B (part 3)

Note: Two kinds were particularly esteemed, the Bezoar orientale of
India, and the Bezoar occidentale of Peru. Bezoar antelope. See
Antelope.
— Bezoar goat (Zoöl.), the wild goat (Capra ægagrus).
— Bezoar mineral, an old preparation of oxide of antimony. Ure.

BEZOARDIC
Bez`o*ar"dic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. bézoardique, bézoartique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or compounded with, bezoar.
— n.

Defn: A medicine containing bezoar.

BEZOARTIC; BEZOARTICAL
Bez`o*ar"tic, Bez`o*ar"tic*al, a. Etym: [See Bezoardic.]

Defn: Having the qualities of an antidote, or of bezoar; healing.
[Obs.]

BEZONIAN
Be*zo"ni*an, n. Etym: [Cf. F. besoin need, want, It bisogno.]

Defn: A low fellow or scoundrel; a beggar.
Great men oft die by vile bezonians. Shak.

BEZPOPOVTSY Bez`po*pov"tsy, n. [Russ.; bez without + popovtsy, a derivative of pop priest.]

Defn: A Russian sect. See Raskolnik.

BEZZLE
Bez"zle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bezzled; p. pr. & vb. n. Bezzling.]
Etym: [OF. besillier, besiler, to maltreat, pillage; or shortened fr.
embezzle. Cf. Embezzle.]

Defn: To plunder; to waste in riot. [Obs.]

BEZZLE
Bez"zle, v. i.

Defn: To drink to excess; to revel. [Obs.]

BHANG
Bhang, n. Etym: [Per. bang; cf. Skr. bhanga hemp.]

Defn: An astringent and narcotic drug made from the dried leaves and seed capsules of wild hemp (Cannabis Indica), and chewed or smoked in the East as a means of intoxication. See Hasheesh.

BHEESTY; BHEESTIE Bhees"ty, Bhees"tie, n. [Written also bhistee, bhisti, etc.] [Per. bihishti lit., heavenly.]

Defn: A water carrier, as to a household or a regiment. [India]

BHISTEE; BHISTI
Bhis"tee, Bhis"ti, n.

Defn: Same as Bheesty. [India]

BHUNDER
Bhun"der, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An Indian monkey (Macacus Rhesus), protected by the Hindoos as sacred. See Rhesus.

BI; BI-
Bi*. Etym: [L. bis twice, which in composition drops the -s, akin to
E. two. See Bis-, Two, and cf. Di-, Dis-.]

1. In most branches of science bi- in composition denotes two, twice, or doubly; as, bidentate, two-toothed; biternate, doubly ternate, etc.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: In the composition of chemical names bi- denotes two atoms, parts, or equivalents of that constituent to the name of which it is prefixed, to one of the other component, or that such constituent is present in double the ordinary proportion; as, bichromate, bisulphide. Be- and di- are often used interchangeably.

BIACID
Bi*ac"id, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + acid.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having two hydrogen atoms which can be replaced by negative atoms or radicals to form salts; — said of bases. See Diacid.

BIACUMINATE
Bi`a*cu"mi*nate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + acuminate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having points in two directions.

BIANGULAR
Bi*an"gu*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + angular.]

Defn: Having two angles or corners.

BIANGULATE; BIANGULATED Bi*an"gu*late, Bi*an"gu*la`ted, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + angulate, angulated.]

Defn: Biangular.

BIANGULOUS
Bi*an"gu*lous,a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + angulous.]

Defn: Biangular. [R.]

BIANNUAL
Bi*an"nu*al, a. [Pref. bi- + annual.]

Defn: Occurring twice a year; half-yearly; semiannual.

BIANTHERIFEROUS
Bi*an`ther*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + antherigerous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two anthers.

BIARTICULATE
Bi`ar*tic"u*late, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + articulate.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having, or consisting of, tow joints.

BIAS Bi"as, n.; pl. Biases. Etym: [F. biasis, perh. fr. LL. bifax two- faced; L. bis + facies face. See Bi-, and cf. Face.]

1. A weight on the side of the ball used in the game of bowls, or a tendency imparted to the ball, which turns it from a straight line. Being ignorant that there is a concealed bias within the spheroid, which will . . . swerve away. Sir W. Scott.

2. A learning of the mind; propensity or prepossession toward an object or view, not leaving the mind indifferent; bent inclination. Strong love is a bias upon the thoughts. South. Morality influences men's lives, and gives a bias to all their actions. Locke.

3. A wedge-shaped piece of cloth taken out of a garment (as the waist of a dress) to diminish its circumference.

4. A slant; a diagonal; as, to cut cloth on the bias.

Syn.
— Prepossession; prejudice; partiality; inclination. See Bent.

BIAS
Bi"as, a.

1. Inclined to one side; swelled on one side. [Obs.] Shak.

2. Cut slanting or diagonally, as cloth.

BIAS
Bi"as, adv.

Defn: In a slanting manner; crosswise; obliquely; diagonally; as, to cut cloth bias.

BIAS
Bi"as, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Biased; p. pr. & vb. n. Biasing.]

Defn: To incline to one side; to give a particular direction to; to influence; to prejudice; to prepossess. Me it had not biased in the one direction, nor should it have biased any just critic in the counter direction. De. Quincey.

BIAURICULATE
Bi`au*ric"u*late, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + au riculate.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: Having two auricles, as the heart of mammals, birds, and reptiles.

2. (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two earlike projections at its base, as a leaf.

BIAXAL; BIAXIAL
Bi*ax"al, Bi*ax"i*al, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + axal, axial.] (Opt.)

Defn: Having two axes; as, biaxial polarization. Brewster.
— Bi*ax"i*al*ly, adv.

BIB Bib, n. Etym: [From Bib, v., because the bib receives the drink that the child slavers from the mouth.]

1. A small piece of cloth worn by children over the breast, to protect the clothes.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An arctic fish (Gadus luscus), allied to the cod; — called also pout and whiting pout.

3. A bibcock.

BIB; BIBBE
Bib, Bibbe, v. t. Etym: [L. bibere. See Beverage, and cf. Imbibe.]

Defn: To drink; to tipple. [Obs.]
This miller hath . . . bibbed ale. Chaucer.

BIB
Bib, v. i.

Defn: To drink; to sip; to tipple.
He was constantly bibbing. Locke.

BIBACIOUS
Bi*ba"cious, a. Etym: [L. bibax, bibacis, fr. bibere. See Bib.]

Defn: Addicted to drinking.

BIBACITY
Bi*bac"i*ty, n.

Defn: The practice or habit of drinking too much; tippling. Blount.

BIBASIC
Bi*ba"sic, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + basic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having to hydrogen atoms which can be replaced by positive or basic atoms or radicals to form salts; — said of acids. See Dibasic.

BIBB
Bibb, n.

Defn: A bibcock. See Bib, n., 3.

BIBBER
Bib"ber, n.

Defn: One given to drinking alcoholic beverages too freely; a tippler; — chiefly used in composition; as, winebibber.

BIBBLE-BABBLE
Bib"ble-bab"ble, n. Etym: [A reduplication of babble.]

Defn: Idle talk; babble. Shak.

BIBBS
Bibbs, n. pl. (Naut.)

Defn: Pieces of timber bolted to certain parts of a mast tp support the trestletrees.

BIBCOCK
Bib"cock`, n.

Defn: A cock or faucet having a bent down nozzle. Knight.

BIBELOT
Bi`be*lot", n. [F.]

Defn: A small decorative object without practical utility.

Her pictures, her furniture, and her bibelots.
M. Crawford.

BIBIRINE
Bi*bi"rine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Bebeerine.

BIBITORY
Bib"i*to*ry, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to drinking or tippling.

BIBLE Bi"ble, n. Etym: [F. bible, L. biblia, pl., fr. Gr. , pl. of , dim. of , , book, prop. Egyptian papyrus.]

1. A book. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. The Book by way of eminence, — that is, the book which is made up of the writings accepted by Christians as of divine origin and authority, whether such writings be in the original language, or translated; the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments; — sometimes in a restricted sense, the Old Testament; as, King James's Bible; Douay Bible; Luther's Bible. Also, the book which is made up of writings similarly accepted by the Jews; as, a rabbinical Bible.

3. A book containing the sacred writings belonging to any religion; as, the Koran is often called the Mohammedan Bible. Fig.)

Defn: A book with an authoritative exposition of some topic, respected by many experts on the field. Bible Society, an association for securing the multiplication and wide distribution of the Bible. — Douay Bible. See Douay Bible. — Geneva Bible. See under Geneva.

BIBLER
Bib"ler, n. Etym: [See Bib, v. t.]

Defn: A great drinker; a tippler. [Written also bibbler and bibbeler.]

BIBLICAL
Bib"li*cal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, the Bible; as, biblical learning; biblical authority.

BIBLICALITY
Bib`li*cal"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being biblical; a biblical subject. [R.]

BIBLICALLY
Bib"li*cal*ly, adv.

Defn: According to the Bible.

BIBLICISM
Bib"li*cism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. biblicisme.]

Defn: Learning or literature relating to the Bible. [R.]

BIBLICIST
Bib"li*cist, n.

Defn: One skilled in the knowledge of the Bible; a demonstrator of religious truth by the Scriptures.

BIBLIOGRAPH
Bib"li*o*graph`, n.

Defn: Bibliographer.

BIBLIOGRAPHER Bib`li*og"ra*pher, n. Etym: [Gr. , fr. book + to write : cf. F. bibliographe.]

Defn: One who writes, or is versed in, bibliography.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC; BIBLIOGRAPHICAL Bib`li*o*graph"ic, Bib`li*o*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. bibliographique.]

Defn: Pertaining to bibliography, or the history of books.
— Bib`li*o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Bib`li*og"ra*phy n.; pl. Bibliographies. Etym: [Gr. : cf. F. bibliographie.]

Defn: A history or description of books and manuscripts, with notices of the different editions, the times when they were printed, etc.

BIBLIOLATER; BIBLIOLATRIST
Bib`li*ol"a*ter, Bib`li*ol"a*trist, n. Etym: [See. Bibliolatry.]

Defn: A worshiper of books; especially, a worshiper of the Bible; a believer in its verbal inspiration. De Quincey.

BIBLIOLATRY
Bib`li*ol"a*try, n. Etym: [Gr. book + service, worship, to serve.]

Defn: Book worship, esp. of the Bible; — applied by Roman Catholic divine Coleridge. F. W. Newman.

BIBLIOLOGICAL
Bib`li*o*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Relating to bibliology.

BIBLIOLOGY
Bib`li*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. book + -logy.]

1. An account of books; book lore; bibliography.

2. The literature or doctrine of the Bible.

BIBLIOMANCY
Bib"li*o*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. book + -mancy: cf. F. bibliomancie.]

Defn: A kind of divination, performed by selecting passages of Scripture at hazard, and drawing from them indications concerning future events.

BIBLIOMANIA
Bib`li*o*ma"ni*a, n. Etym: [Gr. book + madness: cf. F. bibliomanie.]

Defn: A mania for acquiring books.

BIBLIOMANIAC
Bib`li*o*ma"ni*ac, n.

Defn: One who has a mania for books.
— a.

Defn: Relating to a bibliomaniac.

BIBLIOMANIACAL
Bib`li*o*ma*ni"ac*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a passion for books; relating to a bibliomaniac.

BIBLIOPEGIC
Bib`li*o*peg"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. book + to make fast.]

Defn: Relating to the binding of books. [R.]

BIBLIOPEGIST
Bib`li*op"e*gist, n.

Defn: A bookbinder.

BIBLIOPEGISTIC
Bib`li*op`e*gis"tic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the art of binding books. [R.] Dibdin.

BIBLIOPEGY
Bib`li*op"e*gy, n. Etym: [See Bibliopegic.]

Defn: The art of binding books. [R.]

BIBLIOPHILE
Bib"li*o*phile, n. Etym: [Gr. book + to love: cf. F. bibliophile.]

Defn: A lover of books.

BIBLIOPHILISM
Bib`li*oph"i*lism, n.

Defn: Love of books.

BIBLIOPHILIST
Bib`li*oph"i*list, n.

Defn: A lover of books.

BIBLIOPHOBIA
Bib`li*o*pho"bi*a, n. Etym: [Gr. book + to fear.]

Defn: A dread of books. [R.]

BIBLIOPOLE Bib"li*o*pole, n. Etym: [L. bibliopola, Gr. ; book + to sell: cf. F. bibliopole.]

Defn: One who sells books.

BIBLIOPOLIC; BIBLIOPOLAR
Bib`li*o*pol"ic, Bib`li*op"o*lar, a. Etym: [See Bibliopole.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the sale of books. "Bibliopolic difficulties." Carlyle.

BIBLIOPOLISM
Bib`li*op"o*lism, n.

Defn: The trade or business of selling books.

BIBLIOPOLIST
Bib`li*op"o*list, n.

Defn: Same as Bibliopole.

BIBLIOPOLISTIC
Bib`li*op`o*lis"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to bibliopolism. Dibdin.

BIBLIOTAPH; BIBLIOTAPHIST
Bib"li*o*taph, Bib`li*ot"a*phist, n. Etym: [Gr. book + a burial.]

Defn: One who hides away books, as in a tomb. [R.] Crabb.

BIBLIOTHEC
Bib"li*o*thec, n.

Defn: A librarian.

BIBLIOTHECA
Bib`li*o*the"ca, n. Etym: [L. See Bibliotheke.]

Defn: A library.

BIBLIOTHECAL
Bib`li*o*the"cal, a. Etym: [L. bibliothecalis. See Bibliotheke.]

Defn: Belonging to a library. Byrom.

BIBLIOTHECARY Bib`li*oth"e*ca*ry, n. Etym: [L. bibliothecarius: cf. F. bibliothécaire.]

Defn: A librarian. [Obs.] Evelin.

BIBLIOTHEKE Bib"li*o*theke, n. Etym: [L. bibliotheca, Gr. ; book + a case, box, fr. to place: cf. F. bibliothèque.]

Defn: A library. [Obs.] Bale.

BIBLIST
Bib"list, n. Etym: [Cf. F. bibliste. See Bible.]

1. One who makes the Bible the sole rule of faith.

2. A biblical scholar; a biblicist. I. Taylor.

BIBRACTEATE
Bi*brac"te*ate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + bracteate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Furnished with, or having, two bracts.

BIBULOUS Bib"u*lous, a. Etym: [L. bibulus, fr. bibere to drink. See Bib, v. t. ]

1. Readily imbibing fluids or moisture; spongy; as, bibulous blotting paper.

2. Inclined to drink; addicted to tippling.

BIBULOUSLY
Bib"u*lous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a bibulous manner; with profuse imbibition or absorption. De
Quincey.

BICALCARATE
Bi*cal"ca*rate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + calcarate.]

Defn: Having two spurs, as the wing or leg of a bird.

BICALLOSE; BICALLOUS
Bi*cal"lose, Bi*cal"lous, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + callose, callous.]
(Bot.)

Defn: Having two callosities or hard spots. Gray.

BICAMERAL
Bi*cam"er*al, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + camera.]

Defn: Consisting of, or including, two chambers, or legislative branches. Bentham.

BICAPSULAR
Bi*cap"su*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + capsular: cf. F. bicapsulaire.]
(Bot.)

Defn: Having two capsules; as, a bicapsular pericarp.

BICARBONATE
Bi*car"bon*ate, n. Etym: [Pref. bi-+ carbonate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A carbonate in which but half the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a positive element or radical, thus making the proportion of the acid to the positive or basic portion twice what it is in the normal carbonates; an acid carbonate; — sometimes called supercarbonate.

BICARBURETED; BICARBURETTED
Bi*car"bu*ret`ed or -ret`ted, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + carbureted.]
(Chem.)

Defn: Containing two atoms or equivalents of carbon in the molecule.
[Obs. or R.]

BICARINATE
Bi*car"i*nate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + carinate.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having two keel-like projections, as the upper palea of grasses.

BICAUDAL
Bi*cau"dal, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + caudal.]

Defn: Having, or terminating in, two tails.

BICAUDATE
Bi*cau"date, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + caudate.]

Defn: Two-tailed; bicaudal.

BICCHED
Bic"ched, a. Etym: [Of unknown origin.]

Defn: Pecked; pitted; notched. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bicched bones, pecked, or notched, bones; dice.

BICE; BISE
Bice, Bise, n. Etym: [F. bis, akin to It. bigio light gray, tawny.]
(Paint.)

Defn: A pale blue pigment, prepared from the native blue carbonate of copper, or from smalt; — called also blue bice. Green bice is prepared from the blue, by adding yellow orpiment, or by grinding down the green carbonate of copper. Cooley. Brande & C.

BICENTENARY
Bi*cen"te*na*ry, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + centenary.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to two hundred, esp. to two hundred years; as, a bicentenary celebration. — n.

Defn: The two hundredth anniversary, or its celebration.

BICENTENNIAL
Bi`cen*ten"ni*al, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + centennial.]

1. Consisting of two hundred years.

2. Occurring every two hundred years.

BICENTENNIAL
Bi`cen*ten"ni*al, n.

Defn: The two hundredth year or anniversary, or its celebration.

BICEPHALOUS
Bi*ceph"a*lous, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + cephalous: cf. F. bicéphale.]

Defn: Having two heads.

BICEPS
Bi"ceps, n. Etym: [L., two-headed; bis twice + caput head. See
Capital.] (Anat.)

Defn: A muscle having two heads or origins; — applied particularly to a flexor in the arm, and to another in the thigh.

BICHIR
Bi*chir", n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A remarkable ganoid fish (Polypterus bichir) found in the Nile and other African rivers. See Brachioganoidei.

BICHLORIDE
Bi*chlo"ride, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + chloride.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound consisting of two atoms of chlorine with one or more atoms of another element; — called also dichloride. Bichloride of mercury, mercuric chloride; — sometimes called corrosive sublimate.

BICHO
Bi"cho, n. Etym: [Sp.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Jigger.

BICHROMATE
Bi*chro"mate, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + chromate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt containing two parts of chromic acid to one of the other ingredients; as, potassium bichromate; — called also dichromate.

BICHROMATIZE
Bi*chro"ma*tize, v. t.

Defn: To combine or treat with a bichromate, esp. with bichromate of potassium; as, bichromatized gelatine.

BICIPITAL
Bi*cip"i*tal, a. Etym: [L. biceps, bicipitis: cf. F. bicipital. See
Biceps.]

1. (Anat.) (a) Having two heads or origins, as a muscle. (b) Pertaining to a biceps muscle; as, bicipital furrows, the depressions on either side of the biceps of the arm.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Dividing into two parts at one extremity; having two heads or two supports; as, a bicipital tree.

BICIPITOUS
Bi*cip"i*tous, a.

Defn: Having two heads; bicipital. "Bicipitous serpents." Sir T.
Browne.

BICKER
Bick"er, n. Etym: [See Beaker.]

Defn: A small wooden vessel made of staves and hoops, like a tub.
[Prov. Eng.]

BICKER
Bick"er, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bickered; p. pr. & vb. n. Bickering.]
Etym: [OE. bikeren, perh. fr. Celtic; cf. W. bicra to fight, bicker,
bicre conflict, skirmish; perh. akin to E. beak.]

1. To skirmish; to exchange blows; to fight. [Obs.] Two eagles had a conflict, and bickered together. Holland.

2. To contend in petulant altercation; to wrangle. Petty things about which men cark and bicker. Barrow.

3. To move quickly and unsteadily, or with a pattering noise; to quiver; to be tremulous, like flame. They [streamlets] bickered through the sunny shade. Thomson.

BICKER
Bick"er, n.

1. A skirmish; an encounter. [Obs.]

2. A fight with stones between two parties of boys. [Scot.] Jamieson.

3. A wrangle; also, a noise,, as in angry contention.

BICKERER
Bick"er*er, n.

Defn: One who bickers.

BICKERING
Bick"er*ing, n.

1. A skirmishing. "Frays and bickerings." Milton.

2. Altercation; wrangling.

BICKERMENT
Bick"er*ment, n.

Defn: Contention. [Obs.] Spenser.

BICKERN
Bick"ern, n. Etym: [F. bigorne. See Bicorn.]

Defn: An anvil ending in a beak or point (orig. in two beaks); also, the beak or horn itself.

BICKFORD FUSE; BICKFORD FUZE; BICKFORD MATCH
Bick"ford fuse, Bick"ford fuze, Bick"ford match.

Defn: A fuse used in blasting, consisting of a long cylinder of explosive material inclosed in a varnished wrapping of rope or hose. It burns from 2 to 4 feet a minute.

BICOLLIGATE
Bi*col"li*gate, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + colligatus, p. p. See
Colligate, v. t. ] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the anterior toes connected by a basal web.

BICOLOR; BICOLORED Bi"col`or, Bi"col`ored, a. Etym: [L. bicolor; bis twice + color color.]

Defn: Of two colors.

BICONCAVE
Bi*con"cave, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + concave.]

Defn: Concave on both sides; as, biconcave vertebræ.

BICONJUGATE
Bi*con"ju*gate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + conjugate, a.] (Bot.)

Defn: Twice paired, as when a petiole forks twice. Gray.

BICONVEX
Bi*con"vex, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + convex.]

Defn: Convex on both sides; as, a biconvex lens.

BICORN; BICORNED; BICORNOUS Bi"corn, Bi"corned, Bi*cor"nous, a. Etym: [L. bicornis; bis twice + cornu horn: cf. F. bicorne. Cf. Bickern.]

Defn: Having two horns; two-horned; crescentlike.

BICORPORAL
Bi*cor"po*ral, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + corporal.]

Defn: Having two bodies.

BICORPORATE
Bi*cor"po*rate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + corporate.] (Her.)

Defn: Double-bodied, as a lion having one head and two bodies.

BICOSTATE
Bi*cos"tate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + costate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two principal ribs running longitudinally, as a leaf.

BICRENATE
Bi*cre"nate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + crenate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Twice crenated, as in the case of leaves whose crenatures are themselves crenate.

BICRESCENTIC
Bi`cres*cen"tic, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + crescent.]

Defn: Having the form of a double crescent.

BICRURAL
Bi*cru"ral, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + crural.]

Defn: Having two legs. Hooker.

BICUSPID; BICUSPIDATE
Bi*cus"pid, Bi*cus"pid*ate, a. Etym: [See pref. Bi-, and Cuspidate.]

Defn: Having two points or prominences; ending in two points; — said of teeth, leaves, fruit, etc.

BICUSPID
Bi*cus"pid, n. (Anat.)

Defn: One of the two double-pointed teeth which intervene between the canines (cuspids) and the molars, on each side of each jaw. See Tooth, n.

BICYANIDE
Bi*cy"a*nide, n.

Defn: See Dicyanide.

BICYCLE
Bi"cy*cle, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + cycle.]

Defn: A light vehicle having two wheels one behind the other. It has a saddle seat and is propelled by the rider's feet acting on cranks or levers.

BICYCLER
Bi"cy*cler, n.

Defn: One who rides a bicycle.

BICYCLIC
Bi*cyc"lic, a.

Defn: Relating to bicycles.

BICYCLING
Bi"cy*cling, n.

Defn: The use of a bicycle; the act or practice of riding a bicycle.

BICYCLISM
Bi"cy*clism, n.

Defn: The art of riding a bicycle.

BICYCLIST
Bi"cy*clist, n.

Defn: A bicycler.

BICYCULAR
Bi*cyc"u*lar, a.

Defn: Relating to bicycling.

BID Bid, v. t. [imp. Bade, Bid, (Obs.) Bad; p. p. Bidden, Bid; p. pr. & vb. n. Bidding.] Etym: [OE. bidden, prop to ask, beg, AS. biddan; akin to OS. biddian, Icel. bi, OHG. bittan, G. bitten, to pray, ask, request, and E. bead, also perh. to Gr. to persuade, L. fidere to trust, E. faith, and bide. But this word was early confused with OE. beden, beoden, AS. beódan, to offer, command; akin to Icel. bj, Goth. biudan (in comp.), OHG. biotan to command, bid, G. bieten, D. bieden, to offer, also to Gr. to learn by inquiry, Skr. budh to be awake, to heed, present OSlav. bud to be awake, E. bode, v. The word now has the form of OE. bidden to ask, but the meaning of OE. beden to command, except in "to bid beads." sq. root30.]

1. To make an offer of; to propose. Specifically : To offer to pay ( a certain price, as for a thing put up at auction), or to take (a certain price, as for work to be done under a contract).

2. To offer in words; to declare, as a wish, a greeting, a threat, or defiance, etc.; as, to bid one welcome; to bid good morning, farewell, etc. Neither bid him God speed. 2. John 10. He bids defiance to the gaping crowd. Granrille.

3. To proclaim; to declare publicly; to make known. [Mostly obs.] "Our banns thrice bid !" Gay.

4. To order; to direct; to enjoin; to command.
That Power who bids the ocean ebb and flow. Pope
Lord, if it be thou, bid me come unto thee. Matt. xiv. 28
I was bid to pick up shells. D. Jerrold.

5. To invite; to call in; to request to come. As many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage. Matt. xxii. 9 To bid beads, to pray with beads, as the Roman Catholics; to distinguish each bead by a prayer. [Obs.] — To bid defiance to , to defy openly; to brave. — To bid fair, to offer a good prospect; to make fair promise; to seem likely.

Syn. — To offer; proffer; tender; propose; order; command; direct; charge; enjoin.

BID
Bid,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Bid.

BID
Bid, n.

Defn: An offer of a price, especially at auctions; a statement of a sum which one will give for something to be received, or will take for something to be done or furnished; that which is offered.

BID
Bid, v. i. Etym: [See Bid, v. t.]

1. To pray. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. To make a bid; to state what one will pay or take.

BIDALE
Bid"ale`, n. Etym: [Bid + ale.]

Defn: An invitation of friends to drink ale at some poor man's house, and there to contribute in charity for his relief. [Prov. Eng.]

BIDARKEE; BIDARKA
Bi*dar"kee, Bi*dar"ka, n. [Russ. baidarka, dim. Cf. Baidar.]

Defn: A portable boat made of skins stretched on a frame. [Alaska]
The Century.

BIDDABLE
Bid"da*ble, a.

Defn: Obedient; docile. [Scot.]

BIDDEN
Bid"den, p. p.

Defn: of Bid.

BIDDER
Bid"der, n. Etym: [AS. biddere. ]

Defn: One who bids or offers a price. Burke.

BIDDERY WARE
Bid"der*y ware`. Etym: [From Beder or Bidar a town in India.]

Defn: A kind of metallic ware made in India. The material is a composition of zinc, tin, and lead, in which ornaments of gold and silver are inlaid or damascened. [Spelt also bidry, bidree, bedery, beder.]

BIDDING
Bid"ding, n.

1. Command; order; a proclamation or notifying. "Do thou thy master's bidding." Shak.

2. The act or process of making bids; an offer; a proposal of a price, as at an auction.

BIDDING PRAYER
Bid"ding prayer`.

1. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: The prayer for the souls of benefactors, said before the sermon.

2. (Angl. Ch.)

Defn: The prayer before the sermon, with petitions for various specified classes of persons.

BIDDY
Bid"dy, n. Etym: [Etymology uncertain.]

Defn: A name used in calling a hen or chicken. Shak.

BIDDY
Bid"dy, n. Etym: [A familiar form of Bridget.]

Defn: An Irish serving woman or girl. [Colloq.]

BIDE Bide, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bided; p. pr. & vb. n. Biding.] Etym: [OE. biden, AS. bidan; akin to OHG. bitan, Goth. beidan, Icel. bi; perh. orig., to wait with trust, and akin to bid. See Bid, v. t., and cf. Abide.]

1. To dwell; to inhabit; to abide; to stay. All knees to thee shall bow of them that bide In heaven or earth, or under earth, in hell. Milton.

2. To remain; to continue or be permanent in a place or state; to continue to be. Shak.

BIDE
Bide, v. t.

1. To encounter; to remain firm under (a hardship); to endure; to suffer; to undergo. Poor naked wretches, wheresoe'er you are, That bide the pelting of this pitiless storm. Shak.

2. To wait for; as, I bide my time. See Abide.

BIDENT Bi"dent, n. Etym: [L. bidens, -entis, having two prongs; bis twice + dens a tooth.]

Defn: An instrument or weapon with two prongs.

BIDENTAL
Bi*den"tal, a.

Defn: Having two teeth. Swift.

BIDENTATE
Bi*den"tate, a. (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two teeth or two toothlike processes; two-toothed.

BIDET Bi*det", n. Etym: [F. bidet, perh. fr. Celtic; cr. Gael. bideach very little, diminutive, bidein a diminutive animal, W. bidan a weakly or sorry wretch.]

1. A small horse formerly allowed to each trooper or dragoon for carrying his baggage. B. Jonson.

2. A kind of bath tub for sitting baths; a sitz bath.

BIDIGITATE
Bi*dig"i*tate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + digitate.]

Defn: Having two fingers or fingerlike projections.

BIDING
Bid"ing, n.

Defn: Residence; habitation. Rowe.

BIELA'S COMET
Bie"la's com"et. (Astron.)

Defn: A periodic coment, discovered by Biela in 1826, which revolves around the sun in 6.6 years. The November meteors (Andromedes or Bielids) move in its orbit, and may be fragments of the comet.

BIELD
Bield, n.

Defn: A shelter. Same as Beild. [Scot.]

BIELD
Bield, v. t.

Defn: To shelter. [Scot.]

BIELID
Bie"lid, n. (Astron.)

Defn: See Andromede.

BIENNIAL Bi*en"ni*al, a. Etym: [L. biennalis and biennis, fr. biennium a space of two years; bis twice + annus year. Cf. Annual.]

1. Happening, or taking place, once in two years; as, a biennial election.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Continuing for two years, and then perishing, as plants which form roots and leaves the first year, and produce fruit the second.

BIENNIAL
Bi*en"ni*al, n.

1. Something which takes place or appears once in two years; esp. a biennial examination.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant which exists or lasts for two years.

BIENNIALLY
Bi*en"ni*al*ly, adv.

Defn: Once in two years.

BIER
Bier, n. Etym: [OE. bæe, beere, AS. b, b; akin to D. baar, OHG. bara,
G. bahre, Icel barar, Dbaare, L. feretrum, Gr. , from the same bear
to produce. See 1st Bear, and cf. Barrow.]

1. A handbarrow or portable frame on which a corpse is placed or borne to the grave.

2. (Weaving)

Defn: A count of forty threads in the warp or chain of woolen cloth.
Knight.

BIERBALK
Bier"balk`, n. Etym: [See Bier, and Balk, n.]

Defn: A church road (e. g., a path across fields) for funerals.
[Obs.] Homilies.

BIESTINGS; BEESTINGS Biest"ings, Beest"ings, n. pl. Etym: [OE. bestynge, AS. b, fr. b, beost; akin to D. biest, OHG. biost, G. biest; of unknown origin.]

Defn: The first milk given by a cow after calving. B. Jonson. The thick and curdy milk . . . commonly called biestings. Newton. (1574).

BIFACIAL
Bi*fa"cial, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + facial.]

Defn: Having the opposite surfaces alike.

BIFARIOUS
Bi*fa"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. bifarius; bis twice + fari to speak. Cf.
Gr.

1. Twofold; arranged in two rows.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Pointing two ways, as leaves that grow only on opposite sides of a branch; in two vertical rows.

BIFARIOUSLY
Bi*fa"ri*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a bifarious manner.

BIFEROUS
Bif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. bifer; bis twice + ferre to bear.]

Defn: Bearing fruit twice a year.

BIFFIN
Bif"fin, n. Etym: [Cf. Beaufin.]

1. A sort of apple peculiar to Norfolk, Eng.

Note: [Sometimes called beaufin; but properly beefin (it is said), from its resemblance to raw beef.] Wright.

2. A baked apple pressed down into a flat, round cake; a dried apple. Dickens.

BIFID Bi"fid, a. Etym: [L. bifidus; bis twice + root of findere to cleave or split: cf. F. bifide.]

Defn: Cleft to the middle or slightly beyond the middle; opening with a cleft; divided by a linear sinus, with straight margins.

BIFIDATE
Bif"i*date, a. Etym: [L. bifidatus.]

Defn: See Bifid.

BIFILAR
Bi*fi"lar, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + filar.]

Defn: Two-threaded; involving the use of two threads; as, bifilar suspension; a bifilar balance. Bifilar micrometer (often called a bifilar), an instrument form measuring minute distances or angles by means of two very minute threads (usually spider lines), one of which, at least, is movable; — more commonly called a filar micrometer.

BIFLABELLATE
Bi`fla*bel"late, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + flabellate.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Flabellate on both sides.

BIFLAGELLATE
Bi`fla*gel"late, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + flagellate.]

Defn: Having two long, narrow, whiplike appendages.

BIFLORATE; BIFLOROUS Bi*flo"rate, Bi*flo"rous, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing two flowers; two-flowered.

BIFOCAL
Bi*fo"cal, a. [Pref. bi-+ focal.]

Defn: Having two foci, as some spectacle lenses.

BIFOLD
Bi"fold, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + fold.]

Defn: Twofold; double; of two kinds, degrees, etc. Shak.

BIFOLIATE
Bi*fo"li*ate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + foliate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two leaves; two-leaved.

BIFOLIOLATE
Bi*fo"li*o*late, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + foliolate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two leaflets, as some compound leaves.

BIFORATE Bif"o*rate, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + foratus, p. p. of forare to bore or pierce.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two perforations.

BIFORINE Bif"o*rine, n. Etym: [L. biforis, biforus, having two doors; bis twice + foris door.] (Bot.)

Defn: An oval sac or cell, found in the leaves of certain plants of the order Araceæ. It has an opening at each end through which raphides, generated inside, are discharged.

BIFORKED
Bi"forked, a.

Defn: Bifurcate.

BIFORM Bi"form, a. Etym: [L. biformis; bis twice + forma shape: cf. F. biforme.]

Defn: Having two forms, bodies, or shapes. Croxall.

BIFORMED
Bi"formed, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + form.]

Defn: Having two forms. Johnson.

BIFORMITY
Bi*form"i*ty, n.

Defn: A double form.

BIFORN
Bi*forn", prep. & adv.

Defn: Before. [Obs.]

BIFOROUS Bif"o*rous, a. Etym: [L. biforis having two doors; bis twice, two + foris door.]

Defn: See Biforate.

BIFRONTED
Bi*front"ed, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + front.]

Defn: Having two fronts. "Bifronted Janus." Massinger.

BIFURCATE; BIFURCATED
Bi*fur"cate, Bi*fur"ca*ted, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + furcate.]

Defn: Two-pronged; forked.

BIFURCATE
Bi*fur"cate, v. i.

Defn: To divide into two branches.

BIFURCATION
Bi`fur*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. bifurcation.]

Defn: A forking, or division into two branches.

BIFURCOUS
Bi*fur"cous, a. Etym: [L. bifurcus; bis twice + furca fork.]

Defn: See Bifurcate, a. [R.] Coles.

BIG Big, a. [compar. Bigger; superl. Biggest.] Etym: [Perh. from Celtic; cf. W. beichiog, beichiawg, pregnant, with child, fr. baich burden, Arm. beac'h; or cf. OE. bygly, Icel. biggiligr, (properly) habitable; (then) magnigicent, excellent, fr. OE. biggen, Icel. byggja, to dwell, build, akin to E. be.]

1. Having largeness of size; of much bulk or magnitude; of great size; large. "He's too big to go in there." Shak.

2. Great with young; pregnant; swelling; ready to give birth or produce; — often figuratively. [Day] big with the fate of Cato and of Rome. Addison.

3. Having greatness, fullness, importance, inflation, distention, etc., whether in a good or a bad sense; as, a big heart; a big voice; big looks; to look big. As applied to looks, it indicates haughtiness or pride. God hath not in heaven a bigger argument. Jer. Taylor.

Note: Big is often used in self-explaining compounds; as, big-boned; big-sounding; big-named; big-voiced. To talk big, to talk loudly, arrogantly, or pretentiously. I talked big to them at first. De Foe.

Syn.
— Bulky; large; great; massive; gross.

BIG; BIGG
Big, Bigg, n. Etym: [OE. bif, bigge; akin to Icel. bygg, Dan. byg,
Sw. bjugg.] (Bot.)

Defn: Barley, especially the hardy four-rowed kind.
"Bear interchanges in local use, now with barley, now with bigg." New
English Dict.

BIG; BIGG
Big, Bigg, v. t. Etym: [OE. biggen, fr. Icel. byggja to inhabit, to
build, b (neut.) to dwell (active) to make ready. See Boor, and
Bound.]

Defn: To build. [Scot. & North of Eng. Dial.] Sir W. Scott.

BIGA
Bi"ga, n. Etym: [L.] (Antiq.)

Defn: A two-horse chariot.

BIGAM
Big"am, n. Etym: [L. bigamus twice married: cf. F. bigame. See
Bigamy.]

Defn: A bigamist. [Obs.]

BIGAMIST
Big"a*mist, n. Etym: [Cf. Digamist.]

Defn: One who is guilty of bigamy. Ayliffe.

BIGAMOUS
Big"a*mous, a.

Defn: Guilty of bigamy; involving bigamy; as, a bigamous marriage.

BIGAMY Big"a*my, n. Etym: [OE. bigamie, fr. L. bigamus twice married; bis twice + Gr. marriage; prob. akin to Skt. jamis related, and L. gemini twins, the root meaning to bind, join: cf. F. bigamie. Cf. Digamy.] (Law)

Defn: The offense of marrying one person when already legally married to another. Wharton.

Note: It is not strictly correct to call this offense bigamy: it more properly denominated polygamy, i. e., having a plurality of wives or husbands at once, and in several statutes in the United States the offense is classed under the head of polygamy. In the canon law bigamy was the marrying of two virgins successively, or one after the death of the other, or once marrying a widow. This disqualified a man for orders, and for holding ecclesiastical offices. Shakespeare uses the word in the latter sense. Blackstone. Bouvier. Base declension and loathed bigamy. Shak.

BIGARREAU; BIGAROON Big`ar*reau", Big`a*roon", n. Etym: [F. bigarreau, fr. bigarré variegated.] (Bot.)

Defn: The large white-heart cherry.

BIG-BELLIED
Big"-bel`lied, a.

Defn: Having a great belly; as, a big-bellied man or flagon; advanced in pregnancy.

BIG BEND STATE
Big Bend State.

Defn: Tennessee; — a nickname.

BIGEMINATE
Bi*gem"i*nate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + geminate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having a forked petiole, and a pair of leaflets at the end of each division; biconjugate; twice paired; — said of a decompound leaf.

BIGENTIAL
Bi*gen"tial, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + L. gens, gentis, tribe.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Including two tribes or races of men.

BIGEYE
Big"eye`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish of the genus Priacanthus, remarkable for the large size of the eye.

BIGG
Bigg, n. & v.

Defn: See Big, n. & v.

BIGGEN
Big"gen, v. t. & i.

Defn: To make or become big; to enlarge. [Obs. or Dial.] Steele.

BIGGER
Big"ger, a.

Defn: , compar. of Big.

BIGGEST
Big"gest, a.

Defn: , superl. of Big.

BIGGIN
Big"gin, n. Etym: [F. béguin, prob. from the cap worn by the
Béguines. Cf. Beguine, Biggon.]

Defn: A child's cap; a hood, or something worn on the head.
An old woman's biggin for a nightcap. Massinger.

BIGGIN
Big"gin, n.

Defn: A coffeepot with a strainer or perforated metallic vessel for holding the ground coffee, through which boiling water is poured; — so called from Mr. Biggin, the inventor.

BIGGIN; BIGGING
Big"gin, Big"ging, n. Etym: [OE. bigging. See Big, Bigg, v. t.]

Defn: A building. [Obs.]

BIGGON; BIGGONNET Big"gon, Big"gon*net, n. Etym: [F. béguin and OF. beguinet, dim of béguin. See Biggin a cap.]

Defn: A cap or hood with pieces covering the ears.

BIGHA
Big"ha, n.

Defn: A measure of land in India, varying from a third of an acre to an acre.

BIGHORN
Big"horn`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Rocky Mountain sheep (Ovis or Caprovis montana).

BIGHT
Bight, n. Etym: [OE. bi a bending; cf. Sw. & Dan. bugt bend, bay; fr.
AS. byht, fr. b. sq. root88. Cf. Bout, Bought a bend, and see Bow,
v.]

1. A corner, bend, or angle; a hollow; as, the bight of a horse's knee; the bight of an elbow.

2. (Geog.)

Defn: A bend in a coast forming an open bay; as, the Bight of Benin.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: The double part of a rope when folded, in distinction from the ends; that is, a round, bend, or coil not including the ends; a loop.

BIGLANDULAR
Bi*glan"du*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + glandular.]

Defn: Having two glands, as a plant.

BIGLY
Big"ly, adv. Etym: [From Big, a.]

Defn: In a tumid, swelling, blustering manner; haughtily; violently.
He brawleth bigly. Robynson (More's Utopia. )

BIGNESS
Big"ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being big; largeness; size; bulk.

BIGNONIA
Big*no"ni*a, n. Etym: [Named from the Abbé Bignon.] (Bot.)

Defn: A large genus of American, mostly tropical, climbing shrubs, having compound leaves and showy somewhat tubular flowers. B. capreolata is the cross vine of the Southern United States. The trumpet creeper was formerly considered to be of this genus.

BIGNONIACEOUS
Big*no`ni*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of which the trumpet flower is an example.

BIGOT Big"ot, n. Etym: [F. bigot a bigot or hypocrite, a name once given to the Normans in France. Of unknown origin; possibly akin to Sp. bigote a whisker; hombre de bigote a man of spirit and vigor; cf. It. s- bigottire to terrify, to appall. Wedgwood and others maintain that bigot is from the same source as Beguine, Beghard.]

1. A hypocrite; esp., a superstitious hypocrite. [Obs.]

2. A person who regards his own faith and views in matters of religion as unquestionably right, and any belief or opinion opposed to or differing from them as unreasonable or wicked. In an extended sense, a person who is intolerant of opinions which conflict with his own, as in politics or morals; one obstinately and blindly devoted to his own church, party, belief, or opinion. To doubt, where bigots had been content to wonder and believe. Macaulay.

BIGOT
Big"ot, a.

Defn: Bigoted. [Obs.]
In a country more bigot than ours. Dryden.

BIGOTED
Big"ot*ed, a.

Defn: Obstinately and blindly attached to some creed, opinion practice, or ritual; unreasonably devoted to a system or party, and illiberal toward the opinions of others. "Bigoted to strife." Byron.

Syn.
— Prejudiced; intolerant; narrow-minded.

BIGOTEDLY
Big"ot*ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a bigot.

BIGOTRY
Big"ot*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. F. bigoterie.]

1. The state of mind of a bigot; obstinate and unreasoning attachment of one's own belief and opinions, with narrow-minded intolerance of beliefs opposed to them.

2. The practice or tenets of a bigot.

BIGWIG
Big"wig`, n. Etym: [Big,a.+ wig.]

Defn: A person of consequence; as, the bigwigs of society. [Jocose] In our youth we have heard him spoken of by the bigwigs with extreme condescension. Dickens.

BIG-WIGGED
Big"-wigged`, a.

Defn: characterized by pomposity of manner. [Eng.]

BIHYDROGURET
Bi`hy*drog"u*ret, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + hydroguret.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound of two atoms of hydrogen with some other substance.
[Obs.]

BIJOU
Bi*jou", n.; pl. Bijoux. Etym: [F.; of uncertain origin.]

Defn: A trinket; a jewel; — a word applied to anything small and of elegant workmanship.

BIJOUTRY
Bi*jou"try, n. Etym: [F. bijouterie. See Bijou.]

Defn: Small articles of virtu, as jewelry, trinkets, etc.

BIJUGATE Bij"u*gate, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + jugatus, p. p. of jugare to join.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two pairs, as of leaflets.

BIJUGOUS Bij"u*gous, a. Etym: [L. bijugus yoked two together; bis twice + jugum yoke, pair.] (Bot.)

Defn: Bijugate.

BIKE
Bike, n. Etym: [Ethymol. unknown.]

Defn: A nest of wild bees, wasps, or ants; a swarm. [Scot.] Sir W.
Scott.

BIKH
Bikh, n. Etym: [Hind., fr. Skr. visha poison.] (Bot.)

Defn: The East Indian name of a virulent poison extracted from
Aconitum ferox or other species of aconite: also, the plant itself.

BILABIATE
Bi*la"bi*ate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + labiate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two lips, as the corols of certain flowers.

BILACINIATE
Bi`la*cin"i*ate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + laciniate.]

Defn: Doubly fringed.

BILALO
Bi*la"lo, n.

Defn: A two-masted passenger boat or small vessel, used in the bay of
Manila.

BILAMELLATE; BILAMELLATED
Bi*lam"el*late, Bi*lam"el*la`ted, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + lamellate.]
(Bot.)

Defn: Formed of two plates, as the stigma of the Mimulus; also, having two elevated ridges, as in the lip of certain flowers.

BILAMINAR; BILAMINATE Bi*lam"i*nar, Bi*lam"i*nate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + laminar, laminate.]

Defn: Formed of, or having, two laminæ, or thin plates.

BILAND
Bi"land, n.

Defn: A byland. [Obs.] Holland.

BILANDER
Bil"an*der, n. Etym: [D. bijlander; bij by + land land, country.]
(Naut.)

Defn: A small two-masted merchant vessel, fitted only for coasting, or for use in canals, as in Holland. Why choose we, then, like bilanders to creep Along the coast, and land in view to keep Dryden.

BILATERAL
Bi*lat"er*al, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + lateral: cf. F. bilatéral.]

1. Having two sides; arranged upon two sides; affecting two sides or two parties.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the two sides of a central area or organ, or of a central axis; as, bilateral symmetry in animals, where there is a similarity of parts on the right and left sides of the body.

BILATERALITY
Bi*lat`er*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: State of being bilateral.

BILBERRY Bil"ber*ry, n.; pl. Bilberries (. Etym: [Cf. Dan. böllebær bilberry, where bölle is perh. akin to E. ball.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The European whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus); also, its edible bluish black fruit. There pinch the maids as blue as bilberry. Shak.

2. (Bot.) Any similar plant or its fruit; esp., in America, the species Vaccinium myrtilloides, V. cæspitosum and V. uliginosum.

BILBO
Bil"bo, n.; pl. Bilboes (.

1. A rapier; a sword; so named from Bilbao, in Spain. Shak.

2. pl.

Defn: A long bar or bolt of iron with sliding shackles, and a lock at
the end, to confine the feet of prisoners or offenders, esp. on board
of ships.
Methought I lay Worse than the mutines in the bilboes. Shak.

BILBOQUET
Bil"bo*quet, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The toy called cup and ball.

BILCOCK
Bil"cock, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European water rail.

BILDSTEIN
Bild"stein, n. Etym: [G., fr. bild image, likeness + stein stone.]

Defn: Same as Agalmatolite.

BILE
Bile, n. Etym: [L. bilis: cf. F. bile.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: A yellow, or greenish, viscid fluid, usually alkaline in reaction, secreted by the liver. It passes into the intestines, where it aids in the digestive process. Its characteristic constituents are the bile salts, and coloring matters.

2. Bitterness of feeling; choler; anger; ill humor; as, to stir one's bile. Prescott.

Note: The ancients considered the bile to be the "humor" which caused irascibility.

BILE Bile, n. Etym: [OE. byle, bule, bele, AS. b, b; skin to D. buil, G. beule, and Goth. ufbauljan to puff up. Cf. Boil a tumor, Bulge.]

Defn: A boil. [Obs. or Archaic]

BILECTION
Bi*lec"tion, n. (Arch.)

Defn: That portion of a group of moldings which projects beyond the general surface of a panel; a bolection.

BILESTONE
Bile"stone`, n. Etym: [Bile + stone.]

Defn: A gallstone, or biliary calculus. See Biliary. E. Darwin.

BILGE Bilge, n. Etym: [A different orthography of bulge, of same origin as belly. Cf. Belly, Bulge.]

1. The protuberant part of a cask, which is usually in the middle.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: That part of a ship's hull or bottom which is broadest and most nearly flat, and on which she would rest if aground.

3. Bilge water. Bilge free (Naut.), stowed in such a way that the bilge is clear of everything; — said of a cask. — Bilge pump, a pump to draw the bilge water from the gold of a ship. — Bilge water (Naut.), water which collects in the bilge or bottom of a ship or other vessel. It is often allowed to remain till it becomes very offensive. — Bilge ways, the timbers which support the cradle of a ship upon the ways, and which slide upon the launching ways in launching the vessel.

BILGE
Bilge, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bilged (; p. pr. & vb. n. Bilging.]

1. (Naut.)

Defn: To suffer a fracture in the bilge; to spring a leak by a fracture in the bilge.

2. To bulge.

BILGE
Bilge, v. t.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: To fracture the bilge of, or stave in the bottom of (a ship or other vessel).

2. To cause to bulge.

BILGY
Bil"gy, a.

Defn: Having the smell of bilge water.

BILIARY
Bil"ia*ry, a. Etym: [L. bilis bile: cf. F. biliaire.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Relating or belonging to bile; conveying bile; as, biliary acids; biliary ducts. Biliary calculus (Med.), a gallstone, or a concretion formed in the gall bladder or its duct.

BILIATION
Bil`i*a"tion, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The production and excretion of bile.

BILIFEROUS
Bi*lif"er*ous, a.

Defn: Generating bile.

BILIFUSCIN
Bil`i*fus"cin, n. Etym: [L. bilis bile + fuscus dark.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A brownish green pigment found in human gallstones and in old bile. It is a derivative of bilirubin.

BILIMBI; BILIMBING
Bi*lim"bi, Bi*lim"bing, n. Etym: [Malay.]

Defn: The berries of two East Indian species of Averrhoa, of the Oxalideæ or Sorrel family. They are very acid, and highly esteemed when preserved or pickled. The juice is used as a remedy for skin diseases. [Written also blimbi and blimbing.]

BILIMENT
Bil"i*ment, n.

Defn: A woman's ornament; habiliment. [Obs.]

BILIN
Bi"lin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. biline, from L. bilis bile.] (Physiol.
Chem.)

Defn: A name applied to the amorphous or crystalline mass obtained from bile by the action of alcohol and ether. It is composed of a mixture of the sodium salts of the bile acids.

BILINEAR
Bi*lin"e*ar, a. (Math.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or included by, two lines; as, bilinear coördinates.

BILINGUAL Bi*lin"gual, a. Etym: [L. bilinguis; bis twice + lingua tongue, language.]

Defn: Containing, or consisting of, two languages; expressed in two languages; as, a bilingual inscription; a bilingual dictionary. — Bi*lin"gual*ly, adv.

BILINGUALISM
Bi*lin"gual*ism, n.

Defn: Quality of being bilingual.
The bilingualism of King's English. Earle.

BILINGUAR
Bi*lin"guar, a.

Defn: See Bilingual.

BILINGUIST
Bi*lin"guist, n.

Defn: One versed in two languages.

BILINGUOUS
Bi*lin"guous, a. Etym: [L. bilinguis.]

Defn: Having two tongues, or speaking two languages. [Obs.]

BILIOUS
Bil"ious, a. Etym: [L. biliosus, fr. bilis bile.]

1. Of or pertaining to the bile.

2. Disordered in respect to the bile; troubled with and excess of bile; as, a bilious patient; dependent on, or characterized by, an excess of bile; as, bilious symptoms.

3. Choleric; passionate; ill tempered. "A bilious old nabob." Macaulay. Bilious temperament. See Temperament.

BILIOUSNESS
Bil"ious*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being bilious.

BILIPRASIN
Bil`i*pra"sin, n. Etym: [L. bilis bile + prasinus green.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A dark green pigment found in small quantity in human gallstones.

BILIRUBIN
Bil`i*ru"bin, n. Etym: [L. bilis biel + ruber red.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A reddish yellow pigment present in human bile, and in that from carnivorous and herbivorous animals; the normal biliary pigment.

BILITERAL
Bi*lit"er*al, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + littera letter.]

Defn: Consisting of two letters; as, a biliteral root of a Sanskrit verb. Sir W. Jones. — n.

Defn: A word, syllable, or root, consisting of two letters.

BILITERALISM
Bi*lit"er*al*ism, n.

Defn: The property or state of being biliteral.

BILIVERDIN
Bil`i*ver"din, n. Etym: [L. bilis bile + viridis green. Cf. Verdure.]
(Physiol.)

Defn: A green pigment present in the bile, formed from bilirubin by oxidation.

BILK
Bilk, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bilked; p. pr. & vb. n. Bilking.] Etym:
[Origin unknown. Cf. Balk.]

Defn: To frustrate or disappoint; to deceive or defraud, by nonfulfillment of engagement; to leave in the lurch; to give the slip to; as, to bilk a creditor. Thackeray.

BILK
Bilk, n.

1. A thwarting an adversary in cribbage by spoiling his score; a balk.

2. A cheat; a trick; a hoax. Hudibras.

3. Nonsense; vain words. B. Jonson.

4. A person who tricks a creditor; an untrustworthy, tricky person. Marryat.

BILL Bill, n. Etym: [OE. bile, bille, AS. bile beak of a bird, proboscis; cf. Ir. & Gael. bil, bile, mouth, lip, bird's bill. Cf. Bill a weapon.]

Defn: A beak, as of a bird, or sometimes of a turtle or other animal.
Milton.

BILL
Bill, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Billed; p. pr. & vb. n. Billing.]

1. To strike; to peck. [Obs.]

2. To join bills, as doves; to caress in fondness. "As pigeons bill." Shak. To bill and coo, to interchange caresses; — said of doves; also of demonstrative lovers. Thackeray.

BILL
Bill, n.

Defn: The bell, or boom, of the bittern
The bittern's hollow bill was heard. Wordsworth.

BILL Bill, n. Etym: [OE. bil, AS. bill, bil; akin to OS. bil sword, OHG. bill pickax, G. bille. Cf. Bill bea

1. A cutting instrument, with hook-shaped point, and fitted with a handle; — used in pruning, etc.; a billhook. When short, called a hand bill, when long, a hedge bill.

2. A weapon of infantry, in the 14th and 15th centuries. A common form of bill consisted of a broad, heavy, double-edged, hook-shaped blade, having a short pike at the back and another at the top, and attached to the end of a long staff. France had no infantry that dared to face the English bows end bills. Macaulay.

3. One who wields a bill; a billman. Strype.

4. A pickax, or mattock. [Obs.]

5. (Naut.)

Defn: The extremity of the arm of an anchor; the point of or beyond the fluke.

BILL
Bill, v. t.

Defn: To work upon ( as to dig, hoe, hack, or chop anything) with a bill.

BILL Bill, n. Etym: [OE. bill, bille, fr. LL. billa (or OF. bille), for L. bulla anything rounded, LL., seal, stamp, letter, edict, roll; cf. F. bille a ball, prob. fr. Ger.; cf. MHG. bickel, D. bikkel, dice. Cf. Bull papal edict, Billet a paper.]

1. (Law)

Defn: A declaration made in writing, stating some wrong the complainant has suffered from the defendant, or a fault committed by some person against a law.

2. A writing binding the signer or signers to pay a certain sum at a future day or on demand, with or without interest, as may be stated in the document. [Eng.]

Note: In the United States, it is usually called a note, a note of hand, or a promissory note.

3. A form or draft of a law, presented to a legislature for enactment; a proposed or projected law.

4. A paper, written or printed, and posted up or given away, to advertise something, as a lecture, a play, or the sale of goods; a placard; a poster; a handbill. She put up the bill in her parlor window. Dickens.

5. An account of goods sold, services rendered, or work done, with the price or charge; a statement of a creditor's claim, in gross or by items; as, a grocer's bill.

6. Any paper, containing a statement of particulars; as, a bill of charges or expenditures; a weekly bill of mortality; a bill of fare, etc. Bill of adventure. See under Adventure. — Bill of costs, a statement of the items which form the total amount of the costs of a party to a suit or action. — Bill of credit. (a) Within the constitution of the United States, a paper issued by a State, on the mere faith and credit of the State, and designed to circulate as money. No State shall "emit bills of credit." U. S. Const. Peters. Wharton. Bouvier (b) Among merchants, a letter sent by an agent or other person to a merchant, desiring him to give credit to the bearer for goods or money. — Bill of divorce, in the Jewish law, a writing given by the husband to the wife, by which the marriage relation was dissolved. Jer. iii. 8. — Bill of entry, a written account of goods entered at the customhouse, whether imported or intended for exportation. — Bill of exceptions. See under Exception. — Bill of exchange (Com.), a written order or request from one person or house to another, desiring the latter to pay to some person designated a certain sum of money therein generally is, and, to be negotiable, must be, made payable to order or to bearer. So also the order generally expresses a specified time of payment, and that it is drawn for value. The person who draws the bil is called the drawer, the person on whom it is drawn is, before acceptance, called the drawee, — after acceptance, the acceptor; the person to whom the money is directed to be paid is called the payee. The person making the order may himself be the payee. The bill itself is frequently called a draft. See Exchange. Chitty. — Bill of fare, a written or printed enumeration of the dishes served at a public table, or of the dishes (with prices annexed) which may be ordered at a restaurant, etc. — Bill of health, a certificate from the proper authorities as to the state of health of a ship's company at the time of her leaving port. — Bill of indictment, a written accusation lawfully presented to a grand jury. If the jury consider the evidence sufficient to support the accusation, they indorse it "A true bill," or "Not found," or "Ignoramus", or "Ignored." — Bill of lading, a written account of goods shipped by any person, signed by the agent of the owner of the vessel, or by its master, acknowledging the receipt of the goods, and promising to deliver them safe at the place directed, dangers of the sea excepted. It is usual for the master to sign two, three, or four copies of the bill; one of which he keeps in possession, one is kept by the shipper, and one is sent to the consignee of the goods. — Bill of mortality, an official statement of the number of deaths in a place or district within a given time; also, a district required to be covered by such statement; as, a place within the bills of mortality of London. — Bill of pains and penalties, a special act of a legislature which inflicts a punishment less than death upon persons supposed to be guilty of treason or felony, without any conviction in the ordinary course of judicial proceedings. Bouvier. Wharton. — Bill of parcels, an account given by the seller to the buyer of the several articles purchased, with the price of each. — Bill of particulars (Law), a detailed statement of the items of a plaintiff's demand in an action, or of the defendant's set-off. — Bill of rights, a summary of rights and privileges claimed by a people. Such was the declaration presented by the Lords and Commons of England to the Prince and Princess of Orange in 1688, and enacted in Parliament after they became king and queen. In America, a bill or declaration of rights is prefixed to most of the constitutions of the several States. — Bill of sale, a formal instrument for the conveyance or transfer of goods and chattels. — Bill of sight, a form of entry at the customhouse, by which goods, respecting which the importer is not possessed of full information, may be provisionally landed for examination. — Bill of store, a license granted at the customhouse to merchants, to carry such stores and provisions as are necessary for a voyage, custom free. Wharton. — Bills payable (pl.), the outstanding unpaid notes or acceptances made and issued by an individual or firm. — Bills receivable (pl.), the unpaid promissory notes or acceptances held by an individual or firm. McElrath. — A true bill, a bill of indictment sanctioned by a grand jury.

BILL
Bill, v. t.

1. To advertise by a bill or public notice.

2. To charge or enter in a bill; as, to bill goods.

BILLABONG
Bil"la*bong`, n. [Native name.]

Defn: In Australia, a blind channel leading out from a river; — sometimes called an anabranch. This is the sense of the word as used in the Public Works Department; but the term has also been locally applied to mere back-waters forming stagnant pools and to certain water channels arising from a source.

BILLAGE
Bil"lage, n.

Defn: and v. t. & i. Same as Bilge.

BILLARD
Bil"lard, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An English fish, allied to the cod; the coalfish. [Written also billet and billit.]

BILLBEETLE; BILLBUG
Bill`bee"tle, or Bill"bug`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A weevil or curculio of various species, as the corn weevil.
See Curculio.

BILLBOARD
Bill"board`, n.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: A piece of thick plank, armed with iron plates, and fixed on the bow or fore channels of a vessel, for the bill or fluke of the anchor to rest on. Totten.

2. A flat surface, as of a panel or of a fence, on which bills are posted; a bulletin board.

BILL BOOK
Bill" book`. (Com.)

Defn: A book in which a person keeps an account of his notes, bills, bills of exchange, etc., thus showing all that he issues and receives.

BILL BROKER
Bill" bro`ker.

Defn: One who negotiates the discount of bills.

BILLED
Billed, a.

Defn: Furnished with, or having, a bill, as a bird; — used in composition; as, broad-billed.

BILLET Bil"let, n. Etym: [F. billet, dim. of an OF. bille bill. See Bill a writing.]

1. A small paper; a note; a short letter. "I got your melancholy billet." Sterne.

2. A ticket from a public officer directing soldiers at what house to lodge; as, a billet of residence.

BILLET
Bil"let, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Billeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Billeting.]
Etym: [From Billet a ticket.] (Mil.)

Defn: To direct, by a ticket or note, where to lodge. Hence: To quarter, or place in lodgings, as soldiers in private houses. Billeted in so antiquated a mansion. W. Irving.

BILLET Bil"let, n. Etym: [F. billette, bille, log; of unknown origin; a different word from bille ball. Cf. Billiards, Billot.]

1. A small stick of wood, as for firewood. They shall beat out my brains with billets. Shak.

2. (Metal.)

Defn: A short bar of metal, as of gold or iron.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: An ornament in Norman work, resembling a billet of wood either square or round.

4. (Saddlery) (a) A strap which enters a buckle. (b) A loop which receives the end of a buckled strap. Knight.

5. (Her.)

Defn: A bearing in the form of an oblong rectangle.

BILLET-DOUX Bil`let-doux", n.; pl. Billets-doux. Etym: [F. billet note + doux sweet, L. dulcis.]

Defn: A love letter or note.
A lover chanting out a billet-doux. Spectator.

BILLETHEAD
Bil"let*head`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A round piece of timber at the bow or stern of a whaleboat, around which the harpoon lone is run out when the whale darts off.

BILLFISH
Bill"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A name applied to several distinct fishes: (a) The garfish (Tylosurus, or Belone, longirostris) and allied species. (b) The saury, a slender fish of the Atlantic coast (Scomberesox saurus). (c) The Tetrapturus albidus, a large oceanic species related to the swordfish; the spearfish. (d) The American fresh-water garpike (Lepidosteus osseus).

BILLHEAD
Bill"head`, n.

Defn: A printed form, used by merchants in making out bills or rendering accounts.

BILL HOLDER
Bill" hold`er.

1. A person who holds a bill or acceptance.

2. A device by means of which bills, etc., are held.

BILLHOOK
Bill"hook`, n. Etym: [Bill + hook.]

Defn: A thick, heavy knife with a hooked point, used in pruning hedges, etc. When it has a short handle, it is sometimes called a hand bill; when the handle is long, a hedge bill or scimiter.

BILLIARD
Bil"liard, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the game of billiards. "Smooth as is a billiard ball." B. Jonson.

BILLIARDS Bil"liards, n. Etym: [F. billiard billiards, OF. billart staff, cue form playing, fr. bille log. See Billet a stick.]

Defn: A game played with ivory balls o a cloth-covered, rectangular table, bounded by elastic cushions. The player seeks to impel his ball with his cue so that it shall either strike (carom upon) two other balls, or drive another ball into one of the pockets with which the table sometimes is furnished.

BILLING
Bill"ing, a. & n.

Defn: Caressing; kissing.

BILLINGSGATE
Bil"lings*gate`, n.

1. A market near the Billings gate in London, celebrated for fish and foul language.

2. Coarsely abusive, foul, or profane language; vituperation; ribaldry.

BILLION Bil"lion, n. Etym: [F. billion, arbitrarily formed fr. L. bis twice, in imitation of million a million. See Million.]

Defn: According to the French and American method of numeration, a thousand millions, or 1,000,000,000; according to the English method, a million millions, or 1,000,000,000,000. See Numeration.

BILLMAN
Bill"man, n.; pl. Billmen (.

Defn: One who uses, or is armed with, a bill or hooked ax. "A billman of the guard." Savile.

BILLON
Bil`lon", n. Etym: [F. Cf. Billet a stick.]

Defn: An alloy of gold and silver with a large proportion of copper or other base metal, used in coinage.

BILLOT
Bil"lot, n. Etym: [F. billot, dim. of bille. See Billet a stick.]

Defn: Bullion in the bar or mass.

BILLOW Bil"low, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. bylgja billow, Dan. bölge, Sw. bölja; akin to MHG. bulge billow, bag, and to E. bulge. See Bulge.]

1. A great wave or surge of the sea or other water, caused usually by violent wind. Whom the winds waft where'er the billows roll. Cowper.

2. A great wave or flood of anything. Milton.

BILLOW
Bil"low, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Billowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Billowing.]

Defn: To surge; to rise and roll in waves or surges; to undulate.
"The billowing snow." Prior.

BILLOWY
Bil"low*y, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to billows; swelling or swollen into large waves; full of billows or surges; resembling billows. And whitening down the many-tinctured stream, Descends the billowy foam. Thomson.

BILLPOSTER; BILLSTICKER
Bill"post`er, Bill"stick"er, n.

Defn: One whose occupation is to post handbills or posters in public places.

BILLY
Bil"ly, n.

1. A club; esp., a policeman's club.

2. (Wool Manuf.)

Defn: A slubbing or roving machine.

BILLYBOY
Bil"ly*boy`, n.

Defn: A flat-bottomed river barge or coasting vessel. [Eng.]

BILLYCOCK; BILLYCOCK HAT Bil"ly*cock, n., or Bil"ly*cock hat`. [Perh. from bully + cock; that is, cocked like the hats of the bullies.]

Defn: A round, low-crowned felt hat; a wideawake. "The undignified billycocks and pantaloons of the West." B. H. Chamberlain.

Little acquiesced, and Ransome disguised him in a beard, and a loose set of clothes, and a billicock hat. Charles Reade.

BILLY GOAT
Bil"ly goat`.

Defn: A male goat. [Colloq.]

BILOBATE
Bi*lo"bate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + lobate.]

Defn: Divided into two lobes or segments.

BILOBED
Bi"lobed, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + lobe.]

Defn: Bilobate.

BILOCATION
Bi`lo*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + location.]

Defn: Double location; the state or power of being in two places at the same instant; — a miraculous power attributed to some of the saints. Tylor.

BILOCULAR
Bi*loc"u*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + locular: cf. F. biloculaire.]

Defn: Divided into two cells or compartments; as, a bilocular pericarp. Gray.

BILSTED
Bil"sted, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Sweet gum.

BILTONG
Bil"tong, n. Etym: [S. African.]

Defn: Lean meat cut into strips and sun-dried. H. R. Haggard.

BIMACULATE
Bi*mac"u*late, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + maculate, a.]

Defn: Having, or marked with, two spots.

BIMANA
Bim"a*na, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Bimanous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Animals having two hands; — a term applied by Cuvier to man as a special order of Mammalia.

BIMANOUS
Bim"a*nous, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + manus hand.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two hands; two-handed.

BIMARGINATE
Bi*mar"gin*ate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + marginate.]

Defn: Having a double margin, as certain shells.

BIMASTISM
Bi*mas"tism, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + Gr. breast.] (Anat.)

Defn: The condition of having two mammæ or teats.

BIMEDIAL
Bi*me"di*al, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + medial.] (Geom.)

Defn: Applied to a line which is the sum of two lines commensurable only in power (as the side and diagonal of a square).

BIMEMBRAL
Bi*mem"bral, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + membrum member.] (Gram.)

Defn: Having two members; as, a bimembral sentence. J. W. Gibbs.

BIMENSAL
Bi*men"sal, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + mensal.]

Defn: See Bimonthly, a. [Obs. or R.]

BIMESTRIAL
Bi*mes"tri*al, a. Etym: [L. bimestris; bis twice + mensis month.]

Defn: Continuing two months. [R.]

BIMETALLIC
Bi`me*tal"lic, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + metallic: cf. F. bimétallique.]

Defn: Of or relating to, or using, a double metallic standard (as gold and silver) for a system of coins or currency.

BIMETALLISM
Bi*met"al*lism, n. Etym: [F. bimétalisme.]

Defn: The legalized use of two metals (as gold and silver) in the currency of a country, at a fixed relative value; — in opposition to monometallism.

Note: The words bimétallisme and monométallisme are due to M.
Cernuschi [1869]. Littré.

BIMETALLIST
Bi*met"al*list, n.

Defn: An advocate of bimetallism.

BIMOLECULAR
Bi"mo*lec"u*lar, a. [Pref. bi-+ molecular.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or formed from, two molecules; as, a bimolecular reaction (a reaction between two molecules).

BIMONTHLY
Bi*month"ly, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + monthly.]

Defn: Occurring, done, or coming, once in two months; as, bimonthly visits; bimonthly publications. — n.

Defn: A bimonthly publication.

BIMONTHLY
Bi*month"ly, adv.

Defn: Once in two months.

BIMUSCULAR
Bi*mus"cu*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + muscular.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two adductor muscles, as a bivalve mollusk.

BIN Bin, n. Etym: [OE. binne, AS. binn manager, crib; perh. akin to D. ben, benne, basket, and to L. benna a kind of carriage ( a Gallic word), W. benn, men, wain, cart.]

Defn: A box, frame, crib, or inclosed place, used as a receptacle for any commodity; as, a corn bin; a wine bin; a coal bin.

BIN
Bin, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Binned; p. pr. & vb. n. Binning.]

Defn: To put into a bin; as, to bin wine.

BIN
Bin.

Defn: An old form of Be and Been. [Obs.]

BIN; BIN-
Bin*.

Defn: A euphonic form of the prefix Bi-.

BINAL
Bi"nal, a. Etym: [See Binary.]

Defn: Twofold; double. [R.] "Binal revenge, all this." Ford.

BINARSENIATE
Bin`ar*se"ni*ate, n. Etym: [Pref. bin- + arseniate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt having two equivalents of arsenic acid to one of the base. Graham.

BINARY Bi"na*ry, a. Etym: [L. binarius, fr. bini two by two, two at a time, fr. root of bis twice; akin to E. two: cf. F. binaire.]

Defn: Compounded or consisting of two things or parts; characterized by two (things). Binary arithmetic, that in which numbers are expressed according to the binary scale, or in which two figures only, 0 and 1, are used, in lieu of ten; the cipher multiplying everything by two, as in common arithmetic by ten. Thus, 1 is one; 10 is two; 11 is three; 100 is four, etc. Davies & Peck. — Binary compound (Chem.), a compound of two elements, or of an element and a compound performing the function of an element, or of two compounds performing the function of elements. — Binary logarithms, a system of logarithms devised by Euler for facilitating musical calculations, in which 1 is logarithm of 2, instead of 10, as in the common logarithms, and the modulus 1.442695 instead of .43429448. — Binary measure (Mus.), measure divisible by two or four; common time. — Binary nomenclature (Nat. Hist.), nomenclature in which the names designate both genus and species. — Binary scale (Arith.), a uniform scale of notation whose ratio is two. — Binary star (Astron.), a double star whose members have a revolution round their common center of gravity. — Binary theory (Chem.), the theory that all chemical compounds consist of two constituents of opposite and unlike qualities.

BINARY
Bi"na*ry, n.

Defn: That which is constituted of two figures, things, or parts; two; duality. Fotherby.

BINATE
Bi"nate, a. Etym: [L. bini two and two.] (Bot.)

Defn: Double; growing in pairs or couples. Gray.

BINAURAL
Bin*au"ral, a. Etym: [Pref. bin- + aural.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to, or used by, both ears.

BINBASHI Bin*bash"i, n. [Turk., prop., chief of a thousand; bin thousand + bash head.] (Mil.)

Defn: A major in the Turkish army.

BIND Bind, v. t. [imp. Bound; p. p. Bound, formerly Bounden; p. pr. & vb. n. Binding.] Etym: [AS. bindan, perfect tense band, bundon, p. p. bunden; akin to D. & G. binden, Dan. binde, Sw. & Icel. binda, Goth. bindan, Skr. bandh (for bhandh) to bind, cf. Gr. (for ) cable, and L. offendix. sq. root90.]

1. To tie, or confine with a cord, band, ligature, chain, etc.; to fetter; to make fast; as, to bind grain in bundles; to bind a prisoner.

2. To confine, restrain, or hold by physical force or influence of any kind; as, attraction binds the planets to the sun; frost binds the earth, or the streams. He bindeth the floods from overflowing. Job xxviii. 11. Whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years. Luke xiii. 16.

3. To cover, as with a bandage; to bandage or dress; — sometimes with up; as, to bind up a wound.

4. To make fast ( a thing) about or upon something, as by tying; to encircle with something; as, to bind a belt about one; to bind a compress upon a part.

5. To prevent or restrain from customary or natural action; as, certain drugs bind the bowels.

6. To protect or strengthen by a band or binding, as the edge of a carpet or garment.

7. To sew or fasten together, and inclose in a cover; as, to bind a book.

8. Fig.: To oblige, restrain, or hold, by authority, law, duty, promise, vow, affection, or other moral tie; as, to bind the conscience; to bind by kindness; bound by affection; commerce binds nations to each other. Who made our laws to bind us, not himself. Milton.

9. (Law) (a) To bring (any one) under definite legal obligations; esp. under the obligation of a bond or covenant. Abbott. (b) To place under legal obligation to serve; to indenture; as, to bind an apprentice; — sometimes with out; as, bound out to service. To bind over, to put under bonds to do something, as to appear at court, to keep the peace, etc. — To bind to, to contract; as, to bind one's self to a wife. — To bind up in, to cause to be wholly engrossed with; to absorb in.

Syn.
— To fetter; tie; fasten; restrain; restrict; oblige.

BIND
Bind, v. i.

1. To tie; to confine by any ligature. They that reap must sheaf and bind. Shak.

2. To contract; to grow hard or stiff; to cohere or stick together in a mass; as, clay binds by heat. Mortimer.

3. To be restrained from motion, or from customary or natural action, as by friction.

4. To exert a binding or restraining influence. Locke.

BIND
Bind, n.

1. That which binds or ties.

2. Any twining or climbing plant or stem, esp. a hop vine; a bine.

3. (Metal.)

Defn: Indurated clay, when much mixed with the oxide of iron. Kirwan.

4. (Mus.)

Defn: A ligature or tie for grouping notes.

BINDER
Bind"er, n.

1. One who binds; as, a binder of sheaves; one whose trade is to bind; as, a binder of books.

2. Anything that binds, as a fillet, cord, rope, or band; a bandage; — esp. the principal piece of timber intended to bind together any building.

BINDERY
Bind"er*y, n.

Defn: A place where books, or other articles, are bound; a bookbinder's establishment.

BINDHEIMITE
Bind"heim*ite, n. Etym: [From Bindheim, a German who analyzed it.]
(Min.)

Defn: An amorphous antimonate of lead, produced from the alteration of other ores, as from jamesonite.

BINDING
Bind"ing, a.

Defn: That binds; obligatory. Binding beam (Arch.), the main timber
in double flooring.
— Binding joist (Arch.), the secondary timber in double-framed
flooring.

Syn. — Obligatory; restraining; restrictive; stringent; astringent; costive; styptic.

BINDING
Bind"ing, n.

1. The act or process of one who, or that which, binds.

2. Anything that binds; a bandage; the cover of a book, or the cover with the sewing, etc.; something that secures the edge of cloth from raveling.

3. pl. (Naut.)

Defn: The transoms, knees, beams, keelson, and other chief timbers used for connecting and strengthening the parts of a vessel.

BINDINGLY
Bind"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to bind.

BINDINGNESS
Bind"ing*ness, n.

Defn: The condition or property of being binding; obligatory quality.
Coleridge.

BINDING POST
Bind"ing post`. (Elec.)

Defn: A metallic post attached to electrical apparatus for convenience in making connections.

BINDING SCREW
Bind"ing screw`.

Defn: A set screw used to bind parts together, esp. one for making a connection in an electrical circuit.

BINDWEED
Bind"weed`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Convolvulus; as, greater bindweed (C.
Sepium); lesser bindweed (C. arvensis); the white, the blue, the
Syrian, bindweed. The black bryony, or Tamus, is called black
bindweed, and the Smilax aspera, rough bindweed.
The fragile bindweed bells and bryony rings. Tennyson.

BINE
Bine, n. Etym: [Bind, cf. Woodbine.]

Defn: The winding or twining stem of a hop vine or other climbing plant.

BINERVATE
Bi*nerv"ate, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + nervus sinew, nerve.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Two-nerved; — applied to leaves which have two longitudinal ribs or nerves.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having only two nerves, as the wings of some insects.

BING
Bing, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. bingr, Sw. binge, G. beige, beuge. Cf.
Prov. E. bink bench, and bench coal the uppermost stratum of coal.]

Defn: A heap or pile; as, a bing of wood. "Potato bings." Burns. "A bing of corn." Surrey. [Obs. or Dial. Eng. & Scot.]

BINIODIDE
Bin*i"o*dide, n.

Defn: Same as Diiodide.

BINK
Bink, n.

Defn: A bench. [North of Eng. & Scot.]

BINNACLE Bin"na*cle, n. Etym: [For bittacle, corrupted (perh. by influence of bin) fr. Pg. bitacola binnacle, fr. L. habitaculum dwelling place, fr. habitare to dwell. See Habit, and cf. Bittacle.] (Naut.)

Defn: A case or box placed near the helmsman, containing the compass of a ship, and a light to show it at night. Totten.

BINNY
Bin"ny, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large species of barbel (Barbus bynni), found in the Nile, and much esteemed for food.

BINOCLE
Bin"o*cle, n. Etym: [F. binocle; L. bini two at a time + oculus eye.]
(Opt.)

Defn: A dioptric telescope, fitted with two tubes joining, so as to enable a person to view an object with both eyes at once; a double- barreled field glass or an opera glass.

BINOCULAR
Bin*oc"u*lar, a. Etym: [Cf. F. binoculaire. See Binocle.]

1. Having two eyes. "Most animals are binocular." Derham.

2. Pertaining to both eyes; employing both eyes at once; as, binocular vision.

3. Adapted to the use of both eyes; as, a binocular microscope or telescope. Brewster.

BINOCULAR
Bin*oc"u*lar, n.

Defn: A binocular glass, whether opera glass, telescope, or microscope.

BINOCULARLY
Bin*oc"u*lar*ly, adv.

Defn: In a binocular manner.

BINOCULATE
Bin*oc"u*late, a.

Defn: Having two eyes.

BINOMIAL Bi*no"mi*al, n. Etym: [L. bis twice + nomen name: cf. F. binome, LL. binomius (or fr. bi- + Gr. distribution ). Cf. Monomial.] (Alg.)

Defn: An expression consisting of two terms connected by the sign plus (+) or minus (-); as, a+b, or 7-3.

BINOMIAL
Bi*no"mi*al, a.

1. Consisting of two terms; pertaining to binomials; as, a binomial root.

2. (Nat. Hist.)

Defn: Having two names; — used of the system by which every animal and plant receives two names, the one indicating the genus, the other the species, to which it belongs. Binomial theorem (Alg.), the theorem which expresses the law of formation of any power of a binomial.

BINOMINAL
Bi*nom"i*nal, a. Etym: [See Binomial.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to two names; binomial.

BINOMINOUS
Bi*nom"i*nous, a.

Defn: Binominal. [Obs.]

BINOTONOUS Bi*not"o*nous, a. Etym: [L. bini two at a time + tonus, fr. Gr. , tone.]

Defn: Consisting of two notes; as, a binotonous cry.

BINOUS
Bi"nous, a.

Defn: Same as Binate.

BINOXALATE
Bin*ox"a*late, n. Etym: [Pref. bin- + oxalate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt having two equivalents of oxalic acid to one of the base; an acid oxalate.

BINOXIDE
Bin*ox"ide, n. Etym: [Pref. bin- + oxide.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Dioxide.

BINTURONG
Bin"tu*rong, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small Asiatic civet of the genus Arctilis.

BINUCLEAR; BINUCLEATE Bi*nu"cle*ar, Bi*nu"cle*ate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + nuclear, nucleate.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having two nuclei; as, binucleate cells.

BINUCLEOLATE
Bi*nu"cle*o*late, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + nucleolus.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having two nucleoli.

BIOBLAST
Bi"o*blast, n. Etym: [Gr. life + -blast.] (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Bioplast.

BIOCELLATE
Bi*oc"el*late, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + ocellatus. See Ocellated.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two ocelli (eyelike spots); — said of a wing, etc.

BIOCHEMISTRY
Bi`o*chem"is*try, n. Etym: [Gr. life + E. chemistry.] (Biol.)

Defn: The chemistry of living organisms; the chemistry of the processes incidental to, and characteristic of, life.

BIODYNAMIC; BIODYNAMICAL
Bi`o*dy*nam"ic, Bi`o*dy*nam"ic*al, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to biodynamics, or the doctrine of vital forces or energy.

BIODYNAMICS
Bi`o*dy*nam"ics, n. Etym: [Gr. life + E. dynamics.] (Biol.)

Defn: The doctrine of vital forces or energy.

BIOGEN
Bi"o*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. life + -gen.] (Biol.)

Defn: Bioplasm.

BIOGENESIS; BIOGENY Bi`o*gen"e*sis, Bi*og"e*ny, n. Etym: [Gr. life + , , birth.] (Biol.) (a) A doctrine that the genesis or production of living organisms can take place only through the agency of living germs or parents; — opposed to abiogenesis. (b) Life development generally.

BIOGENETIC
Bi`o*ge*net"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Pertaining to biogenesis.

BIOGENIST
Bi*og"e*nist, n.

Defn: A believer in the theory of biogenesis.

BIOGEOGRAPHY
Bi`o*ge*og"ra*phy, n. [Gr. bi`os life + E. geography.]

Defn: The branch of biology which deals with the geographical distribution of animals and plants. It includes both zoögeography and phytogeography. — Bi`o*ge`o*graph"ic (#), a. — Bi`o*ge`o*graph"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

BIOGNOSIS
Bi`og*no"sis, n. Etym: [Gr. life + investigation.] (Biol.)

Defn: The investigation of life.

BIOGRAPH
Bi"o*graph, n. [Gr. bi`os life + -graph.]

1.

Defn: An animated picture machine for screen projection; a cinematograph.

2. [Cf. Biography.] A biographical sketch. [Rare]

BIOGRAPHER
Bi*og"ra*pher, n.

Defn: One who writes an account or history of the life of a particular person; a writer of lives, as Plutarch.

BIOGRAPHIC; BIOGRAPHICAL
Bi"o*graph"ic, Bi`o*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to biography; containing biography.
— Bi`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

BIOGRAPHIZE
Bi*og"ra*phize, v. t.

Defn: To write a history of the life of. Southey.

BIOGRAPHY
Bi*og"ra*phy, n.; pl. Biographies. Etym: [Gr. ; life + to write: cf.
F. biographie. See Graphic.]

1. The written history of a person's life.

2. Biographical writings in general.

BIOLOGIC; BIOLOGICAL
Bi`o*log"ic, Bi`o*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or relating to biology.
— Bi`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

BIOLOGIST
Bi*ol"o*gist, n.

Defn: A student of biology; one versed in the science of biology.

BIOLOGY
Bi*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. life + -logy: cf. F. biologie.]

Defn: The science of life; that branch of knowledge which treats of living matter as distinct from matter which is not living; the study of living tissue. It has to do with the origin, structure, development, function, and distribution of animals and plants.

BIOLYSIS
Bi*ol"y*sis, n. Etym: [Gr. life + a dissolving.] (Biol.)

Defn: The destruction of life.

BIOLYTIC
Bi`o*lyt"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. life + to destroy.]

Defn: Relating to the destruction of life.

BIOMAGNETIC
Bi`o*mag*net"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to biomagnetism.

BIOMAGNETISM
Bi`o*mag"net*ism, n. Etym: [Gr. life + E. magnetism.]

Defn: Animal magnetism.

BIOMETRY
Bi*om"e*try, n. Etym: [Gr. life + -metry.]

Defn: Measurement of life; calculation of the probable duration of human life.

BION
Bi"on, n. Etym: [Gr. living, p. pr. of to live.] (Biol.)

Defn: The physiological individual, characterized by definiteness and independence of function, in distinction from the morphological individual or morphon.

BIONOMY
Bi*on"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. life + law.]

Defn: Physiology. [R.] Dunglison.

BIOPHOR; BIOPHORE
Bi"o*phor` Bi"o*phore`, n. Etym: [Gr. life + bearing, fr. to bear.]
(Biol.)

Defn: One of the smaller vital units of a cell, the bearer of vitality and heredity. See Pangen, in Supplement.

BIOPHOTOPHONE
Bi`o*pho"to*phone, n. [Gr. bi`os life + photo + fwnh` sound, voice.]

Defn: An instrument combining a cinematograph and a phonograph so that the moving figures on the screen are accompanied by the appropriate sounds.

BIOPLASM
Bi"o*plasm, n. Etym: [Gr. life + form, mold, fr. to mold.] (Biol.)

Defn: A name suggested by Dr. Beale for the germinal matter supposed to be essential to the functions of all living beings; the material through which every form of life manifests itself; unaltered protoplasm.

BIOPLASMIC
Bi`o*plas"mic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or consisting of, bioplasm.

BIOPLAST
Bi"o*plast, n. Etym: [Gr. life + to form.] (Biol.)

Defn: A tiny mass of bioplasm, in itself a living unit and having formative power, as a living white blood corpuscle; bioblast.

BIOPLASTIC
Bi`o*plas"tic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Bioplasmic.

BIOPSYCHIC; BIOPSYCHICAL
Bi`o*psy"chic, Bi`o*psy"chic*al, a. [Gr. bi`os life + psychic, -cal.]

Defn: Pertaining to psychical phenomena in their relation to the living organism or to the general phenomena of life.

BIORGAN
Bi*or"gan, n. Etym: [Gr. life + E. organ.] (Biol.)

Defn: A physiological organ; a living organ; an organ endowed with function; — distinguished from idorgan.

BIOSCOPE
Bi"o*scope, n. [Gr. bi`os life + -scope.]

1.

Defn: A view of life; that which gives such a view.

Bagman's Bioscope: Various Views of Men and Manners. [Book Title.]
W. Bayley (1824).

2. An animated picture machine for screen projection; a cinematograph (which see).

BIOSTATICS
Bi`o*stat"ics, n. Etym: [Gr. life + . See Statics.] (Biol.)

Defn: The physical phenomena of organized bodies, in opposition to their organic or vital phenomena.

BIOSTATISTICS
Bi`o*sta*tis"tics, n. Etym: [Gr. life + E. statistics.] (Biol.)

Defn: Vital statistics.

BIOTAXY
Bi"o*tax`y, n. Etym: [Gr. life + arrangement.] (Biol.)

Defn: The classification of living organisms according to their structural character; taxonomy.

BIOTIC
Bi*ot"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. pert. to life.] (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to life; as, the biotic principle.

BIOTITE
Bi"o*tite, n. Etym: [From Biot, a French naturalist.] (Min.)

Defn: Mica containing iron and magnesia, generally of a black or dark green color; — a common constituent of crystalline rocks. See Mica.

BIPALMATE
Bi*pal"mate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + palmate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Palmately branched, with the branches again palmated.

BIPARIETAL
Bi`pa*ri"e*tal, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + parietal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the diameter of the cranium, from one parietal fossa to the other.

BIPAROUS
Bip"a*rous, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + parere to bring forth.]

Defn: Bringing forth two at a birth.

BIPARTIBLE
Bi*part"i*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. bipartible. See Bipartite.]

Defn: Capable of being divided into two parts.

BIPARTIENT Bi*par"tient, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + partiens, p. pr. of partire to divide.]

Defn: Dividing into two parts.
— n.

Defn: A number that divides another into two equal parts without a remainder.

BIPARTILE
Bi*par"tile, a.

Defn: Divisible into two parts.

BIPARTITE Bip"ar*tite, a. Etym: [L. bipartitus, p. p. of bipartire; bis twice + partire. See Partite.]

1. Being in two parts; having two correspondent parts, as a legal contract or writing, one for each party; shared by two; as, a bipartite treaty.

2. Divided into two parts almost to the base, as a leaf; consisting of two parts or subdivisions. Gray.

BIPARTITION
Bi`par*ti"tion, n.

Defn: The act of dividing into two parts, or of making two correspondent parts, or the state of being so divided.

BIPECTINATE; BIPECTINATED
Bi*pec"ti*nate, Bi*pec"ti*na`ted, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + pectinate.]
(Biol.)

Defn: Having two margins toothed like a comb.

BIPED
Bi"ped, n. Etym: [L. bipes; bis twice + pes, pedis, bipède.]

Defn: A two-footed animal, as man.

BIPED
Bi"ped, a.

Defn: Having two feet; two-footed. By which the man, when heavenly life was ceased, Became a helpless, naked, biped beast. Byrom.

BIPEDAL
Bip"e*dal, a. Etym: [L. bipedalis: cf. F. bipédal. See Biped, n.]

1. Having two feet; biped.

2. Pertaining to a biped.

BIPELTATE
Bi*pel"tate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + peltate.]

Defn: Having a shell or covering like a double shield.

BIPENNATE; BIPENNATED Bi*pen"nate, Bi*pen"na*ted, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + pennate: cf. L. bipennis. Cf. Bipinnate.]

Defn: Having two wings. "Bipennated insects." Derham.

BIPENNIS
Bi*pen"nis, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: An ax with an edge or blade on each side of the handle.

BIPETALOUS
Bi*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + petalous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two petals.

BIPINNARIA
Bi`pin*na"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. bis twice + pinna feather.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: The larva of certain starfishes as developed in the free- swimming stage.

BIPINNATE; BIPINNATED Bi*pin"nate, Bi*pin"na*ted, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + pinnate; cf. F. bipinné. Cf. Bipennate.]

Defn: Twice pinnate.

BIPINNATIFID
Bi`pin*nat"i*fid, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + pinnatifid.] (Bot.)

Defn: Doubly pinnatifid.

Note: A bipinnatifid leaf is a pinnatifid leaf having its segments or divisions also pinnatifid. The primary divisions are pinnæ and the secondary pinnules.

BIPLANE
Bi"plane, n. [Pref. bi- + plane.] (Aëronautics)

Defn: An aëroplane with two main supporting surfaces one above the other.

BIPLANE
Bi"plane, a. (Aëronautics)

Defn: Having, or consisting of, two superposed planes, aërocurves, or the like; of or pertaining to a biplane; as, a biplane rudder.

BIPLICATE
Bip"li*cate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + plicate.]

Defn: Twice folded together. Henslow.

BIPLICITY
Bi*plic"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being twice folded; reduplication. [R.] Bailey.

BIPOLAR
Bi*po"lar, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + polar. Cf. Dipolar.]

Defn: Doubly polar; having two poles; as, a bipolar cell or corpuscle.

BIPOLARITY
Bi`po*lar"i*ty, n.

Defn: Bipolar quality.

BIPONT; BIPONTINE
Bi"pont, Bi*pont"ine, a. (Bibliog.)

Defn: Relating to books printed at Deuxponts, or Bipontium
(Zweibrücken), in Bavaria.

BIPRISM
Bi"prism, n. [Pref. bi- + prism.]

1.

Defn: A prism whose refracting angle is very nearly 180 degrees.

2. A combination of two short rectangular glass prisms cemented together at their diagonal faces so as to form a cube; — called also optical cube. It is used in one form of photometer.

BIPUNCTATE
Bi*punc"tate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + punctate.]

Defn: Having two punctures, or spots.

BIPUNCTUAL
Bi*punc"tu*al, a.

Defn: Having two points.

BIPUPILLATE
Bi*pu"pil*late, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + pupil (of the eye).] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having an eyelike spot on the wing, with two dots within it of a different color, as in some butterflies.

BIPYRAMIDAL
Bi`py*ram"i*dal, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + pyramidal.]

Defn: Consisting of two pyramids placed base to base; having a pyramid at each of the extremities of a prism, as in quartz crystals.

BIQUADRATE
Bi*quad"rate, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + quadrate.] (Math.)

Defn: The fourth power, or the square of the square. Thus 4x4=16, the square of 4, and 16x16=256, the biquadrate of 4.

BIQUADRATIC Bi`quad*rat"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + quadratic: cf. F. biquadratique.] (Math.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the biquadrate, or fourth power. Biquadratic equation (Alg.), an equation of the fourth degree, or an equation in some term of which the unknown quantity is raised to the fourth power. — Biquadratic root of a number, the square root of the square root of that number. Thus the square root of 81 is 9, and the square root of 9 is 3, which is the biquadratic root of 81. Hutton.

BIQUADRATIC Bi`quad*rat"ic, n. (Math.) (a) A biquadrate. (b) A biquadratic equation.

BIQUINTILE
Bi*quin"tile, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + quintile: cf. F. biquintile.]
(Astron.)

Defn: An aspect of the planets when they are distant from each other by twice the fifth part of a great circle — that is, twice 72 degrees.

BIRADIATE; BIRADIATED
Bi*ra"di*ate, Bi*ra"di*a`ted, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + radiate.]

Defn: Having two rays; as, a biradiate fin.

BIRAMOUS
Bi*ra"mous, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + ramous.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having, or consisting of, two branches.

BIRCH
Birch, n.; pl. Birches. Etym: [OE. birche, birk, AS. birce, beorc;
akin to Icel. björk, Sw. björk, Dan. birk, D. berk, OHG. piricha,
MHG. birche, birke, G. birke, Russ. bereza, Pol. brzoza, Serv. breza,
Skr. bh. sq. root254. Cf. 1st Birk.]

1. A tree of several species, constituting the genus Betula; as, the white or common birch (B. alba) (also called silver birch and lady birch); the dwarf birch (B. glandulosa); the paper or canoe birch (B. papyracea); the yellow birch (B. lutea); the black or cherry birch (B. lenta).

2. The wood or timber of the birch.

3. A birch twig or birch twigs, used for flogging.

Note: The twigs of the common European birch (B. alba), being tough
and slender, were formerly much used for rods in schools. They were
also made into brooms.
The threatening twigs of birch. Shak.

4. A birch-bark canoe. Birch of Jamaica, a species (Bursera gummifera) of turpentine tree. — Birch partridge. (Zoöl.) See Ruffed grouse. — Birch wine, wine made of the spring sap of the birch. — Oil of birch. (a) An oil obtained from the bark of the common European birch (Betula alba), and used in the preparation of genuine ( and sometimes of the imitation) Russia leather, to which it gives its peculiar odor. (b) An oil prepared from the black birch (B. lenta), said to be identical with the oil of wintergreen, for which it is largely sold.

BIRCH
Birch, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the birch; birchen.

BIRCH
Birch, v. t. [imp & p. p. Birched; p. pr. & vb. n. Birching.]

Defn: To whip with a birch rod or twig; to flog.

BIRCHEN
Birch"en, a.

Defn: Of or relating to birch. He passed where Newark's stately tower Looks out from Yarrow's birchen bower. Sir W. Scott.

BIRD Bird, n. Etym: [OE. brid, bred, bird, young bird, bird, AS. bridd young bird.

1. Orig., a chicken; the young of a fowl; a young eaglet; a nestling; and hence, a feathered flying animal (see 2). That ungentle gull, the cuckoo's bird. Shak. The brydds [birds] of the aier have nestes. Tyndale (Matt. viii. 20).

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A warm-blooded, feathered vertebrate provided with wings. See
Aves.

3. Specifically, among sportsmen, a game bird.

4. Fig.: A girl; a maiden. And by my word! the bonny bird In danger shall not tarry. Campbell. Arabian bird, the phenix. — Bird of Jove, the eagle. — Bird of Juno, the peacock. — Bird louse (Zoöl.), a wingless insect of the group Mallophaga, of which the genera and species are very numerous and mostly parasitic upon birds. — Bird mite (Zoöl.), a small mite (genera Dermanyssus, Dermaleichus and allies) parasitic upon birds. The species are numerous. — Bird of passage, a migratory bird. — Bird spider (Zoöl.), a very large South American spider (Mygale avicularia). It is said sometimes to capture and kill small birds. — Bird tick (Zoöl.), a dipterous insect parasitic upon birds (genus Ornithomyia, and allies), usually winged.

BIRD
Bird, v. i.

1. To catch or shoot birds.

2. Hence: To seek for game or plunder; to thieve. [R.] B. Jonson.

BIRDBOLT
Bird"bolt`, n.

Defn: A short blunt arrow for killing birds without piercing them.
Hence: Anything which smites without penetrating. Shak.

BIRD CAGE; BIRDCAGE
Bird" cage", or Bird"cage`, n.

Defn: A cage for confining birds.

BIRDCALL
Bird"call`, n.

1. A sound made in imitation of the note or cry of a bird for the purpose of decoying the bird or its mate.

2. An instrument of any kind, as a whistle, used in making the sound of a birdcall.

BIRDCATCHER
Bird"catch`er, n.

Defn: One whose employment it is to catch birds; a fowler.

BIRDCATCHING
Bird"catch`ing, n.

Defn: The art, act, or occupation or catching birds or wild fowls.

BIRD CHERRY
Bird" cher`ry. (Bot.)

Defn: A shrub (Prunus Padus ) found in Northern and Central Europe.
It bears small black cherries.

BIRDER
Bird"er, n.

Defn: A birdcatcher.

BIRD-EYED
Bird"-eyed`, a.

Defn: Quick-sighted; catching a glance as one goes.

BIRD FANCIER
Bird" fan`ci*er.

1. One who takes pleasure in rearing or collecting rare or curious birds.

2. One who has for sale the various kinds of birds which are kept in cages.

BIRDIE
Bird"ie, n.

Defn: A pretty or dear little bird; — a pet name. Tennyson.

BIRDIKIN
Bird"i*kin, n.

Defn: A young bird. Thackeray.

BIRDING
Bird"ing, n.

Defn: Birdcatching or fowling. Shak. Birding piece, a fowling piece.
Shak.

BIRDLET
Bird"let, n.

Defn: A little bird; a nestling.

BIRDLIKE
Bird"like`, a.

Defn: Resembling a bird.

BIRDLIME
Bird"lime`, n. Etym: [Bird + lime viscous substance.]

Defn: An extremely adhesive viscid substance, usually made of the middle bark of the holly, by boiling, fermenting, and cleansing it. When a twig is smeared with this substance it will hold small birds which may light upon it. Hence: Anything which insnares. Not birdlime or Idean pitch produce A more tenacious mass of clammy juice. Dryden.

Note: Birdlime is also made from mistletoe, elder, etc.

BIRDLIME
Bird"lime`, v. t. T

Defn: o smear with birdlime; to catch with birdlime; to insnare. When the heart is thus birdlimed, then it cleaves to everything it meets with. Coodwin.

BIRDLING
Bird"ling, n.

Defn: A little bird; a nestling.

BIRDMAN
Bird"man, n.

Defn: A fowler or birdcatcher.

BIRD OF PARADISE
Bird" of par"a*dise. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The name of several very beautiful birds of the genus Paradisea and allied genera, inhabiting New Guinea and the adjacent islands. The males have brilliant colors, elegant plumes, and often remarkable tail feathers.

Note: The Great emerald (Paradisea apoda) and the Lesser emerald (P. minor) furnish many of the plumes used as ornaments by ladies; the Red is P. rubra or sanguinea; the Golden is Parotia aurea or sexsetacea; the King is Cincinnurus regius. The name is also applied to the longer-billed birds of another related group (Epimachinæ) from the same region. The Twelve-wired (Seleucides alba) is one of these. See Paradise bird, and Note under Apod.

BIRD PEPPER
Bird" pep`per.

Defn: A species of capsicum (Capsicum baccatum), whose small, conical, coral-red fruit is among the most piquant of all red peppers.

BIRD'S-BEAK
Bird's"-beak`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: A molding whose section is thought to resemble a beak.

BIRDSEED
Bird"seed`, n.

Defn: Canary seed, hemp, millet or other small seeds used for feeding caged birds.

BIRD'S-EYE
Bird's"-eye`, a.

1. Seen from above, as if by a flying bird; embraced at a glance; hence, generalas, a bird's-eye view.

2. Marked with spots resembling bird's eyes; as, bird's-eye diaper; bird's-eye maple.

BIRD'S-EYE
Bird's"-eye`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant with a small bright flower, as the Adonis or pheasant's eye, the mealy primrose (Primula farinosa), and species of Veronica, Geranium, etc.

BIRD'S-EYE MAPLE
Bird's"-eye` ma"ple.

Defn: See under Maple.

BIRD'S-FOOT
Bird's"-foot`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A papilionaceous plant, the Ornithopus, having a curved, cylindrical pod tipped with a short, clawlike point. Bird's-foot trefoil. (Bot.) (a) A genus of plants (Lotus) with clawlike pods. L. corniculatas, with yellow flowers, is very common in Great Britain. (b) the related plant, Trigonella ornithopodioides, is also European.

BIRD'S-MOUTH
Bird's-mouth`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: An interior acrow's-foot in the United States.

BIRD'S NEST; BIRD'S-NEST
Bird's" nest`, or Bird's-nest, n.

1. The nest in which a bird lays eggs and hatches her young.

2. (Cookery)

Defn: The nest of a small swallow (Collocalia nidifica and several allied species), of China and the neighboring countries, which is mixed with soups.

Note: The nests are found in caverns and fissures of cliffs on rocky coasts, and are composed in part of algæ. They are of the size of a goose egg, and in substance resemble isinglass. See Illust. under Edible.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: An orchideous plant with matted roots, of the genus Neottia (N. nidus-avis.) Bird's-nest pudding, a pudding containing apples whose cores have been replaces by sugar. — Yellow bird's nest, a plant, the Monotropa hypopitys.

BIRD'S-NESTING
Bird's-nest`ing, n.

Defn: Hunting for, or taking, birds' nests or their contents.

BIRD'S-TONGUE
Bird's"-tongue`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The knotgrass (Polygonum aviculare).

BIRD-WITTED
Bird"-wit`ted, a.

Defn: Flighty; passing rapidly from one subject to another; not having the faculty of attention. Bacon.

BIRDWOMAN
Bird"wom`an, n.

Defn: An airwoman; an aviatress. [Colloq.]

BIRECTANGULAR
Bi`rec*tan"gu*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + rectangular.]

Defn: Containing or having two right angles; as, a birectangular spherical triangle.

BIREME
Bi"reme, n. Etym: [L. biremis; bis twice + remus oar: cf. F. birème.]

Defn: An ancient galley or vessel with two banks or tiers of oars.

BIRETTA
Bi*ret"ta, n.

Defn: Same as Berretta.

BIRGANDER
Bir"gan*der, n.

Defn: See Bergander.

BIRK
Birk, n. Etym: [See Birch, n.]

Defn: A birch tree. [Prov. Eng.] "The silver birk." Tennyson.

BIRK
Birk, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small European minnow (Leuciscus phoxinus).

BIRKEN
Birk"en, v. t. Etym: [From 1st Birk.]

Defn: To whip with a birch or rod. [Obs.]

BIRKEN
Birk"en, a.

Defn: Birchen; as, birken groves. Burns.

BIRKIE
Bir"kie, n.

Defn: A lively or mettlesome fellow. [Jocular, Scot.] Burns.

BIRL
Birl, v. t. & i.

Defn: To revolve or cause to revolve; to spin. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

BIRL
Birl, v. t. & i. Etym: [AS. byrlian.

Defn: To pour (beer or wine); to ply with drink; to drink; to carouse. [Obs. or Dial.] Skelton.

BIRLAW
Bir"law, n. Etym: [See By-law.] (Law)

Defn: A law made by husbandmen respecting rural affairs; a rustic or local law or by-law. [Written also byrlaw, birlie, birley.]

BIROSTRATE; BIROSTRATED
Bi*ros`trate, Bi*ros"tra*ted, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + rostrate.]

Defn: Having a double beak, or two processes resembling beaks.
The capsule is bilocular and birostrated. Ed. Encyc.

BIRR
Birr, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Birred; p. pr. & vb. n. Birring.] Etym:
[Cf. OE. bur, bir, wind, storm wind, fr. Icel. byrr wind. Perh.
imitative.]

Defn: To make, or move with, a whirring noise, as of wheels in motion.

BIRR
Birr, n.

1. A whirring sound, as of a spinning wheel.

2. A rush or impetus; force.

BIRRUS
Bir"rus, n. Etym: [LL., fr. L. birrus a kind of cloak. See Berretta.]

Defn: A coarse kind of thick woolen cloth, worn by the poor in the Middle Ages; also, a woolen cap or hood worn over the shoulders or over the head.

BIRSE
Birse, n.

Defn: A bristle or bristles. [Scot.]

BIRT
Birt, n. Etym: [OE. byrte; cf. F. bertonneau. Cf. Bret, Burt.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish of the turbot kind; the brill. [Written also burt, bret, or brut.] [Prov. Eng.]

BIRTH Birth, n. Etym: [OE. burth, birth, AS. beor, gebyrd, fr. beran to bear, bring forth; akin to D. geboorate, OHG. burt, giburt, G. geburt, Icel. bur, Skr. bhrti bearing, supporting; cf. Ir. & Gael. beirthe born, brought forth. Bear, and cf. Berth.]

1. The act or fact of coming into life, or of being born; — generally applied to human beings; as, the birth of a son.

2. Lineage; extraction; descent; sometimes, high birth; noble
extraction.
Elected without reference to birth, but solely for qualifications.
Prescott.

3. The condition to which a person is born; natural state or position; inherited disposition or tendency. A foe by birth to Troy's unhappy name. Dryden.

4. The act of bringing forth; as, she had two children at a birth. "At her next birth." Milton.

5. That which is born; that which is produced, whether animal or vegetable. Poets are far rarer births that kings. B. Jonson. Others hatch their eggs and tend the birth till it is able to shift for itself. Addison.

6. Origin; beginning; as, the birth of an empire. New birth (Theol.), regeneration, or the commencement of a religious life.

Syn.
— Parentage; extraction; lineage; race; family.

BIRTH
Birth, n.

Defn: See Berth. [Obs.] De Foe.

BIRTHDAY
Birth"day`, n.

1. The day in which any person is born; day of origin or
commencement.
Those barbarous ages past, succeeded next The birthday of invention.
Cowper.

2. The day of the month in which a person was born, in whatever succeeding year it may recur; the anniversary of one's birth. This is my birthday; as this very day Was Cassius born. Shak.

BIRTHDAY
Birth"day`, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the day of birth, or its anniversary; as, birthday gifts or festivities.

BIRTHDOM
Birth"dom, n. Etym: [Birth + -dom.]

Defn: The land of one's birth; one's inheritance. [R.] Shak.

BIRTHING
Birth"ing, n. (Naut.)

Defn: Anything added to raise the sides of a ship. Bailey.

BIRTHLESS
Birth"less, a.

Defn: Of mean extraction. [R.] Sir W. Scott.

BIRTHMARK
Birth"mark`, n.

Defn: Some peculiar mark or blemish on the body at birth. Most part of this noble lineage carried upon their body for a natural birthmark, . . . a snake. Sir T. North.

BIRTHNIGHT
Birth"night`, n.

Defn: The night in which a person is born; the anniversary of that
night in succeeding years.
The angelic song in Bethlehem field, On thy birthnight, that sung
thee Savior born. Milton.

BIRTHPLACE
Birth"place`, n.

Defn: The town, city, or country, where a person is born; place of origin or birth, in its more general sense. "The birthplace of valor." Burns.

BIRTHRIGHT
Birth"right`, n.

Defn: Any right, privilege, or possession to which a person is entitled by birth, such as an estate descendible by law to an heir, or civil liberty under a free constitution; esp. the rights or inheritance of the first born. Lest there be any . . . profane person, as Esau, who for one morsel of meat sold his birthright. Heb. xii. 16.

BIRTHROOT
Birth"root`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An herbaceous plant (Trillium erectum), and its astringent rootstock, which is said to have medicinal properties.

BIRTHWORT
Birth"wort`, n.

Defn: A genus of herbs and shrubs (Aristolochia), reputed to have medicinal properties.

BIS
Bis, adv. Etym: [L. bis twice, for duis, fr. root of duo two. See
Two, and cf. Bi-.]

Defn: Twice; — a word showing that something is, or is to be, repeated; as a passage of music, or an item in accounts.

BIS; BIS-
Bis*, pref.

Defn: A form of Bi-, sometimes used before s, c, or a vowel.

BISA ANTELOPE
Bi"sa an"te*lope. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Oryx.

BISACCATE
Bi*sac"cate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + saccate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two little bags, sacs, or pouches.

BISCAYAN
Bis*cay"an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Biscay in Spain.
— n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Biscay.

BISCOTIN
Bis"co*tin, n. Etym: [F. biscotin. See Biscuit.]

Defn: A confection made of flour, sugar, marmalade, and eggs; a sweet biscuit.

BISCUIT
Bis"cuit, n. Etym: [F. biscuit (cf. It. biscotto, Sp. bizcocho, Pg.
biscouto), fr. L. bis twice + coctus, p. p. of coquere to cook, bake.
See Cook, and cf. Bisque a kind of porcelain.]

1. A kind of unraised bread, of many varieties, plain, sweet, or fancy, formed into flat cakes, and bakes hard; as, ship biscuit. According to military practice, the bread or biscuit of the Romans was twice prepared in the oven. Gibbon.

2. A small loaf or cake of bread, raised and shortened, or made light with soda or baking powder. Usually a number are baked in the same pan, forming a sheet or card.

3. Earthen ware or porcelain which has undergone the first baking, before it is subjected to the glazing.

4. (Sculp.)

Defn: A species of white, unglazed porcelain, in which vases, figures, and groups are formed in miniature. Meat biscuit, an alimentary preparation consisting of matters extracted from meat by boiling, or of meat ground fine and combined with flour, so as to form biscuits.

BISCUTATE
Bi*scu"tate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + scutate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Resembling two bucklers placed side by side.

BISE
Bise, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A cold north wind which prevails on the northern coasts of the Mediterranean and in Switzerland, etc.; — nearly the same as the mistral.

BISE
Bise, n. (Paint.)

Defn: See Bice.

BISECT
Bi*sect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bisected; p. pr. & vb. n. Bisecting.]
Etym: [L. bis twice + secare, sectum, to cut.]

1. To cut or divide into two parts.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: To divide into two equal parts.

BISECTION
Bi*sec"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. bissection.]

Defn: Division into two parts, esp. two equal parts.

BISECTOR
Bi*sec"tor, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, bisects; esp. (Geom.) a straight line which bisects an angle.

BISECTRIX
Bi*sec"trix, n.

Defn: The line bisecting the angle between the optic axes of a biaxial crystal.

BISEGMENT
Bi*seg"ment, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + segment.]

Defn: One of tow equal parts of a line, or other magnitude.

BISEPTATE
Bi*sep"tate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + septate.]

Defn: With two partitions or septa. Gray.

BISERIAL; BISERIATE
Bi*se"ri*al, Bi*se"ri*ate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + serial, seriate.]

Defn: In two rows or series.

BISERRATE
Bi*ser"rate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + serrate.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Doubly serrate, or having the serratures serrate, as in some leaves.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Serrate on both sides, as some antennæ.

BISETOSE; BISETOUS
Bi*se"tose, Bi*se"tous, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + setose, setous.]

Defn: Having two bristles.

BISEXOUS
Bi*sex"ous, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + sexus sex: cf. F. bissexe.]

Defn: Bisexual. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

BISEXUAL
Bi*sex"u*al, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + sexual.] (Biol.)

Defn: Of both sexes; hermaphrodite; as a flower with stamens and pistil, or an animal having ovaries and testes.

BISEXUOUS
Bi*sex"u*ous, a.

Defn: Bisexual.

BISEYE
Bi*seye", p. p.

Defn: of Besee. [Obs.] Chaucer. Evil biseye, ill looking. [Obs.]

BISH
Bish, n.

Defn: Same as Bikh.

BISHOP Bish"op, n. Etym: [OE. bischop, biscop, bisceop, AS. bisceop, biscop, L. episcopus overseer, superintendent, bishop, fr. Gr. , over + inspector, fr. root of , , to look to, perh. akin to L. specere to look at. See Spy, and cf. Episcopal.]

1. A spiritual overseer, superintendent, or director. Ye were as sheep going astray; but are now returned unto the Shepherd and Bishop of your souls. 1 Pet. ii. 25. It is a fact now generally recognized by theologians of all shades of opinion, that in the language of the New Testament the same officer in the church is called indifferently "bishop" ( J. B. Lightfoot.

2. In the Roman Catholic, Greek, and Anglican or Protestant Episcopal churches, one ordained to the highest order of the ministry, superior to the priesthood, and generally claiming to be a successor of the Apostles. The bishop is usually the spiritual head or ruler of a diocese, bishopric, or see. Bishop in partibus [infidelium] (R. C. Ch.), a bishop of a see which does not actually exist; one who has the office of bishop, without especial jurisdiction. Shipley. — Titular bishop (R. C. Ch.), a term officially substituted in 1882 for bishop in partibus. — Bench of Bishops. See under Bench.

3. In the Methodist Episcopal and some other churches, one of the highest church officers or superintendents.

4. A piece used in the game of chess, bearing a representation of a bishop's miter; — formerly called archer.

5. A beverage, being a mixture of wine, oranges or lemons, and sugar. Swift.

6. An old name for a woman's bustle. [U. S.] If, by her bishop, or her "grace" alone, A genuine lady, or a church, is known. Saxe.

BISHOP
Bish"op, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bishoped; p. pr. & vb. n. Bishoping.]

Defn: To admit into the church by confirmation; to confirm; hence, to receive formally to favor.

BISHOP
Bish"op, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bishoped; p. pr. & vb. n. Bishoping.]
Etym: [From the name of the scoundrel who first practiced it.
Youatt.] (Far.)

Defn: To make seem younger, by operating on the teeth; as, to bishop an old horse or his teeth.

Note: The plan adopted is to cut off all the nippers with a saw to the proper length, and then with a cutting instrument the operator scoops out an oval cavity in the corner nippers, which is afterwards burnt with a hot iron until it is black. J. H. Walsh.

BISHOPDOM
Bish"op*dom, n.

Defn: Jurisdiction of a bishop; episcopate. "Divine right of bishopdom." Milton.

BISHOPLIKE
Bish"op*like`, a.

Defn: Resembling a bishop; belonging to a bishop. Fulke.

BISHOPLY
Bish"op*ly, a.

Defn: Bishoplike; episcopal. [Obs.]

BISHOPLY
Bish"op*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a bishop. [Obs.]

BISHOPRIC Bish"op*ric, n. Etym: [AS. bisceoprice; bisceop bishop + rice dominion. See -ric.]

1. A diocese; the district over which the jurisdiction of a bishop extends.

2. The office of a spiritual overseer, as of an apostle, bishop, or presbyter. Acts i. 20.

BISHOP'S CAP
Bish"op's cap`. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Mitella; miterwort. Longfellow.

BISHOP SLEEVE
Bish"op sleeve`.

Defn: A wide sleeve, once worn by women.

BISHOP'S LENGTH
Bish"op's length`.

Defn: A canvas for a portrait measuring 58 by 94 inches. The half bishop measures 45 of 56.

BISHOP-STOOL
Bish"op-stool`, n.

Defn: A bishop's seat or see.

BISHOP'S-WEED Bish"op's-weed`, n. (Bot.) (a) An umbelliferous plant of the genus Ammi. (b) Goutweed (Ægopodium podagraria).

BISHOP'S-WORT
Bish"op's-wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Wood betony (Stachys betonica); also, the plant called fennel flower (Nigella Damascena), or devil-in-a-bush.

BISIE
Bis"ie, v. t.

Defn: To busy; to employ. [Obs.]

BISILICATE
Bi*sil"i*cate, n. (Min. Chem.)

Defn: A salt of metasilicic acid; — so called because the ratio of the oxygen of the silica to the oxygen of the base is as two to one. The bisilicates include many of the most common and important minerals.

BISK
Bisk, n. Etym: [F. bisque.]

Defn: Soup or broth made by boiling several sorts of flesh together.
King.

BISK
Bisk, n. Etym: [F. bisque.] (Tennis)

Defn: See Bisque.

BISKARA BOIL; BISKARA BUTTON Bis"ka*ra boil`, Bis"ka*ra but"ton . [Named after the town Biskara, in Algeria.] (Med.)

Defn: Same as Aleppo boil.

BISMARE; BISMER
Bi*smare", Bi*smer", n. Etym: [AS. bismer.]

Defn: Shame; abuse. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BISMER
Bis"mer, n.

1. A rule steelyard. [Scot.]

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The fifteen-spined (Gasterosteus spinachia).

BISMILLAH
Bis*mil"lah, interj. Etym: [Arabic, in the name of God!]

Defn: An adjuration or exclamation common among the Mohammedans.
[Written also Bizmillah.]

BISMITE
Bis"mite, n. (Min.)

Defn: Bismuth trioxide, or bismuth ocher.

BISMUTH
Bis"muth, n. Etym: [Ger. bismuth, wismuth: cf. F. bismuth.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of the elements; a metal of a reddish white color, crystallizing in rhombohedrons. It is somewhat harder than lead, and rather brittle; masses show broad cleavage surfaces when broken across. It melts at 507º Fahr., being easily fused in the flame of a candle. It is found in a native state, and as a constituent of some minerals. Specific gravity 9.8. Atomic weight 207.5. Symbol Bi.

Note: Chemically, bismuth (with arsenic and antimony is intermediate between the metals and nonmetals; it is used in thermo-electric piles, and as an alloy with lead and tin in the fusible alloy or metal. Bismuth is the most diamagnetic substance known. Bismuth glance, bismuth sulphide; bismuthinite. — Bismuth ocher, a native bismuth oxide; bismite.

BISMUTHAL
Bis"muth*al, a.

Defn: Containing bismuth.

BISMUTHIC
Bis"muth*ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to bismuth; containing bismuth, when this element has its higher valence; as, bismuthic oxide.

BISMUTHIFEROUS
Bis`muth*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [Bismuth + -ferous.]

Defn: Containing bismuth.

BISMUTHINE; BISMUTHINITE
Bis"muth*ine, Bis"muth*in*ite, n.

Defn: Native bismuth sulphide; — sometimes called bismuthite.

BISMUTHOUS
Bis"muth*ous, a.

Defn: Of, or containing, bismuth, when this element has its lower valence.

BISMUTHYL
Bis"muth*yl`, n. (Min.)

Defn: Hydrous carbonate of bismuth, an earthy mineral of a dull white or yellowish color. [Written also bismuthite.]

BISON Bi"son, n. Etym: [L. bison, Gr. , a wild ox; akin to OHG. wisunt, wisant, G. wisent, AS. wesend, Icel. visundr: cf. F. bison.] (Zoöl.) (a) The aurochs or European bison. (b) The American bison buffalo (Bison Americanus), a large, gregarious bovine quadruped with shaggy mane and short black horns, which formerly roamed in herds over most of the temperate portion of North America, but is now restricted to very limited districts in the region of the Rocky Mountains, and is rapidly decreasing in numbers.

BISPINOSE
Bi*spi"nose, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + spinose.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two spines.

BISQUE
Bisque, n. Etym: [A corruption of biscuit.]

Defn: Unglazed white porcelain.

BISQUE
Bisque, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A point taken by the receiver of odds in the game of tennis; also, an extra innings allowed to a weaker player in croquet.

BISQUE
Bisque, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A white soup made of crayfish.

BISSELL TRUCK
Bis"sell truck.

Defn: A truck for railroad rolling stock, consisting of two ordinary axle boxes sliding in guides attached to a triangular frame; — called also pony truck.

BISSEXTILE Bis*sex"tile, n. Etym: [L. bissextilis annus, fr. bissextus (bis + sextus sixth, fr. sex six) the sixth of the calends of March, or twenty-fourth day of February, which was reckoned twice every fourth year, by the intercalation of a day.]

Defn: Leap year; every fourth year, in which a day is added to the month of February on account of the excess of the tropical year (365 d. 5 h. 48 m. 46 s.) above 365 days. But one day added every four years is equivalent to six hours each year, which is 11 m. 14 s. more than the excess of the real year. Hence, it is necessary to suppress the bissextile day at the end of every century which is not divisible by 400, while it is retained at the end of those which are divisible by 400.

BISSEXTILE
Bis*sex"tile, a.

Defn: Pertaining to leap year.

BISSON
Bis"son, a. Etym: [OE. bisen, bisne, AS. bisen, prob. for bis; bi by
+ s clear, akin to seón to see; clear when near, hence short-sighted.
See See.]

Defn: Purblind; blinding. [Obs.] "Bisson rheum." Shak.

BISTER; BISTRE
Bis"ter, Bis"tre, n. Etym: [F. bistre a color made of soot; of
unknown origin. Cf., however, LG. biester frowning, dark, ugly.]
(Paint.)

Defn: A dark brown pigment extracted from the soot of wood.

BISTIPULED
Bi*stip"uled, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + stipule.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two stipules.

BISTORT
Bis"tort, n. Etym: [L. bis + tortus, p. p. of torquere to twist: cf.
F. bistorte.] (Bot.)

Defn: An herbaceous plant of the genus Polygonum, section Bistorta; snakeweed; adderwort. Its root is used in medicine as an astringent.

BISTOURY
Bis"tou*ry, n.; pl. Bistouries. Etym: [F. bistouri.]

Defn: A surgical instrument consisting of a slender knife, either straight or curved, generally used by introducing it beneath the part to be divided, and cutting towards the surface.

BISTRE
Bis"tre, n.

Defn: See Bister.

BISULCATE
Bi*sul"cate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + sulcate.]

1. Having two grooves or furrows.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Cloven; said of a foot or hoof.

BISULCOUS
Bi*sul"cous, a. Etym: [L. bisulcus; bis twice + sulcus furrow.]

Defn: Bisulcate. Sir T. Browne.

BISULPHATE
Bi*sul"phate, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + sulphate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A sulphate in which but half the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a positive element or radical, thus making the proportion of the acid to the positive or basic portion twice what it is in the normal sulphates; an acid sulphate.

BISULPHIDE
Bi*sul"phide, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + sulphide.] (Chem.)

Defn: A sulphide having two atoms of sulphur in the molecule; a disulphide, as in iron pyrites, FeS2; — less frequently called bisulphuret.

BISULPHITE
Bi*sul"phite, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of sulphurous acid in which the base replaces but half the hydrogen of the acid; an acid sulphite.

BISULPHURET
Bi*sul"phu*ret, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + sulphuret.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Bisulphide.

BIT
Bit, n. Etym: [OE. bitt, bite, AS. bite, bite, fr. bitan to bite. See
Bite, n. & v., and cf. Bit a morsel.]

1. The part of a bridle, usually of iron, which is inserted in the mouth of a horse, and having appendages to which the reins are fastened. Shak. The foamy bridle with the bit of gold. Chaucer.

2. Fig.: Anything which curbs or restrains.

BIT
Bit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Bitting.]

Defn: To put a bridle upon; to put the bit in the mouth of.

BIT
Bit,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Bite.

BIT Bit, n. Etym: [OE. bite, AS. bita, fr. bitan to bite; akin to D. beet, G. bissen bit, morsel, Icel. biti. See Bite, v., and cf. Bit part of a bridle.]

1. A part of anything, such as may be bitten off or taken into the mouth; a morsel; a bite. Hence: A small piece of anything; a little; a mite.

2. Somewhat; something, but not very great. My young companion was a bit of a poet. T. Hook.

Note: This word is used, also, like jot and whit, to express the smallest degree; as, he is not a bit wiser.

3. A tool for boring, of various forms and sizes, usually turned by means of a brace or bitstock. See Bitstock.

4. The part of a key which enters the lock and acts upon the bolt and tumblers. Knight.

5. The cutting iron of a plane. Knight.

6. In the Southern and Southwestern States, a small silver coin (as the real) formerly current; commonly, one worth about 12 1/2 cents; also, the sum of 12 1/2 cents. Bit my bit, piecemeal. Pope.

BIT
Bit, 3d sing. pr.

Defn: of Bid, for biddeth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BITAKE
Bi*take", v. t. Etym: [See Betake, Betaught.]

Defn: To commend; to commit. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BITANGENT
Bi*tan"gent, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + tangent.] (Geom.)

Defn: Possessing the property of touching at two points.
— n.

Defn: A line that touches a curve in two points.

BITARTRATE
Bi*tar"trate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of tartaric acid in which the base replaces but half the acid hydrogen; an acid tartrate, as cream of tartar.

BITCH Bitch, n. Etym: [OE. biche, bicche, AS. bicce; cf. Icel. bikkja, G. betze, peize.]

1. The female of the canine kind, as of the dog, wolf, and fox.

2. An opprobrious name for a woman, especially a lewd woman. Pope.

BITE Bite, v. t. [imp. Bit; p. p. Bitten, Bit; p. pr. & vb. n. Biting.] Etym: [OE. biten, AS. bitan; akin to D. bijten, OS. bitan, OHG. bizan, G. beissen, Goth. beitan, Icel. bita, Sw. bita, Dan. bide, L. findere to cleave, Skr. bhid to cleave. sq. root87. Cf. Fissure.]

1. To seize with the teeth, so that they enter or nip the thing seized; to lacerate, crush, or wound with the teeth; as, to bite an apple; to bite a crust; the dog bit a man. Such smiling rogues as these, Like rats, oft bite the holy cords atwain. Shak.

2. To puncture, abrade, or sting with an organ (of some insects) used in taking food.

3. To cause sharp pain, or smarting, to; to hurt or injure, in a literal or a figurative sense; as, pepper bites the mouth. "Frosts do bite the meads." Shak.

4. To cheat; to trick; to take in. [Colloq.] Pope.

5. To take hold of; to hold fast; to adhere to; as, the anchor bites the ground. The last screw of the rack having been turned so often that its purchase crumbled, . . . it turned and turned with nothing to bite. Dickens. To bite the dust, To bite the ground, to fall in the agonies of death; as, he made his enemy bite the dust. — To bite in (Etching), to corrode or eat into metallic plates by means of an acid. — To bite the thumb at (any one), formerly a mark of contempt, designed to provoke a quarrel; to defy. "Do you bite your thumb at us " Shak. — To bite the tongue, to keep silence. Shak.

BITE
Bite, v. i.

1. To seize something forcibly with the teeth; to wound with the teeth; to have the habit of so doing; as, does the dog bite

2. To cause a smarting sensation; to have a property which causes such a sensation; to be pungent; as, it bites like pepper or mustard.

3. To cause sharp pain; to produce anguish; to hurt or injure; to have the property of so doing. At the last it [wine] biteth like serpent, and stingeth like an adder. Prov. xxiii. 32.

4. To take a bait into the mouth, as a fish does; hence, to take a tempting offer.

5. To take or keep a firm hold; as, the anchor bites.

BITE
Bite, n. Etym: [OE. bite, bit, bitt, AS. bite bite, fr. bitan to
bite, akin to Icel. bit, OS. biti, G. biss. See Bite, v., and cf.
Bit.]

1. The act of seizing with the teeth or mouth; the act of wounding or separating with the teeth or mouth; a seizure with the teeth or mouth, as of a bait; as, to give anything a hard bite. I have known a very good fisher angle diligently four or six hours for a river carp, and not have a bite. Walton.

2. The act of puncturing or abrading with an organ for taking food, as is done by some insects.

3. The wound made by biting; as, the pain of a dog's or snake's bite; the bite of a mosquito.

4. A morsel; as much as is taken at once by biting.

5. The hold which the short end of a lever has upon the thing to be lifted, or the hold which one part of a machine has upon another.

6. A cheat; a trick; a fraud. [Colloq.] The baser methods of getting money by fraud and bite, by deceiving and overreaching. Humorist.

7. A sharper; one who cheats. [Slang] Johnson.

8. (Print.)

Defn: A blank on the edge or corner of a page, owing to a portion of the frisket, or something else, intervening between the type and paper.

BITER
Bit"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, bites; that which bites often, or is inclined to bite, as a dog or fish. "Great barkers are no biters." Camden.

2. One who cheats; a sharper. [Colloq.] Spectator.

BITERNATE
Bi*ter"nate, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + ternate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Doubly ternate, as when a petiole has three ternate leaflets.
— Bi*ter"nate*ly, adv. Gray.

BITHEISM
Bi"the*ism, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + theism.]

Defn: Belief in the existence of two gods; dualism.

BITING
Bit"ing, a.

Defn: That bites; sharp; cutting; sarcastic; caustic. "A biting affliction." "A biting jest." Shak.

BITING IN
Bit"ing in". (Etching.)

Defn: The process of corroding or eating into metallic plates, by means of an acid. See Etch. G. Francis.

BITINGLY
Bit"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a biting manner.

BITLESS
Bit"less, a.

Defn: Not having a bit or bridle.

BITO; BITO TREE
Bi"to, n., Bi"to tree`. [Etym. uncertain.] (Bot.)

Defn: A small scrubby tree (Balanites Ægyptiaca) growing in dry regions of tropical Africa and Asia.

The hard yellowish white wood is made into plows in Abyssinia; the bark is used in Farther India to stupefy fish; the ripe fruit is edible, when green it is an anthelmintic; the fermented juice is used as a beverage; the seeds yield a medicinal oil called zachun. The African name of the tree is hajilij.

BITSTOCK
Bit"stock`, n.

Defn: A stock or handle for holding and rotating a bit; a brace.

BITT
Bitt, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Bitts.

BITT
Bitt, v. t. Etym: [See Bitts.] (Naut.)

Defn: To put round the bitts; as, to bitt the cable, in order to fasten it or to slacken it gradually, which is called veering away. Totten.

BITTACLE
Bit"ta*cle, n.

Defn: A binnacle. [Obs.]

BITTEN
Bit"ten, p. p.

Defn: of Bite.

BITTEN
Bit"ten, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Terminating abruptly, as if bitten off; premorse.

BITTER
Bit"ter, n. Etym: [See Bitts.] (Naut.)

Defn: AA turn of the cable which is round the bitts. Bitter end, that part of a cable which is abaft the bitts, and so within board, when the ship rides at anchor.

BITTER
Bit"ter, a. Etym: [AS. biter; akin to Goth. baitrs, Icel. bitr, Dan.,
Sw., D., & G. bitter, OS. bittar, fr. root of E. bite. See Bite, v.
t.]

1. Having a peculiar, acrid, biting taste, like that of wormwood or an infusion of hops; as, a bitter medicine; bitter as aloes.

2. Causing pain or smart; piercing; painful; sharp; severe; as, a bitter cold day.

3. Causing, or fitted to cause, pain or distress to the mind;
calamitous; poignant.
It is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the Lord thy
God. Jer. ii. 19.

4. Characterized by sharpness, severity, or cruelty; harsh; stern; virulent; as, bitter reproach. Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them. Col. iii. 19.

5. Mournful; sad; distressing; painful; pitiable. The Egyptians . . . made their lives bitter with hard bondage. Ex. i. 14. Bitter apple, Bitter cucumber, Bitter gourd. (Bot.) See Colocynth. — Bitter cress (Bot.), a plant of the genus Cardamine, esp. C. amara. — Bitter earth (Min.), tale earth; calcined magnesia. — Bitter principles (Chem.), a class of substances, extracted from vegetable products, having strong bitter taste but with no sharply defined chemical characteristics. — Bitter salt, Epsom salts;; magnesium sulphate. — Bitter vetch (Bot.), a name given to two European leguminous herbs, Vicia Orobus and Ervum Ervilia. — To the bitter end, to the last extremity, however calamitous.

Syn. — Acrid; sharp; harsh; pungent; stinging; cutting; severe; acrimonious.

BITTER
Bit"ter, n.

Defn: Any substance that is bitter. See Bitters.

BITTER
Bit"ter, v. t.

Defn: To make bitter. Wolcott.

BITTERBUMP
Bit"ter*bump`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: the butterbump or bittern.

BITTERFUL
Bit"ter*ful, a.

Defn: Full of bitterness. [Obs.]

BITTERING
Bit"ter*ing, n.

Defn: A bitter compound used in adulterating beer; bittern.

BITTERISH
Bit"ter*ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat bitter. Goldsmith.

BITTERLING
Bit"ter*ling, n. Etym: [G.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A roachlike European fish (Rhodima amarus).

BITTERLY
Bit"ter*ly, adv.

Defn: In a bitter manner.

BITTERN Bit"tern, n. Etym: [OE. bitoure, betore, bitter, fr. F. butor; of unknown origin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A wading bird of the genus Botaurus, allied to the herons, of various species.

Note: The common European bittern is Botaurus stellaris. It makes, during the brooding season, a noise called by Dryden bumping, and by Goldsmith booming. The American bittern is B. lentiginosus, and is also called stake-driver and meadow hen. See Stake-driver.

Note: The name is applied to other related birds, as the least bittern (Ardetta exilis), and the sun bittern.

BITTERN
Bit"tern, n. Etym: [From Bitter, a.]

1. The brine which remains in salt works after the salt is concreted, having a bitter taste from the chloride of magnesium which it contains.

2. A very bitter compound of quassia, cocculus Indicus, etc., used by fraudulent brewers in adulterating beer. Cooley.

BITTERNESS
Bit"ter*ness, n. Etym: [AS. biternys; biter better + -nys = -ness.]

1. The quality or state of being bitter, sharp, or acrid, in either a literal or figurative sense; implacableness; resentfulness; severity; keenness of reproach or sarcasm; deep distress, grief, or vexation of mind. The lip that curls with bitterness. Percival. I will complain in the bitterness of my soul. Job vii. 11.

2. A state of extreme impiety or enmity to God. Thou art in the gall of bitterness, and in the bond of iniquity. Acts viii. 23.

3. Dangerous error, or schism, tending to draw persons to apostasy. Looking diligently, . . . lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you. Heb. xii. 15.

BITTERNUT
Bit"ter*nut", n. (Bot.)

Defn: The swamp hickory (Carya amara). Its thin-shelled nuts are bitter.

BITTERROOT
Bit"ter*root`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant (Lewisia rediviva) allied to the purslane, but with fleshy, farinaceous roots, growing in the mountains of Idaho, Montana, etc. It gives the name to the Bitter Root mountains and river. The Indians call both the plant and the river Spæt'lum.

BITTERS
Bit"ters, n. pl.

Defn: A liquor, generally spirituous in which a bitter herb, leaf, or root is steeped.

BITTER SPAR
Bit"ter spar".

Defn: A common name of dolomite; — so called because it contains magnesia, the soluble salts of which are bitter. See Dolomite.

BITTERSWEET
Bit"ter*sweet`, a.

Defn: Sweet and then bitter or bitter and then sweet; esp. sweet with a bitter after taste; hence (Fig.), pleasant but painful.

BITTERSWEET
Bit"ter*sweet`, n.

1. Anything which is bittersweet.

2. A kind of apple so called. Gower.

3. (Bot.) (a) A climbing shrub, with oval coral-red berries (Solanum dulcamara); woody nightshade. The whole plant is poisonous, and has a taste at first sweetish and then bitter. The branches are the officinal dulcamara. (b) An American woody climber (Celastrus scandens), whose yellow capsules open late in autumn, and disclose the red aril which covers the seeds; — also called Roxbury waxwork.

BITTERWEED
Bit"ter*weed`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A species of Ambrosia (A. artemisiæfolia); Roman worm wood.
Gray.

BITTERWOOD
Bit"ter*wood`, n.

Defn: A West Indian tree (Picræna excelsa) from the wood of which the bitter drug Jamaica quassia is obtained.

BITTERWORT
Bit"ter*wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea), which has a very bitter taste.

BITTOCK
Bit"tock, n. Etym: [See Bit a morsel.]

Defn: A small bit of anything, of indefinite size or quantity; a short distance. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

BITTOR; BITTOUR
Bit"tor Bit"tour, n. Etym: [See Bittern] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The bittern. Dryden.

BITTS
Bitts, n. pl. Etym: [Cf. F. bitte, Icel. biti, a beam. (Naut.)

Defn: A frame of two strong timbers fixed perpendicularly in the fore part of a ship, on which to fasten the cables as the ship rides at anchor, or in warping. Other bitts are used for belaying (belaying bitts), for sustaining the windlass (carrick bitts, winch bitts, or windlass bitts), to hold the pawls of the windlass (pawl bitts) etc.

BITUME
Bi*tume", n. Etym: [F. See Bitumen.]

Defn: Bitumen. [Poetic] May.

BITUMED
Bi*tumed", a.

Defn: Smeared with bitumen. [R.] "The hatches caulked and bitumed."
Shak.

BITUMEN
Bi*tu"men, n. Etym: [L. bitumen: cf. F. bitume. Cf. Béton.]

1. Mineral pitch; a black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame; Jew's pitch. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, etc. See Asphalt.

2. By extension, any one of the natural hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt, the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petroleums, and even the light, volatile naphthas.

BITUMEN PROCESS
Bi*tu"men proc"ess. (Photog.)

Defn: Any process in which advantage is taken of the fact that prepared bitumen is rendered insoluble by exposure to light, as in photolithography.

BITUMINATE
Bi*tu"mi*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bituminated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Bituminating.] Etym: [L. bituminatus, p. p. of bituminare to
bituminate. See Bitumen.]

Defn: To treat or impregnate with bitumen; to cement with bitumen.
"Bituminated walls of Babylon." Feltham.

BITUMINIFEROUS
Bi*tu`mi*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Bitumen + -ferous.]

Defn: Producing bitumen. Kirwan.

BITUMINIZATION
Bi*tu`mi*ni*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. bituminisation.]

Defn: The process of bituminizing. Mantell.

BITUMINIZE
Bi*tu"mi*nize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bituminized (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Bituminizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. bituminiser.]

Defn: To prepare, treat, impregnate, or coat with bitumen.

BITUMINOUS
Bi*tu"mi*nous, a. Etym: [L. bituminosus: cf. F. bitumineux.]

Defn: Having the qualities of bitumen; compounded with bitumen; containing bitumen. Near that bituminous lake where Sodom flamed. Milton. Bituminous coal, a kind of coal which yields, when heated, a considerable amount of volatile bituminous matter. It burns with a yellow smoky flame. — Bituminous limestone, a mineral of a brown or black color, emitting an unpleasant smell when rubbed. That of Dalmatia is so charged with bitumen that it may be cut like soap. — Bituminous shale, an argillaceous shale impregnated with bitumen, often accompanying coal.

BIURET
Bi"u*ret, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + urea.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, C2O2N3H5, formed by heating urea. It is intermediate between urea and cyanuric acid.

BIVALENCY
Biv"a*len*cy, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The quality of being bivalent.

BIVALENT
Biv"a*lent, a. Etym: [L. bis twice + valens, p. pr. See Valence.]
(Chem.)

Defn: Equivalent in combining or displacing power to two atoms of hydrogen; dyad.

BIVALVE
Bi"valve, n. Etym: [F. bivalve; bi- (L. bis) + valve valve.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A mollusk having a shell consisting of two lateral plates or valves joined together by an elastic ligament at the hinge, which is usually strengthened by prominences called teeth. The shell is closed by the contraction of two transverse muscles attached to the inner surface, as in the clam, — or by one, as in the oyster. See Mollusca.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A pericarp in which the seed case opens or splits into two parts or valves.

BIVALVE
Bi"valve, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + valve.] (Zoöl. & Bot.)

Defn: Having two shells or valves which open and shut, as the oyster and certain seed vessels.

BIVALVED
Bi"valved, a.

Defn: Having two valves, as the oyster and some seed pods; bivalve.

BIVALVOUS
Bi*val"vous, a.

Defn: Bivalvular.

BIVALVULAR
Bi*val"vu*lar, a.

Defn: Having two valves.

BIVAULTED
Bi*vault"ed, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + vault.]

Defn: Having two vaults or arches.

BIVECTOR
Bi*vec"tor, n. Etym: [Pref. bi- + vector.] (Math.)

Defn: A term made up of the two parts

BIVENTRAL
Bi*ven"tral, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + ventral.]

Defn: (Anat.) Having two bellies or protuberances; as, a biventral, or digastric, muscle, or the biventral lobe of the cerebellum.

BIVIAL
Biv"i*al, a.

Defn: Of or relating to the bivium.

BIVIOUS
Biv"i*ous, a. Etym: [L. bivius; bis twice + via way.]

Defn: Having, or leading, two ways.
Bivious theorems and Janus-faced doctrines. Sir T. Browne.

BIVIUM
Biv"i*um, n. Etym: [L., a place with two ways. See Bivious.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One side of an echinoderm, including a pair of ambulacra, in distinction from the opposite side (trivium), which includes three ambulacra.

BIVOUAC Biv"ouac, n. Etym: [F. bivouac, bivac, prab. fr. G. beiwache, or beiwacht; bei by, near + wachen to watch, wache watch, guard. See By, and Watch.] (Mil.) (a) The watch of a whole army by night, when in danger of surprise or attack. (b) An encampment for the night without tents or covering.

BIVOUAC Biv"ouac, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bivouacked (p. pr. & vb. n. Bivouacking.] (Mil.) (a) To watch at night or be on guard, as a whole army. (b) To encamp for the night without tents or covering.

BIWEEKLY
Bi"week`ly, a. Etym: [Pref. bi- + weekly.]

Defn: Occurring or appearing once every two weeks; fortnightly.
— n.

Defn: A publication issued every two weeks.
— Bi"week"ly, adv.

BIWREYE
Bi*wreye", v. t.

Defn: To bewray; to reveal. [Obs.]

BIZANTINE
Biz"an*tine.

Defn: See Byzantine.

BIZARRE Bi*zarre", a. Etym: [F. bizarre odd, fr. Sp. bizarro gallant, brave, liberal, prob. of Basque origin; cf. Basque bizarra beard, whence the meaning manly, brave.]

Defn: Odd in manner or appearance; fantastic; whimsical; extravagant; grotesque. C. Kingsley.

BIZET
Bi*zet", n. Etym: [Cf. Bezel.]

Defn: The upper faceted portion of a brilliant-cut diamond, which projects from the setting and occupies the zone between the girdle and the table. See Brilliant, n.

BLAB
Blab, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blabbed (p. pr. & vb. n. Blabbing.] Etym:
[Cf. OE. blaberen, or Dan. blabbre, G. plappern, Gael. blabaran a
stammerer; prob. of imitative origin. Cf. also Blubber, v.]

Defn: To utter or tell unnecessarily, or in a thoughtless manner; to
publish (secrets or trifles) without reserve or discretion. Udall.
And yonder a vile physician blabbing The case of his patient.
Tennyson.

BLAB
Blab, v. i.

Defn: To talk thoughtlessly or without discretion; to tattle; to tell
tales.
She must burst or blab. Dryden.

BLAB
Blab, n. Etym: [OE. blabbe.]

Defn: One who blabs; a babbler; a telltale. "Avoided as a blab."
Milton.
For who will open himself to a blab or a babbler. Bacon.

BLABBER
Blab"ber, n.

Defn: A tattler; a telltale.

BLACK Black, a. Etym: [OE. blak, AS. blæc; akin to Icel. blakkr dark, swarthy, Sw. bläck ink, Dan. blæk, OHG. blach, LG. & D. blaken to burn with a black smoke. Not akin to AS. blac, E. bleak pallid.

1. Destitute of light, or incapable of reflecting it; of the color of soot or coal; of the darkest or a very dark color, the opposite of white; characterized by such a color; as, black cloth; black hair or eyes. O night, with hue so black! Shak.

2. In a less literal sense: Enveloped or shrouded in darkness; very dark or gloomy; as, a black night; the heavens black with clouds. I spy a black, suspicious, threatening cloud. Shak.

3. Fig.: Dismal, gloomy, or forbidding, like darkness; destitute of moral light or goodness; atrociously wicked; cruel; mournful; calamitous; horrible. "This day's black fate." "Black villainy." "Arise, black vengeance." "Black day." "Black despair." Shak.

4. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen; foreboding; as, to regard one with black looks.

Note: Black is often used in self-explaining compound words; as, black-eyed, black-faced, black-haired, black-visaged. Black act, the English statute 9 George I, which makes it a felony to appear armed in any park or warren, etc., or to hunt or steal deer, etc., with the face blackened or disguised. Subsequent acts inflicting heavy penalties for malicious injuries to cattle and machinery have been called black acts. — Black angel (Zoöl.), a fish of the West Indies and Florida (Holacanthus tricolor), with the head and tail yellow, and the middle of the body black. — Black antimony (Chem.), the black sulphide of antimony, Sb2S3, used in pyrotechnics, etc. — Black bear (Zoöl.), the common American bear (Ursus Americanus). — Black beast. See Bête noire. — Black beetle (Zoöl.), the common large cockroach (Blatta orientalis). — Black and blue, the dark color of a bruise in the flesh, which is accompanied with a mixture of blue. "To pinch the slatterns black and blue." Hudibras. — Black bonnet (Zoöl.), the black-headed bunting (Embriza Schoeniclus) of Europe. — Black canker, a disease in turnips and other crops, produced by a species of caterpillar. — Black cat (Zoöl.), the fisher, a quadruped of North America allied to the sable, but larger. See Fisher. — Black cattle, any bovine cattle reared for slaughter, in distinction from dairy cattle. [Eng.] — Black cherry. See under Cherry. — Black cockatoo (Zoöl.), the palm cockatoo. See Cockatoo. — Black copper. Same as Melaconite. — Black currant. (Bot.) See Currant. — Black diamond. (Min.) See Carbonado. — Black draught (Med.), a cathartic medicine, composed of senna and magnesia. — Black drop (Med.), vinegar of opium; a narcotic preparation consisting essentially of a solution of opium in vinegar. — Black earth, mold; earth of a dark color. Woodward. — Black flag, the flag of a pirate, often bearing in white a skull and crossbones; a signal of defiance. — Black flea (Zoöl.), a flea beetle (Haltica nemorum) injurious to turnips. — Black flux, a mixture of carbonate of potash and charcoal, obtained by deflagrating tartar with half its weight of niter. Brande & C. — Black fly. (Zoöl.) (a) In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus Simulium of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests. The larvæ are aquatic. (b) A black plant louse, as the bean aphis (A. fabæ). — Black Forest Etym: [a translation of G. Schwarzwald], a forest in Baden and Würtemburg, in Germany; a part of the ancient Hercynian forest. — Black game, or Black grouse. (Zoöl.) See Blackcock, Grouse, and Heath grouse. — Black grass (Bot.), a grasslike rush of the species Juncus Gerardi, growing on salt marshes, and making good hay. — Black gum (Bot.), an American tree, the tupelo or pepperidge. See Tupelo. — Black Hamburg (grape) (Bot.), a sweet and juicy variety of dark purple or "black" grape. — Black horse (Zoöl.), a fish of the Mississippi valley (Cycleptus elongatus), of the sucker family; the Missouri sucker. — Black lemur (Zoöl.), the Lemurniger of Madagascar; the acoumbo of the natives. — Black list, a list of persons who are for some reason thought deserving of censure or punishment; — esp. a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, made for the protection of tradesmen or employers. See Blacklist, v. t. — Black manganese (Chem.), the black oxide of manganese, MnO2. — Black Maria, the close wagon in which prisoners are carried to or from jail. — Black martin (Zoöl.), the chimney swift. See Swift. — Black moss (Bot.), the common so-called long moss of the southern United States. See Tillandsia. — Black oak. See under Oak. — Black ocher. See Wad. — Black pigment, a very fine, light carbonaceous substance, or lampblack, prepared chiefly for the manufacture of printers' ink. It is obtained by burning common coal tar. — Black plate, sheet iron before it is tinned. Knight. — Black quarter, malignant anthrax with engorgement of a shoulder or quarter, etc., as of an ox. — Black rat (Zoöl.), one of the species of rats (Mus rattus), commonly infesting houses. — Black rent. See Blackmail, n., 3. — Black rust, a disease of wheat, in which a black, moist matter is deposited in the fissures of the grain. — Black sheep, one in a family or company who is unlike the rest, and makes trouble. — Black silver. (Min.) See under Silver. — Black and tan, black mixed or spotted with tan color or reddish brown; — used in describing certain breeds of dogs. — Black tea. See under Tea. — Black tin (Mining), tin ore (cassiterite), when dressed, stamped and washed, ready for smelting. It is in the form of a black powder, like fine sand. Knight. — Black walnut. See under Walnut. — Black warrior (Zoöl.), an American hawk (Buteo Harlani).

Syn.
— Dark; murky; pitchy; inky; somber; dusky; gloomy; swart;
Cimmerian; ebon; atrocious.

BLACK
Black, adv.

Defn: Sullenly; threateningly; maliciously; so as to produce blackness.

BLACK
Black, n.

1. That which is destitute of light or whiteness; the darkest color, or rather a destitution of all color; as, a cloth has a good black. Black is the badge of hell, The hue of dungeons, and the suit of night. Shak.

2. A black pigment or dye.

3. A negro; a person whose skin is of a black color, or shaded with black; esp. a member or descendant of certain African races.

4. A black garment or dress; as, she wears black; pl. (Obs.)

Defn: Mourning garments of a black color; funereal drapery.
Friends weeping, and blacks, and obsequies, and the like show death
terrible. Bacon.
That was the full time they used to wear blacks for the death of
their fathers. Sir T. North.

5. The part of a thing which is distinguished from the rest by being black. The black or sight of the eye. Sir K. Digby.

6. A stain; a spot; a smooch. Defiling her white lawn of chastity with ugly blacks of lust. Rowley. Black and white, writing or print; as, I must have that statement in black and white. — Blue black, a pigment of a blue black color. — Ivory black, a fine kind of animal charcoal prepared by calcining ivory or bones. When ground it is the chief ingredient of the ink used in copperplate printing. — Berlin black. See under Berlin.

BLACK
Black, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blacked ; p. pr. & vb. n. Blacking.] Etym:
[See Black, a., and cf. Blacken.]

1. To make black; to blacken; to soil; to sully. They have their teeth blacked, both men and women, for they say a dog hath his teeth white, therefore they will black theirs. Hakluyt. Sins which black thy soul. J. Fletcher.

2. To make black and shining, as boots or a stove, by applying blacking and then polishing with a brush.

BLACKAMOOR
Black"a*moor, n. Etym: [Black + Moor.]

Defn: A negro or negress. Shak.

BLACK ART
Black" art`.

Defn: The art practiced by conjurers and witches; necromancy; conjuration; magic.

Note: This name was given in the Middle Ages to necromancy, under the idea that the latter term was derived from niger black, instead of nekro`s, a dead person, and mantei`a, divination. Wright.

BLACK-A-VISED
Black"-a-vised`, a.

Defn: Dark-visaged; swart.

BLACKBALL
Black"ball`, n.

1. A composition for blacking shoes, boots, etc.; also, one for taking impressions of engraved work.

2. A ball of black color, esp. one used as a negative in voting; — in this sense usually two words.

BLACKBALL
Black"ball`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blackballed (; p. pr. & vb. n.
Blackballing.]

1. To vote against, by putting a black ball into a ballot box; to reject or exclude, as by voting against with black balls; to ostracize. He was blackballed at two clubs in succession. Thackeray.

2. To blacken (leather, shoes, etc.) with blacking.

BLACKBAND
Black"band`, n. (Min.)

Defn: An earthy carbonate of iron containing considerable carbonaceous matter; — valuable as an iron ore.

BLACK BASS
Black" bass`. (Zoöl.)

1. An edible, fresh-water fish of the United States, of the genus Micropterus. the small-mouthed kind is M. dolomiei; the largemouthed is M. salmoides.

2. The sea bass. See Blackfish, 3.

BLACKBERRY Black"ber*ry, n. Etym: [OE. blakberye, AS. blæcerie; blæc black + berie berry.]

Defn: The fruit of several species of bramble (Rubus); also, the plant itself. Rubus fruticosus is the blackberry of England; R. villosus and R. Canadensis are the high blackberry and low blackberry of the United States. There are also other kinds.

BLACKBIRD
Black"bird, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: In England, a species of thrush (Turdus merula), a singing bird with a fin note; the merle. In America the name is given to several birds, as the Quiscalus versicolor, or crow blackbird; the Agelæus phoeniceus, or red-winged blackbird; the cowbird; the rusty grackle, etc. See Redwing.

BLACKBIRDER
Black"bird*er, n.

Defn: A slave ship; a slaver. [Colloq.] F. T. Bullen.

BLACKBIRDING
Black"bird*ing, n.

1. The kidnaping of negroes or Polynesians to be sold as slaves.

2. The act or practice of collecting natives of the islands near Queensland for service on the Queensland sugar plantations. [Australia]

BLACKBOARD
Black"board`, n.

Defn: A broad board painted black, or any black surface on which writing, drawing, or the working of mathematical problems can be done with chalk or crayons. It is much used in schools.

BLACK BOOK
Black" book`.

1. One of several books of a political character, published at different times and for different purposes; — so called either from the color of the binding, or from the character of the contents.

2. A book compiled in the twelfth century, containing a description of the court of exchequer of England, an official statement of the revenues of the crown, etc.

3. A book containing details of the enormities practiced in the English monasteries and religious houses, compiled by order of their visitors under Henry VIII., to hasten their dissolution.

4. A book of admiralty law, of the highest authority, compiled in the reign of Edw. III. Bouvier. Wharton.

5. A book kept for the purpose of registering the names of persons liable to censure or punishment, as in the English universities, or the English armies.

6. Any book which treats of necromancy.

BLACK-BROWED
Black"-browed`, a.

Defn: Having black eyebrows. Hence: Gloomy; dismal; threatening; forbidding. Shak. Dryden.

BLACKBURNIAN WARBLER
Black*bur"ni*an war"bler. Etym: [Named from Mrs. Blackburn, an
English lady.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A beautiful warbler of the United States (Dendroica Blackburniæ). The male is strongly marked with orange, yellow, and black on the head and neck, and has an orange-yellow breast.

BLACKCAP
Black"cap`, n.

1. (Zoöl.) (a) A small European song bird (Sylvia atricapilla), with a black crown; the mock nightingale. (b) An American titmouse (Parus atricapillus); the chickadee.

2. (Cookery)

Defn: An apple roasted till black, to be served in a dish of boiled custard.

3. The black raspberry.

BLACKCOAT
Black"coat`, n.

Defn: A clergyman; — familiarly so called, as a soldier is sometimes called a redcoat or a bluecoat.

BLACKCOCK
Black"cock`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The male of the European black grouse (Tetrao tetrix, Linn.); - - so called by sportsmen. The female is called gray hen. See Heath grouse.

BLACK DEATH
Black" death`.

Defn: A pestilence which ravaged Europe and Asia in the fourteenth century.

BLACKEN
Black"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blackened; p. pr. & vb. n. Blackening.]
Etym: [See Black, a., and cf. Black, v. t. ]

1. To make or render black. While the long funerals blacken all the way. Pope

2. To make dark; to darken; to cloud. "Blackened the whole heavens." South.

3. To defame; to sully, as reputation; to make infamous; as, vice blackens the character.

Syn. — To denigrate; defame; vilify; slander; calumniate; traduce; malign; asperse.

BLACKEN
Black"en, v. i.

Defn: To grow black or dark.

BLACKENER
Black"en*er, n.

Defn: One who blackens.

BLACK-EYED
Black"-eyed`, a.

Defn: Having black eyes. Dryden.

BLACK-EYED SUSAN
Black"-eyed` Su"san. (Bot.)
(a) The coneflower, or yellow daisy (Rudbeckia hirta).
(b) The bladder ketmie.

BLACK-FACED
Black"-faced`, a.

Defn: Having a black, dark, or gloomy face or aspect.

BLACKFEET
Black"feet`, n. pl. (Ethn.)

Defn: A tribe of North American Indians formerly inhabiting the country from the upper Missouri River to the Saskatchewan, but now much reduced in numbers.

BLACKFIN
Black"fin`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Bluefin.

BLACKFISH
Black"fish, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small kind of whale, of the genus Globicephalus, of several species. The most common is G. melas. Also sometimes applied to other whales of larger size.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The tautog of New England (Tautoga).

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The black sea bass (Centropristis atrarius) of the Atlantic coast. It is excellent food fish; — locally called also black Harry.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish of southern Europe (Centrolophus pompilus) of the
Mackerel family.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The female salmon in the spawning season.

Note: The name is locally applied to other fishes.

BLACK FLAGS
Black Flags.

Defn: An organization composed originally of Chinese rebels that had been driven into Tonkin by the suppression of the Taiping rebellion, but later increased by bands of pirates and adventurers. It took a prominent part in fighting the French during their hostilities with Anam, 1873-85.

BLACKFOOT
Black"foot`, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Blackfeet; as, a Blackfoot Indian.
— n.

Defn: A Blackfoot Indian.

BLACK FRIAR
Black" fri`ar. (Eccl.)

Defn: A friar of the Dominican order; — called also predicant and preaching friar; in France, Jacobin. Also, sometimes, a Benedictine.

BLACK FRIDAY
Black Friday.

Defn: Any Friday on which a public disaster has occurred, as: In England, December 6, 1745, when the news of the landing of the Pretender reached London, or May 11, 1866, when a financial panic commenced. In the United States, September 24, 1869, and September 18, 1873, on which financial panics began.

BLACKGUARD
Black"guard, n. Etym: [Black + guard.]

1. The scullions and lower menials of a court, or of a nobleman's household, who, in a removal from one residence to another, had charge of the kitchen utensils, and being smutted by them, were jocularly called the "black guard"; also, the servants and hangers-on of an army. [Obs.] A lousy slave, that . . . rode with the black guard in the duke's carriage, 'mongst spits and dripping pans. Webster (1612).

2. The criminals and vagrants or vagabonds of a town or community, collectively. [Obs.]

3. A person of stained or low character, esp. one who uses scurrilous language, or treats others with foul abuse; a scoundrel; a rough. A man whose manners and sentiments are decidedly below those of his class deserves to be called a blackguard. Macaulay.

4. A vagrant; a bootblack; a gamin. [Obs.]

BLACKGUARD
Black"guard`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blackguarded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Blackguarding.]

Defn: To revile or abuse in scurrilous language. Southey.

BLACKGUARD
Black"guard, a.

Defn: Scurrilous; abusive; low; worthless; vicious; as, blackguard language.

BLACKGUARDISM
Black"guard*ism, n.

Defn: The conduct or language of a blackguard; rufflanism.

BLACKGUARDLY
Black"guard*ly, adv. & a.

Defn: In the manner of or resembling a blackguard; abusive; scurrilous; ruffianly.

BLACK HAMBURG
Black Ham"burg.

Defn: A sweet and juicy variety of European grape, of a dark purplish black color, much grown under glass in northern latitudes.

BLACK HAND
Black Hand. [A trans. of Sp. mano negra.]

1.

Defn: A Spanish anarchistic society, many of the members of which were imprisoned in 1883.

2. A lawless or blackmailing secret society, esp. among Italians. [U. S.]

BLACKHEAD
Black"head`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The scaup duck.

BLACKHEART
Black"heart`, n.

Defn: A heart-shaped cherry with a very dark-colored skin.

BLACK-HEARTED
Black"-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Having a wicked, malignant disposition; morally bad.

BLACK HOLE
Black" hole`.

Defn: A dungeon or dark cell in a prison; a military lock-up or guardroom; — now commonly with allusion to the cell (the Black Hole) in a fort at Calcutta, into which 146 English prisoners were thrust by the nabob Suraja Dowla on the night of June 20, 17656, and in which 123 of the prisoners died before morning from lack of air. A discipline of unlimited autocracy, upheld by rods, and ferules, and the black hole. H. Spencer.

BLACKING
Black"ing, n.

1. Any preparation for making things black; esp. one for giving a black luster to boots and shoes, or to stoves.

2. The act or process of making black.

BLACKISH
Black"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat black.

BLACK-JACK
Black"-jack`, n.

1. (Min.)

Defn: A name given by English miners to sphalerite, or zinc blende; - - called also false galena. See Blende.

2. Caramel or burnt sugar, used to color wines, spirits, ground coffee, etc.

3. A large leather vessel for beer, etc. [Obs.]

4. (Bot.)

Defn: The Quercus nigra, or barren oak.

5. The ensign of a pirate.

BLACK LEAD
Black` lead".

Defn: Plumbago; graphite.It leaves a blackish mark somewhat like lead. See Graphite.

BLACKLEAD
Black`lead", v. t.

Defn: To coat or to polish with black lead.

BLACKLEG
Black"leg`, n.

1. A notorious gambler. [Colloq.]

2. A disease among calves and sheep, characterized by a settling of gelatinous matter in the legs, and sometimes in the neck. [Eng.]

BLACK LETTER
Black" let`ter.

Defn: The old English or Gothic letter, in which the Early English manuscripts were written, and the first English books were printed. It was conspicuous for its blackness. See Type.

BLACK-LETTER
Black"-let`ter, a.

1. Written or printed in black letter; as, a black-letter manuscript or book.

2. Given to the study of books in black letter; that is, of old books; out of date. Kemble, a black-letter man! J. Boaden.

3. Of or pertaining to the days in the calendar not marked with red letters as saints' days. Hence: Unlucky; inauspicious.

BLACKLIST
Black"list`, v. t.

Defn: To put in a black list as deserving of suspicion, censure, or punishment; esp. to put in a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, — as tradesmen and employers do for mutual protection; as, to blacklist a workman who has been discharged. See Black list, under Black, a. If you blacklist us, we will boycott you. John Swinton.

BLACKLY
Black"ly, adv.

Defn: In a black manner; darkly, in color; gloomily; threateningly; atrociously. "Deeds so blackly grim and horrid." Feltham.

BLACKMAIL
Black"mail`, n. Etym: [Black + mail a piece of money.]

1. A certain rate of money, corn, cattle, or other thing, anciently paid, in the north of England and south of Scotland, to certain men who were allied to robbers, or moss troopers, to be by them protected from pillage. Sir W. Scott.

2. Payment of money exacted by means of intimidation; also, extortion of money from a person by threats of public accusation, exposure, or censure.

3. (Eng. Law)

Defn: Black rent, or rent paid in corn, flesh, or the lowest coin, a opposed to "white rent", which paid in silver. To levy blackmail, to extort money by threats, as of injury to one's reputation.

BLACKMAIL
Black"mail`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blackmailed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Blackmailing.]

Defn: To extort money from by exciting fears of injury other than bodily harm, as injury to reputation, distress of mind, etc.; as, to blackmail a merchant by threatening to expose an alleged fraud. [U. S.]

BLACKMAILER
Black"mail`er, n.

Defn: One who extorts, or endeavors to extort, money, by black mailing.

BLACKMAILING
Black"mail`ing, n.

Defn: The act or practice of extorting money by exciting fears of injury other than bodily harm, as injury to reputation.

BLACK MONDAY
Black" Mon`day.

1. Easter Monday, so called from the severity of that day in 1360, which was so unusual that many of Edward III.'s soldiers, then before Paris, died from the cold. Stow. Then it was not for nothing that may nose fell a bleeding on Black Monday last. Shak.

2. The first Monday after the holidays; — so called by English schoolboys. Halliwell.

BLACK MONK
Black" monk`.

Defn: A Benedictine monk.

BLACKMOOR
Black"moor, n.

Defn: See Blackamoor.

BLACK-MOUTHED
Black"-mouthed`, a.

Defn: Using foul or scurrilous language; slanderous.

BLACKNESS
Black"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being black; black color; atrociousness or enormity in wickedness. They're darker now than blackness. Donne.

BLACKPOLL
Black"poll`, n. Etym: [Black + poll head.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A warbler of the United States (Dendroica striata).

BLACK PUDDING
Black" pud"ding.

Defn: A kind of sausage made of blood, suet, etc., thickened with
meal.
And fat black puddings, — proper food, For warriors that delight in
blood. Hudibras.

BLACK ROD Black" Rod`. (a) the usher to the Chapter of the Garter, so called from the black rod which he carries. He is of the king's chamber, and also usher to the House of Lords. [Eng.] (b) An usher in the legislature of British colonies. Cowell. Committed to the custody of the Black Rod. Macaulay.

BLACKROOT
Black"root`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Colicroot.

BLACKS
Blacks, n. pl.

1. The name of a kind of in used in copperplate printing, prepared from the charred husks of the grape, and residue of the wine press.

2. Soot flying in the air. [Eng.]

3. Black garments, etc. See Black, n., 4.

BLACKSALTER
Black"salt`er, n.

Defn: One who,makes crude potash, or black salts.

BLACK SALTS
Black" salts`.

Defn: Crude potash. De Colange.

BLACKSMITH Black"smith`, n. Etym: [Black (in allusion to the color of the metal) + smith. Cf. Whitesmith.]

1. A smith who works in iron with a forge, and makes iron utensils, horseshoes, etc. The blacksmith may forge what he pleases. Howell.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish of the Pacific coast (Chromis, or Heliastes, punctipinnis), of a blackish color.

BLACK SNAKE; BLACKSNAKE
Black" snake` or Black"snake, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A snake of a black color, of which two species are common in the United States, the Bascanium constrictor, or racer, sometimes six feet long, and the Scotophis Alleghaniensis, seven or eight feet long.

Note: The name is also applied to various other black serpents, as
Natrix atra of Jamaica.

BLACK SPANISH
Black Spanish.

Defn: One of an old and well-known Mediterranean breed of domestic fowls with glossy black plumage, blue legs and feet, bright red comb and wattles, and white face. They are remarkable as egg layers.

BLACKSTRAP
Black"strap`, n.

1. A mixture of spirituous liquor (usually rum) and molasses. No blackstrap to-night; switchel, or ginger pop. Judd.

2. Bad port wine; any commo wine of the Mediterranean; — so called by sailors.

BLACKTAIL
Black"tail`, n. Etym: [Black + tail.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish; the ruff or pope.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The black-tailed deer (Cervus or Cariacus Columbianus) of
California and Oregon; also, the mule deer of the Rocky Mountains.
See Mule deer.

BLACKTHORN Black"thorn`, n. (Bot.) (a) A spreading thorny shrub or small tree (Prunus spinosa), with blackish bark, and bearing little black plums, which are called sloes; the sloe. (b) A species of Cratægus or hawthorn (C. tomentosa). Both are used for hedges.

BLACK VOMIT
Black" vom"it. (Med.)

Defn: A copious vomiting of dark-colored matter; or the substance so discharged; — one of the most fatal symptoms in yellow fever.

BLACK WASH; BLACKWASH
Black" wash` or Black"wash, n.

1. (Med.)

Defn: A lotion made by mixing calomel and lime water.

2. A wash that blackens, as opposed to whitewash; hence, figuratively, calumny. To remove as far as he can the modern layers of black wash, and let the man himself, fair or foul, be seen. C. Kingsley.

BLACKWATER STATE
Black"wa`ter State.

Defn: Nebraska; — a nickname alluding to the dark color of the water of its rivers, due to the presence of a black vegetable mold in the soil.

BLACKWOOD
Black"wood, n.

Defn: A name given to several dark-colored timbers. The East Indian black wood is from the tree Dalbergia latifolia. Balfour.

BLACKWORK
Black"work`, n.

Defn: Work wrought by blacksmiths; — so called in distinction from that wrought by whitesmiths. Knight.

BLADDER Blad"der, n. Etym: [OE. bladder, bleddre, AS. bl, bl; akin to Icel. bla, SW. bläddra, Dan. blære, D. blaar, OHG. blatara the bladder in the body of animals, G. blatter blister, bustule; all fr. the same root as AS. blawan, E. blow, to puff. See Blow to puff.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A bag or sac in animals, which serves as the receptacle of some fluid; as, the urinary bladder; the gall bladder; — applied especially to the urinary bladder, either within the animal, or when taken out and inflated with air.

2. Any vesicle or blister, especially if filled with air, or a thin, watery fluid.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: A distended, membranaceous pericarp.

4. Anything inflated, empty, or unsound. "To swim with bladders of philosophy." Rochester. Bladder nut, or Bladder tree (Bot.), a genus of plants (Staphylea) with bladderlike seed pods. — Bladder pod (Bot.), a genus of low herbs (Vesicaria) with inflated seed pods. — Bladdor senna (Bot.), a genus of shrubs (Colutea), with membranaceous, inflated pods. — Bladder worm (Zoöl.), the larva of any species of tapeworm (Tænia), found in the flesh or other parts of animals. See Measle, Cysticercus. — Bladder wrack (Bot.), the common black rock weed of the seacoast (Fucus nodosus and F. vesiculosus) — called also bladder tangle. See Wrack.

BLADDER
Blad"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bladdered; p. pr. & vb. n. Bladdering.]

1. To swell out like a bladder with air; to inflate. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

2. To put up in bladders; as, bladdered lard.

BLADDERWORT
Blad"der*wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus (Utricularia) of aquatic or marshy plants, which usually bear numerous vesicles in the divisions of the leaves. These serve as traps for minute animals. See Ascidium.

BLADDERY
Blad"der*y, a.

Defn: Having bladders; also, resembling a bladder.

BLADE Blade, n. Etym: [OE. blade, blad, AS. blæd leaf; akin to OS., D., Dan., & Sw. blad, Icel. bla, OHG. blat, G. blatt, and perh. to L. folium, Gr. . The root is prob. the same as that of AS. bl, E. blow, to blossom. See Blow to blossom, and cf. Foil leaf of metal.]

1. Properly, the leaf, or flat part of the leaf, of any plant, especially of gramineous plants. The term is sometimes applied to the spire of grasses. The crimson dulse . . . with its waving blade. Percival. First the blade, then ear, after that the full corn in the ear. Mark iv. 28.

2. The cutting part of an instrument; as, the blade of a knife or a sword.

3. The broad part of an oar; also, one of the projecting arms of a screw propeller.

4. The scapula or shoulder blade.

5. pl. (Arch.)

Defn: The principal rafters of a roof. Weale.

6. pl. (Com.)

Defn: The four large shell plates on the sides, and the five large ones of the middle, of the carapace of the sea turtle, which yield the best tortoise shell. De Colange.

7. A sharp-witted, dashing, wild, or reckless, fellow; — a word of somewhat indefinite meaning. He saw a turnkey in a trice Fetter a troublesome blade. Coleridge.

BLADE
Blade, v. t.

Defn: To furnish with a blade.

BLADE
Blade, v. i.

Defn: To put forth or have a blade. As sweet a plant, as fair a flower, is faded As ever in the Muses' garden bladed. P. Fletcher.

BLADEBONE
Blade"bone`, n.

Defn: The scapula. See Blade, 4.

BLADED
Blad"ed, a.

1. Having a blade or blades; as a two-bladed knife. Decking with liquid pearl the bladed grass. Shak.

2. Divested of blades; as, bladed corn.

3. (Min.)

Defn: Composed of long and narrow plates, shaped like the blade of a knife.

BLADEFISH
Blade"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A long, thin, marine fish of Europe (Trichiurus lepturus); the ribbon fish.

BLADESMITH
Blade"smith`, n.

Defn: A sword cutler. [Obs.]

BLADY
Blad"y, a.

Defn: Consisting of blades. [R.] "Blady grass." Drayton.

BLAE
Blæ, a. Etym: [See Blue.]

Defn: Dark blue or bluish gray; lead-colored. [Scot.]

BLAEBERRY Blæ"ber*ry, n. Etym: [Blæ + berry; akin to Icel blaber, Sw. bl, D. blaabær. Cf. Blueberry.]

Defn: The bilberry. [North of Eng. & Scot.]

BLAGUE
Blague, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Mendacious boasting; falcefood; humbug.

BLAIN Blain, n. Etym: [OE. blein, bleyn, AS. bl; akin to Dan. blegn, D. blein; perh. fr. the same root as E. bladder. See Bladder.]

1. An inflammatory swelling or sore; a bulla, pustule, or blister. Blotches and blains must all his flesh emboss. Milton.

2. (Far.)

Defn: A bladder growing on the root of the tongue of a horse, against the windpipe, and stopping the breath.

BLAMABLE
Blam"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. blâmable.]

Defn: Deserving of censure; faulty; culpable; reprehensible;
censurable; blameworthy.
— Blam"a*ble*ness, n.
— Blam"a*bly (, adv.

BLAME Blame, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blamed; p. pr. & vb. n. Blaming.] Etym: [OE. blamen, F. blâr, OF. blasmer, fr. L. blasphemare to blaspheme, LL. also to blame, fr. Gr. to speak ill to slander, to blaspheme, fr. evil speaking, perh, for ; injury (fr. to injure) + a saying, fr. to say. Cf. Blaspheme, and see Fame.]

1. To censure; to express disapprobation of; to find fault with; to reproach. We have none to blame but ourselves. Tillotson.

2. To bring reproach upon; to blemish. [Obs.] She . . . blamed her noble blood. Spenser. To blame, to be blamed, or deserving blame; in fault; as, the conductor was to blame for the accident. You were to blame, I must be plain with you. Shak.

BLAME Blame, n. Etym: [OE. blame, fr. F. blâme, OF. blasme, fr. blâmer, OF. blasmer, to blame. See Blame, v.]

1. An expression of disapprobation fir something deemed to be wrong; imputation of fault; censure. Let me bear the blame forever. Gen. xiiii. 9.

2. That which is deserving of censure or disapprobation; culpability; fault; crime; sin. Holy and without blame before him in love. Eph. i. 4.

3. Hurt; injury. [Obs.] Spenser.

Syn. — Censure; reprehension; condemnation; reproach; fault; sin; crime; wrongdoing.

BLAMEFUL
Blame"ful, a.

1. Faulty; meriting blame. Shak.

2. Attributing blame or fault; implying or conveying censure;
faultfinding; censorious. Chaucer.
— Blame"ful*ly, adv.
— Blame"ful*ness, n.

BLAMELESS
Blame"less, a.

Defn: Free from blame; without fault; innocent; guiltless; —
sometimes followed by of.
A bishop then must be blameless. 1 Tim. iii. 2.
Blameless still of arts that polish to deprave. Mallet.
We will be blameless of this thine oath. Josh. ii. 17.

Syn. — Irreproachable; sinless; unblemished; inculpable. — Blameless, Spotless, Faultless, Stainless. We speak of a thing as blameless when it is free from blame, or the just imputation of fault; as, a blameless life or character. The others are stronger. We speak of a thing as faultless, stainless, or spotless, only when we mean that it is absolutely without fault or blemish; as, a spotless or stainless reputation; a faultless course of conduct. The last three words apply only to the general character, while blameless may be used in reverence to particular points; as, in this transaction he was wholly blameless. We also apply faultless to personal appearance; as, a faultless figure; which can not be done in respect to any of the other words.

BLAMELESSLY
Blame"less*ly, adv.

Defn: In a blameless manner.

BLAMELESSNESS
Blame"less*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being blameless; innocence.

BLAMER
Blam"er, n.

Defn: One who blames. Wyclif.

BLAMEWORTHY
Blame"wor`thy, a.

Defn: Deserving blame; culpable; reprehensible.
— Blame"wor`thi*ness, n.

BLANC
Blanc, n. [F., white.]

1. A white cosmetic.

2. A white sauce of fat, broth, and vegetables, used esp. for braised meat.

BLANCARD
Blan"card, n. Etym: [F., fr. blanc white.]

Defn: A kind of linen cloth made in Normandy, the thread of which is partly blanches before it is woven.

BLANCH
Blanch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blanched; p. pr. & vb. n. Blanching.]
Etym: [OE. blanchen, blaunchen, F. blanchir, fr. blanc white. See
Blank, a.]

1. To take the color out of, and make white; to bleach; as, to blanch linen; age has blanched his hair.

2. (Gardening)

Defn: To bleach by excluding the light, as the stalks or leaves of plants, by earthing them up or tying them together.

3. (Confectionery & Cookery) (a) To make white by removing the skin of, as by scalding; as, to blanch almonds. (b) To whiten, as the surface of meat, by plunging into boiling water and afterwards into cold, so as to harden the surface and retain the juices.

4. To give a white luster to (silver, before stamping, in the process of coining.).

5. To cover (sheet iron) with a coating of tin.

6. Fig.: To whiten; to give a favorable appearance to; to whitewash; to palliate. Blanch over the blackest and most absurd things. Tillotson.

Syn. — To Blanch, Whiten. To whiten is the generic term, denoting, to render white; as, to whiten the walls of a room. Usually (though not of necessity) this is supposed to be done by placing some white coloring matter in or upon the surface of the object in question. To blanch is to whiten by the removal of coloring matter; as, to blanch linen. So the cheek is blanched by fear, i. e., by the withdrawal of the blood, which leaves it white.

BLANCH
Blanch, v. i.

Defn: To grow or become white; as, his cheek blanched with fear; the rose blanches in the sun. [Bones] blanching on the grass. Tennyson.

BLANCH
Blanch, v. t. Etym: [See Blench.]

1. To avoid, as from fear; to evade; to leave unnoticed. [Obs.] Ifs and ands to qualify the words of treason, whereby every man might express his malice and blanch his danger. Bacon. I suppose you will not blanch Paris in your way. Reliq. Wot.

2. To cause to turn aside or back; as, to blanch a deer.

BLANCH
Blanch, v. i.

Defn: To use evasion. [Obs.]
Books will speak plain, when counselors blanch. Bacon.

BLANCH
Blanch, n. (Mining)

Defn: Ore, not in masses, but mixed with other minerals.

BLANCHARD LATHE
Blan"chard lathe. [After Thomas Blanchard, American inventor.]
(Mach.)

Defn: A kind of wood-turning lathe for making noncircular and irregular forms, as felloes, gun stocks, lasts, spokes, etc., after a given pattern. The pattern and work rotate on parallel spindles in the same direction with the same speed, and the work is shaped by a rapidly rotating cutter whose position is varied by the pattern acting as a cam upon a follower wheel traversing slowly along the pattern.

BLANCHER
Blanch"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, blanches or whitens; esp., one who anneals and cleanses money; also, a chemical preparation for this purpose.

BLANCHER
Blanch"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, frightens away or turns aside. [Obs.]
And Gynecia, a blancher, which kept the dearest deer from her. Sir P.
Sidney.
And so even now hath he divers blanchers belonging to the market, to
let and stop the light of the gospel. Latimer.

BLANCH HOLDING
Blanch" hold`ing. (Scots Law)

Defn: A mode of tenure by the payment of a small duty in white rent (silver) or otherwise.

BLANCHIMETER
Blanch*im"e*ter, n. Etym: [1st blanch + -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the bleaching power of chloride of lime and potash; a chlorometer. Ure.

BLANCMANGE Blanc*mange", n. Etym: [F. blancmanger, lit. white food; blanc white + manger to eat.] (Cookery)

Defn: A preparation for desserts, etc., made from isinglass, sea moss, cornstarch, or other gelatinous or starchy substance, with mild, usually sweetened and flavored, and shaped in a mold.

BLANCMANGER
Blanc*man"ger, n. Etym: [F. See Blancmange.]

Defn: A sort of fricassee with white sauce, variously made of capon, fish, etc. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BLAND
Bland, a. Etym: [L. blandus, of unknown origin.]

1. Mild; soft; gentle; smooth and soothing in manner; suave; as, a bland temper; bland persuasion; a bland sycophant. "Exhilarating vapor bland." Milton.

2. Having soft and soothing qualities; not drastic or irritating; not stimulating; as, a bland oil; a bland diet.

BLANDATION
Blan*da"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. L. blanditia, blandities, fr. blandus.
See Bland.]

Defn: Flattery. [Obs.]

BLANDILOQUENCE Blan*dil"o*quence, n. Etym: [L. blandiloquentia; blandus mild + loqui to speak.]

Defn: Mild, flattering speech.

BLANDILOQUOUS; BLANDILOQUIOUS
Blan*dil"o*quous, Blan*di*lo"qui*ous, a.

Defn: Fair-spoken; flattering.

BLANDISE
Blan"dise, v. i. Etym: [Same word as Blandish.]

Defn: To blandish any one. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BLANDISH
Blan"dish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blandished; p. pr. & vb. n.
Blandishing.] Etym: [OE. blaundisen, F. blandir, fr. L. blandiri, fr.
blandus mild, flattering.]

1. To flatter with kind words or affectionate actions; to caress; to cajole.

2. To make agreeable and enticing. Mustering all her wiles, With blandished parleys. Milton.

BLANDISHER
Blan"dish*er, n.

Defn: One who uses blandishments.

BLANDISHMENT
Blan"dish*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. blandissement.]

Defn: The act of blandishing; a word or act expressive of affection or kindness, and tending to win the heart; soft words and artful caresses; cajolery; allurement. Cowering low with blandishment. Milton. Attacked by royal smiles, by female blandishments. Macaulay.

BLANDLY
Bland"ly, adv.

Defn: In a bland manner; mildly; suavely.

BLANDNESS
Bland"ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being bland.

BLANK Blank, a. Etym: [OE. blank, blonc, blaunc, blaunche, fr. F. blanc, fem. blanche, fr. OHG. blanch shining, bright, white, G. blank; akin to E. blink, cf. also AS. blanc white. Blink, and cf. 1st Blanch.]

1. Of a white or pale color; without color. To the blank moon Her office they prescribed. Milton.

2. Free from writing, printing, or marks; having an empty space to be filled in with some special writing; — said of checks, official documents, etc.; as, blank paper; a blank check; a blank ballot.

3. Utterly confounded or discomfited. Adam . . . astonied stood, and blank. Milton.

4. Empty; void; without result; fruitless; as, a blank space; a blank day.

5. Lacking characteristics which give variety; as, a blank desert; a blank wall; destitute of interests, affections, hopes, etc.; as, to live a blank existence; destitute of sensations; as, blank unconsciousness.

6. Lacking animation and intelligence, or their associated characteristics, as expression of face, look, etc.; expressionless; vacant. "Blank and horror-stricken faces." C. Kingsley. The blank . . . glance of a half returned consciousness. G. Eliot.

7. Absolute; downright; unmixed; as, blank terror. Blank bar (Law), a plea put in to oblige the plaintiff in an action of trespass to assign the certain place where the trespass was committed; — called also common bar. — Blank cartridge, a cartridge containing no ball. — Blank deed. See Deed. — Blank door, or Blank window (Arch.), a depression in a wall of the size of a door or window, either for symmetrical effect, or for the more convenient insertion of a door or window at a future time, should it be needed. — Blank indorsement (Law), an indorsement which omits the name of the person in whose favor it is made; it is usually made by simply writing the name of the indorser on the back of the bill. — Blank line (Print.), a vacant space of the breadth of a line, on a printed page; a line of quadrats. — Blank tire (Mech.), a tire without a flange. — Blank tooling. See Blind tooling, under Blind. — Blank verse. See under Verse. — Blank wall, a wall in which there is no opening; a dead wall.

BLANK
Blank, n.

1. Any void space; a void space on paper, or in any written instrument; an interval void of consciousness, action, result, etc; a void. I can not write a paper full, I used to do; and yet I will not forgive a blank of half an inch from you. Swift. From this time there ensues a long blank in the history of French legislation. Hallam. I was ill. I can't tell how long — it was a blank. G. Eliot.

2. A lot by which nothing is gained; a ticket in a lottery on which no prize is indicated. In Fortune's lottery lies A heap of blanks, like this, for one small prize. Dryden.

3. A paper unwritten; a paper without marks or characters a blank ballot; — especially, a paper on which are to be inserted designated items of information, for which spaces are left vacant; a bland form. The freemen signified their approbation by an inscribed vote, and their dissent by a blank. Palfrey.

4. A paper containing the substance of a legal instrument, as a deed, release, writ, or execution, with spaces left to be filled with names, date, descriptions, etc.

5. The point aimed at in a target, marked with a white spot; hence, the object to which anything is directed. Let me still remain The true blank of thine eye. Shak.

6. Aim; shot; range. [Obs.] I have stood . . . within the blank of his displeasure For my free speech. Shak.

7. A kind of base silver money, first coined in England by Henry V., and worth about 8 pence; also, a French coin of the seventeenth century, worth about 4 pence. Nares.

8. (Mech.)

Defn: A piece of metal prepared to be made into something by a further operation, as a coin, screw, nuts.

9. (Dominoes)

Defn: A piece or division of a piece, without spots; as, the "double blank"; the "six blank." In blank, with an essential portion to be supplied by another; as, to make out a check in blank.

BLANK
Blank, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blanked; p. pr. & vb. n. Blanking.] Etym:
[Cf. 3d Blanch.]

1. To make void; to annul. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To blanch; to make blank; to damp the spirits of; to dispirit or confuse. [Obs.] Each opposite that blanks the face of joy. Shak.

BLANKET Blan"ket, n. Etym: [F. blanchet, OF. also blanket, a woolen waistcoat or shirt, the blanket of a printing press; prop. white woolen stuff, dim. of blanc white; blanquette a kind of white pear, fr. blanc white. See Blank, a.]

1. A heavy, loosely woven fabric, usually of wool, and having a nap, used in bed clothing; also, a similar fabric used as a robe; or any fabric used as a cover for a horse.

2. (Print.)

Defn: A piece of rubber, felt, or woolen cloth, used in the tympan to make it soft and elastic.

3. A streak or layer of blubber in whales.

Note: The use of blankets formerly as curtains in theaters explains the following figure of Shakespeare. Nares. Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark To cry, "Hold, hold!" Shak. Blanket sheet, a newspaper of folio size. — A wet blanket, anything which damps, chills, dispirits, or discour

BLANKET
Blan"ket, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blanketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Blanketing.]

1. To cover with a blanket. I'll . . . blanket my loins. Shak.

2. To toss in a blanket by way of punishment. We'll have our men blanket 'em i' the hall. B. Jonson.

3. To take the wind out of the sails of (another vessel) by sailing to windward of her. Blanket cattle. See Belted cattle, under Belted.

BLANKET CLAUSE
Blan"ket clause`. (Law)

Defn: A clause, as in a blanket mortgage or policy, that includes a group or class of things, rather than a number mentioned individually and having the burden, loss, or the like, apportioned among them.

BLANKETING
Blan"ket*ing, n.

1. Cloth for blankets.

2. The act or punishment of tossing in a blanket. That affair of the blanketing happened to thee for the fault thou wast guilty of. Smollett.

BLANKET MORTGAGE; BLANKET POLICY
Blan"ket mortgage or Blan"ket policy .

Defn: One that covers a group or class of things or properties instead of one or more things mentioned individually, as where a mortgage secures various debts as a group, or subjects a group or class of different pieces of property to one general lien.

BLANKET STITCH
Blanket stitch.

Defn: A buttonhole stitch worked wide apart on the edge of material, as blankets, too thick to hem.

BLANKLY
Blank"ly, adv.

1. In a blank manner; without expression; vacuously; as, to stare blankly. G. Eliot.

2. Directly; flatly; point blank. De Quincey.

BLANKNESS
Blank"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being blank.

BLANQUETTE
Blan*quette", n. Etym: [F. blanquette, from blanc white.] (Cookery)

Defn: A white fricassee.

BLANQUILLO
Blan*quil"lo, n. Etym: [Sp. blanquillo whitish.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large fish of Florida and the W. Indies (Caulolatilus chrysops). It is red, marked with yellow.

BLARE
Blare, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Blared; p. pr. & vb. n. Blaring.] Etym:
[OE. blaren, bloren, to cry, woop; cf. G. plärren to bleat, D. blaren
to bleat, cry, weep. Prob. an imitative word, but cf. also E. blast.
Cf. Blore.]

Defn: To sound loudly and somewhat harshly. "The trumpet blared."
Tennyson.

BLARE
Blare, v. t.

Defn: To cause to sound like the blare of a trumpet; to proclaim
loudly.
To blare its own interpretation. Tennyson.

BLARE
Blare, n.

Defn: The harsh noise of a trumpet; a loud and somewhat harsh noise,
like the blast of a trumpet; a roar or bellowing.
With blare of bugle, clamor of men. Tennyson.
His ears are stunned with the thunder's blare. J. R. Drake.

BLARNEY
Blar"ney, n. Etym: [Blarney, a village and castle near Cork.]

Defn: Smooth, wheedling talk; flattery. [Colloq.] Blarney stone, a stone in Blarney castle, Ireland, said to make those who kiss it proficient in the use of blarney.

BLARNEY
Blar"ney, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blarneyed; p. pr. & vb. n. Blarneying.]

Defn: To influence by blarney; to wheedle with smooth talk; to make or accomplish by blarney. "Blarneyed the landlord." Irving. Had blarneyed his way from Long Island. S. G. Goodrich.

BLASE
Bla*sé", a. Etym: [F., p. p. of blaser.]

Defn: Having the sensibilities deadened by excess or frequency of enjoyment; sated or surfeited with pleasure; used up.

BLASPHEME
Blas*pheme", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blasphemed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Blaspheming.] Etym: [OE. blasfem, L. blasphemare, fr. Gr. : cf. F.
blasphémer. See Blame, v.]

1. To speak of, or address, with impious irreverence; to revile impiously (anything sacred); as, to blaspheme the Holy Spirit. So Dagon shall be magnified, and God, Besides whom is no god, compared with idols, Disglorified, blasphemed, and had in scorn. Milton. How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge thyself on all those who thus continually blaspheme thy great and all-glorious name Dr. W. Beveridge.

2. Figuratively, of persons and things not religiously sacred, but held in high honor: To calumniate; to revile; to abuse. You do blaspheme the good in mocking me. Shak. Those who from our labors heap their board, Blaspheme their feeder and forget their lord. Pope.

BLASPHEME
Blas*pheme", v. i.

Defn: To utter blasphemy. He that shall blaspheme against the Holy Ghost hath never forgiveness. Mark iii. 29.

BLASPHEMER
Blas*phem"er, n.

Defn: One who blasphemes. And each blasphemer quite escape the rod, Because the insult's not on man, but God Pope.

BLASPHEMOUS
Blas"phe*mous, a. Etym: [L. blasphemus, Gr. .]

Defn: Speaking or writing blasphemy; uttering or exhibiting anything impiously irreverent; profane; as, a blasphemous person; containing blasphemy; as, a blasphemous book; a blasphemous caricature. "Blasphemous publications." Porteus. Nor from the Holy One of Heaven Refrained his tongue blasphemous. Milton.

Note: Formerly this word was accented on the second syllable, as in the above example.

BLASPHEMOUSLY
Blas"phe*mous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a blasphemous manner.

BLASPHEMY
Blas"phe*my, n. Etym: [L. blasphemia, Gr. : cf. OF. blasphemie.]

1. An indignity offered to God in words, writing, or signs; impiously irreverent words or signs addressed to, or used in reference to, God; speaking evil of God; also, the act of claiming the attributes or prerogatives of deity.

Note: When used generally in statutes or at common law, blasphemy is the use of irreverent words or signs in reference to the Supreme Being in such a way as to produce scandal or provoke violence.

2. Figuratively, of things held in high honor: Calumny; abuse; vilification. Punished for his blasphemy against learning. Bacon.

-BLAST -blast. Etym: [Gr. sprout, shoot.]

Defn: A suffix or terminal formative, used principally in biological terms, and signifying growth, formation; as, bioblast, epiblast, mesoblast, etc.

BLAST Blast, n. Etym: [AS. bl a puff of wind, a blowing; akin to Icel. blastr, OHG. blast, and fr. a verb akin to Icel. blasa to blow, OHG. blâsan, Goth. bl (in comp.); all prob. from the same root as E. blow. See Blow to eject air.]

1. A violent gust of wind. And see where surly Winter passes off, Far to the north, and calls his ruffian blasts; His blasts obey, and quit the howling hill. Thomson.

2. A forcible stream of air from an orifice, as from a bellows, the mouth, etc. Hence: The continuous blowing to which one charge of ore or metal is subjected in a furnace; as, to melt so many tons of iron at a blast.

Note: The terms hot blast and cold blast are employed to designate whether the current is heated or not heated before entering the furnace. A blast furnace is said to be in blast while it is in operation, and out of blast when not in use.

3. The exhaust steam from and engine, driving a column of air out of a boiler chimney, and thus creating an intense draught through the fire; also, any draught produced by the blast.

4. The sound made by blowing a wind instrument; strictly, the sound produces at one breath. One blast upon his bugle horn Were worth a thousand men. Sir W. Scott. The blast of triumph o'er thy grave. Bryant.

5. A sudden, pernicious effect, as if by a noxious wind, especially on animals and plants; a blight. By the blast of God they perish. Job iv. 9. Virtue preserved from fell destruction's blast. Shak.

6. The act of rending, or attempting to rend, heavy masses of rock, earth, etc., by the explosion of gunpowder, dynamite, etc.; also, the charge used for this purpose. "Large blasts are often used." Tomlinson.

7. A flatulent disease of sheep. Blast furnace, a furnace, usually a shaft furnace for smelting ores, into which air is forced by pressure. — Blast hole, a hole in the bottom of a pump stock through which water enters. — Blast nozzle, a fixed or variable orifice in the delivery end of a blast pipe; — called also blast orifice. — In full blast, in complete operation; in a state of great activity. See Blast, n., 2. [Colloq.]

BLAST
Blast, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Blasting.]

1. To injure, as by a noxious wind; to cause to wither; to stop or check the growth of, and prevent from fruit-bearing, by some pernicious influence; to blight; to shrivel. Seven thin ears, and blasted with the east wind. Gen. xii. 6.

2. Hence, to affect with some sudden violence, plague, calamity, or blighting influence, which destroys or causes to fail; to visit with a curse; to curse; to ruin; as, to blast pride, hopes, or character. I'll cross it, though it blast me. Shak. Blasted with excess of light. T. Gray.

3. To confound by a loud blast or din. Trumpeters, With brazen din blast you the city's ear. Shak.

4. To rend open by any explosive agent, as gunpowder, dynamite, etc.; to shatter; as, to blast rocks.

BLAST
Blast, v. i.

1. To be blighted or withered; as, the bud blasted in the blossom.

2. To blow; to blow on a trumpet. [Obs.] Toke his blake trumpe faste And gan to puffen and to blaste. Chaucer.

BLASTED
Blast"ed, a.

1. Blighted; withered. Upon this blasted heath. Shak.

2. Confounded; accursed; detestable. Some of her own blasted gypsies. Sir W. Scott.

3. Rent open by an explosive. The blasted quarry thunders, heard remote. Wordsworth.

BLASTEMA
Blas*te"ma, n.; pl. Blastemata. Etym: [Gr. bud, sprout.] (Biol.)

Defn: The structureless, protoplasmic tissue of the embryo; the primitive basis of an organ yet unformed, from which it grows.

BLASTEMAL
Blas*te"mal, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to the blastema; rudimentary.

BLASTEMATIC
Blas`te*mat"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Connected with, or proceeding from, the blastema; blastemal.

BLASTER
Blast"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, blasts or destroys.

BLASTIDE
Blas"tide, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout, fr. to grow.] (Biol.)

Defn: A small, clear space in the segments of the ovum, the precursor of the nucleus.

BLASTING
Blast"ing, n.

1. A blast; destruction by a blast, or by some pernicious cause. I have smitten you with blasting and mildew. Amos iv. 9.

2. The act or process of one who, or that which, blasts; the business of one who blasts.

BLAST LAMP
Blast lamp.

Defn: A lamp provided with some arrangement for intensifying combustion by means of a blast.

BLASTMENT
Blast"ment, n.

Defn: A sudden stroke or injury produced by some destructive cause. [Obs.] Shak.

BLASTOCARPOUS
Blas`to*car"pous, a. Etym: [Gr. sprout, germ + fruit.] (Bot.)

Defn: Germinating inside the pericarp, as the mangrove. Brande & C.

BLASTOCOELE
Blas"to*coele, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout + hollow.] (Biol.)

Defn: The cavity of the blastosphere, or segmentation cavity.

BLASTOCYST
Blas"to*cyst, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout + E. cyst.] (Biol.)

Defn: The germinal vesicle.

BLASTODERM
Blas"to*derm, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout + E. derm.] (Biol.)

Defn: The germinal membrane in an ovum, from which the embryo is developed.

BLASTODERMATIC; BLASTODERMIC
Blas`to*der*mat"ic, Blas`to*der"mic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the blastoderm.

BLASTOGENESIS
Blas`to*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout + E. genesis.] (Biol.)

Defn: Multiplication or increase by gemmation or budding.

BLASTOID
Blas"toid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Blastoidea.

BLASTOIDEA
Blas*toid"e*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. sprout + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the divisions of Crinoidea found fossil in paleozoic rocks; pentremites. They are so named on account of their budlike form.

BLASTOMERE
Blas"to*mere, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout + -mere.] (Biol.)

Defn: One of the segments first formed by the division of the ovum.
Balfour.

BLASTOPHORAL; BLASTOPHORIC
Blas`toph"o*ral, Blas`to*phor"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to the blastophore.

BLASTOPHORE
Blas"to*phore, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout + to bear.] (Biol.)

Defn: That portion of the spermatospore which is not converted into spermatoblasts, but carries them.

BLASTOPORE
Blas"to*pore, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout + E. pore.] (Biol.)

Defn: The pore or opening leading into the cavity of invagination, or archenteron.

Note: [See Illust. of Invagination.] Balfour.

BLASTOSPHERE
Blas"to*sphere, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout + E. sphere.] (Biol.)

Defn: The hollow globe or sphere formed by the arrangement of the blastomeres on the periphery of an impregnated ovum.

Note: [See Illust. of Invagination.]

BLASTOSTYLE
Blas"to*style, n. Etym: [Gr. sprout, bud + a pillar.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: In certain hydroids, an imperfect zooid, whose special function is to produce medusoid buds. See Hydroidea, and Athecata.

BLAST PIPE
Blast" pipe`.

Defn: The exhaust pipe of a steam engine, or any pipe delivering steam or air, when so constructed as to cause a blast.

BLASTULA
Blas"tu*la, n. Etym: [NL., dim. of Gr. a sprout.] (Biol.)

Defn: That stage in the development of the ovum in which the outer cells of the morula become more defined and form the blastoderm.

BLASTULE
Blas"tule, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Blastula.

BLASTY
Blast"y, a.

1. Affected by blasts; gusty.

2. Causing blast or injury. [Obs.] Boyle.

BLAT
Blat, v. i.

Defn: To cry, as a calf or sheep; to bleat; to make a senseless noise; to talk inconsiderately. [Low]

BLAT
Blat, v. t.

Defn: To utter inconsiderately. [Low]
If I have anything on my mind, I have to blat it right out. W. D.
Howells.

BLATANCY
Bla"tan*cy, n.

Defn: Blatant quality.

BLATANT
Bla"tant, a. Etym: [Cf. Bleat.]

Defn: Bellowing, as a calf; bawling; brawling; clamoring; disagreeably clamorous; sounding loudly and harshly. "Harsh and blatant tone." R. H. Dana. A monster, which the blatant beast men call. Spenser. Glory, that blatant word, which haunts some military minds like the bray of the trumpet. W. Irving.

BLATANTLY
Bla"tant*ly, adv.

Defn: In a blatant manner.

BLATHER
Blath"er (blath"er), v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Blathered; p. pr. &
vb. n. Blathering.] [Written also blether.] [Icel. blaðra. Cf.
Blatherskite.]

Defn: To talk foolishly, or nonsensically. G. Eliot.

BLATHER
Blath"er, n. [Written also blether.]

Defn: Voluble, foolish, or nonsensical talk; — often in the pl.
Hall Caine.

BLATHERSKITE
Blath"er*skite, n.

Defn: A blustering, talkative fellow. [Local slang, U. S.] Barllett.

BLATTER Blat"ter, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Blattered.] Etym: [L. blaterare to babble: cf. F. blatérer to bleat.]

Defn: To prate; to babble; to rail; to make a senseless noise; to patter. [Archaic] "The rain blattered." Jeffrey. They procured . . . preachers to blatter against me, . . . so that they had place and time to belie me shamefully. Latimer.

BLATTERATION
Blat`ter*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. blateratio a babbling.]

Defn: Blattering.

BLATTERER
Blat"ter*er, n.

Defn: One who blatters; a babbler; a noisy, blustering boaster.

BLATTERING
Blat"ter*ing, n.

Defn: Senseless babble or boasting.

BLATTEROON
Blat`ter*oon", n. Etym: [L. blatero, -onis.]

Defn: A senseless babbler or boaster. [Obs.] "I hate such blatteroons." Howell.

BLAUBOK
Blau"bok, n. Etym: [D. blauwbok.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The blue buck. See Blue buck, under Blue.

BLAY
Blay, n. Etym: [AS. bl, fr. bl, bleak, white; akin to Icel. bleikja,
OHG. bleicha, G. bleihe. See Bleak, n. & a.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish. See Bleak, n.

BLAZE Blaze (blaz), n. Etym: [OE. blase, AS. blæse, blase; akin to OHG. blass whitish, G. blass pale, MHG. blas torch, Icel. blys torch; perh. fr. the same root as E. blast. Cf. Blast, Blush, Blink.]

1. A stream of gas or vapor emitting light and heat in the process of combustion; a bright flame. "To heaven the blaze uprolled." Croly.

2. Intense, direct light accompanied with heat; as, to seek shelter from the blaze of the sun. O dark, dark, dark, amid the blaze of noon! Milton.

3. A bursting out, or active display of any quality; an outburst; a brilliant display. "Fierce blaze of riot." "His blaze of wrath." Shak. For what is glory but the blaze of fame Milton.

4. [Cf. D. bles; akin to E. blaze light.]

Defn: A white spot on the forehead of a horse.

5. A spot made on trees by chipping off a piece of the bark, usually as a surveyor's mark. Three blazes in a perpendicular line on the same tree indicating a legislative road, the single blaze a settlement or neighborhood road. Carlton. In a blaze, on fire; burning with a flame; filled with, giving, or reflecting light; excited or exasperated. — Like blazes, furiously; rapidly. [Low] "The horses did along like blazes tear." Poem in Essex dialect.

Note: In low language in the U. S., blazes is frequently used of something extreme or excessive, especially of something very bad; as, blue as blazes. Neal.

Syn. — Blaze, Flame. A blaze and a flame are both produced by burning gas. In blaze the idea of light rapidly evolved is prominent, with or without heat; as, the blaze of the sun or of a meteor. Flame includes a stronger notion of heat; as, he perished in the flames.

BLAZE
Blaze, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Blazed; p. pr. & vb. n. Blazing.]

1. To shine with flame; to glow with flame; as, the fire blazes.

2. To send forth or reflect glowing or brilliant light; to show a blaze. And far and wide the icy summit blazed. Wordsworth.

3. To be resplendent. Macaulay. To blaze away, to discharge a firearm, or to continue firing; — said esp. of a number of persons, as a line of soldiers. Also used (fig.) of speech or action. [Colloq.]

BLAZE
Blaze, v. t.

1. To mark (a tree) by chipping off a piece of the bark. I found my way by the blazed trees. Hoffman.

2. To designate by blazing; to mark out, as by blazed trees; as, to blaze a line or path. Champollion died in 1832, having done little more than blaze out the road to be traveled by others. Nott.

BLAZE Blaze, v. t. Etym: [OE. blasen to blow; perh. confused with blast and blaze a flame, OE. blase. Cf. Blaze, v. i., and see Blast.]

1. To make public far and wide; to make known; to render conspicuous. On charitable lists he blazed his name. Pollok. To blaze those virtues which the good would hide. Pope.

2. (Her.)

Defn: To blazon. [Obs.] Peacham.

BLAZER
Blaz"er, n.

Defn: One who spreads reports or blazes matters abroad. "Blazers of crime." Spenser.

BLAZING
Blaz"ing, a.

Defn: Burning with a blaze; as, a blazing fire; blazing torches. Sir W. Scott. Blazing star. (a) A comet. [Obs.] (b) A brilliant center of attraction. (c) (Bot.) A name given to several plants; as, to Chamælirium luteum of the Lily family; Liatris squarrosa; and Aletris farinosa, called also colicroot and star grass.

BLAZON Bla"zon, n. Etym: [OE. blason, blasoun, shield, fr. F. blason coat of arms, OF. shield, from the root of AS. blæse blaze, i. e., luster, splendor, MHG. blas torch See Blaze, n.]

1. A shield. [Obs.]

2. An heraldic shield; a coat of arms, or a bearing on a coat of arms; armorial bearings. Their blazon o'er his towers displayed. Sir W. Scott.

3. The art or act of describing or depicting heraldic bearings in the proper language or manner. Peacham.

4. Ostentatious display, either by words or other means; publication; show; description; record. Obtrude the blazon of their exploits upon the company. Collier. Thy tongue, thy face, thy limbs, actions, and spirit, Do give thee fivefold blazon. Shak.

BLAZON
Bla"zon, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blazoned; p. pr. & vb. n. Blazoning.]
Etym: [From blazon, n.; confused with 4th blaze: cf. F. blasonner.]

1. To depict in colors; to display; to exhibit conspicuously; to publish or make public far and wide. Thyself thou blazon'st. Shak. There pride sits blazoned on th' unmeaning brow. Trumbull. To blazon his own worthless name. Cowper.

2. To deck; to embellish; to adorn. She blazons in dread smiles her hideous form. Garth.

3. (Her.)

Defn: To describe in proper terms (the figures of heraldic devices);
also, to delineate (armorial bearings); to emblazon.
The coat of , arms, which I am not herald enough to blazon into
English. Addison.

BLAZON
Bla"zon, v. i.

Defn: To shine; to be conspicuous. [R.]

BLAZONER
Bla"zon*er, n.

Defn: One who gives publicity, proclaims, or blazons; esp., one who blazons coats of arms; a herald. Burke.

BLAZONMENT
Bla"zon*ment, n.

Defn: The act or blazoning; blazoning; emblazonment.

BLAZONRY
Bla"zon*ry, n.

1. Same as Blazon, 3. The principles of blazonry. Peacham.

2. A coat of arms; an armorial bearing or bearings. The blazonry of Argyle. Lord Dufferin.

3. Artistic representation or display.

BLEA
Blea, n.

Defn: The part of a tree which lies immediately under the bark; the alburnum or sapwood.

BLEABERRY
Blea"ber*ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Blaeberry.

BLEACH Bleach, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bleached; p. pr. & vb. n. Bleaching.] Etym: [OE. blakien, blechen, v. t. & v. i., AS. blacian, bl, to grow pale; akin to Icel. bleikja, Sw. bleka, Dan. blege, D. bleeken, G. bleichen, AS. blac pale. See Bleak, a.]

Defn: To make white, or whiter; to remove the color, or stains, from; to blanch; to whiten. The destruction of the coloring matters attached to the bodies to be bleached is effected either by the action of the air and light, of chlorine, or of sulphurous acid. Ure. Immortal liberty, whose look sublime Hath bleached the tyrant's cheek in every varying clime. Smollett.

BLEACH
Bleach, v. i.

Defn: To grow white or lose color; to whiten.

BLEACHED
Bleached, a.

Defn: Whitened; make white. Let their bleached bones, and blood's unbleaching stain, Long mark the battlefield with hideous awe. Byron.

BLEACHER
Bleach"er, n.

Defn: One who whitens, or whose occupation is to whiten, by bleaching.

BLEACHERY
Bleach"er*y, n.; pl. Bleacheries (.

Defn: A place or an establishment where bleaching is done.

BLEACHING
Bleach"ing, n.

Defn: The act or process of whitening, by removing color or stains; esp. the process of whitening fabrics by chemical agents. Ure. Bleaching powder, a powder for bleaching, consisting of chloride of lime, or some other chemical or chemicals.

BLEAK Bleak, a. Etym: [OE. blac, bleyke, bleche, AS. blac, bl, pale, wan; akin to Icel. bleikr, Sw. blek, Dan. bleg, OS. bl, D. bleek, OHG. pleih, G. bleich; all from the root of AS. blican to shine; akin to OHG. blichen to shine; cf. L. flagrare to burn, Gr. to burn, shine, Skr. bhraj to shine, and E. flame. Bleach, Blink, Flame.]

1. Without color; pale; pallid. [Obs.] When she came out she looked as pale and as bleak as one that were laid out dead. Foxe.

2. Desolate and exposed; swept by cold winds.
Wastes too bleak to rear The common growth of earth, the foodful ear.
Wordsworth.
At daybreak, on the bleak sea beach. Longfellow.

3. Cold and cutting; cheerless; as, a bleak blast.
— Bleak"ish, a.
— Bleak"ly, adv.
— Bleak"ness, n.

BLEAK
Bleak, n. Etym: [From Bleak, a., cf. Blay.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small European river fish (Leuciscus alburnus), of the family
Cyprinidæ; the blay. [Written also blick.]

Note: The silvery pigment lining the scales of the bleak is used in the manufacture of artificial pearls. Baird.

BLEAKY
Bleak"y, a.

Defn: Bleak. [Obs.] Dryden.

BLEAR
Blear, a. Etym: [See Blear, v.]

1. Dim or sore with water or rheum; — said of the eyes. His blear eyes ran in gutters to his chin. Dryden.

2. Causing or caused by dimness of sight; dim. Power to cheat the eye with blear illusion. Milton.

BLEAR
Blear, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bleared; p. pr. & vb. n. Blearing.] Etym:
[OE. bleren; cf. Dan. plire to blink, Sw. plira to twinkle, wink, LG.
plieren; perh. from the same root as E. blink. See Blink, and cf.
Blur.]

Defn: To make somewhat sore or watery, as the eyes; to dim, or blur,
as the sight. Figuratively: To obscure (mental or moral perception);
to blind; to hoodwink.
That tickling rheums Should ever tease the lungs and blear the sight.
Cowper.
To blear the eye of, to deceive; to impose upon. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BLEARED
Bleared, a.

Defn: Dimmed, as by a watery humor; affected with rheum.
— Blear"ed*ness (, n.
Dardanian wives, With bleared visages, come forth to view The issue
of the exploit. Shak.

BLEAREYE
Blear"eye`, n. (Med.)

Defn: A disease of the eyelids, consisting in chronic inflammation of the margins, with a gummy secretion of sebaceous matter. Dunglison.

BLEAR-EYED
Blear"-eyed`, a.

1. Having sore eyes; having the eyes dim with rheum; dim-sighted. The blear-eyed Crispin. Drant.

2. Lacking in perception or penetration; short-sighted; as, a blear- eyed bigot.

BLEAREYEDNESS
Blear"eyed`ness, n.

Defn: The state of being blear-eyed.

BLEARY
Blear"y, a.

Defn: Somewhat blear.

BLEAT
Bleat, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bleated; p. pr. & vb. n. Bleating.] Etym:
[OE. bleten, AS. bl; akin to D. blaten, bleeten, OHG. blazan, plazan;
prob. of imitative origin.]

Defn: To make the noise of, or one like that of, a sheep; to cry like
a sheep or calf.
Then suddenly was heard along the main, To low the ox, to bleat the
woolly train. Pope
The ewe that will not hear her lamb when it baas, will never answer a
calf when he bleats. Shak.

BLEAT
Bleat, n.

Defn: A plaintive cry of, or like that of, a sheep.
The bleat of fleecy sheep. Chapman's Homer.

BLEATER
Bleat"er, n.

Defn: One who bleats; a sheep.
In cold, stiff soils the bleaters oft complain Of gouty ails. Dyer.

BLEATING
Bleat"ing, a.

Defn: Crying as a sheep does. Then came the shepherd back with his bleating flocks from the seaside. Longfellow.

BLEATING
Bleat"ing, n.

Defn: The cry of, or as of, a sheep. Chapman.

BLEB Bleb, n. Etym: [Prov. E. bleb, bleib, blob, bubble, blister. This word belongs to the root of blub, blubber, blabber, and perh. blow to puff.]

Defn: A large vesicle or bulla, usually containing a serous fluid; a blister; a bubble, as in water, glass, etc. Arsenic abounds with air blebs. Kirwan.

BLEBBY
Bleb"by, a.

Defn: Containing blebs, or characterized by blebs; as, blebby glass.

BLECK; BLEK
Bleck, Blek, v. t.

Defn: To blacken; also, to defile. [Obs. or Dial.] Wyclif.

BLED
Bled,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Bleed.

BLEE
Blee, n. Etym: [AS. bleó, bleóh.]

Defn: Complexion; color; hue; likeness; form. [Archaic]
For him which is so bright of blee. Lament. of Mary Magd.
That boy has a strong blee of his father. Forby.

BLEED
Bleed, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bled; p. pr. & vb. n. Bleeding.] Etym:
[OE. bleden, AS. bl, fr. bl blood; akin to Sw. blöda, Dan. blöde, D.
bloeden, G. bluten. See Blood.]

1. To emit blood; to lose blood; to run with blood, by whatever means; as, the arm bleeds; the wound bled freely; to bleed at the nose.

2. To withdraw blood from the body; to let blood; as, Dr. A. bleeds in fevers.

3. To lose or shed one's blood, as in case of a violent death or severe wounds; to die by violence. "Cæsar must bleed." Shak. The lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to-day. Pope.

4. To issue forth, or drop, as blood from an incision. For me the balm shall bleed. Pope.

5. To lose sap, gum, or juice; as, a tree or a vine bleeds when tapped or wounded.

6. To pay or lose money; to have money drawn or extorted; as, to bleed freely for a cause. [Colloq.] To make the heart bleed, to cause extreme pain, as from sympathy or pity.

BLEED
Bleed, v. t.

1. To let blood from; to take or draw blood from, as by opening a vein.

2. To lose, as blood; to emit or let drop, as sap. A decaying pine of stately size, bleeding amber. H. Miller.

3. To draw money from (one); to induce to pay; as, they bled him freely for this fund. [Colloq.]

BLEEDER Bleed"er, n. (Med.) (a) One who, or that which, draws blood. (b) One in whom slight wounds give rise to profuse or uncontrollable bleeding.

BLEEDING
Bleed"ing, a.

Defn: Emitting, or appearing to emit, blood or sap, etc.; also, expressing anguish or compassion.

BLEEDING
Bleed"ing, n.

Defn: A running or issuing of blood, as from the nose or a wound; a hemorrhage; the operation of letting blood, as in surgery; a drawing or running of sap from a tree or plant.

BLEMISH Blem"ish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blemished; p. pr. & vb. n. Blemishing.] Etym: [OE. blemissen, blemishen, OF. blemir, blesmir, to strike, injure, soil, F. blêmir to grow pale, fr. OF. bleme, blesme, pale, wan, F. blême, prob. fr. Icel blaman the livid color of a wound, fr. blar blue; akin to E. blue. OF. blemir properly signifies to beat one (black and) blue, and to render blue or dirty. See Blue.]

1. To mark with deformity; to injure or impair, as anything which is well formed, or excellent; to mar, or make defective, either the body or mind. Sin is a soil which blemisheth the beauty of thy soul. Brathwait.

2. To tarnish, as reputation or character; to defame. There had nothing passed between us that might blemish reputation. Oldys.

BLEMISH
Blem"ish, n.; pl. Blemishes (.

Defn: Any mark of deformity or injury, whether physical or moral; anything; that diminishes beauty, or renders imperfect that which is otherwise well formed; that which impairs reputation. He shall take two he lambs without blemish, and one ewe lamb of the first year without blemish. Lev. xiv. 10. The reliefs of an envious man are those little blemishes and imperfections that discover themselves in an illustrious character. Spectator.

Syn. — Spot; speck; flaw; deformity; stain; defect; fault; taint; reproach; dishonor; imputation; disgrace.

BLEMISHLESS
Blem"ish*less, a.

Defn: Without blemish; spotless.
A life in all so blemishless. Feltham.

BLEMISHMENT
Blem"ish*ment, n.

Defn: The state of being blemished; blemish; disgrace; damage;
impairment.
For dread of blame and honor's blemishment. Spenser.

BLENCH Blench, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Blenched; p. pr. & vb. n. Blenching.] Etym: [OE. blenchen to blench, elude, deceive, AS. blencan to deceive; akin to Icel. blekkja to impose upon. Prop. a causative of blink to make to wink, to deceive. See Blink, and cf. 3d Blanch.]

1. To shrink; to start back; to draw back, from lack of courage or resolution; to flinch; to quail. Blench not at thy chosen lot. Bryant. This painful, heroic task he undertook, and never blenched from its fulfillment. Jeffrey.

2. To fly off; to turn aside. [Obs.] Though sometimes you do blench from this to that. Shak.

BLENCH
Blench, v. t.

1. To baffle; to disconcert; to turn away; — also, to obstruct; to hinder. [Obs.] Ye should have somewhat blenched him therewith, yet he might and would of likelihood have gone further. Sir T. More.

2. To draw back from; to deny from fear. [Obs.] He now blenched what before he affirmed. Evelyn.

BLENCH
Blench, n.

Defn: A looking aside or askance. [Obs.]
These blenches gave my heart another youth. Shak.

BLENCH
Blench, v. i. & t. Etym: [See 1st Blanch.]

Defn: To grow or make pale. Barbour.

BLENCHER
Blench"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, scares another; specifically, a person stationed to prevent the escape of the deer, at a hunt. See Blancher. [Obs.]

2. One who blenches, flinches, or shrinks back.

BLENCH HOLDING
Blench" hold`ing. (Law)

Defn: See Blanch holding.

BLEND
Blend, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blended or Blent; p. pr. & vb. n.
Blending.] Etym: [OE. blenden, blanden, AS. blandan to blend, mix;
akin to Goth. blandan to mix, Icel. blanda, Sw. blanda, Dan. blande,
OHG. blantan to mis; to unknown origin.]

1. To mix or mingle together; esp. to mingle, combine, or associate so that the separate things mixed, or the line of demarcation, can not be distinguished. Hence: To confuse; to confound. Blending the grand, the beautiful, the gay. Percival.

2. To pollute by mixture or association; to spoil or corrupt; to blot; to stain. [Obs.] Spenser.

Syn.
— To commingle; combine; fuse; merge; amalgamate; harmonize.

BLEND
Blend, v. i.

Defn: To mingle; to mix; to unite intimately; to pass or shade insensibly into each other, as colors. There is a tone of solemn and sacred feeling that blends with our conviviality. Irving.

BLEND
Blend, n.

Defn: A thorough mixture of one thing with another, as color, tint, etc., into another, so that it cannot be known where one ends or the other begins.

BLEND
Blend, v. t. Etym: [AS. blendan, from blind blind. See Blind, a.]

Defn: To make blind, literally or figuratively; to dazzle; to deceive. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BLENDE Blende, n. Etym: [G., fr. blenden to blind, dazzle, deceive, fr. blind blind. So called either in allusion to its dazzling luster; or (Dana) because, though often resembling galena, it yields no lead. Cf. Sphalerite.] (Min.) (a) A mineral, called also sphalerite, and by miners mock lead, false galena, and black-jack. It is a zinc sulphide, but often contains some iron. Its color is usually yellow, brown, or black, and its luster resinous. (b) A general term for some minerals, chiefly metallic sulphides which have a somewhat brilliant but nonmetallic luster.

BLENDER
Blend"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, blends; an instrument, as a brush, used in blending.

BLENDING
Blend"ing, n.

1. The act of mingling.

2. (Paint.)

Defn: The method of laying on different tints so that they may mingle together while wet, and shade into each other insensibly. Weale.

BLENDOUS
Blend"ous, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, consisting of, or containing, blende.

BLENDWATER
Blend"wa`ter, n.

Defn: A distemper incident to cattle, in which their livers are affected. Crabb.

BLENHEIM SPANIEL Blen"heim span"iel. Etym: [So called from Blenheim House, the seat of the duke of Marlborough, in England.]

Defn: A small variety of spaniel, kept as a pet.

BLENK
Blenk, v. i.

Defn: To blink; to shine; to look. [Obs.]

BLENNIOID; BLENNIID
Blen"ni*oid, Blen"ni*id, a. Etym: [Blenny + -oid] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the blennies.

BLENNOGENOUS
Blen*nog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. mucus + -genous.]

Defn: Generating mucus.

BLENNORRHEA Blen`nor*rhe"a, n. Etym: [Gr. mucus + to flow.] (Med.) (a) An inordinate secretion and discharge of mucus. (b) Gonorrhea. Dunglison.

BLENNY Blen"ny, n.; pl. Blennies. Etym: [L. blennius, blendius, blendea, Gr. , fr. slime, mucus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A marine fish of the genus Blennius or family Blenniidæ; — so called from its coating of mucus. The species are numerous.

BLENT
Blent, imp. & p. p. of Blend to mingle.

Defn: Mingled; mixed; blended; also, polluted; stained.
Rider and horse, friend, foe, in one red burial blent. Byron.

BLENT
Blent, imp. & p. p. of Blend to blind.

Defn: Blinded. Also (Chaucer), 3d sing. pres. Blindeth. [Obs.]

BLEPHARITIS
Bleph`a*ri"tis, n. [NL., fr. Gr. eyelid + -ilis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the eyelids. — Bleph`a*rit"ic (#), a.

BLESBOK Bles"bok, n. Etym: [D., fr. bles a white spot on the forehead + bok buck.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South African antelope (Alcelaphus albifrons), having a large white spot on the forehead.

BLESS Bless, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blessed or Blest; p. pr. & vb. n. Blessing.] Etym: [OE. blessien, bletsen, AS. bletsian, bledsian, bloedsian, fr. bl blood; prob. originally to consecrate by sprinkling with blood. See Blood.]

1. To make or pronounce holy; to consecrate And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it. Gen. ii. 3.

2. To make happy, blithesome, or joyous; to confer prosperity or happiness upon; to grant divine favor to. The quality of mercy is . . . twice blest; It blesseth him that gives and him that takes. Shak. It hath pleased thee to bless the house of thy servant, that it may continue forever before thee. 1 Chron. xvii. 27 (R. V. )

3. To express a wish or prayer for the happiness of; to invoke a blessing upon; — applied to persons. Bless them which persecute you. Rom. xii. 14.

4. To invoke or confer beneficial attributes or qualities upon; to invoke or confer a blessing on, — as on food. Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them. Luke ix. 16.

5. To make the sign of the cross upon; to cross (one's self). [Archaic] Holinshed.

6. To guard; to keep; to protect. [Obs.]

7. To praise, or glorify; to extol for excellences. Bless the Lord, O my soul: and all that is within me, bless his holy name. Ps. ciii. 1.

8. To esteem or account happy; to felicitate. The nations shall bless themselves in him. Jer. iv. 3.

9. To wave; to brandish. [Obs.] And burning blades about their heads do bless. Spenser. Round his armed head his trenchant blade he blest. Fairfax.

Note: This is an old sense of the word, supposed by Johnson, Nares, and others, to have been derived from the old rite of blessing a field by directing the hands to all parts of it. "In drawing [their bow] some fetch such a compass as though they would turn about and bless all the field." Ascham.

Bless me! Bless us! an exclamation of surprise. Milton. — To bless from, to secure, defend, or preserve from. "Bless me from marrying a usurer." Shak. To bless the doors from nightly harm. Milton. — To bless with, To be blessed with, to favor or endow with; to be favored or endowed with; as, God blesses us with health; we are blessed with happiness.

BLESSED
Bless"ed, a.

1. Hallowed; consecrated; worthy of blessing or adoration; heavenly; holy. O, run; prevent them with thy humble ode, And lay it lowly at his blessed feet. Milton.

2. Enjoying happiness or bliss; favored with blessings; happy; highly
favored.
All generations shall call me blessed. Luke i. 48.
Towards England's blessed shore. Shak.

3. Imparting happiness or bliss; fraught with happiness; blissful; joyful. "Then was a blessed time." "So blessed a disposition." Shak.

4. Enjoying, or pertaining to, spiritual happiness, or heavenly felicity; as, the blessed in heaven. Reverenced like a blessed saint. Shak. Cast out from God and blessed vision. Milton.

5. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: Beatified.

6. Used euphemistically, ironically, or intensively. Not a blessed man came to set her [a boat] free. R. D. Blackmore.

BLESSEDLY
Bless"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: Happily; fortunately; joyfully.
We shall blessedly meet again never to depart. Sir P. Sidney.

BLESSEDNESS
Bless"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being blessed; happiness; felicity; bliss; heavenly joys; the favor of God. The assurance of a future blessedness. Tillotson. Single blessedness, the unmarried state. "Grows, lives, and dies in single blessedness." Shak.

Syn.
— Delight; beatitude; ecstasy. See Happiness.

BLESSED THISTLE
Bless"ed this"tle.

Defn: See under Thistle.

BLESSER
Bless"er, n.

Defn: One who blesses; one who bestows or invokes a blessing.

BLESSING
Bless"ing, n. Etym: [AS. bletsung. See Bless, v. t.]

1. The act of one who blesses.

2. A declaration of divine favor, or an invocation imploring divine favor on some or something; a benediction; a wish of happiness pronounces. This is the blessing, where with Moses the man of God blessed the children of Israel. Deut. xxxiii. 1.

3. A means of happiness; that which promotes prosperity and welfare; a beneficent gift. Nature's full blessings would be well dispensed. Milton.

4. (Bib.)

Defn: A gift. [A Hebraism] Gen. xxxiii. 11.

5. Grateful praise or worship.

BLEST
Blest, a.

Defn: Blessed. "This patriarch blest." Milton.
White these blest sounds my ravished ear assail. Trumbull.

BLET
Blet, n. Etym: [F. blet, blette, a., soft from over ripeness.]

Defn: A form of decay in fruit which is overripe.

BLETONISM
Ble"ton*ism, n.

Defn: The supposed faculty of perceiving subterraneous springs and currents by sensation; — so called from one Bleton, of France.

BLETTING
Blet"ting, n.

Defn: A form of decay seen in fleshy, overripe fruit. Lindley.

BLEW
Blew, imp.

Defn: of Blow.

BLEYME
Bleyme, n. Etym: [F. bleime.] (Far.)

Defn: An inflammation in the foot of a horse, between the sole and the bone. [Obs.]

BLEYNTE
Bleyn"te, imp.

Defn: of Blench. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BLICKEY
Blick"ey, n. Etym: [D. blik tin.]

Defn: A tin dinner pail. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.

BLIGHT Blight, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Blighting.] Etym: [Perh. contr. from AS. blicettan to glitter, fr. the same root as E. bleak. The meaning "to blight" comes in that case from to glitter, hence, to be white or pale, grow pale, make pale, bleach. Cf. Bleach, Bleak.]

1. To affect with blight; to blast; to prevent the growth and fertility of. [This vapor] blasts vegetables, blights corn and fruit, and is sometimes injurious even to man. Woodward.

2. Hence: To destroy the happiness of; to ruin; to mar essentially; to frustrate; as, to blight one's prospects. Seared in heart and lone and blighted. Byron.

BLIGHT
Blight, v. i.

Defn: To be affected by blight; to blast; as, this vine never blights.

BLIGHT
Blight, n.

1. Mildew; decay; anything nipping or blasting; — applied as a general name to various injuries or diseases of plants, causing the whole or a part to wither, whether occasioned by insects, fungi, or atmospheric influences.

2. The act of blighting, or the state of being blighted; a withering or mildewing, or a stoppage of growth in the whole or a part of a plant, etc.

3. That which frustrates one's plans or withers one's hopes; that which impairs or destroys. A blight seemed to have fallen over our fortunes. Disraeli.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A downy species of aphis, or plant louse, destructive to fruit trees, infesting both the roots and branches; — also applied to several other injurious insects.

5. pl.

Defn: A rashlike eruption on the human skin. [U. S.]

BLIGHTING
Blight"ing, a.

Defn: Causing blight.

BLIGHTINGLY
Blight"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to cause blight.

BLIMBI; BLIMBING
Blim"bi, Blim"bing, n.

Defn: See Bilimbi, etc.

BLIN Blin, v. t. & i. Etym: [OE. blinnen, AS. blinnan; pref. be- + linnan to cease.]

Defn: To stop; to cease; to desist. [Obs.] Spenser.

BLIN
Blin, n. Etym: [AS. blinn.]

Defn: Cessation; end. [Obs.]

BLIND Blind, a. Etym: [AS.; akin to D., G., OS., Sw., & Dan. blind, Icel. blindr, Goth. blinds; of uncertain origin.]

1. Destitute of the sense of seeing, either by natural defect or by deprivation; without sight. He that is strucken blind can not forget The precious treasure of his eyesight lost. Shak.

2. Not having the faculty of discernment; destitute of intellectual light; unable or unwilling to understand or judge; as, authors are blind to their own defects. But hard be hardened, blind be blinded more, That they may stumble on, and deeper fall. Milton.

3. Undiscerning; undiscriminating; inconsiderate. This plan is recommended neither to blind approbation nor to blind reprobation. Jay.

4. Having such a state or condition as a thing would have to a person who is blind; not well marked or easily discernible; hidden; unseen; concealed; as, a blind path; a blind ditch.

5. Involved; intricate; not easily followed or traced. The blind mazes of this tangled wood. Milton.

6. Having no openings for light or passage; as, a blind wall; open only at one end; as, a blind alley; a blind gut.

7. Unintelligible, or not easily intelligible; as, a blind passage in a book; illegible; as, blind writing.

8. (Hort.)

Defn: Abortive; failing to produce flowers or fruit; as, blind buds; blind flowers. Blind alley, an alley closed at one end; a cul-de-sac. — Blind axle, an axle which turns but does not communicate motion. Knight. — Blind beetle, one of the insects apt to fly against people, esp. at night. — Blind cat (Zoöl.), a species of catfish (Gronias nigrolabris), nearly destitute of eyes, living in caverns in Pennsylvania. — Blind coal, coal that burns without flame; anthracite coal. Simmonds. — Blind door, Blind window, an imitation of a door or window, without an opening for passage or light. See Blank door or window, under Blank, a. — Blind level (Mining), a level or drainage gallery which has a vertical shaft at each end, and acts as an inverted siphon. Knight. — Blind nettle (Bot.), dead nettle. See Dead nettle, under Dead. — Blind shell (Gunnery), a shell containing no charge, or one that does not explode. — Blind side, the side which is most easily assailed; a weak or unguarded side; the side on which one is least able or disposed to see danger. Swift. — Blind snake (Zoöl.), a small, harmless, burrowing snake, of the family Typhlopidæ, with rudimentary eyes. — Blind spot (Anat.), the point in the retina of the eye where the optic nerve enters, and which is insensible to light. — Blind tooling, in bookbinding and leather work, the indented impression of heated tools, without gilding; — called also blank tooling, and blind blocking. — Blind wall, a wall without an opening; a blank wall.

BLIND
Blind, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blinded; p. pr. & vb. n. Blinding.]

1. To make blind; to deprive of sight or discernment. "To blind the truth and me." Tennyson. A blind guide is certainly a great mischief; but a guide that blinds those whom he should lead is . . . a much greater. South.

2. To deprive partially of vision; to make vision difficult for and painful to; to dazzle. Her beauty all the rest did blind. P. Fletcher.

3. To darken; to obscure to the eye or understanding; to conceal; to deceive. Such darkness blinds the sky. Dryden. The state of the controversy between us he endeavored, with all his art, to blind and confound. Stillingfleet.

4. To cover with a thin coating of sand and fine gravel; as a road newly paved, in order that the joints between the stones may be filled.

BLIND
Blind, n.

1. Something to hinder sight or keep out light; a screen; a cover; esp. a hinged screen or shutter for a window; a blinder for a horse.

2. Something to mislead the eye or the understanding, or to conceal some covert deed or design; a subterfuge.

3. Etym: [Cf. F. blindes, pblende, fr. blenden to blind, fr. blind blind.] (Mil.)

Defn: A blindage. See Blindage.

4. A halting place. [Obs.] Dryden.

BLIND; BLINDE
Blind, Blinde, n.

Defn: See Blende.

BLINDAGE
Blind"age, n. Etym: [Cf. F. blindage.] (Mil.)

Defn: A cover or protection for an advanced trench or approach, formed of fascines and earth supported by a framework.

BLINDER
Blind"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, blinds.

2. (Saddlery)

Defn: One of the leather screens on a bridle, to hinder a horse from seeing objects at the side; a blinker.

BLINDFISH
Blind"fish` (, n.

Defn: A small fish (Amblyopsis spelæus) destitute of eyes, found in the waters of the Mammoth Cave, in Kentucky. Related fishes from other caves take the same name.

BLINDFOLD
Blind"fold`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blindfolded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Blindfolding.] Etym: [OE. blindfolden, blindfelden, blindfellen; AS.
blind blind + prob. fellan, fyllan, to fell, strike down.]

Defn: To cover the eyes of, as with a bandage; to hinder from seeing. And when they had blindfolded him, they struck him on the face. Luke xxii. 64.

BLINDFOLD
Blind"fold`, a.

Defn: Having the eyes covered; blinded; having the mental eye
darkened. Hence: Heedless; reckless; as, blindfold zeal; blindfold
fury.
Fate's blindfold reign the atheist loudly owns. Dryden.

BLINDING
Blind"ing, a.

Defn: Making blind or as if blind; depriving of sight or of understanding; obscuring; as, blinding tears; blinding snow.

BLINDING
Blind"ing, n.

Defn: A thin coating of sand and fine gravel over a newly paved road.
See Blind, v. t., 4.

BLINDLY
Blind"ly, adv.

Defn: Without sight, discernment, or understanding; without thought, investigation, knowledge, or purpose of one's own. By his imperious mistress blindly led. Dryden.

BLINDMAN'S BUFF
Blind"man's buff" (. Etym: [See Buff a buffet.]

Defn: A play in which one person is blindfolded, and tries to catch some one of the company and tell who it is. Surely he fancies I play at blindman's buff with him, for he thinks I never have my eyes open. Stillingfleet.

BLINDMAN'S HOLIDAY
Blind`man's hol"i*day.

Defn: The time between daylight and candle light. [Humorous]

BLINDNESS
Blind"ness, n.

Defn: State or condition of being blind, literally or figuratively.
Darwin. Color blindness, inability to distinguish certain color. See
Daltonism.

BLIND READER
Blind reader.

Defn: A post-office clerk whose duty is to decipher obscure addresses.

BLINDSTORY
Blind"sto`ry, n. (Arch.)

Defn: The triforium as opposed to the clearstory.

BLINDWORM
Blind"worm`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small, burrowing, snakelike, limbless lizard (Anguis fragilis), with minute eyes, popularly believed to be blind; the slowworm; — formerly a name for the adder. Newts and blindworms do no wrong. Shak.

BLINK Blink, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Blinked; p. pr. & vb. n. Blinking.] Etym: [OE. blenken; akin to dan. blinke, Sw. blinka, G. blinken to shine, glance, wink, twinkle, D. blinken to shine; and prob. to D. blikken to glance, twinkle, G. blicken to look, glance, AS. blican to shine, E. bleak. sq. root98. See Bleak; cf. 1st Blench.]

1. To wink; to twinkle with, or as with, the eye. One eye was blinking, and one leg was lame. Pope

2. To see with the eyes half shut, or indistinctly and with frequent winking, as a person with weak eyes. Show me thy chink, to blink through with mine eyne. Shak.

3. To shine, esp. with intermittent light; to twinkle; to flicker; to
glimmer, as a lamp.
The dew was falling fast, the stars began to blink. Wordsworth.
The sun blinked fair on pool and stream . Sir W. Scott.

4. To turn slightly sour, as beer, mild, etc.

BLINK
Blink, v. t.

1. To shut out of sight; to avoid, or purposely evade; to shirk; as, to blink the question.

2. To trick; to deceive. [Scot.] Jamieson.

BLINK
Blink, n. Etym: [OE. blink. See Blink, v. i. ]

1. A glimpse or glance. This is the first blink that ever I had of him. Bp. Hall.

2. Gleam; glimmer; sparkle. Sir W. Scott. Not a blink of light was there. Wordsworth.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: The dazzling whiteness about the horizon caused by the reflection of light from fields of ice at sea; ice blink.

4. pl. Etym: [Cf. Blencher.] (Sporting)

Defn: Boughs cast where deer are to pass, to turn or check them.
[Prov. Eng.]

BLINKARD
Blink"ard, n. Etym: [Blind + -ard.]

1. One who blinks with, or as with, weak eyes. Among the blind the one-eyed blinkard reigns. Marvell.

2. That which twinkles or glances, as a dim star, which appears and disappears. Hakewill.

BLINK BEER
Blink" beer` (

Defn: Beer kept unbroached until it is sharp. Crabb.

BLINKER
Blink"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, blinks.

2. A blinder for horses; a flap of leather on a horse's bridle to prevent him from seeing objects as his side hence, whatever obstructs sight or discernment. Nor bigots who but one way see, through blinkers of authority. M. Green.

3. pl.

Defn: A kind of goggles, used to protect the eyes form glare, etc.

BLINK-EYED
Blink"-eyed` (, a.

Defn: Habitually winking. Marlowe.

BLIRT
Blirt, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A gust of wind and rain. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

BLISS Bliss, n.; pl. Blisses. Etym: [OE. blis, blisse, AS. blis, bli, fr. bli blithe. See Blithe.]

Defn: Orig., blithesomeness; gladness; now, the highest degree of happiness; blessedness; exalted felicity; heavenly joy. An then at last our bliss Full and perfect is. Milton.

Syn.
— Blessedness; felicity; beatitude; happiness; joy; enjoyment. See
Happiness.

BLISSFUL
Bliss"ful, a.

Defn: Full of, characterized by, or causing, joy and felicity; happy
in the highest degree. "Blissful solitude." Milton.
— Bliss"ful*ly, adv.
— Bliss"ful*ness, n.

BLISSLESS
Bliss"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of bliss. Sir P. Sidney.

BLISSOM Blis"som, v. i. Etym: [For blithesome: but cf. also Icel. bl of a goat at heat.]

Defn: To be lustful; to be lascivious. [Obs.]

BLISSOM
Blis"som, a.

Defn: Lascivious; also, in heat; — said of ewes.

BLISTER Blis"ter, n. Etym: [OE.; akin to OD. bluyster, fr. the same root as blast, bladder, blow. See Blow to eject wind.]

1. A vesicle of the skin, containing watery matter or serum, whether occasioned by a burn or other injury, or by a vesicatory; a collection of serous fluid causing a bladderlike elevation of the cuticle. And painful blisters swelled my tender hands. Grainger.

2. Any elevation made by the separation of the film or skin, as on plants; or by the swelling of the substance at the surface, as on steel.

3. A vesicatory; a plaster of Spanish flies, or other matter, applied to raise a blister. Dunglison. Blister beetle, a beetle used to raise blisters, esp. the Lytta (or Cantharis) vesicatoria, called Cantharis or Spanish fly by druggists. See Cantharis. — Blister fly, a blister beetle. — Blister plaster, a plaster designed to raise a blister; — usually made of Spanish flies. — Blister steel, crude steel formed from wrought iron by cementation; — so called because of its blistered surface. Called also blistered steel. — Blood blister. See under Blood.

BLISTER
Blis"ter, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Blistered; p. pr. & vb. n. Blistering.]

Defn: To be affected with a blister or blisters; to have a blister
form on.
Let my tongue blister. Shak.

BLISTER
Blis"ter, v. t.

1. To raise a blister or blisters upon. My hands were blistered. Franklin.

2. To give pain to, or to injure, as if by a blister. This tyrant, whose sole name blisters our tongue. Shak.

BLISTERY
Blis"ter*y, a.

Defn: Full of blisters. Hooker.

BLITE
Blite, n. Etym: [L. blitum, Gr. .] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of herbs (Blitum) with a fleshy calyx. Blitum capitatum is the strawberry blite.

BLITHE
Blithe, a. Etym: [AS. bli blithe, kind; akin to Goth. blei kind,
Icel. bli mild, gentle, Dan. & Sw. blid gentle, D. blijd blithe, OHG.
blidi kind, blithe.]

Defn: Gay; merry; sprightly; joyous; glad; cheerful; as, a blithe
spirit.
The blithe sounds of festal music. Prescott.
A daughter fair, So buxom, blithe, and debonair. Milton.

BLITHEFUL
Blithe"ful, a.

Defn: Gay; full of gayety; joyous.

BLITHELY
Blithe"ly, adv.

Defn: In a blithe manner.

BLITHENESS
Blithe"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being blithe. Chaucer.

BLITHESOME
Blithe"some, a.

Defn: Cheery; gay; merry.
The blithesome sounds of wassail gay. Sir W. Scott.
— Blithe"some*ly, adv.
— Blithe"some*ness, n.

BLIVE
Blive, adv. Etym: [A contraction of Belive.]

Defn: Quickly; forthwith. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BLIZZARD Bliz"zard, n. Etym: [Cf. Blaze to flash. Formerly, in local use, a rattling volley; cf. "to blaze away" to fire away.]

Defn: A gale of piercingly cold wind, usually accompanied with fine and blinding snow; a furious blast. [U. S.]

BLOAT Bloat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bloated; p. pr. & vb. n. Bloating.] Etym: [Cf. Icel. blotna to become soft, blautr soft, wet, Sw. blöt soft, blöta to soak; akin to G. bloss bare, and AS. bleát wretched; or perh. fr. root of Eng. 5th blow. Cf. Blote.]

1. To make turgid, as with water or air; to cause a swelling of the surface of, from effusion of serum in the cellular tissue, producing a morbid enlargement, often accompanied with softness.

2. To inflate; to puff up; to make vain. Dryden.

BLOAT
Bloat, v. i.

Defn: To grow turgid as by effusion of liquid in the cellular tissue; to puff out; to swell. Arbuthnot.

BLOAT
Bloat, a.

Defn: Bloated. [R.] Shak.

BLOAT
Bloat, n.

Defn: A term of contempt for a worthless, dissipated fellow. [Slang]

BLOAT
Bloat, v. t.

Defn: To dry (herrings) in smoke. See Blote.

BLOATED
Bloat"ed, p. a.

Defn: Distended beyond the natural or usual size, as by the presence of water, serum, etc.; turgid; swollen; as, a bloated face. Also, puffed up with pride; pompous.

BLOATEDNESS
Bloat"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being bloated.

BLOATER
Bloat"er, n. Etym: [See Bloat, Blote.]

Defn: The common herring, esp. when of large size, smoked, and half dried; — called also bloat herring.

BLOB
Blob, n. Etym: [See Bleb.]

1. Something blunt and round; a small drop or lump of something viscid or thick; a drop; a bubble; a blister. Wright.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small fresh-water fish (Uranidea Richardsoni); the miller's thumb.

BLOBBER
Blob"ber, n. Etym: [See Blubber, Blub.]

Defn: A bubble; blubber. [Low] T. Carew. Blobber lip, a thick,
protruding lip.
His blobber lips and beetle brows commend. Dryden.

BLOBBER-LIPPED
Blob"ber-lipped`, a.

Defn: Having thick lips. "A blobber-lipped shell." Grew.

BLOCAGE
Blo*cage", n. Etym: [F.] (Arch.)

Defn: The roughest and cheapest sort of rubblework, in masonry.

BLOCK Block, n. Etym: [OE. blok; cf. F. bloc (fr. OHG.), D. & Dan. blok, Sw. & G. block, OHG. bloch. There is also an OHG. bloch, biloh; bi by + the same root as that of E. lock. Cf. Block, v. t., Blockade, and see Lock.]

1. A piece of wood more or less bulky; a solid mass of wood, stone, etc., usually with one or more plane, or approximately plane, faces; as, a block on which a butcher chops his meat; a block by which to mount a horse; children's playing blocks, etc. Now all our neighbors' chimneys smoke, And Christmas blocks are burning. Wither. All her labor was but as a block Left in the quarry. Tennyson.

2. The solid piece of wood on which condemned persons lay their necks when they are beheaded. Noble heads which have been brought to the block. E. Everett.

3. The wooden mold on which hats, bonnets, etc., are shaped. Hence: The pattern on shape of a hat. He wears his faith but as the fashion of his hat; it ever changes with the next block. Shak.

4. A large or long building divided into separate houses or shops, or a number of houses or shops built in contact with each other so as to form one building; a row of houses or shops.

5. A square, or portion of a city inclosed by streets, whether occupied by buildings or not. The new city was laid out in rectangular blocks, each block containing thirty building lots. Such an average block, comprising 282 houses and covering nine acres of ground, exists in Oxford Street. Lond. Quart. Rev.

6. A grooved pulley or sheave incased in a frame or shell which is provided with a hook, eye, or strap, by which it may be attached to an object. It is used to change the direction of motion, as in raising a heavy object that can not be conveniently reached, and also, when two or more such sheaves are compounded, to change the rate of motion, or to exert increased force; — used especially in the rigging of ships, and in tackles.

7. (Falconry)

Defn: The perch on which a bird of prey is kept.

8. Any obstruction, or cause of obstruction; a stop; a hindrance; an obstacle; as, a block in the way.

9. A piece of box or other wood for engravers' work.

10. (Print.)

Defn: A piece of hard wood (as mahogany or cherry) on which a stereotype or electrotype plate is mounted to make it type high.

11. A blockhead; a stupid fellow; a dolt. [Obs.] What a block art thou ! Shak.

12. A section of a railroad where the block system is used. See Block system, below. A block of shares (Stock Exchange), a large number of shares in a stock company, sold in a lump. Bartlett. — Block printing. (a) A mode of printing (common in China and Japan) from engraved boards by means of a sheet of paper laid on the linked surface and rubbed with a brush. S. W. Williams. (b) A method of printing cotton cloth and paper hangings with colors, by pressing them upon an engraved surface coated with coloring matter. — Block system on railways, a system by which the track is divided into sections of three or four miles, and trains are so run by the guidance of electric signals that no train enters a section or block before the preceding train has left it.

BLOCK
Block, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blocked; p. pr. & vb. n. Blocking.] Etym:
[Cf. F. bloquer, fr. bloc block. See Block, n.]

1. To obstruct so as to prevent passage or progress; to prevent passage from, through, or into, by obstructing the way; — used both of persons and things; — often followed by up; as, to block up a road or harbor. With moles . . . would block the port. Rowe. A city . . . besieged and blocked about. Milton.

2. To secure or support by means of blocks; to secure, as two boards at their angles of intersection, by pieces of wood glued to each.

3. To shape on, or stamp with, a block; as, to block a hat. To block out, to begin to reduce to shape; to mark out roughly; to lay out; as, to block out a plan.

BLOCKADE
Block*ade", n. Etym: [Cf. It. bloccata. See Block, v. t. ]

1. The shutting up of a place by troops or ships, with the purpose of preventing ingress or egress, or the reception of supplies; as, the blockade of the ports of an enemy.

Note: Blockade is now usually applied to an investment with ships or vessels, while siege is used of an investment by land forces. To constitute a blockade, the investing power must be able to apply its force to every point of practicable access, so as to render it dangerous to attempt to enter; and there is no blockade of that port where its force can not be brought to bear. Kent.

2. An obstruction to passage. To raise a blockade. See under Raise.

BLOCKADE
Block*ade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blockaded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Blockading.]

1. To shut up, as a town or fortress, by investing it with troops or vessels or war for the purpose of preventing ingress or egress, or the introduction of supplies. See note under Blockade, n. "Blockaded the place by sea." Gilpin.

2. Hence, to shut in so as to prevent egress. Till storm and driving ice blockade him there. Wordsworth.

3. To obstruct entrance to or egress from. Huge bales of British cloth blockade the door. Pope.

BLOCKADER
Block*ad"er, n.

1. One who blockades.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A vessel employed in blockading.

BLOCKAGE
Block"age, n.

Defn: The act of blocking up; the state of being blocked up.

BLOCK BOOK
Block" book` (.

Defn: A book printed from engraved wooden blocks instead of movable types.

BLOCK CHAIN
Block chain. (Mach.)

Defn: A chain in which the alternate links are broad blocks connected by thin side links pivoted to the ends of the blocks, used with sprocket wheels to transmit power, as in a bicycle.

BLOCKHEAD
Block"head` (, n. Etym: [Block + head.]

Defn: A stupid fellow; a dolt; a person deficient in understanding. The bookful blockhead, ignorantly read, With loads of learned lumber in his head. Pope.

BLOCKHEADED
Block"head`ed, a.

Defn: Stupid; dull.

BLOCKHEADISM
Block"head*ism, n.

Defn: That which characterizes a blockhead; stupidity. Carlyle.

BLOCKHOUSE
Block"house` (, n. Etym: [Block + house: cf. G. blockhaus.]

1. (Mil.)

Defn: An edifice or structure of heavy timbers or logs for military defense, having its sides loopholed for musketry, and often an upper story projecting over the lower, or so placed upon it as to have its sides make an angle wit the sides of the lower story, thus enabling the defenders to fire downward, and in all directions; — formerly much used in America and Germany.

2. A house of squared logs. [West. & South. U. S.]

BLOCKING
Block"ing, n.

1. The act of obstructing, supporting, shaping, or stamping with a block or blocks.

2. Blocks used to support (a building, etc.) temporarily.

BLOCKING COURSE
Block"ing course` (. (Arch.)

Defn: The finishing course of a wall showing above a cornice.

BLOCKISH
Block"ish, a.

Defn: Like a block; deficient in understanding; stupid; dull.
"Blockish Ajax." Shak.
— Block"ish*ly, adv.
— Block"ish*ness, n.

BLOCKLIKE
Block"like` (, a.

Defn: Like a block; stupid.

BLOCK SIGNAL
Block signal. (Railroads)

Defn: One of the danger signals or safety signals which guide the movement of trains in a block system. The signal is often so coupled with a switch that act of opening or closing the switch operates the signal also.

BLOCK SYSTEM
Block system. (Railroads)

Defn: A system by which the track is divided into short sections, as of three or four miles, and trains are so run by the guidance of electric, or combined electric and pneumatic, signals that no train enters a section or block until the preceding train has left it, as in absolute blocking, or that a train may be allowed to follow another into a block as long as it proceeds with excessive caution, as in permissive blocking.

BLOCK TIN
Block" tin` (.

Defn: See under Tin.

BLOEDITE
Bloe"dite, n. Etym: [From the chemist Blöde.] (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous sulphate of magnesium and sodium.

BLOLLY Blol"ly, n. (Bot.) (a) A shrub or small tree of southern Florida and the West Indies (Pisonia obtusata) with smooth oval leaves and a hard, 10-ribbed fruit. (b) The rubiaceous shrub Chicocca racemosa, of the same region.

BLOMARY
Blom"a*ry, n.

Defn: See Bloomery.

BLONCKET; BLONKET Blonc"ket, Blon"ket, a. Etym: [OF. blanquet whitish, dim. of blanc white. Cf. Blanket.]

Defn: Gray; bluish gray. [Obs.]
Our bloncket liveries been all too sad. Spenser.

BLOND; BLONDE
Blond, Blonde, a. Etym: [F., fair, light, of uncertain origin; cf.
AS. blonden-feax gray-haired, old, prop. blended-haired, as a mixture
of white and brown or black. See Blend, v. t. ]

Defn: Of a fair color; light-colored; as, blond hair; a blond complexion.

BLONDE
Blonde, n. Etym: [F.]

1. A person of very fair complexion, with light hair and light blue eyes. [Written also blond.]

2. Etym: [So called from its color.]

Defn: A kind of silk lace originally of the color of raw silk, now sometimes dyed; — called also blond lace.

BLOND METAL
Blond" met`al.

Defn: A variety of clay ironstone, in Staffordshire, England, used for making tools.

BLONDNESS
Blond"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being blond. G. Eliot.

BLOOD
Blood, n. Etym: [OE. blod, blood, AS. bl; akin to D. bloed, OHG.
bluot, G. blut, Goth, bl, Sw. & Dan. blod; prob. fr. the same root as
E. blow to bloom. See Blow to bloom.]

1. The fluid which circulates in the principal vascular system of animals, carrying nourishment to all parts of the body, and bringing away waste products to be excreted. See under Arterial.

Note: The blood consists of a liquid, the plasma, containing minute particles, the blood corpuscles. In the invertebrate animals it is usually nearly colorless, and contains only one kind of corpuscles; but in all vertebrates, except Amphioxus, it contains some colorless corpuscles, with many more which are red and give the blood its uniformly red color. See Corpuscle, Plasma.

2. Relationship by descent from a common ancestor; consanguinity;
kinship.
To share the blood of Saxon royalty. Sir W. Scott.
A friend of our own blood. Waller.
Half blood (Law), relationship through only one parent.
— Whole blood, relationship through both father and mother. In
American Law, blood includes both half blood, and whole blood.
Bouvier. Peters.

3. Descent; lineage; especially, honorable birth; the highest royal
lineage.
Give us a prince of blood, a son of Priam. Shak.
I am a gentleman of blood and breeding. Shak.

4. (Stock Breeding)

Defn: Descent from parents of recognized breed; excellence or purity of breed.

Note: In stock breeding half blood is descent showing one half only of pure breed. Blue blood, full blood, or warm blood, is the same as blood.

5. The fleshy nature of man. Nor gives it satisfaction to our blood. Shak.

6. The shedding of blood; the taking of life, murder; manslaughter;
destruction.
So wills the fierce, avenging sprite, Till blood for blood atones.
Hood.

7. A bloodthirsty or murderous disposition. [R.] He was a thing of blood, whose every motion Was timed with dying cries. Shak.

8. Temper of mind; disposition; state of the passions; — as if the blood were the seat of emotions. When you perceive his blood inclined to mirth. Shak.

Note: Often, in this sense, accompanied with bad, cold, warm, or other qualifying word. Thus, to commit an act in cold blood, is to do it deliberately, and without sudden passion; to do it in bad blood, is to do it in anger. Warm blood denotes a temper inflamed or irritated. To warm or heat the blood is to excite the passions. Qualified by up, excited feeling or passion is signified; as, my blood was up.

9. A man of fire or spirit; a fiery spark; a gay, showy man; a rake. Seest thou not . . . how giddily 'a turns about all the hot bloods between fourteen and five and thirty Shak. It was the morning costume of a dandy or blood. Thackeray.

10. The juice of anything, especially if red. He washed . . . his clothes in the blood of grapes. Gen. xiix. 11.

Note: Blood is often used as an adjective, and as the first part of self-explaining compound words; as, blood-bespotted, blood-bought, blood-curdling, blood-dyed, blood-red, blood-spilling, blood-stained, blood-warm, blood-won. Blood baptism (Eccl. Hist.), the martyrdom of those who had not been baptized. They were considered as baptized in blood, and this was regarded as a full substitute for literal baptism. — Blood blister, a blister or bleb containing blood or bloody serum, usually caused by an injury. — Blood brother, brother by blood or birth. — Blood clam (Zoöl.), a bivalve mollusk of the genus Arca and allied genera, esp. Argina pexata of the American coast. So named from the color of its flesh. — Blood corpuscle. See Corpuscle. — Blood crystal (Physiol.), one of the crystals formed by the separation in a crystalline form of the hæmoglobin of the red blood corpuscles; hæmatocrystallin. All blood does not yield blood crystals. — Blood heat, heat equal to the temperature of human blood, or about 98½ º Fahr. — Blood horse, a horse whose blood or lineage is derived from the purest and most highly prized origin or stock. — Blood money. See in the Vocabulary. — Blood orange, an orange with dark red pulp. — Blood poisoning (Med.), a morbid state of the blood caused by the introduction of poisonous or infective matters from without, or the absorption or retention of such as are produced in the body itself; toxæmia. — Blood pudding, a pudding made of blood and other materials. — Blood relation, one connected by blood or descent. — Blood spavin. See under Spavin. — Blood vessel. See in the Vocabulary. — Blue blood, the blood of noble or aristocratic families, which, according to a Spanish prover , has in it a tinge of blue; — hence, a member of an old and aristocratic family. — Flesh and blood. (a) A blood relation, esp. a child. (b) Human nature. — In blood (Hunting), in a state of perfect health and vigor. Shak. — To let blood. See under Let. — Prince of the blood, the son of a sovereign, or the issue of a royal family. The sons, brothers, and uncles of the sovereign are styled princes of the blood royal; and the daughters, sisters, and aunts are princesses of the blood royal.

BLOOD
Blood, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blooded; p. pr. & vb. n. Blooding.]

1. To bleed. [Obs.] Cowper.

2. To stain, smear or wet, with blood. [Archaic] Reach out their spears afar, And blood their points. Dryden.

3. To give (hounds or soldiers) a first taste or sight of blood, as
in hunting or war.
It was most important too that his troops should be blooded.
Macaulay.

4. To heat the blood of; to exasperate. [Obs.] The auxiliary forces of the French and English were much blooded one against another. Bacon.

BLOODBIRD
Blood"bird` (, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An Australian honeysucker (Myzomela sanguineolata); — so called from the bright red color of the male bird.

BLOOD-BOLTERED
Blood"-bol`tered, a. Etym: [Blood + Prov. E. bolter to mat in tufts.
Cf. Balter.]

Defn: Having the hair matted with clotted blood. [Obs. & R.]
The blood-boltered Banquo smiles upon me. Shak.

BLOODED
Blood"ed, a.

Defn: Having pure blood, or a large admixture or pure blood; of approved breed; of the best stock.

Note: Used also in composition in phrases indicating a particular condition or quality of blood; as, cold-blooded; warm-blooded.

BLOODFLOWER
Blood"flow`er, n. Etym: [From the color of the flower.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of bulbous plants, natives of Southern Africa, named Hæmanthus, of the Amaryllis family. The juice of H. toxicarius is used by the Hottentots to poison their arrows.

BLOODGUILTY
Blood"guilt`y, a.

Defn: Guilty of murder or bloodshed. "A bloodguilty life." Fairfax.
— Blood"guilt`i*ness (, n.
— Blood"guilt`less, a.

BLOODHOUND
Blood"hound` (, n.

Defn: A breed of large and powerful dogs, with long, smooth, and pendulous ears, and remarkable for acuteness of smell. It is employed to recover game or prey which has escaped wounded from a hunter, and for tracking criminals. Formerly it was used for pursuing runaway slaves. Other varieties of dog are often used for the same purpose and go by the same name. The Cuban bloodhound is said to be a variety of the mastiff.

BLOODILY
Blood"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a bloody manner; cruelly; with a disposition to shed blood.

BLOODINESS
Blood"i*ness, n.

1. The state of being bloody.

2. Disposition to shed blood; bloodthirstiness. All that bloodiness and savage cruelty which was in our nature. Holland.

BLOODLESS
Blood"less, a. Etym: [AS. bl.]

1. Destitute of blood, or apparently so; as, bloodless cheeks; lifeless; dead. The bloodless carcass of my Hector sold. Dryden.

2. Not attended with shedding of blood, or slaughter; as, a bloodless victory. Froude.

3. Without spirit or activity.
Thou bloodless remnant of that royal blood ! Shak.
— Blood"less*ly, adv.
— Blood"less*ness, n.

BLOODLET
Blood"let` (, v. t. Etym: [AS. bl; bl blood + l to let.]

Defn: bleed; to let blood. Arbuthnot.

BLOODLETTER
Blood"let`ter, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, lets blood; a phlebotomist.

BLOODLETTING
Blood"let`ting, n. (Med.)

Defn: The act or process of letting blood or bleeding, as by opening a vein or artery, or by cupping or leeches; — esp. applied to venesection.

BLOOD MONEY
Blood" mon`ey.

1. Money paid to the next of kin of a person who has been killed by another.

2. Money obtained as the price, or at the cost, of another's life; — said of a reward for supporting a capital charge, of money obtained for betraying a fugitive or for committing murder, or of money obtained from the sale of that which will destroy the purchaser.

BLOODROOT
Blood"root` (, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant (Sanguinaria Canadensis), with a red root and red sap, and bearing a pretty, white flower in early spring; — called also puccoon, redroot, bloodwort, tetterwort, turmeric, and Indian paint. It has acrid emetic properties, and the rootstock is used as a stimulant expectorant. See Sanguinaria.

Note: In England the name is given to the tormentil, once used as a remedy for dysentery.

BLOODSHED
Blood"shed` (, n. Etym: [Blood + shed]

Defn: The shedding or spilling of blood; slaughter; the act of shedding human blood, or taking life, as in war, riot, or murder.

BLOODSHEDDER
Blood"shed`der, n.

Defn: One who sheds blood; a manslayer; a murderer.

BLOODSHEDDING
Blood"shed`ding, n.

Defn: Bloodshed. Shak.

BLOODSHOT
Blood"shot` (, a. Etym: [Blood + shot, p. p. of shoot to variegate.]

Defn: Red and inflamed; suffused with blood, or having the vessels turgid with blood, as when the conjunctiva is inflamed or irritated. His eyes were bloodshot, . . . and his hair disheveled. Dickens.

BLOOD-SHOTTEN
Blood"-shot`ten, a.

Defn: Bloodshot. [Obs.]

BLOODSTICK
Blood"stick", n. (Far.)

Defn: A piece of hard wood loaded at one end with lead, and used to strike the fleam into the vein. Youatt.

BLOODSTONE Blood"stone` (, n. (Min.) (a) A green siliceous stone sprinkled with red jasper, as if with blood; hence the name; — called also heliotrope. (b) Hematite, an ore of iron yielding a blood red powder or "streak."

BLOODSTROKE
Blood"stroke` (, n. Etym: [Cf. F. coup de sang.]

Defn: Loss of sensation and motion from hemorrhage or congestion in the brain. Dunglison.

BLOODSUCKER
Blood"suck`er, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any animal that sucks blood; esp., the leech (Hirudo medicinalis), and related species.

2. One who sheds blood; a cruel, bloodthirsty man; one guilty of bloodshed; a murderer. [Obs.] Shak.

3. A hard and exacting master, landlord, or money lender; an extortioner.

BLOODTHIRSTY
Blood"thirst`y, a.

Defn: Eager to shed blood; cruel; sanguinary; murderous.
— Blood"thirst`i*ness (n.

BLOODULF
Blood"ulf, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European bullfinch.

BLOOD VESSEL
Blood" ves`sel. (Anat.)

Defn: Any vessel or canal in which blood circulates in an animal, as an artery or vein.

BLOODWITE; BLOODWIT Blood"wite`, Blood"wit` (, n. Etym: [AS. bl; bl blood, + wite wite, fine.] (Anc. Law)

Defn: A fine or amercement paid as a composition for the shedding of blood; also, a riot wherein blood was spilled.

BLOODWOOD
Blood"wood, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A tree having the wood or the sap of the color of blood.

Note: Norfolk Island bloodwood is a euphorbiaceous tree (Baloghia lucida), from which the sap is collected for use as a plant. Various other trees have the name, chiefly on account of the color of the wood, as Gordonia Hæmatoxylon of Jamaica, and several species of Australian Eucalyptus; also the true logwood ( Hæmatoxylon campechianum).

BLOODWORT
Blood"wort` (, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant, Rumex sanguineus, or bloody-veined dock. The name is applied also to bloodroot (Sanguinaria Canadensis), and to an extensive order of plants (Hæmodoraceæ), the roots of many species of which contain a red coloring matter useful in dyeing.

BLOODY
Blood"y, a. Etym: [AS. bl.]

1. Containing or resembling blood; of the nature of blood; as, bloody excretions; bloody sweat.

2. Smeared or stained with blood; as, bloody hands; a bloody handkerchief.

3. Given, or tending, to the shedding of blood; having a cruel, savage disposition; murderous; cruel. Some bloody passion shakes your very frame. Shak.

4. Attended with, or involving, bloodshed; sanguinary; esp., marked by great slaughter or cruelty; as, a bloody battle.

5. Infamous; contemptible; — variously used for mere emphasis or as a low epithet. [Vulgar] Thackeray.

BLOODY
Blood"y, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bloodied (; p. pr. & vb. n. Bloodying.]

Defn: To stain with blood. Overbury.

BLOODYBONES
Blood"y*bones` (, n.

Defn: A terrible bugbear.

BLOODY FLUX
Blood"y flux`.

Defn: The dysentery, a disease in which the flux or discharge from the bowels has a mixture of blood. Arbuthnot.

BLOODY HAND
Blood"y hand` (.

1. A hand stained with the blood of a deer, which, in the old forest laws of England, was sufficient evidence of a man's trespass in the forest against venison. Jacob.

2. (Her.)

Defn: A red hand, as in the arms of Ulster, which is now the distinguishing mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom.

BLOODY-MINDED
Blood"y-mind"ed, a.

Defn: Having a cruel, ferocious disposition; bloodthirsty. Dryden.

BLOODY SWEAT
Blood"y sweat` (.

Defn: A sweat accompanied by a discharge of blood; a disease, called sweating sickness, formerly prevalent in England and other countries.

BLOOM Bloom, n. Etym: [OE. blome, fr. Icel. bl, bl; akin to Sw. blom, Goth. bl, OS. bl, D. bloem, OHG. bluomo, bluoma, G. blume; fr. the same root as AS. bl to blow, blossom. See Blow to bloom, and cf. Blossom.]

1. A blossom; the flower of a plant; an expanded bud; flowers, collectively. The rich blooms of the tropics. Prescott.

2. The opening of flowers in general; the state of blossoming or of having the flowers open; as, the cherry trees are in bloom. "Sight of vernal bloom." Milton.

3. A state or time of beauty, freshness, and vigor; an opening to higher perfection, analogous to that of buds into blossoms; as, the bloom of youth. Every successive mother has transmitted a fainter bloom, a more delicate and briefer beauty. Hawthorne.

4. The delicate, powdery coating upon certain growing or newly- gathered fruits or leaves, as on grapes, plums, etc. Hence: Anything giving an appearance of attractive freshness; a flush; a glow. A new, fresh, brilliant world, with all the bloom upon it. Thackeray.

5. The clouded appearance which varnish sometimes takes upon the surface of a picture.

6. A yellowish deposit or powdery coating which appears on well- tanned leather. Knight.

7. (Min.)

Defn: A popular term for a bright-hued variety of some minerals; as, the rose-red cobalt bloom.

BLOOM
Bloom, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bloomed; p. pr. & vb. n. Blooming.]

1. To produce or yield blossoms; to blossom; to flower or be in flower. A flower which once In Paradise, fast by the tree of life, Began to bloom. Milton.

2. To be in a state of healthful, growing youth and vigor; to show beauty and freshness, as of flowers; to give promise, as by or with flowers. A better country blooms to view, Beneath a brighter sky. Logan.

BLOOM
Bloom, v. t.

1. To cause to blossom; to make flourish. [R.] Charitable affection bloomed them. Hooker.

2. To bestow a bloom upon; to make blooming or radiant. [R.] Milton. While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day. Keats.

BLOOM Bloom, n. Etym: [AS. bl a mass or lump, isenes bl a lump or wedge of iron.] (Metal.) (a) A mass of wrought iron from the Catalan forge or from the puddling furnace, deprived of its dross, and shaped usually in the form of an oblong block by shingling. (b) A large bar of steel formed directly from an ingot by hammering or rolling, being a preliminary shape for further working.

BLOOMARY
Bloom"a*ry, n.

Defn: See Bloomery.

BLOOMER Bloom"er, n. Etym: [From Mrs. Bloomer, an American, who sought to introduce this style of dress.]

1. A costume for women, consisting of a short dress, with loose trousers gathered round ankles, and (commonly) a broad-brimmed hat.

2. A woman who wears a Bloomer costume.

BLOOMERY
Bloom"er*y, n. (Manuf.)

Defn: A furnace and forge in which wrought iron in the form of blooms is made directly from the ore, or (more rarely) from cast iron.

BLOOMING
Bloom"ing, n. (Metal.)

Defn: The process of making blooms from the ore or from cast iron.

BLOOMING
Bloom"ing, a.

1. Opening in blossoms; flowering.

2. Thriving in health, beauty, and vigor; indicating the freshness and beauties of youth or health.

BLOOMINGLY
Bloom"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a blooming manner.

BLOOMINGNESS
Bloom"ing*ness, n.

Defn: A blooming condition.

BLOOMLESS
Bloom"less, a.

Defn: Without bloom or flowers. Shelley.

BLOOMY
Bloom"y, a.

1. Full of bloom; flowery; flourishing with the vigor of youth; as, a bloomy spray. But all the bloomy flush of life is fled. Goldsmith.

2. Covered with bloom, as fruit. Dryden.

BLOOTH
Blooth, n.

Defn: Bloom; a blossoming. [Prov. Eng.]
All that blooth means heavy autumn work for him and his hands. T.
Hardy.

BLORE Blore, n. Etym: [Perh. a variant of blare, v. i.; or cf. Gael. & Ir. blor a loud noise.]

Defn: The act of blowing; a roaring wind; a blast. [Obs.]
A most tempestuous blore. Chapman.

BLOSMY
Blos"my, a.

Defn: Blossomy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

BLOSSOM
Blos"som, n. Etym: [OE. blosme, blostme, AS. bl, bl, blossom; akin to
D. bloesem, L. fios, and E. flower; from the root of E. blow to
blossom. See Blow to blossom, and cf. Bloom a blossom.]

1. The flower of a plant, or the essential organs of reproduction, with their appendages; florescence; bloom; the flowers of a plant, collectively; as, the blossoms and fruit of a tree; an apple tree in blossom.

Note: The term has been applied by some botanists, and is also applied in common usage, to the corolla. It is more commonly used than flower or bloom, when we have reference to the fruit which is to succeed. Thus we use flowers when we speak of plants cultivated for ornament, and bloom in a more general sense, as of flowers in general, or in reference to the beauty of flowers. Blossoms flaunting in the eye of day. Longfellow.

2. A blooming period or stage of development; something lovely that gives rich promise. In the blossom of my youth. Massinger.

3. The color of a horse that has white hairs intermixed with sorrel and bay hairs; — otherwise called peach color. In blossom, having the blossoms open; in bloom.

BLOSSOM
Blos"som, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Blossomed; p. pr. & vb. n. Blossoming.]
Etym: [AS. bl. See Blossom, n.]

1. To put forth blossoms or flowers; to bloom; to blow; to flower. The moving whisper of huge trees that branched And blossomed. Tennyson.

2. To flourish and prosper. Israel shall blossom and bud, and full the face of the world with fruit. Isa. xxvii. 6.

BLOSSOMLESS
Blos"som*less, a.

Defn: Without blossoms.

BLOSSOMY
Blos"som*y, a.

Defn: Full of blossoms; flowery.

BLOT
Blot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Blotting.] Etym:
[Cf. Dan. plette. See 3d Blot.]

1. To spot, stain, or bespatter, as with ink. The brief was writ and blotted all with gore. Gascoigne.

2. To impair; to damage; to mar; to soil. It blots thy beauty, as frosts do bite the meads. Shak.

3. To stain with infamy; to disgrace. Blot not thy innocence with guiltless blood. Rowe.

4. To obliterate, as writing with ink; to cancel; to efface; — generally with out; as, to blot out a word or a sentence. Often figuratively; as, to blot out offenses. One act like this blots out a thousand crimes. Dryden.

5. To obscure; to eclipse; to shadow. He sung how earth blots the moon's gilded wane. Cowley.

6. To dry, as writing, with blotting paper.

Syn. — To obliterate; expunge; erase; efface; cancel; tarnish; disgrace; blur; sully; smear; smutch.

BLOT
Blot, v. i.

Defn: To take a blot; as, this paper blots easily.

BLOT
Blot, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. blettr, Dan. plet.]

1. A spot or stain, as of ink on paper; a blur. "Inky blots and rotten parchment bonds." Shak.

2. An obliteration of something written or printed; an erasure. Dryden.

3. A spot on reputation; a stain; a disgrace; a reproach; a blemish. This deadly blot in thy digressing son. Shak.

BLOT Blot, n. Etym: [Cf. Dan. blot bare, naked, Sw. blott, d. bloot, G. bloss, and perh. E. bloat.]

1. (Backgammon) (a) An exposure of a single man to be taken up. (b) A single man left on a point, exposed to be taken up. He is too great a master of his art to make a blot which may be so easily hit. Dryden.

2. A weak point; a failing; an exposed point or mark.

BLOTCH Blotch, n. Etym: [Cf. OE. blacche in blacchepot blacking pot, akin to black, as bleach is akin to bleak. See Black, a., or cf. Blot a spot.]

1. A blot or spot, as of color or of ink; especially a large or irregular spot. Also Fig.; as, a moral blotch. Spots and blotches . . . some red, others yellow. Harvey.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A large pustule, or a coarse eruption.
Foul scurf and blotches him defile. Thomson.

BLOTCHED
Blotched, a.

Defn: Marked or covered with blotches.
To give their blotched and blistered bodies ease. Drayton.

BLOTCHY
Blotch"y, a.

Defn: Having blotches.

BLOTE
Blote, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bloted; p. pr. & vb. n. Bloting.] Etym:
[Cf. Sw. blöt-fisk soaked fish, fr. blöta to soak. See 1st Bloat.]

Defn: To cure, as herrings, by salting and smoking them; to bloat.
[Obs.]

BLOTLESS
Blot"less, a.

Defn: Without blot.

BLOTTER
Blot"ter, n.

1. One who, or that which blots; esp. a device for absorbing superfluous ink.

2. (Com.)

Defn: A wastebook, in which entries of transactions are made as they take place.

BLOTTESQUE
Blot*tesque" (, a. (Painting)

Defn: Characterized by blots or heavy touches; coarsely depicted; wanting in delineation. Ruskin.

BLOTTING PAPER
Blot"ting pa`per.

Defn: A kind of thick, bibulous, unsized paper, used to absorb superfluous ink from freshly written manuscript, and thus prevent blots.

BLOUSE
Blouse, n. Etym: [F. blouse. Of unknown origin.]

Defn: A light, loose over-garment, like a smock frock, worn especially by workingmen in France; also, a loose coat of any material, as the undress uniform coat of the United States army.

BLOW Blow, v. i. [imp. Blew; p. p. Blown; p. pr. & vb. n. Blowing.] Etym: [OE. blowen, AS. bl to blossom; akin to OS. bl, D. bloeijen, OHG. pluojan, MHG. bl, G. blühen, L. florere to flourish, OIr. blath blossom. Cf. Blow to puff, Flourish.]

Defn: To flower; to blossom; to bloom.
How blows the citron grove. Milton.

BLOW
Blow, v. t.

Defn: To cause to blossom; to put forth (blossoms or flowers).
The odorous banks, that blow Flowers of more mingled hue. Milton.

BLOW
Blow, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A blossom; a flower; also, a state of blossoming; a mass of blossoms. "Such a blow of tulips." Tatler.

BLOW
Blow, n. Etym: [OE. blaw, blowe; cf. OHG. bliuwan, pliuwan, to beat,
G. bläuen, Goth. bliggwan.]

1. A forcible stroke with the hand, fist, or some instrument, as a rod, a club, an ax, or a sword. Well struck ! there was blow for blow. Shak.

2. A sudden or forcible act or effort; an assault. A vigorous blow might win [Hanno's camp]. T. Arnold.

3. The infliction of evil; a sudden calamity; something which produces mental, physical, or financial suffering or loss (esp. when sudden); a buffet. A most poor man, made tame to fortune's blows. Shak. At a blow, suddenly; at one effort; by a single vigorous act. "They lose a province at a blow." Dryden. — To come to blows, to engage in combat; to fight; — said of individuals, armies, and nations.

Syn.
— Stroke; knock; shock; misfortune.

BLOW
Blow, v. i. [imp. Blew; p. p. Blown; p. pr. & vb. n. Blowing.] Etym:
[OE. blawen, blowen, AS. bl to blow, as wind; akin to OHG. pl, G.
blähen, to blow up, swell, L. flare to blow, Gr. to spout out, and to
E. bladder, blast, inflate, etc., and perh. blow to bloom.]

1. To produce a current of air; to move, as air, esp. to move rapidly or with power; as, the wind blows. Hark how it rains and blows ! Walton.

2. To send forth a forcible current of air, as from the mouth or from a pair of bellows.

3. To breathe hard or quick; to pant; to puff. Here is Mistress Page at the door, sweating and blowing. Shak.

4. To sound on being blown into, as a trumpet. There let the pealing organ blow. Milton.

5. To spout water, etc., from the blowholes, as a whale.

6. To be carried or moved by the wind; as, the dust blows in from the street. The grass blows from their graves to thy own. M. Arnold.

7. To talk loudly; to boast; to storm. [Colloq.] You blow behind my back, but dare not say anything to my face. Bartlett. To blow hot and cold Etym: (a saying derived from a fable of , to favor a thing at one time and treat it coldly at another; or to appear both to favor and to oppose. — To blow off, to let steam escape through a passage provided for the purpose; as, the engine or steamer is blowing off. — To blow out. (a) To be driven out by the expansive force of a gas or vapor; as, a steam cock or valve sometimes blows out. (b) To talk violently or abusively. [Low] — To blow over, to pass away without effect; to cease, or be dissipated; as, the storm and the clouds have blown over. — To blow up, to be torn to pieces and thrown into the air as by an explosion of powder or gas or the expansive force of steam; to burst; to explode; as, a powder mill or steam boiler blows up. "The enemy's magazines blew up." Tatler.

BLOW
Blow, v. t.

1. To force a current of air upon with the mouth, or by other means; as, to blow the fire.

2. To drive by a current air; to impel; as, the tempest blew the ship
ashore.
Off at sea northeast winds blow Sabean odors from the spicy shore.
Milton.

3. To cause air to pass through by the action of the mouth, or otherwise; to cause to sound, as a wind instrument; as, to blow a trumpet; to blow an organ. Hath she no husband That will take pains to blow a horn before her Shak. Boy, blow the pipe until the bubble rise, Then cast it off to float upon the skies. Parnell.

4. To clear of contents by forcing air through; as, to blow an egg; to blow one's nose.

5. To burst, shatter, or destroy by an explosion; — usually with up, down, open, or similar adverb; as, to blow up a building.

6. To spread by report; to publish; to disclose. Through the court his courtesy was blown. Dryden. His language does his knowledge blow. Whiting.

7. To form by inflation; to swell by injecting air; as, to blow bubbles; to blow glass.

8. To inflate, as with pride; to puff up. Look how imagination blows him. Shak.

9. To put out of breath; to cause to blow from fatigue; as, to blow a horse. Sir W. Scott.

10. To deposit eggs or larvæ upon, or in (meat, etc.). To suffer The flesh fly blow my mouth. Shak. To blow great guns, to blow furiously and with roaring blasts; — said of the wind at sea or along the coast. — To blow off, to empty (a boiler) of water through the blow-off pipe, while under steam pressure; also, to eject (steam, water, sediment, etc.) from a boiler. — To blow one's own trumpet, to vaunt one's own exploits, or sound one's own praises. — To blow out, to extinguish by a current of air, as a candle. — To blow up. (a) To fill with air; to swell; as, to blow up a bladder or bubble. (b) To inflate, as with pride, self-conceit, etc.; to puff up; as, to blow one up with flattery. "Blown up with high conceits engendering pride." Milton. (c) To excite; as, to blow up a contention.(d) To burst, to raise into the air, or to scatter, by an explosion; as, to blow up a fort. (e) To scold violently; as, to blow up a person for some offense. [Colloq.] I have blown him up well — nobody can say I wink at what he does. G. Eliot. To blow upon. (a) To blast; to taint; to bring into discredit; to render stale, unsavory, or worthless. (b) To inform against. [Colloq.] How far the very custom of hearing anything spouted withers and blows upon a fine passage, may be seen in those speeches from [Shakespeare's] Henry V. which are current in the mouths of schoolboys. C. Lamb. A lady's maid whose character had been blown upon. Macaulay.

BLOW
Blow, n.

1. A blowing, esp., a violent blowing of the wind; a gale; as, a heavy blow came on, and the ship put back to port.

2. The act of forcing air from the mouth, or through or from some instrument; as, to give a hard blow on a whistle or horn; to give the fire a blow with the bellows.

3. The spouting of a whale.

4. (Metal.)

Defn: A single heat or operation of the Bessemer converter. Raymond.

5. An egg, or a larva, deposited by a fly on or in flesh, or the act of depositing it. Chapman.

BLOWBALL
Blow"ball` (, n.

Defn: The downy seed head of a dandelion, which children delight to blow away. B. Jonson.

BLOWEN; BLOWESS
Blow"en, Blow"ess, n.

Defn: A prostitute; a courtesan; a strumpet. [Low] Smart.

BLOWER
Blow"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, blows.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: A device for producing a current of air; as: (a) A metal plate temporarily placed before the upper part of a grate or open fire. (b) A machine for producing an artificial blast or current of air by pressure, as for increasing the draft of a furnace, ventilating a building or shaft, cleansing gram, etc.

3. A blowing out or excessive discharge of gas from a hole or fissure in a mine.

4. The whale; — so called by seamen, from the circumstance of its spouting up a column of water.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small fish of the Atlantic coast (Tetrodon turgidus); the puffer.

6. A braggart, or loud talker. [Slang] Bartlett.

BLOWFLY
Blow"fly`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of fly of the genus Musca that deposits its eggs or young larvæ (called flyblows and maggots) upon meat or other animal products.

BLOWGUN
Blow"gun`, n.

Defn: A tube, as of cane or reed, sometimes twelve feet long, through which an arrow or other projectile may be impelled by the force of the breath. It is a weapon much used by certain Indians of America and the West Indies; — called also blowpipe, and blowtube. See Sumpitan.

BLOWHOLE
Blow"hole`, n.

1. A cavern in a cliff, at the water level, opening to the air at its farther extremity, so that the waters rush in with each surge and rise in a lofty jet from the extremity.

2. A nostril or spiracle in the top of the head of a whale or other cetacean.

Note: There are two spiracles or blowholes in the common whales, but only one in sperm whales, porpoises, etc.

3. A hole in the ice to which whales, seals, etc., come to breathe.

4. (Founding)

Defn: An air hole in a casting.

BLOWN
Blown, p. p. & a.

1. Swollen; inflated; distended; puffed up, as cattle when gorged with green food which develops gas.

2. Stale; worthless.

3. Out of breath; tired; exhausted. "Their horses much blown." Sir W. Scott.

4. Covered with the eggs and larvæ of flies; fly blown.

BLOWN
Blown, p. p. & a.

Defn: Opened; in blossom or having blossomed, as a flower. Shak.

BLOW-OFF
Blow"-off` (, n.

1. A blowing off steam, water, etc.; — Also, adj.

Defn: as, a blow-off cock or pipe.

2. An outburst of temper or excitement. [Colloq.]

BLOW-OUT
Blow"-out` (, n.

Defn: The cleaning of the flues of a boiler from scale, etc., by a blast of steam.

BLOWPIPE
Blow"pipe` (, n.

1. A tube for directing a jet of air into a fire or into the flame of a lamp or candle, so as to concentrate the heat on some object.

Note: It is called a mouth blowpipe when used with the mouth; but for both chemical and industrial purposes, it is often worked by a bellows or other contrivance. The common mouth blowpipe is a tapering tube with a very small orifice at the end to be inserted in the flame. The oxyhydrogen blowpipe, invented by Dr. Hare in 1801, is an instrument in which oxygen and hydrogen, taken from separate reservoirs, in the proportions of two volumes of hydrogen to one of oxygen, are burned in a jet, under pressure. It gives a heat that will consume the diamond, fuse platinum, and dissipate in vapor, or in gaseous forms, most known substances.

2. A blowgun; a blowtube. Blowpipe analysis (Chem.), analysis by means of the blowpipe. — Blowpipe reaction (Chem.), the characteristic behavior of a substance subjected to a test by means of the blowpipe.

BLOWPOINT
Blow"point` (, n.

Defn: A child's game. [Obs.]

BLOWSE
Blowse, n.

Defn: See Blowze.

BLOWTH
Blowth, n. Etym: [From Blow to blossom: cf. Growth.]

Defn: A blossoming; a bloom. [Obs. or Archaic] "In the blowth and bud." Sir W. Raleigh.

BLOWTUBE
Blow"tube`, n.

1. A blowgun. Tylor.

2. A similar instrument, commonly of tin, used by boys for discharging paper wads and other light missiles.

3. (Glassmaking)

Defn: A long wrought iron tube, on the end of which the workman gathers a quantity of "metal" (melted glass), and through which he blows to expand or shape it; — called also blowing tube, and blowpipe.

BLOW VALVE
Blow" valve` (. (Mach.)

Defn: See Snifting valve.

BLOWY
Blow"y, a.

Defn: Windy; as, blowy weather; a blowy upland.

BLOWZE
Blowze, n. Etym: [Prob. from the same root as blush.]

Defn: A ruddy, fat-faced woman; a wench. [Obs.] Shak.

BLOWZED
Blowzed, a.

Defn: Having high color from exposure to the weather; ruddy-faced;
blowzy; disordered.
Huge women blowzed with health and wind. Tennyson.

BLOWZY
Blowz"y, a.

Defn: Coarse and ruddy-faced; fat and ruddy; high colored; frowzy.

BLUB
Blub, v. t. & i. Etym: [Cf. Bleb, Blob.]

Defn: To swell; to puff out, as with weeping. [Obs.]

BLUBBER
Blub"ber, n. Etym: [See Blobber, Blob, Bleb.]

1. A bubble. At his mouth a blubber stood of foam. Henryson.

2. The fat of whales and other large sea animals from which oil is obtained. It lies immediately under the skin and over the muscular flesh.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large sea nettle or medusa.

BLUBBER
Blub"ber, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Blubbered; p. pr. & vb. n. Blubbering.]

Defn: To weep noisily, or so as to disfigure the face; to cry in a
childish manner.
She wept, she blubbered, and she tore her hair. Swift.

BLUBBER
Blub"ber, v. t.

1. To swell or disfigure (the face) with weeping; to wet with tears. Dear Cloe, how blubbered is that pretty face! Prior.

2. To give vent to (tears) or utter (broken words or cries); — with forth or out.

BLUBBERED
Blub"bered, p. p. & a.