mast erected at the head of the foremast, and at the head of which stands the fore-topgallant mast. See Ship.

FORE-TOPSAIL
Fore`-top"sail ( or ), n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Sail.

FOREVER
For*ev"er, adv. Etym: [For, prep. + ever.]

1. Through eternity; through endless ages, eternally.

2. At all times; always.

Note: In England, for and ever are usually written and printed as two separate words; but, in the United States, the general practice is to make but a single word of them. Forever and ever, an emphatic "forever."

Syn. — Constantly; continually; invariably; unchangeably; incessantly; always; perpetually; unceasingly; ceaselessly; interminably; everlastingly; endlessly; eternally.

FOREVOUCHED
Fore*vouched", a.

Defn: Formerly vouched or avowed; affirmed in advance. [R.] Shak.

FOREWARD
Fore"ward`, n.

Defn: The van; the front. [Obs.] My foreward shall be drawn out all in length, Consisting equally of horse and foot. Shak.

FOREWARN
Fore*warn", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forewarned; p. pr. & vb. n.
Forewarning.]

Defn: To warn beforehand; to give previous warning, admonition, information, or notice to; to caution in advance. We were forewarned of your coming. Shak.

FOREWASTE
Fore*waste", v. t.

Defn: See Forewaste. Gascoigne.

FOREWEND
Fore*wend", v. t. Etym: [Fore + wend.]

Defn: To go before. [Obs.] Spenser.

FOREWISH
Fore*wish", v. t.

Defn: To wish beforehand.

FOREWIT
Fore"wit`, n.

1. A leader, or would-be leader, in matters of knowledge or taste. [Obs.] Nor that the forewits, that would draw the rest unto their liking, always like the best. B. Jonson.

2. Foresight; prudence. Let this forewit guide thy thought. Southwell.

FOREWITE
Fore*wite", v. t. [pres. indic. sing., 1st & 3d pers. Forewot, 2d
person Forewost (, pl. Forewiten (; imp. sing. Forewiste, pl.
Forewisten (; p. pr. & vb. n. Forewiting.] Etym: [AS. forewitan. See
Wit to know.]

Defn: To foreknow. [Obs.] [Written also forwete.] Chaucer.

FOREWOMAN
Fore"wom`an, n.; pl. Forewomen (.

Defn: A woman who is chief; a woman who has charge of the work or workers in a shop or other place; a head woman. Tatler. W. Besant.

FOREWORD
Fore"word`, n.

Defn: A preface. Furnvall.

FOREWORN
Fore*worn", a. Etym: [See Forworn.]

Defn: Worn out; wasted; used up. [Archaic]
Old foreworn stories almost forgotten. Brydges.

FOREWOT
Fore*wot", pres. indic.

Defn: , 1st & 3d pers. sing. of Forewite. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FOREYARD
Fore"yard`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: The lowermost yard on the foremast.

Note: [See Illust. of Ship.]

FORFALTURE
For"fal*ture, n.

Defn: Forfeiture. [Obs.]

FORFEIT For"feit, n. Etym: [OE. forfet crime, penalty, F. forfait crime (LL. forefactum, forifactum), prop. p.p. of forfaire to forfeit, transgress, fr. LL. forifacere, prop., to act beyond; L. foris out of doors, abroad, beyond + facere to do. See Foreign, and FAct.]

1. Injury; wrong; mischief. [Obs. & R.] To seek arms upon people and country that never did us any forfeit. Ld. Berners.

2. A thing forfeit or forfeited; what is or may be taken from one in requital of a misdeed committed; that which is lost, or the right to which is alienated, by a crime, offense, neglect of duty, or breach of contract; hence, a fine; a mulct; a penalty; as, he who murders pays the forfeit of his life. Thy slanders I forgive; and therewithal Remit thy other forfeits. Shak.

3. Something deposited and redeemable by a sportive fine; — whence the game of forfeits. Country dances and forfeits shortened the rest of the day. Goldsmith.

FORFEIT
For"feit, a. Etym: [F. forfait, p.p. of forfaire. See Forfeit, n.]

Defn: Lost or alienated for an offense or crime; liable to penal
seizure.
Thy wealth being forfeit to the state. Shak.
To tread the forfeit paradise. Emerson.

FORFEIT
For"feit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forfeited; p. pr. & vb. n. Forfeiting.]
Etym: [OE. forfeten. See Forfeit, n.]

Defn: To lose, or lose the right to, by some error, fault, offense, or crime; to render one's self by misdeed liable to be deprived of; to alienate the right to possess, by some neglect or crime; as, to forfeit an estate by treason; to forfeit reputation by a breach of promise; — with to before the one acquiring what is forfeited. [They] had forfeited their property by their crimes. Burke. Undone and forfeited to cares forever! Shak.

FORFEIT
For"feit, v. i.

1. To be guilty of a misdeed; to be criminal; to transgress. [Obs.]

2. To fail to keep an obligation. [Obs.] I will have the heart of him if he forfeit. Shak.

FORFEIT
For"feit, p. p. or a.

Defn: In the condition of being forfeited; subject to alienation.
Shak.
Once more I will renew His lapsèd powers, though forfeite. Milton.

FORFEITABLE
For"feit*a*ble, a.

Defn: Liable to be forfeited; subject to forfeiture. For the future, uses shall be subject to the statutes of mortmain, and forfeitable, like the lands themselves. Blackstone.

FORFEITER
For"feit*er, n.

Defn: One who incurs a penalty of forfeiture.

FORFEITURE
For"fei*ture, n. Etym: [F. forfeiture, LL. forisfactura.]

1. The act of forfeiting; the loss of some right, privilege, estate, honor, office, or effects, by an offense, crime, breach of condition, or other act. Under pain of foreiture of the said goods. Hakluyt.

2. That which is forfeited; a penalty; a fine or mulct. What should I gain By the exaction of the forfeiture Shak.

Syn.
— Fine; mulct; amercement; penalty.

FORFEND
For*fend", v. t. Etym: [Pref. for- + fend. See Forewend.]

Defn: To prohibit; to forbid; to avert. [Archaic]
Which peril heaven forefend! Shak.

Note: This is etymologically the preferable spelling.

FORFERED
For*fer"ed, p. p. & a. Etym: [See For-, and Fear.]

Defn: Excessively alarmed; in great fear. [Obs.] "Forfered of his death." Chaucer.

FORFETE
For"fete, v. i. Etym: [See Forfeit.]

Defn: To incur a penalty; to transgress. [Obs.]
And all this suffered our Lord Jesus Christ that never forfeted.
Chaucer.

FORFEX
For"fex, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A pair of shears. Pope.

FORFICATE
For"fi*cate, a. Etym: [L. forfex, forficis, shears.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Deeply forked, as the tail of certain birds.

FORFICULA For*fic"u*la, n. Etym: [L., small shears, scissors, dim. of forfex shears.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of insects including the earwigs. See Earwig, 1.

FORGATHER
For*gath"er, v. i.

Defn: To convene; to gossip; to meet accidentally. [Scot.] Jamieson.
Within that circle he forgathered with many a fool. Wilson.

FORGAVE
For*gave",

Defn: imp. of Forgive.

FORGE Forge, n. Etym: [F. forge, fr. L. fabrica the workshop of an artisan who works in hard materials, fr. faber artisan, smith, as adj., skillful, ingenious; cf. Gr. Fabric.]

1. A place or establishment where iron or other metals are wrought by heating and hammering; especially, a furnace, or a shop with its furnace, etc., where iron is heated and wrought; a smithy. In the quick forge and working house of thought. Shak.

2. The works where wrought iron is produced directly from the ore, or where iron is rendered malleable by puddling and shingling; a shingling mill.

3. The act of beating or working iron or steel; the manufacture of metalic bodies. [Obs.] In the greater bodies the forge was easy. Bacon. American forge, a forge for the direct production of wrought iron, differing from the old Catalan forge mainly in using finely crushed ore and working continuously. Raymond. — Catalan forge. (Metal.) See under Catalan. — Forge cinder, the dross or slag form a forge or bloomary. — Forge rolls, Forge train, the train of rolls by which a bloom is converted into puddle bars. — Forge wagon (Mil.), a wagon fitted up for transporting a blackmith's forge and tools. — Portable forge, a light and compact blacksmith's forge, with bellows, etc., that may be moved from place to place.

FORGE
Forge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forged; p. pr. & vb. n. Forging.] Etym:
[F. forger, OF. forgier, fr. L. fabricare, fabricari, to form, frame,
fashion, from fabrica. See Forge, n., and cf. Fabricate.]

1. To form by heating and hammering; to beat into any particular shape, as a metal. Mars's armor forged for proof eterne. Shak.

2. To form or shape out in any way; to produce; to frame; to invent. Those names that the schools forged, and put into the mouth of scholars, could never get admittance into common use. Locke. Do forge a life-long trouble for ourselves. Tennyson.

3. To coin. [Obs.] Chaucer.

4. To make falsely; to produce, as that which is untrue or not genuine; to fabricate; to counterfeit, as, a signature, or a signed document. That paltry story is untrue, And forged to cheat such gulls as you. Hudibras. Forged certificates of his . . . moral character. Macaulay.

Syn.
— To fabricate; counterfeit; feign; falsify.

FORGE Forge, v. i. Etym: [See Forge, v. t., and for sense 2, cf. Forge compel.]

1. To commit forgery.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: To move heavily and slowly, as a ship after the sails are furled; to work one's way, as one ship in outsailing another; — used especially in the phrase to forge ahead. Totten. And off she [a ship] forged without a shock. De Quincey.

FORGE
Forge, v. t. (Naut.)

Defn: To impel forward slowly; as, to forge a ship forward.

FORGEMAN
Forge"man, n.; pl. Forgemen (.

Defn: A skilled smith, who has a hammerer to assist him.

FORGER For"ger, n.Etym: [Cf. F. forgeur metal worker, L. fabricator artificer. See Forge, n. & v. t., and cf. Fabricator.]

Defn: One who forges, makes, of forms; a fabricator; a falsifier.

2. Especially: One guilty of forgery; one who makes or issues a counterfeit document.

FORGERY
For"ger*y, n.; pl. Forgeries. Etym: [Cf. F. forgerie.]

1. The act of forging metal into shape. [Obs.] Useless the forgery Of brazen shield and spear. Milton.

2. The act of forging, fabricating, or producing falsely; esp., the crime of fraudulently making or altering a writing or signature purporting to be made by another; the false making or material alteration of or addition to a written instrument for the purpose of deceit and fraud; as, the forgery of a bond. Bouvier.

3. That which is forged, fabricated, falsely devised, or counterfeited. These are the forgeries of jealously. Shak. The writings going under the name of Aristobulus were a forgery of the second century. Waterland.

Syn. — Counterfeit; Forgery. Counterfeit is chiefly used of imitations of coin, or of paper money, or of securities depending upon pictorial devices and engraved designs for identity or assurance of genuineness. Forgery is more properly applied to making a false imitation of an instrument depending on signatures to show genuineness and validity. Abbott.

FORGET
For*get", v. t. [imp. Forgot (Forgat (, Obs.); p. p. Forgotten,
Forgot; p. pr. & vb. n. Forgetting.] Etym: [OE. forgeten, foryeten,
AS. forgietan, forgitan; pref. for- + gietan, gitan (only in comp.),
to get; cf. D. vergeten, G. vergessen, Sw. förgäta, Dan. forgiette.
See For-, and Get, v. t.]

1. To lose the remembrance of; to let go from the memory; to cease to have in mind; not to think of; also, to lose the power of; to cease from doing. Bless the Lord, O my soul, and forget not all his benefits. Ps. ciii. 2. Let y right hand forget her cunning. Ps. cxxxvii. 5. Hath thy knee forget to bow Shak.

2. To treat with inattention or disregard; to slight; to neglect. Can a woman forget her sucking child . . . Yes, they may forget, yet will I not forget thee. Is. xlix. 15. To forget one's self. (a) To become unmindful of one's own personality; to be lost in thought. (b) To be entirely unselfish. (c) To be guilty of what is unworthy of one; to lose one's dignity, temper, or self-control.

FORGETFUL
For*get"ful, a.

1. Apt to forget; easily losing remembrance; as, a forgetful man should use helps to strengthen his memory.

2. Heedless; careless; neglectful; inattentive. Be not forgetful to entertain strangers. Heb. xiii. 2.

3. Causing to forget; inducing oblivion; oblivious. [Archaic or Poetic] "The forgetful wine." J. Webster.

FORGETFULLY
For*get"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: In a forgetful manner.

FORGETFULNESS
For*get"ful*ness, n.

1. The quality of being forgetful; prononess to let slip from the mind.

2. Loss of remembrance or recollection; a ceasing to remember; oblivion. A sweet forgetfulness of human care. Pope.

3. Failure to bear in mind; careless omission; inattention; as, forgetfulness of duty.

Syn. — Forgetfulnes, Oblivion. Forgetfulness is Anglo-Saxon, and oblivion is Latin. The former commonly has reference to persons, and marks a state of mind, and marks a state of mind; the latter commonly has reference to things, and indicates a condition into which they are sunk. We blame a man for his forgetfulness; we speak of some old custom as buried in oblivion. But this discrimination is not strictly adhered to.

FORGETIVE
For"ge*tive, a. Etym: [From Forge.]

Defn: Inventive; productive; capable. [Obs.] Shak.

FORGET-ME-NOT
For*get"-me-not`, n. Etym: [Cf. G. vergissmeinnicht.] (Bot.)

Defn: A small herb, of the genus Myosotis (M. palustris, incespitosa, etc.), bearing a beautiful blue flower, and extensively considered the emblem of fidelity.

Note: Formerly the name was given to the Ajuga Chamæpitus.

FORGETTABLE
For*get"ta*ble, a.

Defn: Liable to be, or that may be, forgotten. Carlyle.

FORGETTER
For*get"ter, n.

Defn: One who forgets; a heedless person. Johnson.

FORGETTINGLY
For*get"ting*ly, adv.

Defn: By forgetting.

FORGING
For"ging, n.

1. The act of shaping metal by hammering or pressing.

2. The act of counterfeiting.

3. (Mach.)

Defn: A piece of forged work in metal; — a general name for a piece
of hammered iron or steel.
There are very few yards in the world at which such forgings could be
turned out. London Times.

FORGIVABLE
For*giv"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being forgiven; pardonable; venial. Sherwood.

FORGIVE For*give", v. t. [imp. Forgave; p. p. Forgiven; p. pr. & vb. n. Forgiving] Etym: [OE. forgiven, foryiven, foryeven, AS. forgiefan, forgifan; perh. for- + giefan, gifan to give; cf. D. vergeven, G. vergeben, Icel. fyrirgefa, Sw. f, Goth. fragiban to give, grant. See For-, and Give, v. t.]

1. To give wholly; to make over without reservation; to resign. To them that list the world's gay shows I leave, And to great ones such folly do forgive. Spenser.

2. To give up resentment or claim to requital on account of (an offense or wrong); to remit the penalty of; to pardon; — said in reference to the act forgiven. And their sins should be forgiven them. Mark iv. 12. He forgive injures so readily that he might be said to invite them. Macaulay.

3. To cease to feel resentment against, on account of wrong committed; to give up claim to requital from or retribution upon (an offender); to absolve; to pardon; — said of the person offending. Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. Luke xxiii. 34. I as free forgive you, as I would be fforgiven. Shak.

Note: Sometimes both the person and the offense follow as objects of the verb, sometimes one and sometimes the other being the indirect object. "Forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors." Matt. vi. 12. "Be of good cheer; thy sins be forgiven thee." Matt. ix. 2.

Syn.
— See excuse.

FORGIVENESS
For*give"ness, n. Etym: [AS. forgifnes.]

1. The act of forgiving; the state of being forgiven; as, the forgiveness of sin or of injuries. To the Lord our God belong mercies and forgivenesses. Dan. ix. 9. In whom we have . . . the forgiveness of sin. Eph. i. 7.

2. Disposition to pardon; willingness to forgive. If thou, Lord, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall stand But there is forgiveness with thee, that thou mayest be feared. Ps. cxxx. 3, 4.

FORGIVER
For*giv"er, n.

Defn: One who forgives. Johnson.

FORGIVING
For*giv"ing, a.

Defn: Disposed to forgive; inclined to overlook offenses; mild;
merciful; compassionate; placable; as, a forgiving temper.
— For*giv"ing*ly, adv.
— For*giv"ing*ness, n. J. C. Shairp.

FORGO For*go", v. t. [imp. Forwent; p. p. Forgone; p. pr. & vb. n. Forgoing.] Etym: [OE. forgan, forgon, forgoon, AS. forgan, prop., to go past, hence, to abstain from; pref. for- + gan to go; akin to G. vergehen to pass away, to transgress. See Go, v. i.]

Defn: To pass by; to leave. See 1st Forego.
For sith [since] I shall forgoon my liberty At your request. Chaucer.
And four [days] since Florimell the court forwent. Spenser.

Note: This word in spelling has been confused with, and almost superseded by, forego to go before. Etymologically the form forgo is correct.

FORGOT
For*got",

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Forget.

FORGOTTEN
For*got"ten,

Defn: p. p. of Forget.

FORHALL
For*hall", v. t. Etym: [Pref. for- + hale to draw.]

Defn: To harass; to torment; to distress. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORHEND
For*hend", v. t.

Defn: To seize upon. [Obs.]

FORINSECAL
Fo*rin"se*cal, a. Etym: [L. forinsecus from without.]

Defn: Foreign; alien. [Obs.] Bp. Burnet.

FORISFAMILIATE Fo`ris*fa*mil"i*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forisfamiliated; p. pr. & vb. n. Forisfamiliating.] Etym: [LL. forisfamiliatus, p.p. of forisfamiliater to forisfamiliate; L. foris abroad, without + familia family.] (LAw)

Defn: Literally, to put out of a family; hence, to portion off, so as to exclude further claim of inheritance; to emancipate (as a with his own consent) from paternal authority. Blackstone.

FORISFAMILIATE
Fo`ris*fa*mil"i*ate, v. i. (Law)

Defn: To renounce a legal title to a further share of paternal inheritance.

FORISFAMILIATION
Fo`ris*fa*mil`i*a"tion, n. (Law)

Defn: The act of forisfamiliating.

FORK
Fork, n. Etym: [AS. forc, fr. L. furca. Cf. Fourch, Furcate.]

1. An instrument consisting consisting of a handle with a shank terminating in two or more prongs or tines, which are usually of metal, parallel and slightly curved; — used from piercing, holding, taking up, or pitching anything.

2. Anything furcate or like of a fork in shape, or furcate at the extremity; as, a tuning fork.

3. One of the parts into which anything is furcated or divided; a prong; a branch of a stream, a road, etc.; a barbed point, as of an arrow. Let it fall . . . though the fork invade The region of my heart. Shak. A thunderbolt with three forks. Addison.

4. The place where a division or a union occurs; the angle or opening between two branches or limbs; as, the fork of a river, a tree, or a road.

5. The gibbet. [Obs.] Bp. Butler. Fork beam (Shipbuilding), a half beam to support a deck, where hatchways occur. — Fork chuck (Wood Turning), a lathe center having two prongs for driving the work. — Fork head. (a) The barbed head of an arrow. (b) The forked end of a rod which forms part of a knuckle joint. — In fork. (Mining) A mine is said to be in fork, or an engine to "have the water in fork," when all the water is drawn out of the mine. Ure. — The forks of a river or a road, the branches into which it divides, or which come together to form it; the place where separation or union takes place.

FORK
Fork, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Forked; p. pr. & vb. n. Forking.]

1. To shoot into blades, as corn. The corn beginneth to fork. Mortimer. 1

2. To divide into two or more branches; as, a road, a tree, or a stream forks.

FORK
Fork, v. t.

Defn: To raise, or pitch with a fork, as hay; to dig or turn over
with a fork, as the soil.
Forking the sheaves on the high-laden cart. Prof. Wilson.
To fork over or out, to hand or pay over, as money. [Slang] G. Eliot.

FORKBEARD Fork"beard`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) A European fish (Raniceps raninus), having a large flat head; — also called tadpole fish, and lesser forked beard. (b) The European forked hake or hake's-dame (Phycis blennoides); — also called great forked beard.

FORKED
Forked, a.

1. Formed into a forklike shape; having a fork; dividing into two or more prongs or branches; furcated; bifurcated; zigzag; as, the forked lighting. A serpent seen, with forked tongue. Shak.

2. Having a double meaning; ambiguous; equivocal. Cross forked (Her.), a cross, the ends of whose arms are divided into two sharp points; — called also cross double fitché. A cross forked of three points is a cross, each of whose arms terminates in three sharp points. — Forked counsel, advice pointing more than one way; ambiguous advice. [Obs.] B. Jonson. — Fork"ed*ly, adv. — Fork"ed*ness, n.

FORKERVE
For*kerve, v. t. [Obs.]

Defn: See Forcarve, v. t.

FORKINESS
Fork"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state or dividing in a forklike manner.

FORKLESS
Fork"less, a.

Defn: Having no fork.

FORKTAIL Fork"tail`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) One of several Asiatic and East Indian passerine birds, belonging to Enucurus, and allied genera. The tail is deeply forking. (b) A salmon in its fourth year's growth. [Prov. Eng.]

FORK-TAILED
Fork"-tailed`, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the outer tail feathers longer than the median ones; swallow-tailed; — said of many birds. Fork-tailed flycatcher (Zoöl.), a tropical American flycatcher (Milvulus tyrannus). — Fork-tailed gull (Zoöl.), a gull of the genus Xema, of two species, esp. X. Sabinii of the Arctic Ocean. — Fork-tailed kite (Zoöl.), a graceful American kite (Elanoides forficatus); — called also swallow-tailed kite.

FORKY
Fork"y, a.

Defn: Opening into two or more parts or shoots; forked; furcated.
"Forky tongues." Pope.

FORLAFT
For*laft", obs.

Defn: p. p. of Forleave. Chaucer.

FORLAY
For*lay", v. t. Etym: [Pref. for- + lay.]

Defn: To lie in wait for; to ambush.
An ambushed thief forlays a traveler. Dryden.

FORLEAVE
For*leave", v. t. Etym: [OE. forleven; pref. for- + leven to leave.]

Defn: To leave off wholly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORLEND
For*lend", v. t.

Defn: To give up wholly. [Obs.]

FORLESE
For*lese", v. t. [p. p. Forlore, Forlorn (.] Etym: [OE. forlesen. See
Forlorn.]

Defn: To lose utterly. [Obs.] haucer.

FORLET For*let", v. t. Etym: [OE. forleten, AS. forl; pref. for- + l to allow; akin to G. verlassen to leave. See Let to allow.]

Defn: To give up; to leave; to abandon. [Obs.] "To forlet sin."
Chaucer.

FORLIE
For*lie", v. i.

Defn: See Forlie.

FORLORE
For*lore", imp. pl. & p. p.

Defn: oForlese. [Obs.]
The beasts their caves, the birds their neforlore. Fairfax.

FORLORN For*lorn", a. Etym: [OE., p.p. of forlesen to lose utterly, AS. forleósan (p.p. forloren); pref. for- + leósan (in comp.) to lose; cf. D. verliezen to lose, G. verlieren, Sw. förlora, Dan. forloren, Goth. fraliusan to lose. See For-, and Lorn, a., Lose, v. t.]

1. Deserted abandoned; lost. Of fortune and of hope at once forlorn. Spenser. Some say that ravens foster forlorn children. Shak.

2. Destitute; helpless; in pitiful plight; wretched; miserable; almost hopeless; desperate. For here forlorn and lost I tread. Goldsmith. The condition of the besieged in the mean time was forlorn in the extreme. Prescott. She cherished the forlorn hope that he was still living. Thomson. A forlorn hope Etym: [D. verloren hoop, prop., a lost band or troop; verloren, p.p. of verliezen to lose + hoop band; akin to E. heap. See For-, and Heap.] (Mil.), a body of men (called in F. enfants perdus, in G. verloren posten) selected, usually from volunteers, to attempt a breach, scale the wall of a fortress, or perform other extraordinarily perilous service; also, a desperate case or enterprise.

Syn. — Destitute, lost; abandoned; forsaken; solitary; helpless; friendless; hopeless; abject; wretched; miserable; pitiable.

FORLORN
For*lorn", n.

1. A lost, forsaken, or solitary person. Forced to live in Scotland a forlorn. Shak.

2. A forlorn hope; a vanguard. [Obs.] Our forlorn of horse marched within a mile of the enemy. Oliver Cromvell.

FORLORNLY
For*lorn"ly, adv.

Defn: In a forlorn manner. Pollok.

FORLORNNESS
For*lorn"ness, n.

Defn: State of being forlorn. Boyle.

FORLYE
For*lye", v. i.

Defn: Same as Forlie. [Obs.]

FORM form (. Etym: [See Form, n.]

Defn: A suffix used to denote in the form or shape of, resembling, etc.; as, valiform; oviform.

FORM
Form (form; in senses 8 & 9, often form in England), n. Etym: [OE. &
F. forme, fr. L. forma; cf. Skr. dhariman. Cf. Firm.]

1. The shape and structure of anything, as distinguished from the material of which it is composed; particular disposition or arrangement of matter, giving it individuality or distinctive character; configuration; figure; external appearance. The form of his visage was changed. Dan. iii. 19. And woven close close, both matter, form, and style. Milton.

2. Constitution; mode of construction, organization, etc.; system; as, a republican form of government.

3. Established method of expression or practice; fixed way of proceeding; conventional or stated scheme; formula; as, a form of prayer. Those whom form of laws Condemned to die. Dryden.

4. Show without substance; empty, outside appearance; vain, trivial, or conventional ceremony; conventionality; formality; as, a matter of mere form. Though well we may not pass upon his life Without the form of justice. Shak.

5. Orderly arrangement; shapeliness; also, comeliness; elegance;
beauty.
The earth was without form and void. Gen. i. 2.
He hath no form nor comeliness. Is. liii. 2.

6. A shape; an image; a phantom.

7. That by which shape is given or determined; mold; pattern; model.

8. A long seat; a bench; hence, a rank of students in a school; a class; also, a class or rank in society. "Ladies of a high form." Bp. Burnet.

9. The seat or bed of a hare. As in a form sitteth a weary hare. Chaucer.

10. (Print.)

Defn: The type or other matter from which an impression is to be taken, arranged and secured in a chase.

11. (Fine Arts)

Defn: The boundary line of a material object. In painting, more generally, the human body.

12. (Gram.)

Defn: The particular shape or structure of a word or part of speech; as, participial forms; verbal forms.

13. (Crystallog.)

Defn: The combination of planes included under a general crystallographic symbol. It is not necessarily a closed solid.

14. (Metaph.)

Defn: That assemblage or disposition of qualities which makes a conception, or that internal constitution which makes an existing thing to be what it is; — called essential or substantial form, and contradistinguished from matter; hence, active or formative nature; law of being or activity; subjectively viewed, an idea; objectively, a law.

15. Mode of acting or manifestation to the senses, or the intellect; as, water assumes the form of ice or snow. In modern usage, the elements of a conception furnished by the mind's own activity, as contrasted with its object or condition, which is called the matter; subjectively, a mode of apprehension or belief conceived as dependent on the constitution of the mind; objectively, universal and necessary accompaniments or elements of every object known or thought of.

16. (Biol.)

Defn: The peculiar characteristics of an organism as a type of others; also, the structure of the parts of an animal or plant.

Good form or Bad form, the general appearance, condition or action, originally of horses, atterwards of persons; as, the members of a boat crew are said to be in good form when they pull together uniformly. The phrases are further used colloquially in description of conduct or manners in society; as, it is not good form to smoke in the presence of a lady.

FORM Form, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Formed; p. pr. & vb. n. Forming.] Etym: [F. former, L. formare, fr. forma. See Form, n.]

1. To give form or shape to; to frame; to construct; to make; to
fashion.
God formed man of the dust of the ground. Gen. ii. 7.
The thought that labors in my forming brain. Rowe.

2. To give a particular shape to; to shape, mold, or fashion into a certain state or condition; to arrange; to adjust; also, to model by instruction and discipline; to mold by influence, etc.; to train. 'T is education forms the common mind. Pope. Thus formed for speed, he challenges the wind. Dryden.

3. To go to make up; to act as constituent of; to be the essential or constitutive elements of; to answer for; to make the shape of; — said of that out of which anything is formed or constituted, in whole or in part. The diplomatic politicians . . . who formed by far the majority. Burke.

4. To provide with a form, as a hare. See Form, n., 9. The melancholy hare is formed in brakes and briers. Drayton.

5. (Gram.)

Defn: To derive by grammatical rules, as by adding the proper suffixes and affixes.

FORM
Form, v. i.

1. To take a form, definite shape, or arrangement; as, the infantry should form in column.

2. To run to a form, as a hare. B. Jonson. To form on (Mil.), to form a lengthened line with reference to (any given object) as a basis.

FORMAL
For"mal, a. Etym: [L. formalis: cf. F. formel.]

1. Belonging to the form, shape, frame, external appearance, or organization of a thing.

2. Belonging to the constitution of a thing, as distinguished from the matter composing it; having the power of making a thing what it is; constituent; essential; pertaining to oe depending on the forms, so called of the human intellect. Of [the sounds represented by] letters, the material part is breath and voice; the formal is constituted by the motion and figure of the organs of speech. Holder.

3. Done is due form, or with solemnity; according to regular method; not incidental, sudden or irregular; express; as, he gave his formal consent. His obscure funeral . . . No noble rite nor formal ostentation. Shak.

4. Devoted to, or done in accordance with, forms or rules; punctilious; regular; orderly; methodical; of a prescribed form; exact; prim; stiff; ceremonious; as, a man formal in his dress, his gait, his conversation. A cold-looking, formal garden, cut into angles and rhomboids. W. Irwing. She took off the formal cap that confined her hair. Hawthorne.

5. Having the form or appearance without the substance or essence; external; as, formal duty; formal worship; formal courtesy, etc.

6. Dependent in form; conventional. Still in constraint your suffering sex remains, Or bound in formal or in real chains. Pope.

7. Sound; normal. [Obs.] To make of him a formal man again. Shak. Formal cause. See under Cause.

Syn. — Precise; punctilious; stiff; starched; affected; ritual; ceremonial; external; outward. — Formal, Ceremonious. When applied to things, these words usually denote a mere accordance with the rules of form or ceremony; as, to make a formal call; to take a ceremonious leave. When applied to a person or his manners, they are used in a bad sense; a person being called formal who shapes himself too much by some pattern or set form, and ceremonious when he lays too much stress on the conventional laws of social intercourse. Formal manners render a man stiff or ridiculous; a ceremonious carriage puts a stop to the ease and freedom of social intercourse.

FORMALDEHYDE
For*mal"de*hyde, n. Etym: [Formic + aldehyde.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, volatile liquid, H2CO, resembling acetic or ethyl aldehyde, and chemically intermediate between methyl alcohol and formic acid.

FORMALIN
For"ma*lin, n. [Formic + aldehyde + -in.] (Chem.)

Defn: An aqueous solution of formaldehyde, used as a preservative in museums and as a disinfectant.

FORMALISM
Form"al*ism, n.

Defn: The practice or the doctrine of strict adherence to, or dependence on, external forms, esp. in matters of religion. Official formalism. Sir H. Rawlinson.

FORMALIST
Form"al*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. formaliste.]

Defn: One overattentive to forms, or too much confined to them; esp., one who rests in external religious forms, or observes strictly the outward forms of worship, without possessing the life and spirit of religion. As far a formalist from wisdom sits, In judging eyes, as libertines from wits. Young.

FORMALITY
For*mal"i*ty, n.; pl. Formalities. Etym: [Cf. F. formalité.]

1. The condition or quality of being formal, strictly ceremonious, precise, etc.

2. Form without substance. Such [books] as are mere pieces of formality, so that if you look on them, you look though them. Fuller.

3. Compliance with formal or conventional rules; ceremony; conventionality. Nor was his attendance on divine offices a matter of formality and custom, but of conscience. Atterbury.

4. An established order; conventional rule of procedure; usual method; habitual mode. He was installed with all the usual formalities. C. Middleton.

5. pl.

Defn: The dress prescribed for any body of men, academical,
municipal, or sacerdotal. [Obs.]
The doctors attending her in their formalities as far as Shotover.
Fuller.

6. That which is formal; the formal part. It unties the inward knot of marriage, . . . while it aims to keep fast the outward formality. Milton.

7. The quality which makes a thing what it is; essence. The material part of the evil came from our father upon us, but the formality of it, the sting and the curse, is only by ourselves. Jer. Taylor. The formality of the vow lies in the promise made to God. Bp. Stillingfleet.

8. (Scholastic. Philos.)

Defn: The manner in which a thing is conceived or constituted by an act of human thinking; the result of such an act; as, animality and rationality are formalities.

FORMALIZE
Form"al*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Formalized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Formalizing.]

1. To give form, or a certain form, to; to model. [R.]

2. To render formal.

FORMALIZE
Form"al*ize, v. i.

Defn: To affect formality. [Obs.] ales.

FORMALLY
Form"al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a formal manner; essentially; characteristically; expressly; regularly; ceremoniously; precisely. That which formally makes this [charity] a Christian grace, is the spring from which it flows. Smalridge. You and your followers do stand formally divided against the authorized guides of the church and rest of the people. Hooker.

FORMAT
For`mat" (for`ma" or for`mät"), n. [F. or G. Cf. Formation.] (Print.)

Defn: The shape and size of a book; hence, its external form.

The older manuscripts had been written in a much larger format than that found convenient for university work. G. H. Putnam.

One might, indeed, protest that the format is a little too luxurious.
Nature.

FORMATE
For"mate, n. Etym: [See Formic.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of formic acid. [Written also formiate.]

FORMATION
For*ma"tion, n. Etym: [L. formatio: cf. F. formation.]

1. The act of giving form or shape to anything; a forming; a shaping. Beattie.

2. The manner in which a thing is formed; structure; construction; conformation; form; as, the peculiar formation of the heart.

3. A substance formed or deposited.

4. (Geol.) (a) Mineral deposits and rock masses designated with reference to their origin; as, the siliceous formation about geysers; alluvial formations; marine formations. (b) A group of beds of the same age or period; as, the Eocene formation.

5. (Mil.)

Defn: The arrangement of a body of troops, as in a square, column, etc. Farrow.

FORMATIVE
Form"a*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. formatif.]

1. Giving form; having the power of giving form; plastic; as, the formative arts. The meanest plant can not be raised without seed, by any formative residing in the soil. Bentley.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: Serving to form; derivative; not radical; as, a termination merely formative.

3. (Biol.)

Defn: Capable of growth and development; germinal; as, living or formative matter.

FORMATIVE Form"a*tive, n. (Gram.) (a) That which serves merely to give form, and is no part of the radical, as the prefix or the termination of a word. (b) A word formed in accordance with some rule or usage, as from a root.

FORME
For`mé", a. (Her.)

Defn: Same as Paté or Patté.

FORME
For"me, a. Etym: [OE., fr. AS. forma. See Foremost.]

Defn: First. [Obs.] "Adam our forme father." Chaucer.

FORMED
Formed, a.

1. (Astron.)

Defn: Arranged, as stars in a constellation; as, formed stars. [R.]

2. (Biol.)

Defn: Having structure; capable of growth and development; organized; as, the formed or organized ferments. See Ferment, n. Formed material (Biol.), a term employed by Beale to denote the lifeless matter of a cell, that which is physiologically dead, in distinction from the truly germinal or living matter.

FORMEDON For"me*don, n. Etym: [OF., fr. Latin. So called because the plaintiff claimed "by the form of the gift,: L. per formam doni.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A writ of right for a tenant in tail in case of a discontinuance of the estate tail. This writ has been abolished.

FORMELL
For"mell, n. Etym: [Dim. of F. forme the female of a bird of prey.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: The female of a hawk or falcon.

FORMER
Form"er, n.

1. One who forms; a maker; a creator.

2. (Mech.) (a) A shape around which an article is to be shaped, molded, woven wrapped, pasted, or otherwise constructed. (b) A templet, pattern, or gauge by which an article is shaped. (c) A cutting die.

FORMER
For"mer, a. Etym: [A compar. due to OE. formest. See Foremost.]

1. Preceding in order of time; antecedent; previous; prior; earlier; hence, ancient; long past. For inquire, I pray thee, of the former age. Job. viii. 8. The latter and former rain. Hosea vi. 3.

3. Near the beginning; preceeding; as, the former part of a discourse or argument.

3. Earlier, as between two things mentioned together; first mentioned. A bad author deserves better usage than a bad critic; a man may be the former merely through the misfortune of an ill judgment; but he can not be latter without both that and an ill temper. Pope.

Syn.
— Prior; previous; anterior; antecedent; preceding; foregoing.

FORMERET
For`me*ret", n. Etym: [F.] (Arch.)

Defn: One of the half ribs against the walls in a ceiling vaulted with ribs.

FORMERLY
For"mer*ly, adv.

Defn: In time past, either in time immediately preceding or at any indefinite distance; of old; heretofore.

FORMFUL
Form"ful, a.

Defn: Creative; imaginative. [R.] "The formful brain." Thomson.

FORMIC
For"mic, a. Etym: [L. formica an ant: cf. F. formique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, ants; as, formic acid; in an extended sense, pertaining to, or derived from, formic acid; as, formic ether. Amido formic acid, carbamic acid. — Formic acid, a colorless, mobile liquid, HCO.OH, of a sharp, acid taste, occurring naturally in ants, nettles, pine needles, etc., and produced artifically in many ways, as by the oxidation of methyl alcohol, by the reduction of carbonic acid or the destructive distillation of oxalic acid. It is the first member of the fatty acids in the paraffin series, and is homologous with acetic acid.

FORMICA
For*mi"ca, n. Etym: [L., an ant.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A Linnæan genus of hymenopterous insects, including the common ants. See Ant.

FORMICAROID
For`mi*ca"roid, a. Etym: [NL. Formicarius, the typical genus + -oid.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the family Formicaridæ or ant thrushes.

FORMICARY
For"mi*ca*ry, n. Etym: [LL. formicarium, fr. L. formica an ant.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: The nest or dwelling of a swarm of ants; an ant-hill.

FORMICATE
For"mi*cate, a. Etym: [L. formica an ant.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling, or pertaining to, an ant or ants.

FORMICATION For`mi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. formicatio, fr. formicare to creep like an ant, to feel as if ants were crawling on one's self, fr. formica ant: cf. F. formication.] (Med.)

Defn: A sensation resembling that made by the creeping of ants on the skin. Dunglison.

FORMICID
For"mi*cid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the ants.
— n.

Defn: One of the family Formicidæ, or ants.

FORMIDABILITY
For`mi*da*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Formidableness. Walpole.

FORMIDABLE For"mi*da*ble, a. Etym: [L. formidabilis, fr. formidare to fear, dread: cf. F. formidable.]

Defn: Exciting fear or apprehension; impressing dread; adapted to excite fear and deter from approach, encounter, or undertaking; alarming. They seemed to fear the formodable sight. Dryden. I swell my preface into a volume, and make it formidable, when you see so many pages behind. Drydn.

Syn. — Dreadful; fearful; terrible; frightful; shocking; horrible; terrific; tremendous.

FORMIDABLENESS
For"mi*da*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being formidable, or adapted to excite dread.
Boyle.

FORMIDABLY
For"mi*da*bly, adv.

Defn: In a formidable manner.

FORMIDOLOSE
For*mid"o*lose, a. Etym: [L. formidolosus, fr. formido fear.]

Defn: Very much afraid. [Obs.] Bailey.

FORMING
Form"ing, n.

Defn: The act or process of giving form or shape to anything; as, in shipbuilding, the exact shaping of partially shaped timbers.

FORMLESS
Form"less, a.

Defn: Shapeless; without a determinate form; wanting regularity of
shape.
— Form"less*ly, adv.
— Form"less*ness, n.

FORMULA For"mu*la, n.; pl. E. Formulas, L. Formulæ. Etym: [L., dim. of forma form, model. SeeForm, n.]

1. A prescribed or set form; an established rule; a fixed or conventional method in which anything is to be done, arranged, or said.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: A written confession of faith; a formal statement of foctrines.

3. (Math.)

Defn: A rule or principle expressed in algebraic language; as, the binominal formula.

4. (Med.)

Defn: A prescription or recipe for the preparation of a medicinal compound.

5. (Chem.)

Defn: A symbolic expression (by means of letters, figures, etc.) of the constituents or constitution of a compound.

Note: Chemical formulæ consist of the abbreviations of the names of the elements, with a small figure at the lower right hand, to denote the number of atoms of each element contained. Empirical formula (Chem.), an expression which gives the simple proportion of the constituents; as, the empirical formula of acetic acid is C2H4O2. — Graphic formula, Rational formula (Chem.), an expression of the constitution, and in a limited sense of the structure, of a compound, by the grouping of its atoms or radicals; as, a rational formula of acetic acid is CH3.(C:O).OH; — called also structural formula, constitutional formula, etc. See also the formula of Benzene nucleus, under Benzene. — Molecular formula (Chem.), a formula indicating the supposed molecular constitution of a compound.

FORMULARISTIC
For`mu*la*ris"tic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or exhibiting, formularization. Emerson.

FORMULARIZATION
For`mu*lar*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of formularizing; a formularized or formulated statement or exhibition. C. Kingsley.

FORMULARIZE
For"mu*lar*ize, v. t.

Defn: To reduce to a forula; to formulate.

FORMULARY
For"mu*la*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. formulaire. See Formula.]

Defn: Stated; prescribed; ritual.

FORMULARY
For"mu*la*ry, n.; pl. Formularies. Etym: [Cf. F. formulaire.]

1. A book containing stated and prescribed forms, as of oaths, declarations, prayers, medical formulaæ, etc.; a book of precedents.

2. Prescribed form or model; formula.

FORMULATE
For"mu*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Formulated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Formulating.]

Defn: To reduce to, or express in, a formula; to put in a clear and definite form of statement or expression. G. P. Marsh.

FORMULATION
For`mu*la"tion, n.

Defn: The act, process, or result of formulating or reducing to a formula.

FORMULE
For"mule, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A set or prescribed model; a formula. [Obs.] Johnson.

FORMULIZATION
For`mu*li*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of reducing to a formula; the state of being formulized.

FORMULIZE
For"mu*lize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Formulized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Formulizing.]

Defn: To reduce to a formula; to formulate. Emerson.

FORMYL For"myl, n. Etym: [Formic + -yl.] (Chem.) (a) A univalent radical, H.C:O, regarded as the essential residue of formic acid and aldehyde. (b) Formerly, the radical methyl, CH3.

FORNCAST
Forn*cast", p. p. Etym: [OE. foren + cast. See Forecast.]

Defn: Predestined. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORNICAL
For"ni*cal, a.

Defn: Relating to a fornix.

FORNICATE; FORNICATED For"ni*cate, For"ni*ca`ted, a. Etym: [L. fornicatus, fr. fornix, - icis, an arch, vault.]

1. Vaulted like an oven or furnace; arched.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Arching over; overarched. Gray.

FORNICATE For"ni*cate, v. i. Etym: [L. fornicatus, p. p. of fornicari to fornicate, fr. fornix, -icis, a vault, a brothel in an underground vault.]

Defn: To commit fornication; to have unlawful sexual intercourse.

FORNICATION
For`ni*ca"tion, n. Etym: [F. fornication, L. fornicatio.]

1. Unlawful sexual intercourse on the part of an unmarried person; the act of such illicit sexual intercourse between a man and a woman as does not by law amount to adultery.

Note: In England, the offense, though cognizable in the ecclesiastical courts, was not at common law subject to secular prosecution. In the United States it is indictable in some States at common law, in others only by statute. Whartyon.

2. (Script.) (a) Adultery. (b) Incest. (c) Idolatry.

FORNICATOR For"ni*ca`tor, n. Etym: [F. fornicateur, OF. fornicator, from L. fornicator.]

Defn: An unmarried person, male or female, who has criminal intercourse with the other sex; one guilty of fornication.

FORNICATRESS
For"ni*ca`tress, n. Etym: [Cf. F. fornicatrice, L. fornicatrix.]

Defn: A woman guilty of fornication. Shak.

FORNIX For"nix, n.; pl. Fornices. Etym: [L., an arch.] (Anat.) (a) An arch or fold; as, the fornix, or vault, of the cranium; the fornix, or reflection, of the conjuctiva. (b) Esp., two longitudinal bands of white nervous tissue beneath the lateral ventricles of the brain.

FOROLD
For*old", a.

Defn: Very old. [Obs.]
A bear's skin, coal-black, forold. Chaucer.

FORPASS
For*pass", v. t. & i.

Defn: To pass by or along; to pass over. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORPINE
For*pine", v. t.

Defn: To waste away completely by suffering or torment. [Archaic]
"Pale as a forpined ghost." Chaucer.

FORRAY
For"ray ( or ), v. t. Etym: [OE. forrayen. See Foray.]

Defn: To foray; to ravage; to pillage.
For they that morn had forrayed all the land. Fairfax.

FORRAY
For"ray, n.

Defn: The act of ravaging; a ravaging; a predatory excursion. See
Foray.

FORRILL
For"rill, n. Etym: [See Forel.]

Defn: Lambskin parchment; vellum; forel. McElrath.

FORSAKE
For*sake", v. t. [imp. Forsook; p. p. Forsaken; p. pr. & vb. n.
Forsaking.] Etym: [AS. forsacan to oppose, refuse; for- + sacan to
contend, strive; akin to Goth. sakan. See For-, and Sake.]

1. To quit or leave entirely; to desert; to abandon; to depart or withdraw from; to leave; as, false friends and flatterers forsake us in adversity. If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments. Ps. lxxxix. 30.

2. To renounce; to reject; to refuse. If you forsake the offer of their love. Shak.

Syn. — To abandon; quit; desert; fail; relinquish; give up; renounce; reject. See Abandon.

FORSAKER
For*sak"er, n.

Defn: One who forsakes or deserts.

FORSAY For*say", v. t. Etym: [AS. forsecgan to accuse; pref. for- + secgan to say.]

Defn: To forbid; to renounce; to forsake; to deny. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORSHAPE
For*shape", v. t. Etym: [Pref. for- + shape, v.t.]

Defn: To render misshapen. [Obs.] Gower.

FORSLACK
For*slack", v. t. Etym: [Pref. for- + slack to neglect.]

Defn: To neglect by idleness; to delay or to waste by sloth. [Obs.]
Spenser.

FORSLOUTHE
For*slouth"e, v. t. Etym: [See For-, and Slouth.]

Defn: To lose by sloth or negligence. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORSLOW
For*slow", v. t. Etym: [Pref. for- + slow.]

Defn: To delay; to hinder; to neglect; to put off. [Obs.] Bacon.

FORSLOW
For*slow", v. i.

Defn: To loiter. [Obs.] Shak.

FORSLUGGE
For*slug"ge, v. t. Etym: [See Slug to be idle.]

Defn: To lsoe by idleness or slotch. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORSOOTH For*sooth", adv. Etym: [AS. forso\'eb; for, prep. + so\'eb sooth, truth. See For, prep., and Sooth.]

Defn: In truth; in fact; certainly; very well; — formerly used as an expression of deference or respect, especially to woman; now used ironically or contemptuously. A fit man, forsooth, to govern a realm! Hayward. Our old English word forsooth has been changed for the French madam. Guardian.

FORSOOTH
For*sooth", v. t.

Defn: To address respectfully with the term forsooth. [Obs.] The captain of the "Charles" had forsoothed her, though he knew her well enough and she him. Pepys.

FORSOOTH
For*sooth", n.

Defn: A person who used forsooth much; a very ceremonious and deferential person. [R.] You sip so like a forsooth of the city. B. Jonson.

FORSPEAK
For*speak", v. t. Etym: [Pref. for- + speak.]

1. To forbid; to prohibit. Shak.

2. To bewitch. [Obs.] Drayton.

FORSPENT For*spent", a. Etym: [AS. forspendan to consume; pref. for- + spendan to spend.]

Defn: Wasted in strength; tired; exhausted. [Archaic]
A gentleman almost forspent with speed. Shak.

FORSTALL
For*stall", v. t.

Defn: To forestall. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORSTER
Fors"ter, n.

Defn: A forester. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORSTRAUGHT For*straught", p. p. & a. Etym: [Pref. for- + straught; cf. distraught.]

Defn: Distracted. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORSWAT
For*swat", a. Etym: [See Sweat.]

Defn: Spent with heat; covered with sweat. [Obs.] P. Sidney.

FORSWEAR
For*swear", v. t. [imp. Forswore; p. p. Forsworn; p. pr. & vb. n.
Forswearing.] Etym: [OE. forsweren, forswerien, AS. forswerian; pref.
for- + swerian to swear. See For-, and Swear, v. i.]

1. To reject or renounce upon oath; hence, to renounce earnestly, determinedly, or with protestations. I . . . do forswear her. Shak.

2. To deny upon oath. Like innocence, and as serenely bold As truth, how loudly he forswears thy gold! Dryden. To forswear one's self, to swear falsely; to peforswear thyself."

Syn.
— See Perjure.

FORSWEAR
For*swear", v. i.

Defn: To swear falsely; to commit perjury. Shak.

FORSWEARER
For*swear"er, n.

Defn: One who rejects of renounces upon oath; one who swears a false oath.

FORSWONK
For*swonk", a. Etym: [Pref. for- + swonk, p.p. of swinkto labor. See
Swink.]

Defn: Overlabored; exhausted; worn out. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORSWORE
For*swore",

Defn: imp. of Forswear.

FORSWORN
For*sworn",

Defn: p. p. of Forswear.

FORSWORNNESS
For*sworn"ness, n.

Defn: State of being forsworn. [R.]

FORSYTHIA For*syth"i*a, a. Etym: [NL. Named after William Forsyth, who brought in from China.] (Bot.)

Defn: A shrub of the Olive family, with yellow blossoms.

FORT
Fort, n. Etym: [F., from fort strong, L. fortis; perh. akin to Skr.
darh to fix, make firm, and to E. firm Cf. Forte, Force, Fortalice,
Comfort, Effort.] (Mil.)

Defn: A strong or fortified place; usually, a small fortified place, occupied only by troops, surrounded with a ditch, rampart, and parapet, or with palisades, stockades, or other means of defense; a fortification. Detached works, depending solely on their own strength, belong to the class of works termed forts. Farrow.

FORTALICE
Fort"a*lice, n. Etym: [LL. fortalitia, or OF. fortelesce. See
Fortress.] (Mil.)

Defn: A small outwork of a fortification; a fortilage; — called also fortelace.

FORTE
Forte (fort), n. Etym: [IT. forte: cf. F. fort. See Fort.]

1. The strong point; that in which one excels. fort"a The construction of a fable seems by no means the forte of our modern poetical writers. Jeffrey.

2. The stronger part of the blade of a sword; the part of half nearest the hilt; — opposed to foible.

FORTE For"te (fôr"tay or for"tay), adv. Etym: [It. forte, a. & adv., fr. L. fortis strong.] (Mus.)

Defn: Loudly; strongly; powerfully.

FORTED
Fort"ed, a.

Defn: Furnished with, or guarded by, forts; strengthened or defended, as by forts. [R.] Shak.

FORTH Forth, v.Etym: [AS. foredh, fr. for akin to D. voort, G. fort sq. root78. See Fore, For, and cf. Afford, Further, adv.]

1. Forward; onward in time, place, or order; in advance from a given point; on to end; as, from that day forth; one, two, three, and so forth. Lucas was Paul's companion, at the leastway from the sixteenth of the Acts forth. Tyndale. From this time forth, I never will speak word. Shak. I repeated the Ave Maria; the inquisitor bad me say forth; I said I was taught no more. Strype.

2. Out, as from a state of concealment, retirement, confinement, nondevelopment, or the like; out into notice or view; as, the plants in spring put forth leaves. When winter past, and summer scarce begun, Invites them forth to labor in the sun. Dryden.

3. Beyond a (certain) boundary; away; abroad; out. I have no mind of feasting forth to-night. Shak.

4. Throughly; from beginning to end. [Obs.] Shak. And so forth, Back
and forth, From forth. See under And, Back, and From.
— Forth of, Forth from, out of [Obs.] Shak.
— To bring forth. See under Bring.

FORTH
Forth, prep.

Defn: Forth from; out of. [Archaic]
Some forth their cabins peep. Donne.

FORTH
Forth, n. Etym: [OE., a ford. Frith.]

Defn: A way; a passage or ford. [Obs.] Todd.

FORTHBY
Forth`by", adv. [Obs.]

Defn: See Forby.

FORTHCOMING
Forth"com`ing ( or ), a.

Defn: Ready or about to appear; making appearance.

FORTHGOING
Forth"go`ing ( or ), n.

Defn: A going forth; an utterance. A. Chalmers.

FORTHGOING
Forth"go`ing, a.

Defn: Going forth.

FORTHINK
For*think", v. t.

Defn: To repent; to regret; to be sorry for; to cause regret. [Obs.]
"Let it forthink you." Tyndale.
That me forthinketh, quod this January. Chaucer.

FORTHPUTING
Forth"put`ing ( or ), a.

Defn: Bold; forward; aggressive.

FORTHRIGHT
Forth"right` ( or ), adv. Etym: [Forth, adv. + right, adv.]

Defn: Straight forward; in a straight direction. [Archaic] Sir P.
Sidney.

FORTHRIGHT
Forth"right`, a.

Defn: Direct; straightforward; as, a forthright man. [Archaic]
Lowell.
They were Night and Day, and Day and Night, Piligrims wight with
steps forthright. Emerson.

FORTHRIGHT
Forth"right`, n.

Defn: A straight path. [Archaic]
Here's a maze trod, indeed, Through forthrights and meanders! Shak.

FORTHRIGHTNESS
Forth"right`ness, n.

Defn: Straightforwardness; explicitness; directness. [Archaic]
Dante's concise forthrightness of phrase. Hawthorne.

FORTHWARD
Forth"ward, adv. Etym: [Forth, adv. + -ward.]

Defn: Forward. [Obs.] Bp. Fisher.

FORTHWITH
Forth`with" ( or ; see With), adv.

1. Immediately; without delay; directly. Immediately there fell from his eyes as it had been scales; and he received sight forthwith. Acts ix. 18.

2. (Law)

Defn: As soon as the thing required may be done by reasonable exertion confined to that object. Bouvier.

FORTHY For*thy", adv. Etym: [AS. foredhy; for, prep. + edhy, instrumental neut. of se, seó, edhæt, pron. demonstrative and article. See The.]

Defn: Therefore. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORTIES
For"ties, n. pl.

Defn: See Forty.

FORTIETH
For"ti*eth, a. Etym: [AS. feówertigo. See Forty.]

1. Following the thirty-ninth, or preceded by thirty-nine units, things, or parts.

2. Constituting one of forty equal parts into which anything is divided.

FORTIETH
For"ti*eth, n.

Defn: One of forty equal parts into which one whole is divided; the quotient of a unit divided by forty; one next in order after the thirty-ninth.

FORTIFIABLE
For"ti*fi`a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. fortifiable.]

Defn: Capable of being fortified. Johnson.

FORTIFICATION
For`ti*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. fortificatio : cf. F. fortification.]

1. The act of fortifying; the art or science of fortifying places in order to defend them against an enemy.

2. That which fortifies; especially, a work or works erected to defend a place against attack; a fortified place; a fortress; a fort; a castle. Fortification agate, Scotch pebble.

Syn.
— Fortress; citadel; bulwark. See Fortress.

FORTIFIER
For"ti*fi`er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, fortifies, strengthens, supports, or upholds.

FORTIFY
For"ti*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fortified; p. pr. & vb. n.
Fortifying.] Etym: [F. fortifier, L. fortificare; fortis strong + -
ficare (in comp.) to make. See Fort, and -fy.]

1. To add strength to; to strengthen; to confirm; to furnish with power to resist attack. Timidity was fortified by pride. Gibbon. Pride came to the aid of fancy, and both combined to fortify his resolution. Sir W. Scott.

2. To strengthen and secure by forts or batteries, or by surrounding with a wall or ditch or other military works; to render defensible against an attack by hostile forces.

FORTIFY
For"ti*fy, v. i.

Defn: To raise defensive works. Milton.

FORTILAGE
For"ti*lage (; 48), n. Etym: [Cf. Fortalice.]

Defn: A little fort; a blockhouse. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORTIN
Fort"in, n. Etym: [F. See Fort, n.]

Defn: A little fort; a fortlet. [Obs.]

FORTISSIMO
For*tis"si*mo ( or ), adv. Etym: [It., superl. of forte, adv. See
Forte, adv.] (Mus.)

Defn: Very loud; with the utmost strength or loudness.

FORTITION
For*ti"tion, n. Etym: [See Fortuitous.]

Defn: Casual choice; fortuitous selection; hazard. [R.] No mode of election operating in the spirit of fortition or rotation can be generally good. Burke.

FORTITUDE
For"ti*tude, n. Etym: [L. fortitudo, fr. fortis strong. See Fort.]

1. Power to resist attack; strength; firmness. [Obs.] The fortitude of the place is best known to you. Shak.

2. That strength or firmness of mind which enables a person to encounter danger with coolness and courage, or to bear pain or adversity without murmuring, depression, or despondency; passive courage; resolute endurance; firmness in confronting or bearing up against danger or enduring trouble. Extolling patience as the truest fortitude. Milton. Fortitude is the guard and support of the other virtues. Locke.

Syn.
— Courage; resolution; resoluteness; endurance; bravery. See
Courage, and Heroism.

FORTITUDINOUS
For`ti*tu"di*nous, a.

Defn: Having fortitude; courageous. [R.] Gibbon.

FORTLET
Fort"let, n.

Defn: A little fort. [R.] Bailey.

FORTNIGHT Fort"night` (; in U.S. often ; 277), n. Etym: [Contr. fr. fourteen nights, our ancestors reckoning time by nights and winters; so, also, seven nights, sennight, a week.]

Defn: The space of fourteen days; two weeks.

FORTNIGHTLY
Fort"night`ly, a.

Defn: Occurring or appearing once in a fortnight; as, a fortnightly meeting of a club; a fortnightly magazine, or other publication. — adv.

Defn: Once in a fortnight; at intervals of a fortnight.

FORTREAD
For*tread", v. t.

Defn: To tread down; to trample upon. [Obs.]
In hell shall they be all fortroden of devils. Chaucer.

FORTRESS
For"tress, n.; pl. Fortresses. Etym: [F. forteresse, OF. forteresce,
fortelesce, LL. foralitia, fr. L. fortis strong. See Fort, and cf.
Fortalice.]

Defn: A fortified place; a large and permanent fortification, sometimes including a town; a fort; a castle; a stronghold; a place of defense or security.

Syn. — Fortress, Fortification, Castle, Citadel. A fortress is constructed for military purposes only, and is permanently garrisoned; a fortification is built to defend harbors, cities, etc.; a castle is a fortress of early times which was ordinarily a palatial dwelling; a citadel is the stronghold of a fortress or city, etc.

FORTRESS
For"tress, v. t.

Defn: To furnish with a fortress or with fortresses; to guard; to fortify. Shak.

FORTUITOUS For*tu"i*tous, a. Etym: [L. fortuitus; akin to forte, adv., by chance, prop. abl. of fors, fortis, chance. See Fortune.]

1. Happening by chance; coming or occuring unexpectedly, or without any known cause; chance; as, the fortuitous concourse of atoms. It was from causes seemingly fortuitous . . . that all the mighty effects of the Reformation flowed. Robertson. So as to throw a glancing and fortuitous light upon the whole. Hazlitt.

2. (LAw)

Defn: Happening independently of human will or means of foresight; resulting from unavoidable physical causes. Abbott.

Syn.
— Accidental; casual; contingent; incidental. See Accidental.
— For*tu"i*tous*ly, adv.
— For*tu"i*tous*ness, n.

FORTUITY
For*tu"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. fortuité.]

Defn: Accident; chance; casualty. D. Forbes (1750).

FORTUNATE For"tu*nate, a. Etym: [L. fortunatus, p.p. of fortunare to make fortunate or prosperous, fr. fortuna. See Fortune, n.]

1. Coming by good luck or favorable chance; bringing some good thing not foreseen as certain; presaging happiness; auspicious; as, a fortunate event; a fortunate concurrence of circumstances; a fortunate investment.

2. Receiving same unforeseen or unexpected good, or some good which was not dependent on one's own skill or efforts; favored with good forune; lucky.

Syn. — Auspicious; lucky; prosperous; successful; favored; happy. — Fortunate, Successful, Prosperous. A man is fortunate, when he is favored of fortune, and has unusual blessings fall to his lot; successful when he gains what he aims at; prosperous when he succeeds in those things which men commonly desire. One may be fortunate, in some cases, where he is not successful; he may be successful, but, if he has been mistaken in the value of what he has aimed at, he may for that reason fail to be prosperous.

FORTUNATELY
For"tu*nate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a fortunate manner; luckily; successfully; happily.

FORTUNATENESS
For"tu*nate*ness, n.

Defn: The condition or quality of being fortunate; good luck; success; happiness.

FORTUNE
For"tune, n. Etym: [F. fortune, L. fortuna; akin to fors, fortis,
chance, prob. fr. ferre to bear, bring. See Bear to support, and cf.
Fortuitous.]

1. The arrival of something in a sudden or unexpected manner; chance; accident; luck; hap; also, the personified or deified power regarded as determining human success, apportioning happiness and unhappiness, and distributing arbitrarily or fortuitously the lots of life. 'T is more by fortune, lady, than by merit. Shak. O Fortune, Fortune, all men call thee fickle. Shak.

2. That which befalls or is to befall one; lot in life, or event in any particular undertaking; fate; destiny; as, to tell one's fortune. You, who men's fortunes in their faces read. Cowley.

3. That which comes as the result of an undertaking or of a course of action; good or ill success; especially, favorable issue; happy event; success; prosperity as reached partly by chance and partly by effort. Our equal crimes shall equal fortune give. Dryden. There is a tide in the affairs of men, Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune. Shak. His father dying, he was driven to seek his fortune. Swift.

4. Wealth; large possessions; large estate; riches; as, a gentleman of fortune.

Syn. — Chance; accident; luck; fate. Fortune book, a book supposed to reveal future events to those who consult it. Crashaw. - Fortune hunter, one who seeks to acquire wealth by marriage. — Fortune teller, one who professes to tell future events in the life of another. — Fortune telling, the practice or art of professing to reveal future events in the life of another.

FORTUNE
For"tune, v. t. Etym: [OF. fortuner, L. fortunare. See Fortune, n.]

1. To make fortunate; to give either good or bad fortune to. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. To provide with a fortune. Richardson.

3. To presage; to tell the fortune of. [Obs.] Dryden.

FORTUNE
For"tune, v. i.

Defn: To fall out; to happen. It fortuned the same night that a Christian, serving a Turk in the camp, secretely gave the watchmen warning. Knolles.

FORTUNELESS
For"tune*less, a.

Defn: Luckless; also, destitute of a fortune or portion. Spenser.

FORTUNIZE
For"tun*ize, v. t.

Defn: To regulate the fortune of; to make happy. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORTY For"ty, a. Etym: [OE. forti, fourti, fowerty, AS. feówertig; feówer four + suff. -tig ten; akin to OS. fiwartig, fiartig, D. veertig, G. vierzig, Icel. fjörutiu, Sw. fyratio, Dan. fyrretyve, Goth. fidw. See Four, and Ten, and cf. Fourteen.]

Defn: Four times ten; thirtynine and one more.

FORTY
For"ty, n.; pl. Forties (.

1. The sum of four tens; forty units or objects.

2. A symbol expressing forty units; as, 40, or xl.

FORTY-NINER
For`ty-nin"er, n.

Defn: One of those who went to California in the rush for gold in 1849; an argonaut. [Colloq., U. S.]

FORTY-SPOT
For"ty-spot`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Tasmanian forty-spotted diamond bird (Pardalotus quadragintus).

FORUM Fo"rum, n.; pl. E. Forums, L. Fora. Etym: [L.; akin to foris, foras, out of doors. See Foreign.]

1. A market place or public place in Rome, where causes were judicially tried, and orations delivered to the people.

2. A tribunal; a court; an assembly empowered to hear and decide causes. He [Lord Camden] was . . . more eminent in the senate than in the forum. Brougham.

FORWAKED
For*waked" ( or ), p. p. & a.

Defn: Tired out with excessive waking or watching. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORWANDER
For*wan"der, v. i.

Defn: To wander away; to go astray; to wander far and to weariness.
[Obs.]

FORWARD For"ward, n. Etym: [OE., fr. AS. foreweard; fore before + weard a ward. See Ward, n.]

Defn: An agreement; a covenant; a promise. [Obs.]
Tell us a tale anon, as forward is. Chaucer.

FORWARD; FORWARDS
For"ward, For"wards, adv. Etym: [AS. forweard, foreweard; for, fore +
-weardes; akin to G. vorwärts. The s is properly a genitive ending.
See For, Fore, and -ward, -wards.]

Defn: Toward a part or place before or in front; onward; in advance; progressively; — opposed to backward.

FORWARD
For"ward, a.

1. Near, or at the fore part; in advance of something else; as, the forward gun in a ship, or the forward ship in a fleet.

2. Ready; prompt; strongly inclined; in an ill sense, overready; to hasty. Only they would that we should remember the poor; the same which I also was forward to do. Gal. ii. 10. Nor do we find him forward to be sounded. Shak.

3. Ardent; eager; earnest; in an ill sense, less reserved or modest than is proper; bold; confident; as, the boy is too forward for his years. I have known men disagreeably forward from their shyness. T. Arnold.

4. Advanced beyond the usual degree; advanced for season; as, the grass is forward, or forward for the season; we have a forward spring. early. The most forward bud Is eaten by the canker ere it blow. Shak.

FORWARD
For"ward, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Forwarded; p.pr. & vb.n. Forwarding.]

1. To help onward; to advance; to promote; to accelerate; to quicken; to hasten; as, to forward the growth of a plant; to forward one in improvement.

2. To send forward; to send toward the place of destination; to transmit; as, to forward a letter.

FORWARDER
For"ward*er, n.

1. One who forwards or promotes; a promoter. Udall.

2. One who sends forward anything; (Com.) one who transmits goods; a forwarding merchant.

3. (Bookbinding)

Defn: One employed in forwarding.

FORWARDING
For"ward*ing, n.

1. The act of one who forwards; the act or occupation of transmitting merchandise or other property for others.

2. (Bookbinding)

Defn: The process of putting a book into its cover, and making it ready for the finisher.

FORWARDLY
For"ward*ly, adv.

Defn: Eagerly; hastily; obtrusively.

FORWARDNESS
For"ward*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being forward; cheerful readiness; promtness; as, the forwardness of Christians in propagating the gospel.

2. An advanced stage of progress or of preparation; advancement; as, his measures were in great forwardness. Robertson.

3. Eagerness; ardor; as, it is difficult to restrain the forwardness of youth.

3. Boldness; confidence; assurance; want of due reserve or modesty. In France it is usual to bring children into company, and cherish in them, from their infancy, a kind of forwardness and assurance. Addison.

5. A state of advance beyond the usual degree; prematureness; precocity; as, the forwardnessof spring or of corn; the forwardness of a pupil. He had such a dexterous proclivity, as his teachers were fain to restrain his forwardness. Sir H. Wotton.

Syn. — Promptness; promptitude; eagerness; ardor; zeal; assurance; confidence; boldness; impudence; presumption.

FORWARDS
For"wards, adv.

Defn: Same as Forward.

FORWASTE
For*waste", v. t. Etym: [Pref. for- + waste.]

Defn: To desolate or lay waste utterly. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORWEARY
For*wea"ry, v. t.

Defn: To weary extremely; to dispirit. [Obs.] Spenser.

FORWEEP
For*weep", v. i.

Defn: To weep much. [Obs.]

FORWETE
For*wete", v. t.

Defn: See Forewite. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORWHY For*why", conj. Etym: [For + why, AS. hw, instrumental case of hwa who.]

Defn: Wherefore; because. [Obs.]

FORWORN
For*worn", a.

Defn: Much worn. [Obs.]
A silly man, in simple weeds forworn. Spenser.

FORWOT
For*wot",

Defn: pres. indic. 1st & 3d pers. sing. of Forwete. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORWRAP
For*wrap", v. t.

Defn: To wrap up; to conceal. [Obs.]
All mote be said and nought excused, nor hid, nor forwrapped.
Chaucer.

FORYELDE
For*yelde", v. t. Etym: [AS. forgieldan.]

Defn: To repay; to requite. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORYETE
For*yete", v. t.

Defn: To forget. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FORYETTEN
For*yet"ten, obs.

Defn: p. p. of Foryete. Chaucer.

FORZANDO
For*zan"do, adv. Etym: [It., prop. p.p. of forzare to force.] (Mus.)

Defn: See Sforzato.

FOSSA
Fos"sa, n.; pl. FossÆ. Etym: [L., a ditch. See Fosse.] (Anat.)

Defn: A pit, groove, cavity, or depression, of greater or less depth; as, the temporal fossa on the side of the skull; the nasal fossæ containing the nostrils in most birds.

FOSSANE
Fos"sane`, n. Etym: [Cf. F. fossane.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of civet (Viverra fossa) resembling the genet.

FOSSE
Fosse, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. fossa, fr. fodere, fossum, to dig.]

1. (Fort.)

Defn: A ditch or moat.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: See Fossa. Fosse road. See Fosseway.

FOSSET
Fos"set, n.

Defn: A faucet. [Obs.] Shak.

FOSSETTE
Fos`sette" ( or ), n. Etym: [F., dim. of fosse a fosse.]

1. A little hollow; hence, a dimple.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A small, deep-centered ulcer of the transparent cornea.

FOSSEWAY
Fosse"way`, n.

Defn: One of the great military roads constructed by the Romans in England and other parts of Europe; — so called from the fosse or ditch on each side for keeping it dry.

FOSSICK Fos"sick, v. i. [Dial. E. fossick, fossuck, a troublesome person, fussick to potter over one's work, fussock to bustle about; of uncertain origin. Cf. Fuss.]

1. (Mining)

Defn: To search for gold by picking at stone or earth or among roots in isolated spots, picking over abandoned workings, etc.; hence, to steal gold or auriferous matter from another's claim. [Australia]

2. To search about; to rummage.

A man who has fossicked in nature's byways.
D. Macdonald.

FOSSIL
Fos"sil, a. Etym: [L. fossilis, fr. fodere to dig: cf. F. fossile.
See Fosse.]

1. Dug out of the eart; as, fossil coal; fossil salt.

2. (Paleon.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to fossils; contained in rocks. whether petrified or not; as, fossil plants, shells. Fossil copal, a resinous substance, first found in the blue clay at Highgate, near London, and apparently a vegetable resin, partly changed by remaining in the earth. — Fossil cork, flax, paper, or wood, varieties of amianthus. — Fossil farina, a soft carbonate of lime. — Fossil ore, fossiliferous red hematite. Raymond.

FOSSIL
Fos"sil, n.

1. A substance dug from the earth. [Obs.]

Note: Formerly all minerals were called fossils, but the word is now restricted to express the remains of animals and plants found buried in the earth. Ure.

2. (Paleon.)

Defn: The remains of an animal or plant found in stratified rocks. Most fossils belong to extinct species, but many of the later ones belong to species still living.

3. A person whose views and opinions are extremely antiquated; one whose sympathies are with a former time rather than with the present. [Colloq.]

FOSSILIFEROUS
Fos`sil*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [Fossil + -ferous.] (Paleon.)

Defn: Containing or composed of fossils.

FOSSILIFICATION
Fos*sil`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Fossil + L. facere to make.]

Defn: The process of becoming fossil.

FOSSILISM
Fos"sil*ism, n.

1. The science or state of fossils. Coleridge.

2. The state of being extremely antiquated in views and opinions.

FOSSILIST
Fos"sil*ist, n.

Defn: One who is versed in the science of fossils; a paleontologist.
Joseph Black.

FOSSILIZATION
Fos`sil*i*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. fossilisation.]

Defn: The process of converting, or of being converted, into a fossil.

FOSSILIZE
Fos"sil*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fossilized; p. pr. & vb. n.
Fossilizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. fossiliser.]

1. To convert into a fossil; to petrify; as, to fossilize bones or wood.

2. To cause to become antiquated, rigid, or fixed, as by fossilization; to mummify; to deaden. Ten layers of birthdays on a woman's head Are apt to fossilize her girlish mirth. Mrs. Browning.

FOSSILIZE
Fos"sil*ize, v. i.

1. To become fossil.

2. To become antiquated, rigid, or fixed, beyond the influence of change or progress.

FOSSILIZED
Fos"sil*ized, a.

Defn: Converted into a fossil; antiquated; firmly fixed in views or
opinions.
A fossilized sample of confused provincialism. Earle.

FOSSORES Fos*so"res, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. fossor digger, fr. fodere to dig.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of hymenopterous insects including the sand wasps. They excavate cells in earth, where they deposit their eggs, with the bodies of other insects for the food of the young when hatched. [Written also Fossoria.]

FOSSORIA
Fos*so"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Fossores.

FOSSORIAL
Fos*so"ri*al, a. Etym: [L. fossor a digger.]

Defn: Fitted for digging, adapted for burrowing or digging; as, a fossorial foot; a fossorial animal.

FOSSORIOUS
Fos*so"ri*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Adapted for digging; — said of the legs of certain insects.

FOSSULATE
Fos"su*late, a. Etym: [L. fossula little ditch, dim. of fossa. See
Fosse.]

Defn: Having, or surrounded by, long, narrow depressions or furrows.

FOSTER
Fos"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fostered, p. pr. & vb. n. Fostering.]
Etym: [OE. fostren, fr. AS. foster, fostor, food, nourishment, fr.
foda food. *75. See Food.]

1. To feed; to nourish; to support; to bring up. Some say that ravens foster forlorn children. Shak.

2. To cherish; to promote the growth of; to encourage; to sustain and promote; as, to foster genius.

FOSTER
Fos"ter, v. i.

Defn: To be nourished or trained up together. [Obs.] Spenser.

FOSTER Fos"ter, a. Etym: [AS. foster, fostor, nourishment. See Foster, v. t.]

Defn: Relating to nourishment; affording, receiving, or sharing nourishment or nurture; — applied to father, mother, child, brother, etc., to indicate that the person so called stands in the relation of parent, child, brother, etc., as regards sustenance and nurture, but not by tie of blood. Foster babe, or child, an infant of child nursed by a woman not its mother, or bred by a man not its father. — Foster brother, Foster sister, one who is, or has been, nursed at the same breast, or brought up by the same nurse as another, but is not of the same parentage. — Foster dam, one who takes the place of a mother; a nurse. Dryden. — Foster earth, earth by which a plant is nourished, though not its native soil. J. Philips. — Foster father, a man who takes the place of a father in caring for a child. Bacon. — Foster land. (a) Land allotted for the maintenance of any one. [Obs.] (b) One's adopted country. — Foster lean Etym: [foster + AS. læn a loan See Loan.], remuneration fixed for the rearing of a foster child; also, the jointure of a wife. [Obs.] Wharton. — Foster mother, a woman who takes a mother's place in the nurture and care of a child; a nurse. — Foster nurse, a nurse; a nourisher. [R.] Shak. — Foster parent, a foster mother or foster father. — Foster son, a male foster child.

FOSTER
Fos"ter, n.

Defn: A forester. [Obs.] Spenser.

FOSTER
Fos"ter, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, fosters.

FOSTERAGE
Fos"ter*age (; 48), n.

Defn: The care of a foster child; the charge of nursing. Sir W.
Raleigh.

FOSTERER
Fos"ter*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, fosters.

FOSTERLING
Fos"ter*ling, n. Etym: [AS. fostorling.]

Defn: A foster child.

FOSTERMENT
Fos"ter*ment, n.

Defn: Food; nourishment. [Obs.]

FOSTRESS
Fos"tress, n. Etym: [For fosteress.]

Defn: A woman who feeds and cherishes; a nurse. B. Jonson.

FOTHER Foth"er, n. Etym: [OE. fother, foder, AS. fo a cartload; akin to G. fuder a cartload, a unit of measure, OHG. fuodar, D. voeder, and perh. to E. fathom, or cf. Skr. patra vessel, dish. Cf. Fodder a fother.]

1. A wagonload; a load of any sort. [Obs.] Of dung full many a fother. Chaucer.

2. See Fodder, a unit of weight.

FOTHER
Foth"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fothered; p. pr. & vb. n. Fothering.]
Etym: [Cf. Fodder food, and G. füttern, futtern, to cover within or
without, to line. *75.]

Defn: To stop (a leak in a ship at sea) by drawing under its bottom a thrummed sail, so that the pressure of the water may force it into the crack. Totten.

FOTIVE
Fo"tive, a. Etym: [L. fovere, fotum, to keep warm, to cherish.]

Defn: Nourishing. [Obs.] T. Carew (1633).

FOTMAL
Fot"mal, n. (Com.)

Defn: Seventy pounds of lead.

FOUCAULT CURRENT Fou`cault" cur`rent. [After J. B. L. Foucault (1819-68), French physicist.] (Elec.)

Defn: An eddy current.

FOUGADE; FOUGASSE
Fou`gade", Fou`gasse", n. (Mil.)

Defn: A small mine, in the form of a well sunk from the surface of the ground, charged with explosive and projectiles. It is made in a position likely to be occupied by the enemy.

FOUGHT
Fought,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Fight.

FOUGHTEN
Fought"en,

Defn: p. p. of Fight. [Archaic]

FOUL
Foul, n. Etym: [See Fowl.]

Defn: A bird. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FOUL Foul, a. [Compar. Fouler (-er); superl. Foulest.] Etym: [OE. foul, ful, AS. ful; akin to D. vuil, G. faul rotten, OHG. ful, Icel. ful foul, fetid; Dan. fuul, Sw. ful foul, Goth. fuls fetid, Lith. puti to be putrid, L. putere to stink, be putrid, pus pus, Gr. py`on pus, to cause to rot, Skr. puy to stink. *82. Cf. Defile to foul, File to foul, Filth, Pus, Putrid.]

1. Covered with, or containing, extraneous matter which is injurious, noxious, offensive, or obstructive; filthy; dirty; not clean; polluted; nasty; defiled; as, a foul cloth; foul hands; a foul chimney; foul air; a ship's bottom is foul when overgrown with barnacles; a gun becomes foul from repeated firing; a well is foul with polluted water. My face is foul with weeping. Job. xvi. 16.

2. Scurrilous; obscene or profane; abusive; as, foul words; foul language.

3. Hateful; detestable; shameful; odious; wretched. "The foul with Sycorax." Shak. Who first seduced them to that foul revolt Milton.

4. Loathsome; disgusting; as, a foul disease.

5. Ugly; homely; poor. [Obs.] Chaucer. Let us, like merchants, show our foulest wares. Shak.

6. Not favorable; unpropitious; not fair or advantageous; as, a foul wind; a foul road; cloudy or rainy; stormy; not fair; — said of the weather, sky, etc. So foul a sky clears not without a storm. Shak.

7. Not conformed to the established rules and customs of a game, conflict, test, etc.; unfair; dishonest; dishonorable; cheating; as, foul play.

8. Having freedom of motion interfered with by collision or entanglement; entangled; — opposed to clear; as, a rope or cable may get foul while paying it out.

Foul anchor. (Naut.) See under Anchor. — Foul ball (Baseball), a ball that first strikes the ground outside of the foul ball lines, or rolls outside of certain limits. — Foul ball lines (Baseball), lines from the home base, through the first and third bases, to the boundary of the field. — Foul berth (Naut.), a berth in which a ship is in danger of fouling another vesel. — Foul bill, or Foul bill of health, a certificate, duly authenticated, that a ship has come from a place where a contagious disorder prevails, or that some of the crew are infected. — Foul copy, a rough draught, with erasures and corrections; — opposed to fair or clean copy. "Some writers boast of negligence, and others would be ashamed to show their foul copies." Cowper. — Foul proof, an uncorrected proof; a proof containing an excessive quantity of errors. — Foul strike (Baseball), a strike by the batsman when any part of his person is outside of the lines of his position. — To fall foul, to fall out; to quarrel. [Obs.] "If they be any ways offended, they fall foul." Burton. — To fall, or run, foul of. See under Fall. — To make foul water, to sail in such shallow water that the ship's keel stirs the mud at the bottom.

FOUL
Foul, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fouled; p. pr. & vb. n. Fouling.]

1. To make filthy; to defile; to daub; to dirty; to soil; as, to foul the face or hands with mire.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: To incrust (the bore of a gun) with burnt powder in the process of firing.

3. To cover (a ship's bottom) with anything that impered its sailing; as, a bottom fouled with barnacles.

4. To entangle, so as to impede motion; as, to foul a rope or cable in paying it out; to come into collision with; as, one boat fouled the other in a race.

FOUL
Foul, v. i.

1. To become clogged with burnt powder in the process of firing, as a gun.

2. To become entagled, as ropes; to come into collision with something; as, the two boats fouled.

FOUL
Foul, n.

1. An entanglement; a collision, as in a boat race.

2. (Baseball)

Defn: See Foul ball, under Foul, a.

FOULARD
Fou`lard", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A thin, washable material of silk, or silk and cotton, originally imported from India, but now also made elsewhere.

FOULDER Foul"der, v. i. Etym: [OE. fouldre lightning, fr. F. foudre, OF. also fouldre, fr. L. fulgur. See Fulgor.]

Defn: To flash, as lightning; to lighten; to gleam; to thunder.
[Obs.] "Flames of fouldering heat." Spenser.

FOULE
Foul"e, adv.

Defn: Foully. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FOULLY
Foul"ly, v.

Defn: In a foul manner; filthily; nastily; shamefully; unfairly;
dishonorably.
I foully wronged him; do forgive me, do. Gay.

FOUL-MOUTHED
Foul"-mouthed`, a.

Defn: Using language scurrilous, opprobrious, obscene, or profane;
abusive.
So foul-mouthed a witness never appeared in any cause. Addison.

FOULNESS
Foul"ness, n. Etym: [AS. f.]

Defn: The quality or condition of being foul.

FOUL-SPOKEN
Foul"-spo`ken, a.

Defn: Using profane, scurrilous, slanderous, or obscene language.
Shak.

FOUMART Fou"mart`, n. Etym: [OE. folmard, fulmard; AS. f foul + mear, meard, marten: cf. F. marte, martre. See Foul, a., and Marten the quadruped.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European polecat; — called also European ferret, and fitchew. See Polecat. [Written also foulmart, foulimart, and fulimart.]

FOUND
Found,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Find.

FOUND
Found, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Founded; p. pr. & vb. n. Founding.] Etym:
[F. fondre, L. fundere to found, pour.]

Defn: To form by melting a metal, and pouring it into a mold; to cast. "Whereof to found their engines." Milton.

FOUND
Found, n.

Defn: A thin, single-cut file for combmakers.

FOUND
Found, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Founded; p. pr. & vb. n. Founding.] Etym:
[F. fonder, L. fundare, fr. fundus bottom. See 1st Bottom, and cf.
Founder, v. i., Fund.]

1. To lay the basis of; to set, or place, as on something solid, for
support; to ground; to establish upon a basis, literal or figurative;
to fix firmly.
I had else been perfect, Whole as the marble, founded as the rock.
Shak.
A man that all his time Hath founded his good fortunes on your love.
Shak.
It fell not, for it was founded on a rock. Matt. vii. 25.

2. To take the ffirst steps or measures in erecting or building up; to furnish the materials for beginning; to begin to raise; to originate; as, to found a college; to found a family. There they shall found Their government, and their great senate choose. Milton.

Syn.
— To base; ground; institute; establish; fix. See Predicate.

FOUNDATION Foun*da"tion, n. Etym: [F. fondation, L. fundatio. See Found to establish.]

1. The act of founding, fixing, establishing, or beginning to erect.

2. That upon which anything is founded; that on which anything stands, and by which it is supported; the lowest and supporting layer of a superstructure; groundwork; basis. Behold, I lay in Zion, for a foundation, a stone . . . a precious corner stone, a sure foundation. Is. xxviii. 16. The foundation of a free common wealth. Motley.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: The lowest and supporting part or member of a wall, including the base course (see Base course (a), under Base, n.) and footing courses; in a frame house, the whole substructure of masonry.

4. A donation or legacy appropriated to support a charitable institution, and constituting a permanent fund; endowment. He was entered on the foundation of Westminster. Macaulay.

5. That which is founded, or established by endowment; an endowed institution or charity. Against the canon laws of our foundation. Milton. Foundation course. See Base course, under Base, n. — Foundation muslin, an open-worked gummed fabric used for stiffening dresses, bonnets, etc. — Foundation school, in England, an endowed school. — To be on a foundation, to be entitled to a support from the proceeds of an endowment, as a scholar or a fellow of a college.

FOUNDATIONER
Foun*da"tion*er, n.

Defn: One who derives support from the funds or foundation of a college or school. [Eng.]

FOUNDATIONLESS
Foun*da"tion*less, a.

Defn: Having no foundation.

FOUNDER
Found"er, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. fondeor, F. fondateur, L. fundator.]

Defn: One who founds, establishes, and erects; one who lays a foundation; an author; one from whom anything originates; one who endows.

FOUNDER
Found"er, n. Etym: [From Found to cast.]

Defn: One who founds; one who casts metals in various forms; a
caster; as, a founder of cannon, bells, hardware, or types. Fonder's
dust. Same as Facing, 4.
— Founder's sand, a kind of sand suitable for purposes of molding.

FOUNDER
Found"er, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Foundered; p. pr. & vb. n. Foundering.]
Etym: [OF. fondrer to fall in, cf. F. s'effondrer, fr. fond bottom,
L. fundus. See Found to establish.]

1. (Naut.)

Defn: To become filled with water, and sink, as a ship.

2. To fall; to stumble and go lame, as a horse. For which his horse fearé gan to turn, And leep aside, and foundrede as he leep. Chaucer.

3. To fail; to miscarry. "All his tricks founder." Shak.

FOUNDER
Found"er, v. t.

Defn: To cause internal inflammation and soreness in the feet or limbs of (a horse), so as to disable or lame him.

FOUNDER Found"er, n. (Far.) (a) A lameness in the foot of a horse, occasioned by inflammation; closh. (b) An inflammatory fever of the body, or acute rheumatism; as, chest founder. See Chest ffounder. James White.

FOUNDEROUS
Foun"der*ous, a.

Defn: Difficult to travel; likely to trip one up; as, a founderous road. [R.] Burke.

FOUNDERSHAFT
Found"er*shaft`, n. (Mining)

Defn: The first shaft sunk. Raymond.

FOUNDERY
Found"er*y, n.; pl. Founderies. Etym: [F. fonderie, fr. fondre. See
Found to cast, and cf. Foundry.]

Defn: Same as Foundry.

FOUNDING
Found"ing, n.

Defn: The art of smelting and casting metals.

FOUNDLING Found"ling, n. Etym: [OE. foundling, fundling; finden to find + - ling; cf. fündling, findling. See Find, v. t., and -ling.]

Defn: A deserted or exposed infant; a child found without a parent or owner. Foundling hospital, a hospital for foundlings.

FOUNDRESS
Found"ress, n.

Defn: A female founder; a woman who founds or establishes, or who endows with a fund.

FOUNDRY
Found"ry, n.; pl. Foundries. Etym: [See Foundery.]

1. The act, process, or art of casting metals.

2. The buildings and works for casting metals. Foundry ladle, a vessel for holding molten metal and conveying it from cupola to the molds.

FOUNT
Fount, n. Etym: [See Font.] (Print.)

Defn: A font.

FOUNT
Fount, n. Etym: [OF. font, funt, fr. L. fons, fontis, a fountain; of
uncertain origin, perh. akin to fundere to pour, E. found to cast.
Cf. Font.]

Defn: A fountain.

FOUNTAIN
Foun"tain, n. Etym: [F. fontaine, LL. fontana, fr. L. fons, fontis.
See 2d Fount.]

1. A spring of water issuing from the earth.

2. An artificially produced jet or stream of water; also, the structure or works in which such a jet or stream rises or flows; a basin built and constantly supplied with pure water for drinking and other useful purposes, or for ornament.

3. A reservoir or chamber to contain a liquid which can be conducted or drawn off as needed for use; as, the ink fountain in a printing press, etc.

4. The source from which anything proceeds, or from which anything is supplied continuously; origin; source. Judea, the fountain of the gospel. Fuller. Author of all being, Fountain of light, thyself invisible. Milton. Air fountain. See under Air. — Fountain heead, primary source; original; first principle. Young. — Fountain inkstand, an inkstand having a continual supply of ink, as from elevated reservoir. — Fountain lamp, a lamp fed with oil from an elevated reservoir. — Fountain pen, a pen with a reservoir in the handle which furnishes a supply of ink. — Fountain pump. (a) A structure for a fountain, having the form of a pump. (b) A portable garden pump which throws a jet, for watering plants, etc. — Fountain shell (Zoöl.), the large West Indian conch shell (Strombus gigas). — Fountain of youth, a mythical fountain whose waters were fabled to have the property of renewing youth.

FOUNTAINLESS
Foun"tain*less, a.

Defn: Having no fountain; destitute of springs or sources of water.
Barren desert, fountainless and dry. Milton.

FOUNTFUL
Fount"ful, a.

Defn: Full of fountains. Pope.

FOUR Four, a. Etym: [OE. four, fower, feower, AS. feówer; akin to OS. fiwar, D. & G. vier, OHG. fior, Icel. fj, Sw. fyra, Dan. fire, Goth. fidw, Russ. chetuire, chetvero, W. pedwar, L. quatuor, Gr. catur. Farthing, Firkin, Forty, Cater four, Quater-cousin, Quatuor, Quire of paper, tetrarch.]

Defn: One more than three; twice two.

FOUR
Four, n.

1. The sum of four units; four units or objects.

2. A symbol representing four units, as 4 or iv.

3. Four things of the same kind, esp. four horses; as, a chariot and four. All fours. See All fours, in the Vocabulary.

FOURB; FOURBE
Fourb, Fourbe, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A trickly fellow; a cheat. [Obs.] Evelyn. Denham.

FOURCHE
Four`ché", a. Etym: [F. See Fo.] (Her.)

Defn: Having the ends forked or branched, and the ends of the branches terminating abruptly as if cut off; — said of an ordinary, especially of a cross.

FOURCHETTE
Four`chette", n. Etym: [F., dim. of fourche. See Fork.]

1. A table fork.

2. (Anat.) (a) A small fold of membrane, connecting the labia in the posterior part of the vulva. (b) The wishbone or furculum of birds. (c) The frog of the hoof of the horse and allied animals.

3. (Surg.)

Defn: An instrument used to raise and support the tongue during the cutting of the frænum.

4. (Glove Making)

Defn: The forked piece between two adjacent fingers, to which the front and back portions are sewed. Knight.

FOUR-CORNERED
Four"-cor`nered, a.

Defn: Having four corners or angles.

FOUR-CYCLE
Four"-cy`cle, n. (Thermodynamics)

Defn: A four-stroke cycle, as the Otto cycle, for an internal- combustion engine. — Four"-cy`cle, a.

FOURDRINIER
Four`dri`nier", n.

Defn: A machine used in making paper; — so named from an early inventor of improvements in this class of machinery.

FOURFOLD
Four"fold`, a. & adv. Etym: [AS. feówerfeold.]

Defn: Four times; quadruple; as, a fourfold division.
He snall restore the lamb fourfold. 2 Sam. xii. 6.

FOURFOLD
Four"fold`, n.

Defn: Four times as many or as much.

FOURFOLD
Four"fold`, v. t.

Defn: To make four times as much or as many, as an assessment,; to quadruple.

FOURFOOTED
Four"foot`ed, a.

Defn: Having four feet; quadruped; as, fourfooted beasts.

FOURGON Four`gon", n. Etym: [F.] (Mil.) (a)An ammunition wagon. (b) A French baggage wagon.

FOURHANDED
Four"hand`ed, a.

1. Having four hands; quadrumanous. Goldsmith.

2. Requiring four "hands" or players; as, a fourhanded game at cards.

FOURIERISM
Fou"ri*er*ism, n.

Defn: The coöperative socialistic system of Charles Fourier, a Frenchman, who recommended the reorganization of society into small communities, living in common.

FOURIERIST; FOURIERITE
Fou"ri*er*ist, Fou"ri*er*ite, n.

Defn: One who adopts the views of Fourier.

FOUR-IN-HAND
Four"-in-hand, a.

Defn: Consisting of four horses controlled by one person; as, a four- in-hand team; drawn by four horses driven by one person; as, a four- in-hand coach. — n.

Defn: A team of four horses driven by one person; also, a vehicle
drawn by such a team.
As quaint a four-in-hand As you shall see. Tennyson.

FOURLING
Four"ling, n.

1. One of four children born at the same time.

2. (Crystallog.)

Defn: A compound or twin crystal consisting of four individuals.

FOURNEAU
Four`neau", n. Etym: [F.] (Mil.)

Defn: The chamber of a mine in which the powder is placed.

FOUR-O'CLOCK
Four"-o'clock`, n.

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Mirabilis. There are about half a dozen species, natives of the warmer parts of America. The common four- o'clock is M. Jalapa. Its flowers are white, yellow, and red, and open toward sunset, or earlier in cloudy weather; hence the name. It is also called marvel of Peru, and afternoon lady.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The friar bird; — so called from its cry, which resembles these words.

FOURPENCE
Four"pence, n.

1. A British silver coin, worth four pence; a groat.

2. A name formerly given in New England to the Spanish half real, a silver coin worth six and a quarter cents.

FOUR-POSTER
Four"-post`er, n.

Defn: A large bedstead with tall posts at the corners to support curtains. [Colloq.]

FOURRIER
Four"rier (; F. , n. Etym: [F., fr. OF. forre. See Forage, n.]

Defn: A harbinger. [Obs.]

FOURSCORE
Four"score`, a. Etym: [Four + core, n.]

Defn: Four times twenty; eighty.

FOURSCORE
Four"score`, n.

Defn: The product of four times twenty; eighty units or objects.

FOURSOME
Four"some, a. [Four + 2d -some.]

Defn: Consisting of four; requiring four participants. [Scot. or
Golf]

FOURSOME
Four"some, n. (Golf)

Defn: A game between four players, with two on each side and each side playing but one ball, the partners striking alternately. It is called a mixed foursome when each side consists of a man and a woman.

FOURSQUARE
Four"square`, a.

Defn: Having four sides and four equal angles. Sir W. Raleigh.

FOURTEEN
Four"teen`, a. Etym: [OE. fourtene, feowertene, AS. feówert, feówert.
See Four, and Ten, and cf. Forty.]

Defn: Four and ten more; twice seven.

FOURTEEN
Four"teen`, n.

1. The sum of ten and four; forteen units or objects.

2. A symbol representing fourteen, as 14 or xiv.

FOURTEENTH Four"teenth`, a. Etym: [Cf. OE. fourtende, fourtethe, AS. feówerteoedha.]

1. Next in order after the thirteenth; as, the fourteenth day of the month.

2. Making or constituting one of fourteen equal parts into which anything may be derived.

FOURTEENTH
Four"teenth`, n.

1. One of fourteen equal parts into which one whole may be divided; the quotient of a unit divided by fourteen; one next after the thirteenth.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: The octave of the seventh.

FOURTH Fourth, a. Etym: [OE. fourthe, ferthe, feorthe, AS. feóredha, fr. feówer four.]

1. Next in order after the third; the ordinal of four.

2. Forming one of four equal parts into which anything may be divided.

FOURTH
Fourth, n.

1. One of four equal parts into which one whole may be divided; the quotient of a unit divided by four; one coming next in order after the third.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: The interval of two tones and a semitone, embracing four diatonic degrees of the scale; the subdominant of any key. The Fourth, specifically, un the United States, the fourth day of July, the anniversary of the declaration of American independence; as, to celebrate the Fourth.

FOURTHLY
Fourth"ly, adv.

Defn: In the fourth place.

FOUR-WAY
Four"-way`, a.

Defn: Allowing passage in either of four directions; as, a four-way cock, or valve. Francis. Four-way cock, a cock connected with four pipes or ports, and having two or more passages in the plug, by which the adjacent pipes or ports may be made to communicate; formerly used as a valve in the steam engine, and now for various other purposes. In the illustration, a leads to the upper end of a steam engine cylinder, and b to the lower end; c is the steam pipe, and d the exhaust pipe.

FOUR-WHEELED
Four"-wheeled`, a.

Defn: Having four wheels.

FOUR-WHEELER
Four"-wheel`er, n.

Defn: A vehicle having four wheels. [Colloq.]

FOUSSA
Fous"sa, n. Etym: [Natibe name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A viverrine animal of Madagascar (Cryptoprocta ferox). It resembles a cat in size and form, and has retractile claws.

FOUTER
Fou"ter, n. Etym: [F. foutre to lecher, L. futuere. Cf. Fouty.]

Defn: A despicable fellow. [Prov. Eng.] Brockett.

FOUTRA
Fou"tra, n. Etym: [See Fouter.]

Defn: A fig; — a word of contempt. [Obs.]
A foutra for the world and wordlings base! Shak.

FOUTY
Fou"ty, a. Etym: [Cf. F. foutu, p.p. of foutre; OF. foutu scoundrel.
See Fouter.]

Defn: Despicable. [Obs.]

FOVEA
Fo"ve*a, n.; pl. Foveæ. Etym: [L., a small pit.]

Defn: A slight depression or pit; a fossa.

FOVEATE
Fo"ve*ate, a. Etym: [L. fovea a pit.]

Defn: Having pits or depressions; pitted.

FOVEOLA
Fo*ve"o*la, n.; pl. Foveolæ. Etym: [NL., dim. of L. fovea.]

Defn: A small depression or pit; a fovea.

FOVEOLATE
Fo"ve*o*late ( or ), a.

Defn: Having small pits or depression, as the receptacle in some composite flowers.

FOVEOLATED
Fo"ve*o*la`ted, a.

Defn: Foveolate.

FOVILLA
Fo*vil"la, n.; pl. Fovillæ. Etym: [Dim. fr. L. fovere to cherish.]
(Bot.)

Defn: One of the fine granules contained in the protoplasm of a pollen grain.

FOWL
Fowl, n.

Note: Instead of the pl. Fowls the singular is often used collectively. Etym: [OE. foul, fowel, foghel, fuhel, fugel, AS. fugol; akin to OS. fugal D. & G. vogel, OHG. fogal, Icel. & Dan. fugl, Sw. fogel, fågel, Goth. fugls; of unknown origin, possibly by loss of l, from the root of E. fly, or akin to E. fox, as being a tailed animal.]

1. Any bird; esp., any large edible bird.
Let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of
the air. Gen. i. 26.
Behold the fowls of the air; for they sow not. Matt. vi. 26.
Like a flight of fowl Scattered by winds and high tempestuous gusts.
Shak.

2. Any domesticated bird used as food, as a hen, turkey, duck; in a more restricted sense, the common domestic cock or hen (Gallus domesticus). Barndoor fowl, or Barnyard fowl, a fowl that frequents the barnyard; the common domestic cock or hen.

FOWL
Fowl, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fowled; p. pr. & vb. n. Fowling.]

Defn: To catch or kill wild fowl, for game or food, as by shooting,
or by decoys, nets, etc.
Such persons as may lawfully hunt, fish, or fowl. Blackstone.
Fowling piece, a light gun with smooth bore, adapted for the use of
small shot in killing birds or small quadrupeds.

FOWLER
Fowl"er, n.

Defn: A sportsman who pursues wild fowl, or takes or kills for food.

FOWLERITE
Fow"ler*ite, n. Etym: [From Dr. Samuel Fowler.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of rhodonite, from Franklin Furnace, New Jersey, containing some zinc.

FOWLER'S SOLUTION
Fow"ler's so*lu"tion

Defn: . An Fowler, an English physician who first brought it into use.

FOX Fox, n.; pl. Foxes. Etym: [AS. fox; akin to D. vos, G. fuchs, OHG. fuhs, foha, Goth. faúh, Icel. f fox, fox fraud; of unknown origin, cf. Skr. puccha tail. Cf. Vixen.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A carnivorous animal of the genus Vulpes, family Canidæ, of many species. The European fox (V. vulgaris or V. vulpes), the American red fox (V. fulvus), the American gray fox (V. Virginianus), and the arctic, white, or blue, fox (V. lagopus) are well-known species.

Note: The black or silver-gray fox is a variety of the American red fox, producing a fur of great value; the cross-gray and woods-gray foxes are other varieties of the same species, of less value. The common foxes of Europe and America are very similar; both are celebrated for their craftiness. They feed on wild birds, poultry, and various small animals. Subtle as the fox for prey. Shak.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European dragonet.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The fox shark or thrasher shark; — called also sea fox. See
Thrasher shark, under Shark.

4. A sly, cunning fellow. [Colloq.] We call a crafty and cruel man a fox. Beattie.

5. (Naut.)

Defn: Rope yarn twisted together, and rubbed with tar; — used for seizings or mats.

6. A sword; — so called from the stamp of a fox on the blade, or perhaps of a wolf taken for a fox. [Obs.] Thou diest on point of fox. Shak.

7. pl. (Enthnol.)

Defn: A tribe of Indians which, with the Sacs, formerly occupied the region about Green Bay, Wisconsin; — called also Outagamies. Fox and geese. (a) A boy's game, in which one boy tries to catch others as they run one goal to another. (b) A game with sixteen checkers, or some substitute for them, one of which is called the fox, and the rest the geese; the fox, whose first position is in the middle of the board, endeavors to break through the line of the geese, and the geese to pen up the fox. — Fox bat (Zoöl.), a large fruit bat of the genus Pteropus, of many species, inhabiting Asia, Africa, and the East Indies, esp. P. medius of India. Some of the species are more than four feet across the outspread wings. See Fruit bat. — Fox bolt, a bolt having a split end to receive a fox wedge. — Fox brush (Zoöl.), the tail of a fox. — Fox evil, a disease in which the hair falls off; alopecy. — Fox grape (Bot.), the name of two species of American grapes. The northern fox grape (Vitis Labrusca) is the origin of the varieties called Isabella, Concord, Hartford, etc., and the southern fox grape (Vitis vulpina) has produced the Scuppernong, and probably the Catawba. — Fox hunter. (a) One who pursues foxes with hounds. (b) A horse ridden in a fox chase. — Fox shark (Zoöl.), the thrasher shark. See Thrasher shark, under Thrasher. — Fox sleep, pretended sleep. — Fox sparrow (Zoöl.), a large American sparrow (Passerella iliaca); — so called on account of its reddish color. — Fox squirrel (Zoöl.), a large North American squirrel (Sciurus niger, or S. cinereus). In the Southern States the black variety prevails; farther north the fulvous and gray variety, called the cat squirrel, is more common. — Fox terrier (Zoöl.), one of a peculiar breed of terriers, used in hunting to drive foxes from their holes, and for other purposes. There are rough- and smooth-haired varieties. — Fox trot, a pace like that which is adopted for a few steps, by a horse, when passing from a walk into a trot, or a trot into a walk. — Fox wedge (Mach. & Carpentry), a wedge for expanding the split end of a bolt, cotter, dowel, tenon, or other piece, to fasten the end in a hole or mortise and prevent withdrawal. The wedge abuts on the bottom of the hole and the piece is driven down upon it. Fastening by fox wedges is called foxtail wedging. — Fox wolf (Zoöl.), one of several South American wild dogs, belonging to the genus Canis. They have long, bushy tails like a fox.

FOX
Fox, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Foxed; p. pr. & vb. n. Foxing.] Etym: [See
Fox, n., cf. Icel. fox imposture.]

1. To intoxicate; to stupefy with drink. I drank . . . so much wine that I was almost foxed. Pepys.

2. To make sour, as beer, by causing it to ferment.

3. To repair the feet of, as of boots, with new front upper leather, or to piece the upper fronts of.

FOX
Fox, v. i.

Defn: To turn sour; — said of beer, etc., when it sours in fermenting.

FOXEARTH
Fox"earth`, n.

Defn: A hole in the earth to which a fox resorts to hide himself.

FRACAS Fra"cas (; F. , n. Etym: [F., crash, din, tumult, It. fracasso, fr. fracassare to break in pieces, perh. fr. fra within, among (L. infra) + cassare to annul, cashier. Cf. Cashier, v. t.]

Defn: An uproar; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl.

FOXED
Foxed, a.

1. Discolored or stained; — said of timber, and also of the paper of books or engravings.

2. Repaired by foxing; as, foxed boots.

FOXERY
Fox"e*ry, n.

Defn: Behavior like that of a fox; [Obs.] Chaucer.

FOXES
Fox"es, n. pl. (Ethnol.)

Defn: See Fox, n., 7.

FOXFISH Fox"fish`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The fox shark; — called also sea fox. See Thrasher shark, under Shark. (b) The european dragonet. See Dragonet.

FOXGLOVE
Fox"glove`, n. Etym: [AS. foxes-gl, foxes-clife.] (Bot.)

Defn: Any plant of the genus Digitalis. The common English foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) is a handsome perennial or biennial plant, whose leaves are used as a powerful medicine, both as a sedative and diuretic. See Digitalis. Pan through the pastures oftentimes hath run To pluck the speckled foxgloves from their stem. W. Browne.

FOXHOUND
Fox"hound`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a special breed of hounds used for chasing foxes.

FOX-HUNTING
Fox"-hunt`ing, a.

Defn: Pertaining to or engaged in the hunting of foxes; fond of hunting foxes.

FOXINESS
Fox"i*ness, n.

1. The state or quality of being foxy, or foxlike; craftiness; shrewdness.

2. The state of being foxed or discolored, as books; decay; deterioration.

3. A coarse and sour taste in grapes.

FOXISH
Fox"ish, a.

Defn: Foxlike. [Obs.]

FOXLIKE
Fox"like`, a.

Defn: Resembling a fox in his characteristic qualities; cunning; artful; foxy.

FOXLY
Fox"ly, a.

Defn: Foxlike. [Obs.] "Foxly craft." Latimer.

FOXSHIP
Fox"ship, n.

Defn: Foxiness; craftiness. [R.] Shak.

FOXTAIL
Fox"tail`, n.

1. The tail or brush of a fox.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The name of several kinds of grass having a soft dense head of flowers, mostly the species of Alopecurus and Setaria.

3. (Metal.)

Defn: The last cinders obtained in the fining process. Raymond.
Foxtail saw, a dovetail saw.
— Foxtail wedging. See Fox wedge, under Fox.

FOXY
Fox"y, a.

1. Like or pertaining to the fox; foxlike in disposition or looks; wily. Modred's narrow, foxy face. Tennyson.

2. Having the color of a fox; of a yellowish or reddish brown color; — applied sometimes to paintings when they have too much of this color.

3. Having the odor of a fox; rank; strong smeelling.

4. Sour; unpleasant in taste; — said of wine, beer, etc., not properly fermented; — also of grapes which have the coarse flavor of the fox grape.

FOY
Foy, n. Etym: [F. foi, old spelling foy, faith. See Faith.]

1. Faith; allegiance; fealty. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. A feast given by one about to leave a place. [Obs.] He did at the Dog give me, and some other friends of his, his foy, he being to set sail to-day. Pepys.

FOYER
Foy`er", n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. focarium fireplace. See Focus, n.]

1. A lobby in a theater; a greenroom.

2. The crucible or basin in a furnace which receives the molten metal. Knight.

FOYSON
Foy"son, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Foison.

FOZINESS
Fo"zi*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being fozy; spiritlessness; dullness. [Scot.]
[The Whigs'] foziness can no longer be concealed. Blackwood's.

FOZY
Fo"zy, a.

Defn: Spongy; soft; fat and puffy. [Scot.]

FRA
Fra, adv. & prep. Etym: [OE.]

Defn: Fro. [Old Eng. & Scot.]

FRA
Fra, n. Etym: [It., for frate. See Friar.]

Defn: Brother; — a title of a monk of friar; as, Fra Angelo.
Longfellow.

FRAB
Frab, v. i. & t.

Defn: To scold; to nag. [Prov. Eng.]

FRABBIT
Frab"bit, a.

Defn: Crabbed; peevish. [Prov. Eng.]

FRACHO
Fracho, n.

Defn: A shallow iron pan to hold glass ware while being annealed.

FRACID
Frac"id, a. Etym: [L. fracidus mellow, soft.]

Defn: Rotten from being too ripe; overripe. [Obs.] Blount.

FRACT
Fract, v. t. Etym: [L. fractus, p.p. of frangere to break.]

Defn: To break; to violate. [Obs.] Shak.

FRACTED
Frac"ted, a. (Her.)

Defn: Having a part displaced, as if broken; — said of an ordinary.
Macaulay.

FRACTION Frac"tion, n. Etym: [F. fraction, L. fractio a breaking, fr. frangere, fractum, to break. See Break.]

1. The act of breaking, or state of being broken, especially by violence. [Obs.] Neither can the natural body of Christ be subject to any fraction or breaking up. Foxe.

2. A portion; a fragment. Some niggard fractions of an hour. Tennyson.

3. (Arith. or Alg.)

Defn: One or more aliquot parts of a unit or whole number; an expression for a definite portion of a unit or magnitude. Common, or Vulgar, fraction, a fraction in which the number of equal parts into which the integer is supposed to be divided is indicated by figures or letters, called the denominator, written below a line, over which is the numerator, indicating the number of these parts included in the fraction; as — Complex fraction, a fraction having a fraction or mixed number in the numerator or denominator, or in both. Davies & Peck. — Compound fraction, a fraction of a fraction; two or more fractions connected by of. — Continued fraction, Decimal fraction, Partial fraction, etc. See under Continued, Decimal, Partial, etc. — Improper fraction, a fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator. — Proper fraction, a fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator.

FRACTION
Frac"tion, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To separate by means of, or to subject to, fractional distillation or crystallization; to fractionate; — frequently used with out; as, to fraction out a certain grade of oil from pretroleum.

FRACTIONAL
Frac"tion*al, a.

1. Of or pertaining to fractions or a fraction; constituting a fraction; as, fractional numbers.

2. Relatively small; inconsiderable; insignificant; as, a fractional part of the population. Fractional crystallization (Chem.), a process of gradual and approximate purification and separation, by means of repeated solution and crystallization therefrom. — Fractional currency, small coin, or paper notes, in circulation, of less value than the monetary unit. — Fractional distillation (Chem.), a process of distillation so conducted that a mixture of liquids, differing considerably from each other in their boiling points, can be separated into its constituents.

FRACTIONALLY
Frac"tion*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By fractions or separate portions; as, to distill a liquid fractionally, that is, so as to separate different portions.

FRACTIONARY
Frac"tion*a*ry, a.

Defn: Fractional. [Obs.]

FRACTIONATE
Frac"tion*ate, v. t.

Defn: To separate into different portions or fractions, as in the distillation of liquids.

FRACTIOUS Frac"tious, a. Etym: [Cf. Prov. E. frack forward, eager, E. freak, fridge; or Prov. E. fratch to squabble, quarrel.]

Defn: Apt to break out into a passion; apt to scold; cross; snappish; ugly; unruly; as, a fractious man; a fractious horse.

Syn.
— Snappish; peevish; waspish; cross; irritable; perverse; pettish.
— Frac"tious*ly, v.
— Frac"tious*ness, n.

FRACTURAL
Frac"tur*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or consequent on, a fracture. [R.]

FRACTURE Frac"ture, n. Etym: [L. fractura, fr. frangere, fractum, to break: cf. F. fracture. See Fraction.]

1. The act of breaking or snapping asunder; rupture; breach.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: The breaking of a bone.

3. (Min.)

Defn: The texture of a freshly broken surface; as, a compact fracture; an even, hackly, or conchoidal fracture. Comminuted fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which the bone is broken into several parts. — Complicated fracture (Surg.), a fracture of the bone combined with the lesion of some artery, nervous trunk, or joint. — Compound fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which there is an open wound from the surface down to the fracture. — Simple fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which the bone only is ruptured. It does not communicate with the surface by an open wound.

Syn. — Fracture, Rupture. These words denote different kinds of breaking, according to the objects to which they are applied. Fracture is applied to hard substances; as, the fracture of a bone. Rupture is oftener applied to soft substances; as, the rupture of a blood vessel. It is also used figuratively. "To be an enemy and once to have been a friend, does it not embitter the rupture" South.

FRACTURE
Frac"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fractured (#; 135); p. pr. & vb. n..
Fracturing.] Etym: [Cf. F. fracturer.]

Defn: To cause a fracture or fractures in; to break; to burst asunder; to crack; to separate the continuous parts of; as, to fracture a bone; to fracture the skull.

FRAENULUM Fræn"u*lum, n.; pl. Frænula. Etym: [NL., dim. of L. fraenum a bridle.] (Anat.)

Defn: A frænum.

FRAENUM; FRENUM Fræ"num, or; Fre"num, n.; pl. E. Frænums, L. Fræna. Etym: [L., a bridle.] (Anat.)

Defn: A connecting fold of membrane serving to support or restrain any part; as, the frænum of the tongue.

FRAGILE Frag"ile, a. Etym: [L. fragilis, from frangere to break; cf. F. fragile. See Break, v. t., and cf. Frail, a.]

Defn: Easily broken; brittle; frail; delicate; easily destroyed.
The state of ivy is tough, and not fragile. Bacon.

Syn.
— Brittle; infirm; weak; frail; frangible; slight.
— Frag"ile*ly, adv.

FRAGILITY
Fra*gil"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. fragilitas: cf. F. fragilité. Cf.
Frailty.]

1. The condition or quality of being fragile; brittleness; frangibility. Bacon.

2. Weakness; feebleness. An appearance of delicacy, and even of fragility, is almost essential to it [beauty]. Burke.

3. Liability to error and sin; frailty. [Obs.] The fragility and youthful folly of Qu. Fabius. Holland.

FRAGMENT Frag"ment, n. Etym: [L. fragmentum, fr. frangere to break: cf. F. fragment. See Break, v. t.]

Defn: A part broken off; a small, detached portion; an imperfect part; as, a fragment of an ancient writing. Gather up the fragments that remain. John vi. 12.

FRAGMENTAL
Frag*men"tal, a.

1. Fragmentary.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Consisting of the pulverized or fragmentary material of rock, as conglomerate, shale, etc.

FRAGMENTAL
Frag*men"tal, n. (Geol.)

Defn: A fragmentary rock.

FRAGMENTARILY
Frag"men*ta*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a fragmentary manner; piecemeal.

FRAGMENTARINESS
Frag"men*ta*ri*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or property of being in fragnebts, or broken pieces, incompleteness; want of continuity. G. Eliot.

FRAGMENTARY
Frag"men*ta*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. fragmentaire.]

1. Composed of fragments, or broken pieces; disconnected; not complete or entire. Donne.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Composed of the fragments of other rocks.

FRAGMENTED
Frag"ment*ed, a.

Defn: Broken into fragments.

FRAGMENTIST
Frag"ment*ist, n.

Defn: A writer of fragments; as, the fragmentist of Wolfenbüttel.
[R.]

FRAGOR Fra"gor (, n. Etym: [L., a breaking to pieces, fr. frangere to break.]

1. A loud and sudden sound; the report of anything bursting; a crash. I. Watts.

2.

Note: [Due to confusion with fragrant.]

Defn: A strong or sweet scent. [Obs. & Illegitimate.] Sir T. Herbert.

FRAGRANCE; FRAGRANCY
Fra"grance, Fra"gran*cy, n. Etym: [L. fragrantia: cf. OF. fragrance.]

Defn: The quality of being fragrant; sweetness of smell; a sweet
smell; a pleasing odor; perfume.
Eve separate he spies, Veiled in a cloud of fragrance. Milton.
The goblet crowned, Breathed aromatic fragrancies around. Pope.

FRAGRANT
Fra"grant, a.

Defn: [fragrans. -antis, p.pr. of fragrare to emit a smell of fragrance: cf. OF. fragrant. Affecting the olfactory nerves agreeably; sweet of smell; odorous; having or emitting an agreeable perfume. Fragrant the fertile earth After soft showers. Milton.

Syn.
— Sweet-smelling; odorous; odoriferous; swetacented; redolent;
ambrosial; balmy; spicy; aromatic.
— Fra"grant*ly, adv.

FRAIGHT
Fraight, a.

Defn: Same as Fraught. [Obs.] Spenser.

FRAIL
Frail, n. Etym: [OE. fraiel, fraile, OF. fraiel, freel, frael, fr.
LL. fraellum.]

Defn: A basket made of rushes, used chiefly for containing figs and raisins.

2. The quantity of raisins — about thirty-two, fifty-six, or seventy-five pounds, — contained in a frail.

3. A rush for weaving baskets. Johnson.

FRAIL Frail, a. [Compar. Frailer; superl. Frailest.] Etym: [OE. frele, freile, OF. fraile, frele, F. frêle, fr. L. fragilis. See Fragile.]

1. Easily broken; fragile; not firm or durable; liable to fail and perish; easily destroyed; not tenacious of life; weak; infirm. That I may know how frail I am. Ps. xxxix. 4. An old bent man, worn and frail. Lowell.

2. Tender. [Obs.] Deep indignation and compassion. Spenser.

3. Liable to fall from virtue or be led into sin; not strong against temptation; weak in resolution; also, unchaste; — often applied to fallen women. Man is frail, and prone to evil. Jer. Taylor.

FRAILLY
Frail"ly, adv.

Defn: Weakly; infirmly.

FRAILNESS
Frail"ness, n.

Defn: Frailty.

FRAILTY Frail"ty, n.; pl. Frailties. Etym: [OE. frelete, freilte, OF. fraileté, fr. L. fragilitas. See Frail, a., and cf. Fragility.]

1. The condition quality of being frail, physically, mentally, or morally, frailness; infirmity; weakness of resolution; liableness to be deceived or seduced. God knows our frailty, [and] pities our weakness. Locke.

2. A fault proceeding from weakness; foible; sin of infirmity.

Syn.
— Frailness; fragility; imperfection; failing.

FRAISCHEUR Frai"scheur, n. Etym: [OF.; F fraicheur, fr. frais, fem. fra, fresh; of German origin. See Frash, a.]

Defn: Freshness; coolness. [R.] Dryden.

FRAISE
Fraise, n. Etym: [See Froise.]

Defn: A large and thick pancake, with slices of bacon in it. [Obs.]
Johnson.

FRAISE Fraise, n. Etym: [F. fraise, orig., a ruff, cf. F. frise frieze, E. frieze a coarse stuff.]

1. (Fort.)

Defn: A defense consisting of pointed stakes driven into the ramparts in a horizontal or inclined position.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: A fluted reamer for enlarging holes in stone; a small milling cutter.

FRAISE
Fraise, v. t. (Mil.)

Defn: To protect, as a line of troops, against an onset of cavalry, by opposing bayonets raised obliquely forward. Wilhelm.

FRAISED
Fraised, a.

Defn: Fortified with a fraise.

FRAKEN
Frak"en, n.

Defn: A freckle. [Obs.]
A few fraknes in his face. Chaucer.

FRAMABLE
Fram"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being framed.

FRAMBAESIA
Fram*bæ"si*a, n. Etym: [F. & NL., fr. F. framboise raspberry.] (Med.)

Defn: The yaws. See Yaws.

FRAME Frame, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Framed; p. pr. & vb. n. Framing.] Etym: [OE. framen, fremen, to execute, build, AS. fremman to further, perform, effect, fr. fram strong, valiant; akin to E. foremost, and prob. to AS. fram from, Icel. fremja, frama, to further, framr forward, G. fromm worthy, excellent, pious. See Foremost, From, and cf. Furnish.]

1. (Arch. & Engin.)

Defn: To construct by fitting and uniting the several parts of the skeleton of any structure; specifically, in woodwork, to put together by cutting parts of one member to fit parts of another. See Dovetail, Halve, v. t., Miter, Tenon, Tooth, Tusk, Scarf, and Splice.

2. To originate; to plan; to devise; to contrive; to compose; in a bad sense, to invent or fabricate, as something false. How many excellent reasonings are framed in the mind of a man of wisdom and study in a length of years. I. Watts.

3. To fit to something else, or for some specific end; to adjust; to regulate; to shape; to conform. And frame my face to all occasions. Shak. We may in some measure frame our minds for the reception of happiness. Landor. The human mind is framed to be influenced. I. Taylor.

4. To cause; to bring about; to produce. [Obs.] Fear frames disorder, and disorder wounds. Shak.

5. To support. [Obs. & R.] That on a staff his feeble steps did frame. Spenser.

6. To provide with a frame, as a picture.

FRAME
Frame, v. i.

1. To shape; to arrange, as the organs of speech. [Obs.] Judg. xii. 6.

2. To proceed; to go. [Obs.] The bauty of this sinful dame Made many princes thither frame. Shak.

FRAME
Frame, n.

1. Anything composed of parts fitted and united together; a fabric; a structure; esp., the constructional system, whether of timber or metal, that gives to a building, vessel, etc., its model and strength; the skeleton of a structure. These are thy glorius works, Parent of good, Almighty! thine this universal frame. Milton.

2. The bodily structure; physical constitution; make or build of a
person.
Some bloody passion shakes your very frame. Shak.
No frames could be strong enough to endure it. Prescott.

3. A kind of open case or structure made for admitting, inclosing, or supporting things, as that which incloses or contains a window, door, picture, etc.; that on which anything is held or stretched; as: (a) The skeleton structure which supports the boiler and machinery of a locomotive upon its wheels. (b) (Founding) A molding box or flask, which being filled with sand serves as a mold for castings. (c) The ribs and stretchers of an umbrella or other structure with a fabric covering. (d) A structure of four bars, adjustable in size, on which cloth, etc., is stretched for quilting, embroidery, etc. (e) (Hort.) A glazed portable structure for protecting young plants from frost. (f) (Print.) A stand to support the type cases for use by the compositor.

4. (Mach.)

Defn: A term applied, especially in England, to certain machines built upon or within framework; as, a stocking frame; lace frame; spinning frame, etc.

5. Form; shape; proportion; scheme; structure; constitution; system; as, a frameof government. She that hath a heart of that fine frame To pay this debt of love but to a brother. Shak. Put your discourse into some frame. Shak.

6. Particular state or disposition, as of the mind; humor; temper; mood; as, to be always in a happy frame.

7. Contrivance; the act of devising or scheming. [Obs.] John the bastard Whose spirits toil in frame of villainies. Shak. Balloon frame, Cant frames, etc. See under Balloon, Cant, etc. — Frame building or house, a building of which the form and support is made of framed timbers. [U.S.] — Frame level, a mason's level. — Frame saw, a thin saw stretched in a frame to give it rigidity.

FRAMER
Fram"er, n.

Defn: One who frames; as, the framer of a building; the framers of the Constitution.

FRAME-UP
Frame"-up`, n.

Defn: A conspiracy or plot, esp. for a malicious or evil purpose, as to incriminate a person on false evidence. [Slang]

FRAMEWORK
Frame"work`, n.

1. The work of framing, or the completed work; the frame or constructional part of anything; as, the framework of society. A staunch and solid piece of framework. Milton.

2. Work done in, or by means of, a frame or loom.

FRAMING
Fram"ing, n.

1. The act, process, or style of putting together a frame, or of constructing anything; a frame; that which frames.

2. (Arch. & Engin.)

Defn: A framework, or a sy Framing chisel (Carp.), a heavy chisel with a socket shank for making mortises.

FRAMPEL; FRAMPOID Fram"pel, Fram"poid, a. Etym: [Also written frampul, frampled, framfold.] Etym: [Cf. W. fframfol passionate, ffrom angry, fretting; or perh. akin to E. frump.]

Defn: Peevish; cross; vexatious; quarrelsome. [Obs.] Shak.
Is Pompey grown so malapert, so frampel Beau. & Fl.

FRANC
Franc, n. Etym: [F., fr. franc a Franc. See Frank, a.]

Defn: A silver coin of France, and since 1795 the unit of the French monetary system. It has been adopted by Belgium and Swizerland. It is equivalent to about nineteen cents, or ten pence, and is divided into 100 centimes.

FRANCHISE
Fran"chise ( or ; 277), n. Etym: [F., fr. franc, fem. franche, free.
See Frank, a.]

1. Exemption from constraint or oppression; freedom; liberty. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. (LAw)

Defn: A particular privilege conferred by grant from a sovereign or a government, and vested in individuals; an imunity or exemption from ordinary jurisdiction; a constitutional or statutory right or privilege, esp. the right to vote. Election by universal suffrage, as modified by the Constitution, is the one crowning franchise of the American people. W. H. Seward.

3. The district or jurisdiction to which a particular privilege extends; the limits of an immunity; hence, an asylum or sanctuary. Churches and mobasteries in Spain are franchises for criminals. London Encyc.

4. Magnanimity; generosity; liberality; frankness; nobility. "Franchise in woman." [Obs.] Chaucer. Elective franchise, the privilege or right of voting in an election of public officers.

FRANCHISE
Fran"chise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Franchised; p. pr. & vb. n.
Franchising.] Etym: [Cf. OF. franchir to free, F., to cross.]

Defn: To make free; to enfranchise; to give liberty to. Shak.

FRANCHISEMENT
Fran"chise*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. franchissement.]

Defn: Release; deliverance; freedom. Spenser.

FRANCIC
Fran"cic, a. Etym: [See Frank, a.]

Defn: Pertaining to the Franks, or their language; Frankish.

FRANCISCAN
Fran*cis"can, a. Etym: [LL. Franciscus Francis: cf. F. franciscain.]
(R. C. Ch.)

Defn: Belonging to the Order of St. Francis of the Franciscans. Franciscan Brothers, pious laymen who devote themselves to useful works, such as manual labor schools, and other educational institutions; — called also Brothers of the Third Order of St. Francis. — Franciscan Nuns, nuns who follow the rule of t. Francis, esp. those of the Second Order of St. Francis, — called also Poor Clares or Minoresses. — Franciscan Tertiaries, the Third Order of St. Francis.

FRANCISCAN
Fran*cis"can, n. (R.C.Ch.)

Defn: A monk or friar of the Order of St. Francis, a large and
zealous order of mendicant monks founded in 1209 by St. Francis of
Assisi. They are called also Friars Minor; and in England, Gray
Friars, because they wear a gray habit.

FRANCOLIN
Fran"co*lin, n. Etym: [F.; cf. It. francolino, Sp. francolin.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A spurred partidge of the genus Francolinus and allied genera, of Asia and Africa. The common species (F. vulgaris) was formerly common in southern Europe, but is now nearly restricted to Asia.

FRANCOLITE
Fran"co*lite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A variety of apatite from Wheal Franco in Devonshire.

FRANC-TIREUR Franc"-ti`reur", n. [F., fr. franc free + tireur shooter, fr. tirer to shoot.] (Mil.)

Defn: A French partisan soldier, or one belonging to a corps of detached light troops engaged in forays, skirmishes, scouting, etc.

FRANGENT
Fran"gent, a. Etym: [L. frangens, p.pr. of frangere. See Fraction.]

Defn: Causing fracture; breaking. [R.] H. Walpole.

FRANGIBILITY
Fran`gi*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. frangibilité.]

Defn: The state or quality of being frangible. Fox.

FRANGIBLE
Fran"gi*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. frangible.]

Defn: Capable of being broken; brittle; fragile; easily broken.

FRANGIPANE Fran"gi*pane, n. Etym: [F. frangipane; supposed to be called so from the inventor, the Marquis Frangipani, major general under Louis XIV.]

1. A perfume of jasmine; frangipani.

2. A species of pastry, containing cream and almonds.

FRANGIPANI; FRANGIPANNI Fran`gi*pan"i, Fran`gi*pan"ni, n. Etym: [Another spelling of frangipane.]

Defn: A perfume derived from, or imitating the odor of, the flower of the red jasmine, a West Indian tree of the genus Plumeria.

FRANGULIC; FRANGULINIC
Fran*gu"lic, Fran`gu*lin"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or drived from, frangulin, or a species (Rhamnus Frangula) of the buckthorn. Frangulinic acid (Chem.), a yellow crystalline substance, resembling alizarin, and obtained by the decomposition of frangulin.

FRANGULIN
Fran"gu*lin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A yellow crystalline dyestuff, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from a species (Rhamnus Frangula) of the buckthorn; — called also rhamnoxanthin.

FRANION
Fran"ion, n. Etym: [Perh. from F. fainéant an idler.]

Defn: A paramour; a loose woman; also, a gay, idle fellow. [Obs.]
Spenser.

FRANK
Frank, n. Etym: [OF. franc.]

Defn: A pigsty. [Obs.]

FRANK
Frank, v. t.

Defn: To shut up in a frank or sty; to pen up; hence, to cram; to fatten. [Obs.] Shak.

FRANK
Frank, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The common heron; — so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.]

FRANK Frank, a. [Compar Franker; superl. Frankest.] Etym: [F. franc free, frank, L. Francus a Frank, fr. OHG. Franko the name of a Germanic people on the Rhine, who afterward founded the French monarchy; cf. AS. franca javelin, Icel. frakka. Cf. Franc, French, a., Franchise, n.]

1. Unbounded by restrictions, limitations, etc.; free. [R.] "It is of frank gift." Spenser.

2. Free in uttering one's real sentiments; not reserved; using no disguise; candid; ingenuous; as, a frank nature, conversation, manner, etc.

3. Liberal; generous; profuse. [Obs.] Frank of civilities that cost them nothing. L'Estrange.

4. Unrestrained; loose; licentious; — used in a bad sense. Spenser.

Syn. — Ingenuous; candid; artless; plain; open; unreserved; undisguised; sincere. See Candid, Ingenuous.

FRANK
Frank, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Franked; p. pr. & vb. n. Franking.]

1. To send by public conveyance free of expense. Dickens.

2. To extempt from charge for postage, as a letter, package, or packet, etc.

FRANK
Frank, n. Etym: [See Frank, a.]

Defn: The privilege of sending letters or other mail matter, free of postage, or without charge; also, the sign, mark, or signature denoting that a letter or other mail matter is to free of postage. I have said so much, that, if I had not a frank, I must burn my letter and begin again. Cowper.

FRANK
Frank, n. Etym: [Cf. F. franc. See Frank, a.]

1. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A member of one of the German tribes that in the fifth century overran and conquered Gaul, and established the kingdom of France.

2. A native or inhabitant of Western Europe; a European; — a term used in the Levant.

3. A French coin. See Franc.

FRANKALMOIGNE Frank`al*moigne", n. Etym: [F. franc free + Norm. F. almoigne alma, for almosne, F. aumône. See Frank, a., and Almoner.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: A tenure by which a religious corporation holds lands given to them and their successors forever, usually on condition of praying for the soul of the donor and his heirs; — called also tenure by free alms. Burrill.

FRANK-CHASE
Frank"-chase`, n. Etym: [Frank free + chase.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: The liberty or franchise of having a chase; free chase.
Burrill.

FRANK-FEE
Frank"-fee`, n. Etym: [Frank free + fee.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: A species of tenure in fee simple, being the opposite of ancient demesne, or copyhold. Burrill.

FRANKFORT BLACK
Frank"fort black`

Defn: . A black pigment used in copperplate printing, prepared by burning vine twigs, the lees of wine, etc. McElrath.

FRANKINCENSE
Frank"in*cense, n. Etym: [OF. franc free, pure + encens incense.]

Defn: A fragrant, aromatic resin, or gum resin, burned as an incense in religious rites or for medicinal fumigation. The best kinds now come from East Indian trees, of the genus Boswellia; a commoner sort, from the Norway spruce (Abies excelsa) and other coniferous trees. The frankincense of the ancient Jews is still unidentified.

FRANKING
Frank"ing, n. (Carp.)

Defn: A method of forming a joint at the intersection of window-sash bars, by cutting away only enough wood to show a miter.

FRANKISH
Frank"ish, a.

Defn: Like, or pertaining to, the Franks.

FRANK-LAW
Frank"-law`, n. Etym: [Frank free + law.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: The liberty of being sworn in courts, as a juror or witness; one of the ancient privileges of a freeman; free and common law; — an obsolete expression signifying substantially the same as the American expression civil rights. Abbot.

FRANKLIN Frank"lin, n. Etym: [OE. frankelein; cf. LL. franchilanus. See Frank, a.]

Defn: An English freeholder, or substantial householder. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
The franklin, a small landholder of those days. Sir J. Stephen.

FRANKLINIC
Frank*lin"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Benjamin Franklin. Franklinic electricity, electricity produced by friction; called also statical electricity.

FRANKLINITE
Frank"lin*ite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A kind of mineral of the spinel group.

FRANKLIN STOVE
Frank"lin stove`

Defn: . A kind of open stove introduced by Benjamin Franklin, the peculiar feature of which was that a current of heated air was directly supplied to the room from an air box; — now applied to other varieties of open stoves.

FRANKLY
Frank"ly, adv.

Defn: In a frank manner; freely.
Very frankly he confessed his treasons. Shak.

Syn. — Openly; ingenuously; plainly; unreservedly; undisguisedly; sincerely; candidly; artlessly; freely; readily; unhesitatingly; liberally; willingly.

FRANK-MARRIAGE
Frank"-mar"riage, n. Etym: [Frank free + marriage.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: A certain tenure in tail special; an estate of inheritance given to a man his wife (the wife being of the blood of the donor), and descendible to the heirs of their two bodies begotten. [Obs.] Blackstone.

FRANKNESS
Frank"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being frank; candor; openess; ingenuousness; fairness; liberality.

FRANKPLEDGE Frank"pledge`, n. Etym: [Frank free + pledge.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) A pledge or surety for the good behavior of freemen, — each freeman who was a member of an ancient decennary, tithing, or friborg, in England, being a pledge for the good conduct of the others, for the preservation of the public peace; a free surety. (b) The tithing itself. Bouvier. The servants of the crown were not, as now, bound in frankpledge for each other. Macaulay.

FRANTIC Fran"tic, a. Etym: [OE. frentik, frenetik, F. frentique, L. phreneticus, from Gr. Frenzy, and cf. Frenetic, Phrenetic.]

Defn: Mad; raving; furious; violent; wild and disorderly; distracted.
Die, frantic wretch, for this accursed deed! Shak.
Torrents of frantic abuse. Macaulay.
— Fran"tic*al*ly, adv.
— Fran"tic*ly, adv. Shak.
— Fran"tic*ness, n. Johnson.

FRAP
Frap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frapped; p. pr. & vb. n. Frapping.] Etym:
[Cf. F. frapper to strike, to seize ropes. Cf. Affrap.]

1. (Naut.)

Defn: To draw together; to bind with a view to secure and strengthen, as a vessel by passing cables around it; to tighten; as a tackle by drawing the lines together. Tottem.

2. To brace by drawing together, as the cords of a drum. Knoght.

FRAPE
Frape, n. Etym: [Cf. frap, and Prov. E. frape to scold.]

Defn: A crowd, a rabble. [Obs.] ares.

FRAPLER
Frap"ler, n.

Defn: A blusterer; a rowdy. [Obs.]
Unpolished, a frapler, and base. B. Jonson.

FRAPPE
Frap`pé" (fra`pa"), a. [F., p.p. of frapper to strike, to chill.]

Defn: Iced; frozen; artificially cooled; as, wine frappé. — n.

Defn: A frappé mixture or beverage, as a water ice, variously flavored, frozen soft, and served in glasses.

FRAPPING
Frap"ping, n. [From Frap.] (Naut.)

Defn: A lashing binding a thing tightly or binding things together.

FRATER
Fra"ter, n. Etym: [L., a brother.] (Eccl.)

Defn: A monk; also, a frater house. [R.] Shipley. Frater house, an apartament in a convent used as an eating room; a refectory; — called also a fratery.

FRATERNAL Fra*ter"nal, a.Etym: [F. fraternel, LL. fraternalis, fr. L. fraternus, fr. frater brother. See Brother.]

Defn: Pf, pertaining to, or involving, brethren; becoming to
brothers; brotherly; as, fraternal affection; a fraternal embrace.
— Fra*ter"nal*ly, adv.
An abhorred, a cursed, a fraternal war. Milton.
Fraternal love and friendship. Addison.

FRATERNATE
Fra*ter"nate, v. i.

Defn: To fraternize; to hold fellowship. Jefferson.

FRATERNATION; FRATERNISM
Fra`ter*na"tion, Fra"ter*nism, n.

Defn: Fraternization. [R.] Jefferson.

FRATERNITY Fra*ter"ni*ty, n.; pl. Fraternities. Etym: [F. fraternité, L. fraternitas.]

1. The state or quality of being fraternal or brotherly; brotherhood.

2. A body of men associated for their common interest, business, or pleasure; a company; a brotherhood; a society; in the Roman Catholic Chucrch, an association for special religious purposes, for relieving the sick and destitute, etc.

3. Men of the same class, profession, occupation, character, or tastes. With what terms of respect knaves and sots will speak of their own fraternity! South.

FRATERNIZATION
Fra`ter*ni*za"tion ( or ), n.

Defn: The act of fraternizing or uniting as brothers. I hope that no French fraternization . . . could so change the hearts of Englishmen. Burke.

FRATERNIZE Fra"ter*nize ( or ; 277), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fraternized; p. pr. & vb. n.. Fraternizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. fraterniser.]

Defn: To associate or hold fellowship as brothers, or as men of like occupation or character; to have brotherly feelings.

FRATERNIZE
Fra"ter*nize, v. t.

Defn: To bring into fellowship or brotherly sympathy.
Correspondence for fraternizing the two nations. Burke.

FRATERNIZER
Frat"er*ni`zer, n.

Defn: One who fraternizes. Burke.

FRATERY Fra"ter*y ( or ), n. Etym: [L. frater brother: cf. It. frateria a brotherhood of monks. See Friar.]

Defn: A frater house. See under Frater.

FRATRAGE
Fra"trage ( or ; 48), n. Etym: [L. frater a brother.] (Law)

Defn: A sharing among brothers, or brothers' kin. [Obs.] Crabb.

FRATRICELLI Fra`tri*cel"li, n. pl. Etym: [It. fraticelli, lit., little brothers, dim. fr. frate brother, L. frater.] (Eccl. Hist.) (a) The name which St. Francis of Assisi gave to his followers, early in the 13th century. (b) A sect which seceded from the Franciscan Order, chiefly in Italy and Sicily, in 1294, repudiating the pope as an apostate, maintaining the duty of celibacy and poverty, and discountenancing oaths. Called also Fratricellians and Fraticelli.

FRATRICIDAL
Frat"ri*ci`dal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to fratricide; of the nature of fratricide.

FRATRICIDE Frat"ri*cide, n. Etym: [L. fratricidium a brother's murder, fr. fratricida a brother's murderer; frater, fratris, brother + caedere to kill: cf. F. fratricide.]

1. The act of one who murders or kills his own brother.

2. Etym: [L. fratricida: cf. F. fratricide.]

Defn: One who murders or kills his own brother.

FRAU
Frau, n.; pl. Frauen (#). [G. Cf. 1st Frow.]

Defn: In Germany, a woman; a married woman; a wife; — as a title, equivalent to Mrs., Madam.

FRAUD Fraud, n. Etym: [F. fraude, L. fraus, fraudis; prob. akin to Skr. dh to injure, dhv to cause to fall, and E. dull.]

1. Deception deliberately practiced with a view to gaining an unlawful or unfair advantage; artifice by which the right or interest of another is injured; injurious stratagem; deceit; trick. If success a lover's toil attends, Few ask, if fraud or force attained his ends. Pope.

2. (Law)

Defn: An intentional perversion of truth for the purpose of obtaining some valuable thing or promise from another.

3. A trap or snare. [Obs.] To draw the proud King Ahab into fraud. Milton. Constructive fraud (Law), an act, statement, or omission which operates as a fraud, although perhaps not intended to be such. Mozley & W. — Pious fraud (Ch. Hist.), a fraud contrived and executed to benefit the church or accomplish some good end, upon the theory that the end justified the means. — Statute of frauds (Law), an English statute (1676), the principle of which is incorporated in the legislation of all the States of this country, by which writing with specific solemnities (varying in the several statutes) is required to give efficacy to certain dispositions of property. Wharton.

Syn. — Deception; deceit; guile; craft; wile; sham; strife; circumvention; stratagem; trick; imposition; cheat. See Deception.

FRAUDFUL
Fraud"ful, a.

Defn: Full of fraud, deceit, or treachery; trickish; treacherous; fraudulent; — applied to persons or things. I. Taylor. — Fraud"ful*ly, adv.

FRAUDLESS
Fraud"less, a.

Defn: Free from fraud.
— Fraud"less*ly, adv.
— Fraud"less*ness, n.

FRAUDULENCE; FRAUDULENCY
Fraud"u*lence or Fraud"u*len*cy, n. Etym: [L. fraudulentia.]

Defn: The quality of being fraudulent; deliberate deceit; trickishness. Hooker.

FRAUDULENT Fraud"u*lent, a. Etym: [L. fraudulentus, fr. fraus, fraudis, frand: cf. F. fraudulent.]

1. Using fraud; trickly; deceitful; dishonest.

2. Characterized by,, founded on, or proceeding from, fraund; as, a
fraudulent bargain.
He, with serpent tongue, . . . His fraudulent temptation thus began.
Milton.

3. Obtained or performed by artifice; as, fraudulent conquest. Milton.

Syn. — Deceitful; fraudful; guileful; crafty; wily; cunning; subtle; deceiving; cheating; deceptive; insidious; treacherous; dishonest; designing; unfair.

FRAUDULENTLY
Fraud"u*lent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a fraudulent manner.

FRAUGHT
Fraught, n. Etym: [OE.fraight, fraght; akin to Dan. fragt, Sw. frakt,
D. vracht, G. fracht, cf. OHG. fr merit, reward; perh. from
corresponding to E. for + The root of E. own. Cf. Freight.]

Defn: A freight; a cargo. [Obs.] Shak.

FRAUGHT
Fraught, a.

Defn: Freighted; laden; filled; stored; charged.
A vessel of our country richly fraught. Shak.
A discourse fraught with all the commending excellences oSouth.
Enterprises fraught with world-wide benefits. I. Taylor.

FRAUGHT
Fraught, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fraughted or Fraught; p. pr. & vb. n.
Fraughting.] Etym: [Akin to Dan. fragte, Sw. frakta, D. bevrachten,
G. frachten, cf. OHG. frehton to deserve. See Fraught, n.]

Defn: To freight; to load; to burden; to fill; to crowd. [Obs.]
Upon the tumbling billows fraughted ride The armed ships. Fairfax.

FRAUGHTAGE
Fraught"age (; 48), n.

Defn: Freight; loading; cargo. [Obs.] Shak.

FRAUGHTING
Fraught"ing, a.

Defn: Constituting the freight or cargo. [Obs.] "The fraughting souls within her." Shak.

FRAULEIN
Fräu"lein, n.sing. & pl. [G., dim. of frau woman. See Frau.]

Defn: In Germany, a young lady; an unmarried woman; — as a title, equivalent to Miss.

FRAUNHOFER LINES
Fraun"ho*fer lines`. (Physics.)

Defn: The lines of the spectrun; especially and properly, the dark lines of the solar spectrum, so called because first accurately observed and interpreted by Fraunhofer, a German physicist.

FRAXIN
Frax"in, n. Etym: [From Fraxinus.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless crystalline substance, regarded as a glucoside, and found in the bark of the ash (Fraxinus) and along with esculin in the bark of the horse-chestnut. It shows a delicate fluorescence in alkaline solutions; — called also paviin.

FRAXINUS
Frax"i*nus, n. Etym: [L., the ash tree.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of deciduous forest trees, found in the north temperate zone, and including the true ash trees.

Note: Fraxinus excelsior is the European ash; F. Americana, the white ash; F. sambucifolia, the black ash or water ash.

FRAY
Fray, n. Etym: [Abbreviated from affray.]

Defn: Affray; broil; contest; combat.
Who began this bloody fray Shak.

FRAY
Fray, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Fraying.] Etym:
[See 1st Fray, and cf. Affray.]

Defn: To frighten; to terrify; to alarm. I. Taylor.
What frays ye, that were wont to comfort me affrayed Spenser.

FRAY
Fray, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OF. fraier. See Defray, v. t.]

Defn: To bear the expense of; to defray. [Obs.] The charge of my most curious and costly ingredients frayed, I shall acknowledge myself amply satisfied. Massinger.

FRAY Fray, v. t. Etym: [OF. freier, fraier, froier, to rub. L. fricare; cf. friare to crumble, E. friable; perh. akin to Gr. gh to rub, scratch. Cf. Friction.]

Defn: To rub; to wear off, or wear into shreds, by rubbing; to fret, as cloth; as, a deer is said to fray her head.

FRAY
Fray, v. i.

1. To rub. We can show the marks he made When 'gainst the oak his antlers frayed. Sir W. Scott.

2. To wear out or into shreads, or to suffer injury by rubbing, as when the threads of the warp or of the woof wear off so that the cross threads are loose; to ravel; as, the cloth frays badly. A suit of frayed magnificience. tennyson.

FRAY
Fray, n.

Defn: A fret or chafe, as in cloth; a place injured by rubbing.

FRAYING
Fray"ing, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The skin which a deer frays from his horns. B. Jonson.

FRAZZLE
Fraz"zle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frazzled; p. pr. & vb. n. Frazzling.]
[Cf. G. faseln, and E. fray.]

Defn: To fray; to wear or pull into tatters or tag ends; to tatter; - -used literally and figuratively. [Prov. Eng. & U. S.]

Her hair was of a reddish gray color, and its frazzled and tangled condition suggested that the woman had recently passed through a period of extreme excitement. J. C. Harris.

FRAZZLE
Fraz"zle, n.

Defn: The act or result of frazzling; the condition or quality of being frazzled; the tag end; a frayed-out end. [Prov. Eng. & U. S.]

My fingers are all scratched to frazzles.
Kipling.

Gordon had sent word to Lee that he "had fought his corps to a
frazzle."
Nicolay & Hay (Life of Lincoln).

FREAK
Freak, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freaked; p. pr. & vb. n. Freaking.] Etym:
[Akin to OE. frakin, freken, freckle, Icel. freknur, pl., Sw. fräkne,
Dan. fregne, Gr. prsçni variegated. Cf. Freckle, Freck.]

Defn: To variegate; to checker; to streak. [R.]
Freaked with many a mingled hue. Thomson.

FREAK
Freak, n. Etym: [Prob. from OE. frek bold, AS. frec bold, greedly;
akin to OHG. freh greedly, G. frech insolent, Icel. frekr greedly,
Goth. faíhufriks avaricious.]

Defn: A sudden causeless change or turn of the mind; a whim of fancy; a capricious prank; a vagary or caprice. She is restless and peevish, and sometimes in a freak will instantly change her habitation. Spectator.

Syn.
— Whim; caprice; folly; sport. See Whim.

FREAKING
Freak"ing, a.

Defn: Freakish. [Obs.] Pepys.

FREAKISH
Freak"ish, a.

Defn: Apt to change the mind suddenly; whimsical; capricious.
It may be a question whether the wife or the woman was the more
freakish of the two. L'Estrange.
Freakish when well, and fretful when she's sick. Pope.
— Freak"ish*ly, adv.
— Freak"ish*ness, n.

FRECK
Freck, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Freak, v. t., Freckle.]

Defn: To checker; to diversify. [R. & Poet.]
The painted windows, frecking gloom with glow. Lowell.

FRECKLE
Freck"le, n. Etym: [Dim., from the same root as freak, v. t.]

1. A small yellowish or brownish spot in the skin, particularly on the face, neck, or hands.

2. Any small spot or discoloration.

FRECKLE
Frec"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freckled; p. pr. & vb. n. Freckling.]

Defn: To spinkle or mark with freckle or small discolored spots; to spot.

FRECKLE
Frec"kle, v. i.

Defn: To become covered or marked with freckles; to be spotted.

FRECKLED
Frec"kled, a.

Defn: Marked with freckles; spotted. "The freckled trout." Dryden.
The freckled cowslip, burnet, and green clover. Shak.

FRECKLEDNESS
Frec"kled*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being freckled.

FRECKLY
Frec"kly, a.

Defn: Full of or marked with freckles; sprinkled with spots; freckled.

FRED
Fred, n. Etym: [AS. fri peace. See Frith inclosure.]

Defn: Peace; — a word used in composition, especially in proper names; as, Alfred; Frederic.

FREDSTOLE
Fred"stole`, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Fridstol. Fuller.

FREE Free, a. [Compar. Freer; superl. Freest.] Etym: [OE. fre, freo, AS. freó, fri; akin to D. vrij, OS. & OHG. fri, G. frei, Icel. fri, Sw. & Dan. fri, Goth. freis, and also to Skr. prija beloved, dear, fr. pri to love, Goth. frij. Cf. Affray, Belfry, Friday, Friend, Frith inclosure.]

1. Exempt from subjection to the will of others; not under restraint, control, or compulsion; able to follow one's own impulses, desires, or inclinations; determining one's own course of action; not dependent; at liberty. That which has the power, or not the power, to operate, is that alone which is or is not free. Locke.

2. Not under an arbitrary or despotic government; subject only to fixed laws regularly and fairly administered, and defended by them from encroachments upon natural or acquired rights; enjoying political liberty.

3. Liberated, by arriving at a certain age, from the control of parents, guardian, or master.

4. Not confined or imprisoned; released from arrest; liberated; at liberty to go. Set an unhappy prisoner free. Prior.

5. Not subjected to the laws of physical necessity; capable of voluntary activity; endowed with moral liberty; — said of the will. Not free, what proof could they have given sincere Of true allegiance, constant faith, or love. Milton.

6. Clear of offense or crime; guiltless; innocent. My hands are guilty, but my heart is free. Dryden.

7. Unconstrained by timidity or distrust; unreserved; ingenuous; frank; familiar; communicative. He was free only with a few. Milward.

8. Unrestrained; immoderate; lavish; licentious; — used in a bad
sense.
The critics have been very free in their censures. Felton.
A man may live a free life as to wine or women. Shelley.

9. Not close or parsimonious; liberal; open-handed; lavish; as, free with his money.

10. Exempt; clear; released; liberated; not encumbered or troubled with; as, free from pain; free from a burden; — followed by from, or, rarely, by of. Princes declaring themselves free from the obligations of their treaties. Bp. Burnet.

11. Characteristic of one acting without restraint; charming; easy.

12. Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited; as, a free horse.

13. Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; — followed by of. He therefore makes all birds, of every sect, Free of his farm. Dryden.

14. Thrown open, or made accessible, to all; to be enjoyed without limitations; unrestricted; not obstructed, engrossed, or appropriated; open; — said of a thing to be possessed or enjoyed; as, a free school. Why, sir, I pray, are not the streets as free For me as for you Shak.

15. Not gained by importunity or purchase; gratuitous; spontaneous; as, free admission; a free gift.

16. Not arbitrary or despotic; assuring liberty; defending individual rights against encroachment by any person or class; instituted by a free people; — said of a government, institutions, etc.

17. (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: Certain or honorable; the opposite of base; as, free service; free socage. Burrill.

18. (Law)

Defn: Privileged or individual; the opposite of common; as, a free fishery; a free warren. Burrill.

19. Not united or combined with anything else; separated; dissevered; unattached; at liberty to escape; as, free carbonic acid gas; free cells. Free agency, the capacity or power of choosing or acting freely, or without necessity or constraint upon the will. — Free bench (Eng. Law), a widow's right in the copyhold lands of her husband, corresponding to dower in freeholds. — Free board (Naut.), a vessel's side between water line and gunwale. — Free bond (Chem.), an unsaturated or unemployed unit, or bond, of affinity or valence, of an atom or radical. — Free-borough men (O.Eng. Law). See Friborg. — Free chapel (Eccles.), a chapel not subject to the jurisdiction of the ordinary, having been founded by the king or by a subject specially authorized. [Eng.] Bouvier. — Free charge (Elec.), a charge of electricity in the free or statical condition; free electricity. — Free church. (a) A church whose sittings are for all and without charge. (b) An ecclesiastical body that left the Church of Scotland, in 1843, to be free from control by the government in spiritual matters. — Free city, or Free town, a city or town independent in its government and franchises, as formerly those of the Hanseatic league. — Free cost, freedom from charges or expenses. South. — Free and easy, unconventional; unrestrained; regardless of formalities. [Colloq.] "Sal and her free and easy ways." W. Black. — Free goods, goods admitted into a country free of duty. — Free labor, the labor of freemen, as distinguished from that of slaves. — Free port. (Com.) (a) A port where goods may be received and shipped free of custom duty. (b) A port where goods of all kinds are received from ships of all nations at equal rates of duty. — Free public house, in England, a tavern not belonging to a brewer, so that the landlord is free to brew his own beer or purchase where he chooses. Simmonds. — Free school. (a) A school to which pupils are admitted without discrimination and on an equal footing. (b) A school supported by general taxation, by endowmants, etc., where pupils pay nothing for tuition; a public school. — Free services (O.Eng. Law), such feudal services as were not unbecoming the character of a soldier or a freemen to perform; as, to serve under his lord in war, to pay a sum of money, etc. Burrill. — Free ships, ships of neutral nations, which in time of war are free from capture even though carrying enemy's goods. — Free socage (O.Eng. Law), a feudal tenure held by certain services which, though honorable, were not military. Abbott. — Free States, those of the United States before the Civil War, in which slavery had ceased to exist, or had never existed. — Free stuff (Carp.), timber free from knots; clear stuff. — Free thought, that which is thought independently of the authority of others. — Free trade, commerce unrestricted by duties or tariff regulations. — Free trader, one who believes in free trade. — To make free with, to take liberties with; to help one's self to. [Colloq.] — To sail free (Naut.), to sail with the yards not braced in as sharp as when sailing closehauled, or close to the wind.

FREE
Free, adv.

1. Freely; willingly. [Obs.] I as free forgive you As I would be forgiven. Shak.

2. Without charge; as, children admitted free.

FREE Free, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freed; p. pr. & vb. n. Freeing.] Etym: [OE. freen, freoien, AS. freógan. See Free, a.]

1. To make free; to set at liberty; to rid of that which confines, limits, embarrasses, oppresses, etc.; to release; to disengage; to clear; — followed by from, and sometimes by off; as, to free a captive or a slave; to be freed of these inconveniences. Clarendon. Our land is from the rage of tigers freed. Dryden. Arise, . . . free thy people from their yoke. Milton.

2. To remove, as something that confines or bars; to relieve from the constraint of. This master key Frees every lock, and leads us to his person. Dryden.

3. To frank. [Obs.] Johnson.

FREEBOOTER Free"boot`er, n. Etym: [D. vrijbuiter, fr. vrijbuiten to plunder; vrij free + buit booty, akin to E. booty. See Free, and Booty, and cf. Filibuster.]

Defn: One who plunders or pillages without the authority of national warfare; a member of a predatory band; a pillager; a buccaneer; a sea robber. Bacon.

FREEBOOTERY
Free"boot`er*y, n.

Defn: The act, practice, or gains of a freebooter; freebooting.
Booth.

FREEBOOTING
Free"boot`ing, n.

Defn: Robbery; plunder; a pillaging.

FREEBOOTING
Free"boot`ing, a.

Defn: Acting the freebooter; practicing freebootery; robbing.
Your freebooting acquaintance. Sir W. Scott.

FREEBOOTY
Free"boot`y, n.

Defn: Freebootery. [Obs.]

FREEBORN
Free"born`, a.

Defn: Born free; not born in vasssalage; inheriting freedom.

FREE COINAGE
Free coinage.

Defn: In the fullest sense, the conversion of bullion (of any specified metal) into legal-tender coins for any person who chooses to bring it to the mint; in a modified sense, such coinage when done at a fixed charge proportionate to the cost of the operation.

FREE-DENIZEN
Free"-den`i*zen, v. t.

Defn: To make free. [R.]

FREEDMAN
Freed"man, n.; pl. Freedmen (.

Defn: A man who has been a slave, and has been set free.

FREEDOM
Free"dom, n. Etym: [AS. freód; freófree + -dom. See Free, and -dom.]

1. The state of being free; exemption from the power and control of another; liberty; independence. Made captive, yet deserving freedom more. Milton.

2. Privileges; franchises; immunities. Your charter and your caty's freedom. Shak.

3. Exemption from necessity, in choise and action; as, the freedom of the will.

4. Ease; facility; as, he speaks or acts with freedom.

5. Frankness; openness; unreservedness. I emboldened spake and freedom used. Milton.

6. Improper familiarity; violation of the rules of decorum; license.

7. Generosity; liberality. [Obs.] Chaucer. Freedom fine, a sum paid on entry to incorporations of trades. — Freedom of the city, the possession of the rights and privileges of a freeman of the city; formerly often, and now occasionally, conferred on one not a resident, as a mark of honorary distinction for public services.

Syn.
— See Liberty.

FREEDSTOOL
Freed"stool`, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Fridstol.

FREE-HAND
Free"-hand`, a.

Defn: Done by the hand, without support, or the guidance of instruments; as, free-hand drawing. See under Drawing.

FREE-HANDED
Free"-hand`ed, a.

Defn: Open-handed; liberal.

FREE-HEARTED
Free"-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Open; frank; unreserved; liberal; generous; as, free-hearted
mirth.
— Free"-heart`ed*ly, adv.
— Free"-heart`ed*ness, n.

FREEHOLD
Free"hold`, n. (LAw)

Defn: An estate in real property, of inheritance (in fee simple or fee tail) or for life; or the tenure by which such estate is held. Kent. Burrill. To abate into a freehold. See under Abate.

FREEHOLDER
Free"hold`er, n. (Law)

Defn: The possessor of a freehold.

FREE-LIVER
Free"-liv`er, n.

Defn: One who gratifies his appetites without stint; one given to indulgence in eating and drinking.

FREE-LIVING
Free"-liv`ing, n.

Defn: Unrestrained indulgence of the appetites.

FREE-LOVE
Free"-love`, n.

Defn: The doctrine or practice of consorting with the opposite sex, at pleasure, without marriage.

FREE-LOVER
Free"-lov`er, n.

Defn: One who believes in or practices free-love.

FREELTE
Freel"te, n.

Defn: Frailty. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FREELY
Free"ly, adv. Etym: [AS. freólice.]

Defn: In a free manner; without restraint or compulsion; abundantly;
gratuitously.
Of every tree of the garden thou mayst freely eat. Gen. ii. 16.
Freely ye have received, freely give. Matt. x. 8.
Freely they stood who stood, and fell who fell. Milton.
Freely we serve Because we freely love. Milton.

Syn. — Independently; voluntarily; spontaneously; unconditionally; unobstructedly; willingly; readily; liberally; generously; bounteously; munificently; bountifully; abundantly; largely; copiously; plentifully; plenteously.

FREEMAN
Free"man, n.; pl. Freemen. Etym: [AS. freóman; freófree + mann man.]

1. One who enjoys liberty, or who is not subject to the will of another; one not a slave or vassal.

2. A member of a corporation, company, or city, possessing certain privileges; a member of a borough, town, or State, who has the right to vote at elections. See Liveryman. Burrill. Both having been made freemen on the same day. Addison.

FREE-MARTIN
Free"-mar`tin, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An imperfect female calf, twinborn with a male.

FREEMASON
Free"ma`son, n.

Defn: One of an ancient and secret association or fraternity, said to have been at first composed of masons or builders in stone, but now consisting of persons who are united for social enjoyment and mutual assistance.

FREEMASONIC
Free`ma*son"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the institutions or the practices of freemasons; as, a freemasonic signal.

FREEMASONRY
Free"ma`son*ry, n.

Defn: The institutions or the practices of freemasons.

FREE-MILLING
Free"-mill`ing, a.

Defn: Yielding free gold or silver; — said of certain ores which can be reduced by crushing and amalgamation, without roasting or other chemical treatment. Raymond.

FREE-MINDED
Free"-mind`ed, a.

Defn: Not perplexed; having a mind free from care. Bacon.

FREENESS
Free"ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being free; freedom; liberty; openness; liberality; gratuitousness.

FREER
Fre"er, n.

Defn: One who frees, or sets free.

FREE SILVER
Free silver.

Defn: The free coinage of silver; often, specif., the free coinage of silver at a fixed ratio with gold, as at the ratio of 16 to 1, which ratio for some time represented nearly or exactly the ratio of the market values of gold and silver respectively.

FREE-SOIL
Free"-soil`, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or advocating, the non-extension of slavery; — esp. applied to a party which was active during the period 1846-1856. [U.S.] — Free"soil`er, n. [U.S.] — Free"-soil`ism, n. [U.S.]

FREE-SPOKEN
Free"-spo`ken, a.

Defn: Accustomed to speak without reserve. Bacon.
— Free"-spo`ken-ness, n.

FREESTONE
Free"stone`, n.

Defn: A stone composed of sand or grit; — so called because it is easily cut or wrought.

FREESTONE
Free"stone`, a.

Defn: Having the flesh readily separating from the stone, as in certain kinds of peaches.

FREE-SWIMMING
Free"-swim`ming, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Swimming in the open sea; — said of certain marine animals.

FREETHINKER
Free"think`er, n.

Defn: One who speculates or forms opinions independently of the authority of others; esp., in the sphere or religion, one who forms opinions independently of the authority of revelation or of the church; an unbeliever; — a term assumed by deists and skeptics in the eighteenth century. Atheist is an old-fashioned word: I'm a freethinker, child. Addison.

Syn.
— Infidel; skeptic; unbeliever. See Infidel.

FREETHINKING
Free"think`ing, n.

Defn: Undue boldness of speculation; unbelief. Berkeley.
— a.

Defn: Exhibiting undue boldness of speculation; skeptical.

FREE-TONGUED
Free"-tongued`, a.

Defn: Speaking without reserve. Bp. Hall.

FREEWHEEL
Free"wheel`, n. (Mach.)

Defn: A clutch fitted in the rear hub of a cycle, which engages the rear sprocket with the rear wheel when the pedals are rotated forwards, but permits the rear wheel to run on free from the rear sprocket when the pedals are stopped or rotated backwards. Freewheelcycles are usually fitted with hub brakes or rim brakes, operated by back pedaling.

FREEWHEEL
Free"wheel`, v. i.

1.
(a) Of a freewheel cycle, to run on while the pedals are held still.
(b) Of a person, to ride a cycle of this manner. To ride a freewheel
cycle.

2. (Mach.) To operate like a freewheel, so that one part moves freely over another which normally moves with it; — said of a clutch.

FREE WILL
Free will.

1. A will free from improper coercion or restraint. To come thus was I not constrained, but did On my free will. Shak.

2. The power asserted of moral beings of willing or choosing without the restraints of physical or absolute necessity.

FREEWILL
Free"will`, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to free will; voluntary; spontaneous; as, a freewill offering. Frewill Baptists. See under Baptist.

FREEZABLE
Freez"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being frozen.

FREEZE
Freeze, n. (Arch.)

Defn: A frieze. [Obs.]

FREEZE Freeze, v. i. [imp. Froze; p. p. Frozen; p. pr. & vb. n. Freezing.] Etym: [OE. fresen, freosen, AS. freósan; akin to D. vriezen, OHG. iosan, G. frieren, Icel. frjsa, Sw. frysa, Dan. fryse, Goth. frius cold, frost, and prob. to L. prurire to itch, E. prurient, cf. L. prna a burning coal, pruina hoarfrost, Skr. prushva ice, prush to spirt. Frost.]

1. To become congealed by cold; to be changed from a liquid to a solid state by the abstraction of heat; to be hardened into ice or a like solid body.

Note: Water freezes at 32º above zero by Fahrenheit's thermometer; mercury freezes at 40º below zero.

2. To become chilled with cold, or as with cold; to suffer loss of animation or life by lack of heat; as, the blood freezes in the veins. To freeze up (Fig.), to become formal and cold in demeanor. [Colloq.]

FREEZE
Freeze, v. t.

1. To congeal; to harden into ice; to convert from a fluid to a solid form by cold, or abstraction of heat.

2. To cause loss of animation or life in, from lack of heat; to give the sensation of cold to; to chill. A faint, cold fear runs through my veins, That almost freezes up the heat of life. Shak.

FREEZE
Freeze, n.

Defn: The act of congealing, or the state of being congealed.
[Colloq.]

FREEZER
Freez"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, cools or freezes, as a refrigerator, or the tub and can used in the process of freezing ice cream.

FREEZING
Freez"ing, a.

Defn: Tending to freeze; for freezing; hence, cold or distant in manner. — Frrez"ing*ly, adv. Freezing machine. See Ice machine, under Ice. — Freezing mixture, a mixture (of salt and snow or of chemical salts) for producing intense cold. — Freezing point, that degree of a thermometer at which a fluid begins to freeze; — applied particularly to water, whose freezing point is at 32º Fahr., and at 0º Centigrade.

FREIESLEBENITE
Frei"es*le`ben*ite, n. Etym: [Named after the German chemist
Freiesleben.]

Defn: A sulphide of antimony, lead, and silver, occuring in monoclinic crystals.

FREIGHT
Freight, n. Etym: [F. fret, OHG. fr merit, reward. See Fraught, n.]

1. That with which anything in fraught or laden for transportation; lading; cargo, especially of a ship, or a car on a railroad, etc.; as, a freight of cotton; a full freight.

2. (Law) (a) The sum paid by a party hiring a ship or part of a ship for the use of what is thus hired. (b) The price paid a common carrier for the carriage of goods. Wharton.

3. Freight transportation, or freight line.

FREIGHT
Freight, a.

Defn: Employed in the transportation of freight; having to do with freight; as, a freight car. Freight agent, a person employed by a transportation company to receive, forward, or deliver goods. — Freight car. See under Car. — Freight train, a railroad train made up of freight cars; — called in England goods train.

FREIGHT
Freight, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Freighting.]
Etym: [Cf. F. freter.]

Defn: To load with goods, as a ship, or vehicle of any kind, for transporting them from one place to another; to furnish with freight; as, to freight a ship; to freight a car.

FREIGHTAGE
Freight"age, n.

1. Charge for transportation; expense of carriage.

2. The transportation of freight.

3. Freight; cargo; lading. Milton.

FREIGHTER
Freight"er, n.

1. One who loads a ship, or one who charters and loads a ship.

2. One employed in receiving and forwarding freight.

3. One for whom freight is transported.

4. A vessel used mainly to carry freight.

FREIGHTLESS
Freight"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of freight.

FREIHERR
Frei"herr`, n.; pl. Freiherrn (#). [G., lit., free lord.]

Defn: In Germany and Austria, a baron.

FRELTE
Frel"te, n.

Defn: Frailty. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FREMD; FREMED Fremd, Frem"ed a. Etym: [OE., from AS. fremede, fremde; akin to G. fremd.]

Defn: Strange; foreign. [Old Eng. & Scot.] Chaucer.

FREMESCENT
Fre*mes"cent, a. [L. fremere to roar, murmur + -escent.]

Defn: Becoming murmurous, roaring. "Fremescent clangor." Carlyle. —
Fre*mes"cence (#), n.

FREMITUS
Frem"i*tus, n., sing. & pl. [L., a murmuring, roaring.] (Med.)

Defn: Palpable vibration or thrill; as, the rhonchial fremitus.

FREN Fren, n. Etym: [OE. frenne, contr. fr. forrene foreign. See Foreign, a.]

Defn: A stranger. [Obs.] Spenser.

FRENCH
French, a. Etym: [AS. frencisc, LL. franciscus, from L. Francus a
Frank: cf. OF. franceis, franchois, fran, F. franFrank, a., and cf.
Frankish.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to France or its inhabitants. French bean (Bot.), the common kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). — French berry (Bot.), the berry of a species of buckthorn (Rhamnus catharticus), which affords a saffron, green or purple pigment. — French casement (Arch.) See French window, under Window. — French chalk (Min.), a variety of granular talc; — used for drawing lines on cloth, etc. See under Chalk. — French cowslip (Bot.) The Primula Auricula. See Bear's-ear. — French fake (Naut.), a mode of coiling a rope by running it backward and forward in parallel bends, so that it may run freely. — French honeysuckle (Bot.) a plant of the genus Hedysarum (H. coronarium); — called also garland honeysuckle. — French horn, a metallic wind instrument, consisting of a long tube twisted into circular folds and gradually expanding from the mouthpiece to the end at which the sound issues; — called in France cor de chasse. — French leave, an informal, hasty, or secret departure; esp., the leaving a place without paying one's debts. — French pie Etym: [French (here used in sense of "foreign") + pie a magpie (in allusion to its black and white color)] (Zoöl.), the European great spotted woodpecker (Dryobstes major); — called also wood pie. — French polish. (a) A preparation for the surface of woodwork, consisting of gums dissolved in alcohol, either shellac alone, or shellac with other gums added. (b) The glossy surface produced by the application of the above. — French purple, a dyestuff obtained from lichens and used for coloring woolen and silken fabrics, without the aid of mordants. Ure. — French red rouge. — French rice, amelcorn. — French roof (Arch.), a modified form of mansard roof having a nearly flat deck for the upper slope. — French tub, a dyer's mixture of protochloride of tin and logwood; — called also plum tub. Ure. — French window. See under Window.

FRENCH
French, n.

1. The language spoken in France.

2. Collectively, the people of France.

FRENCHIFY
French"i*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frenchified; p. pr. & vb. n.
Frenchifying.] Etym: [French + -fy.]

Defn: To make French; to infect or imbue with the manners or tastes of the French; to Gallicize. Burke.

FRENCHISM
French"ism, n.

Defn: A French mode or characteristic; an idiom peculiar to the
French language. Earle.

FRENCHMAN
French"man, n.; pl. Frenchmen (.

Defn: A native or one of the people of France.

FRENETIC
Fre*net"ic, a. Etym: [See Frantic, a.]

Defn: Distracted; mad; frantic; phrenetic. Milton.

FRENETICAL
Fre*net"ic*al, a.

Defn: Frenetic; frantic; frenzied.
— Frenet"ic*al*ly, adv.

FRENUM
Fre"num, n.; pl. E. Frenums, L. Frena. Etym: [L., a bridle.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A cheek stripe of color.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Same as Frænum.

FRENZICAL
Fren"zi*cal, a.

Defn: Frantic. [Obs.] Orrery.

FRENZIED
Fren"zied, p. p. & a.

Defn: Affected with frenzy; frantic; maddened.
— Fren"zied-ly, adv.
The people frenzied by centuries of oppression. Buckle.
Up starting with a frenzied look. Sir W Scott.

FRENZY
Fren"zy, n.; pl. Frenzies. Etym: [OE. frenesie, fransey, F. frénésie,
L. phrenesis, fr. Gr. Frantic, Phrenitis.]

Defn: Any violent agitation of the mind approaching to distraction;
violent and temporary derangement of the mental faculties; madness;
rage.
All else is towering frenzy and distraction. Addison.
The poet's eye in a fine frenzy rolling. Shak.

Syn. — Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangment; alienation; aberration; delirium. See Insanity.

FRENZY
Fren"zy, a.

Defn: Mad; frantic. [R.]
They thought that some frenzy distemper had got into his head.
Bunyan.

FRENZY
Fren"zy, v. t.

Defn: To affect with frenzy; to drive to madness [R.] "Frenzying anguish." Southey.

FREQUENCE
Fre"quence, n. Etym: [See Frequency.]

1. A crowd; a throng; a concourse. [Archaic.] Tennyson.

2. Frequency; abundance. [R.] Bp. Hall.

FREQUENCY Fre"quen*cy, n.; pl. Frequencies. Etym: [L. frequentia numerous attendance, multitude: cf. F. fréquence. See Frequent.]

1. The condition of returning frequently; occurrence often repeated; common occurence; as, the frequency of crimes; the frequency of miracles. The reasons that moved her to remove were, because Rome was a place of riot and luxury, her soul being almost stifled with, the frequencies of ladies' visits. Fuller.

2. A crowd; a throng. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

FREQUENT Fre"quent, a. Etym: [L. frequens, -entis, crowded, frequent, akin to farcire to stuff: cf. F. fréquent. Cf. Farce, n.]

1. Often to be met with; happening at short intervals; often repeated or occurring; as, frequent visits. "Frequent feudal towers." Byron.

2. Addicted to any course of conduct; inclined to indulge in any practice; habitual; persistent. He has been loud and frequent in declaring himself hearty for the government. Swift.

3. Full; crowded; thronged. [Obs.] 'T is Cæsar's will to have a frequent senate. B. Jonson.

4. Often or commonly reported. [Obs.] 'T is frequent in the city he hath subdued The Catti and the Daci. Massinger.

FREQUENT
Fre*quent", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frequented; p. pr. & vb. n.
Frequenting.] Etym: [L. frequentare: cf. F. fréquenter. See Frequent,
a.]

1. To visit often; to resort to often or habitually. He frequented the court of Augustus. Dryden.

2. To make full; to fill. [Obs.] With their sighs the air Frequenting, sent from hearts contrite. Milton.

FREQUENTABLE
Fre*quent"a*ble, a.

Defn: Accessible. [R.] Sidney.

FREQUENTAGE
Fre*quent"age, n.

Defn: The practice or habit of frequenting. [R.] Southey.

FREQUENTATION Fre"quen*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. frequentatio a crowding together, frequency: cf. F. fréquentation.]

Defn: The act or habit of frequenting or visiting often; resort.
Chesterfield.

FREQUENTATIVE
Fre*quent"a*tive, a. Etym: [L. frequentativus: cf. F. fréquentatif.]
(Gram.)

Defn: Serving to express the frequent repetition of an action; as, a frequentative verb. — n.

Defn: A frequentative verb.

FREQUENTER
Fre*quent*er, n.

Defn: One who frequents; one who often visits, or resorts to customarily.

FREQUENTLY
Fre*quent*ly, adv.

Defn: At frequent or short intervals; many times; often; repeatedly; commonly.

FREQUENTNESS
Fre"quent*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being frequent.

FRERE
Frère, n. Etym: [F. See Friar.]

Defn: A friar. Chaucer.

FRESCADE
Fres"cade, n. Etym: [See Fresco, Fresh, a.]

Defn: A cool walk; shady place. [R.] Maunder.

FRESCO Fres"co, n.; pl. Frescoes or Frescos. Etym: [It., fr. fresco fresh; of German origin. See Fresh, a.]

1. A cool, refreshing state of the air; duskiness; coolness; shade. [R.] Prior.

2. (Fine Arts) (a) The art of painting on freshly spread plaster, before it dries. (b) In modern parlance, incorrectly applied to painting on plaster in any manner. (c) A painting on plaster in either of senses a and b.

FRESCO
Fres"co, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frescoed; p. pr. & vb. n. Frescoing.]

Defn: To paint in fresco, as walls.

FRESH Fresh, a. [Compar. Fresher (; superl. Freshest.] Etym: [OE. fresch, AS. fersc; akin to D. versch, G. frisch, OHG. frisc, Sw. frisk, Dan. frisk, fersk, Icel. fr frisky, brisk, ferskr fresh; cf. It. fresco, OF. fres, freis, fem. freske, fresche, F. frais, fem. fra, which are of German origin. Cf. Fraischeur, Fresco, Frisk.]

1. Possessed of original life and vigor; new and strong; unimpaired; sound.

2. New; original; additional. "Fear of fresh mistakes." Sir W. Scott. A fresh pleasure in every fresh posture of the limbs. Landor.

3. Lately produced, gathered, or prepared for market; not stale; not dried or preserved; not wilted, faded, or tainted; in good condition; as, fresh vegetables, flowers, eggs, meat, fruit, etc.; recently made or obtained; occurring again; repeated; as, a fresh supply of goods; fresh tea, raisins, etc.; lately come or made public; as, fresh news; recently taken from a well or spring; as, fresh water.

4. Youthful; florid; as, these fresh nymphs. Shak.

5. In a raw, green, or untried state; uncultivated; uncultured; unpracticed; as, a fresh hand on a ship.

6. Renewed in vigor, alacrity, or readiness for action; as, fresh for a combat; hence, tending to renew in vigor; rather strong; cool or brisk; as, a fresh wind.

7. Not salt; as, fresh water, in distinction from that which is from the sea, or brackish; fresh meat, in distinction from that which is pickled or salted. Fresh breeze (Naut.), a breeze between a moderate and a strong breeze; one blowinq about twenty miles an hour. — Fresh gale, a gale blowing about forty-five miles an hour. — Fresh way (Naut.), increased speed.

Syn. — Sound; unimpaired; recent; unfaded: ruddy; florid; sweet; good: inexperienced; unpracticed: unused; lively; vigorous; strong.

FRESH
Fresh, n.; pl. Freshes (.

1. A stream or spring of fresh water. He shall drink naught but brine; for I'll not show him Where the quick freshes are. Shak.

2. A flood; a freshet. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

3. The mingling of fresh water with salt in rivers or bays, as by means of a flood of fresh water flowing toward or into the sea. Beverly.

FRESH
Fresh, v. t.

Defn: To refresh; to freshen. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

FRESHEN
Fresh"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freshened; p. pr. & vb. n. Freshening]

1. To make fresh; to separate, as water, from saline ingredients; to make less salt; as, to freshen water, fish, or flesh.

2. To refresh; to revive. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: To relieve, as a rope, by change of place where friction wears it; or to renew, as the material used to prevent chafing; as, to freshen a hawse. Totten. To freshen ballast (Naut.), to shift Or restore it. — To freshen the hawse, to pay out a little more cable, so as to bring the chafe on another part. — To freshen the way, to increase the speed of a vessel. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

FRESHEN
Fresh"en, v. i.

1. To grow fresh; to lose saltness.

2. To grow brisk or strong; as, the wind freshens.

FRESHET
Fresh"et, n. Etym: [OE. fresche flood + -et. See Fresh, a.]

1. A stream of fresh water. [Obs.] Milton.

2. A flood or overflowing of a stream caused by heavy rains or melted
snow; a sudden inundation.
Cracked the sky, as ice in rivers When the freshet is at highest.
Longfellow.

FRESHLY
Fresh"ly, adv.

Defn: In a fresh manner; vigorously; newly, recently; brightly;
briskly; coolly; as, freshly gathered; freshly painted; the wind
blows freshly.
Looks he as freshly as he did Shak.

FRESHMAN
Fresh"man, n.; pl. Freshmen (.

Defn: novice; one in the rudiments of knowledge; especially, a student during his fist year in a college or university. He drank his glass and cracked his joke, And freshmen wondered as he spoke. Goldsmith. Freshman class, the lowest of the four classes in an American college. [ U. S.]

FRESHMANSHIP
Fresh"man*ship, n.

Defn: The state of being a freshman.

FRESHMENT
Fresh"ment, n.

Defn: Refreshment. [Obs.]

FRESHNESS
Fresh"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being fresh.
The Scots had the advantage both for number and freshness of men.
Hayward.
And breathe the freshness of the open air. Dryden.
Her cheeks their freshness lose and wonted grace. Granville.

FRESH-NEW
Fresh"-new`, a.

Defn: Unpracticed. [Obs.] Shak.

FRESH-WATER
Fresh"-wa`ter, a.

1. Of, pertaining to, or living in, water not salt; as, fresh-water geological deposits; a fresh-water fish; fresh-water mussels.

2. Accustomed to sail on fresh water only; unskilled as a seaman; as, a fresh-water sailor.

3. Unskilled; raw. [Colloq.] "Fresh-water soldiers." Knolles.

FRESNEL LAMP; FRESNEL LANTERN Fres`nel" lamp", Fres`nel" lan"tern. Etym: [From Fresnel the inventor, a French physicist.]

Defn: A lantern having a lamp surrounded by a hollow cylindrical
Fresnel lens.

FRESNEL LENS
Fres`nel" lens". Etym: [See Fresnel lamp.] (Optics)

Defn: See under Lens.

FRET
Fret, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See 1st Frith.

FRET
Fret, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fretted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fretting.] Etym:
[OE. freten to eat, consume; AS. fretan, for foretan; pref. for- +
etan to eat; akin to D. vreten, OHG. frezzan, G. fressen, Sw. fräta,
Goth. fra-itan. See For, and Eat, v. t.]

1. To devour. [Obs.] The sow frete the child right in the cradle. Chaucer.

2. To rub; to wear away by friction; to chafe; to gall; hence, to eat away; to gnaw; as, to fret cloth; to fret a piece of gold or other metal; a worm frets the plants of a ship. With many a curve my banks I fret. Tennyson.

3. To impair; to wear away; to diminish. By starts His fretted fortunes give him hope and fear. Shak.

4. To make rough, agitate, or disturb; to cause to ripple; as, to fret the surface of water.

5. To tease; to irritate; to vex. Fret not thyself because of evil doers. Ps. xxxvii. 1.

FRET
Fret, v. i.

1. To be worn away; to chafe; to fray; as, a wristband frets on the edges.

2. To eat in; to make way by corrosion. Many wheals arose, and fretted one into another with great excoriation. Wiseman.

3. To be agitated; to be in violent commotion; to rankle; as, rancor frets in the malignant breast.

4. To be vexed; to be chafed or irritated; to be angry; to utter peevish expressions. He frets, he fumes, he stares, he stamps the ground. Dryden.

FRET
Fret, n.

1. The agitation of the surface of a fluid by fermentation or other cause; a rippling on the surface of water. Addison.

2. Agitation of mind marked by complaint and impatience; disturbance of temper; irritation; as, he keeps his mind in a continual fret. Yet then did Dennis rave in furious fret. Pope.

3. Herpes; tetter. Dunglison.

4. pl. (Mining)

Defn: The worn sides of river banks, where ores, or stones containing them, accumulate by being washed down from the hills, and thus indicate to the miners the locality of the veins.

FRET Fret, v. t. Etym: [OE. fretten to adorn, AS. frætwan, frætwian; akin to OS. fratah, cf. Goth. us-fratwjan to make wise, also AS. frætwe ornaments, OS. fratahi adornment.]

Defn: To ornament with raised work; to variegate; to diversify.
Whose skirt with gold was fretted all about. Spenser.
Yon gray lines, That fret the clouds, are messengers of day. Shak.

FRET
Fret, n.

1. Ornamental work in relief, as carving or embossing. See Fretwork.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: An ornament consisting of smmall fillets or slats intersecting each other or bent at right angles, as in classical designs, or at obilique angles, as often in Oriental art. His lady's cabinet is a adorned on the fret, ceiling, and chimney- piece with . . . carving. Evelyn.

3. The reticulated headdress or net, made of gold or silver wire, in which ladies in the Middle Ages confined their hair. A fret of gold she had next her hair. Chaucer. Fret saw, a saw with a long, narrow blade, used in cutting frets, scrolls, etc.; a scroll saw; a keyhole saw; a compass saw.

FRET Fret, n. Etym: [F. frette a saltire, also a hoop, ferrule, prob. a dim. of L. ferrum iron. For sense 2, cf. also E. fret to rub.]

1. (Her.)

Defn: A saltire interlaced with a mascle.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: A short piece of wire, or other material fixed across the finger board of a guitar or a similar instrument, to indicate where the finger is to be placed.

FRET
Fret, v. t.

Defn: To furnish with frets, as an instrument of music.

FRETFUL
Fret"ful, a. Etym: [See 2d Fret.]

Defn: Disposed to fret; ill-humored; peevish; angry; in a state of
vexation; as, a fretful temper.
— Fret"ful-ly, adv.
— Fret"ful-ness, n.

Syn. — Peevish; ill-humored; ill-natured; irritable; waspish; captious; petulant; splenetic; spleeny; passionate; angry. — Fretful, Peevish, Cross. These words all indicate an unamiable working and expression of temper. Peevish marks more especially the inward spirit: a peevish man is always ready to find fault. Fretful points rather to the outward act, and marks a complaining impatience: sickly children are apt to be fretful. Crossness is peevishness mingled with vexation or anger.

FRETT
Frett, n. Etym: [See 2d Fret.] (Mining)

Defn: The worn side of the bank of a river. See 4th Fret, n., 4.

FRETT
Frett, n. Etym: [See Frit.]

Defn: A vitreous compound, used by potters in glazing, consisting of lime, silica, borax, lead, and soda.

FRETTED
Fret"ted, p. p. & a. Etym: [From 2d Fret.]

1. Rubbed or worn away; chafed.

2. Agitated; vexed; worried.

FRETTED
Fret"ted, p. p. & a. Etym: [See 5th Fret.]

1. Ornamented with fretwork; furnished with frets; variegated; made rough on the surface.

2. (Her.)

Defn: Interlaced one with another; — said of charges and ordinaries.

FRETTEN
Fret"ten, a. Etym: [The old p. p. of fret to rub.]

Defn: Rubbed; marked; as, pock-fretten, marked with the smallpox.
[Obs.] Wright.

FRETTER
Fret"ter, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, frets.

FRETTY
Fret"ty, a. Etym: [See 5th Fret.]

Defn: Adorned with fretwork.

FRETUM
Fre"tum, n.; pl. Freta. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A strait, or arm of the sea.

FRETWORK
Fret"work, n. Etym: [6th fret + work.]

Defn: Work adorned with frets; ornamental openwork or work in relief, esp. when elaborate and minute in its parts. Heuce, any minute play of light andshade, dark and light, or the like. Banqueting on the turf in the fretwork of shade and sunshine. Macaulay.

FREYA
Frey"a, n. Etym: [Icel. Freyja.] (Scand. Myth.)

Defn: The daughter of Njörd, aud goddess of love and beauty; the Scandinavian Venus; — in Teutonic myths confounded with Frigga, but in Scandinavian, distinct. [Written also Frea, Fraying, and Ereyja.]

FRIABIIITY
Fri"a*bii"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. friabilité.]

Defn: The quality of being friable; friableness. Locke.

FRIABLE
Fri"a*ble, a.

Defn: [friabilis, fr. friare to rub, break, or crumble into small pieces, cf. fricare to rub, E. fray. cf. F. friable.) Easily crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder. "Friable ground." Evelyn. "Soft and friable texture." Paley. — Fri'a-ble-ness, n.

FRIAR Fri"ar, n. Etym: [OR. frere, F. frère brother, friar, fr. L. frater brother. See Brother.]

1. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A brother or member of any religious order, but especially of
one of the four mendicant orders, viz: (a) Minors, Gray Friars, or
Franciscans. (b) Augustines. (c) Dominicans or Black Friars. (d)
White Friars or Carmelites. See these names in the Vocabulary.

2. (Print.)

Defn: A white or pale patch on a printed page.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An American fish; the silversides. Friar bird (Zoöl.), an Australian bird (Tropidorhynchus corniculatus), having the head destitute of feathers; — called also coldong, leatherhead, pimlico; poor soldier, and four-o'clock. The name is also applied to several other species of the same genus. — Friar's balsam (Med.), a stimulating application for wounds and ulcers, being an alcoholic solution of benzoin, styrax, tolu balsam, and aloes; compound tincture of benzoin. Brande & C. — Friar's cap (Bot.), the monkshood. — Friar's cowl (Bot.), an arumlike plant (Arisarum vulgare) with a spathe or involucral leaf resembling a cowl. — Friar's lantern, the ignis fatuus or Will-o'-the-wisp. Milton. — Friar skate (Zoöl.), the European white or sharpnosed skate (Raia alba); — called also Burton skate, border ray, scad, and doctor.

FRIARLY
Fri"ar*ly, a.

Defn: Like a friar; inexperienced. Bacon.

FRIARY
Fri"ar*y, a. Etym: [From Friar, n.]

Defn: Like a friar; pertaining to friars or to a convent. [Obs.]
Camden.

FRIARY
Fri"ar*y, n. Etym: [OF. frerie, frairie, fr. frère. See Friar.]

1. A monastery; a convent of friars. Drugdale.

2. The institution or praactices of friars. Fuller.

FRIATION
Fri*a"tion, n. Etym: [See Friable.]

Defn: The act of breaking up or pulverizing.

FRIBBLE
Frib"ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. frivole, L. frivolus, or E. frippery.]

Defn: Frivolous; trifling; sily.

FRIBBLE
Frib"ble, n.

Defn: A frivolous, contemptible fellow; a fop.
A pert fribble of a peer. Thackeray.

FRIBBLE
Frib"ble, v. i.

1. To act in a trifling or foolish manner; to act frivolously. The fools that are fribbling round about you. Thackeray.

2. To totter. [Obs.]

FRIBBLER
Frib"bler, n.

Defn: A trifler; a fribble.

FRIBBLING
Frib"bling, a.

Defn: Frivolous; trining; toolishly captious.

FRIBORG; FRIBORGH Fri"borg , Fri"borgh, n. Etym: [AS. fri, lit., peace PLAGE; fri peace + borh, borg, pledge, akin to E. borrow. The first part of the word was confused with free, the last part, with borough.] (Old Eng. Law)

Defn: The pledge and tithing, afterwards called by the Normans frankpledge. See Frankpledge. [Written also friburgh and fribourg.] Burril.

FRICACE
Fric"ace, n. Etym: [See Fricassee.]

1. Meat sliced and dressed with strong sauce. [Obs.] King.

2. An unguent; also, the act of rubbing with the unguent.

FRICANDEAU; FRICANDO Fri"can`deau`, Fric"*an*do (, n. Etym: [F. fricandeau; cf. Sp. fricandó.]

Defn: A ragout or fricassee of veal; a fancy dish of veal or of boned turkey, served as an entrée, — called also fricandel. A. J. Cooley.

FRICASSEE Fric"as*see`, n. Etym: [F. fricassée, fr. fricasser to fry, fricassee; cf. LL. fricare, perh. for frictare, fricare, frictum, to rub. Cf. Fry, Friction.]

Defn: A dish made of fowls, veal, or other meat of small animals cut into pieces, and stewed in a gravy.

FRICASSEE
Fric"as*see`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fricassed; p. pr. &. vb. n.
Fricasseeing.]

Defn: To dress like a fricassee.

FRICATION
Fri*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. fricatio, fr. fricare, fricatum, to rub. ]

Defn: Friction. [Obs.] Bacon.

FRICATIVE
Fric"a*tive, a. Etym: [See Frication.] (Phon.)

Defn: Produced by the friction or rustling of the breath, intonated or unintonated, through a narrow opening between two of the mouth organs; uttered through a close approach, but not with a complete closure, of the organs of articulation, and hence capable of being continued or prolonged; — said of certain consonantal sounds, as f, v, s, z, etc. — n.

Defn: A fricative consonant letter or sound. See Guide to
Pronunciation, §§ 197-206, etc.

FRICATRICE
Fric"a*trice, n. Etym: [Cf. L. frictrix, fr. fricare to rub.]

Defn: A lewd woman; a harlot. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

FRICKLE
Fric"kle, n.

Defn: A bushel basket. [Obs.]

FRICTION Fric"tion, n. Etym: [L. frictio, fr. fricare, frictum,to rub: cf. F. friction. See Fray to rub, arid cf. Dentifrice.]

1. The act of rubbing the surface of one body against that of another; attrition; in hygiene, the act of rubbing the body with the hand, with flannel, or with a brush etc., to excite the skin to healthy action.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: The resistance which a body meets with from the surface on which it moves. It may be resistance to sliding motion, or to rolling motion.

3. A clashing between two persons or parties in opinions or work; a disagreement tending to prevent or retard progress. Angle of friction (Mech.), the angle which a plane onwhich a body is lying makes with a horizontal plane,when the hody is just ready to slide dewn the plane.

Note: This angle varies for different bodies, and for planes of different materials. — Anti-friction wheels (Mach.), wheels turning freely on small pivots, and sustaining, at the angle formed by their circumferences, the pivot or journal of a revolving shaft, to relieve it of friction; — called also friction wheels. — Friction balls, or Friction rollers, balls or rollers placed so as to receive the pressure or weight of bodies in motion, and relieve friction, as in the hub of a bicycle wheel. — Friction brake (Mach.), a form of dynamometer for measuring the power a motor exerts. A clamp around the revolving shaft or fly wheel of the motor resists the motion by its friction, the work thus absorbed being ascertained by observing the force required to keep the clamp from revolving with the shaft; a Prony brake. — Friction chocks, brakes attached to the common standing garrison carriages of guns, so as to raise the trucks or wheels off the platform when the gun begins to recoil, and prevent its running back. Earrow. — Friction clutch, Friction coupling, an engaging and disengaging gear for revolving shafts, pulleys, etc., acting by friction; esp.: (a) A device in which a piece on one shaft or pulley is so forcibly pressed against a piece on another shaft that the two will revolve together; as, in the illustration, the cone a on one shaft, when thrust forcibly into the corresponding hollow cone b on the other shaft, compels the shafts to rotate together, by the hold the friction of the conical surfaces gives. (b) A toothed clutch, one member of which, instead of being made fast on its shaft, is held by friction and can turn, by slipping, under excessive strain or in starting. — Friction drop hammer, one in which the hammer is raised for striking by the friction of revolving rollers which nip the hammer rod. — Friction gear. See Frictional gearing, under Frictional. — Friction machine, an electrical machine, generating electricity by friction. — Friction meter, an instrument for measuring friction, as in testing lubricants. — Friction powder, Friction composition, a composition of chlorate of potassium, antimony, sulphide, etc, which readily ignites by friction. — Friction primer, Friction tube, a tube used for firing cannon by means of the friction of a roughened wire in the friction powder or composition with which the tube is filled — Friction wheel (Mach.), one of the wheels in frictional gearing. See under Frictional.

FRICTIONAL
Fric"tion*al, a.

Defn: Relating to friction; moved by friction; produced by friction; as, frictional electricity. Frictional gearing, wheels which transmit motion by surface friction instead of teeth. The faces are sometimes made more or less V-shaped to increase or decrease friction, as required.

FRICTIONLESS
Fric"tion*less, a.

Defn: Having no friction.

FRIDAY Fri"day, n. Etym: [AS. frigedæg, fr. Frigu, the gooddes of marriage; friqu love + dæg day; cf. Icel. Frigg name of a goddess, the wife of Odin or Wodan, OHG. Friatag, Isel. Frjadagr. AS. frigu is prob. from the root of E. friend, free. See Free, and Day.]

Defn: The sixth day of the week, following Thursday and preceding
Saturday.

FRIDGE Fridge, v. t. Etym: [AS. frician to dance, from free bold. Cf. Freak, n.]

Defn: To rub; to fray. [Obs.] Sterne.

FRIDSTOL; FRITHSTOOL
Frid"stol`, Frith`stool", n. Etym: [AS. fril. See Fred, and Stool.]

Defn: A seat in churches near the altar, to which offenders formerly fled for sanctuary. [Written variously fridstool, freedstool, etc.] [Obs.]

FRIED
Fried,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Fry.

FRIEND Friend, n. Etym: [OR. frend, freond, AS. freónd, prop. p. pr. of freón, freógan, to love; akin to D. vriend friend, OS. friund friend, friohan to love, OHG. friunt friend, G. freund, Icel. frændi kinsman, Sw. frände. Goth. frij friend, frij to love. sq. root83. See Free, and cf. Fiend.]

1. One who entertains for another suo Want gives to know the flatterer from the friend. Dryden. A friend that sticketh closer than a brother. Prov. xviii. 24.

2. One not inimical or hostile; one not a foe or enemy; also, one of the same nation, party, kin, etc., whose friendly feelings may be assumed. The word is some times used as a term of friendly address. Friend, how camest thou in hither Matt. xxii. 12.

3. One who looks propitiously on a cause, an institution, a project, and the like; a favorer; a promoter; as, a friend to commerce, to poetry, to an institution.

4. One of a religious sect characterized by disuse of outward rites and an ordained ministry, by simplicity of dress and speech, and esp. by opposition to war and a desire to live at peace with all men. They are popularly called Quakers. America was first visited by Friends in 1656. T. Chase.

5. A paramour of either sex. [Obs.] Shak. A friend at court or in court, one disposed to act as a friend in a place of special opportunity or influence. — To be friends with, to have friendly relations with. "He's . . . friends with Cæsar." Shak. — To make friends with, to become reconciled to or on friendly terms with. "Having now made friends with the Athenians." Jowett (Thucyd. ).

FRIEND
Friend, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Friended; p. pr, & vb. n. Friending.]

Defn: To act as the friend of; to favor; to countenance; to befriend.
[Obs.]
Fortune friends the bold. Spenser.

FRIENDED
Friend"ed, a.

1. Having friends; [Obs.]

2. Iuclined to love; well-disposed. [Obs.] Shak.

FRIENDING
Friend"ing, n.

Defn: Friendliness. [Obs.] Shak.

FRIENDLESS
Friend"less, a. Etym: [AS. freóndleás.]

Defn: Destitute of friends; forsaken.
— Friend"less*ness, n.

FRIENDLILY
Friend"li*ly, adv.

Defn: In a friendly manner. Pope.

FRIENDLINESS
Friend"li*ness, n.

Defn: The condition or quality of being friendly. Sir P. Sidney.

FRIENDLY
Friend"ly, a. Etym: [AS. freéndlice.]

1. Having the temper and disposition of a friend; disposed to promote the good of another; kind; favorable.

2. Appropriate to, or implying, friendship; befitting friends; amicable. In friendly relations with his moderate opponents. Macaulay.

3. Not hostile; as, a friendly power or state.

4. Promoting the good of any person; favorable; propitious; serviceable; as, a friendly breeze or gale. On the first friendly bank he throws him down. Addison.

Syn.
— Amicable; kind; conciliatory; propitious; favorable. See
Amicable.

FRIENDLY
Friend"ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of friends; amicably; like friends. [Obs.] Shak.
In whom all graces that can perfect beauty Are friendly met. Beau. &
Fl.

FRIENDSHIP
Friend"ship, n. Etym: [AS. freóndscipe. See Friend, and -ship.]

1. The state of being friends; friendly relation, or attachment, to a person, or between persons; affection arising from mutual esteem and good will; friendliness; amity; good will. There is little friendship in the world. Bacon. There can be no friendship without confidence, and no confidence without integrity. Rambler. Preferred by friendship, and not chosen by sufficiency. Spenser.

2. Kindly aid; help; assistance, [Obs.] Some friendship will it [a hovel] lend you gainst the tempest. Shak.

3. Aptness to unite; conformity; affinity; harmony; correspondence. [Obs.] Those colors . . . have a friendship with each other. Dryden.

FRIER
Fri"er, n.

Defn: One who fries.

FRIESE
Friese, n.

Defn: Same as Friesic, n.

FRIESIC
Fries"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Friesland, a province in the northern part of the Netherlands.

FRIESIC
Fries"ic, n.

Defn: The language of the Frisians, a Teutonic people formerly occupying a large part of the coast of Holland and Northwestern Germany. The modern dialects of Friesic are spoken chiefly in the province of Friesland, and on some of the islands near the coast of Germany and Denmark.

FRIESISH
Fries"ish, a.

Defn: Friesic. [R.]

FRIEZE Frieze, n. Etym: [Perh. the same word as frieze a, kind of cloth. Cf. Friz.] (Arch.) (a) That part of the entablature of an order which is between the architrave and cornice. It is a flat member or face, either uniform or broken by triglyphs, and often enriched with figures and other ornaments of sculpture. (b) Any sculptured or richly ornamented band in a building or, by extension, in rich pieces of furniture. See Illust. of Column. Cornice or frieze with bossy sculptures graven. Milton.

FRIEZE Frieze, n. Etym: [F. frise, perh. originally a woolen cloth or stuff from Friesland (F. Frise); cf. LL. frisii panni and frissatus pannus, a shaggy woolen cloth, F. friser to friz, curl. Cf. Friz.]

Defn: A kind of coarse woolen cloth or stuff with a shaggy or tufted (friezed) nap on one side. "Robes of frieze." Goldsmith.

FRIEZE
Frieze, v. t.

Defn: To make a nap on (cloth); to friz. See Friz, v. t.,

2. Friezing machine, a machine for friezing cloth; a friezing machine.

FRIEZED
Friezed, a.

Defn: Gathered, or having the map gathered, into little tufts, knots, or protuberances. Cf. Frieze, v. t., and Friz, v. t.,

2.

FRIEZER
Frie"zer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, friezes or frizzes.

FRIGATE Frig"ate, n. Etym: [F. frégate, It. fregata, prob. contracted fr. L. fabricata something constructed or. built. See Fabricate.]

1. Originally, a vessel of the Mediterranean propelled by sails and by oars. The French, about 1650, transferred the name to larger vessels, and by 1750 it had been appropriated for a class of war vessels intermediate between corvettes and ships of the line. Frigates, from about 1750 to 1850, had one full battery deck and, often, a spar deck with a lighter battery. They carried sometimes as many as fifty guns. After the application of steam to navigation steam frigates of largely increased size and power were built, and formed the main part of the navies of the world till about 1870, when the introduction of ironclads superseded them. [Formerly spelled frigat and friggot.]

2. Any small vessel on the water. [Obs.] Spenser. Frigate bird (Zoöl.), a web-footed rapacious bird, of the genus Fregata; — called also man-of-war bird, and frigate pelican. Two species are known; that of the Southern United States and West Indies is F. aquila. They are remarkable for their long wings and powerful flight. Their food consists of fish which they obtain by robbing gulls, terns, and other birds, of their prey. They are related to the pelicans. — Frigate mackerel (Zoöl.), an oceanic fish (Auxis Rochei) of little or no value as food, often very abundant off the coast of the United States. — Frigate pelican. (Zoöl.) Same as Frigate bird.

FRIGATE-BUILT
Frig"ate-built", a. (Naut.)

Defn: Built like a frigate with a raised quarter-deck and forecastle.

FRIGATOON
Frig"a*toon`, n. Etym: [It. fregatone: cf. F.frégaton. See Frigate.]
(Naut.)

Defn: A Venetian vessel, with a square stern, having only a mainmast, jigger mast, and bowsprit; also a sloop of war ship-rigged.

FRIGEFACTION
Frig"e*fac`tion, n. Etym: [L. frigere to be cold + facere to make.]

Defn: The act of making cold. [Obs.]

FRIGEFACTIVE
Frig"e*fac`tive, a.

Defn: Cooling. [Obs.] Boyle.

FRIGERATE
Frig"er*ate, e. t. Etym: [L. frigerare, fr. frigus cold.]

Defn: To make cool. [Obs.] Blount.

FRIGG; FRIGGA
Frigg, Frig"ga n. Etym: [Icel. Frigg. See Friday.] (Scand. Myth.)

Defn: The wife of Odin and mother of the gods; the supreme goddess; the Juno of the Valhalla. Cf. Freya.

FRIGHT
Fright, n. Etym: [OE. frigt, freyht, AS. fyrhto, fyrhtu; akin to OS.
forhta, OHG. forhta, forahta, G. furcht, Dan. frygt, Sw. fruktan,
Goth. faúrhtei fear, faúrhts timid.]

1. A state of terror excited by the sudden appearance of danger; sudden and violent fear, usually of short duration; a sudden alarm.

2. Anything strange, ugly or shocking, producing a feeling of alarm or aversion. [Colloq.]

Syn.
— Alarm; terror; consternation. See Alarm.

FRIGHT Fright, v. t. [imp. Frighted; p. pr. & vb. n.. Frighting.] Etym: [OE. frigten to fear, frighten, AS. fyrhtan to frighten, forhtian to fear; akin to OS. forhtian, OHG. furihten, forahtan, G. fürchten, Sw. frukta, Dan. frygte, Goth. faurhtjan. See Fright, n., and cf. Frighten.]

Defn: To alarm suddenly; to shock by causing sudden fear; to terrify;
to scare.
Nor exile or danger can fright a brave spirit. Dryden.

Syn.
— To affright; dismay; daunt; intimidate.

FRIGHTEN
Fright"en, v. t. [imp. Frightened; p. pr. & vb. n. Frightening.]
Etym: [See Fright, v. t.]

Defn: To disturb with fear; to throw into a state of alarm or fright; to affright; to terrify. More frightened than hurt. Old Proverb.

FRIGHTFUL
Fright"ful, a.

1. Full of fright; affrighted; frightened. [Obs.] See how the frightful herds run from the wood. W. Browne.

2. Full of that which causes fright; exciting alarm; impressing terror; shocking; as, a frightful chasm, or tempest; a frightful appearance.

Syn. — Terrible; dreadful; alarming; fearful; terrific; awful; horrid; horrible; shocking. — Frightful, Dreadful, Awful. These words all express fear. In frightful, it is a sudden emotion; in dreadful, it is deeper and more prolonged; in awful, the fear is mingled with the emotion of awe, which subdues us before the presence of some invisible power. An accident may be frightful; the approach of death is dreadful to most men; the convulsions of the earthquake are awful.

FRIGHTFULLY
Fright"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: In a frightful manner; to a frightful dagree.

FRIGHTFULNESS
Fright"ful*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being frightful.

FRIGHTLESS
Fright"less, a.

Defn: Free from fright; fearless. [Obs.]

FRIGHTMENT
Fright"ment, n.

Defn: Fear; terror. [Obs.]

FRIGID
Frig"id, a. Etym: [L. frigidus, fr. frigere to be cold; prob. akin to
Gr. Frill.]

1. Cold; wanting heat or warmth; of low temperature; as, a frigid climate.

2. Wanting warmth, fervor, ardor, fire, vivacity, etc.; unfeeling; forbidding in manner; dull and unanimated; stiff and formal; as, a frigid constitution; a frigid style; a frigid look or manner; frigid obedience or service.

3. Wanting natural heat or vigor sufficient to excite the generative power; impotent. Johnson. Frigid zone, that part of the earth which lies between either polar circle and its pole. It extends 23Arctic.

FRIGIDARIUM Frig"i*da`ri*um, n.; pl. Frigidaria. Etym: [L., neut. of frigidarium cooling.]

Defn: The cooling room of the Roman thermæ, furnished with a cold bath.

FRIGIDITY
Fri*gid"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. frigiditas: cf. F. frigidité.]

1. The condition or quality of being frigid; coldness; want of warmth. Ice is water congealed by the frigidity of the air. Sir T. Browne.

2. Want of ardor, animation, vivacity, etc.; coldness of affection or of manner; dullness; stiffness and formality; as, frigidity of a reception, of a bow, etc.

3. Want of heat or vigor; as, the frigidity of old age.

FRIGIDLY
Frig"id*ly, adv.

Defn: In a frigid manner; coldly; dully; without affection.

FRIGIDNESS
Frig"id*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being frigid; want of heat, vigor, or affection; coldness; dullness.

FRIGORIFIC; FRIGORIFICAL Frig"o*rif"ic, Frig"o*rif`ic*al a. Etym: [L. frigorificus; frigus, frigoris, cold + facere to make: cf. F. frigorifique.]

Defn: Causing cold; producing or generating cold. Quincy.

FRIJOL; FRIJOLE; FREJOL Fri"jol, Fri"jole, n.; pl. Frijoles. Also Fre"jol. [Sp. fríjol, fréjol.]

1. In Mexico, the southwestern United States, and the West Indies, any cultivated bean of the genus Phaseolus, esp. the black seed of a variety of P. vulgaris.

2. The beanlike seed of any of several related plants, as the cowpea. Frijoles are an important article of diet among Spanish- American peoples, being used as an ingredient of many dishes.

FRILL
Frill, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Frilled; p. pr. & vb. n. Frilling.] Etym:
[OF. friller, fr. L. frigidulus somewhat cold, dim. of frigidus cold;
akin to F. frileux chilly.]

1. To shake or shiver as with cold; as, the hawk frills. Johnson.

2. (Photog.)

Defn: To wrinkle; — said of the gelatin film.

FRILL
Frill, v. t.

Defn: To provide or decorate with a frill or frills; to turn back. in crimped plaits; as, to frill a cap.

FRILL Frill, n. Etym: [See Frill, v. i.]. (Zoöl.) (a) A ruffing of a bird's feathers from cold. (b) A ruffle, consisting of a fold of membrane, of hairs, or of feathers, around the neck of an animal. See Frilled lizard (below). (c) A similar ruffle around the legs or other appendages of animals. (d) A ruffled varex or fold on certain shells.

2. A border or edging secured at one edge and left free at the other, usually fluted or crimped like a very narrow flounce.

FRILLED
Frilled, a.

Defn: Furnished with a frill or frills. Frilled lizard (Zoöl.), a large Australian lizard (Chlamydosaurus Kingii) about three feet long, which has a large, erectile frill on each side of the neck.

FRIM
Frim, a. Etym: [Cf. AS. freme good, bold, and E. frame.]

Defn: Flourishing; thriving; fresh; in good case; vigorous. [Obs.]
"Frim pastures." Drayton.

FRIMAIRE
Fri"maire`, n. Etym: [F., fr. frimas hoarfrost.]

Defn: The third month of the French republican calendar. It commenced
November 21, and ended December 20., See Vendémiaire.

FRINGE Fringe, n. Etym: [OF, fringe, F. frange, prob. fr. L. fimbria fiber, thread, fringe, cf. fibra fiber, E. fiber, fimbriate.]

1. An ornamental appendage to the border of a piece of stuff, originally consisting of the ends of the warp, projecting beyond the woven fabric; but more commonly made separate and sewed on, consisting sometimes of projecting ends, twisted or plaited together, and sometimes of loose threads of wool, silk, or linen, or narrow strips of leather, or the like.

2. Something resembling in any respect a fringe; a line of objects along a border or edge; a border; an edging; a margin; a confine. The confines of grace and the fringes of repentance. Jer. Taylor.

3. (Opt.)

Defn: One of a number of light or dark bands, produced by the interference of light; a diffraction band; — called also interference fringe.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: The peristome or fringelike appendage of the capsules of most mosses. See Peristome. Fringe tree (Bot.), a small tree (Chionanthus Virginica), growing in the Southern United States, and having snow- white flowers, with long pendulous petals.

FRINGE
Fringe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fringed; p. pr. & vb. a. Fringing.]

Defn: To adorn the edge of with a fringe or as with a fringe.
Precipices fringed with grass. Bryant.
Fringing reef. See Coral reefs, under Coral.

FRINGED
Fringed, a.

Defn: Furnished with a fringe. Fringed lear (Bot.), a leaf edged with soft parallel hairs.

FRINGELESS
Fringe"less, a.

Defn: Having no fringe.

FRINGENT
Frin"gent, a.

Defn: Encircling like a fringe; bordering. [R.] "The fringent air."
Emerson.

FRINGE TREE
Fringe tree.

Defn: A small oleaceous tree (Chionanthus virginica), of the southern
United States, having clusters of white flowers with slender petals.
It is often cultivated.

FRINGILLA
Frin*gil"la, a. Etym: [NL., fr. L. fringilla a chaffinch.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of birds, with a short, conical, pointed bill. It formerly included all the sparrows and finches, but is now restricted to certain European finches, like the chaffinch and brambling.

FRINGILLACEOUS
Frin`gil*la"ceous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Fringilline.

FRINGILLINE
Frin*gil"line, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the family Fringillidæ; characteristic of finches; sparrowlike.

FRINGY
Frin"gy, a.

Defn: Aborned with fringes. Shak.

FRIPPER
Frip"per, n. Etym: [F. fripier, fr. friper to rumple, fumble, waste.]

Defn: One who deals in frippery or in old clothes. [Obs.] Bacon.

FRIPPERER
Frip"per*er, n.

Defn: A fripper. [Obs.] Johnson.

FRIPPERY
Frip"per*y, n. Etym: [F. friperie, fr. fruper. See Fripper.]

1. Coast-off clothes. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. Hence: Secondhand finery; cheap and tawdry decoration; affected
elegance.
Fond of gauze and French frippery. Goldsmith.
The gauzy frippery of a French translation. Sir W. Scott.

3. A place where old clothes are sold. Shak.

4. The trade or traffic in old clothes.

FRIPPERY
Frip"per*y, a.

Defn: Trifling; contemptible.

FRISETTE; FRIZETTE
Fri*sette", Fri*zette", n. [F. frisette curl.]

Defn: a fringe of hair or curls worn about the forehead by women.

FRISEUR
Fri"seur, n. Etym: [F., fr. friser to curl, frizzle. See Frizzle.]

Defn: A hairdresser.

FRISIAN
Fri"sian, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Friesland, a province of the Netherlands;
Friesic.

FRISIAN
Fri"sian, n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Friesland; also, the language spoken in Friesland. See Friesic, n.

FRISK
Frisk, a. Etym: [OF. frieque, cf. OHG. frise lively, brisk, fresh,
Dan. & Sw. frisk, Icel. friskr. See Fresh, a.]

Defn: Lively; brisk; frolicsome; frisky. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

FRISK
Frisk, a.

Defn: A frolic; a fit of wanton gayety; a gambol: a little playful skip or leap. Johnson.

FRISK
Frisk, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Frisked; p. pr. & vb. n. Frisking.]

Defn: To leap, skip, dance, or gambol, in fronc and gayety.
The frisking satyrs on the summits danced. Addison.

FRISKAL
Frisk"al, n.

Defn: A leap or caper. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

FRISKER
Frisker, n.

Defn: One who frisks; one who leaps of dances in gayety; a wanton; an inconstant or unsettled person. Camden.

FRISKET Fris"ket, n. Etym: [F. frisguette. Perh. so named from the velocity or frequency of its motion. See Frisk a.] (Print.)

Defn: The light frame which holds the sheet of paper to the tympan in printing.

FRISKFUL
Frisk"ful, a.

Defn: Brisk; lively; frolicsome.

FRISKILY
Frisk"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a frisky manner.

FRISKINESS
Frisk"i*ness, n.

Defn: State or quality of being frisky.

FRISKY
Frisk"y, a.

Defn: Inclined to frisk; frolicsome; gay.
He is too frisky for an old man. Jeffrey.

FRISLET
Fris"let, n.

Defn: [Fraise a kind of defense; also Friz.) A kind of small ruffle.
Halliwell.

FRIST Frist, v. t. Etym: [OE. fristen, firsten, to lend, give respite, postpone, AS. firstan to give respite to; akin to first time, G. frist, Icel. frest delay.]

Defn: To sell upon credit, as goods. [R.] Crabb.

FRISURE
Fri"sure`, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The dressing of the hair by crisping or curling. Smollett.

FRIT
Frit, n. Etym: [F. fritte, fr. frit fried, p. p. of frire to fry. See
Far, v. t.]

1. (Glass Making)

Defn: The material of which glass is made, after having been calcined or partly fused in a furnace, but before vitrification. It is a composition of silex and alkali, occasionally with other ingredients. Ure.

2. (Ceramics)

Defn: The material for glaze of pottery. Frit brick, a lump of calcined glass materials, brought to a pasty condition in a reverberatory furnace, preliminary to the perfect vitrification in the melting pot.

FRIT
Frit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fritted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fritting.]

Defn: To prepare by heat (the materials for making glass); to fuse partially. Ure.

FRIT
Frit, v. t.

Defn: To fritter; — with away. [R.] Ld. Lytton.

FRITFLY
Frit"fly`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small dipterous fly of the genus Oscinis, esp. O. vastator, injurious to grain in Europe, and O. Trifole, injurious to clover in America.

FRITH Frith, n. Etym: [OE. firth, Icel. fjör; akin to Sw. fjärd, Dan. fiord, E. ford. sq. root78. See Ford, n., and cf. Firth, Fiord, Fret a frith, Port a harbor.]

1. (Geog.)

Defn: A narrow arm of the sea; an estuary; the opening of a river into the sea; as, the Frith of Forth.

2. A kind of weir for catching fish. [Eng.] Carew.

FRITH Frith, n. Etym: [OE. frith peace, protection, land inclosed for hunting, park, forest, AS. fri peace; akin to freno peace, protection, asylum, G. friede peace, Icel. fri, and from the root of E. free, friend. See Free, a., and cf. Affray, Defray.]

1. A forest; a woody place. [Obs.] Drayton.

2. A small field taken out of a common, by inclosing it; an inclosure. [Obs.] Sir J. Wynne.

FRITHY
Frith"y, a.

Defn: Woody. [Obs.] Skelton.

FRITILLARIA
Frit"il*la`ri*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. fritillus dicebox: cf. F.
fritillaire. So named from the checkered markings of the petals.]
(Bot.)

Defn: A genus of liliaceous plants, of which the crown-imperial
(Fritillaria imperialis) is one species, and the Guinea-hen flower
(F. Meleagris) another. See Crown-imperial.

FRITILLARY
Frit"il*la*ry, n.

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant with checkered petals, of the genus Fritillaria: the
Guinea-hen flower. See Fritillaria.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of several species of butterflies belonging to Argynnis and allied genera; — so called because the coloring of their wings resembles that of the common Fritillaria. See Aphrodite.

FRITINANCY
Frit"i*nan*cy, n. Etym: [L. fritinnire to twitter.]

Defn: A chirping or creaking, as of a cricket. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

FRITTER Frit"ter, n. Etym: [OR. fritour, friture, pancake, F. friture frying, a thing fried, from frire to fry. See Far, v. t.]

1. A small quantity of batter, fried in boiling lard or in a frying pan. Fritters are of various kinds, named from the substance inclosed in the batter; as, apple fritters, clam fritters, oyster fritters.

2. A fragment; a shred; a small piece. And cut whole giants into fritters. Hudibras. Corn fritter. See under Corn.

FRITTER
Frit"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frittered; p. pr. & vb. n. Frittering.]

1. To cut, as meat, into small pieces, for frying.

2. To break into small pieces or fragments. Break all nerves, and fritter all their sense. Pope. To fritter away, to diminish; to pare off; to reduce to nothing by taking away a little at a time; also, to waste piecemeal; as, to fritter away time, strength, credit, etc.

FRITTING
Frit"ting, n. Etym: [See Frit to expose to heat.]

Defn: The formation of frit or slag by heat with but incipient fusion.

FRIVOL
Friv"ol, v. i.

Defn: To act frivolously; to trifle. Kipling. — Friv"ol*er (#),
Friv"ol*ler, n. [All Colloq.]

FRIVOLISM
Friv"o*lism, n.

Defn: Frivolity. [R.] Pristley.

FRIVOLITY
Fri*vol"i*ty, n.; pl. Frivolities. Etym: [Cg. F. frivolité. See
Frivolous.]

Defn: The condition or quality of being frivolous; also, acts or habits of trifling; unbecoming levity of disposition.

FRIVOLOUS Friv"o*lous, a. Etym: [L. frivolus; prob. akin to friare to rub, crumble, E. friable: cf. F. frivole.]

1. Of little weight or importance; not worth notice; slight; as, a frivolous argument. Swift.

2. Given to trifling; marked with unbecoming levity; silly; interested especially in trifling matters. His personal tastes were low and frivolous. Macaulay.

Syn.
— Trifling; trivial; slight; petty; worthless.
— Friv"o*lous*ly, adv.
— Friv"o*lous*ness, n.

FRIZ Friz, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frizzed; p. pr. & vb. n. Frizzing.] Etym: [Cf. F. friser to curl, crisp, frizzle, to raise the nap (on certain stuffs); prob.akin to OFries. frisle hair of the head. Cf. Frieze kind of cloth.] [Written also frizz.]

1. To curl or form into small curls, as hair, with a crisping pin; to crisp. With her hair frizzed short up to her ears. Pepys.

2. To form into little burs, prominences, knobs, or tufts, as the nap of cloth.

3. (Leather Manufacture)

Defn: To soften and make of even thickness by rubbing, as with pumice stone or a blunt instrument. Frizzing machine. (a) (Fabrics) A machine for frizzing the surface of cloth. (b) (Wood Working) A bench with a revolving cutter head slightly protruding above its surface, for dressing boards.

FRIZ
Friz, n.; pl. Frizzes (.

Defn: That which is frizzed; anything crisped or curled, as a wig; a frizzle. [Written also frizz.] He [Dr. Johnson], who saw in his glass how his wig became his face and head, might easily infer that a similar fullbottomed, well-curled friz of words would be no less becoming to his thoughts. Hare.

FRIZE
Frize, n. (Arch.)

Defn: See 1st Frieze.

FRIZEL
Friz"el, a. (Firearms)

Defn: A movable furrowed piece of steel struck by the flint, to throw sparks into the pan, in an early form of flintlock. Knight.

FRIZETTE
Fri*zette", n. Etym: [F. frisette curl.]

Defn: A curl of hair or silk; a pad of frizzed hair or silk worn by women under the hair to stuff it out.

FRIZZ
Frizz, v. t. & n.

Defn: See Friz, v. t. & n.

FRIZZLE
Friz"zle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frizzled; p. pr. & vb. n. Frizzling.]
Etym: [Dim. of friz.]

Defn: To curl or crisp, as hair; to friz; to crinkle. Gay. To frizzle up, to crinkle or crisp excessively.

FRIZZLE
Friz"zle, n.

Defn: A curl; a lock of hair crisped. Milton.

FRIZZLER
Friz"zler`, n.

Defn: One who frizzles.

FRIZZLY; FRIZZY
Friz"zly, Friz"zy, a.

Defn: Curled or crisped; as, frizzly, hair.

FRO Fro, adv. Etym: [OE. fra, fro, adv. & prep., Icel. fr, akin to Dan. fra from, E. from. See From.]

Defn: From; away; back or backward; — now used only in oppositionto the word to, in the phrase to and fro, that is, to and from. See To and fro under To. Millon.

FRO
Fro, prep.

Defn: From. [Obs.] Chaucer.

FROCK Frock, n. Etym: [F. froc a monk's cowl, coat, garment, LL. frocus, froccus, flocus, floccus, fr. L. floccus a flock of wool; hence orig., a flocky cloth or garment;cf. L. flaccus flabby, E. flaccid.]

1. A loose outer garment; especially, a gown forming a part of European modern costume for women and children; also, a coarse hirtlike garment worn by some workmen over their ther clothes; a smock frock; as, a marketman's frock.

2. A coarse gown worn by monks or friars, and supposed to take the place of all, or nearly all, other garments. It has a hood which can be drawn over the head at pleasure, and is girded by a cord. Frock coat, a body coat for men, usually doublebreasted, the skirts not being in one piece with the body, but sewed on so as to be somewhat full. — Smock frock. See in the Vocabulary.

FROCK
Frock, v. t.

1. To clothe in a frock.

2. To make a monk of. Cf. Unfrock.

FROCKED
Frocked, a.

Defn: Clothed in a frock.

FROCKLESS
Frock"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of a frock.

FROE
Froe, n. Etym: [See Frow.]

Defn: A dirty woman; a slattern; a frow. [Obs.] "Raging frantic froes." Draylon.

FROE
Froe, n. Etym: [See Frow the tool]

Defn: An iron cleaver or splitting tool; a frow. [U. S.] Bartlett.

FROEBELIAN
Froe*bel"i*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, Friedrich Froebel, or the kindergarten system of education, which he organized. — n.

Defn: One who teaches by, or advocates the use of, the kindergarten system.

FROG Frog, n. Etym: [AS. froggu, frocga a frog (in sensel); akin to D. vorsch, OHG. frosk, G. frosch, Icel. froskr, fraukr, Sw. & Dan. frö.]

Defn: 1. (Zoöl.) An amphibious animal of the genus Rana and related genera, of many species. Frogs swim rapidly, and take long leaps on land. Many of the species utter loud notes in the springtime.

Note: The edible frog of Europe (Rana esculenta) is extensively used as food; the American bullfrog (R. Catesbiana) is remarkable for its great size and loud voice.

2. Etym: [Perh. akin to E. fork, cf. frush frog of a horse.] (Anat.)

Defn: The triangular prominence of the hoof, in the middle of the sole of the foot of the horse, and other animals; the fourchette.

3. (Railroads)

Defn: A supporting plate having raised ribs that form continuations of the rails, to guide the wheels where one track branches from another or crosses it.

4. Etym: [Cf. fraco of wool or silk, L. floccus, E. frock.]

Defn: An oblong cloak button, covered with netted thread, and fastening into a loop instead of a button hole.

5. The loop of the scabbard of a bayonet or sword. Cross frog
(Railroads), a frog adapted for tracks that cross at right angles.
— Frog cheese, a popular name for a large puffball.
— Frog eater, one who eats frogs; — a term of contempt applied to
a Frenchman by the vulgar class of English.
— Frog fly. (Zoöl.) See Frog hopper.
— Frog hopper (Zoöl.), a small, leaping, hemipterous insect living
on plants. The larvæ are inclosed are frothy liquid called cuckoo
spit or frog spit.
— Frog lily (Bot.), the yellow water lily (Nuphar).
— Frog spit (Zoöl.), the frothy exudation of the frog hopper; —
called also frog spittle. See Cuckoo spit, under Cuckoo.

FROG
Frog, v. t.

Defn: To ornament or fasten (a coat, etc.) with trogs. See Frog, n., 4.

FROGBIT Frog"bit`, n. (Bot.) (a) A European plant (Hydrocharis Morsus-ranæ), floating on still water and propagating itself by runners. It has roundish leaves and small white flowers. (b) An American plant (Limnobium Spongia), with similar habits.

FROG-EYED
Frog"-eyed`, a.

Defn: Spotted with whitish specks due to a disease, or produced artificially by spraying; — said of tobacco used for cigar wrappers.

FROGFISH Frog"fish`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) See Angler, n., 2. (b) An oceanic fish of the genus Antennarius or Pterophrynoides; — called also mousefish and toadfish.

FROGGED
Frogged, a.

Defn: Provided or ornamented with frogs; as, a frogged coat. See
Frog, n., 4. Ld. Lytton.

FROGGY
Frog"gy, a.

Defn: Abounding in frogs. Sherwood.

FROGMOUTH
Frog"mouth`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of several species of Asiatic and East Indian birds of the genus Batrachostomus (family Podargidæ); — so called from their very broad, flat bills.

FROGS-BIT
Frog"s`-bit", n. (Bot.)

Defn: Frogbit.

FROGSHELL
Frog"shell`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of numerous species of marine gastropod shells, belonging to Ranella and allied genera.

FROISE Froise, n. Etym: [OE. froise cf. F. froisser to bruise, E. frush to bruise,]

Defn: A kind of pancake. See 1st Fraise. [Written also fraise.]

FROLIC Frol"ic, a. Etym: [D. vroolijk; akin to G. frölich, fr. froh, OHG. fr, Dan. fro, OS. fr, cf. Icel. fr swift; all perh. akin to Skr. pru to spring up.]

Defn: Full of levity; dancing, playing, or frisking about; full of
pranks; frolicsome; gay; merry.
The frolic wind that breathes the spring. Milton.
The gay, the frolic, and the loud. Waller.

FROLIC
Frol"ic, n.

1. A wild prank; a flight of levity, or of gayety and mirth. He would be at his frolic once again. Roscommon.