Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) (part 5)

Box¶en (?), a. Made of boxwood; pertaining to, or resembling, the box (Buxus). [R.]
The faded hue of sapless boxen leaves.
Dryden.
Box¶er (?),n. One who packs boxes.
Box¶er ,n. One who boxes; a pugilist.
Box¶fish·ÿ(?), n. (Zo”l.) The trunkfish.
Box¶haul· (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Boxhauled (?).] (Naut.) To put (a vessel) on the other tack by veering her short round on her heel; Ð so called from the circumstance of bracing the head yards abox (i. e., sharp aback, on the wind).
Totten.
Box¶haul·ing, n. (Naut.) A method of going from one tack to another. See Boxhaul.
Box¶ing, n. 1. The act of inclosing (anything) in a box, as for storage or transportation.
2. Material used in making boxes or casings.
3. Any boxlike inclosure or recess; a casing.
4. (Arch.) The external case of thin material used to bring any member to a required form.
Box¶ing, n. The act of fighting with the fist; a combat with the fist; sparring.
Blackstone.
Boxing glove, a large padded mitten or glove used in sparring for exercise or amusement.
Box¶Ði·ronÿ(?), n. A hollow smoothing iron containing a heater within.
Box¶keep·er (?), n. An attendant at a theater who has charge of the boxes.
Box¶thorn· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Lycium, esp. Lycium barbarum.
Box¶wood· (?), n. The wood of the box (Buxus).
Boy (?), n. [Cf. D. boef, Fries. boi, boy; akin to G. bube, Icel. bofi rouge.] A male child, from birth to the age of puberty; a lad; hence, a son.
My only boy fell by the side of great Dundee.
Sir W. Scott.
µBoy is often used as a term of comradeship, as in college, or in the army or navy. In the plural used colloquially of members of an assosiaton, fraternity, or party.
Boy bishop, a boy (usually a chorister) elected bishop, in old Christian sports, and invested with robes and other insignia. He practiced a kind of mimicry of the ceremonies in which the bishop usually officiated. The Old Boy, the Devil. [Slang] Ð Yellow boys, guineas. [Slang, Eng.] Ð Boy's love, a popular English name of Southernwood (Artemisia abrotonum);) Ð called also lad's love. Ð Boy's play, childish amusements; anything trifling.
Boy, v. t. To act as a boy; Ð in allusion to the former practice of boys acting women's parts on the stage.
I shall see
Some squeaking Cleopatra boy my greatness.
Shak.
BoÐyar¶ (?), BoÐyard¶ (?), n. [Russ. boi rin'.] A member of a Russian aristocratic order abolished by Peter the Great. Also, one of a privileged class in Roumania.
µ English writers sometimes call Russian landed proprietors boyars.
Ø Boy¶au (?), n.; pl. Boyaux or Boyaus (?). [F. boyau gut, a long and narrow place, and (of trenches) a branch. See Bowel.] (Fort.) A winding or zigzag trench forming a path or communication from one siegework to another, to a magazine, etc.
Boy¶cott· (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Boycotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Boycotting.] [From Captain Boycott, a land agent in Mayo, Ireland, so treated in 1880.] To combine against (a landlord, tradesman, employer, or other person), to withhold social or business relations from him, and to deter other from holding such relations; to subject to a boycott.
Boy¶cott, n. The process, fact, or pressure of boycotting; a combining to withhold or prevent dealing or social intercourse with a tradesman, employer, etc.; social and business interdiction for the purpose of coercion.
Boy¶cott·er (?), n. A participant in boycotting.
Boy¶cottÐism (?), n. Methods of boycotters.
Boy¶deÐkin (?), n. A dagger; a bodkin. [Obs.]
Boy¶er (?), n. [D. boeijer; Ð so called because these vessels were employed for laying the boeijen, or buoys: cf. F. boyer. See Buoy.] (Naut.) A Flemish sloop with a castle at each end.
Sir W. Raleigh.
Boy¶hood (?), n. [Boy + Ðhood.] The state of being a boy; the time during which one is a boy.
Hood.
Boy¶ish, a. Resembling a boy in a manners or opinions; belonging to a boy; childish; trifling; puerile.
A boyish, odd conceit.
Baillie.
Boy¶ishÐly, adv. In a boyish manner; like a boy.
Boy¶ishÐness, n. The manners or behavior of a boy.
Boy¶ism (?), n 1. Boyhood. [Obs.]
T.Warton.
2. The nature of a boy; childishness.
Dryden.
Boyle's¶ law·ÿ(?). See under Law.
Ø Bo¶za (?), n. [See Bosa.] An acidulated fermented drink of the Arabs and Egyptians, made from millet seed and various astringent substances; also, an intoxicating beverage made from hemp seed, darnel meal, and water. [Written also bosa, bozah, bouza.]
BraÐbant¶ine (?), a. Pertaining to Brabant, an ancient province of the Netherlands.
Brab¶ble (?), v.i. [D. brabbelen to talk confusedly. ?95. Cf. Blab, Babble.] To clamor; to contest noisily. [R.]
Brab¶ble, n. A broil; a noisy contest; a wrangle.
This petty brabble will undo us all.
Shak.
Brab¶bleÐment (?), n. A brabble. [r.]
Holland.
Brab¶blerÿ3, n. A clamorous, quarrelsome, noisy fellow; a wrangler. [R]
Shak.
Brac¶cate (?), a.[L. bracatus wearing breeches, fr. bracae breeches.] (Zo”l.) Furnished with feathers which conceal the feet.
Brace (?), n. [OF. brace, brasse, the two arms, embrace, fathom, F. brasse fathom, fr. L. bracchia the arms (stretched out), pl. of bracchium arm; cf. Gr. ?.] 1. That which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly; a bandage or a prop.
2. A cord, ligament, or rod, for producing or maintaining tension, as a cord on the side of a drum.
The little bones of the ear drum do in straining and relaxing it as the braces of the war drum do in that.
Derham.
3. The state of being braced or tight; tension.
The laxness of the tympanum, when it has lost its brace or tension.
Holder.
4. (Arch. & Engin.) A piece of material used to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell.
5. (Print.) A vertical curved line connecting two or more words or lines, which are to be taken together; thus, boll, bowl; or, in music, used to connect staves.
6. (Naut.) A rope reeved through a block at the end of a yard, by which the yard is moved horizontally; also, a rudder gudgeon.
7. (Mech.) A curved instrument or handle of iron or wood, for holding and turning bits, etc.; a bitstock.
8. A pair; a couple; as, a brace of ducks; now rarely applied to persons, except familiarly or with some contempt. ½A brace of greyhounds.¸
Shak.
He is said to have shot…fifty brace of pheasants.
Addison.
A brace of brethren, both bishops, both eminent for learning and religion, now appeared in the church.
Fuller.
But you, my brace of lords.
Shak.
9. pl. Straps or bands to sustain trousers; suspenders.
I embroidered for you a beautiful pair of braces.
Thackeray.
10. Harness; warlike preparation. [Obs.]
For that it stands not in such warlike brace.
Shak.
11. Armor for the arm; vantbrace.
12. (Mining) The mouth of a shaft. [Cornwall]
Angle brace. See under Angle.
Braceÿ(?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Braced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bracing.] 1. To furnish with braces; to support; to prop; as, to brace a beam in a building.
2. To draw tight; to tighten; to put in a state of tension; to strain; to strengthen; as, to brace the nerves.
And welcome war to brace her drums.
Campbell.
3. To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly.
The women of China, by bracing and binding them from their infancy, have very little feet.
Locke.
Some who spurs had first braced on.
Sir W. Scott.
4. To place in a position for resisting pressure; to hold firmly; as, he braced himself against the crowd.
A sturdy lance in his right hand he braced.
Fairfax.
5. (Naut.) To move around by means of braces; as, to brace the yards.
To brace about (Naut.), to turn (a yard) round for the contrary tack. ÐTo brace a yard (Naut.), to move it horizontally by means of a brace. Ð To brace in (Naut.), to turn (a yard) by hauling in the weather brace. Ð To brace one's self, to call up one's energies. ½He braced himself for an effort which he was little able to make.¸
J.D.Forbes.Ð To brace to (Naut.), to turn (a yard) by checking or easing off the lee brace, and hauling in the weather one, to assist in tacking. Ð To brace up (Naut.), to bring (a yard) nearer the direction of the keel by hauling in the lee brace. Ð To brace up sharp (Naut.), to turn (a yard) as far forward as the rigging will permit.
Brace, v.i. To get tone or vigor; to rouse one's energies; Ðwith up. [Colloq.]
Brace¶let (?), n. [F. bracelet, dim. of OF. bracel armlet, prop. little arm, dim. of bras arm, fr. L. bracchium. See Brace,n.] 1. An ornamental band or ring, for the wrist or the arm; in modern times, an ornament encircling the wrist, worn by women or girls.
2. A piece of defensive armor for the arm.
Johnson.
Bra¶cer (?), n. 1. That which braces, binds, or makes firm; a band or bandage.
2. A covering to protect the arm of the bowman from the vibration of the string; also, a brassart.
Chaucer.
3. A medicine, as an astringent or a tonic, which gives tension or tone to any part of the body.
Johnson.
Brach (?), n. [OE. brache a kind of scenting hound or setting dog, OF. brache, ? braque, fr. OHG. braccho, G. bracke; possibly akin to E. fragrant, fr. L. fragrare to smell.] A bitch of the hound kind.
Shak.
Ø BrachÐel¶yÐtra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (?) short + ? a covering.] (Zo”l.) A group of beetles having short elytra, as the rove beetles.
ØBrach¶iÐa (?), n. pl. See Brachium.
Brach¶iÐal (?) or (?), a. [L. brachialis (bracchÐ), from bracchium (bracchÐ) arm: cf. F. brachial.] 1. (Anat.) Pertaining or belonging to the arm; as, the brachial artery; the brachial nerve.
2. Of the nature of an arm; resembling an arm.
Ø Brach·iÐa¶ta (?), n. pl. [See Brachiate.] (Zo”l.) A division of the Crinoidea, including those furnished with long jointed arms. See Crinoidea.
Brach¶iÐateÿ(?), a. [L. brachiatus (bracchÐ) with boughs or branches like arms, from brackium (bracchÐ) arm.] (Bot.) Having branches in pairs, decussated, all nearly horizontal, and each pair at right angles with the next, as in the maple and lilac.
Brach·iÐog¶aÐnoid (?), n. One of the Brachioganoidei.
Ø Brach·iÐoÐgaÐnoid¶eÐi (?), n. pl.[NL., from L. brachium (bracchÐ) arm + NL. ganoidei.] (Zo”l.) An order of ganoid fishes of which the bichir of Africa is a living example. See Crossopterygii.
Ø Brach·iÐoÐla¶riÐaÿ(?), n. pl. [ NL., fr. L. brachiolum (bracchÐ), dim. of brachium (bracchÐ) arm.] (Zo”l.) A peculiar early larval stage of certain starfishes, having a bilateral structure, and swimming by means of bands of vibrating cilia.
Brach¶iÐoÐpodÿ(?), n. [Cf.F. brachiopode.] (Zo”l.) One of the Brachiopoda, or its shell.
Ø Brach·iÐop¶oÐda (?), n. [NL., from Gr. ? arm + Ðpoda.] (Zo”l.) A class of Molluscoidea having a symmetrical bivalve shell, often attached by a fleshy peduncle.
µ Within the shell is a pair of ½arms,¸ often long and spirally coiled, bearing rows of ciliated tentacles by which a current of water is made to flow into the mantle cavity, bringing the microscopic food to the mouth between the bases of the arms. The shell is both opened and closed by special muscles. They form two orders; Lyopoma, in which the shell is thin, and without a distinct hinge, as in Lingula; and Arthropoma, in which the firm calcareous shell has a regular hinge, as in Rhynchonella. See Arthropomata.
Ø Brach¶iÐum (?), n.; pl. Bracchiaÿ(?). [L. brachium or bracchium, arm.] (Anat.) The upper arm; the segment of the fore limb between the shoulder and the elbow.
Brach¶manÿ(?), n. [L. Brachmanae, pl., Gr. ?.] See Brahman. [Obs.]
Brach·yÐcat·aÐlec¶ticÿ(?), n. [Gr. ?; ? short + ? to leave off; cf. ? incomplete.] (Gr.& Last. Pros.) A verse wanting two syllables at its termination.
Brach·yÐceÐphal¶ic (?), Brach·yÐceph¶aÐlous (?)}, a. [Gr. ? short + ? head.] (Anat.) Having the skull short in proportion to its breadth; shortheaded; Ð in distinction from dolichocephalic.
Brach·yÐceph¶aÐly (?), Brach·yÐceph¶aÐlism (?)}, n. [Cf. F. Brachyc‚phalie]. (Anat.) The state or condition of being brachycephalic; shortness of head.
BraÐchyc¶erÐal (?), a. [Gr. ? short + ? horn.] (Zo”l.) Having short antenn‘, as certain insects.
Brach·yÐdiÐag¶oÐnal (?), a. [Gr. ? short + E. diagonal.] Pertaining to the shorter diagonal, as of a rhombic prism.
Brachydiagonal axis, the shorter lateral axis of an orthorhombic crystal.
Brach·yÐdiÐag¶oÐnal, n. The shorter of the diagonals in a rhombic prism.
Brach·yÐdomeÿ(?), n. [Gr. ? short + E. dome.] (Crystallog.) A dome parallel to the shorter lateral axis. See Dome.
BraÐchyg¶raÐpher (?), n. A writer in short hand; a stenographer.
He asked the brachygrapher whether he wrote the notes of the sermon.
Gayton.
BraÐchyg¶raÐphyÿ(?), n. [Gr. ? short + Ðgraphy: cf. F. brachygraphie.] Stenograhy.
B.Jonson.
BraÐchyl¶oÐgyÿ(?), n. [Gr. ? :? short + ? discourse: cf. F. brachylogie.] ( Rhet.) Conciseness of expression; brevity.
Brach·yÐpin¶aÐcoid (?), n. [Gr. ? short + E. pinacoid.] (Crytallog.) A plane of an orthorhombic crystal which is parallel both to the vertical axis and to the shorter lateral (brachydiagonal) axis.
Ø BraÐchyp¶teÐraÿ(?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? shortÐwinged; short + ? feather, wing.] (Zo”l.) A group of Coleoptera having short wings; the rove beetles.
Ø BraÐchyp¶teÐres (?), n.pl. [NL. See Brachyptera. ] (Zo”l.) A group of birds, including auks, divers, and penguins.
BraÐchyp¶terÐous (?), a. [Gr. ? :cf. F. brachyptŠre.] (Zo”l.) Having short wings.
BraÐchys¶toÐchrone (?), n. [Incorrect for brachistochrone, fr. Gr. ? shortest (superl. of ? short) + ? time : cf. F. brachistochrone. ] (Math.) A curve, in which a body, starting from a given point, and descending solely by the force of gravity, will reach another given point in a shorter time than it could by any other path. This curve of quickest descent, as it is sometimes called, is, in a vacuum, the same as the cycloid.
Brach¶yÐty·pous (?), a. [Gr. ? short + ? stamp, form.] (Min.) Of a short form.
Ø Brach·yÐu¶raÿ(?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? short + ? tail.] (Zo”l.) A group of decapod Crustacea, including the common crabs, characterized by a small and short abdomen, which is bent up beneath the large cephaloÐthorax. [Also spelt Brachyoura.] See Crab, and Illustration in Appendix.
Brach·yÐu¶ralÿ(?), Brach·yÐu¶rous (?)}, a. [Cf. F. brachyure.] (Zo”l.) Of or pertaining to the Brachyura.
Brach·yÐu¶ran (?), n. One of the Brachyura.
Bra¶cing (?), a. Imparting strength or tone; strengthening; invigorating; as, a bracing north wind.
Bra¶cing (?), n. 1. The act of strengthening, supporting, or propping, with a brace or braces; the state of being braced.
2. (Engin.) Any system of braces; braces, collectively; as, the bracing of a truss.

<— p. 174 —>

Brack (?), n. [Cf.D. braak, Dan. br‘k, a breaking, Sw. & Isel. brak a crackling, creaking. Cf. Breach.]
An opening caused by the parting of any solid body; a crack or breach; a flaw.
Stain or brack in her sweet reputation.
J.Fletcher.
Brack, n. [D. brak, adj., salt; cf. LG. wrak refuse, G. brack.] Salt or brackish water. [Obs.]
Drayton.
Brack¶en (?), n. [OE. braken, AS. bracce. See 2d Brake, n.] A brake or fern.
Sir W.Scott.
Brack¶et (?), n. [Cf.OF. braguette codpiece, F. brayette, Sp. bragueta, also a projecting mold in architecture; dim. fr.L. bracae breeches; cf. also, OF. bracon beam, prop, support; of unknown origin. Cf. Breeches.]
1. (Arch.) An architectural member, plain or ornamental, projecting from a wall or pier, to support weight falling outside of the same; also, a decorative feature seeming to discharge such an office.
µ This is the more general word. See Brace, Cantalever, Console, Corbel, Strut.
2. (Engin. & Mech.) A piece or combination of pieces, usually triangular in general shape, projecting from, or fastened to, a wall, or other surface, to support heavy bodies or to strengthen angles.
3. (Naut.) A shot, crooked timber, resembling a knee, used as a support.
4. (Mil.) The cheek or side of an ordnance carriage.
5. (Print.) One of two characters ?, used to inclose a reference, explanation, or note, or a part to be excluded from a sentence, to indicate an interpolation, to rectify a mistake, or to supply an omission, and for certain other purposes; Ð called also crotchet.
6. A gas fixture or lamp holder projecting from the face of a wall, column, or the like.
Bracket light, a gas fixture or a lamp attached to a wall, column, etc.
Brack¶et, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bracketed; p.pr. & vb.n. Bracketing] To place within brackets; to connect by brackets; to furnish with brackets.
Brack¶etÏing, n. (Arch.) A series or group of brackets; brackets, collectively.
Brack¶ish (?), a. [See Brack salt water.] Saltish, or salt in a moderate degree, as water in saline soil.
Springs in deserts found seem sweet, all brackish though they be.
Byron.
Brack¶ishÏness, n. The quality or state of being brackish, or somewhat salt.
Brack¶y (?), a. Brackish.
Drayton.
Bract (?), n. [See Bractea.] (Bot.) (a) A leaf, usually smaller than the true leaves of a plant, from the axil of which a flower stalk arises. (b) Any modified leaf, or scale, on a flower stalk or at the base of a flower.
µ Bracts are often inconspicuous, but sometimes large and showy, or highly colored, as in many cactaceous plants. The spathes of aroid plants are conspicuous forms of bracts.
ØBrac¶teÏa (?), n. [L., a thin plate of metal or wood, gold foil.] (Bot.) A bract.
Brac¶teÏal (?), a. [Cf.F. bract‚al.] Having the nature or appearance of a bract.
Brac¶teÏate (?), a. [Cf.L. bracteatus covered with gold plate.] (Bot.) Having a bract or bracts.
Bract¶ed (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with bracts.
Brac¶teÏoÏlate (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with bracteoles or bractlets.
Brac¶teÏole (?), n. [L. bracteola, dim. of bractea. See Bractea.] (Bot.) Same as Bractlet.
Bract¶less, a. (Bot.) Destitute of bracts.
Bract¶let (?), n. [Bract + Ðlet] (Bot.) A bract on the stalk of a single flower, which is itself on a main stalk that support several flowers.
Gray.
Brad (?), n. [Cf.OE. brod, Dan. braad prick, sting, brodde ice spur, frost nail, Sw. brodd frost nail, Icel. broddr any pointed piece of iron or stell; akin to AS. brord point, spire of grass, and perh. to E. bristle. See Bristle, n.]
A thin nail, usually small, with a slight projection at the top on one side instead of a head; also, a small wire nail, with a flat circular head; sometimes, a small, tapering, squareÐbodied finishing nail, with a countersunk head.
Brad¶ awl· (?). A straight awl with chisel edge, used to make holes for brads, etc.
Weale.
BraÏdoon¶ (?), n. Same as Bridoon.
ØBrae (?), n. [See Bray a hill.] A hillside; a slope; a bank; a hill. [Scot.]
Burns.
Brag (?), v.i. [imp. & p. p. Bragged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bragging.] [OE. braggen to resound, blow, boast (cf. F. braguer to lead a merry life, flaunt, boast, OF. brague merriment), from Icel. braka to creak, brak noise, fr. the same root as E. break; properly then, to make a noise, boast. ?95.] To talk about one's self, or things pertaining to one's self, in a manner intended to excite admiration, envy, or wonder; to talk boastfully; to boast; Ð often followed by of; as, to brag of one's exploits, courage, or money, or of the great things one intends to do.
Coinceit, more rich in matter than in words,
Brags of his substance, not of ornament.
Shak.
Syn. Ð To swagger; boast; vapor; bluster; vaunt; flourish; talk big.
Brag, v.t. To boast of. [Obs.]
Shak.
Brag, n.
1. A boast or boasting; bragging; ostentatious pretense or self glorification.
C‘sar … made not here his brag
Of ½came,¸ and ½saw,¸ and ½overcame.¸
Shak.
2. The thing which is boasted of.
Beauty is Nature's brag.
Milton.
3. A game at cards similar to bluff.
Chesterfield.
Brag (?), a. [See Brag, v.i.] Brisk; full of spirits; boasting; pretentious; conceited. [Arhaic]
A brag young fellow.
B.Jonson.
Brag, adv. Proudly; boastfully. [Obs.]
Fuller.
Brag·gaÏdo¶cio (?), n. [From Braggadocchio, a boastful character in Spenser's ½Fa‰rie Queene.¸]
1. A braggart; a boaster; a swaggerer.
Dryden.
2. Empty boasting; mere brag; pretension.
Brag¶gardÏism (?), n. [See Braggart.] Boastfulness; act of bragging.
Shak.
Brag¶gart (?), n. [OF. bragard flaunting, vain, bragging. See Brag, v.i.] A boaster.
O, I could play the woman with mine eyes,
And braggart with my tongue.
Shak.
Brag¶gart, a. Boastful.Ð Brag¶gartÏly, adv.
Brag¶ger (?), n. One who brags; a boaster.
Brag¶get (?), n. [OE. braket, bragot, fr. W. bragawd, bragod, fr. brag malt.] A liquor made of ale and honey fermented, with spices, etc. [Obs.]
B.Jonson.

Brag¶ging·ly (?), adv. Boastingly.
Brag¶less, a. Without bragging. [R.]
Shak.
Brag¶ly, adv. In a manner to be bragged of; finely; proudly. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Brah¶ma (?), n. [See Brahman.]
1. (Hindoo Myth.) The One First Cause; also, one of the triad of Hindoo gods. The triad consists of Brahma, the Creator, Vishnu, the Preserver, and Siva, the Destroyer.
µ According to the Hindoo religious books, Brahma (with the final a short), or Brahm, is the Divine Essence, the One First Cause, the All in All, while the personal gods, Brahm (with the final a long), Vishnu, and Siva, are emanations or manifestations of Brahma the Divine Essence.
2. (Zo”l.) A valuable variety of large, domestic fowl, peculiar in having the comb divided lengthwise into three parts, and the legs well feathered. There are two breeds, the dark or penciled, and the light; Ð called also Brahmapootra.
Brah¶man (?), Brah¶min (?), } n.; pl. Brahmans, Brahmins. [Skr. Br¾hmana (cf. Brahman 0worship, holiness; the God Brahma, also Brahman): cf. F. Brahmane, Brachmane, Bramine, L. Brachmanae, Ðmanes, Ðmani, pl., Gr. ?, pl.] A person of the highest or sacerdotal caste among the Hindoos.
Brahman bull (Zo”l.), the male of a variety of the zebu, or Indian ox, considered sacred by the Hindoos.
Brah¶manÏess (?), n. A Brahmani.
Brah¶manÏi (?), n. [Fem. of Brahman.] Any Brahman woman. [Written also Brahmanee.]
BrahÏman¶ic (?), ÏicÏal (?), BrahÏmin¶Ïic (?),ÏicÏal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Brahmans or to their doctrines and worship.
Brah¶manÏism (?), Brah¶minÏism (?), } n. The religion or system of doctrines of the Brahmans; the religion of Brahma.
Brah¶manÏist (?), Brah¶minÏist (?), } n. An adherent of the religion of the Brahmans.
Brah¶moÏism (?), n. The religious system of BrahmoÐsomaj.
Balfour.

Brah·moÐsoÏmaj¶ (?), n. [Bengalese, a wor?hiping assembly.] A modern reforming theistic sect among the Hindos. [Written also BrahmaÐsamaj.]
Braid (?), v.t. [imp. &. p.p. Braided; p. pr. & vb. n. Braiding.] [ OE. braiden, breiden, to pull, reach, braid, AS. bregdan to move to and fro, to weave; akin. to Icel. breg?a, D. breiden to knit, OS. bregdan to weave, OHG. brettan to brandish. Cf. Broid.]
1. To weave, interlace, or entwine together, as three or more strands or threads; to form into a braid; to plait.
Braid your locks with rosy twine.
Milton.
2. To mingle, or to bring to a uniformly soft consistence, by beating, rubbing, or straining, as in some culinary operations.
3. To reproach. [Obs.] See Upbraid.
Shak.
Braid (?), n. 1. A plait, band, or narrow fabric formed by intertwining or weaving together different strands.
A braid of hair composed of two different colors twined together.
Scott.
2. A narrow fabric, as of wool, silk, or linen, used for binding, trimming, or ornamenting dresses, etc.
Braid, n. [Cf.Icel. breg?a to move quickly.]
1. A quick motion; a start. [Obs.]
Sackville.
2. A fancy; freak; caprice. [Obs.]
R.Hyrde.
Braid v.i. To start; to awake. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Braid, a. [AS. br‘d, bred, deceit; akin to Icel. brag? trick, AS. bredan, bregdan, to braid, knit, (hence) to knit a net, to draw into a net, i.e., to deceive. See Braid, v.t.] Deceitful. [Obs.]
Since Frenchmen are so braid,
Marry that will, I live and die a maid.
Shak.
Braid¶ing, n. 1. The act of making or using braids.
2. Braids, collectively; trimming.
A gentleman enveloped in mustachios, whiskers, fur collars, and braiding.
Thackeray.
Brail (?), n. [OE. brayle furling rope, OF. braiol a band placed around the breeches, fr.F. braies, pl., breeches, fr.L. braca, bracae, breeches, a Gallic word; cf. Arm. bragez. Cf. Breeches.]
1. (Falconry) A thong of soft leather to bind up a hawk's wing.
2. pl. (Naut.) Ropes passing through pulleys, and used to haul in or up the leeches, bottoms, or corners of sails, preparatory to furling.
3. A stock at each end of a seine to keep it stretched.
Brail, v.t. (Naut.) To haul up by the brails; Ð used with up; as, to brail up a sail.
Brain (?), n. [OE. brain, brein, AS. bragen, br‘gen; akin to LG. br„gen, bregen, D. brein, and perh. to Gr. ?, the upper part of head, if ? =? ? 95.]
1. (Anat.) The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of vertebrate animals. It is simply the anterior termination of the spinal cord, and is developed from three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are connected with the central canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles become the central cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally and become the three segments, the foreÐ, midÐ, and hindÐbrain.
µ In the brain of man the cerebral lobes, or largest part of the forebrain, are enormously developed so as to overhang the cerebellum, the great lobe of the hindbrain, and completely cover the lobes of the midbrain. The surface of the cerebrum is divided into irregular ridges, or convolutions, separated by grooves (the soÐcalled fissures and sulci), and the two hemispheres are connected at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure by a great transverse band of nervous matter, the corpus callosum, while the two halves of the cerebellum are connected on the under side of the brain by the bridge, or pons Varolii.
2. (Zo”l.) The anterior or cephalic ganglion in insects and other invertebrates.
3. The organ or seat of intellect; hence, the understanding. ½ My brain is too dull.¸
Sir W.Scott.
µ In this sense, often used in the plural.
4. The affections; fancy; imagination. [R.]
Shak.
To have on the brain, to have constantly in one's thoughts, as a sort of monomania. [Low]
Brain box or case, the bony on cartilaginous case inclosing the brain. Ð Brain coral, Brain stone coral (Zo”l), a massive reefÐbuilding coral having the surface covered by ridges separated by furrows so as to resemble somewhat the surface of the brain, esp. such corals of the genera M‘andrina and Diploria. Ð Brain fag (Med.), brain weariness. See Cerebropathy.Ð Brain fever (Med.), fever in which the brain is specially affected; any acute cerebral affection attended by fever. Ð Brain sand, calcareous matter found in the pineal gland.
Brain (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brained (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Braining.]
1. To dash out the brains of; to kill by beating out the brains. Hence, Fig.: To destroy; to put an end to; to defeat.
There thou mayst brain him.
Shak.
It was the swift celerity of the death …
That brained my purpose.
Shak.

2. To conceive; to understand. [Obs.]
?T is still a dream, or else such stuff as madmen
Tongue, and brain not.
Shak.
Brained (?), p.a. Supplied with brains.
If th' other two be brained like us.
Shak.
Brain¶ish, a. HotÐheaded; furious. [R.]
Shak.
Brain¶less, a. Without understanding; silly; thougthless; witless. Ð Brain¶lessÏness, n.
Brain¶pan· (?), n. [Brain + pan.] The bones which inclose the brain; the skull; the cranium.
Brain¶sick· (?), a. Disordered in the understanding; giddy; thoughtless. Ð Brain¶sickÏness, a.
Brain¶sick·ly, adv. In a brainsick manner.
Brain¶y (?), a. Having an active or vigorous mind. [Colloq.]
Braise, Braize (?), n. [So called from its iridescent colors.] (Zo”l.) A European marine fish (Pagrus vulgaris) allied to the American scup; the becker. The name is sometimes applied to the related species. [Also written brazier.]
Braise, Braize, n. [F.] 1. Charcoal powder; breeze.
2. (Cookery) Braised meat.
Braise, v.t. [F. braiser, fr. braise coals.] (Cookery) To stew or broil in a covered kettle or pan.
A braising kettle has a deep cover which holds coals; consequently the cooking is done from above, as well as below.
Mrs. Henderson.

Brais¶er (?), n. A kettle or pan for braising.
Brait (?), n. [Cf.W. braith variegated, Ir. breath, breagh, fine, comely.] A rough diamond.
Braize (?), n. See Braise.
Brake (?), imp. of Break. [Arhaic]
Tennyson.
Brake, n. [OE. brake fern; cf. AS. bracce fern, LG. brake willow bush, Da. bregne fern, G. brach fallow; prob. orig. the growth on rough, broken ground, fr. the root of E. break. See Break, v.t., cf. Bracken, and 2d Brake, n.]
1. (Bot.) A fern of the genus Pteris, esp. the P. aquilina, common in almost all countries. It has solitary stems dividing into three principal branches. Less properly: Any fern.
2. A thicket; a place overgrown with shrubs and brambles, with undergrowth and ferns, or with canes.
Rounds rising hillocks, brakes obscure and rough,
To shelter thee from tempest and from rain.
Shak.
He stayed not for brake, and he stopped not for stone.
Sir W.Scott.
Cane brake, a thicket of canes. See Canebrake.

<— p. 175 —>

Brake (?), n. [OE. brake; cf. LG. brake an instrument for breaking flax, G. breche, fr. the root of E. break. See Break, v. t., and cf. Breach.] 1. An instrument or machine to break or bruise the woody part of flax or hemp so that it may be separated from the fiber. 2. An extended handle by means of which a number of men can unite in working a pump, as in a fire engine. 3. A baker's kneading though. Johnson. 4. A sharp bit or snaffle. Pampered jades…which need nor break nor bit. Gascoigne. 5. A frame for confining a refractory horse while the smith is shoeing him; also, an inclosure to restrain cattle, horses, etc. A horse… which Philip had bought… and because of his fierceness kept him within a brake of iron bars. J. Brende. 6. That part of a carriage, as of a movable battery, or engine, which enables it to turn. 7. (Mil.) An ancient engine of war analogous to the crossbow and ballista. 8. (Agric.) A large, heavy harrow for breaking clods after plowing; a drag. 9. A piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping motion by friction, as of a carriage or railway car, by the pressure of rubbers against the wheels, or of clogs or ratchets against the track or roadway, or of a pivoted lever against a wheel or drum in a machine. 10. (Engin.) An apparatus for testing the power of a steam engine, or other motor, by weighing the amount of friction that the motor will overcome; a friction brake. 11. A cart or carriage without a body, used in breaking in horses. 12. An ancient instrument of torture. Holinshed. Air brake. See Air brake, in the Vocabulary. Ð Brake beam or Brake bar, the beam that connects the brake blocks of opposite wheels. Ð Brake block. (a) The part of a brake holding the brake shoe. (b) A brake shoe. Ð Brake shoe or Brake rubber, the part of a brake against which the wheel rubs. Ð Brake wheel, a wheel on the platform or top of a car by which brakes are operated. Ð Continuous brake . See under Continuous. Brake¶man (?), n.; pl. Brakemen (?). 1. (Railroads) A man in charge of a brake or brakes. 2. (Mining) The man in charge of the winding (or hoisting) engine for a mine. Brak¶y (?), a. Full of brakes; abounding with brambles, shrubs, or ferns; rough; thorny. In the woods and braky glens. W.Browne. Bra¶ma (?), n. See Brahma. Bra¶mah press· (?). A hydrostatic press of immense power, invented by Joseph Bramah of London. See under Hydrostatic. Bram¶ble (?), n. [OE. brembil, AS.br?mbel, br?mbel (akin to OHG. bramal), fr. the same root as E. broom, As. br?m. See Broom.] 1. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Rubus, including the raspberry and blackberry. Hence: Any rough, prickly shrub. The thorny brambles, and embracing bushes. Shak. 2. (Zo”l.) The brambling or bramble finch. Bram¶ble bush· (?). (Bot.) The bramble, or a collection of brambles growing together. He jumped into a bramble bush And scratched out both his eyes. Mother Goose. Bram¶bled (?), a. Overgrown with brambles. Forlorn she sits upon the brambled floor. T.Warton. Bram¶ble net· (?). A net to catch birds. Bram¶bling (?), n. [OE. bramline. See Bramble, n.] (Zo”l.) The European mountain finch (Fringilla montifringilla); Ð called also bramble finch and bramble. Bram¶bly (?), a. Pertaining to, resembling, or full of, brambles. ½In brambly wildernesses.¸ Tennyson. Brame (?), n. [Cf. Breme.] Sharp passion; vexation. [Obs.] HeartÐburning brame. Spenser. Bra¶min (?), BraÏmin¶ic (?), etc. See Brahman, Brachmanic, etc. Bran (?), n. [OE. bren, bran, OF. bren, F. bran, from Celtic; cf. Armor. brenn, Ir. bran, bran, chaff.] 1. The broken coat of the seed of wheat, rye, or other cereal grain, separated from the flour or meal by sifting or bolting; the coarse, chaffy part of ground grain. 2. (Zo”l.) The European carrion crow. Bran¶card (?), n. [F.] A litter on which a person may be carried. [Obs.] Coigrave. Branch (?), n.; pl. Branchesÿ(?). [OE. braunche, F. branche, fr. LL. branca claw of a bird or beast of prey; cf. Armor. brank branch, bough.] 1. (Bot.) A shoot or secondary stem growing from the main stem, or from a principal limb or bough of a tree or other plant. 2. Any division extending like a branch; any arm or part connected with the main body of thing; ramification; as, the branch of an antler; the branch of a chandelier; a branch of a river; a branch of a railway. Most of the branches , or streams, were dried up. W.Irving. 3. Any member or part of a body or system; a distinct article; a section or subdivision; a department. ½Branches of knowledge.¸ Prescott. It is a branch and parcel of mine oath. Shak. 4. (Geom.) One of the portions of a curve that extends outwards to an indefinitely great distance; as, the branches of an hyperbola. 5. A line of family descent, in distinction from some other line or lines from the same stock; any descendant in such a line; as, the English branch of a family. His father, a younger branch of the ancient stock. Carew. 6. (Naut.) A warrant or commission given to a pilot, authorizing him to pilot vessels in certain waters. Branches of a bridle, two pieces of bent iron, which bear the bit, the cross chains, and the curb. Ð Branch herring. See Alewife.Ð Root and branch , totally, wholly. Syn. Ð Bough; limb; shoot; offshoot; twig; sprig. Branch (?), a. Diverging from, or tributary to, a main stock, line, way, theme, etc.; as, a branch vein; a branch road or line; a branch topic; a branch store. Branch, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Branchedÿ(?); p .pr. & vb. n. Branching.] 1. To shoot or spread in branches; to separate into branches; to ramify. 2. To divide into separate parts or subdivision. To branch off, to form a branch or a separate part; to diverge. Ð To branch out, to speak diffusively; to extend one's discourse to other topics than the main one; also, to enlarge the scope of one's business, etc. To branch out into a long disputation. Spectator. Branch, v. t. 1. To divide as into branches; to make subordinate division in. 2. To adorn with needlework representing branches, flowers, or twigs. The train whereof loose far behind her strayed, Branched with gold and pearl, most richly wrought. Spenser. Branch¶er (?), n. 1. That which shoots forth branches; one who shows growth in various directions. 2. (Falconry) A young hawk when it begins to leave the nest and take to the branches. Branch¶erÏy (?), n. A system of branches. Ø Bran¶chiÏa (?), n.; pl. Branchi?ÿ(?). [L., fr. Gr. ?, pl. of ?.] (Anat.) A gill; a respiratory organ for breathing the air contained in water, such as many aquatic and semiaquatic animals have. Bran¶chiÏal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to branchi‘ or gills. Branchial arches, the bony or cartilaginous arches which support the gills on each side of the throat of fishes and amphibians. See Illustration in Appendix. Ð Branchial clefts, the openings between the branchial arches through which water passes. Bran¶chiÏate (?), a. (Anat.) Furnished with branchi‘; as branchiate segments. BranÏchif¶erÏous (?), a. (Anat.) Having gills; branchiate; as, branchiferous gastropods. Branch¶iÏness (?), n. Fullness of branches. Branch¶ing, a. Furnished with branches; shooting our branches; extending in a branch or branches. Shaded with branching palm. Milton. Branch¶ing, n. The act or state of separation into branches; division into branches; a division or branch. The sciences, with their numerous branchings. L.Watts. Ø Bran·chiÏoÏgasÏtrop¶oÏda (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? gill + E. gastropoda.] (Zo”l.) Those Gastropoda that breathe by branchi‘, including the Prosobranchiata and Opisthobranchiata. Bran·chiÏom¶erÏism (?), n. [Gr. ? gill + Ðmere.] (Anat.) The state of being made up of branchiate segments. R. Wiedersheim. Bran¶chiÏoÏpod (?), n. One of the Branchiopoda. Ø Bran¶chiÏoÏpoda (?), n. pl. [Gr. ? gill + Ðpoda: cf. F. branchiopode.] (Zo”l.) An order of Entomostraca; Ð so named from the feet of branchiopods having been supposed to perform the function of gills. It includes the freshÐwater genera Branchipus, Apus, and Limnadia, and the genus Artemia found in salt lakes. It is also called Phyllopoda. See Phyllopoda, Cladocera. It is sometimes used in a broader sense. Bran·chiÏos¶teÏgal (?), a. [Gr. ? gill + ? to cover: cf. F. branchiostŠge.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the membrane covering the gills of fishes. Ð n. (Anat.) A branchiostegal ray. See Illustration of Branchial arches in Appendix. µ This term was formerly applied to a group of fishes having boneless branchi‘. But the arrangement was artificial, and has been rejected. Bran·chiÏos¶tege (?), (Anat.) The branchiostegal membrane. See Illustration in Appendix. Bran·chiÏos¶teÏgous (?), a. (Anat.) Branchiostegal. Ø Bran·chiÏos¶toÏma (?), n. [NL., fr., Gr. ? gill + ? mouth.] (Zo”l.) The lancelet. See Amphioxus. Ø Bran¶chiÏu¶ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr., Gr. ? gill + ? tail.] (Zo”l.) A group of Entomostraca, with suctorial mouths, including species parasitic on fishes, as the carp lice (Argulus). Branch¶less (?), a. Destitude of branches or shoots; without any valuable product; barren; naked. Branch¶let (?), n. [Branch + Ðlet.] A little branch; a twig. Branch¶ pi·lot (?). A pilot who has a branch or commission, as from Trinity House, England, for special navigation. Branch¶y (?), a. Full of branches; having wideÐspreading branches; consisting of branches. Beneath thy branchy bowers of thickest gloom. J.Scott. Brand (?), n. [OE. brand, brond, AS. brand brond brand, sword, from byrnan, beornan, to burn; akin to D., Dan., Sw., & G. brand brand, Icel. brandr a brand, blade of a sword. ?32. See Burn, v. t., and cf. Brandish.] 1. A burning piece of wood; or a stick or piece of wood partly burnt, whether burning or after the fire is extinct. Snatching a live brand from a wigwam, Mason threw it on a matted roof. Palfrey. 2. A sword, so called from its glittering or flashing brightness. [Poetic] Tennyson. Paradise, so late their happy seat, Waved over by that flaming brand. Milton. 3. A mark made by burning with a hot iron, as upon a cask, to designate the quality, manufacturer, etc., of the contents, or upon an animal, to designate ownership; Ð also, a mark for a similar purpose made in any other way, as with a stencil. Hence, figurately: Quality; kind; grade; as, a good brand of flour. 4. A mark put upon criminals with a hot iron. Hence: Any mark of infamy or vice; a stigma. The brand of private vice. Channing. 5. An instrument to brand with; a branding iron. 6. (Bot.) Any minute fungus which produces a burnt appearance in plants. The brands are of many species and several genera of the order Puccini‘i. Brand (?), v.t [imp. & p.p. Branded; p. pr. & vb. n. Branding.]. 1. To burn a distinctive mark into or upon with a hot iron, to indicate quality, ownership, etc., or to mark as infamous (as a convict). 2. To put an actual distinctive mark upon in any other way, as with a stencil, to show quality of contents, name of manufacture, etc. 3. Fig.: To fix a mark of infamy, or a stigma, upon. The Inquisition branded its victims with infamy. Prescott. There were the enormities, branded and condemned by the first and most natural verdict of common humanity. South. 4. To mark or impress indelibly, as with a hot iron. As if it were branded on my mind. Geo. Eliot. Brand¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, brands; a branding iron. 2. A gridiron. [Scot.] Brand¶ goose· (?). [Prob. fr. 1st brand + goose: cf. Sw. brandg†s. Cf. Brant.] (Zo”l.) A species of wild goose (Branta bernicla) usually called in America brant. See Brant. Bran¶died (?), a. Mingled with brandy; made stronger by the addition of brandy; flavored or treated with brandy; as, brandied peaches. Brand¶ing i·Ïron (?). An iron to brand with. Brand¶ i·ron. 1. A branding iron. 2. A trivet to set a pot on. Huloet. 3. The horizontal bar of an andiron. Bran¶dish (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Brandishedÿ(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Brandishing.] [OE. braundisen, F. brandir, fr. brand a sword, fr. OHG. brant brand. See Brand, n.] 1. To move or wave, as a weapon; to raise and move in various directions; to shake or flourish. The quivering lance which he brandished bright. Drake. 2. To play with; to flourish; as, to brandish syllogisms. Bran¶dish, n. A flourish, as with a weapon, whip, etc. ½Brandishes of the fan.¸ Tailer. Bran¶dishÐer (?), n. One who brandishes. Bran¶dle (?), v. t. & i. [F. brandiller.] To shake; to totter. [Obs.] Brand¶ling (?), Brand¶lin (?) }, n. (Zo”l.) Same as Branlin, fish and worm. Brand¶Ðnew¶ (?), a. [See Brand, and cf. Brannew.] Quite new; bright as if fresh from the forge. Brand¶ spore· (?). (Bot.) One of several spores growing in a series or chain, and produced by one of the fungi called brand. Bran¶dy (?), n.; pl. Brandiesÿ(?). [From older brandywine, brandwine, fr. D. brandewijn, fr. p. p. of branden to burn, distill + wijn wine, akin to G. branntwein. See Brand.] A strong alcoholic liquor distilled from wine. The name is also given to spirit distilled from other liquors, and in the United States to that distilled from cider and peaches. In northern Europe, it is also applied to a spirit obtained from grain. Brandy fruit, fruit preserved in brandy and sugar. Bran¶dyÏwine· (?), n. Brandy. [Obs.] Wiseman. Bran¶gle (?), n. [Prov. E. brangled confused, entangled, Scot. brangle to shake, menace; probably a variant of wrangle, confused with brawl. ?95.] A wrangle; a squabble; a noisy contest or dispute. [R.] A brangle between him and his neighbor. Swift. Bran¶gle, v.i [imp. & p. p. Brangledÿ(?); p.pr. & vb. n. Branglingÿ(?).] To wrangle; to dispute contentiously; to squabble. [R.] Bran¶gleÏment (?), n. Wrangle; brangle. [Obs.] Bran¶gler (?), n. A quarrelsome person. Bran¶gling (?), n. A quarrel. [R.] Whitlock. Brank (?), n. [Prov. of Celtic origin; cf. L. brance, brace, the Gallic name of a particularly white kind of corn.] Buckwheat. [Local, Eng.] Halliwell. Brank, Branks,} n. [Cf. Gael. brangus, brangas, a sort of pillory, Ir. brancas halter, or D. pranger fetter.] 1. A sort of bridle with wooden side pieces. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] Jamieson. 2. A scolding bridle, an instrument formerly used for correcting scolding women.It was an iron frame surrounding the head and heaving a triangular piece entering the mouth of the scold. Brank, v. i. 1. To hold up and toss the head; Ð applied to horses as spurning the bit. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] 2. To prance; to caper. [Scot.] Jamieson. Brank¶urÏsine (?), n. [F. brancÐursine, branchÐursine, fr. LL. branca claw + L. ursinus belonging to a bear (fr. ursus bear), i .e., bear's claw, because its leaves resemble the claws of a bear. Cf. Branch.] (Bot.) Bear'sÐbreech, or Acanthus. Bran¶lin (?), n. [Scot. branlie fr. brand.] (Zo”l.) A young salmon or parr, in the stage in which it has transverse black bands, as if burned by a gridiron. Bran¶lin, n. [See Brand.] A small red worm or larva, used as bait for small freshÐwater fish; Ð so called from its red color. Bran¶Ðnew¶ (?), a. See BrandÐnew. Bran¶ny (?), a. Having the appearance of bran; consisting of or containing bran. Wiseman. Bran¶sle (?), n. [See Brawl a dance.] A brawl or dance. [Obs.] Spenser.

<— p. 176 —>

Brant (?), n. [Cf.Brand goose, Brent, Brenicle.] (Zo”l.) A species of wild goose (Branta bernicla)Ð called also brent and brand goose. The name is also applied to other related species.
Brant, a. [See Brent.] Steep. [Prov. Eng.]
Bran¶tail· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The European redstart; Ð so called from the red color of its tail.
Brant¶Ïfox· (?), n. [For brandÐfox; cf. G. brandfuchs, Sw. bradr„f. So called from its yellowish brown and somewhat black color. See Brand.] (Zo”l.) A kind of fox found in Sweden (Vulpes alopex), smaller than the common fox (V. vulgaris), but probably a variety of it.
Bran¶uÏlar (?), a. Relating to the brain; cerebral.
I.Taylor.
Bra¶sen (?), a. Same as Brazen.
Brash (?), a. [Cf. Gael. bras or G. barsch harsh, sharp, tart, impetuous, D. barsch, Sw. & Dan. barsk.] Hasty in temper; impetuous.
Grose.
Brash, a. [Cf. Amer. bresk, brusk, fragile, brittle.] Brittle, as wood or vegetables. [Colloq., U. S.]
Bartlett.
Brash, n. [See Brash brittle.] 1. A rash or eruption; a sudden or transient fit of sickness.
2. Refuse boughs of trees; also, the clippings of hedges. [Prov. Eng.]
Wright.
3. (Geol.) Broken and angular fragments of rocks underlying alluvial deposits.
Lyell.
4. Broken fragments of ice.
Kane.
Water brash (Med.), an affection characterized by a spasmodic pain or hot sensation in the stomach with a rising of watery liquid into the mouth; pyrosis. Ð Weaning brash (Med.), a severe form of diarrhea which sometimes attacks children just weaned.
Bra¶sier, Bra¶zier (?), n. [OE. brasiere, F. braise live coals. See Brass.] An artificer who works in brass.
Franklin.
Bra¶sier, Bra¶zier, n. [F. brasier, brais¡er, fr. braise live coals. See Brass.] A pan for holding burning coals.
Brass (?), n.; pl. Brasses (?). [OE. bras, bres, AS. br‘s; akin to Icel. bras cement, solder, brasa to harden by fire, and to E. braze, brazen. Cf. 1st & 2d Braze.] 1. An alloy (usually yellow) of copper and zinc, in variable proportion, but often containing two parts of copper to one part of zinc. It sometimes contains tin, and rarely other metals.
2. (Mach.) A journal bearing, so called because frequently made of brass. A brass is often lined with a softer metal, when the latter is generally called a white metal lining. See Axle box, Journal Box, and Bearing.
3. Coin made of copper, brass, or bronze. [Obs.]
Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor brass in your purses, nor scrip for your journey.
Matt. x. 9.
4. Impudence; a brazen face. [Colloq.]
5. pl. Utensils, ornaments, or other articles of brass.
The very scullion who cleans the brasses.
Hopkinson.
6. A brass plate engraved with a figure or device. Specifically, one used as a memorial to the dead, and generally having the portrait, coat of arms, etc.
7. pl. (Mining) Lumps of pyrites or sulphuret of iron, the color of which is near to that of brass.
µ The word brass as used in Sculpture language is a translation for copper or some kind of bronze.
µ Brass is often used adjectively or in selfÐexplaining compounds; as, brass button, brass kettle, brass founder, brass foundry or brassfoundry.
Brass band (Mus.), a band of musicians who play upon wind instruments made of brass, as trumpets, cornets, etc. Ð Brass foil, Brass leaf, brass made into very thin sheets; Ð called also Dutch gold.
Bras¶sage (?), n. {F.] A sum formerly levied to pay the expense of coinage; Ð now called seigniorage.
Bras¶sart (?), n. [F. brassard, fr. bras arm. See Brace, n.] Armor for the arm; Ð generally used for the whole arm from the shoulder to the wrist, and consisting, in the 15th and 16th centuries, of many parts.
Brasse (?), n. [Perh. a transposition of barse; but cf. LG. brasse the bream, G. brassen Cf. Bream.] (Zo”l.) A spotted European fish of the genus Lucioperca, resembling a perch.
Bras¶sets (?), n. See Brassart.
Ø Bras¶siÏca (?), n. [L., cabbage.] (Bot.) A genus of plants embracing several species ad varieties differing much in appearance and qualities: such as the common cabbage (B. oleracea), broccoli, cauliflowers, etc.; the wild turnip (B. campestris); the common turnip (B. rapa); the rape of coleseed (B. napus), etc.
Bras·siÏca¶ceous (?), a. [L. brassica cabbage.] (Bot.) Related to, or resembling, the cabbage, or plants of the Cabbage family.
Brass¶iÏness (?), n. The state, conditions, or quality of being brassy. [Colloq.]
Brass¶Ïvis¶aged (?), a. Impudent; bold.
Brass¶y (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to brass; having the nature, appearance, or hardness, of brass.
2. Impudent; impudently bold. [Colloq.]
Brast (?), v. t. & i. [See Burst.] To burst. [Obs.]
And both his y‰n braste out of his face.
Chaucer.
Dreadfull furies which their chains have brast.
Spenser.
Brat (?), n. [OE. bratt coarse garnment, AS. bratt cloak, fr. the Celtic; cf. W. brat clout, rag, Gael. brat cloak, apron, raf, Ir. brat cloak; properly then, a child's bib or clout; hence, a child.] 1. A coarse garnment or cloak; also, coarse clothing, in general. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. A coarse kind of apron for keeping the clothes clean; a bib. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Wright.
3. A child; an offspring; Ð formerly used in a good sense, but now usually in a contemptuous sense. ½This brat is none of mine.¸
Shak.
½A beggar's brat.¸
Swift.
O Israel? O household of the Lord?
O Abraham's brats? O brood of blessed seed?
Gascoigne.
4. The young of an animal. [Obs.]
L'Estrange.
Brat (?), n. (Mining) A thin bed of coal mixed with pyrites or carbonate of lime.
Ø Brat¶sche (?), n. [G., fr. It. viola da braccio viola held on the arm.] The tenor viola, or viola.
Brat¶tice (?), n. [See Brettice.] (Mining) (a) A wall of separation in a shaft or gallery used for ventilation. (b) Planking to support a roof or wall.
Brat¶tishÏing (?), n. 1. See Brattice, n.
2. (Arch.) Carved openwork, as of a shrine, battlement, or parapet.
Braun¶ite (?), n. (Min.) A native oxide of manganese, of dark brownish black color. It was named from a Mr. Braun of Gotha.
BraÏvade¶ (?), n. Bravado. [Obs.]
Fanshawe.
BraÏva¶do (?), n., pl. Bravadoesÿ(?). [Sp. bravada, bravata, boast, brag: cf. F. bravade. See Brave.] Boastful and threatening behavior; a boastful menace.
In spite of our host's bravado.
Irving.
Brave (?), a. [Compar. Braver; superl. Bravest.] [F. brave, It. or Sp. bravo, (orig.) fierce, wild, savage, prob. from. L. barbarus. See Barbarous, and cf. Bravo.]
1. Bold; courageous; daring; intrepid; Ð opposed to cowardly; as, a brave man; a brave act.
2. Having any sort of superiority or excellence; Ð especially such as in conspicuous. [Obs. or Archaic as applied to material things.]
Iron is a brave commodity where wood aboundeth.
Bacon.
It being a brave day, I walked to Whitehall.
Pepys.
3. Making a fine show or display. [Archaic]
Wear my dagger with the braver grace.
Shak.
For I have gold, and therefore will be brave.
In silks I'll rattle it of every color.
Robert Greene.
Frog and lizard in holiday coats
And turtle brave in his golden spots.
Emerson.
Syn. Ð Courageous; gallant; daring; valiant; valorous; bold; heroic; intrepid; fearless; dauntless; magnanimous; highÐspirited; stoutÐhearted. See Gallant.
Brave (?), n. 1. A brave person; one who is daring.
The starÐspangled banner, O,long may it wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave.
F.S.Key.
2. Specifically, an Indian warrior.
3. A man daring beyond discretion; a bully.
Hot braves like thee may fight.
Dryden.
4. A challenge; a defiance; bravado. [Obs.]
Demetrius, thou dost overween in all;
And so in this, to bear me down with braves.
Shak.
Brave, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bravedÿ(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Braving.] 1. To encounter with courage and fortitude; to set at defiance; to defy; to dare.
These I can brave, but those I can not bear.
Dryden.
2. To adorn; to make fine or showy. [Obs.]
Thou [a tailor whom Grunio was browbeating] hast braved meny men; brave not me; I'll neither be faced or braved.
Shak.]
Brave¶ly (?), adv. 1. In a brave manner; courageously; gallantly; valiantly; splendidly; nobly.
2. Finely; gaudily; gayly; showily.
And [she] decked herself bravely to allure the eyes of all men that should see her.
Judith. x. 4.
3. Well; thrivingly; prosperously. [Colloq.]
Brave¶ness, n. The quality of state or being brave.
Brav¶erÏy (?), n. [Cf. F. braverie.] 1. The quality of being brave; fearless; intrepidity.
Remember, sir, my liege, …
The natural bravery of your isle.
Shak.
2. The act of braving; defiance; bravado. [Obs.]
Reform, then, without bravery or scandal of former times and persons.
3. Splendor; magnificence; showy appearance; ostentation; fine dress.
With scarfs and fans and double change of bravery.
Shak.
Like a stately ship…
With all her bravery on, and tackle trim.
Milton.
4. A showy person; a fine gentleman; a beau. [Obs.]
A man that is the bravery of his age.
Beau. & Fl.
Syn. Ð Courage; heroism; interpidity; gallantry; valor; fearlessness; dauntlessness; hardihood; manfulness. See Courage, and Heroism.
Brav¶ing (?), n. A bravado; a boast.
With so proud a strain
Of threats and bravings.
Chapman.
Brav¶ingÏly (?), adv. In a defiant manner.
Bra¶vo (?), n.; pl. Bravoesÿ(?). [I. See Brave, a.] A daring villain; a bandit; one who sets law at defiance; a professional assassin or murderer.
Safe from detection, seize the unwary prey.
And stab, like bravoes, all who come this way.
Churchill.
Bra¶vo (?), interj. [It. See Brave.] Well done? excellent? an exclamation expressive of applause.
Ø BraÏvu¶ra (?), n. [It., (properly) bravery, spirit, from bravo. See Brave.] (Mus.) A florid, brilliant style of music, written for effect, to show the range and flexibility of a singer's voice, or the technical force and skill of a performer; virtuoso music.
Aria di bravura (?) [It.], a florid air demanding brilliant execution.
Brawl (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Brawled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Brawling.] [OE. braulen to quarrel, boast, brallen to cry, make a noise; cf. LG. brallen to brag, MHG. pr?ulen, G. prahlen, F. brailler to cry, shout, Pr. brailar, braillar, W. bragal to vociferate, brag, Armor. bragal to romp, to strut, W. broliaw to brag, brawl boast. ?95.] 1. To quarrel noisily and outrageously.
Let a man that is a man consider that he is a fool that brawleth openly with his wife.
Golden Boke.
2. To complain loudly; to scold.
3. To make a loud confused noise, as the water of a rapid stream running over stones.
Where the brook brawls along the painful road.
Wordsworth.
Syn. Ð To wrangle; squabble; contend.
Brawl (?), n. A noisy quarrel; loud, angry contention; a wrangle; a tumult; as, a drunken brawl.
His sports were hindered by the brawls.
Shak.
Syn. Ð Noise; quarrel; uproar; row; tumult.
Brawl¶er (?), n. One that brawls; wrangler.
Common brawlers (Law), one who disturbs a neighborhood by brawling (and is therefore indictable at common law as a nuisance).
Wharton.
Brawl¶ing, a. 1. Quarreling; quarrelsome; noisy.
She is an irksome brawling scold.
Shak.
2. Making a loud confused noise. See Brawl, v. i., 3.
A brawling stream.
J.S. Shairp.
Brawl¶ingÏly, adv. In a brawling manner.
Brawn (?), n. [OF. braon fleshy part, muscle, fr. HG. br?to flesh, G. braten roast meat; akin to Icel. br?? flesh, food of beasts, AS. br?de roast meat, br?dan to roast, G. braten, and possibly to E. breed.] 1. A muscle; flesh. [Obs.]
Formed well of brawns and of bones.
Chaucer.
2. Full, strong muscles, esp. of the arm or leg, muscular strength; a protuberant muscular part of the body; sometimes, the arm.
Brawn without brains is thine.
Dryden.
It was ordained that murderers should be brent on the brawn of the left hand.
E. Hall.
And in my vantbrace put this withered brawn.
Shak.
3. The flesh of a boar; also, the salted and prepared flesh of a boar.
The best age for the boar is from two to five years, at which time it is best to geld him, or sell him for brawn.
Mortimer.
4. A boar. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Brawned (?), a. Brawny; strong; muscular. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Brawn¶er (?), n. A boor killed for the table.
Brawn¶iÏness (?), n. The quality or state of being brawny.
Brawn¶y (?), a. Having large, strong muscles; muscular; fleshy; strong. ½Brawny limbs.¸
W.Irving.
Syn. Ð Muscular; fleshy; strong; bulky; sinewy; athletic; stalwart; powerful; robust.
Brax¶y (?), n. [Cf. AS. breac rheum, broc sickness, Ir. bracha corruption. Jamieson.] 1. A disease of sheep. The term is variously applied in different localities. [Scot.]
2. A diseased sheep, or its mutton.
Bray (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Brayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Braying.] [OE. brayen, OF. breier, F. broyer to pound, grind, fr. OHG. brehhan to break. See Break.] To pound, beat, rub, or grind small or fine.
Though thou shouldest bray a fool in a mortar, … yet will not his foolishness depart from him.
Prov. xxvii. 22.
Bray, v. i. [ OE brayen, F. braire to bray, OF. braire to cry, fr. LL. bragire to whinny; perh. fr. the Celtic and akin to E. break; or perh. of imitative origin.]
1. To utter a loud, harsh cry, as an ass.
Laugh, and they
Return it louder than an ass can bray.
Dryden.
2. To make a harsh, grating, or discordant noise.
Heard ye the din of battle bray?
Gray.
Bray, v. t. To make or utter with a loud, discordant, or harsh and grating sound.
Arms on armor clashing, brayed
Horrible discord.
MIlton.
And varying notes the war pipes brayed.
Sir W.Scott.
Bray, n. The harsh cry of an ass; also, any harsh, grating, or discordant sound.
The bray and roar of multitudinous London.
Jerrold.
Bray, n. [OE. braye, brey, brew, eyebrow, brow of a hill, hill, bank, Scot. bra, brae, bray, fr. AS. br?w eyebrow, influenced by the allied Icel. br? eyebrow, bank, also akin to AS. br? yebrow. See Brow.] A bank; the slope of a hill; a hill. See Brae, which is now the usual spelling. [North of Eng. & Scot.]
Fairfax.
Bray¶er (?), n. An implement for braying and spreading ink in hand printing.
Bray¶er, n. One that brays like an ass.
Pope.
Bray¶ing, a. Making a harsh noise; blaring, ½Braying trumpets.¸
Shak.
Braze (?), v. i.[imp. & p. p. Brazedÿ(?); p. pr & vb. n. Brazing.][F. braser to solder, fr. Icel. brasa to harden by fire. Cf. Brass.] 1. To solder with hard solder, esp. with an alloy of copper and zinc; as, to braze the seams of a copper pipe.
2. To harden. ½Now I am brazes to it.¸
Shak.
Braze (?), v. t. [AS. br‘sian, fr. br‘s brass. See Brass.] To cover or ornament with brass.
Chapman.
Bra¶zen (?), a.[OE. brasen, AS. br‘sen. See Brass.] 1. Pertaining to, made of, or resembling, brass.
2. Sounding harsh and loud, like resounding brass.
3. Impudent; immodest; shameless; having a front like brass; as, a brazen countenance.
Brazen age. (a) (Muth.) The age of war and lawlessness which succeeded the silver age. (b) (Arch‘ol.)ÿSee under Bronze. Ð Brazen sea (Jewish Antiq.), a large laver of brass, placed in Solomon's temple for the use of the priests.
Bra¶zen, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Brazened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Brazening.] To carry through impudently or shamelessly; as, to brazen the matter through.
Sabina brazened it out before Mrs. Wygram, but inwardly she was resolved to be a good deal more circumspect.
W.Black.
Bra¶zenÏbrowed· (?), a. Shamelessly impudent.
Sir T.Browne.
Bra¶zenÏface· (?), n. An impudent of shameless person. ½Well said, brazenface; hold it out.¸
Shak.
Bra¶zenÏfaced· (?), a. Impudent; shameless.
Bra¶zenÏly (?), adv. In a bold, impudent manner.

<— p. 177 —>

Bra¶zenÏness (?), n. The quality or state of being brazen.
Johnson.
Bra¶zier (?), n. Same as Brasier.
ØBraz·iÏlet¶to (?), n. [Cf. Pg. & Sp. brasilete, It. brasiletto.] See Brazil wood.
BraÏzil¶ian (?), a. Of or pertaining to Brasil. Ð n. A native or an inhabitant of Brazil.
Brazilian pebble. See Pebble, n., 2.
Braz¶iÏlin (?), n. [Cf. F. br‚siline. See Brazil.] (Chem.) A substance contained in both Brazil wood and Sapan wood, from which it is extracted as a yellow crystalline substance which is white when pure. It is colored intensely red by alkalies. [Written also brezilin.]
BraÏzil¶ nut· (?). (Bot.) An oily, threeÐsided nut, the seed of the Bertholletia excelsa; the cream nut.
µ From eighteen to twentyÐfour of the seed or ½nuts¸ grow in a hard and nearly globular shell.
BraÏzil¶ wood· (?). [OE. brasil, LL. brasile (cf. Pg. & Sp. brasil, Pr. bresil, Pr. bresil); perh. from Sp. or Pg. brasa a live coal (cf. Braze, Brasier); or Ar. vars plant for dyeing red or yellow. This name was given to the wood from its color; and it is said that King Emanuel, of Portugal, gave the name Brazil to the country in South America on account of its producing this wood.]
1. The wood of the oriental C‘salpinia Sapan; Ð so called before the discovery of America.
2. A very heavy wood of a reddish color, imported from Brazil and other tropical countries, for cabinetÐwork, and for dyeing. The best is the heartwood of C‘salpinia echinata, a leguminous tree; but other trees also yield it. An interior sort comes from Jamaica, the timber of C. Braziliensis and C. crista. This is often distinguished as Braziletto , but the better kind is also frequently so named.
Breach (?), n. [OE. breke, breche, AS. brice, gebrice, gebrece (in comp.), fr. brecan to break; akin to Dan. br‘k, MHG. breche, gap, breach. See Break, and cf. Brake (the instrument), Brack a break]. 1. The act of breaking, in a figurative sense.
2. Specifically: A breaking or infraction of a law, or of any obligation or tie; violation; nonÐfulfillment; as a breach of contract; a breach of promise.
3. A gap or opening made made by breaking or battering, as in a wall or fortification; the space between the parts of a solid body rent by violence; a break; a rupture.
Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more;
Or close the wall up with our English dead.
Shak.
4. A breaking of waters, as over a vessel; the waters themselves; surge; surf.
The Lord hath broken forth upon mine enemies before me, as the breach of waters.
2 Sam. v. 20?
A clear breach implies that the waves roll over the vessel without breaking. Ð A clean breach implies that everything on deck is swept away.
Ham. Nav. Encyc.
5. A breaking up of amicable relations; rupture.
There's fallen between him and my lord
An unkind breach.
Shak.
6. A bruise; a wound.
Breach for breach, eye for eye.
Lev. xxiv.20?
7. (Med.) A hernia; a rupture.
8. A breaking out upon; an assault.
The Lord had made a breach upon Uzza.
1.Chron.xiii.11?
Breach of falth, a breaking, or a failure to keep, an expressed or implied promise; a betrayal of confidence or trust. Ð Breach of peace, disorderly conduct, disturbing the public peace. Ð Breach of privilege, an act or default in violation of the privilege or either house of Parliament, of Congress, or of a State legislature, as, for instance, by false swearing before a committee.
Mozley. Abbott.
Ð Breach of promise, violation of one's plighted word, esp. of a promise to marry. Ð Breach of trust, violation of one's duty or faith in a matter entrusted to one.
Syn. Ð Rent; cleft; chasm; rift; aperture; gap; break; disruption; fracture; rupture; infraction; infringement; violation; quarrel; dispute; contention; difference; misunderstanding.
Breach, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Breached (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Breaching.] To make a breach or opening in; as, to breach the walls of a city.
Breach, v. i. To break the water, as by leaping out; Ð said of a whale.
Breach¶y (?),a. Apt to break fences or to break out of pasture; unruly; as, breachy cattle.
Bread (?), v. t. [AS. br‘dan to make broad, to spread. See Broad, a.] To spread. [Obs.]
Ray.
Bread (?), n. [AS. bre d; akin to OFries. br¾d, OS. br?d, D. brood, G. brod, brot, Icel. brau?, Sw. & Dan. br”d. The root is probably that of E. brew. ? See Brew.] 1. An article of food made from flour or meal by moistening, kneading, and baking.
µ Raised bread is made with yeast, salt, and sometimes a little butter or lard, and is mixed with warm milk or water to form the dough, which, after kneading, is given time to rise before baking. Ð Cream of tartar bread is raised by the action of an alkaline carbonate or bicarbonate (as saleratus or ammonium bicarbonate) and cream of tartar (acid tartrate of potassium) or some acid. ÐUnleavened bread is usually mixed with water and salt only.
A‰rated bread. See under A?rated. Bread and butter (fig.), means of living. Ð Brown bread, Indian bread, Graham bread, Rye and Indian bread. See Brown bread, under Brown. Ð Bread tree. See Breadfruit.
2. Food; sustenance; support of life, in general.
Give us this day our daily bread.
Matt. vi. 11?
Bread, v. t. (Cookery) To cover with bread crumbs, preparatory to cooking; as, breaded cutlets.
Bread¶bas·ket (?), n. The stomach. [Humorous]
S. Foote.
Bread¶corn· (?). Corn of grain of which bread is made, as wheat, rye, etc.
Bread¶ed, a. Braided [Obs.]
Spenser.
Bread¶en (?), a. Made of bread. [R.]
Bread¶fruit· (?), n. (Bot.) 1. The fruit of a tree (Artocarpus incisa) found in the islands of the Pacific, esp. the South Sea islands. It is of a roundish form, from four to six or seven inches in diameter, and, when baked, somewhat resembles bread, and is eaten as food, whence the name.
2. (Bot.) The tree itself, which is one of considerable size, with large, lobed leaves. Cloth is made from the bark, and the timber is used for many purposes. Called also breadfruit tree and bread tree.
Bread¶less, a. Without bread; destitude of food.
Plump peers and breadless bards alike are dull.
P.Whitehead.
Bread·root¶ (?), n. (Bot.) The root of a leguminous plant (Psoralea esculenta), found near the Rocky Mountains. It is usually oval in form, and abounds in farinaceous matter, affording sweet and palatable food.
µ It is the Pomme blanche of Canadian voyageurs.
Bread¶stuff (?), n. Grain, flour, or meal of which bread is made.
Breadth (?), n. [OE. brede, breede, whence later bredette, AS. br?du, fr. br¾d broad. See Broad, a.]
1. Distance from side to side of any surface or thing; measure across, or at right angles to the length; width.
42. (Fine Arts) The quality of having the colors and shadows broad and massive, and the arrangement of objects such as to avoid to great multiplicity of details, producing an impression of largeness and simple grandeur; Ð called also breadth of effect.
Breadth of coloring is a prominent character in the painting of all great masters.
Weale.
Breadth¶less, a. Without breadth.
Breadth¶ways (?), ads. Breadthwise.
Whewell.
Breadth¶wise (?), ads. In the direction of the breadth.
Breadth¶win·ner (?), n. The member of a family whose labor supplies the food of the family; one who works for his living.
H. Spencer.
Breakÿ(?), v. t. [imp. broke (?), (Obs. Brake); p.p. Broken (?), (Obs. Broke); p. pr. & vb. n. Breaking.] [OE. breken, AS. brecan; akin to OS. brekan, D. breken, OHG. brehhan, G. brechen, Icel.braka to creak, Sw. braka, br„kka to crack, Dan. br‘kke to break, Goth. brikan to break, L. frangere. Cf. Bray to pound, Breach, Fragile.] 1. To strain apart; to sever by fracture; to divide with violence; as, to break a rope or chain; to break a seal; to break an axle; to break rocks or coal; to break a lock.
Shak.
2. To lay open as by breaking; to divide; as, to break a package of goods.
3. To lay open, as a purpose; to disclose, divulge, or communicate.
Katharine, break thy mind to me.
Shak.
4. To infringe or violate, as an obligation, law, or promise.
Out, out, hyena ? these are thy wonted arts…
To break all faith, all vows, deceive, betray.
Milton
5. To interrupt; to destroy the continuity of; to dissolve or terminate; as, to break silence; to break one's sleep; to break one's journey.
Go, release them, Ariel;
My charms I'll break, their senses I'll restore.
Shak.
6. To destroy the completeness of; to remove a part from; as, to break a set.
7. To destroy the arrangement of; to throw into disorder; to pierce; as, the cavalry were not able to break the British squares.
8. To shatter to pieces; to reduce to fragments.
The victim broke in pieces the musical instruments with which he had solaced the hours of captivity.
Prescott.
9. To exchange for other money or currency of smaller denomination; as, to break a five dollar bill.
10. To destroy the strength, firmness, or consistency of; as, to break flax.
11. To weaken or impair, as health, spirit, or mind.
An old man, broken with the storms of state.
Shak.
12. To diminish the force of; to lessen the shock of, as a fall or blow.
I'll rather leap down first, and break your fall.
Dryden.
13. To impart, as news or information; to broach; Ð with to, and often with a modified word implying some reserve; as, to break the news gently to the widow; to break a purpose cautiously to a friend.
14. To tame; to reduce to subjection; to make tractable; to discipline; as, to break a horse to the harness or saddle. ½To break a colt.¸
Spenser.
Why, then thou canst not break her to the lute?
Shak.
15. To destroy the financial credit of; to make bankrupt; to ruin.
With arts like these rich Matho, when he speaks,
Attracts all fees, and little lawyers breaks.
Dryden.
16. To destroy the official character and standing of; to cashier; to dismiss.
I see a great officer broken.
Swift.
With prepositions or adverbs: Ð
To break down. (a) To crush; to overwhelm; as, to break down one's strength; to break down opposition. (b) To remove, or open a way through, by breaking; as, to break down a door or wall. Ð To break in. (a) To force in; as, to break in a door. (b) To train; to discipline; as, a horse well broken in. ÐTo break of, to rid of; to cause to abandon; as, to break one of a habit.Ð To break off. (a) To separate by breaking; as, to break off a twig.(b) To stop suddenly; to abandon. ½Break off thy sins by righteousness.¸
Dan. iv.27.
Ð To break open, to open by breaking. ½Open the door, or I will break it open.¸
Shak.
Ð To break out, to take or force out by breaking; as, to break out a pane of glass. Ð To break out a cargo, to unstow a cargo, so as to unload it easily. Ð To break through. (a) To make an opening through, as, as by violence or the force of gravity; to pass violently through; as to break through the enemy's lines; to break through the ice. (b) To disregard; as, to break through the ceremony. Ð To break up. (a) To separate into parts; to plow (new or fallow ground). ½Break up this capon.¸
Shak.
½Break up your fallow ground.¸
Jer. iv. 3?
(b) To dissolve; to put an end to. ½Break up the court.¸
Shak.
To break (one) all up, to unsettle or disconcert completely; to upset. [Colloq.]
With an immediate object: Ð
To break the back. (a) To dislocate the backbone; hence, to disable totally. (b) To get through the worst part of; as, to break the back of a difficult undertaking. Ð To break bulk, to destroy the entirety of a load by removing a portion of it; to begin to unload; also, to transfer in detail, as from boats to cars.ÐTo break cover, to burst forth from a protecting concealment, as game when hunted. Ð To break a deer or stag, to cut it up and apportion the parts among those entitled to a share. Ð To break fast, to partake of food after abstinence. See Breakfast. Ð To break ground. (a) To open the earth as for planting; to commence excavation, as for building, siege operations, and the like; as, to break ground for a foundation, a canal, or a railroad. (b) Fig.: To begin to execute any plan. (c) (Naut.) To release the anchor from the bottom. Ð To break the heart, to crush or overwhelm (one) with grief. Ð To break a house (Law), to remove or set aside with violence and a felonious intent any part of a house or of the fastenings provided to secure it. Ð To break the ice, to get through first difficulties; to overcome obstacles and make a beginning; to introduce a subject. Ð To break jail, to escape from confinement in jail, usually by forcible means. Ð To break a jest, to utter a jest. ½Patroclus…the livelong day break scurril jests.¸
Shak.
Ð To break joints, to lay or arrange bricks, shingles, etc., so that the joints in one course shall not coincide with those in the preceding course. Ð To break a lance, to engage in a tilt or contest. Ð To break the neck, to dislocate the joints of the neck. Ð To break no squares, to create no trouble. [Obs.] Ð To break a path, road, etc., too open a way through obstacles by force or labor. Ð To break upon a wheel, to execute or torture, as a criminal by stretching him upon a wheel, and breaking his limbs with an iron bar; Ð a mode of punishment formerly employed in some countries. Ð To break wind, to give vent to wind from the anus.
Syn. Ð To dispart; rend; tear; shatter; batter; violate; infringe; demolish; destroy; burst; dislocate.
Break (?), v. i. 1. To come apart or divide into two or more pieces, usually with suddenness and violence; to part; to burst asunder.
2. To open spontaneously, or by pressure from within, as a bubble, a tumor, a seed vessel, a bag.
Else the bottle break, and the wine runneth out.
Math. ix. 17.?
3. To burst forth; to make its way; to come to view; to appear; to dawn.
The day begins to break, and night is fied.
Shak.
And from the turf a fountain broke,
and gurgled at our feet.
Wordswoorth.
4. To burst forth violently, as a storm.
The clouds are still above; and, while I speak,
A second deluge o'er our head may break.
Shak.
5. To open up. to be scattered; t be dissipated; as, the clouds are breaking.
At length the darkness begins to break.
Macawlay.
6. To become weakened in constitution or faculties; to lose health or strength.
See how the dean begins to break;
Poor gentleman ? he droops apace.
Swift.
7. To be crushed, or overwhelmed with sorrow or grief; as, my heart is breaking.
8. To fall in business; to become bankrupt.
He that puts all upon adventures doth oftentimes break, and come to poverty.
Bacn.
9. To make an abrupt or sudden change; to change the gait; as, to break into a run or gallop.
10. To fail in musical quality; as, a singer's voice breaks when it is strained beyond its compass and a tone or note is not completed, but degenerates into an unmusical sound instead. Also, to change in tone, as a boy's voice at puberty.
11. To fall out; to terminate friendship.
To break upon the score of danger or expense is to be mean and narrowÐspirited.
Collier.
With prepositions or adverbs: Ð
To break away, to disengage one's self abruptly; to come or go away against resistance.
Fear me not, man; I will not break away.
Shak.
ÐTo break down. (a) To come down by breaking; as, the coach broke down. (b) To fail in any undertaking.
He had broken down almost at the outset.
Thackeray.
Ð To break forth, to issue; to come out suddenly, as sound, light, etc. ½Then shall thy light break forth as the morning.¸
Isa. lviii. 8;
Ð often with into in expressing or giving vent to one's feelings. ½Break forth into singing, ye mountains.¸
Isa. xliv. 23.
Ð To break from, to go away from abruptly.
This radiant from the circling crowd he broke.
Dryden.
Ð To break into, to enter by breaking; as, to break into a house. Ð To break in upon, to enter or approach violently or unexpectedly. ½This, this is he; softly awhile; let us not break in upon him.¸
Milton.
Ð To break loose. (a) To extricate one's self forcibly. ½Who would not, finding way, break loose from hell?¸
Milton.
(b) To cast off restraint, as of morals or propriety. Ð To break off. (a) To become separated by rupture, or with suddenness and violence. (b) To desist or cease suddenly. ½Nay, forward, old man; do not break off so.¸
Shak.
Ð To break off from, to desist from; to abandon, as a habit. Ð To break out. (a) To burst forth; to escape from restraint; to appear suddenly, as a fire or an epidemic. ½For in the wilderness

<— p. 178 —>

shall waters break out, and stream in the desert.¸ Isa. xxxv. 6

(b) To show itself in cutaneous eruptions; Ð said of a disease. (c) To have a rash or eruption on the akin; Ð said of a patient. Ð To break over, to overflow; to go beyond limits. Ð To break up. (a) To become separated into parts or fragments; as, the ice break up in the rivers; the wreck will break up in the next storm. (b) To disperse.½The company breaks up.¸
I.Watts.
Ð To break upon, to discover itself suddenly to; to dawn upon. Ð To break with. (a) To fall out; to sever one's relations with; to part friendship. ½It can not be the Volsces dare break with us.¸
Shak.
Ð ½If she did not intend to marry Clive, she should have broken with him altogether.¸
Thackeray.
(b) To come to an explanation; to enter into conference; to speak [Obs.] ½I will break with her and with her father.¸
Shak.
Break (?), n. [See Break, v. t., and cf. Brake (the instrument), Breach, Brack a crack.] 1. An opening made by fracture or disruption.
2. An interruption of continuity; change of direction; as , a break in a wall; a break in the deck of a ship. Specifically: (a) (Arch.) A projection or recess from the face of a building. (b) (Elec.) An opening or displacement in the circuit, interrupting the electrical current.
3. An interruption; a pause; as, a break in friendship; a break in the conversation.
4. An interruption in continuity in writing or printing, as where there is an omission, an unfilled line, etc.
All modern trash is
Set forth with numerous breaks and dashes.
Swift.
5. The first appearing, as of light in the morning; the dawn; as, the break of day; the break of dawn.
6. A large fourÐwheeled carriage, having a straight body and calash top, with the driver's seat in front and the footman's behind.
7. A device for checking motion, or for measuring friction. See Brake, n. 9 & 10.
8. (Teleg.) See Commutator.
Break¶aÏble (?), a. Capable of being broken.
Break¶age (?), n. 1. The act of breaking; a break; a breaking; also, articles broken.
2. An allowance or compensation for things broken accidentally, as in transportation or use.
Break¶bone· fe·ver (?). (Med.) See Dengue.
Break¶Ïcir·cuit (?), n.(Elec.) A key or other device for breaking an electrical circuit.
Break¶down· (?), n. 1. The act or result of breaking down, as of a carriage; downfall.
2. (a) A noisy, rapid, shuffling dance engaged in competitively by a number of persons or pairs in succession, as among the colored people of the Southern United States, and so called, perhaps, because the exercise is continued until most of those who take part in it break down. (b) Any rude, noisy dance performed by shuffling the feet, usually by one person at a time. [U.S.]
Don't clear out when the quadrilles are over, for we are going to have a breakdown to wind up with.
New Eng. Tales.
Break¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, breaks.
I'll be no breaker of the law.
Shak.
2. Specifically: A machine for breaking rocks, or for breaking coal at the mines; also, the building in which such a machine is placed.
3. (Naut.) A small water cask.
Totten.
4. A wave breaking into foam against the shore, or against a sand bank, or a rock or reef near the surface.
The breakers were right beneath her bows.
Longfellow.
Break¶fast (?), n. [Break + fast.] 1. The first meal in the day, or that which is eaten at the first meal.
A sorry breakfast for my lord protector.
Shak.
2. A meal after fasting, or food in general.
The wolves will get a breakfast by my death.
Dryden.
Break¶fast, v. i. [imp. & p. p. breakfasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Breakfasting.] To break one's fast in the morning; too eat the first meal in the day.
First, sir, I read, and then I breakfast.
Prior.
Break¶fast, v. t. To furnish with breakfast.
Milton.
Break¶man (?), n. See Brakeman.
Break¶neck· (?), n. 1. A fall that breaks the neck.
2. A steep place endangering the neck.
Break¶neck· (?), a. Producing danger of a broken neck; as, breakneck speed.
Break¶Ïup· (?), n. Disruption; a separation and dispersion of the parts or members; as, a breakÐup of an assembly or dinner party; a breakÐup of the government.
Break¶wa·ter (?), n. Any structure or contrivance, as a mole, or a wall at the mouth of a harbor, to break the force of waves, and afford protection from their violence.
Breamÿ(?), n. [OE. breme, brem, F. brˆme, OF. bresme, of German origin; cf. OHG. brahsema, brahsina, OLG. bressemo, G. brassen. Cf. Brasse.]
1. (Zo”l) A European freshÐwater cyprinoid fish of the genus Abramis, little valued as food. Several species are known.
2. (Zo”l) An American freshÐwater fish, of various species of Pomotis and allied genera, which are also called sunfishes and pondfishes. See Pondfish.
3. (Zo”l) A marine sparoid fish of the genus Pagellus, and allied genera. See Sea Bream.
Bream, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Breamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Breaming.] [Cf. Broom, and G. ein schiff brennen.] (Naut.) To clean, as a ship's bottom of adherent shells, seaweed, etc., by the application of fire and scraping.
Breast (?), n. [OE. brest, breost, As. bre¢st; akin to Icel. brj?st, Sw. br”st, Dan. bryst, Goth. brusts, OS. briost, D. borst, G. brust.] 1. The fore part of the body, between the neck and the belly; the chest; as, the breast of a man or of a horse.
2. Either one of the protuberant glands, situated on the front of the chest or thorax in the female of man and of some other mammalia, in which milk is secreted for the nourishment of the young; a mammma; a teat.
My brother, that sucked the breasts of my mother.
Cant. viii. 1.
3. Anything resembling the human breast, or bosom; the front or forward part of anything; as, a chimney breast; a plow breast; the breast of a hill.
Mountains on whose barren breast
The laboring clouds do often rest.
Milton.
4. (Mining) (a) The face of a coal working. (b) The front of a furnace.
5. The seat of consciousness; the repository of thought and selfÐconsciousness, or of secrets; the seat of the affections and passions; the heart.
He has a loyal breast.
Shak.
6. The power of singing; a musical voice; Ð so called, probably, from the connection of the voice with the lungs, which lie within the breast. [Obs.]
By my troth, the fool has an excellent breast.
Shak.
Breast drill, a portable drilling machine, provided with a breastplate, for forcing the drill against the work. Ð Breast pang. See Angina pectoris, under Angina. Ð To make a clean breast, to disclose the secrets which weigh upon one; to make full confession.
Breast, v. t. [imp. & p. p.Breasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Breasted.] To meet, with the breast; to struggle with or oppose manfully; as, to breast the storm or waves.
The court breasted the popular current by sustaining the demurrer.
Wirt.
To breast up a hedge, to cut the face of it on one side so as to lay bare the principal upright stems of the plants.
Breast¶band· (?), n. A band for the breast. Specifically: (Naut.) A band of canvas, or a rope, fastened at both ends to the rigging, to support the man who heaves the lead in sounding.
Breast¶beam· (?), n. (Mach.) The front transverse beam of a locomotive.
Breast¶bone· (?), n. The bone of the breast; the sternum.
Breast¶Ïdeep· (?), a. Deep as from the breast to the feet; as high as the breast.
See him breastÐdeep in earth, and famish him.
Shak.
Breast¶ed, a. Having a breast; Ð used in composition with qualifying words, in either a literal or a metaphorical sense; as, a singleÐbreasted coat.
The close minister is buttoned up, and the brave officer openÐbreasted, on these occasions.
Spectator.
Breast¶fast· (?), n. (Naut.) A large rope to fasten the midship part of a ship to a wharf, or to another vessel.
Breast¶height· (?), n. The interior slope of a fortification, against which the garnison lean in firing.
Breast¶Ïhigh· (?), a. High as the breast.
Breast¶hook·ÿ(?), n. (Naut.) A thick piece of timber in the form of a knee, placed across the stem of a ship to strengthen the fore part and unite the bows on each side.
Totten.
Breast¶ing, n. (Mach.) The curved channel in which a breast wheel turns. It is closely adapted to the curve of the wheel through about a quarter of its circumference, and prevents the escape of the water until it has spent its force upon the wheel. See Breast wheel.
Breast¶knot· (?), n. A pin worn of the breast for a fastening, or for ornament; a brooch.
Breast¶plate· (?), n. 1. A plate of metal covering the breast as defensive armor.
Before his old rusty breastplate could be scoured, and his cracked headpiece mended.
Swift.
2. A piece against which the workman presses his breast in operating a breast drill, or other similar tool.
3. A strap that runs across a horse's breast.
Ash.
4. (Jewish Antiq.) A part of the vestment of the high priest, worn upon the front of the ephod. It was a double piece of richly embroidered stuff, a span square, set with twelve precious stones, on which were engraved the names of the twelve tribes of Israel. See Ephod.
Breat¶plow·, Breast¶plough· (?), n. A kind of plow, driven by the breast of the workman; Ð used to cut or pare turf.
Breast¶rall· (?), n. The upper rail of any parapet of ordinary height, as of a balcony; the railing of a quarterÐdeck, etc.
Breast¶rope·(?), n. See Breastband.
Breast¶sum·merÿ3, n. (Arch.) A summer or girder extending across a building flush with, and supporting, the upper part of a front or external wall; a long lintel; a girder; Ð used principally above shop windows. [Written also brestsummer and bressummer.]
Breast¶wheel·ÿ(?), n. A water wheel, on which the stream of water strikes neither so high as in the overshot wheel, nor so low as in the undershot, but generally at about half the height of the wheel, being kept in contact with it by the breasting. The water acts on the float boards partly by impulse, partly by its weight.
Breast¶work· (?), n. 1. (Fort.) A defensive work of moderate height, hastily thrown up, of earth or other material.
2. (Naut.) A railing on the quarterÐdeck and forecastle.
Breathÿ(?), n. [OE. breth, breeth, AS. br?? odor, scent, breath; cf. OHG. br¾dam steam, vapor, breath, G. brodem, and possibly E. Brawn, and Breed.] 1. The air inhaled and exhaled in respiration, air which, in the process of respiration, has parted with oxygen and has received carbonic acid, aqueous vapor, warmth, etc.
Melted as breath into the wind.
Shak.
2. The act of breathing naturally or freely; the power or capacity to breathe freely; as, I am out of breath.
3. The power of respiration, and hence, life.
Hood.
Thou takest away their breath, they die.
Ps. civ. 29.
4. Time to breathe; respite; pause.
Give me some breath, some little pause.
Shak.
5. A single respiration, or the time of making it; a single act; an instant.
He smiles and he frowns in a breath.
Dryden.
6. Fig.: That which gives or strengthens life.
The earthquake voice of victory,
To thee the breath of life.
Byron.
7. A single word; the slightest effort; a triffle.
A breath can make them, as a breath has made.
Goldsmith.
8. A very slight breeze; air in gentle motion.
Calm and unruffled as a summer's sea,
When not a breath of wind flies o'er its surface.
Addison.
9. Fragrance; exhalation; odor; perfume.
Tennison.
The breath of flowers.
Bacon.
10. Gentle exercise, causing a quicker respiration.
An after dinner's breath.
Shak.
Out of breath, breathless, exhausted; breathing with difficulty. Ð Under one's breath, in low tones.
Breath¶aÏbleÿ(?), a. Such as can be breathed.
Breath¶aÏbleÏness, n. State of being breathable.
Breathe (?),v. i. [imp. & p. p Breathed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Breathing.] [From Breath.]
1. To respire; to inhale and exhale air; hence;, to live. ½I am in health, I breathe.¸
Shak.
Breathes there a man with soul so dead?
Sir W. Scott.
2. To take breath; to rest from action.
Well? breathe awhile, and then to it again?
Shak.
3. To pass like breath; noiselessly or gently; to exhale; to emanate; to blow gently.
The air breathes upon us here most sweetly.
Shak.
There breathes a living fragrance from the shore.
Byron.
Breathe, v. t. 1. To inhale and exhale in the process of respiration; to respire.
To view the light of heaven, and breathe the vital air.
Dryden.
2. To inject by breathing; to infuse; Ð with into.
Able to breathe life into a stone.
Shak.
And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life.
Gen. ii. 7.
3. To emit or utter by the breath; to utter softly; to whisper; as, to breathe a vow.
He softly breathed thy name.
Dryden.
Or let the church, our mother, breathe her curse,
A mother's curse, on her revolting son.
Shak.
4. To exhale; to emit, as breath; as, the flowers breathe odors or perfumes.
5. To express; to manifest; to give forth.
Others articles breathe the same severe spirit.
Milner.
6. To act upon by the breath; to cause to sound by breathing. ½They breathe the flute.¸
Prior.
7. To promote free respiration in; to exercise.
And every man should beat thee. I think thou wast created for men to breathe themselves upon thee.
Shak.
8. To suffer to take breath, or recover the natural breathing; to rest; as, to breathe a horse.
A moment breathed his panting steed.
Sir W. Scott.
9. To put out of breath; to exhaust.
Mr. Tulkinghorn arrives in his turret room, a little breathed by the journey up.
Dickens.
10. (Phonetics) To utter without vocality, as the nonvocal consonants.
The same sound may be pronounces either breathed, voiced, or whispered.
H. Sweet.
Breathed elements, being already voiceless, remain unchanged [in whispering].
H. Sweet.
To breathe again, to take breath; to feel a sense of relief, as from danger, responsibility, or press of business. Ð To breathe one's last, to die; to expire. Ð To breathe a vein, to open a vein; to let blood.
Dryden.
Breath¶erÿ(?), n. 1. One who breathes. Hence: (a) One who lives.(b) One who utters. (c) One who animates or inspires.
2. That which puts one out of breath, as violent exercise. [Colloq.]
Breath¶ful (?), a. Full of breath; full of odor; fragrant. [Obs.]
Breath¶ingÿ(?), n. 1. Respiration; the act of inhaling and exhaling air.
Subject to a difficulty of breathing.
Melmoth.
2. Air in gentle motion.
3. Any gentle influence or operation; inspiration; as, the breathings of the Spirit.
4. Aspiration; secret prayer. ½Earnest desires and breathings after that blessed state.¸
Tillotson.
5. Exercising; promotion of respiration.
Here is a lady that wants breathing too;
And I have heard, you knights of Tyre
Are excellent in making ladies trip.
Shak.
6. Utterance; communication or publicity by words.
I am sorry to give breathing to my purpose.
Shak.
7. Breathing place; vent.
Dryden.
8. Stop; pause; delay.
You shake the head at so long a breathing.
Shak.
9. Also, in a wider sense, the sound caused by the

<— p. 179 —>

? friction of the outgoing breath in the throat, mouth, etc., when the glottis is wide open; aspiration; the sound expressed by the letter h.
10. (Gr. Gram.) A mark to indicate aspiration or its absence. See Rough breathing, Smooth breathing, below.
Breathing place. (a) A pause. ½That c‘sura, or breathing place, in the midst of the verse.¸ Sir P.Sidney. (b) A vent. Ð Breathing time, pause; relaxation. Bp. Hall. Ð Breathing while, time sufficient for drawing breath; a short time. Shak. Ð Rough breathing (spiritus asper) (?). See 2d Asper, n. Ð Smooth breathing (spiritus lenis), a mark (') indicating the absence of the sound of h, as in ? (ienai).
Breath¶less (?), a. 1. Spent with labor or violent action; out of breath.
2. Not breathing; holdingÿthe breath, on account of fear, expectation, or intense interest; attended with a holding of the breath; as, breathless attention.
But breathless, as we grow when feeling most.
Byron.
3. Dead; as, a breathless body.
Breath¶lessÏly, adv. In a breathless manner.
Breath¶lessÏness, n. The state of being breathless or out of breath.
ØBrec¶cia (?), n. [It., breach, pebble, fragments of stone, fr. F. brŠche; of German origin. See Breach.] (Geol.) A rock composed of angular fragments either of the same mineral or of different minerals, etc., united by a cement, and commonly presenting a variety of colors.
Bone breccia, a breccia containing bones, usually fragmentary. Ð Coin breccia, a breccia containing coins.
Brec¶ciÏa·ted (?), a. Consisting of angular fragments cemented together; resembling breccia in appearance.
The brecciated appearance of many specimens [of meteorites].
H.A.Newton.
Bred (?), imp. & p.p. of Breed.
Bred out, degenerated. ½The strain of man's bred out into baboon and monkey.¸ Shak. Ð Bred to arms. See under Arms. Ð Well bred. (a) Of a good family; having a good pedigree. ½A gentleman well bred and of good name.¸ Shak. [Obs., except as applied to domestic animals.] (b) Well brought up, as shown in having good manners; cultivated; refined; polite.
Brede, or Breede (?), n. Breadth. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brede (?), n. [See Braid woven cord.] A braid. [R.]
Half lapped in glowing gauze and golden brede.
Tennyson.
Breech (?), n. [See Breeches.] 1. The lower part of the body behind; the buttocks.
2. Breeches. [Obs.]
Shak.
3. The hinder part of anything; esp., the part of a cannon, or other firearm, behind the chamber.
4. (Naut.) The external angle of knee timber, the inside of which is called the throat.
Breech, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Breeched (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Breeching (?).] 1. To put into, or clothe with, breeches.
A great man … anxious to know whether the blacksmith's ?oungest boy was breeched.
Macaulay.
2. To cover as with breeches. [Poetic]
THeir daggers unmannerly breeched with gore.
Shak.
3. To fit or furnish with a breech; as, to breech a gun.
4. To whip on the breech. [Obs.]
Had not a courteous serving man conveyed me away, whilst he went to fetch whips, I think, in my conscience, he would have breeched me.
Old Play.
5. To fasten with breeching.
Breech¶block (?), n. The movable piece which closes the breech of a breechÐloading firearm, and resists the backward force of the discharge. It is withdrawn for the insertion of a cartridge, and closed again before the gun is fired.
Breech¶cloth· (?), n. A cloth worn aroundÿthe breech.
Breech¶es (?), n. pl. [OE. brech, brek, AS. brÇk, pl. of brÓc breech, breeches; akin to Icel. brÓk breeches, ODan. brog, D. broek, G. bruch; cf. L. bracae, braccae, which is of Celtic origin. Cf. Brail.] 1. A garment worn by men, covering the hips and thighs; smallclothes.
His jacket was red, and his breeches were blue.
Coleridge.
2. Trousers; pantaloons. [Colloq.]
Breeches buoy, in the lifeÐsaving service, a pair of canvas breeches depending from an annular or beltlike life buoy which is usually of cork. This contrivance, inclosing the person to be rescued, is hung by short ropes from a block which runs upon the hawser stretched from the ship to the shore, and is drawn to land by hauling lines. Ð Breeches pipe, a forked pipe forming two branches united at one end. Ð Knee breeches, breeches coming to the knee, and buckled or fastened there; smallclothes. Ð To wear the breeches, to usurp the authority of the husband; Ð said of a wife. [Colloq.]
Breech¶ing (?), n. 1. A whipping on the breech, or the act of whipping on the breech.
I view the prince with Aristarchus' eyes,
Whose looks were as a breeching to a boy.
Marlowe.
2. That part of a harness which passes round the breech of a horse, enabling him to hold back a vehicle.
3. (Naut.) A strong rope rove through the cascabel of a cannon and secured to ringbolts in the ship's side, to limit the recoil of the gun when it is discharged.
4. The sheet iron casing at the end of boilers to convey the smoke from the flues to the smokestack.
Breech¶load·er (?), n. A firearm which receives its load at the breech.
For cavalry, the revolver and breechloader will supersede the saber.
Rep. Sec. War (1860).
Breech¶Ðload·ing, a. Receiving the charge at the breech instead of at the muzzle.
Breech¶ pin· (?), Breech¶ screw· (?). A strong iron or steel plug screwed into the breech of a musket or other firearm, to close the bottom of the bore.
Breech¶ sight· (?). A device attached to the breech of a firearm, to guide the eye, in conjunction with the front sight, in taking aim.
Breed (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bred (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Breeding.] [OE. breden, AS. brÇdanÿto nourish, cherish, keep warm, from brÓd brood; akin to D. broedenÿto brood, OHG. bruoten, G. brten. See Brood.] 1. To produce as offspring; to bring forth; to bear; to procreate; to generate; to beget; to hatch.
Yet every mother breeds not sons alike.
Shak.
If the sun breed maggots in a dead dog.
Shak.
2. To take care of in infancy, and through the age of youth; to bring up; to nurse and foster.
To bring thee forth with pain, with care to breed.
Dryden.
Born and bred on the verge of the wilderness.
Everett.
3. To educate; to instruct; to form by education; to train; Ð sometimes followed by up.
But no care was taken to breed him a Protestant.
Bp. Burnet.
His farm may not remove his children too far from him, or the trade he breeds them up in.
Locke.
4. To engender; to cause; to occasion; to originate; to produce; as, to breed a storm; to breed disease.
Lest the place
And my quaint habits breed astonishment.
Milton.
5. To give birth to; to be the native place of; as, a pond breeds fish; a northern country breeds stout men.
6. To raise, as any kind of stock.
7. To produce or obtain by any natural process. [Obs.]
Children would breed their teeth with less danger.
Locke.
Syn. - To engender; generate; beget; produce; hatch; originate; bring up; nourish; train; instruct.
Breed, v.i. 1. To bear and nourish young; to reproduce or multiply itself; to be pregnant.
That they breed abundantly in the earth.
Gen.viii.17.
The mother had never bred before.
Carpenter.
Ant. Is your gold and silver ewes and rams?
Shy. I can not tell. I make it breed as fast.
Shak.
2. To be formed in the parent or dam; to be generated, or to grow, as young before birth.
3. To have birth; to be produced or multiplied.
Heavens rain grace
On that which breeds between them.
Shak.
4. To raise a breed; to get progeny.
The kind of animal which you wish to breed from.
Gardner.
To breed in and in,ÿto breed from animals of the same stock that are closely related.
Breed, n. 1. A race or variety of men or other animals (or of plants), perpetuating its special or distinctive characteristics by inheritance.
Twice fifteen thousand hearts of England's breed.
Shak.
Greyhounds of the best breed.
Carpenter.
2. Class; sort; kind; Ð of men, things, or qualities.
Are these the breed of wits so wondered at?
Shak.
This courtesy is not of the right breed.
Shak.
3. A number produced at once; a brood. [Obs.]
µ Breed is usually applied to domestic animals; species or variety to wild animals and to plants; and race to men.
Breed¶bate (?), n. One who breeds or originates quarrels. [Obs.] ½No telltale nor no breedbate.¸
Shak.
Breed¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, breeds, produces, brings up, etc.
She was a great breeder.
Dr. A.Carlyle.
Italy and Rome have been the best breeders of worthy men.
Ascham.
2. A cause. ½The breeder of my sorrow.¸
Shak.
Breed¶ing (?), n. 1. The act or process of generating or bearing.
2. The raising or improving of any kind of domestic animals; as, farmers should pay attention to breeding.
3. Nurture; education; formation of manners.
She had her breeding at my father's charge.
Shak.
4. Deportment or behavior in the external offices and decorums of social life; manners; knowledge of, or training in, the ceremonies, or polite observances of society.
Delicacy of breeding, or that polite deference and respect which civility obliges us either to express or counterfeit towards the persons with whom we converse.
Hume.
5. Descent; pedigree; extraction. [Obs.]
Honest gentlemen, I know not your breeding.
Shak.
Close breeding, In and in breeding, breeding from a male and female from the same parentage. Ð Cross breeding, breeding from a male and female of different lineage. Ð Good breeding, politeness; genteel deportment.
Syn. - Education; instruction; nurture; training; manners. See Education.
Breeze (?), n., Breeze¶ fly· (?). [OE. brese, AS. bri¢sa; perh. akin to OHG. brimissa, G. breme, bremse, D. brems, which are akin to G. brummen to growl, buzz, grumble, L. fremereÿto murmur; cf. G. brausen, Sw. brusa, Dan. bruse, to roar, rush.] (Zo”l.) A fly of various species, of the family Tabanid‘, noted for buzzing about animals, and tormenting them by sucking their blood; Ð called also horsefly, and gadfly. They are among the largest of twoÐwinged or dipterous insects. The name is also given to different species of botflies. [Written also breese and brize.]
Breeze, n. [F. brise; akin to It. brezza breeze, Sp. briza, brisa, a breeze from northeast, Pg. briza northeast wind; of uncertain origin; cf. F. bise, Pr. bisa, OHG. bisa, north wind, Arm. biz northeast wind.] 1. A light, gentle wind; a fresh, softÐblowing wind.
Into a gradual calm the breezes sink.
Wordsworth.
2. An excited or ruffed state of feeling; a flurry of excitement; a disturbance; a quarrel; as, the discovery produced a breeze. [Colloq.]
Land breeze, a wind blowing from the land, generally at night. Ð Sea breeze, a breeze or wind blowing, generally in the daytime, from the sea.
Breeze (?), n. [F. braise cinders, live coals. See Brasier.] 1. Refuse left in the process of making coke or burning charcoal.
2. (Brickmaking) Refuse coal, coal ashes, and cinders, used in the burning of bricks.
Breeze, v.i. To blow gently. [R.]
J.Barlow.
To breeze upÿ(Naut.), to blow with increasing freshness.
Breeze¶less, a. Motionless; destitute of breezes.
A stagnant, breezeless air becalms my soul.
Shenstone.
Breez¶iÏness (?), n. State of being breezy.
Breez¶y (?), a. 1. Characterized by, or having, breezes; airy. ½A breezy day in May.¸
Coleridge.
'Mid lawns and shades by breezy rivulets fanned.
Wordsworth.
2. Fresh; brisk; full of life. [Colloq.]
ØBreg¶ma (?), n. [Gr. ? the front part of the head: cf. F. bregma.] (Anat.) The point of junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures of the skull.
BregÏmat¶ic (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the bregma.
Bre¶hon (?), n. [Ir. breitheamh judge.] An ancient Irish or Scotch judge.
Brehon laws, the ancient Irish laws, Ð unwritten, like the common law of England. They were abolished by statute of Edward III.
Breme (?), a. [OE. breme, brime, fierce, impetuous, glorious, AS. brÇme, br?me, famous. Cf. Brim, a.] 1. Fierce; sharp; severe; cruel. [Obs.]
Spenser.
From the septentrion cold, in the breme freezing air.
Drayton.
2. Famous; renowned; well known.
Wright.
[Written also brim and brimme.]
Bren (?), Bren¶ne (?), } v.t. & i. [imp. & p.p. Brent (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brenning.] [See Burn.] To burn. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Consuming fire brent his shearing house or stall.
W.Browne.
Bren, n. Bran. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Bren¶nage (?), n. [OF. brenage; cf. LL. brennagium, brenagium.ÿSee Bran.] (Old Eng. Law) A tribute which tenants paid to their lord, in lieu of bran, which they were obliged to furnish for his hounds.
Bren¶ningÏly, adv. Burningly; ardently. [Obs.]
Brent (?), Brant (?), a. [AS. brant; akin to Dan. brat, Icel. brattr, steep.] 1. Steep; high. [Obs.]
Grapes grow on the brant rocks so wonderfully that ye will marvel how any man dare climb up to them.
Ascham.
2. Smooth; unwrinkled. [Scot.]
Your bonnie brow was brent.
Burns.
Brent, imp. & p.p. of Bren. Burnt. [Obs.]
Brent, n. [Cf. Brant.] A brant. See Brant.
Breq¶uet chain· (?). A watchÐguard.
Brere (?), n. A brier. [Archaic]
Chaucer.
Brest (?), 3d sing.pr. for Bursteth. [Obs.]
Brest, Breast (?), n. (Arch.) A torus. [Obs.]
Bres¶te (?), v.t. & i. [imp. Brast; p.p. Brusten, Borsten, Bursten.] To burst. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brest¶sum·mer (?), n. See Breastsummer.
Bret (?), n. (Zo”l.) See Birt.
Bret¶ful (?), a. [OE. also brerdful, fr. brerd top, brim, AS. brerd.] Brimful. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Breth¶ren (?), n.; pl. of Brother.
µ This form of the plural is used, for the most part, in solemn address, and in speaking of religious sects or fraternities, or their members.
Bret¶on (?), a. [F. breton.] Of or relating to Brittany, or Bretagne, in France. Ð n. A native or inhabitant of Brittany, or Bretagne, in France; also, the ancient language of Brittany; Armorican.
Brett (?), n. Same as Britzska.
Bret¶tice (?), n.; pl. Brettices (?). [OE. bretasce, bretage, parapet, OF. bretesche wooden tower, F. bretŠche, LL. breteschia, bertresca, prob. fr. OHG. bret, G. brett board; akin to E. board. See Board, n., and cf. Bartizan.] The wooden boarding used in supporting the roofs and walls of coal mines. See Brattice.
Bret¶walÏda (?), n. [AS. Bretwalda, br?ten walda, a powerful ruler.] (Eng. Hist.) The official title applied to that one of the AngloÐSaxon chieftains who was chosen by the other chiefs to lead them in their warfare against the British tribes.
Brande & C.
Bret¶zel (?), n. [G.] See Pretzel.
Breve (?), n. [It. & (in sense 2) LL. breve, fr. L. brevis short. See Brief.] 1. (Mus.) A note or character of time, equivalent to two semibreves or four minims. When dotted, it is equal to three semibreves. It was formerly of a square figure (as thus: ? ), but is now made oval, with a line perpendicular to the staff on each of its sides; Ð formerly much used for choir service.
Moore.
2. (Law) Any writ or precept under seal, issued out of any court.
3. (Print.) A curved mark [?] used commonly to indicate the short quantity of a vowel.
4. (Zo”l.) The great ant thrush of Sumatra (Pitta gigas), which has a very short tail.
BreÏvet¶ (?), n. [F. brevet, LL. brevetum, fr. L. brevis short. See Brief.] 1. A warrant from the government, granting a privilege, title, or dignity. [French usage].
2. (Mil.) A commission giving an officer higher rank than that for which he receives pay; an honorary promotion of an officer.
µ In the United States army, rank by brevet is conferred, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for ½gallant actions or meritorious services.¸ A brevet rank gives no right of command in the particular corps to which the officer brevetted belongs, and can be exercised only by special assignment of the President, or on court martial, and detachments composed of different corps, with pay of the brevet rank when on such duty.

<— p. 180 —>

<— p. 180 —>

BreÏvet¶ (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brevetted (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brevetting.] (Mil.) To confer rank upon by brevet.
BreÏvet¶, a. (Mil.) Taking or conferring rank by brevet; as, a brevet colonel; a brevet commission.
BreÏvet¶cy (?), n.; pl. Brevetcies (?). (Mil.)ÿThe rank or conditionÿof a brevet officer.
Bre¶viÏaÏry (?), n.; pl. Breviaries (?). [F. br‚viarie, L. breviarium summary, abridgment, neut. noun fr. breviarius abridged, fr. brevis short. See Brief, and cf. Brevier.] 1. An abridgment; a compend; an epitome; a brief account or summary.
A book entitled the abridgment or breviary of those roots that are to be cut up or gathered.
Holland.
2. A book containing the daily public or canonical prayers of the Roman Catholic or of the Greek Church for the seven canonical hours, namely, matins and lauds, the first, third, sixth, and ninth hours, vespers, and compline; Ð distinguishedÿfrom the missal.
Bre¶viÏate (?), n. [L. breviatus, p.p. of breviareÿto shorten, brevis short.] 1. A short compend; a summary; a brief statement.
I omit in this breviate to rehearse.
Hakluyt.
The same little breviates of infidelity have … been published and dispersed with great activity.
Bp. Porteus.
2. A lawyer's brief. [R.]
Hudibras.
Bre¶viÏate (?), v.t. To abbreviate. [Obs.]
Bre¶viÏaÏture (?), n. An abbreviature; an abbreviation. [Obs.]
Johnson.
BreÏvier¶ (?), n. [Prob. from being originally used in printing a breviary. See Breviary.] (Print.) A size of type between bourgeous and minion.
µ This line is printed in brevier type. ?
BreÏvil¶oÏquence (?), n. [L. breviloquentia.] A brief and pertinent mode of speaking. [R.]
Brev¶iÏped (?), a. [L. brevis short + pes, pedis, foot: cf. F. br‚vipŠde.] (Zo”l.) Having short legs. Ð n. A breviped bird.
Brev¶iÏpen (?), n. [L. brevis short + penna wing: cf. F. br‚vipenne.] (Zo”l.) A brevipennate bird.
Brev·iÏpen¶nate (?), a. [L. brevis short + E. pennate.] (Zo”l.) ShortÐwinged; Ð applied to birds which can not fly, owing to their short wings, as the ostrich, cassowary, and emu.
Brev·iÏros¶tral (?), Brev·iÏros¶trate (?), } a. [L. brevis short + E. rostral, rostrate.] (Zo”l.) ShortÐbilled; having aÿshort beak.
Brev¶iÏty (?), n.; pl. Brevities (?). [L. brevitas, fr. brevis short: cf. F. briŠvit‚. See Brief.] 1. Shortness of duration; briefness of time; as, the brevity of human life.
2. Contraction into few words; conciseness.
Brevity is the soul of wit.
Shak.
This argument is stated by St. John with his usual elegant brevity and simplicity.
Bp. Porteus.
Syn. - Shortness; conciseness; succinctness; terseness.
Brew (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brewed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brewing.] [OE. brewen, AS. bre¢wan; akin to D. brouwen, OHG. priuwan, MHG. briuwen, br?wen, G. brauen, Icel. brugga, Sw. brygga, Dan. brygge, and perh. to L. defrutum must boiled down, Gr. ? (for ??) a kind of beer. The original meaning seems to have been to prepare by heat. û93.ÿCf. Broth, Bread.] 1. To boil or seethe; to cook. [Obs.]
2. To prepare, as beer or other liquor, from malt and hops, or from other materials, by steeping, boiling, and fermentation. ½She brews good ale.¸
Shak.
3. To prepare by steeping and mingling; to concoct.
Go, brew me a pottle of sack finely.
Shak.
4. To foment or prepare, as by brewing; to contrive; to plot; to concoct; to hatch; as, to brew mischief.
Hence with thy brewed enchantments, foul deceiver!
Milton.
Brew (?), v.i. 1. To attend to the business, or go through the processes, of brewing or making beer.
I wash, wring, brew, bake, scour.
Shak.
2. To be in a state of preparation; to be mixing, forming, or gathering; as, a storm brews in the west.
There is some ill aÐbrewing towards my rest.
Shak.
Brew (?), n. The mixture formed by brewing; that which is brewed.
Bacon.
Brew¶age (?), n. Malt liquor; drink brewed. ½Some wellÐspiced brewage.¸
Milton.
A rich brewage, made of the best Spanish wine.
Macaulay.
Brew¶er (?), n. One who brews; one whose occupation is to prepare malt liquors.
Brew¶erÏy (?), n. A brewhouse; the building and apparatus where brewing is carried on.
Brew¶house· (?), n. A house or building appropriated to brewing; a brewery.
Brew¶ing (?), n. 1. The act or process of preparing liquors which are brewed, as beer and ale.
2. The quantity brewed at once.
A brewing of new beer, set by old beer.
Bacon.
3. A mixing together.
I am not able to avouch anything for certainty, such a brewing and sophistication of them they make.
Holland.
4. (Naut.) A gathering or formingÿof a storm or squall, indicated by thick, dark clouds.
Brew¶is (?), n. [OE. brewis, brouwys, browesse, brewet, OF. brouet, Ïs being the OF. ending of the nom. sing. and acc. pl.; dim. of OHG. brod. û93. See Broth, and cf. Brose.] 1. Broth or pottage. [Obs.]
Let them of their Bonner's ½beef¸ and ½broth¸ make what brewis they please for their credulous guests.
Bp. Hall.
2. Bread soaked in broth, drippings of roast meat, milk, or water and butter.
Brews¶terÏite (?), n. [Named after Sir David Brewster.] A rare zeolitic mineral occurring in white monolitic crystals with pearly luster. It is a hydrous silicate of aluminia, baryta, and strontia.
Brez¶iÏlin (?), n. See Brazilin.
Bri¶ar (?), n. Same as Brier.
BriÏa¶reÏan (?), a. [L. Briareius, fr. Briareus a mythological hundredÐhanded giant, Gr. ?, fr. ? strong.] Pertaining to, or resembling, Briareus, a giant fabled to have a hundred hands; hence, hundredÐhanded or manyÐhanded.
Brib¶aÏble (?), a. Capable of being bribed.
A more bribable class of electors.
S.Edwards.
Bribe (?), n. [F. bribe a lump of bread, scraps, leavings of meals (that are generally given to a beggar), LL. briba scrap of bread; cf. OF. briber, brifer, to eat gluttonously, to beg, and OHG. bilibi food.] 1. A gift begged; a present. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. A price, reward, gift, or favor bestowed or promised with a view to prevent the judgment or corrupt the conduct of a judge, witness, voter, or other person in a position of trust.
Undue rewardÿfor anything against justice is a bribe.
Hobart.
3. That which seduces; seduction; allurement.
Not the bribes of sordid wealth can seduce to leave these ever?blooming sweets.
Akenside.
Bribe, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bribed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bribing.] 1. To rob or steal. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. To give or promise a reward or consideration to (a judge, juror, legislator, voter, or other person in a position of trust) with a view to prevent the judgment or corrupt the conduct; to induce or influence by a bribe; to give a bribe to.
Neither is he worthy who bribes a man to vote against his conscience.
F.W.Robertson.
3. To gain by a bribe; of induce as by a bribe.
Bribe, v.i. 1. To commit robbery or theft. [Obs.]
2. To give a bribe to a person; to pervert the judgment or corrupt the action of a person in a position of trust, by some gift or promise.
An attempt to bribe, though unsuccessful, has been holden to be criminal, and the offender may be indicted.
Bouvier.
The bard may supplicate, but cannot bribe.
Goldsmith.
Bribe¶less, a. Incapable of being bribed; free from bribes.
From thence to heaven's bribeless hall.
Sir W.Raleigh.
Bribe¶er (?), n. 1. A thief. [Obs.]
Lydgate.
2. One who bribes, or pays for corrupt practices.
3. That which bribes; a bribe.
His service … were a sufficient briber for his life.
Shak.
Bribe¶erÏy (?), n.; pl. Briberies (?). [OE. brybery rascality, OF. briberie. See Bribe, n.] 1. Robbery; extortion. [Obs.]
2. The act or practice of giving or taking bribes; the act of influencing the official or political action of another by corrupt inducements.
Bribery oath, an oath taken by a person that he has not been bribed as to voting. [Eng.]
Bric¶Ða brac· (?), n. [F.] Miscellaneous curiosities and works of decorative art, considered collectively.
A piece of bricÐaÐbrac, any curious or antique article of virtu, as a piece of antiquated furniture or metal work, or an odd knickknack.
Brick (?), n. [OE. brik, F. brique; of Ger. origin; cf. AS. brice a breaking, fragment, Prov. E. brique piece, brique de pain, equiv. to AS. hl¾fes brice, fr. the root of E. break. See Break.] 1. A block or clay tempered with water, sand, etc., molded into a regular form, usually rectangular, and sunÐdried, or burnt in a kiln, or in a heap or stack called a clamp.
The Assyrians appear to have made much less use of bricks baked in the furnace than the Babylonians.
Layard.
2. Bricks, collectively, as designating that kind of material; as, a load of brick; a thousand of brick.
Some of Palladio's finest examples are of brick.
Weale.
3. Any oblong rectangular mass; as, a brick of maple sugar; a penny brick (of bread).
4. A good fellow; a merry person; as, you 're a brick. [Slang] ½He 's a dear little brick.¸
Thackeray.
To have a brick in one's hat, to be drunk. [Slang]
µ Brick is used adjectively or in combination; as, brick wall; brick clay; brick color; brick red.
Brick clay, clay suitable for, or used in making, bricks. Ð Brick dust, dust of pounded or broken bricks. Ð Brick earth, clay or earth suitable for, or used in making, bricks. Ð Brick loaf, a loaf of bread somewhat resembling a brick in shape. Ð Brick noggingÿ(Arch.), rough brickwork used to fill in the spaces between the uprights of a wooden partition; brick filling. Ð Brick tea, tea leaves and young shoots, or refuse tea, steamed or mixed with fat, etc., and pressed into the form of bricks. It is used in Northern and Central Asia. S.W.Williams. Ð Brick trimmer (Arch.), a brick arch under a hearth, usually within the thickness of a wooden floor, to guard against accidents by fire. Ð Brick trowel. See Trowel. Ð Brick works, a place where bricks are made. Ð Bath brick. See under Bath, a city. Ð Pressed brick, bricks which, before burning, have been subjected to pressure, to free them from the imperfections of shape and texture which are common in molded bricks.
Brick, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bricked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bricking.] 1. To lay or pave with bricks; to surround, line, or construct with bricks.
2. To imitate or counterfeit a brick wall on, as by smearing plaster with red ocher, making the joints with an edge tool, and pointing them.
To brick up, to fill up, inclose, or line, with brick.
Brick¶bat· (?), n. A piece or fragment of a brick. See Bat, 4.
Bacon.
Brick¶kiln· (?), n. A kiln, or furnace, in which bricks are baked or burnt; or a pile of green bricks, laid loose, with arches underneath to receive the wood or fuel for burning them.
Brick¶lay·er (?), n. [Brick + lay.] One whose pccupation is to build with bricks.
Bricklayer's itch. See under Itch.
Brick¶lay·ing, n. The art of building with bricks, or of uniting them by cement or mortar into various forms; the act or occupation of laying bricks.
Bric¶kle (?), a. [OE. brekil, brokel, bruchel, fr. AS. brecan, E. break. Cf. Brittle.] Brittle; easily broken. [Obs. or Prov.]
Spenser.
As stubborn steel excels the brickle glass.
Turbervile.
Bric¶kleÏness, n. Brittleness. [Obs.]
Brick¶mak·er (?), n. One whose occupation is to make bricks. Ð Brick¶makÏing, n.
Brick¶work· (?), n. 1. Anything made of bricks.
Niches in brickwork form the most difficult part of the bricklayer's art.
Tomlinson.
2. The act of building with or laying bricks.
Brick¶y (?), a. Full of bricks; formed of bricks; resembling bricks or brick dust. [R.]
Spenser.
Brick¶yard· (?), n. A place where bricks are made, especially an inclosed place.
ØBriÏcole¶ (?), n. [F.] (Mil.) A kind of traces with hooks and rings, with which men drag and maneuver guns where horses can not be used.
Brid (?), n. A bird. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brid¶al (?), a. [From Bride. Cf. Bridal, n.] Of or pertaining to a bride, or to wedding; nuptial; as, bridal ornaments; a bridal outfit; a bridal chamber.
Brid¶al, n. [OE. bridale, brudale, AS. br?dealo brideale, bridal feast. See Bride, and Ale, 2.] A nuptia; festival or ceremony; a marriage.
Sweet day, so cool, so calm, so bright,
The bridal of the earth and sky.
Herbert.
Brid¶alÏty (?), n. Celebration of the nuptial feast. [Obs.] ½In honor of this bridalty.¸
B.Jonson.
Bride (?), n. [OE. bride, brid, brude, brud, burd, AS. br?d; akin to OFries. breid, OSax. br?d, D. bruid, OHG. pr?t, br?t, G. braut, Icel. br??r, Sw. & Dan. brud, Goth. br33s; cf. Armor. pried spouse, W. priawd a married person.] 1. A woman newly married, or about to be married.
Has by his own experience tried
How much the wife is dearer than the bride.
Lyttleton.
I will show thee the bride, the Lamb's wife.
Rev.xxi.9.
2. Fig.: An object ardently loved.
Bride of the sea, the city of Venice.
Bride, v.t. To make a bride of. [Obs.]
Bride¶Ïale· (?), n. [See Bridal.] A rustic wedding feast; a bridal. See Ale.
The man that 's bid to brideÐale, if he ha' cake,
And drink enough, he need not fear his stake.
B.Jonson.
Bride¶bed· (?), n. The marriage bed. [Poetic]
Bride¶cake· (?), n. Rich or highly ornamented cake, to be distributed to the guests at a wedding, or sent to friends after the wedding.
Bride¶cham·ber (?), n. The nuptial appartment.
Matt.ix.15.
Bride¶groom· (?), n. [OE. bridegome, brudgume, AS. br?dguma (akin to OS. br?digumo, D. bruidegom, bruigom, OHG. pr?tigomo, MHG. briutegome, G. br„utigam); AS. br?dÿbride + guma man, akin to Goth. guma, Icel. gumi, OHG. gomo, L. homo; the insertion of r being caused by confusion with groom. See Bride, and cf. Groom, Homage.] A man newly married, or just about to be married.
Bride¶knot· (?), n. A knot of ribbons worn by a guest at a wedding; a wedding favor. [Obs.]
Bride¶maid· (?), n., Bride¶man (?), n. See Bridesmaid, Bridesman.
Brides¶maid· (?), n. A female friend who attends on a bride at her wedding.
Brides¶man (?), n.; pl. Bridesmen (?). A male friend who attends upon a bridegroom and bride at their marriage; the ½best man.¸
Sir W.Scott.
Bride¶stake· (?), n. A stake or post set in the ground, for guests at a wedding to dance round.
Divide the broad bridecake
Round about the bridestake.
B.Jonson.
Bride¶well (?), n. A house of correction for the confinement of disorderly persons; Ð so called from a hospital built in 1553 near St. Bride's (or Bridget's) well, in London, which was subsequently a penal workhouse.
Bridge (?), n. [OE. brig, brigge, brug, brugge, AS. brycg, bricg; akin to Fries. bregge, D. brug, OHG. bruccu, G. brcke, Icel. bryggja pier, bridge, Sw. brygga, Dan. brygge, and prob. Icel. br?ÿbridge, Sw. & Dan. broÿbridge, pavement, and possibly to E. brow.] 1. A structure, usually of wood, stone, brick, or iron, erected over a river or other water course, or over a chasm, railroad, etc., to make a passageway from one bank to the other.
2. Anything supported at the ends, which serves to keep some other thing from resting upon the object spanned, as in engraving, watchmaking, etc., or which forms a platform or staging over which something passes or is conveyed.
3. (Mus.) The small arch or bar at right angles to the strings of a violin, guitar, etc., serving of raise them and transmit their vibrations to the body of the instrument.
4. (Elec.) A device to measure the resistance of a wire or other conductor forming part of an electric circuit.
5. A low wall or vertical partition in the fire chamber of a furnace, for deflecting flame, etc.; Ð usually called a bridge wall.
Aqueduct bridge. See Aqueduct. Ð Asses' bridge, Bascule bridge, Bateau bridge. See under Ass, Bascule, Bateau. Ð Bridge of a steamerÿ(Naut.), a narrow platform across the deck, above the rail, for the convenience of the officer in charge of the ship; in paddlewheel vessels it connects the paddle boxes. Ð Bridge of the nose, the upper, bony part of the nose. Ð Cantalever bridge. See under Cantalever. Ð Draw bridge. See Drawbridge. Ð Flying bridge, a temporary bridge suspended or floating, as for the passage of armies; also, a floating structure connected by a cable with an anchor or pier up stream, and made to pass from bank to bank by the action of the current or other means. Ð Girder bridgeÿor Truss bridge, a bridge formed by girders, or by trusses resting upon abutments or piers. Ð Lattice bridge, a bridge formed by lattice girders. Ð Pontoon bridge, Ponton bridge. See under Pontoon. Ð Skew bridge, a bridge built obliquely from bank to bank, as sometimes required in railway engineering. Ð Suspension bridge. See under Suspension. Ð Trestle bridge, a bridge formed of a series of short, simple girders resting on trestles. Ð Tubular bridge, a bridge in the form of a hollow trunk or rectangular tube, with cellular walls made of iron plates riveted together, as the Britannia bridge over the Menai Strait, and the Victoria bridge at Montreal. Ð Wheatstone's bridge (Elec.), a device for the measurement of resistances, so called because the balance between the resistances to be measured is indicated by the absence of a current in a certain wire forming a bridge or connection between two points of the apparatus; Ð invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone.

<— p. 181 —>

Bridge (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bridged (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bridging.] 1. To build a bridge or bridges on or over; as, to bridge a river. Their simple engineering bridged with felled trees the streams which could not be forded. Palfrey. 2. To open or make a passage, as by a bridge. Xerxes … over Hellespont Bridging his way, Europe with Asia joined. Milton. 3. To find a way of getting over, as a difficulty; Ð generally with over. Bridge¶board· (?), n. 1. (Arch.) A notched board to which the treads and risers of the steps of wooden stairs are fastened. 2. A board or plank used as a bridge. Bridge¶head· (?), n. A fortification commanding the extremity of a bridge nearest the enemy, to insure the preservation and usefulness of the bridge, and prevent the enemy from crossing; a tˆteÐdeÐpont. Bridge¶less, a. Having no bridge; not bridged. Bridge¶pot· (?), n. (Mining) The adjustable socket, or step, of a millstone spindle. Knight. Bridge¶tree· (?), n. [Bridge + tree a beam.] (Mining) The beam which supports the spindle socket of the runner in a grinding mill. Knight. Bridge¶Ðward· (?), n. 1. Aÿbridge keeper; a warden or a guard for a bridge. [Obs.] Sir W.Scott. 2. The principal ward of a key. Knight. Bridge¶ing (?), n. (Arch.) The system of bracing used between floor or other timbers to distribute the weight. Bridging joist. Same as Binding joist. Bridge¶y (?), a. Full of bridges. [R.] Sherwood. Bri¶dle (?), n. [OE. bridel, AS. bridel; akin to OHG. britil, brittil, D. breidel, and possibly to E. braid. Cf. Bridoon.] 1. The head gear with which a horse is governed and restrained, consisting of a headstall, a bit, and reins, with other appendages. 2. A restraint; a curb; a check. I.Watts. 3. (Gun.) The piece in the interior of a gun lock, which holds in place the timbler, sear, etc. 4. (Naut.) (a) A span of rope, line, or chain made fast as both ends, so that another rope, line, or chain may be attached to its middle. (b) A mooring hawser. Bowline bridle. See under Bowline. Ð Branches of a bridle. See under Branch. Ð Bridle cable (Naut.), a cable which is bent to a bridle. See 4, above. Ð Bridle hand, the hand which holds the bridle in riding; the left hand. Ð Bridle path, Bridle way, a path or way for saddle horses and pack horses, as distinguished from a road for vehicles. Ð Bridle port (Naut.), a porthole or opening in the bow through which hawsers, mooring or bridle cables, etc., are passed. Ð Bridle rein, a rein attached to the bit. Ð Bridle road. (a) Same as Bridle path. Lowell. (b) A road in a pleasure park reserved for horseback exercise. Ð Bridle track, a bridle path. Ð Scolding bridle. See Branks, 2. Syn. - A check; restrain. Bri¶dle, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bridled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bridling (?).] 1. To put a bridle upon; to equip with a bridle; as, to bridle a horse. He bridled her mouth with a silkweed twist. Drake. 2. To restrain, guide, or govern, with, or as with, a bridle; to check, curb, or control; as, to bridle the passions; to bridle a muse. Addison. Savoy and Nice, the keys of Italy, and the citadel in her hands to bridle Switzerland, are in that consolidation. Burke. Syn. - To check; restrain; curb; govern; control; repress; master; subdue. Bri¶dle, v.i. To hold up the head, and draw in the chin, as an expression of pride, scorn, or resentment; to assume a lofty manner; Ð usually with up. ½His bridling neck.¸ Wordsworth. By her bridling up I perceived she expected to be treated hereafter not as Jenny Distaff, but Mrs. Tranquillus. Tatler. Bri¶dle i·ron (?). (Arch.) A strong flat bar of iron, so bent as to support, as in a stirrup, one end of a floor timber, etc., where no sufficient bearing can be had; Ð called also stirrupÿand hanger. Bri¶dler (?), n. One who bridles; one who restrains and governs, as with a bridle. Milton. BriÏdoon¶ (?), n. [F. bridon, from bride; of German origin. See Bridle, n.] (Mil.) The snaffle and rein of a military bridle, which acts independently of the bit, at the pleasure of the rider. It is used in connection with a curb bit, which has its own rein. Campbell. Brief (?), a. [OE. bref, F. brief, bref, fr. L. brevis; akin to Gr. ? short, and perh. to Skr. barhÿto tear. Cf. Breve.] 1. Short in duration. How brief the life of man. Shak. 2. Concise; terse; succinct. The brief style is that which expresseth much in little. B.Jonson. 3. Rife; common; prevalent. [Prov. Eng.] In brief. See under Brief, n. Syn. - Short; concise; succinct; summary; compenduous; condensed; terse; curt; transistory; shortÐlived. Brief, adv. 1. Briefly. [Obs. or Poetic] Adam, faltering long, thus answered brief. Milton. 2. Soon; quickly. [Obs.] Shak. Brief (?), n. [See Brief, a., and cf. Breve.] 1. A short concise writing or letter; a statement in few words. Bear this sealed brief, With winged hastle, to the lord marshal. Shak. And she told me In a sweet, verbal brief. Shak. 2. An epitome. Each woman is a briefÿof womankind. Overbury. 3. (Law) An abridgment or concise statement of a client's case, made out for the instruction of counsel in a trial at law. This word is applied also to a statement of the heads or points of a law argument. It was not without some reference to it that I perused many a brief. Sir J.Stephen. µ In England, the brief is prepared by the attorney; in the United States, counsel generally make up their own briefs. 4. (Law) A writ; a breve. See Breve, n., 2. 5. (Scots Law) A writ issuing from the chancery, directed to any judge ordinary, commanding and authorizing that judge to call a jury to inquire into the case, and upon their verdict to pronounce sentence. 6. A letter patent, from proper authority, authorizing a collection or charitable contribution of money in churches, for any public or private purpose. [Eng.] Apostolical brief, a letter of the pope written on fine parchment in modern characters, subscribed by the secretary of briefs, dated ½a die Nativitatis,¸ i.e., ½from the day of the Nativity,¸ and sealed with the ring of the fisherman. It differs from a bull, in its parchment, written character, date, and seal. See Bull. Ð Brief of title, an abstract or abridgment of all the deeds and other papers constituting the chain of title to any real estate. Ð In brief, in a few words; in short; briefly. ½Open the matter in brief.¸ Shak. Brief, v.t. To make an abstract or abridgment of; to shorten; as, to brief pleadings. Brief¶less (?), a. Having no brief; without clients; as, a briefless barrister. Brief¶ly (?), adv. Concisely; in few words. Brief¶man (?), n. 1. One who makes a brief. 2. A copier of a manuscript. Brief¶ness (?), n. The quality of being brief; brevity; conciseness in discourse or writing. Bri¶er, Bri¶ar (?), n. [OE. brere, brer, AS. brÇr, br‘r; cf. Ir. briar prickle, thorn, brier, pin, Gael. preas bush, brier, W. prys, prysg.] 1. A plant with a slender woody stem bearing stout prickles; especially, species of Rosa, Rubus, and Smilax. 2. Fig.: Anything sharp or unpleasant to the feelings. The thorns and briers of reproof. Cowper. Brier root, the root of the southern Smilax laurifolia and S. Walleri; Ð used for tobacco pipes. Ð Cat brier, Green brier, several species of Smilax (S. rotundifolia, etc.) Ð Sweet brier (Rosa rubiginosa). See Sweetbrier. Ð Yellow brier, the Rosa Eglantina. Bri¶ered (?), a. Set with briers. Chatterton. Bri¶erÏy (?), a. Full of briers; thorny. Bri¶erÏy, n. A place where briers grow. Huloet. Brig (?), n. A bridge. [Scot.] Burns. Brig, n. [Shortened from Brigantine.] (Naut.) A twoÐmasted, squareÐrigged vessel. Hermaphrodite brig, a twoÐmasted vessel squareÐrigged forward and schoonerÐrigged aft. See Illustration in Appendix. BriÏgade¶ (?), n. [F. brigade, fr. It. brigata troop, crew, brigade, originally, a contending troop, fr. briga trouble, quarrel. See Brigand.] 1. (Mil.) A body of troops, whether cavalry, artillery, infantry, or mixed, consisting of two or more regiments, under the command of a brigadier general. µ Two or more brigades constitute a division, commanded by a major general; two or more divisions constitute an army corps, or corps d'arm‚e. [U.S.] 2. Any body of persons organized for actingÿor marching together under authority; as, a fire brigade. Brigade inspector, an officer whose duty is to inspect troops in companies before they are mustered into service. Ð Brigade major, an officer who may be attached to a brigade to assist the brigadier in his duties. BriÏgade¶, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brigaded; p.pr. & vb.n. Brigading.] (Mil.) To form into a brigade, or into brigades. Brig·aÏdier¶ gen¶erÏal (?). [F. brigadier, fr. brigade.] (Mil.) An officer in rank next above a colonel, and below a major general. He commands a brigade, and is sometimes called, by a shortening of his title, simple a brigadier. Brig¶and (?), n. [F. brigand, OF. brigant lightÐarmed soldier, fr. LL. brigans lightÐarmed soldier (cf. It. brigante.) fr. brigare to strive, contend, fr. briga quarrel; prob. of German origin, and akin to E. break; cf. Goth. brikanÿto break, brakja strife. Cf. Brigue.] 1. A lightÐarmed, irregular foot soldier. [Obs.] 2. A lawless fellow who lives by plunder; one of a band of robbers; especially, one of a gang living in mountain retreats; a highwayman; a freebooter. Giving them not a little the air of brigands or banditti. Jeffery. Brig¶andÏage (?), n. [F. brigandage.] Life and practice of brigands; highway robbery; plunder. Brig¶anÏdine (?), n. [F. brigandine (cf. It. brigantina), fr. OF. brigant. See Brigand.] A coast of armor for the body, consistingÿof scales or plates, sometimes overlappingÿeach other, generally of metal, and sewed to linen or other material. It was worn in the Middle Ages. [Written also brigantine.] Jer.xlvi.4. Then put on all thy gorgeous arms, thy helmet, And brigandine of brass. Milton. Brig¶andÏish (?), a. Like a brigand or freebooter; robberlike. Brig¶andÏism (?), n. Brigandage. Brig¶anÏtine (?), n. [F. brigantin, fr. It. brigantino, originally, a practical vessel. See Brigand, and cf. Brig] 1. A practical vessel. [Obs.] 2. A twoÐmasted, squareÐrigged vessel, differing from a brig in that she does not carry a square mainsail. 3. See Brigandine. Brig¶ge (?), n. A bridge. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bright (?), v.i. See Brite, v.i. Bright (?), a. [OE. briht, AS. beorht, briht; akin to OS. berht, OHG. beraht, Icel. bjartr, Goth. ba¡rhts. û94.] 1. Radiating or reflecting light; shedding or having much light; shining; luminous; not dark. The sun was bright o'erhead. Longfellow. The earth was dark, but the heavens were bright. Drake. The public places were as bright as at noonday. Macaulay. 2. Transmitting light; clear; transparent. From the brightest wines He 'd turn abhorrent. Thomson. 3. Having qualities that render conspicuous or attractive, or that affect the mind as light does the eye; resplendent with charms; as, bright beauty. Bright as an angel newÐdropped from the sky. Parnell. 4. Having a clear, quick intellect; intelligent. 5. Sparkling with wit; lively; vivacious; shedding cheerfulness and joy around; cheerful; cheery. Be bright and jovial among your guests. Shak. 6. Illustrious; glorious. In the brightest annals of a female reign. Cotton. 7. Manifest to the mind, as light is to the eyes; clear; evident; plain. That he may with more ease, with brighter evidence, and with surer success, draw the bearner on. I.Watts. 8. Of brilliant color; of lively hue or appearance. Here the bright crocus and blue violet grew. Pope. µ Bright is used in composition in the sense of brilliant, clear, sunny, etc.; as, brightÐeyed, brightÐhaired, brightÐhued. Syn. - Shining; splending; luminous; lustrous; brilliant; resplendent; effulgent; refulgent; radiant; sparkling; glittering; lucid; beamy; clear; transparent; illustrious; witty; clear; vivacious; sunny. Bright, n. Splendor; brightness. [Poetic] Dark with excessive bright thy skirts appear. Milton. Bright, adv. Brightly. Chaucer. I say it is the moon that shines so bright. Shak. Bright¶en, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brightened (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brightening.] From Bright, a.] 1. To make bright or brighter; to make to shine; to increase the luster of; to give a brighter hue to. 2. To make illustrious, or more distinguished; to add luster or splendor to. The present queen would brighten her character, if she would exert her authority to instill virtues into her people. Swift. 3. To improve or relieve by dispelling gloom or removing that which obscures and darkens; to shed light upon; to make cheerful; as, to brighten one's prospects. An ecstasy, which mothers only feel, Plays round my heart and brightens all my sorrow. Philips. 4. To make acute or witty; to enliven. Johnson. Bright¶en, v.i. [AS. beorhtan.] To grow bright, or more bright; to become less dark or gloomy; to clear up; to become bright or cheerful. And night shall brighten into day. N.Cotton. And, all his prospects brightening to the last, His heaven commences ere world be past. Goldsmith. Bright¶Ðhar·nessed (?), a. Having glittering armor. [Poetic] Milton. Bright¶ly, adv. 1. Brilliantly; splendidly; with luster; as, brightly shining armor. 2. With lively intelligence; intelligently. Looking brightly into the mother's face. Hawthorne. Bright¶ness, n. [AS. beorhines. See Bright.] 1. The quality or state of being bright; splendor; luster; brilliancy; clearness. A sudden brightness in his face appear. Crabbe. 2. Acutenessÿ(of the faculties); sharpness 9wit. The brightness of his parts … distinguished him. Prior. Syn. - Splendor; luster; radiance; resplendence; brilliancy; effulgence; glory; clearness. Bright's¶ disÏease¶ (?). [From Dr. Bright of London, who first described it.] (Med.) An affection of the kidneys, usually inflammatory in character, and distinguished by the occurrence of albumin and renal casts in the urine. Several varieties of Bright's disease are now recognized, differing in the part of the kidney involved, and in the intensity and course of the morbid process. Bright¶some (?), a. Bright; clear; luminous; brilliant. [R.] Marlowe. BriÏgose¶ (?), a. [LL. brigosus, It. brigoso. See Brigue, n.] Contentious; quarrelsome. [Obs.] Puller. Brigue (?), n. [F. brigue, fr. LL. briga quarrel. See Brigand.] A cabal, intrigue, faction, contention, strife, or quarrel. [Obs.] Chesterfield. Brigue, v.i. [F. briguer. See Brigue, n.] To contend for; to canvass; to solicit. [Obs.] Bp. Hurd. Brike (?), n. [AS. brice.] A breach; ruin; downfall; peril. [Obs.] Chaucer. Brill (?), n. [Cf. Corn. brilli mackerel, fr. brith streaked, speckled.] (Zo”l.) A fish allied to the turbot (Rhombus levis), much esteemed in England for food; Ð called also bret, pearl, prill. See Bret. ØBrilÏlan¶te (?), adv. [It. See Brilliant, a.] (Mus.) In a gay, showy, and sparkling style. Bril¶lance (?), n. Brilliancy. Tennyson. Bril¶lanÏcy (?), n. [See Brilliant.] The quality of being brilliant; splendor; glitter; great brighness, whether in a literal or figurative sense. With many readers brilliancy of style passes for affluence of thought. Longfellow.

<— p. 182 —>

Bril¶liant (?), a. [F. brillant, p.pr. of brillerÿto shine or sparkle (cf. Pr. & Sp. brillar, It. brillare), fr. L. beryllus a precious stone of seaÐgreen color, Prov. It. brill. See Beryl.] 1. Sparklingÿwith luster; glittering; very bright; as, a brilliant star.
2. Distinguished by qualities which excite admiration; splended; shining; as, brilliant talents.
Washington was more solicitous to avoid fatal mistakes than to perform brilliant exploits.
Fisher Ames.
Syn. - See Shining.
Bril¶liant, n. [F. brillant. See Brilliant, a.] 1. A diamond or other gem of the finest cut, formed into faces and facets, so as to reflect and refract the light, by which it is rendered nore brilliant. It has at the middle, or top, a principal face, called the table, which is surrounded by a number of sloping facets forming a bizet; below, it has a small face or collet, parallel to the table, connected with the gridle by a pavilion of elongated facets. It is thus distinguished from the rose diamond, which is entirely covered with facets on the surface, and is flat below.
This snuffbox Ð on the hinge see brilliants shine.
Pope.
2. (Print.) The small size of type used in England printing.
µ This line is printed in the type called Brilliant. ??
3. A kind of kotton goods, figured on the weaving.
Bril¶liantÏly, adv. In a brilliant manner.
Bril¶liantÏness, n. Brilliancy; splendor; glitter.
Brills (?), n. pl. [CF. G. brille spectacles, D. bril, fr. L. berillus. See Brilliant.] The hair on the eyelids of a horse.
Bailey.
Brim (?), n. [OE. brim, brimme, AS. brymme edge, border; akin to Icel. barmr, Sw. br„m, Dan. br‘mme, G. brame, br„me. Possibly the same word as AS. brim surge, sea, and properly meaning, the line of surf at the border of the sea, and akin to L. fremere to roar, murmur. Cf. Breeze a fly.] 1. The rim, border, or upper sdge of a cup, dish, or any hollow vessel used for holding anything.
Saw I that insect on this goblet's brim
I would remove it with an anxious pity.
Coleridge.
2. The edgeÿor margin, as of a fountain, or of the water contained in it; the brink; border.
The feet of the priest that bare the ark were dipped in the brim of the water.
Josh.iii.15.
3. The rim of a hat.
Wordsworth.
Brim, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Brimmed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brimming.] To be full to the brim. ½The brimming stream.¸
Milton.
To brim over (literally or figuratively), to be so full that some of the contents flows over the brim; as, cup brimming overÿwith wine; a man brimming over with fun.
Brim, v.t. To fill to the brim, upper edge, or top.
Arrange the board and brim the glass.
Tennyson.
Brim, a. Fierce; sharp; cold. See Breme. [Obs.]
Brim¶ful (?), a. Full to the brim; completely full; ready to overflow. ½Her brimful eyes.¸
Dryden.
Brim¶less, a. Having no brim; as, brimless caps.
Brimmed (?), a. 1. Having a brim; Ð usually in composition. ½BroadÐbrimmed hat.¸
Spectator.
2. Full to, or level with, the brim.
Milton.
Brim¶mer (?), n. A brimful bowl; a bumper.
Brim¶ming, a. Full to the brim; overflowing.
Brim¶stone (?), n. [OE. brimston, bremston, bernston, brenston; cf. Icel. brennistein. See Burn, v.t., and Stone.] Sulphur; See Sulphur.
Brim¶stone, a. Made of, or pertaining to, brimstone; as, brimstone matches.
From his brimstone bed at break of day
AÐwalking the devil has gone.
Coleridge.
Brim¶sto·ny (?), a. Containing or resembling brimstone; sulphurous.
B.Jonson.
Brin (?), n. [F.] One of the radiating sticks of a fan. The outermost are larger and longer, and are called panaches.
Knight.
Brin¶ded (?), a. [Cf. Icel. br”ndÓttr brindled, fr. brandr brand; and OE. bernen, brinnen, to burn. See Brand, Burn.] Of a gray or tawny color with streaks of darker hue; streaked; brindled. ½Three brinded cows,¸ Dryden. ½The brinded cat.¸ Shak.
Brin¶dle (?), n. [See Brindled.] 1. The state of being brindled.
2. A brindled color; also, that which is brindled.
Brin¶dle, a. Brindled.
Brin¶dled (?), a. [A dim. form of brinded.] Having dark streaks or spots on a gray or tawny ground; brinded. ½With a brindled lion played.¸
Churchill.
Brine (?), n. [AS. bryne a burning, salt liquor, brine, fr. brinnan, brynnan, to burn. See Burn.] 1. Water saturated or strongly inpregnated with salt; pickle; hence, any strong saline solution; also, the saline residue or strong mother liquor resultingÿfrom the evaporation of natural or artificial waters.
2. The ocean; the water of an ocean, sea, or salt lake.
Not long beneath the whelming brine … he lay.
Cowper.
3. Tears; Ð so called from their saltness.
What a deal of brine
Hath washed thy sallow cheecks for
Rosaline!
Shak.
Brine flyÿ(Zo”l.), a fly of the genus Ephydra, the larv‘ of which live in artificial brines and in salt lakes. Ð Brine gauge, an instrument for measuring the saltnessÿof a liquid. Ð Brine pan, a pit or pan of salt water, where salt is formed by cristallization. Ð Brine pit, a salt spring or well, from which water is taken to be boiled or evaporated for making salt. Ð Brine pump (Marine Engin.), a pump for changing the water in the boilers, so as to clear them of the brine which collects at the bottom. Ð Brine shrimp, Brine wormÿ(Zo”l.), a phyllopod crustacean of the genus Artemia, inhabiting the strong brines of salt works and natural salt lakes. See Artemia. Ð Brine spring, a spring of salt water. Ð Leach brine (Saltmaking), brineÿwhich drops from granulated salt in drying, and is preserved to be boiled again.
Brine (?), v.t. 1. To steep or saturate in brine.
2. To sprinkle with salt or brine; as, to brine hay.
Bring (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brought (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bringing.] [OE. bringen, AS. bringan; akin to OS. brengian, D. brengen, Fries. brenga, OHG. bringan, G. bringen, Goth. briggan.] 1. To convey to the place where the speaker is or is to be; to bear from a more distant to a nearer place; to fetch.
And as she was going to fetch it, he called to her, and said, Bring me, I pray thee, a morsel of bread.
1 Kings xvii.11.
To France shall we convey you safe,
And bring you back.
Shak.
2. To cause the accession or obtaining of; to procure; to make to come; to produce; to draw to.
There is nothing will bring you more honor … than to do what right in justice you may.
Bacon.
3. To convey; to move; to carry or conduct.
In distillation, the water … brings over with it some part of the oil of vitriol.
Sir I.Newton.
4. To persuade; to induce; to draw; to lead; to guide.
It seems so preposterous a thing … that they do not easily bring themselves to it.
Locke.
The nature of the things … would not suffer him to think otherwise, how, or whensoever, he is brought to reflect on them.
Locke.
5. To produce in exchange; to sell for; to fetch; as, what does coal bring per ton?
To bring about, to bring to pass; to effect; to accomplish. Ð To bring back. (a) To recall. (b) To restore, as something borrowed, to its owner. Ð To bring by the lee (Naut.), to incline so rapidly to leeward of the course, when a ship sails large, as to bring the lee side suddenly to the windward, any by laying the sails aback, expose her to danger of upsetting. Ð To bringÿdown. (a) To cause to come down. (b) To humble or abase; as, to bring down high looks. Ð To bring down the house, to cause tremendous applause. [Colloq.] Ð To bring forth. (a) To produce, as young fruit. (b) To bring to light; to make manifest. Ð To bring forward (a) To exhibit; to introduce; to produce to view. (b) To hasten; to promote; to forward. (c) To propose; to adduce; as, to bring forward arguments. Ð Toÿbring home. (a) To bring to one's house. (b) To prove conclusively; as, to bring home a charge of treason. (c) To cause one to feel or appreciate by personal experience. (d) (Naut.) To lift of its place, as an anchor. Ð To bring in. (a) To fetch from without; to import. (b) To introduce, as a bill in a deliberative assembly. (c) To return or repot to, or lay before, a court or other body; to render; as, to bring in a verdict or a report. (d) To take to an appointed place of deposit or collection; as, to bring in provisions or money for a specified object. (e) To produce, as income. (f) To induce to join. Ð To bring off, to bear or convey away; to clear from condemnation; to cause to escape. Ð To bring on. (a) To cause to begin. (b) To originate or cause to exist; as, to bring on a disease. Ð Toÿbring one on one's way, to accompany, guide, or attend one. Ð Toÿbring out, to expose; to detect; to bring to light from concealment. Ð To bring over. (a) To fetch or bear across. (b) To convert by persuasion or other means; to cause to change sides or an opinion. Ð Toÿbring to. (a) To resuscitate; to bring back to consciousnessÿor life, as a fainting person. (b) (Naut.) To check the course of, as of a ship, by dropping the anchor, or by counterbracing the sails so as to keep her nearly stationary (she is then said to lie to). (c) To cause (a vessel) to lie to, as by firing across her course. (d) To apply a rope to the capstan. Ð To bring to light, to disclose; to discover; to make clear; to reveal. Ð To bring a sail to (Naut.), to bend it to the yard. Ð Toÿbring to pass, to accomplish to effect. ½Trust also in Him; and He shall bring it to pass.¸ Ps. xxxvii.5. Ð Toÿbring under, to subdue; to restrain; to reduce to obedience. Ð Toÿbring up. (a) To carry upward; to nurse; to rear; to educate. (b) To cause to stop suddenly. (c) [v.i. by dropping the reflexive pronoun] To stop suddenly; to come to a standstill. [Colloq.] Ð To bring up (any one) with a round turn, to cause (any one) to stop abruptly. [Colloq.] Ð Toÿbe brought to bed. See under Bed.
Syn. - To fetch; bear; carry; convey; transport; import; procure; produce; cause; adduce; induce.
Bring¶er (?), n. One who brings.
Yet the first bringer of unwelcome news
Hath but a losing office.
Shak.
Bringer in, one who, or that which, introduces.
Brin¶iÏness (?), n. The state or quality of being briny; saltness; brinishness.
Brin¶ish (?), a. Like brine; somewhat salt; saltish. ½Brinish tears.¸
Shak.
Brin¶ishÏness, n. State or quality of being brinish.
ØBrin¶jaÏree· (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) A roughÐhaired East Indian variety of the greyhound.
Brink (?), n. [Dan. brink edge, verge; akin to Sw. brink declivity, hill, Icel. brekka; cf. LG. brink a grassy hill, W. bryn hill, bryncyn hillock.] The edge, margin, or border of a steep place, as of a precipice; a bank or edge, as of a river or pit; a verge; a border; as, the brink of a chasm. Also Fig. ½The brink of vice.¸ Bp. Porteus. ½The brink of ruin.¸ Burke.
The plashy brink of weedy lake.
Bryant.
Brin¶y (?), a. [From Brine.] Of or pertaining to brine, or to the sea; partaking of the nature of brine; salt; as, a briny taste; the briny flood.
Bri¶oÏny (?), n. See Bryony.
Tennyson.
Brisk (?), a. [Cf. W. brysg, fr. brys haste, Gael. briosg quick, lively, Ir. broisg a start, leap, jerk.] 1. Full of livelinessÿand activity; characterized by quickness of motion or action; lively; spirited; quick.
Cheerily, boys; be brick awhile.
Shak.
Brick toil alternating with ready ease.
Wordworth.
2. Full of spirit of life; effervesc?ng, as liquors; sparkling; as, brick cider.
Syn. - Active; lively; agile; alert; nimble; quick; sprightly; vivacious; gay; spirited; animated.
Brisk (?), v.t. & i. [imp. & p.p. Bricked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bricking.] To make or become lively; to enliven; to animate; to take, or cause to take, an erect or bold attitude; Ð usually with up.
Bris¶ket (?), n. [OE. bruskette, OF. bruschet, F. br‚chet, brichet; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. bryscedÿthe breast of a slain animal, brisket, Corn. vrys breast, Armor. brusk, bruched, the front of the chest, Gael. brisgein the cartilaginous part of a bone.] That part of the breast of an animal which extends from the fore legs back beneath the ribs; also applied to the fore part of a horse, from the shoulders to the bottom of the chest. [See Illust. of Beef.]
Brisk¶ly (?), adv. In a brisk manner; nimbly.
Brisk¶ness, n. Liveliness; vigor in action; quickness; gayety; vivacity; effervescence.
Bris¶tle (?), n. [OE. bristel, brustel, AS. bristl, byrst; akin to D. borstel, OHG. burst, G. borste, Icel. burst, Sw. borst, and to Skr. bh?shti edge, point, and prob, L. fastigium extremity, Gr. ? stern of a ship, and E. brush, burr, perh. to brad. û96.] 1. A short, stiff, coarse hair, as on the back of swine.
2. (Bot.) A stiff, sharp, roundish hair.
Gray.
Bris¶tle, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bristled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bristling (?).] 1. To erect the bristles of; to cause to stand up, as the bristles of an angry hog; Ð sometimes with up.
Now for the bareÐpicked bone of majesty
Doth dogged war bristle his angry crest.
Shak.
Boy, bristle thy courage up.
Shak.
2. To fix a bristle to; as, to bristle a thread.
Bris¶tle, v.i. 1. To rise or stand erect, like bristles.
His hair did bristle upon his head.
Sir W.Scott.
2. To appear as if covered with bristles; to have standing, thick and erect, like bristles.
The hill of L? Haye Sainte bristling with ten thousand bayonets.
Thackeray.
Ports bristling with thousands of masts.
Macaulay.
3. To show deflance or indignation.
To bristle up, to show anger or deflance.
Bris¶tleÐpoint·ed (?), a. (Bot.) Terminating in a very fine, sharp point, as some leaves.
Bris¶tleÐshaped· (?), a. Resembling a bristle in form; as, a bristleÐshaped leaf.
Bris¶tleÐtail· (?), n. (Zo”l.) An insect of the genera Lepisma, Campodea, etc., belonging to the Thysanura.
Bris¶tliÏness (?), n. The quality or state of having bristles.
Bris¶tly (?), a. THick set with bristles, or with hairs resembling bristles; rough.
The leaves of the black mulberry are somewhat bristly.
Bacon.
Bris¶tol (?), n. A seaport city in the west of England.
Bristol board, a kind of fine pasteboard, made with a smooth but usually unglazed surface. Ð Bristol brick, a brick of siliceous matter used for polishing cultery; Ð originally manufactured at Bristol. Ð Bristol stone, rock crystal, or brilliant crystals of quartz, found in the mountain limestone near Bristol, and used in making ornaments, vases, etc. When polished, it is called Bristol diamond.
BriÏsure¶ (?), n. [F.] 1. (Fort.) Any part of a rampart or parapet which deviates from the general direction.
2. (Her.) A mark of cadency or difference.
Brit, Britt (?), n. (Zo”l.) (a) The young of the common herring; also, a small species of herring; the sprat. (b) The minute marine animals (chiefly Entomostraca) upon which the right whales feed.
BriÏtan¶niÏa (?), n. [From L. Britannia Great Britain.] A whiteÐmetal alloy of tin, antimony, bismuth, copper, etc. It somewhat resembles silver, and isused for table ware. Called also Britannia metal.
BriÏtan¶nic (?), a. [L. Britannicus, fr. Britannia Great Britain.] Of or pertaining to Great Britain; British; as, her Britannic Majesty.
Brite, Bright (?), v.t. To be or become overripe, as wheat, barley, or hops. [Prov. Eng.]
Brit¶iÏcism (?), n. A word, phrase, or idiom peculiar to Great Britain; any manner of using a word or words that is peculiar to Great Britain.
Brit¶ish (?), a. [AS. Brittisc, Bryttisc.] Of or pertaining to Great Britain or to its inhabitants; Ð sometimes restrict to the original inhabitants.
British gum, a brownish substance, very soluble in cold water, formed by heating dry starch at a temperature of about 600ø Fahr. It corresponds, in its properties, to dextrin, and is used, in solution, as a substitute for gum in stiffering goods. Ð British lion, the national emblem of Great Britain. Ð British seas, the four seas which surround Great Britain.
Brit¶ish, n. pl. People of Great Britain.
Brit¶ishÏer, n. An Englishman; a subjectÿor inhabitant of Great Britain, esp. one in the British military or naval service. [Now used jocosely]
Brit¶on (?), a. [AS. bryten Britain.] British. [Obs.] Spenser.Ð n. A native of Great Britain.
Brit¶tle (?), a. [OE. britel, brutel, AS. bryttian to dispense, fr. bre¢tanÿto break; akin to Icel. brytja, Sw. bryta, Dan. bryde. Cf. Brickle.] Easily broken; apt to break; fragile; not tough or tenacious<— contrast to flexible; usually hard —>.
Farewell, thou pretty, brittle piece
Of fineÐcut crystal.
Cotton.
Brittle silver ore, the mineral stephanite.
Brit¶tleÏly, adv. In a brittle manner.
Sherwood.
Brit¶tleÏness, n. Aptness to break; fragility.

<— p. 183 —>

Brit¶tle star· (?). Any speciesÿof ophiuran starfishes. See Ophiuroidea.
Britz¶ska (?), n. [Russ. britshka; cf. Pol. bryczka, dim. of bryka freight wagon.] A long carriage, with a calash top, so constructed as to give space for recliningÿat night, when used on a journey.
Brize (?), n. The breeze fly. See Breeze.
Shak.
Broach (?), n. [OE. broche, F. broche, fr. LL. brocca; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. proc thrust, stab, Gael. brog awl. Cf. Brooch.] 1. A spit. [Obs.]
He turned a broach that had worn a crown.
Bacon.
2. An awl; a bodkin; also, a wooden rod or pin, sharpened at each end, used by thatchers. [Prov. Eng.]
Forby.
3. (Mech.) (a) A tool of steel, generally tapering, and of a polygonal form, with from four to eight cutting edges, for smoothing or enlarging holes in metal; sometimes made smooth or without edges, as for burnishing pivot holes in watches; a reamer. The broach for gun barrels is commonly square and without taper. (b) A straight tool with file teeth, made of steel, to be pressed through irregular holes in metal that cannot be dressed by revolving tools; a drift.
4. (Masonry) A broad chisel for stonecutting.
5. (Arch.) A spire rising from a tower. [Local, Eng.]
6. A clasp for fastening a garment. See Brooch.
7. A spitlike start, on the head of a young stag.
8. The stick from which candle wicks are suspended for dipping.
Knight.
9. The pin in a lock which enters the barrel of the key.
Broach, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broached (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broaching.] [F. brocher, fr. broche. See Broach, n.] 1. To spit; to pierce as with a spit.
I'll broach the tadpole on my rapier's point.
Shak.
2. To tap; to pierce, as a cask, in order to draw the liquor. Hence: To let out; to shed, as blood.
Whereat with blade, with bloody blameful blade,
He bravely broached his boiling bloody breast.
Shak.
3. To open for the first time, as stores.
You shall want neither weapons, victuals, nor aid; I will open the old armories, I will broach my store, and will bring forth my stores.
Knolles.
4. To make public; to utter; to publish first; to put forth; to introduce as a topic of conversation.
Those very opinions themselves had broached.
Swift.
5. To cause to begin or break out. [Obs.]
Shak.
6. (Masonry) To shape roughly, as a block of stone, by chiseling with a coarse tool. [Scot. & North of Eng.]
7. To enlarge or dress (a hole), by using a broach.
To broach to (Naut.), to incline suddenly to windward, so as to lay the sails aback, and expose the vessel to the danger of oversetting.
Broach¶er (?), n. 1. A spit; a broach.
On five sharp broachers ranked, the roast they turned.
Dryden.
2. One who broaches, opens, or utters; a first publisher or promoter.
Some such broacher of heresy.
Atterbury.
Broad (?), a. [Compar. Broader (?); superl. Broadest.] [OE. brod, brad, AS. br¾d; akin to OS. brÇd, D. breed, G. breit, Icel. brei?r, Sw. & Dan. bred, Goth. braids. Cf. Breadth.] 1. Wide; extend in breadth, or from side to side; Ð opposed to narrow; as, a broad street, a broad table; an inch broad.
2. Extending far and wide; extensive; vast; as, the broad expanse of ocean.
3. Extended, in the sense of diffused; open; clear; full. ½Broad and open day.¸
Bp. Porteus.
4. Fig.: Having a large measure of any thing or quality; not limited; not restrained; Ð applied to any subject, and retaining the literal idea more or less clearly, the precise meaning depending largely on the substantive.
A broad mixture of falsehood.
Locke.
Hence: Ð
5. Comprehensive; liberal; enlarged.
The words in the Constitution are broad enough to include the case.
D.Daggett.
In a broad, statesmanlike, and masterly way.
E.Everett.
6. Plain; evident; as, a broad hint.
7. Free; unrestrained; unconfined.
As broad and general as the casing air.
Shak.
8. (Fine Arts) Characterized by breadth. See Breadth.
9. Cross; coarse; indelicate; as, a broad compliment; a broad joke; broad humor.
10. Strongly marked; as, a broad Scotch accent.
µ Broad is often used in compounds to signify wide, large, etc.; as, broadÐchested, broadÐshouldered, broadÐspreading, broadÐwinged.
Broad acres. See under Acre. Ð Broad arrow, originally a pheon. See Pheon, and Broad arrow under Arrow. Ð As broad as long, having the length equal to the breadth; hence, the same one way as another; coming to the same result by different ways or processes.
It is as broad as long, whether they rise to others, or bring others down to them.
L'Estrange.
Ð Broad pennant. See under Pennant.
Syn. - Wide; large; ample; expanded; spacious; roomy; extensive; vast; comprehensive; liberal.
Broad, n. 1. The broad part of anything; as, the broad of an oar.
2. The spread of a river into a sheet of water; a flooded fen. [Local, Eng.]
Southey.
3. A lathe tool for turning down the insides and bottoms of cylinders.
Knight.
Broad¶ax· Broad¶axe· } (?), n. 1. An ancient military weapon; a battleÐax.
2. An ax with a broad edge, for hewingÿtimber.
Broad¶bill· (?), n. 1. (Zo”l.) A wild duck (Aythya, or Fuligula, marila), which appears in large numbers on the eastern coast of the United States, in auntum; Ð called also bluebill, blackhead, raft duck, and scaup duck. See Scaup duck.
2. (Zo”l.) The shoveler. See Shoveler.
Broad¶brim· (?), n. 1. A hat with a very broad brim, like those worn by men of the society of Friends.
2. A member of the society of Friends; a Quaker. [Sportive]
Broad¶Ðbrimmed· (?), a. Having a broad brim.
A broadÐbrimmed flat silver plate.
Tatler.
Broad¶cast· (?), n. (Agric.) A casting or throwing seed in all directions, as from the hand in sowing.
Broad¶cast·, a. 1. Cast or dispersed in all directions, as seed from the hand in sowing; widely diffused.
2. Scattering in all directions (as a method of sowing); Ð opposed to planting in hills, or rows.
Broad¶cast·, adv. So as to scatter or be scattered in all directions; so as to spread widely, as seed from the hand in sowing, or news from the press.
Broad¶ Church· (?). (Eccl.) A portion of the Church of England, consisting of persons who claim to hold a position, in respect to doctrine and fellowship, intermediate between the High Church party and the Low Church, or evangelical, party. The term has been applied to otherbodies of men holding liberal or comprehensive views of Christian doctrine and fellowship.
Side by side with these various shades of High and Low Church, another party of a different character has always existed in the Church of England. It is called by different names: Moderate, Catholic, or Broad Church, by its friends; Latitudinarian or Indifferent, by its enemies. Its distinctive character is the desire of comprehension. Its watch words are charity and toleration.
Conybeare.
Broad¶cloth (?), n. A fine smoothÐfaced woolen cloth for men's garments, usually of double width (i.e., a yard and a half); Ð so called in distinction from woolens three quarters of a yard wide.
Broad¶en (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broadened (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broadening (?).] [From Broad, a.] To grow broad; to become broader or wider.
The broadening sun appears.
Wordsworth.
Broad¶en, v.t. To make broad or broader; to render more broad or comprehensive.
Broad¶ gauge· (?). (Railroad) A wider distance between the rails than the ½standard¸ gauge of four feet eight inches and a half. See Gauge.
Broad¶Ðhorned· (?), a. Having horns spreading widely.
Broad¶ish, a. Rather broad; moderately broad.
Broad¶leaf· (?), n. (Bot.) A tree (Terminalia latifolia) of Jamaica, the wood of which is used for boards, scantling, shingles, etc; Ð sometimes called the almond tree, from the shape of its fruit.
Broad¶Ðleaved· (?), Broad¶Ðleafed· (?), a. Having broad, or relatively broad, leaves.
Keats.
Broad¶ly, adv. In a broad manner.
Broad¶mouth· (?), n. (Zo”l.) One of the Eurylaimid‘, a family of East Indian passerine birds.
Broad¶ness, n. [AS. br¾dnes.] The conditionÿor quality of being broad; breadth; coarseness; grossness.
Broad¶piece· (?), n. An old English gold coin, broader than a guinea, as a Carolus or Jacobus.
Broad¶ seal· (?). The great seal of England; the public seal of a country or state.
Broad¶seal·, v.t. To stamp with the broad seal; to make sure; to guarantee or warrant. [Obs.]
Thy presence broadseals our delights for pure.
B.Jonson.
Broad¶side· (?), n. 1. (Naut.) The side of a ship aboveÿthe water line, from the bow to the quarter.
2. A discharge of or from all the guns on one side of a ship, at the same time.
3. A volley of abuse or denunciation. [Colloq.]
4. (Print.) A sheet of paper containing one large page, or printed on one side only; Ð called also broadsheet.
Broad¶spread· (?), a. Widespread.
Broad¶spread·ing, a. Spreading widely.
Broad¶sword· (?), n. A sword with a broad blade and a cutting edge; a claymore.
I heard the broadsword's deadly clang.
Sir W.Scott.
Broad¶wise· (?), adv. Breadthwise. [Archaic]
Brob (?), n. [Cf. Gael. brog, E. brog, n.] (Carp.) A peculiar bradÐshaped spike, to be driven alongside the end of an abutting timber to prevent its slipping.
Brob·dingÏnag¶iÏan (?), a. [From Brobdingnag, a country of giants in ½Gulliver's Travels.¸] Colossal' of extraordinary height; gigantic. Ð n. A giant. [Spelt often Brobdignagian.]
BroÏcade¶ (?), n. [Sp. brocado (cf. It. broccato, F. brocart), fr. LL. brocare *prick, to figure (textile fabrics), to emboss (linen), to stitch. See Broach.] Silk stuff, woven with gold and silver threads, or ornamented with raised flowers, foliage, etc.; Ð also applied to other stuffs thus wrought and enriched.
A gala suit of faded brocade.
W.Irving.
BroÏcad¶ed (?), a. 1. Woven or worked, as brocade, with gold and silver, or with raised flowers, etc.
Brocaded flowers o'er the gay mantua shine.
Gay.
2. Dressed in brocade.
Bro¶cage (?), n. See Brokkerage.
Broc¶ard (?), n. [Perh. fr. Brocardica, Brocardicorum opus, a collection of ecclesiastical canons by Burkhard, Bishop of Worms, called, by the Italians and French, Brocard.] An elementary principle or maximum; a short, proverbial rule, in law, ethics, or metaphysics.
The legal brocard, ½Falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus,¸ is a rule not more applicable to other witness than to consciousness.
Sir W.Hamilton.
Bro¶caÏtel (?), n. [F. brocatelle, fr. It. brocatello: cf. Sp. brocatel. See Brocade.] 1. A kind of coarse brocade, or figured fabric, used chiefly for tapestry, linings for carriages, etc.
2. A marble, clouded and veined with white, gray, yellow, and red, in which the yellow usually prevails. It is also called Siena marble, from its locality.
Bro·caÏtel¶lo (?), n. Same as Brocatel.
Broc¶coÏli (?), n. [It. broccoli, pl. of broccolo sprout, cabbage sprout, dim. of brocco splinter. See Broach, n.] (Bot.) A plant of the Cabbage species (Brassica oleracea) of many varieties, resembling the cauliflower. The ½curd,¸ or flowering head, is the part used for food.
Broch¶anÏtite (?), n. [From Brochant de Villiers, a French mineralogist.] (Min.) A basic sulphate of copper, occurring in emeraldÐgreen crystals.
ØBro·ch‚¶ (?), a. [F.] Woven with a figure; as, broch‚ goods.
ØBroche (?), n. [F.] See Broach, n.
ØBroÏchure¶ (?), n. [F., fr. brocher to stitch. See Broach, v.t.] A printed and stitched book containing only a few leaves; a pamphlet.
Brock (?), n. [AS. broc, fr. W. broch; akin to Ir. & Gael. broc, Corn. & Armor. broch; cf. Ir. & Gael. breac speckled.] (Zo”l.) A badger.
Or with pretense of chasing thence the brock.
B.Jonson.
Brock, n. [See Brocket.] (Zo”l.) A brocket.
Bailey.
Brock¶er (?), n. [OE. broket, F. broquart fallow deer a year old, fr. the same root as E. broach, meaning point (hence tine of a horn).] 1. (Zo”l.) A male red deer two years old; Ð sometimes called brock.
2. (Zo”l.) A small South American deer, of several species (Coassus superciliaris, C. rufus, and C. auritus).
Brock¶ish, a. Beastly; brutal. [Obs.]
Bale.
Brode¶kin (?), n. [F. brodequin, OE. brossequin, fr. OD. broseken, brosekin, dim. of broos buskin, prob. fr. LL. byrsa leather, Gr. ? skin, hide. Cf. Buskin.] A buskin or halfÐboot. [Written also brodequin.] [Obs.]
Brog (?), n. [Gael. Cf. Brob.] A pointed instrument, as a joiner's awl, a brad awl, a needle, or a small ship stick.
Brog, v.t. To prod with a pointed instrument, as a lance; also, to broggle. [Scot. & Prov.]
Sir W.Scott.
Bro¶gan (?), n. A stout, coarse shoe; a brogue.
Brog¶gle (?), v.i. [Dim. of Prov. E. brog to broggle. Cf. Brog, n.] To sniggle, or fish with a brog. [Prov. Eng.]
Wright.
Brogue (?), n. [Ir. & Gael. brog shoe, hoof.] 1. A stout, coarse shoe; a brogan.
µ In the Highlands of Scotland, the ancient brogue was made of horsehide or deerskin, untanned or tenned with the hair on, gathered round the ankle with a thong. The name was afterward given to any shoe worn as a part of the Highland costume.
Clouted brogues, patched brogues; also, brogues studded with nails. See under Clout, v.t.
2. A dialectic pronunciation; esp. the Irish manner of pronouncing English.
Or take, Hibernis, thy still ranker brogue.
Lloyd.
Brogues (?), n. pl. [Cf. Breeches.] Breeches. [Obs.]
Shenstone.
Broid (?), v.t. To braid. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Broid¶er (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broidered (?).] [OE. broiden, brouden, F. broder, confused with E. braid; F. broder is either the same word as border to border (see Border), or perh. of Celtic origin; cf. W. brathu to sting, stab, Ir. & Gael. brod goad, prickle, OE. brod a goad; and also Icel. broddr a spike, a sting, AS. brord a point.] To embroider. [Archaic]
They shall make a broidered coat.
Ex.xxviii.4.
Broid¶erÏer (?), n. One who embroiders. [Archaic]
Broid¶erÏy (?), n. Embroidery. [Archaic]
The golden broidery tender Milkah wove.
Tickell.
Broil (?), n. [F. brouiller to disorder, from LL. brogilus, broilus, brolium, thicket, wood, park; of uncertain origin; cf. W. brog a swelling out, OHG. prÓil marsh, G. brhl, MHG. brogen to rise. The meaning tumult, confusion, comes apparently from tangled undergrowth, thicket, and this possibly from the meaning to grow, rise, sprout.] A tumult; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl; contention; discord, either between individuals or in the state.
I will own that there is a haughtiness and fierceness in human nature which will which will cause innumerable broils, place men in what situation you please.
Burke.
Syn. - Contention; fray; affray; tumult; altercation; dissension; discord; contest; conflict; brawl; uproar.
Broil, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broiled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broiling.] [OE. broilen, OF. bruillir, fr. bruirÿto broil, burn; of Ger. origin; cf. MHG. brejen, G. brhen, to scald, akin to E. brood.] 1. To cook by direct exposure to heat over a fire, esp. upon a gridiron over coals.
2. To subject to great (commonly direct) heat.
Broil, v.i. To be subjected to the action of heat, as meat over the fire; to be greatly heated, or to be made uncomfortable with heat.
The planets and comets had been broiling in the sun.
Cheyne.
Broil¶er (?), n. One who excites broils; one who engages in or promotes noisy quarrels.
What doth he but turn broiler, … make new libels against the church?
Hammond.
Broil¶er, n. 1. One who broils, or cooks by broiling.
2. A gridiron or other utensil used in broiling.
3. A chicken or other bird fit for broiling. [Colloq.]
Broil¶ing, a. Excessively hot; as, a broiling sun. Ð n. The act of causing anything to broil.
Bro¶kage (?), n. See Brokerage.
Broke (?), v.i. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.] 1. To transact business for another. [R.]
Brome.
2. To act as procurer in love matters; to pimp. [Obs.]
We do want a certain necessary woman to broke between them, Cupid said.
Fanshawe.
And brokes with all that can in such a suit
Corrupt the tender honor of a maid.
Shak.

<— p. 184 —>

Broke (?), imp. p.p. of Break. Bro¶ken (?), a. [From Break, v.t.] 1. Separated into parts or pieces by violence; divided into fragments; as, a broken chain or rope; a broken dish. 2. Disconnected; not continuous; also, rough; uneven; as, a broken surface. 3. Fractured; cracked; disunited; sundered; strained; apart; as, a broken reed; broken friendship. 4. Made infirm or weak, by disease, age, or hardships. The one being who remembered him as he been before his mind was broken. G.Eliot. The broken soldier, kindly bade to stay, Sat by his fire, and talked the night away. Goldsmith. 5. Subdued; humbled; contrite. The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit. Ps.li.17. 6. Subjugated; trained for use, as a horse. 7. Crushed and ruined as by something that destroys hope; blighted. ½Her broken love and life.¸ G.Eliot. 8. Not carried into effect; not adhered to; violated; as, a broken promise, vow, or contract; a broken law. 9. Ruined financially; incapable of redeeming promises made, or of paying debts incurred; as, a broken bank; a broken tradesman. 10. Imperfectly spoken, as by a foreigner; as, broken English; imperfectly spoken on account of emotion; as, to say a few broken words at parting. Amidst the broken words and loud weeping of those grave senators. Macaulay. Broken ground. (a) (Mil.) Rough or uneven ground; as, the troops were retarded in their advance by broken ground. (b) Ground recently opened with the plow. Ð Broken line (Geom.), the straight lines which join a number of given points taken in some specified order. Ð Broken meat, fragments of meat or other food. Ð Broken number, a fraction. Ð Broken weather, unsettled weather. Bro¶kenÐbacked· (?), a. 1. Having a broken back; as, a brokenÐbacked chair. 2. (Naut.) Hogged; so weakened in the frame as to droop at each end; Ð said of a ship. Totten. Bro¶kenÐbel·lied (?), a. Having a ruptured belly. [R.] Bro¶kenÐheart·ed (?), a. Having the spirits depressed or crushed by grief or despair. She left her husband almost brokenÐhearted. Macaulay. Syn. - Disconsolable; heartÐbroken; inconsolable; comfortless; woeÐbegone; forlorn. Bro¶kenÏly, adv. In a broken, interrupted manner; in a broken state; in broken language. The pagans worship God … as it were brokenly and by piecemeal. Cudworth. Bro¶kenÏness, n. 1. The state or quality of being broken; unevenness. Macaulay. 2. Contrition; as, brokenness of heart. Bro¶ken wind· (?). (Far.) The heaves. Bro¶kenÐwind·ed, a. (Far.) Having short breath or disordered respiration, as a horse. Bro¶ker (?), n. [OE. brocour, from a word akin to broken, bruken, to use, enjoy, possess, digest, fr. AS. br?canÿto use, enjoy; cf. Fries. broker, F. brocanteur. See Brook, v.t.] 1. One who transacts business for another; an agent. 2. (Law) An agent employed to effect bargains and contracts, as a middleman or negotiator, between other persons, for a compensation commonly called brokerage. He takes no possession, as broker, of the subject matter of the negotiation. He generally contracts in the names of those who employ him, and not in his own. Story. 3. A dealer in money, notes, bills of exchange, etc. 4. A dealer in secondhand goods. [Eng.] 5. A pimp or procurer. [Obs.] Shak. Bill broker, one who buys and sells notes and bills of exchange. Ð Curbstone broker or Street broker, an operator in stocks (not a member of the Stock Exchange) who executes orders by running from office to office, or by transactions on the street. [U.S.] Ð Exchange broker, one who buys and sells uncurrent money, and deals in exchanges relating to money. Ð Insurance broker, one who is agent in procuring insurance on vessels, or against fire. Ð Pawn broker. See Pawnbroker. Ð Real estate broker, one who buys and sells lands, and negotiates loans, etc., upon mortgage. Ð Ship broker, one who acts as agent in buying and selling ships, procuring freight, etc. Ð Stock broker. See Stockbroker. Bro¶kerÏage (?), n. 1. The businessÿor employment of a broker. Burke. 2. The fee, reward, or commission, given or changed for transacting business as a broker. Bro¶kerÏly, a. Mean; servile. [Obs.] B.Jonson. Bro¶kerÏy (?), n. The businessÿof a broker. [Obs.] And with extorting, cozening, forfeiting, And tricks belonging unto brokery. Marlowe. Bro¶king (?), a. Of or pertaining to a broker or brokers, or to brokerage. [Obs.] Redeem from broking pawn the blemished crown. Shak. Bro¶ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? food, ? to eat.] 1. (Med.) Aliment; food. Dunglison. 2. A light form of prepared cocoa (or cacao), or the drink made from it. Bro¶mal (?), n. [Bromine + aldehyde.] (Chem.) An oily, colorless fluid, CBr?.COH, related to bromoform, as chloral is to chloroform, and obtained by the action of bromine on alcohol. Bro¶mate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of bromic acid. Bro¶mate (?), v.t. (Med.) To combine or impregnate with bromine; as, bromated camphor. Bro·maÏtol¶oÏgist (?), n. One versed in the scienceÿof foods. Bro·maÏtol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, food + Ïlogy.] The science of aliments. Dunglison. ØBrome (?), n. [F.] (Chem.) See Bromine. Brome¶ grass· (?). [L. bromos a kind of oats, Gr. ?.] (Bot.) A genus (Bromus) of grasses, one speciesÿof which is the chess or cheat. BroÏme·liÏa¶ceous (?), a. [Named after Olaf Bromel, a Swedish botanist.] (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a family of endogenous and mostly epiphytic or saxicolous plants of which the genera Tillandsia and Billbergia are examples. The pineapple, though terrestrial, is also of this family. Bro¶mic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, bromine; Ð said of those compounds of bromine in which this element has a valence of five, or the next to its highest; as, bromic acid. Bro¶mide (?), n. (Chem.) A compoundÿof bromine with a positive radical. Bro¶miÏnate (?), v.t. See Bromate, v.t. Bro¶mine (?), n. [Gr. ? bad smell, stink. Cf. Brome.] (Chem.) One of the elements, related in its chemical qualities to chlorine and iodine. Atomic weight 79.8. Symbol Br. It is a deep reddish brown liquid of a very disagreeable odor, emitting a brownish vapor at the ordinary temperature. In combination it is found in minute quantities in sea water, and in many saline springs. It occurs also in the mineral bromyrite. Bro¶mism (?), n. (Med.) A diseased conditionÿproduced by the excessive use of bromine or one of its compounds. It is characterized by mental dullnessÿand muscular weakness. Bro¶mize (?), v.t. (Photog.) To prepare or treat with bromine; as, to bromize a silvered plate. Brom¶life (?), n. [From Bromley Hill, near Alston, Cumberland, England.] (Min.) A carbonate of baryta and lime, intermediate between witherite and strontianite; Ð called also alstonite. Bro¶moÏform (?), n. [Bromine + formyl.] (Chem.) A colorless liquid, CHBr?, having an agreeable odor and sweetish taste. It is produced by the simultaneous action of bromine and caustic potash upon wood spirit, alcohol, or acetone, as also by certain other reactions. In composition it is the same as chloroform, with the substitution of bromine for chlorine. It is somewhat similar to chloroform in its effects. Watts. BromÏpi¶crin (?), n. [G. brompikrin; brom bromine + pikrins„ure picric acid.] (Chem.) A pungent colorless explosive liquid, CNO?Br?, analogous to and resembling chlorpicrin. [Spelt also brompikrin.] Brom¶uÏret (?), n. See Bromide. [Obs.] Brom¶yÏrite (?), n. [Bromine + Gr. ? silver.] (Min.) Silver bromide, a rare mineral; Ð called also bromargyrite. ØBron¶chi (?), n. pl. (Anat.) See Bronchus. ØBron¶chiÏa (?), n. pl. [L. , pl. Cf. Bronchus.] (Anat.) The bronchial tubes which arise from the branching of the trachea, esp. the subdivision of the bronchi. Dunglison. Bron¶chiÏal (?), a. [Cf. F. bronchial. See Bronchia.] (Anat.) Belonging to the bronchi and their ramifications in the lungs. Bronchial arteries, branchÿof the descending aorta, accompanying the bronchia in all their ramifications. Ð Bronchial cells, the air cells terminating the bronchia. Ð Bronchial glands, glands whose functions are unknown, seated along the bronchia. Ð Bronchial membrane, the mucous membrane lining the bronchia. Ð Bronchial tube, the bronchi, or the bronchia. Bron¶chic (?), a. (Anat.) Bronchial. Bron¶chiÏole (?), n. (Anat.) A minute bronchial tube. BronÏchit¶ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to bronchitis; as, bronchitic inflammation. BronÏchi¶tis (?), n. [Bronchus + Ïitis.] (Med.) Inflammation, acute or chronic, of the bronchial tubes or any part of them. Bron¶cho (?), n. [Sp. bronco rough, wild.] A native or a Mexican horse of small size. [Western U.S.] Bron¶choÏcele (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? windpipe + ? tumor.] (Med.) See Goiter. BronÏchoph¶oÏny (?), n. [Gr. ? windpipe + ? sound.] A modification of the voice sounds, by which they are intensified and heightened in pitch; Ð observed in auscultation of the chest in certain cases of introÐthroacic disease. Bron·choÐpneuÏmo¶niÏa (?), n. [Bronchus + pneumonia.] (Med.) Inflammation of the bronchi and lungs; catarrhal pneumonia. Bron¶choÏtome (?), n. [Gr. ? windpipe + ? to cut.] (Surg.) An instrument for cutting into the bronchial tubes. BronÏchot¶oÏmy (?), n. (Surg.) An incision into the windpipe or larynx, including the operations of tracheotomy and laryngotomy. ØBron¶chus (?), n.; pl. Bronchi (?). [NL., fr. Gr. ? windpipe. Cf. Bronchia.] (Anat.) One of the subdivisions of the trachea or windpipe; esp. one of the two primary divisions. Bron¶co (?), n. Same as Broncho. Brond (?), n. [See Brand.] A sword. [Obs.] Bron¶toÏlite (?), Bron¶toÏlith (?), } n. [Gr. ? + Ïlite, Ïlith.] An a‰rolite. [R.] BronÏtol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ? thunder + Ïlogy.] A treatise upon thunder. ØBron·toÏsau¶rus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? thunder + ? lizard.] (Paleon.) A genus of American jurassic dinosaurs. A length of sixty feet is believed to have been attained by these reptiles. ØBron·toÏthe¶riÏum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? thunder + ? beast.] (Paleon.) A genus of large extinct mammals from the moicene strata of western North America. They were allied to the rhinoceros, but the skull bears a pair of powerful horn cores in front of the orbits, and the fore feet were fourÐtoed. See Illustration in Appendix. ØBron·toÏzo¶um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? thunder + ? animal.] (Paleon.) An extinct animal of large size, known from its threeÐtoed footprints in Mesozoic sandstone. µ The tracks made by these reptiles are found eighteen inches in length, and were formerly referred to gigantic birds; but the discovery of large bipedal threeÐtoed dinosaurs has suggested that they were made by those reptiles. Bronze (?), n. [F. bronze, fr. It. bronzo brown, fr. OHG. br?n, G. braun. See Brown, a.] 1. An alloy of copper and tin, to which small proportions of other metals, especially zinc, are sometimes added. It is hard and sonorous, and is used for statues, bells, cannon, etc., the proportions of the ingredients being varied to suit the particular purposes. The varieties containing the higher proportions of tin are brittle, as in bell metal and speculum metal. 2. A statue, bust, etc., cast in bronze. A print, a bronze, a flower, a root. Prior. 3. A yellowish or reddish brown, the color of bronze; also, a pigment or powder for imitating bronze. 4. Boldness; impudence; ½brass.¸ Imbrowned with native bronze, lo! Henley stands. Pope. Aluminium bronze. See under Aluminium. Ð Bronze age, an age of the world which followed the stone age, and was characterized by the use of implements and ornaments of copper or bronze. Ð Bronze powder, a metallic powder, used with size or in combination with painting, to give the appearance of bronze, gold, or other metal, to any surface. Ð Phosphor bronze and Silicious or Silicium bronze are made by adding phosphorus and silicon respectively to ordinary bronze, and are characterized by great tenacity. Bronze, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bronzed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bronzing.] [Cf. F. bronzer. See Bronze, n.] 1. To give an appearance of bronzeto, by a coating of bronze powder, or by other means; to make of the color of bronze; as, to bronze plaster casts; to bronze coins or medals. The tall bronzed blackÐeyed stranger. W.Black. 2. To make hard or unfeeling; to brazen. The lawer who bronzes his bosom instead of his forefead. Sir W.Scott. Bronzed skin disease. (Pathol.) See Addison's disease. Bronze¶wing· (?), n. (Zo”l.) An Australian pigeon of the genus Phaps, of several species; Ð so called from its bronze plumage. Bronz¶ine (?), n. A metal so prepared as to have the appearance of bronze. Ð a. Made of bron?ine; resembling bronze; bronzelike. Bronz¶ing, n. 1. The act or art of communicating to articles in metal, wood, clay, plaster, etc., the appearance of bronze by means of bronze powders, or imitative painting, or by chemical processes. Tomlinson. 2. A material for bronzing. Bronz¶ist, n. One who makes, imitates, collects, or deals in, bronzes. Bronz¶ite (?), n. [Cf. F. bronzite.] (Min.) A variety of enstatite, often having a bronzelike luster. It is a silicate of magnesia and iron, of the pyroxene family. Bronz¶y (?), a. Like bronze. Brooch (?), n. [See Broach, n.] 1. An ornament, in various forms, with a tongue, pin, or loop for attaching it to a garment; now worn at the breast by women; a breastpin. Formerly worn by men on the hat. Honor 's a good brooch to wear a man's hat. B.Jonson. 2. (Paint.) A painting all of one color, as a sepia painting, or an India painting. Brooch, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brooched (?).] To adorn as with a brooch. [R.] Brood (?), n. [OE. brod, AS. brÓd; akin to D. broed, OHG. bruot, G. brut, and also to G. brhe broth, MHG. breje, and perh. to E. brawn, breath. Cf. Breed, v.t.] 1. The young birds hatched at one time; a hatch; as, a brood of chicken. As a hen doth gather her brood under her wings. Luke xiii.34. A hen followed by a brood of ducks. Spectator. 2. The young from the same dam, whether produced at the same time or not; young children of the same mother, especially if nearly of the same age; offspring; progeny; as, a woman with a brood of children. The lion roars and gluts his tawny brood. Wordsworth. 3. That which is bred or produced; breed; species. Flocks of the airy brood, (Cranes, geese or longÐnecked swans). Chapman. 4. (Mining) Heavy waste in tin and copper ores. To sit on brood, to ponder. [Poetic] Shak. Brood, a. 1. Sitting or inclined to sit on eggs. 2. Kept for breeding from; as, a brood mare; brood stock; having young; as, a brood sow. Brood (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Brooded (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brooding.] 1. To sit on and cover eggs, as a fowl, for the purpose of warming them and hatching the young; or to sit over and cover young, as a hen her chickens, in order to warm and protect them; hence, to sit quitely, as if brooding. Birds of calm sir brooding on the charmed wave. Milton. 2. To have the mind dwell continuously or moodily on a subject; to think long and anxiously; to be in a state of gloomy, serious thought; Ð usually followed by over or on; as, to brood over misfortunes. Brooding on unprofitable gold. Dryden. Brooding over all these matters, the mother felt like one who has evoked a spirit. Hawthorne. When with downcast eyes we muse and brood. Tennyson.

<— p. 185 —>

Brood (?), v.t. 1. To sit over, cover, and cherish; as, a hen broods her chickens.
2. To cherish with care. [R.]
3. To think anxiously or moodily upon.
You'll sit and brood your sorrows on a throne.
Dryden.
Brood¶y (?), a. Inclined to brood.
Ray.
Brook (?), n. [OE. brok, broke, brook, AS. brÓc; akin to D. broek, LG. brÓk, marshy ground, OHG. pruoh, G. bruch marsh; prob. fr. the root of E. break, so as that it signifies water breaking through the earth, a spring or brook, as well as a marsh. See Break, v.t.] A natural stream of water smaller than a river or creek.
The Lord thy God bringeth thee into a good land, a land of brooks of water.
Deut.viii.7.
Empires itself, as doth an inland brook
Into the main of waters.
Shak.
Brook, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brooked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brooking.] [OE. broken, bruken, to use, enjoy, digest, AS. br?can; akin to D. gebruiken to use, OHG. pr?hhan, G. brauchen, gebrauchen, Icel. br?ka, Goth. br?kjan, and L. frui, to enjoy. Cf. Fruit, Broker.] 1. To use; to enjoy. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. To bear; to endure; to put up with; to tolerate; as, young men can not brook restraint.
Spenser.
Shall we, who could not brook one lord,
Crouch to the wicked ten?
Macaulay.
3. To deserve; to earn. [Obs.]
Sir J.Hawkins.
Brook¶ite (?), n. [Named from the English mineralogist, H.J.Brooke.] (Min.) A mineral consisting of titanic oxide, and hence identical with rutile and octahedrite in composition, but crystallizing in the orthorhombic system.
Brook¶let (?), n. A small brook.
Brook¶lime· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Veronica Beccabunga), with flowers, usually blue, in axillary racemes. The American species is V. Americana. [Formerly written broklempe or broklympe.]
Brook¶ mint· (?). (Bot.) See Water mint.
Brook¶side· (?), n. The bank of a brook.
Brook¶weed· (?), n. (Bot.) A small whiteÐflowered herb (Samolus Valerandi) found usually in wet places; water pimpernel.
Broom (?), n. [OE. brom, brome, AS. brÓm; akin to LG. bram, D. brem, OHG. br¾mo broom, thorn?bush, G. brombeere blackberry. Cf. Bramble, n.] 1. (Bot.) A plant having twigs suitable for makingÿbrooms to sweep with when bound together; esp., the Cytisus scoparius of Western Europe, which is a low shrub with long, straight, green, angular branches, mintue leaves, and large yellow flowers.
No gypsy cowered o'er fires of furze and broom.
Wordsworth.
2. An implement for sweeping floors, etc., commonly made of the panicles or tops of broom corn, bound together or attached to a long wooden handle; Ð so called because originally made of the twigs of the broom.
Butcher's broom, a plant (Ruscus aculeatus) of the Smilax family, used by butchers for brooms to sweep their blocks; Ð called also knee holly. See Cladophyll. Ð Dyer's broom, a species of mignonette (Reseda luteola), used for dyeing yellow; dyer's weed; dyer's rocket. Ð Spanish broom. See under Spanish.
Broom, v.t. (Naut.) See Bream.
Broom¶ corn· (?). (Bot.) A variety of Sorghum vulgare, having a joined stem, like maize, rising to the height of eight or ten feet, and bearing its seeds on a panicle with long branches, of which brooms are made.
Broom¶ rape· (?). (Bot.) A genus (Orobanche) of parasitic plants of Europe and Asia. They are destitute of chlorophyll, have scales instead of leaves, and spiked flowers, and grow attached to the roots of other plants, as furze, clover, flax, wild carrot, etc. The name is sometimes applied to other plants related to this genus, as Aphyllon uniflorumand A. Ludovicianum.
Broom¶staff· (?), n. A broomstick. [Obs.]
Shak.
Broom¶stick· (?), n. A stick used as a handle of a broom.
Broom¶y (?), a. Of or pertaining to broom; overgrowing with broom; resembling broom or a broom.
If land grow mossy or broomy.
Mortimer.
Brose (?), n. [CF. Gael. brothas. Cf. Brewis, Broth.] Pottage made by pouring some boilingÿliquid on meal (esp. oatmeal), and stirring it. It is called beef brose, water brose, etc., according to the name of the liquid (beef broth, hot water, etc.) used. [Scot.]
Brot¶el (?), a. Brittle. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Brot¶elÏness, n. Brittleness. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Broth (?), n. [AS. bro?; akin to OHG. brod, brot; cf. Ir. broth, Gael. brot. û93. Cf. Brewis, Brew.] Liquid in which flesh (and sometimes other substances, as barley or rice) has been boiled; thin or simple soup.
I am sure by your unprejudiced discourses that you love broth better than soup.
Addison.
Broth¶el (?), n. [OE. brothel, brodel, brethel, a prostitute, a worthless fellow, fr. AS. ber¢?an to ruin, destroy; cf. AS. bre¢tan to break, and E. brittle. The term brothel house was confused with bordel brothel. CF. Bordel.] A house of lewdness or ill fame; a house frequented by prostitutes; a bawdyhouse.
Broth¶elÏer (?), n. One who frequents brothels.
Broth¶elÏry (?), n. Lewdness; obscenity; a brothel.
B.Jonson.
Broth¶er (?), n.; pl. Brothers (?) or Brethren (?). See Brethren. [OE. brother, AS. brÓ?or; akin to OS. brothar, D. broeder, OHG. pruodar, G. bruder, Icel. brÓ?ir, Sw. & Dan. broder, Goth. brÓ?ar, Ir. brathair, W. brawd, pl. brodyr, Lith. brolis, Lett. brahlis, Russ. brat', Pol. & Serv. brat, OSlav. brat?, L. frater, Skr. bhr¾t?, Zend. bratar brother, Gr. ?, ?, a clansman. The common plural is Brothers; in the solemn style, Brethren, OE. pl. brether, bretheren, AS. dat. sing. brÇ?er, nom. pl. brÓ?or, brÓ?ru. û258. Cf. Frair, Fraternal.] 1. A male person who has the same father and mother with another person, or who has one of them only. In the latter case he is more definitely called a half brother, or brother of the half blood.
Two of us in the churchyard lie,
My sister and my brother.
Wordsworth.
2. One related or closely united to another by some common tie or interest, as of rank, profession, membership in a society, toil, suffering, etc.; Ð used among judges, clergymen, monks, physicians, lawers, professors of religion, etc. ½A brother of your order.¸
Shak.
We few, we happy few, we band of brothers,
For he toÐday that sheds his blood with me
Shall be my brother.
Shak.
3. One who, or that which, resembles another in distinctive qualities or traits of character.
He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that is a great waster.
Prov.xviii.9.
That April morn
Of this the very brother.
Wordsworth.
µ In Scripture, the term brother is applied to a kinsman by blood more remote than a son of the same parents, as in the case of Abraham and Lot, Jacob and Laban. In a more general sense, brother or brethren is used for fellowÐmanÿor fellowÐmen.
For of whom such massacre
Make they but of their brethren, men of men?
Milton.
Brother Jonathan, a humorous designation for the people of the United States collectively. The phrase is said to have originated from Washington's referring to the patriotic Jonathan Trumbull, governor of Connecticut, as ½Brother Jonathan.¸ Ð Blood brother. See under Blood.
Broth¶er (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brothered (?).] To make a brother of; to call or treat as a brother; to admit to a brotherhood.
Sir W.Scott.
Broth¶er ger¶man (?). (Law) A brother by both the father's and mother's side, in contradistinction to a uterine brother, one by the mother only.
Bouvier.
Broth¶erÏhood (?), n. [Brother + Ïhood.] 1. The state of being brothers or a brother.
2. An association for any purpose, as a society of monks; a fraternity.
3. The whole body of persons engaged in the same business, Ð especially those of the same profession; as, the legal or medical brotherhood.
4. Persons, and, poetically, things, of a like kind.
A brotherhood of venerable trees.
Wordsworth.
Syn. - Fraternity; association; fellowship; sodality.
Broth¶erÐinÐlaw· (?), n.; pl. BrothersÐinÏlaw (?). The brother of one's husband or wife; also, the husband of one's sister; sometimes, the husband of one's wife's sister.
Broth¶erÏliÏness (?), n. The state or quality of being brotherly.
Broth¶erÏly (?), a. Of or pertaining to brothers; such as is natural for brothers; becoming to brothers; kind; affectionate; as, brotherly love.
Syn. - Fraternal; kind; affectionate; tender.
Broth¶erÏly, adv. Like a brother; affectionately; kindly. ½I speak but brotherly of him.¸
Shak.
Broud¶ed (?), p.a. Braided; broidered. [Obs.]
Alle his clothes brouded up and down.
Chaucer.
Brough¶am (?), n. A light, close carriage, with seats inside for two or four, and the fore wheels so arranged as to turn short.
Brow (?), n. [OE. browe, bruwe, AS. br?; akin to AS. br?w, bre w, eyelid, OFries. brÇ, D. braauw, Icel. br¾, br?n, OHG. pr¾wa, G. braue, OSlav. br?v?, Russ. brove, Ir. brai, Ir. & Gael. abhra, Armor. abrant, Gr. ?, Skr. bhr?. Cf. Bray a bank, Bridge.] 1. The prominent ridge over the eye, with the hair that covers it, forming an arch above the orbit.
And his arched brow, pulled o'er his eyes,
With solemn proof proclaims him wise.
Churchill.
2. The hair that covers the brow (ridge over the eyes); the eyebrow.
'T is not your inky brows, your brack silk hair.
Shak.
3. The forehead; as, a feverish brow.
Beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow.
Shak.
4. The general air of the countenance.
To whom thus Satan with contemptuous brow.
Milton.
He told them with a masterly brow.
Milton.
5. The edge or projecting upper aprt of a steep place; as, the brow of a precipice; the brow of a hill.
To bend the brow, To knit the brows, to frown; to scowl.
Brow, v.t. To boundÿto limit; to be at, or form, the edge of. [R.]
Tending my flocks hard by i' the hilly crofts
That brow this bottom glade.
Milton.
Brow¶beat· (?), v.t. [imp. Browbeat; p.p. Browbeaten (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browbeating.] To depress or bear down with haughty, stern looks, or with arrogant speech and dogmatic assertions; to abash or disconcert by impudent or abusive words or looks; to bully; as, to browbeat witnesses.
My grandfather was not a man to be browbeaten.
W.Irving.
Brow¶beat·ing, n. The act of bearing down, abashing, or disconcerting, with stern looks, suspercilious manners, or confident assertions.
The imperious browbeating and scorn of great men.
L'Estrange.
Brow¶bound· (?), a. Crowned; having the head encircled as with a diadem.
Shak.
Browd¶yng (?), n. Embroidery. [Obs.]
Of goldsmithrye, of browdying, and of steel.
Chaucer.
Browed (?), a. Having (such) a brow; Ð used in composition; as, darkÐbrowed, sternÐbrowed.
Brow¶less (?), a. Without shame.
L.Addison.
Brown (?), a. [Compar. Browner (?); superl. Brownest.] [OE. brun, broun, AS. br?n; akin to D. bruin, OHG. br?n, Icel. br?nn, Sw. brun, Dan. bruun, G. braun, Lith. brunas, Skr. babhru. û93, 253. Cf. Bruin, Beaver, Burnish, Brunette.] Of a dark color, of various shades between black and red or yellow.
Cheeks brown as the oak leaves.
Longfellow.
Brown Bess, the old regulation flintlock smoothbore musket, with bronzed barrel, formerly used in the British army. Ð Brown bread. (a) Dark colored bread; esp. a kind made of unbolted wheat flour, sometimes called in the United States Graham bread. ½He would mouth with a beggar though she smelt brown bread and garlic.¸ Shak. (b) Dark colored bread made of rye meal and Indian meal, or of wheat and rye or Indian; rye and Indian bread. [U.S.] Ð Brown coal, wood coal. See Lignite. Ð Brown hematitre or Brown iron ore (Min.), the hydrous iron oxide, limonite, which has a brown streak. See Limonite. Ð Brown holland. See under Holland. Ð Brown paper, dark colored paper, esp. coarse wrapping paper, made of unbleached materials. Ð Brown sparÿ(Min.), a ferruginous variety of dolomite, in part identical with ankerite. Ð Brown stone. See Brownstone. Ð Brown stout, a strong kind of proter or malt liquor. Ð Brown study, a state of mental abstraction or serious reverie.
W.Irving.
Brown, n. A dark color inclining to red or yellow, resulting from the mixture of red and black, or of red, black, and yellow; a tawny, dusky hue.
Brown, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Browned (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browning.] 1. To make brown or dusky.
A trembling twilight o'er welkin moves,
Browns the dim void and darkens deep the groves.
Barlow.
2. To make brown by scorching slightly; as, to brown meat or flour.
3. To give a bright brown color to, as to gun barrels, by forming a thin coat of oxide on their surface.
Ure.
Brown, v.i. To become brown.
Brown¶back· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The dowitcher or redÐbreasted snipe. See Dowitcher.
Brown¶ bill· (?). [Brown + bill cuttingÿtool.] A bill or halberd of the 16th and 17th centuries. See 4th Bill.
Many time, but for a sallet, my brainp?n had been cleft with a brown bill.
Shak.
µ The black, or as it is sometimes called, the brown bill, was a kind of halberd, the cutting part hooked like a woodman's bill, from the back of which projected a spike, and another from the head.
Grose.
Brown¶iÏan (?), a. Pertaining to Dr. Robert Brown, who first demonstrated (about 1827) the commonness of the motion described below.
Brownian movement, the peculiar, rapid, vibratory movement exhibited by the microscopic particles of substances when suspended in water or other fluids.
Brown¶ie (?), n. [So called from its supposed tawny or swarthy color.] An imaginary goodÐnatured spirit, who was supposed often to perform important services around the house by night, such as thrashing, churning, sweeping. [Scot.]
Brown¶ing, n. 1. The act or operation of giving a brown color, as to gun barrels, etc.
2. (Masonry) A smooth coat of brown mortar, usually the second coat, and the preparation for the finishing coat of plaster.
Brown¶ish, a. Somewhat brown.
Brown¶ism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The views or teachings of Robert Brown of the Brownists.
Milton.
Brown¶ism, n. (Med.) The doctrines of the Brunonian system of medicine. See Brunonian.
Brown¶ist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Robert Brown, of England, in the 16th century, who taught that every church is complete and independent in itself when organized, and consists of members meeting in one place, having full power to elect and depose its officers.
Brown¶ist, n. (Med.) One who advocates the Brunonian system of medicine.
Brown¶ness, n. The quality or state of being brown.
Now like I brown (O lovely brown thy hair);
Only in brownness beauty dwelleth there.
Drayton.
Brown¶stone· (?), n. A dark variety of sandstone, much used for building purposes.
Brown¶ thrush¶ (?). (Zo”l.) A common American singing bird (Harporhynchus rufus), allied to the mocking bird; Ð also called brown thrasher.
Brown¶wort· (?), n. (Bot.) A species 9figwort or Scrophularia (S. vernalis), and otherÿspecies of the same genus, mostly perennials with inconspicuous coarse flowers.
Brown¶y (?), a. Brownÿor, somewhat brown. ½Browny locks.¸
Shak.
Brow¶post· (?), n. (Carp.) A beam that goes across a building.
Browse (?), n. [OF. brost, broust, sprout, shoot, F. brout browse, browsewood, prob. fr. OHG. burst, G. borste, bristle; cf. also Armor. broustaÿto browse. See Bristle, n., Brush, n.] The tender branches or twigs of trees and shrubs, fit for the food of cattle and other animals; green food.
Spenser.
Sheep, goats, and oxen, and the nobler steed,
On browse, and corn, and flowery meadows feed.
Dryden.
Browse, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Browsed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browsing.] [For broust, OF. brouster, bruster, F. brouter. See Browse, n., and cf. Brut.] 1. To eat or nibble off, as the tender branches of trees, shrubs, etc.; Ð said of cattle, sheep, deer, and some other animals.
Yes, like the stag, when snow the plasture sheets,
The barks of trees thou browsedst.
Shak.
2. To feed on, as pasture; to pasture on; to graze.
Fields … browsed by deepÐuddered kine.
Tennyson.

<— p. 186 —>

Browse (?), v.i. 1. To feed on the tender branches or shoots of shrubs or trees, as do cattle, sheep, and deer. 2. To pasture; to feed; to nibble. Shak. Brows¶er (?), n. An animal that browses. Browse¶wood· (?), n. Srubs and bushes upon which animals browse. Brows¶ing, n. Browse; also, a place abounding with shrubs where animals may browse. Browsings for the deer. Howell. Brow¶spot· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A rounded organ between the eyes of the frog; the interocular gland. ØBruÏang¶ (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) The Malayan sun bear. Bru¶cine (?), n. [Cf. F. brucine, fr. James Bruce, a Scottish traveler.] (Chem.) A poweful vegetable alkaloid, found, associated with strychnine, in the seeds of different species of Strychnos, especially in the ux vomica. It is powerful than strychnine. Called also bruciaÿand brucina. Bru¶cite (?), n. [Named after Dr. A.Bruce of New York.] (Min.) (a) A white, pearly mineral, occurring thin and foliated, like talc, and also fibrous; a native magnesium hydrate. (b) The mineral chondrodite. [R.] Bruck¶eled (?), a. Wet and dirty; begrimed. [Obs. or Dial.] Herrick. ØBruh (?), n. (Zo”l.) [Native name.] The rhesus monkey. See Rhesus. Bru¶in (?), n. [D. bruin brown. In the epic poem of ½Reynard the Fox¸ the bear is so called from his color. See Brown, a.] A bear; Ð so called in popular tales and fables. Bruise (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bruised (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bruising.] [OE. brusen, brisen, brosen, bresen, AS. br?sanÿor fr. OF. bruiser, bruisier, bruser, to break, shiver, perh. from OHG. brochisÓn. Cf. Break, v.t.] 1. To injure, as by a blow or collision, without laceration; to contuse; as, to bruise one's finger with a hammer; to bruise the bark of a tree with a stone; to bruise an apple by letting it fall. 2. To break; as in a mortar; to bray, as minerals, roots, etc.; to crush. Nor bruise her flowerets with the armed hoofs. Shak. Syn. - To pulverize; bray; triturate; pound; contuse. Bruise, v.i. To fight with the fists; to box. Bruising was considered a fine, manly, old English custom. Thackeray. Bruise, n. An injury to the flesh of animals, or to plants, fruit, etc., with a blunt or heavy instrument, or by collision with some other body; a contusion; as, a bruise on the head; bruises on fruit. From the sole of the foot even unto the head there is no soundness in it; but wounds, and bruises. Isa.i.6. Bruis¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, bruises. 2. A boxer; a pugilist. R.Browning. Like a new bruiser on Broughtonic aand, Amid the lists our hero takes his stand. T.Warton. 3. A concave tool used in grinding lenses or the speculums of telescopes. Knight. Bruise¶wort· (?), n. A plant supposed to heal bruises, as the true daisy, the soapwort, and the comfrey. Bruit (?), n. [OE. bruit, brut, noise, bruit, F. bruit, fr. LL. brugitus; cf. L. rugireÿto roar; perh. influenced by the source of E. bray to make a harsh noise, Armor. brud bruit.] 1. Report; rumor; fame. The bruit thereof will bring you many friends. Shak. 2. [French pron. ?.] (Med.) An abnormal sound of several kinds, heard on auscultation. Bruit, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bruited; p.pr. & vb.n. Bruiting.] To report; to noise abroad. I find thou art no less than fame hath bruited. Shak. ØBru·maire¶ (?), n. [F., fr. L. bruma winter.] The second month of the calendar adopted by the first French republic. It began thirty days after the autumnal equinox. See Vendemiaire. Bru¶mal (?), a. [L. brumalis, fr. bruma winter: cf. F. brumal.] Of or pertaining to winter. ½The brumal solstice.¸ Sir T.Browne. Brume (?), n. [F. brume winter season, mist, L. bruma winter.] Mist; fog; vapors. ½The drifting brume.¸ Longfellow. Brum¶maÏgem (?), a. [Birmingham (formerly Bromwycham), Eng., ½the great mart and manufactory of gilt toys, cheap jewelry,¸ etc.] Counterfeit; gaudy but worthless; sham. [Slang] ½These Brummagem gentry.¸ Lady D.Hardy. Bru¶mous (?), a. Foggy; misty. Brun (?), n. [See Broun a brook.] Same as Brun, a brook. [Scot.] BruÏnette¶ (?), n. [F. brunet, brunette, brownish, dim. of brun, brune, brown, fr. OHG. br?n. See Brown, a.] A girl or woman with a somewhat brown or dark complexion. Ð a. Having a dark tint. Brun¶ion (?), n. [F. brugnon (cf. It. brugna, prugna), fr. L. prunum. See Prune, n.] A nectarine. BruÏno¶niÏan (?), a. Pertaining to, or invented by, Brown; Ð a term applied to a system of medicine promulgated in the 18th century by John Brown, of Scotland, the fundamental doctrine of which was, that life is a state of excitation produced by the normal action of external agents upon the body, and that disease consists in excess or deficiency of excitation. Bruns¶wick black· (?). See Japan black. Bruns¶wick green· (?). [G. Braunschweiger grn, first made at Brunswick, in Germany.] An oxychloride 9copper, used as a green pigment; also, a carbonate of copper similarly employed. Brunt (?), n. [OE. brunt, bront, fr. Icel. brunaÿto rush; cf. Icel. brennaÿto burn. Cf. Burn, v.t.] 1. The heat, or utmost violence, of an onset; the strength or greatest fury of any contention; as, the brunt of a battle. 2. The force of a blow; shock; collision. ½And heavy brunt of cannon ball.¸ Hudibras. It is instantly and irrecoverably scattered by our first brunt with some real affair of common life. I.Taylor. Brush (?), n. [OE. brusche, OF. broche, broce, brosse, brushwood, F. brosseÿbrush, LL. brustia, bruscia, fr. OHG. brusta, brust, bristle, G. borste bristle, brste brush. See Bristle, n., and cf. Browse.] 1. An instrument composed of bristles, or other like material, set in a suitable back or handle, as of wood, bone, or ivory, and used for various purposes, as in removing dust from clothes, laying on colors, etc. Brushes have different shapes and names according to their use; as, clothes brush, paint brush, tooth brush, etc. 2. The bushy tail of a fox. 3. (Zo”l.) A tuft of hair on the mandibles. 4. Branchesÿof trees lopped off; brushwood. 5. A thicket of shrubs or small trees; the shrubs and small trees in a wood; underbrush. 6. (Elec.) A bundle of flexible wires or thin plates of metal, used to conduct an electrical currentÿto or from the commutator of a dynamo, electric motor, or similar apparatus. 7. The act of brushing; as, to give one's clothes a brush; a rubbing or grazing with a quick motion; a light touch; as, we got a brush from the wheel as it passed. [As leaves] have with one winter's brush Fell from their boughts. Shak. 8. A skirmish; a slight encounter; a shock or collision; as, to have a brush with an enemy. Let grow thy sinews till their knots be strong, And tempt not yet the brushes of the war. Shak. 9. A shoer contest, or trial, of speed. Let us enjoy a brush across the country. Cornhill Mag. Electrical brush, a form of the electric discharge characterized by a brushlike appearance of luminous rays diverging from an electrified body. Brush, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brushed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brushing.] [OE. bruschen; cf. F. brosser. See Brush, n.] 1. To apply a brush to, according to its particular use; to rub, smooth, clean, paint, etc., with a brush. ½A' brushes his hat o' mornings.¸ Shak. 2. To touch in passing, or to pass lightly over, as with a brush. Some spread their sailes, some with strong oars sweep The waters smooth, and brush the buxom wave. Fairfax. Brushed with the kiss of rustling wings. Milton. 3. To remove or gather by brushing, or by an act like that of brushing, or by passing lightly over, as wind; Ð commonly with off. As wicked dew as e'er my mother brushed With raven's feather from unwholesome fen. Shak. And from the boughts brush off the evil dew. Milton. To brush aside, to remove from one's way, as with a brush. Ð To brush away, to remove, as with a brush or brushing motion. Ð To brush up, to paint, or make clean or bright with a brush; to cleanse or improve; to renew. You have commissioned me to paint your shop, and I have done my best to brush you up like your neighbors. Pope. Brush, v.i. To move nimbly in haste; to move so lightly as scarcely to be perceived; as, to brush by. Snatching his hat, he brushed off like the wind. Goldsmith. Brush¶er (?), n. One who, or that which, brushes. Brush¶iÏness (?), n. The quality of resembling a brush; brushlike condition; shagginess. Dr. H.More. Brush¶ing, a. 1. Constructed or used to brush with; as a brushing machine. 2. Brisk; light; as, a brushing gallop. Brush¶ite (?), n. [From George J.Brush, an American mineralogist.] (Min.) A white or gray crystalline mineral consisting of the acid phosphate of calcium. Brush¶ tur·key (?). (Zo”l.) A large, edible, gregarious bird of Australia (Talegalla Lathami) of the family Megapodid‘. Also applied to several allied species of New Guinea. µ The brush turkeys live in the ½brush,¸ and construct a common nest by collecting a large heap of decaying vegetable matter, which generates heat sufficient to hatch the numerous eggs (sometimes half a bushel) deposited in it by the females of the flock. Brush¶ wheel· (?). 1. A wheel without teeth, used to turn a similar one by the friction of bristles or something brushlike or soft attached to the circumference. 2. A circular revolving brush used by turners, lapidaries, silversmiths, etc., for polishing. Brush¶wood (?), n. 1. Brush; a thicket or coppice of small trees and shrubs. 2. Small branches of trees cut off. Brush¶y, a. Resembling a brush; shaggy; rough. Brusk (?), a. Same as Brusque. Brusque (?), a. [F. brusque, from It. bruscoÿbrusque, tart, sour, perh. fr. L. (vitis) labrusca wild (vine); or cf. OHG. bruttisc grim, fr. brutti terror.] Rough and prompt in manner; blunt; abrupt; hluff; as, a brusque man; a brusque style. Brusque¶ness, n. Quality of beingÿbrusque; roughness joined with promptness; blutness. Brit. Quar. Brus¶sels (?), n. A city of Belgium, giving its name to a kind of carpet, a kind of lace, etc. Brussels carpet, a kind of carpet made of worsted yarn fixed in a foundation web of strong linen thread. The worsted, which alone shows on the upper surface in drawn up in loops to form the pattern. Ð Brussels ground, a name given to the handmade ground of real Brussels lace. It is very costly because of the extreme finenessÿof the threads. Ð Brussels lace, an expensive kind of lace of several varieties, originally made in Brussels; as, Brussels point, Brussels ground, Brussels wire ground. Ð Brussels net, an imitation of Brussels ground, made by machinery. Ð Brussels point. See Point lace. Ð Brussels sproutsÿ(Bot.), a plant of the Cabbage family, which produces, in the axils of the upright stem, numerous small green heads, or ½sprouts,¸ each a cabbage in miniature, of one or two inches in diameter; the thousandÐheaded cabbage. Ð Brussels wire ground, a ground for lace, made of silk, with meshes partly straight and partly arched. Brus¶tle (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Brustled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brustling (?).] [OE. brustlien and brastlien, AS. brastlian, fr. berstan to burst, akin to G. prasselnÿto crackle. See Burst, v.i.] 1. To crackle; to rustle, as a silk garment. [Obs.] Gower. 2. To make a show of firecenessÿor defiance; to bristle. [Obs.] To brustle up, to bristle up. [Obs.] Otway. Brus¶tle, n. A bristle. [Obs. or Prov.] Chaucer. Brut (?), v.i. [F. brouter, OF. brouster. See Browse, n.] To browse. [Obs.] Evelyn. Brut, n. (Zo”l.) See Birt. ØBru¶ta (?), n. [NL., neuter pl., fr. L. brutus heavy, stupid.] (Zo”l.) See Edentata. Bru¶tal (?), a. [Cf. F. brutal. See Brute, a.] 1. Of or pertaining to a brute; as, brutal nature. ½Above the rest of brutal kind.¸ Milton. 2. Like a brute; savage; cruel; inhuman; brutish; unfeeling; merciless; gross; as, brutal manners. ½Brutal intemperance.¸ Macaulay. Bru¶talÏism (?), n. Brutish quality; brutality. BruÏtal¶iÏty (?), n.; pl. Brutalities (?). [Cf. F. brutalit‚.] 1. The quality of beingÿbrutal; inhumanity; savageness; pitilessness. 2. An inhuman act. The … brutalities exercised in war. Brougham. Bru·talÏiÏza¶tion (?), n. The act or processÿof making brutal; state of being brutalized. Bru¶talÏize (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brutalized (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brutalizing.] [Cf. F. brutaliser.] To make brutal; beasty; unfeeling; or inhuman. Bru¶talÏize, v.i. To become brutal, inhuman, barbarous, or coarse and beasty. [R.] He mixed … with his countrymen, brutalized with them in their habits and manners. Addison. Bru¶talÏly, adv. In a brutal manner; cruelly. Brute (?), a. [F. brut, nasc., brute, fem., raw, rough, rude, brutish, L. brutus stupid, irrational: cf. It. & Sp. bruto.] 1. Not having sensation; senseless; inanimate; unconscious; without intelligence or volition; as, the brute earth; the brute powers of nature. 2. Not possessing reason, irrational; unthinking; as, a brute beast; the brute creation. A creature … not prone And brute as other creatures, but endued With sanctity of reason. Milton. 3. Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of, a brute beast. Hence: Brutal; cruel; fierce; ferocious; savage; pitiless; as, brute violence. Macaulay. The influence of capital and mere brute labor. Playfair. 4. Having the physical powers predominating over the mental; coarse; unpolished; unintelligent. A great brute farmer from Liddesdale. Sir W.Scott. 5. Rough; uncivilized; unfeeling. [R.] Brute, n. 1. An animal destitute of human reason; any animal not human; esp. a quadruped; a beast. Brutes may be considered as either a‰ral, terrestrial, aquatic, or amphibious. Locke. 2. A brutal person; a savage in heart or manners; as unfeeling or coarse person. An illÐnatured brute of a husband. Franklin. Syn. - See Beast. Brute, v.t. [For bruit.] To report; to bruit. [Obs.] Brute¶ly, adv. In a rude or violent manner. Brute¶ness, n. 1. Brutality. [Obs.] Spenser. 2. Insensibility. ½The bruteness of nature.¸ Emerson. Bru¶tiÏfy (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brutified (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brutifying.] [Brute + Ïfy: cf. F. brutifier.] To make like a brute; to make senseless, stupid, or unfeeling; to brutalize. Any man not quite brutified and void of sense. Barrow. Bru¶tish (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a brute or brutes; of a cruel, gross, and stupid nature; coarse; unfeeling; unintelligent. O, let all provocation Take every brutish shape it can devise. Leigh Hunt. Man may … render himself brutish, but it is in vain that he would seek to take the rank and density of the brute. I.Taylor. Syn. - Insensible; stupid; unfeeling; savage; cruel; brutal; barbarous; inhuman; ferocious; gross; carnal; sensual; bestial. Ð Bru¶tishÏly, adv. Ð Bru¶tishÏness, n. Bru¶tism (?), n. The nature or characteristic qualities or actions of a brute; extreme stupidity, or beastly vulgarity. Bru¶ting (?), n. Browsing. [Obs.] Evelyn. BryÏoÏlog¶iÏcal (?), a. Relating to bryology; as, bryological studies. BryÏol¶oÏgist (?), n. One versed in bryology. BryÏol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ? moss + Ïlogy.] That part of botany which relates to mosses. Bry¶oÏnin (?), n. (Chem.) A bitter principle obtained from the root of the bryony (Bryonia alba and B. dioica). It is a white, or slightly colored, substance, and is emetic and cathartic.

<— p. 187 —>

Bry¶oÏny (?), n. [L. bryonia, Gr. ?, fr. ? to swell, esp. of plants.] (Bot.) The commonname of several cucurbitaceous plants of the genus Bryonia. The root of B. alba (rough or white bryony) and of B. dioica is a strong, irritating cathartic.
Black bryony, a plant (Tamus communis) so named from its dark glossy leaves and black root; black bindweed.
ØBryÏoph¶yÏta (?), n. pl. See Cryptogamia.
ØBry·oÏzo¶a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? moss + ? animal.] (Zo”l.) A class of Molluscoidea, including minute animals which by budding form compound colonies; Ð called also Polyzoa.
µ They are often coralike in form and appearance, each small cell containing an individual zooid. Other species grow in delicate, flexible, branched forms, resembling moss, whence the name. Some are found in fresh water, but most are marine. The three principal divisions are Ectoprocta, Entoprocta, and Pterobranchia. See Cyclostoma, Chilostoma, and Phylactolema.
Bry·oÏzo¶an (?), a. (Zo”l.) Of or pertaining to the Bryozoa. Ð n. One of the Bryozoa.
ØBry·oÏzo¶um (?), n. [NL. See Bryozoa.] (Zo”l.) An individual zooid of a bryozoan coralline, of which there may be two or more kinds in a single colony. The zoÒcia usually have a wreath of tentacles around the mouth, and a well developed stomach and intestinal canal; but these parts are lacking in the otherzooids (Avicularia, OÒcia, etc.).
ØBu·anÏsu¶ah (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) The wild dog of northern India (Cuon prim‘vus), supposed by some to be an ancestral species of the domsetic dog.
ØBu¶at (?), n. [Scot., of uncertain origin.] A lantern; also, the moon. [Scot.]
Sir W.Scott.
Bub (?), n. Strong malt liquor. [Cant]
Prior.
Bub, n. [Cf. 2d Bubby.] A young brother; a little boy; Ð a familiar term of address of a small boy.
Bub, v.t. [Abbrev. from Bubble.] To throw out in bubbles; to bubble. [Obs.]
Sackville.
Bu¶baÏle (?), n. [Cf. F. bubale. See Buffalo, n.] (Zo”l.) A large antelope (Alcelaphus bubalis) of Egypt and the Desert of Sahara, supposed by some to be the fallow deer of the Bible.
Bu¶baÏline (?), a. (Zo”l.) Resembling a buffalo.
Bubaline antelope (Zo”l.), the bubale.
Bub¶ble (?), n. [Cf. D. bobbel, Dan. boble, Sw. bubbla. Cf. Blob, n.] 1. A thin film of liquid inflated with air or gas; as, a soap bubble; bubbles on the surface of a river.
Beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow,
Like bubbles in a late disturbed stream.
Shak.
2. A small quantity of air or gas within a liquid body; as, bubbles risingÿin champagne or a‰rated waters.
3. A globule of air, or globular vacuum, in a transparent solid; as, bubbles in window glass, or in a lens.
4. A small, hollow, floating bead or globe, formerly used for testing the strength of spirits.
5. The globule of air in the spirit tube of a level.
6. Anything that wants firmnessÿor solidity; that which is more specious than real; a false show; a cheat or fraud; a delusive scheme; an empty project; a dishonest speculation; as, the South Sea bubble.
Then a soldier …
Seeking the bubble reputation
Even in the cannon's mouth.
Shak.
7. A person deceived by an empty project; a gull. [Obs.] ½Ganny's a cheat, and I'm a bubble.¸
Prior.
Bub¶ble, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bubbled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bubbling (?).] [Cf. D. bobbelen, Dan. boble.ÿSee Bubble, n.] 1. To rise in bubbles, as liquids when boiling or agitated; to contain bubbles.
The milk that bubbled in the pail.
Tennyson.
2. To run with a gurdling noise, as if forming bubbles; as, a bubbling stream.
Pope.
3. To sing with a gurgling or warbling sound.
At mine ear
Bubbled the nightingale and heeded not.
Tennyson.
Bub¶bler, v.t. To cheat; to deceive.
She has bubbled him out of his youth.
Addison.
The great Locke, who was seldom outwitted by false sounds, was nevertheless bubbled here.
Sterne.
Bub¶bler (?), n. 1. One who cheats.
All the Jews, jobbers, bubblers, subscribers, projectors, etc.
Pope.
2. (Zo”l.) A fish of the Ohio river; Ð so called from the noise it makes.
Bub¶ble shell· (?). (Zo”l.) A marine univalve shell of the genus Bulla and allied genera, belonging to the Tectibranchiata.
Bub¶bling Jock· (?) (Zo”l.) The male wild turkey, the gobbler; Ð so called in allusion to its notes.
Bub¶bly (?), a. Abounding in bubbles; bubbling.
Nash.
Bub¶by (?), n. [Cf. Prov. G. bbbi, or It. poppa, Pr. popa, OF. poupe, a woman's breast.] A woman's breast. [Low]
Bub¶by, n. [A corruption of brother.] Bub; Ð a term of familiar or affectionate address to a small boy.
Bu¶bo (?), n.; pl. Buboes (?). [LL. buboÿthe groin, a swelling in the groin, Gr. ?.] (Med.) An inflammation, with enlargement, of a limphatic gland, esp. in the groin, as in syphilis.
BuÏbon¶ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a bubo or buboes; characterized by buboes.
BuÏbon¶oÏcele (?), n. [Gr. ? groin + ? tumor: cf. F. bubonocŠle.] (Med.) An inguinal hernia; esp. that incomplete variety in which the hernial pouch descends only as far as the groin, forming a swelling there like a bubo.
Bu¶buÏkle (?), n. A red pimple. [R.]
Shak.
Buc¶cal (?), a. [L. bucca cheek: cf. F. buccal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mouth or cheeks.
Buc·caÏneer¶ (?), n. [F. boucanier, fr. boucanerÿto smoke or broil meat and fish, to hunt wild beasts for their skins, boucan a smoking placeÿfor meat or fish, gridiron for smoking: a word of American origin.] A robber upon the sea; a pirate; Ð a term applied especially to the piratical adventurers who made depredations on the Spaniards in America in the 17th and 18th centuries. [Written also bucanier.]
µ Primarily, one who dries and smokes flesh or fish after the manner of the Indians. The name was first given to the French settlers in Hayti or Hispaniola, whose business was to hunt wild cattle and swine.
Buc·caÏneer¶, v.i. To act the part of a buccaneer; to live as a piratical adventurer or sea robber.
Buc·caÏneer¶ish, a. Like a buccaneer; piratical.
Buc¶ciÏnal (?), a. [L. bucina a crooked horn or trumpet.] Shaped or sounding like a trumpet; trumpetlike.
ØBuc·ciÏna¶tor (?), n. [L., a trumpeter, fr. bucinare to sound the trumpet.] (Anat.) A muscle of the cheek; Ð so called from its use in blowing wind instruments.
Buc¶ciÏnoid (?), a. [Buccinum + Ïoid.] (Zo”l.) Resembling the genus Buccinum, or pertaining to the Buccinid‘, a family of marine univalve shells. See Whelk, and Prosobranchiata.
ØBuc¶ciÏnum (?), n. [L., a trumpet, a trumpet shell.] (Zo”l.) A genus of large univalve mollusks abundant in the arctic seas. It includes the common whelk (B. undatum).
BuÏcen¶taur (?), n. [Gr. ?; ox + ? centaur.] 1. A fabulous monster, half ox, half man.
2. [It. bucentoro.] The state barge of Venice, used by the doge in the ceremony of espousing the Adriatic.
ØBu¶ceÏros (?), n. [Gr. ? horned like an ox; ? ox + ? horn.] (Zo”l.) A genus of large perching birds; the hornbills.
Buch¶olÏzite (?), n. [So called from Bucholz, a German chemist.] (Min.) Same as Fibrolite.
Bu¶chu (?), n. (Bot.) A South African shrub (Barosma) with small leaves that are dotted with oil dlands; also, the leaves themselves, which are used in medicine for diseases of the urinary organs, etc. Several species furnish the leaves.
Buck (?), n. [Akin to LG. bke, Dan. byg, Sw. byk, G. bauche: cf. It. bucato, Prov. Sp. bugada, F. bu‚e.] 1. Lye or suds in which cloth is soaked in the operation of bleaching, or in which clothes are washed.
2. The cloth or clothes soaked or washed. [Obs.]
Shak.
Buck, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bucked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bucking.] [OE. bouken; akin to LG. bken, Dan. byge, Sw. byka, G. bauchen, beuchen; cf. OF. buer. Cf. the preceding noun.] 1. To soak, steep, or boil, in lye or suds; Ð a process in bleaching.
2. TO wash (clothes) in lye or suds, or, in later usage, by beating them on stones in running water.
3. (Mining) To break up or pulverize, as ores.
Buck, n. [OE. buk, bucke, AS. bucca, bua, heÐgoat; akin to D. bok, OHG. pocch, G. bock, Ir. boc, W. bwch, Corn. byk; cf. Zend b?za, Skr. bukka. û256. Cf. Butcher, n.] 1. The male of deer, especially fallow deer and antelopes, or of goats, sheep, hares, and rabbits.
µ A male fallow deer is called a fawn in his first year; a pricket in his second; a sorel in his third; a sore in his fourth; a buck of the first head in his fifth; and a great buck in his sixth. The female of the fallow deer is termed a doe. The male of the red deer is termed a stag or hart and not a buck, and the female is called a hind.
Brande & C.
2. A gay, dashing young fellow; a fop; a dandy.
The leading bucks of the day.
Thackeray.
3. A male Indian or negro. [Colloq. U.S.]
µ The word buck is much used in composition for the names of antelopes; as, bush buck, spring buck.
Blue buck. See under Blue. Ð Water buck, a South African variety of antelope (Kobus ellipsiprymnus). See Illust. of Antelope.
Buck (?), v.i. 1. To copulate, as bucks and does.
2. To springÿwith quick plunging leaps, descending with the fore legs rigid and the head held as low down as possible; Ð said of a vicious horse or mule.
Buck, v.t. 1. (Mil.) To subjectÿto a mode of punishment which consists in tyingÿthe wrists together, passing the arms over the bent knees, and putting a stick across the arms and in the angle formed by the knees.
2. To throw by bucking. See Buck, v.i., 2.
The brute that he was riding had nearly bucked him out of the saddle.
W.E.Norris.
Buck, n. A frame on which firewood is sawed; a sawhorse; a sawbuck.
Buck saw, a saw set in a frame and used for sawing wood on a sawhorse.
Buck, n. [See Beech, n.] The beech tree. [Scot.]
Buck mast, the mast or fruit of the beech tree.
Johnson.
Buck¶Ðbas·ket (?), n. [See 1st Buck.] A basket in which clothes are carried to the wash.
Shak.
Buck¶ bean· (?). (Bot.) A plant (Menyanthes trifoliata) which grows in moist and boggy places, having racems of white or reddish flowers and intensely bitter leaves, sometimes used in medicine; marsh trefoil; Ð called also bog bean.
Buck¶board· (?), n. A fourÐwheeled vehicle, having a long elastic board or frame resting on the bolsters or axletrees, and a seat or seats placed transversely upon it; Ð called also buck wagon.
Buck¶er (?), n. (Mining) 1. One who bucks ore.
2. A broadÐheaded hammer used in bucking ore.
Buck¶er, n. A horse or mule that bucks.
Buck¶et (?), n. [OE. boket; cf. AS. buc pitcher, or Corn. buket tub.] 1. A vessel for drawing up water from a well, or for catching, holding, or carrying water, sap, or other liquids.
The old oaken bucket, the ironÐbound bucket,
The mossÐcovered bucket, which hung in the well.
Wordsworth.
2. A vessel (as a tub or scoop) for hoisting and conveying coal, ore, grain, etc.
3. (Mach.) One of the receptacles on the rim of a water wheel into which the water rushes, causing the wheel to revolve; also, a float of a paddle wheel.
4. The valved piston of a lifting pump.
Fire bucket, a bucket for carrying water to put out fires. Ð To kick the bucket, to die. [Low]
Buck¶et shop· (?). An office or a place where facilities are given for betting small sums on current prices of stocks, petroleum, etc. [Slang, U.S.]
Buck¶etÏy (?), n. [A corruption of buckwheat.] Paste used by weavers to dress their webs.
Buchanan.
Buck¶eye· (?), n. 1. (Bot.) A name given to several American trees and shrubs of the same genus (’sculus) as the horse chestnut.
The Ohio buckeye, or Fetid buckeye, is ’sculus glabra. Ð Red buckeye is ’. Pavia. Ð Small buckeye is ’. paviflora. Ð Sweet buckeye, or Yellow buckeye, is ’. flava.
2. A cant name for a native in Ohio. [U.S.]
Buckeye State, Ohio; Ð so called because buckeye trees abound there.
Buck¶Ðeyed· (?), a. Having bad or speckled eyes. ½A buckÐeyed horse.¸
James White.
Buck¶hound· (?), n. A hound for hunting deer.
Master of the buckhounds, an officer in the royal house hold. [Eng.]
Buck¶ie (?), n. (Zo”l.) A large spiral marine shell, esp. the common whelk. See Buccinum. [Scot.]
Deil's buckie, a perverse, refractory youngster. [Slang]
Buck¶ing, n. 1. The act or process of soaking or boiling cloth in an alkaline liquid in the operation of bleaching; also, the liquid used.
Tomlinson.
2. A washing.
3. The processÿof breaking up or pulverizing ores.
Bucking iron (Mining), a broadÐfaced hammer, used in bucking or breaking up ores. Ð Bucking kier (Manuf.), a large circular boiler, or kier, used in bleaching. Ð Bucking stool, a washing block.
Buck¶ish, a. Dandified; foppish.
Buc¶kle (?), n. [OE. bocleÿbuckle, boss of a shield, OF. bocle, F. boucle, boss of a shield, ring, fr. L. buccula a little cheek or mouth, dim. of bucca cheek; this boss or knob resembling a cheek.] 1. A device, usually of metal, consisting of a frame with one more movable tongues or catches, used for fastening things together, as parts of dress or harness, by means of a strap passing through the frame and pierced by the tongue.
2. A distortion bulge, bend, or kink, as in a saw blade or a plate of sheet metal.
Knight.
3. A curl of hair, esp. a kind of crisp curl formerly worn; also, the state of being curled.
Earlocks in tight buckles on each side of a lantern face.
W.Irving.
Lets his wig lie in buckle for a whole half year.
Addison.
4. A contorted expression, as of the face. [R.]
'Gainst nature armed by gravity,
His features too in buckle see.
Churchill.
Buc¶kle (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Buckled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Buckling.] [OE. boclen, F. boucler. See Buckle, n.] 1. To fasten or confine with a buckle or buckles; as, to buckle a harness.
2. To bend; to cause to kink, or to become distorted.
3. To prepare for action; to apply with vigor and earnestness; Ð generally used reflexively<— buckle down —>.
Cartwright buckled himself to the employment.
Fuller.
4. To join in marriage. [Scot.]
Sir W.Scott.

<— p. 188 —>

Buc¶kle (?), v.i. 1. To bend permanently; to become distorted; to bow; to curl; to kink.
Buckled with the heat of the fire like parchment.
Pepys.
2. To bend out of a true vertical plane, as a wall.
3. To yield; to give way; to cease opposing. [Obs.]
The Dutch, as high as they seem, do begin to buckle.
Pepys.
4. To enter upon some labor or contest; to join in close fight; to struggle; to contend.
The bishop was as able and ready to buckle with the Lord Protector as he was with him.
Latimer.
In single combat thou shalt buckle with me.
Shak.
To buckle to, to bend to; to engage with zeal.
To make our sturdy humor buckle thereto.
Barrow.
Before buckling to my winter's work.
J.D.Forbes.
Buc¶kler (?), n. [OE. bocler, OF. bocler, F. bouclier, a shield with a boss, from OF. bocle, boucle, boss. See Buckle, n.] 1. A kind of shield, of various shapes and sizes, worn on one of the arms (usually the left) for protecting the front of the body.
µ In the sword and buckler play of the Middle Ages in England, the buckler was a small shield, used, not to cover the body, but to stop or parry blows.
2. (Zo”l.) (a) One of the large, bony, external plates found on many ganoid fishes. (b) The anterior segment of the shell of trilobites.
3. (Naut.) A block of wood or plate of iron made to fit a hawse hole, or the circular opening in a halfÐport, to prevent water from entering when the vessel pitches.
Blind bucklerÿ(Naut.), a solid buckler. Ð Buckler mustardÿ(Bot.), a genus of plants (Biscutella) with small bright yellow flowers. The seed vessel on bursting resembles two bucklers or shields. Ð Buckler thorn, a plant with seed vessels shaped like a buckler. See Christ's thorn. Ð Riding bucklerÿ(Naut.), a buckler with a hole for the passage of a cable.
Buc¶kler, v.t. To shield; to defend. [Obs.]
Can Oxford, that did ever fence the right,
Now buckler falsehood with a pedigree?
Shak.
Buc¶klerÐhead·ed (?), a. Having a head like a buckler.
Buc¶kling (?), a. Wavy; curling, as hair.
Latham.
Buck¶ra (?), n. [In the languageÿof the Calabar coast, buckra means ½demon, a powerful and superior being.¸ J.L.Wilson.] A white man; Ð a term used by negroes of the African coast, West Indies, etc.
Buck¶ra, a. White; white man's; strong; good; as, buckra yam, a white yam.
Buck¶ram (?), n. [OE. bokeram, bougeren, OF. boqueran, F. bougran, MHG. buckeram, LL. buchiranus, boquerannus, fr. MHG. boc, G. bock, goat (as being made of goat's hair), or fr. F. bouracan, by transposing the letter r. See Buck, Barracan.] 1. A coarse cloth of linen or hemp, stiffened with size or glue, used in garments to keep them in the form intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise.
µ Buckram was formerly a very different material from that now known by the name. It was used for wearingÿapparel, etc.
Beck (Draper's Dict.).
2. (Bot.) A plant. See Ramson.
Dr. Prior.
Buck¶ram, a. 1. Made of buckram; as, a buckram suit.
2. Stiff; precise. ½Buckram dames.¸
Brooke.
Buck¶ram, v.t. To strengthen with buckram; to make stiff.
Cowper.
Buck's¶Ðhorn· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant with leaves branched somewhat like a buck's horn (Plantago Coronopus); also, Lobelia coronopifolia.
Buck¶shot· (?), n. A coarse leaden shot, larger than swan shot, used in hunting deer and large game.
Buck¶skin· (?), n. 1. The skin of a buck.
2. A soft strong leather, usually yellowish or grayish in color, made of deerskin.
3. A person clothed in buckskin, particularly an American soldier of the Revolutionary war.
Cornwallis fought as lang's he dought,
An' did the buckskins claw, man.
Burns.
4. pl. Breeches made of buckskin.
I have alluded to his buckskin.
Thackeray.
Buck¶stall· (?), n. A toil or net to take deer.
Buck¶thorn· (?), n. (Bot.) A genus (Rhamnus) of shrubs or trees. The shorter branches of some species terminate in long spines or thorns. See Rhamnus.
Sea buckthorn, a plant of the genus Hippopha‰.
Buck¶tooth· (?), n. Any tooth that juts out.
When he laughed, two white buckteeth protruded.
Thackeray.
Buck¶wheat· (?), n. [Buck a beech tree + wheat; akin to D. boekweit, G. buchweizen.] 1. (Bot.) A plant (Fagopyrum esculentum) of the Polygonum family, the seed of which is used for food.
2. The triangular seed used, when ground, for griddle cakes, etc.
BuÏcol¶ic (?), a. [L. bucolicus, Gr. ?, fr. ? cowherd, herdsman; ? ox + (perh.) ? race horse; cf. Skr. kalÿto drive: cf. F. bucolique. See Cow the animal.] Of or pertaining to the life and occupation of a shepherd; pastoral; rustic.
BuÏcol¶ic, n. [L. Bucolic“n po‰ma.] A pastoral poem, representing rural affairs, and the life, manners, and occupation of shepherds; as, the Bucolics of Theocritus and Virgil.
Dryden.
BuÏcol¶icÏal (?), a. Bucolic.
ØBuÏcra¶niÏum (?), n.; pl. L. Bucrania (?). [L., fr. Gr. ? ox head.] A sculptured ornament, representing an ox skull adorned with wreaths, etc.
Bud (?), n. [OE. budde; cf. D. bot, G. butze, butz, the core of a fruit, bud, LG. butte in hagebutte, hainbutte, a hip of the dogÐrose, or OF. boton, F. bouton, bud, button, OF. boter to bud, push; all akin to E. beat. See Button.] 1. (Bot.) A small protuberance on the stem or branches of a plant, containing the rudiments of future leaves, flowers, or stems; an undeveloped branchÿor flower.
2. (Biol.) A small protuberance on certain low forms of animals and vegetables which develops into a new organism, either free or attached. See Hydra.
Bud moth (Zo”l.), a lepidopterous insect of several species, which destroys the buds of fruit trees; esp. Tmetocera ocellanaÿand Eccopsis malana on the apple tree.
Bud, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Budded; p.pr. & vb.n. Budding.] 1. To put forth or produce buds, as a plant; to grow, as a bud does, into a flower or shoot.
2. To begin to grow, or to issue from a stock in the manner of a bud, as a horn.
3. To be like a bud in respect to youth and freshness,ÿor growth and promise; as, a budding virgin.
Shak.
Syn. - To sprout; germinate; blossom.
Bud, v.t. To graft, as a plant with another or into another, by inserting a bud from the one into an opening in the bark of the other, in order to raise, upon the budded stock, fruit different from that which it would naturally bear.
The apricot and the nectarine may be, and usually are, budded upon the peach; the plum and the peach are budded on each other.
Farm. Dict.
Bud¶dha (?), n. [Skr. buddha wise, sage, fr. budhÿto know.] The title of an incarnation of selfÐabnegation, virtue, and wisdom, or a deified religious teacher of the Buddhists, esp. Gautama Siddartha or Sakya Sinha (or Muni), the founder of Buddhism.
Bud¶dhism (?), n. The religion based upon the doctrine originally taught by the Hindoo sage Gautama Siddartha, surnamed Buddha, ½the awakened or enlightened,¸ in the sixth century b.c., and adopted as a religion by the greater part of the inhabitants of Central and Eastern Asia and the Indian Islands. Buddha's teaching is believed to have been atheistic; yet it was characterized by elevated humanity and morality. It presents release from existence (a beatific enfranchisement, Nirvƒna) as the greatest good. Buddhists believe in transmigration of souls through all phases and forms of life. Their number was estimated in 1881 at 470,000,000.
Bud¶dhist (?), n. One who accepts the teachings of Buddhism.
Bud¶dhist, a. Of or pertaining to Buddha, Buddhism, or the Buddhists.
BudÏdhis¶tic (?), a. Same as Buddhist, a.
Bud¶ding (?), n. 1. The act or process of producing buds.
2. (Biol.) A processÿof asexual reproduction, in which a new organism or cell is formed by a protrusion of a portion of the animal or vegetable organism, the bud thus formed sometimes remaining attached to the parent stalk or cell, at other times becoming free; gemmation. See Hydroidea.
3. The act or processÿof ingrafting one kind of plant upon another stock by inserting a bud under the bark.
Bud¶dle (?), n. [Prov. E., to cleanse ore, also a vessel for this purpose; cf. G. buttelnÿto shake.] (Mining) An apparatus, especially an inclined trough or vat, in which stamped ore is concentrated by subjecting it to the action of rynning water so as to wash out the lighter and less valuable portions.
Bud¶dle, v.i. (Mining) To wash ore in a buddle.
Bude¶ burn·er (?). [See Bude light.] A burner consisting of two or more concentric Argand burnes (the inner rising aboveÿthe outer) and a central tube by which oxygen gas or common air is supplied.
Bude¶ light· (?). [From Bude, in Cornwall, the residence of Sir G.Gurney, the inventor.] A light in which high illuminating power is obtained by introducing a jet of oxygen gas or of common air into the center of a flame fed with coal gas or with oil.
Budge (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Budged (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Budging.] [F. bouger to stir, move (akin to Pr. bojar, bolegar, to stir, move, It. bulicare to boil, bubble), fr. L. bullire. See Boil, v.i.] To move off; to stir; to walk away.
I'll not budge an inch, boy.
Shak.
The mouse ne'er shunned the cat as they did budge
From rascals worse than they.
Shak.
Budge, a. [See Budge, v.] Brisk; stirring; jocund. [Obs.]
South.
Budge, n. [OE. bouge bag, OF. boge, bouge, fr. L. bulga a leathern bag or knapsack; a Gallic word; cf. OIr. bolc, Gael. bolg. Cf. Budge, n.] A kind of fur prepared from lambskin dressed with the wool on; Ð used formerly as an edging and ornament, esp. of scholastic habits.
Budge, a. 1. Lined with budge; hence, scholastic. ½Budge gowns.¸
Milton.
2. Austere or stiff, like scholastics.
Those budge doctors of the stoic fur.
Milton.
Budge bachelor, one of a company of men clothed in long gowns lined with budge, who formerly accompanied the lord mayor of London in his inaugural procession. Ð Budge barrel (Mil.), a small copperÐhooped barrel with only one head, the other end being closed by a piece of leather, which is drawn togetherÿwith strings like a purse. It is used for carrying powder from the magazine to the battery, in siege or seacoast service.
Budge¶ness (?), n. Sternness; severity. [Obs.]
A Sara for goodness, a great Bellona for budgeness.
Stanyhurst.
Budg¶er (?), n. One who budges.
Shak.
Øbudg¶eÏrow (?), n. [Hindi bajr¾.] A large and commodious, but generally cumbrous and sluggish boat, used for journeys on the Ganges.
Budg¶et (?), n. [OE. bogett, bouget, F. bougette bag, wallet, dim. of OF. boge, bouge, leather bag. See Budge, n., and cf. Bouget.] 1. A bag or sack with its contents; hence, a stock or store; an accumulation; as, a budget of inventions.
2. The annual financial statement which the British chancellor of the exchequer makes in the House of Commons. It comprehends a general view of the finances of the country, with the proposed plan of taxation for the ensuing year. The term is sometimes applied to a similar statement in other countries.
To open the budget, to lay before a legislative body the financial estimates and plans of the executive government.
Budg¶y, a. [From Budge, n.] Consisting of fur. [Obs.]
Bud¶let (?), n. [Bud + Ïlet.] A little bud springing from a parent bud.
We have a criterion to distinguish one bud from another,ÿor the parent bud from the numerous budlets which are its offspring.
E.Darwin.
Buff (?), n. [OE. buff, buffe, buff, buffalo, F. buffleÿbuffalo. See Buffalo.] 1. A sort of leather, prepared from the skin of the buffalo, dressed with oil, like chamois; also, the skins of oxen, elks, and other animals, dressed in like manner. ½A suit of buff.¸
Shak.
2. The color to buff; a light yellow, shading toward pink, gray, or brown.
A visage rough,
Deformed, unfeatured, and a skin of buff.
Dryden.
3. A military coat, made of buff leather.
Shak.
4. (Med.)ÿThe grayish viscid substance constituting the buffy coat. See Buffy coat, under Buffy, a.
5. (Mech.) A wheel covered with buff leather, and used in polishing cutlery, spoons, etc.
6. The bare skin; as, to strip to the buff. [Colloq.]
To be in buff is equivalent to being naked.
Wright.
Buff, a. 1. Made of buff leather.
Goldsmith.
2. Of the color of buff.
Buff coat, a close, military outer garment, with short sleeves, and laced tightly over the chest, made of buffalo skin, or other thick and elastic material, worn by soldiers in the 17th century as a defensive covering. Ð Buff jerkin, originally, a leather waistcoat; afterward, one of cloth of a buff color. [Obs.] Nares. Ð Buff stick (Mech.), a strip of wood covered with buff leather, used in polishing.
Buff, v.t. To polish with a buff. See Buff, n., 5.
Buff, v.t. [OF. bufer to cuff, buffet. See Buffet a blow.] To strike. [Obs.]
B.Jonson.
Buff, n. [See Buffet.] A buffet; a blow; Ð obsolete except in the phrase ½Blindman's buff.¸
Nathless so sore a buff to him it lent
That made him reel.
Spenser.
Buff, a. [Of uncertain etymol.] Firm; sturdy.
And for the good old cause stood buff,
'Gainst many a bitter kick and cuff.
Hudibras.
ØBuf¶fa (?), n.fem. (Mus.) [It. See Buffoon.] The comic actress in an opera. Ð a. Comic, farcical.
Aria buffa, a droll or comic air. Ð Opera buffa, a comic opera. See Opera bouffe.
Buf¶faÏlo (?), n.; pl. Buffaloes (?). [Sp. bufalo (cf. It. bufalo, F. buffle), fr. L. bubalus, bufalus, a kind of African stag or gazelle; also, the buffalo or wild ox, fr. Gr. ? buffalo, prob. fr. ? ox. See Cow the animal, and cf. Buff the color, and Bubale.] 1. (Zo”l.) A species of the genus Bos or Bubalus (B. bubalus), originallyÿfrom India, but now found in most of the warmer countries of the eastern continent. It is larger and less docile than the common ox, and is fond of marshy places and rivers.
2. (Zo”l.) A very large and savage species of the same genus (B. Caffer) found in South Africa; Ð called also Cape buffalo.
3. (Zo”l.) Any speciesÿof wild ox.
4. (Zo”l.) The bison of North America.
5. A buffalo robe. See Buffalo robe, below.
6. (Zo”l.) The buffalo fish. See Buffalo fish, below.
Buffalo berryÿ(Bot.), a shrub of the Upper Missouri (Sherherdia argentea) with acid edible red berries. Ð Buffalo bird (Zo”l.), an African bird of the genus Buphaga, of two species. These birds perch upon buffaloes and cattle, in search of parasites. Ð Buffalo bug, the carpet beetle. See under Carpet. Ð Buffalo chips, dry dung of the buffalo, or bison, used for fuel. [U.S.] Ð Buffalo cloverÿ(Bot.), a kind of clover (Trifolium reflexum and T.soloniferum) found in the ancient grazing grounds of the American bison. Ð Buffalo cod (Zo”l.), a large, edible, marine fish (Ophiodon elongatus) of the northern Pacific coast; Ð called also blue cod, and cultus cod. Ð Buffalo fish (Zo”l.), one of several large freshÐwater fishes of the family Catostomid‘, of the Mississippi valley. The redÐmouthed or brown (Ictiobus bubalus), the bigÐmouthed or black (Bubalichthys urus), and the smallÐmouthed (B. altus), are among the more important species used as food. Ð Buffalo fly, or Buffalo gnat (Zo”l.), a small dipterous insect of the genus Simulium, allied to the black fly of the North. It is often extremely abundant in the lower part of the Mississippi valley and does great injury to domestic animals, often killing large numbers of cattle and horses. In Europe the Columbatz fly is a species with similar habits. Ð Buffalo grassÿ(Bot.), a species of short, sweet grass (Buchlo‰ dactyloides), from two to four inches high, covering the prairies on which the buffaloes, or bisons, feed. [U.S.] Ð Buffalo nut (Bot.), the oily and drupelike fruit of an American shrub (Pyrularia oleifera); also, the shrub itself; oilnut. Ð Buffalo robe, the skin of the bison of North America, prepared with the hair on; Ð much used as a lap robe in sleighs.

<— p. 189 —>

Buf¶fel duck (?). [See Buffalo.] (Zo”l.) A small duck (Charitonetta albeola); the spirit duck, or butterball. The head of the male is covered with numerous elongated feathers, and thus appears large. Called also bufflehead.
Buff¶er (?), n. [Prop a striker. See Buffet a blow.] 1. (Mech.) (a) An elastic apparatus or fender, for deadening the jar caused by the collision of bodies; as, a buffer at the end of a railroad car. (b) A pad or cushion forming the end of a fender, which recieves the blow; Ð sometimes called buffing apparatus.
2. One who polishes with a buff.
3. A wheel for buffing; a buff.
4. A goodÐhumored, slowÐwitted fellow; Ð usually said of an elderly man. [Colloq.]
Dickens.
Buff¶erÏhead· (?), n. The head of a buffer, which recieves the concussion, in railroad carriages.
BufÏfet¶ (?), n. [F. buffet, LL. bufetum; of uncertain origin; perh. fr. the same source as E. buffet a blow, the root meaningÿto puff, hence (cf. puffed up) the idea of ostentation or display.] 1. A cupboard or set of shelves, either movable or fixed at one side of a room, for the display of plate, china, etc., a sideboard.
Not when a gilt buffet's reflected pride
Turns you from sound philosophy aside.
Pope.
2. A counter for refreshments; a restaurant at a railroad station, or place of public gathering.
Buf¶fet (?), n. [OE. buffet, boffet, OF. buffet a slap in the face, a pair of bellows, fr. buffe blow, cf. F. bouffer to blow, puff; prob. akin to E. puff. For the meaning slap, blow, cf. F. soufflet a slap, souffler to blow. See Puff, v.i., and cf. Buffet sidebroad, Buffoon] 1. A blow with the hand; a slap on the face; a cuff.
When on his cheek a buffet fell.
Sir W.Scott.
2. A blow from any source, or that which affects like a blow, as the violence of winds or waves; a stroke; an adverse action; an affliction; a trial; adversity.
Those planks of tough and hardy oak that used for yeas to brave the buffets of the Bay of Biscay.
Burke.
Fortune's buffets and rewards.
Shak.
3. A small stool; a stool for a buffet or counter.
Go fetch us a light buffet.
Townely Myst.
Buf¶fet, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Buffeted; p.pr. & vb.n. Buffeting.] [OE. buffeten, OF. buffeter. See the preceding noun.] 1. To strike with the hand or fist; to box; to beat; to cuff; to slap.
They spit in his face and buffeted him.
Matt.xxvi.67.
2. To affect as with blows; to strike repeatedly; to strive with or contend against; as, to buffet the billows.
The sudden hurricane in thunder roars,
Buffets the bark, and whirls it from the shores.
Broome.
You are lucky fellows who can live in a dreamland of your own, instead of being buffeted about the world.
W.Black.
3. [Cf. Buffer.] To deaden the sound of (bells) by muffling the clapper.
Buf¶fet, v.i. 1. To exercise or play at boxing; to strike; to smite; to strive; to contend.
If I might buffet for my love, or bound my horse for her favors, I could lay on like a butcher.
Shak.
2. To make one's way by blows or struggling.
Strove to buffet to land in vain.
Tennyson.
Buf¶fetÏer (?), n. One who buffets; a boxer.
Jonson.
Buf¶fetÏing, n. 1. A striking with the hand.
2. A succession of blows; continued violence, as of winds or waves; afflictions; adversity.
He seems to have been a plant of slow growth, but … fitted to endure the buffeting on the rudest storm.
Wirt.
Buf¶fin (?), n. [So called from resembling buff ?eather.] A sort of coarse stuff; as, buffin gowns. [Obs.]
Buff¶ing ap·paÏra¶tus (?). See Buffer, 1.
Buf¶fle (?), n. [OE., from F. buffle. See Buffalo.] The buffalo. [Obs.]
Sir T.Herbert.
Buf¶fle, v.i. To puzzle; to be at a loss. [Obs.]
Swift.
Buf¶fleÏhead· (?), n. [Buffle + head.] 1. One who has a large head; a heavy, stupid fellow. [Obs.]
What makes you stare so, bufflehead?
Plautus (trans. 1694).
2. (Zo”l.) The buffel duck. See Buffel duck.
Buf¶fleÐhead·ed, a. Having a large head, like a buffalo; dull; stupid; blundering. [Obs.]
So fell this buffleÐheaded giant.
Gayton.
ØBuf¶fo (?), n.masc. [It. See Buffoon.] (Mus.) The comic actor in an opera.
BufÏfoon¶ (?), n. [F. bouffon (cf. It. buffone, buffo, buffa, puff of wind, vanity, nonsense, trick), fr. bouffer to puff out, because the buffoons puffed out their cheeks for the amusement of the spectators. See Buffet a blow.] A man who makes a practice of amusing others by low tricks, antic gestures, etc.; a droll; a mimic; a harlequin; a clown; a merryÐandrew.
BufÏfoon¶ (?), a. Characteristic of, or like, a buffoon. ½Buffoon stories.¸
Macaulay.
To divert the audience with buffoon postures and antic dances.
Melmoth.
BufÏfoon¶, v.i. To act the part of a buffoon. [R.]
BufÏfoon¶, v.t. To treat with buffoonery.
Glanwill.
BufÏfoon¶erÏy (?), n.; pl. Buffooneries (?). [F. bouffonnerie.] The arts and practices of a buffoon, as low jests, ridiculous pranks, vulgar tricks and postures.
Nor that it will ever constitute a wit to conclude a tart piece of buffoonery with a ½What makes you blush?¸
Spectator.
BufÏfoon¶ish, a. Like a buffoon; consisting in low?jests or gestures.
Blair.
BufÏfoon¶ism (?), n. The practices of a buffoon; buffoonery.
BufÏfoon¶ly, a. Low; vulgar. [R.]
Apish tricks and buffoonly discourse.
Goodman.
Buff¶y (?), a. (Med.)ÿResembling, or characterized by, buff.
Buffy coat, the coagulated plasma of blood when the red corpuscles have so settled out that the coagulum appears nearky colorless. This is common in diseased conditions where the corpuscles run together more rapidly and in denser masses than usual.
Huxley.
ØBu¶fo (?), n. [L. bufo a toad.] (Zo”l.) A genus of Amphibia including various species of toads.
Bu¶fonÏite (?), n. [L. bufo toad: cf. F. bufonite.] (Paleon.) An old name for a fossil consisting of the petrified teeth and palatal bones of fishes belonging to the family of Pycnodonts (thick teeth), whose remains occur in the o”lite and chalk formations; toadstone; Ð so named from a notion that it was originally formed in the head of a toad.
Bug (?), n. [OE. bugge, fr. W. bwg, bwgan, hobgoblin, scarecrow, bugbear. Cf. Bogey, Boggle.] 1. A bugbear; anything which terrifies. [Obs.]
Sir, spare your threats:
The bug which you would fright me with I seek.
Shak.
2. (Zo”l.) A general name applied to various insects belonging to the Hemiptera; as, the squash bug; the chinch bug, etc.
3. (Zo”l.) An insect of the genus Cimex, especially the bedbug (C. lectularius). See Bedbug.
4. (Zo”l.) One of various species of Coleoptera; as, the ladybug; potato bug, etc.; loosely, any beetle.
5. (Zo”l.) One of certain kinds of Crustacea; as, the sow bug; pill bug; bait bug; salve bug, etc.
µ According to present popular usage in England, and among housekeepers in America, bug, when not joined with some qualifying word, is used specifically for bedbug. As a general term it is used very loosely in America, and was formerly used still more loosely in England. ½God's rare workmanshipÿin the ant, the poorest bug that creeps.¸ Rogers (Naaman). ½This bug with gilded wings.¸ Pope.
Bait bug. See under Bait. Ð Bug word, swaggering or threatening language. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Bug·aÏboo¶ (?), Bug¶bear· (?), n. [See Bug.] Something frightful, as a specter; anything imaginary that causes needless fright; something used to excite needless fear; also, something really dangerous, used to frighten children, etc. ½Bugaboos to fright ye.¸
Lloyd.
But, to the world no bugbear is so great
As want of figure and a small estate.
Pope.
The bugaboo of the liberals is the church pray.
S.B.Griffin.
The great bugaboo of the birds is the owl.
J.Burroughs.
Syn. - Hobgoblin; goblin; specter; ogre; scarecrow.
Bug¶bane· (?), n. (Bot.) A perennial whiteÐflowered herb of the order Ranunculace‘ and genus Cimiciguga; bugwort. There are several species.
Bug¶bear· (?), n. Same as Bugaboo. Ð a. Causing needless fright.
Locke.
Bug¶bear·, v.t. To alarm with idle phantoms.
Bug¶fish· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The menhaden. [U.S.]
Bug¶ger (?), n. [F. bougre, fr. LL. Bulgarus, a Bulgarian, and also a heretic; because the inhabitants of Bulgaria were infected with heresy. Those guilty of the crime of buggery were called heretics, because in the eyes of their adversaries there was nothing more heinous than heresy, and it was therefore thought that the origin of such a vice could only be owing to heretics.] 1. One guilty of buggery or unnatural vice; a sodomite.
2. A wretch; Ð sometimes used humorously or in playful disparagement. [Low]
Bug¶gerÏy (?), n. [OF. bougrerie, bogrerie, heresy. See Bugger.] Unnatural sexual intercourse; sodomy.
Bug¶giÏness (?), n. [From Buggy, a.] The state of being infested with bugs.
Bug¶gy (?), a. [From Bug.] Infested or abounding with bugs.
Bug¶gy, n.; pl. Buggies. 1. A light one horse twoÐwheeled vehicle. [Eng.]
Villebeck prevailed upon Flora to drive with him to the race in a buggy.
Beaconsfield.
2. A light, fourÐwheeled vehicle, usually with one seat, and with or without a calash top. [U.S.]
Buggy cultivator, a cultivator with a seat for the driver. Ð Buggy plow, a plow, or set of plows, having a seat for the driver; Ð called also sulky plow.
Bu¶gle (?), n. [OE. bugle buffalo, buffalo's horn, OF. bugle, fr. L. buculus a young bullock, steer, dim. of bos ox. See Cow the animal.] A sort of wild ox; a buffalo.
E.Phillips.
Bu¶gle, n. [See Bugle a wild ox.] 1. A horn used by hunters.
2. (Mus.) A copper instrument of the horn quality of tone, shorter and more conical that the trumpet, sometimes keyed; formerly much used in military bands, very rarely in the orchestra; now superseded by the cornet; Ð called also the Kent bugle.
Bu¶gle, n. [LL. bugulus a woman's ornament: cf. G. bgel a bent piece of metal or wood, fr. the same root as G. biegenÿto bend, E. bow to bend.] An elingated glass bead, of various colors, though commonly black.
Bu¶gle, a. [From Bugle a bead.] Jet black. ½Bugle eyeballs.¸
Shak.
Bu¶gle, n. [F. bugle; cf. It. bugola, L. bugillo.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Ajuga of the Mint family, a native of the Old World.
Yellow bugle, the Ajuga cham‘pitys.
Bu¶gled (?), a. Ornamented with bugles.
Bu¶gle horn· (?). 1. A bugle.
One blast upon his bugle horn
Were worth a thousand men.
Sir W.Scott.
2. A drinking vessel made of horn. [Obs.]
And drinketh of his bugle horn the wine.
Chaucer.
Bu¶gler (?), n. One who plays on a bugle.
Bu¶gleÏweed· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the Mint family and genus Lycopus; esp. L. Virginicus, which has mild narcotic and astringent properties, and is sometimes used as a remedy for hemorrhage.
Bu¶gloss (?), n.; pl. Buglosses (?). [F. buglosse, L. buglossa, buglossus, fr. Gr. ? oxtongue ? ox + ? tongue.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Anchusa, and especially the A. officinalis, sometimes called alkanet; oxtongue.
Small wild bugloss, the Asperugo procumbensÿand the Lycopsis arvensis. Ð Viper's bugloss, a species of Echium.
Bug¶wort· (?), n. (Bot.) Bugbane.
Buhl (?), Buhl¶work (?), n. [From A.Ch.Boule, a French carver in wood.] Decorative woodwork in which tortoise shell, yellow metal, white metal, etc., are inlaid, forming scrolls, cartouches, etc. [Written also boule, boulework.]
Buhl¶buhl (?), n. (Zo”l.) See Bulbul.
Buhr¶stone· (?), n. [OE. bur a whetstone for scythes.] (Min.) A cellular, flinty rock, used for mill stones. [Written also burrstone.]
Build (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Built (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Building. The regular imp. & p.p. Builded is antiquated.] [OE. bulden, bilden, AS. byldanÿto build, fr. bold house; cf. Icel. bÓl farm, abode, Dan. bol small farm, OSw. bol, b”le, house, dwelling, fr. root of Icel. b?a to dwell; akin to E. be, bower, boor. û97.] 1. To erect or construct, as an edifice or fabric of any kind; to form by uniting materials into a regular structure; to fabricate; to make; to raise.
Nor aught availed him now
To have built in heaven high towers.
Milton.
2. To raise or place on a foundation; to form, establish, or produce by using appropriate means.
Who builds his hopes in air of your good looks.
Shak.
3. To increase and strengthen; to increase the power and stability of; to settle, or establish, and preserve; Ð frequently with up; as, to build up one's constitution.
I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up.
Acts xx.32.
Syn. - To erect; construct; raise; found; frame.
Build (?), v.i. 1. To exercise the art, or practice the business, of building.
2. To rest or depend, as on a foundation; to ground one's self or one's hopes or opinions upon something deemed reliable; to rely; as, to build on the opinions or advice of others.
Build, n. Form or mode of construction; general figure; make; as, the build of a ship.
Build¶er (?), n. One who builds; one whose occupation is to build, as a carpenter, a shipwright, or a mason.
In the practice of civil architecture, the builder comes between the architect who designs the work and the artisans who execute it.
Eng. Cyc.
Build¶ing, n. 1. The act of constructing, erecting, or establishing.
Hence it is that the building of our Sion rises no faster.
Bp. Hall.
2. The art of constructing edifices, or the practice of civil architecture.
The execution of works of architecture necessarily includes building; but building is frequently employed when the result is not architectural.
Hosking.
3. That which is built; a fabric or edifice constructed, as a house, a church, etc.
Thy sumptuous buildings and thy wife's attire
Have cost a mass of public treasury.
Shak.
Built (?), n. Shape; build; form of structure; as, the built of a ship. [Obs.]
Dryden.
Built, a. Formed; shaped; constructed; made; Ð often used in composition and preceded by the word denotingÿthe form; as, frigateÐbuilt, clipperÐbuilt, etc.
Like the generality of Genoese countrywomen, strongly built.
Landor.
Buke¶ mus¶lin (?). See Book muslin.
ØBuk¶shish (?), n. See Backsheesh.
ØBu¶lau (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) An East Indian insectivorous mammal (Gymnura Rafflesii), somewhat like a rat in appearance, but allied to the hedgehog.

<— p. 190 —>

Bulb (?), n. [L. bulbus, Gr. ?: cf. F. bulbe.] 1. (Bot.) A spheroidal body growing from a plant either above or below the ground (usually below), which is strictly a bud, consisting of a cluster of partially developed leaves, and producing, as it grows, a stem above, and roots below, as in the onion, tulip, etc. It differs from a corm in not being solid.
2. (Anat.) A name given to some parts that resemble in shape certain bulbous roots; as, the bulb of the aorta.
Bulb of the eye, the eyeball. Ð Bulb of a hair, the ½root,¸ or part whence the hair originates. Ð Bulb of the spinal cord, the medulla oblongata, often called simply bulb. Ð Bulb of a tooth, the vascular and nervous papilla contained in the cavity of the tooth.
3. An expansion or protuberance on a stem or tube, as the bulb of a thermometer, which may be of any form, as spherical, cylindrical, curved, etc.
Tomlinson.
Bulb, v.i. To take the shape of a bulb; to swell.
BulÏba¶ceous (?), a. [L. bulbaceus. See Bulb, n.] Bulbous.
Jonson.
Bulb¶ar (?), a. Of or pertaining to bulb; especially, in medicine, pertaining to the bulb of the spinal cord, or medulla oblongata; as, bulbar paralysis.
Bulbed (?), a. Having a bulb; roundÐheaded.
Bulb¶el (?), n. [Dim., fr. bulb, n.] (Bot.) A separable bulb formed on some flowering plants.
BulÏbif¶erÏous (?), a. [Bulb, n. + Ïferous: cf. F. bulbifŠre.] (Bot.) Producing bulbs.
Bulb¶let (?), n. [Bulb, n. + Ïlet.] (Bot.) A small bulb, either produced on a larger bulb, or on some a‰rial part of a plant, as in the axils of leaves in the tiger lily, or replacing the flowers in some kinds of onion.
BulÏbose¶ (?), a. Bulbous.
Bul¶boÐtu·ber (?), n. [Bulb, n. + tuber.] (Bot.) A corm.
Bulb¶ous (?), a. [L. bulbosus: cf. F. bulbeux. See Bulb, n.] Having or containing bulbs, or a bulb; growing from bulbs; bulblike in shape or structure.
ØBul¶bul (?), n. [Per.] (Zo”l.) The Persian nightingale (Pycnonotus jocosus). The name is also applied to several other Asiatic singing birds, of the family Timaliid‘. The green bulbuls belong to the Chloropsis and allied genera. [Written also buhlbuhl.]
Bul¶bule (?), n. [L. bulbulus, dim. of bulbus. See Bulb, n.] A small bulb; a bulblet.
Bul¶chin (?), n. [Dim. of bull.] A little bull.
Bulge (?), n. [OE. bulge a swelling; cf. AS. belganÿto swell, OSw. bulgja, Icel. bÓlginn swollen, OHG. belganÿto swell, G. bulge leathern sack, Skr. b?hÿto be large, strong;ÿthe root meaning to swell. Cf. Bilge, Belly, Billow, Bouge, n.] 1. The bilge or protuberant part of a cask.
2. A swelling, protuberant part; a bending outward, esp. when caused by pressure; as, a bulge in a wall.
3. (Naut.) The bilge of a vessel. See Bilge, 2.
Bulge ways. (Naut.) See Bilge ways.
Bulge, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bulged (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bulging.] 1. Toÿswell or jut out; to bend outward, as a wall when it yields to pressure; to be protuberant; as, the wall bulges.
2. To bilge, as a ship; to founder.
And scattered navies bulge on distant shores.
Broome.
Bul¶gy (?), a. Bulged; bulging; bending, or tending to bend, outward. [Colloq.]
ØBuÏlim¶iÏa (?), Bu¶liÏmy (?), } n. [NL. bulimia, fr. Gr. ?, lit., oxÐhunger; ? ox + ? hunger: cf. F. boulimie.] (Med.) A disease in which there is a perpetual and insatiable appetite for food; a diseased and voracious appetite.
ØBuÏli¶mus (?), n. [L. bulimusÿhunger. See Bulimy.] (Zo”l.) A genus of land snails having an elongated spiral shell, often of large size. The species are numerous ingabundant in tropical America.
Bulk (?), n. [OE. bulke, bolke, heap; cf. Dan. bulk lump, clod, OSw. bolk crowd, mass, Icel. b?lkast to be bulky. Cf. Boll, n., Bile a boil, Bulge, n.] 1. Magnitude of material substance; dimensions; mass; size; as, an ox or ship of great bulk.
Against these forces there were prepared near one hundred ships; not so great of bulk indeed, but of a more nimble motion, and more serviceable.
Bacon.
2. The main mass or body; the largest or principal portion; the majority; as, the bulk of a debt.
The bulk of the people must labor, Burke told them, ½to obtain what by labor can be obtained.¸
J.Morley.
3. (Naut.) The cargo of a vessel when stowed.
4. The body. [Obs.]
Shak.
My liver leaped within my bulk.
Turbervile.
Barrel bulk. See under Barrel. Ð To break bulk (Naut.), to begin to unload or more the cargo. Ð In bulk, in a mass; loose; not inclosed in separate packages or divided into separate parts; in such shape that any desired quantity may be taken or sold. Ð Laden in bulk, Stowed in bulk, having the cargo loose in the hold or not inclosed in boxes, bales, or casks. Ð Sale by bulk, a sale of goods as they are, without weight or measure.
Syn. - Size; magnitude; dimension; volume; bigness; largeness; massiveness.
Bulk (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bulked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bulking.] To appear or seem to be, as to bulk or extent; to swell.
The fame of Warburton possibly bulked larger for the moment.
Leslie Stephen.
Bulk, n. [Icel. b¾lkr a beam, partition. Cf. Balk, n. & v.] A projecting part of a building. [Obs.]
Here, stand behind this bulk.
Shak.
Bulk¶er (?), n. (Naut.) A person employed to ascertain the bulk or size of goods, in order to fix the amount of freight or dues payable on them.
Bulk¶head· (?), n. [See Bulk part of a building.] 1. (Naut.) A partition in a vessel, to separate apartments on the same deck.
2. A structure of wood or stone, to resist the pressure of earth or water; a partition wall or structure, as in a mine; the limiting wall along a water front.
Bulked line, a line beyond which a wharf must not project; Ð usually, the harbor line.
Bulk¶iÏness (?), n. Greatness in bulk; size.
Bulk¶y (?), a. Of great bulk or dimensions; of great size; large; thick; massive; as, bulky volumes.
A bulky digest of the revenue laws.
Hawthorne.
Bull (?), n. [OE. bule, bul, bole; akin to D. bul, G. bulle, Icel. boli, Lith. bullus, Lett. bollis, Russ. vol'; prob. fr. the root of AS. bellan, E. bellow.] 1. (Zo”l.) The male of any species of cattle (Bovid‘); hence,ÿthe male of any large quadruped, as the elephant; also, the male of the whale.
µ The wild bullÿof the Old Testament is thought to be the oryx, a large speciesÿof antelope.
2. One who, or that which, resembles a bull in character or action.
Ps.xxii.12.
3. (Astron.) (a) Taurus, the second of the twelve signs of the zodiac. (b) A constellation of the zodiac between Aries and Gemini. It contains the Pleiades.
At last from Aries rolls the bounteous sun,
And the bright Bull receives him.
Thomson.
4. (Stock Exchange) One who operates in expectation of a rise in the price of stocks, or in order to effect such a rise. See 4th Bear, n., 5.
Bull baiting, the practice of baiting bulls, or rendering them furious, as by setting dogs to attack them. Ð John Bull, a humorous name for the English, collectively; also, an Englishman. ½GoodÐlooking young John Bull.¸ W.D.Howells. Ð To take the bullÿby the horns, to grapple with a difficulty instead of avoiding it.
Bull, a. Of or pertaining to a bull; resembling a bull; male; large; fierce.
Bull batÿ(Zo”l.), the night hawk; Ð so called from the loud noise it makes while feeding on the wing, in the evening. Ð Bull calf. (a) A stupid fellow. Ð Bull mackerel (Zo”l.), the chub mackerel. Ð Bull pump (Mining), a direct singleÐacting pumping engine, in which the steam cylinder is placedÿaboveÿthe pump. Ð Bull snakeÿ(Zo”l.), the pine snake of the United States. Ð Bull stag, a castrated bull. See Stag. Ð Bull wheel, a wheel, or drum, on which a rope is woundÿfor lifting heavy articles, as logs, the tools in well boring, etc.
Bull, v.i. To be in heat; to manifest sexual desire as cows do. [Colloq.]
Bull, v.t. (Stock Exchange) To endeavor to raise the market price of; as, to bull railroad bonds; to bull stocks; to bull Lake Shore; to endeavor to raise prices in; as, to bull the market. See 1st Bull, n., 4.
Bull, n. [OE. bulle, fr. L. bulla bubble, stud, knob, LL., a seal or stamp: cf. F. bulle. Cf. Bull a writing, Bowl a ball, Boil, v.i.] 1. A seal. See Bulla.
2. A letter, edict, or respect, of the pope, written in Gothic characters on rough parchment, sealed with a bulla, and dated ½a die Incarnationis,¸ i.e., ½from the day of the Incarnation.¸ See Apostolical brief, under Brief.
A fresh bull of Leo's had declared how inflexible the court of Rome was in the point of abuses.
Atterbury.
3. A grotesque blunder in language; an apparent congruity, but real incongruity, of ideas, contained in a form of expression; so called, perhaps, from the apparent incongruity between the dictatorial nature of the pope's bulls and his professions of humility.
And whereas the papist boasts himself to be a Roman Catholic, it is a mere contradiction, one of the pope's bulls, as if he should say universal particular; a Catholic schimatic.
Milton.
The Golden Bull, an edict or imperial constitution made by the emperor Charles IV. (1356), containing what became the fundamental law of the German empire; Ð so called from its golden seal.
Syn. - See Blunder.
ØBul¶la (?), n.; pl. Bull‘ (?). [L. bulla bubble. See Bull an edict.] 1. (Med.) A bleb; a vesicle, or an elevation of the cuticle, containing a transparent watery fluid.
2. (Anat.) The ovoid prominence below the opening of the ear in the skulls of many animals; as, the tympanic or auditory bulla.
3. A leaden seal for a document; esp. the round leaden seal attached to the papal bulls, which has on one side a representation of St. Peter and St. Paul, and on the other the name of the pope who uses it.
4. (Zo”l.) A genus of marine shells. See Bubble shell.
Bul¶lace (?), n. [OE. bolas, bolace, OF. beloce; of Celtic origin; cf. Arm. bolos, polos, Gael. bulaistear.] (Bot.) (a) A small European plum (Prunus communis, var. insitita). See Plum. (b) The bully tree.
BulÏlan¶tic (?), a. [See Bull an edict.] Pertaining to, or used in, papal bulls.
Fry.
Bullantic letters, Gothic letters used in papal bulls.
Bul¶laÏry (?), n. [LL. bullarium: cf. F. bullairie. See Bull an edict.] A collection of papal bulls.
Bul¶laÏry, n.; pl. Bullaries (?). [Cf. Boilary.] A place for boiling or preparating salt; a boilery.
Crabb.
And certain salt fats or bullaries.
Bills in Chancery.
Bul¶late (?), a. [L. bullatus, fr. bulla bubble.] (Biol.) Appearing as if blistered; inflated; puckered.
Bullate leafÿ(Bot.), a leaf, the membranous part of which rises between the veins puckered elevations convex on one side and concave on the other.
Bull¶beg·gar (?), n. Something used or suggested to produce terror, as in children or persons of weak mind; a bugbear.
And being an illÐlooked fellow, he has a pension from the church wardens for being bullbeggar to all the forward children in the parish.
Mountfort (1691).
Bull¶ bri·er (?). (Bot.) A speciesÿof Smilax (S. PseudoÐChina) growing from New Jersey to the Gulf of Mexico, which has very large tuberous and farinaceous rootstocks, formerly used by the Indians for a sort of bread, and by the negroes as an ingredient in making beer; Ð called also bamboo brier and China brier.
Bull¶combÏer (?), n. (Zo”l.) A scaraboid beetle; esp. the Typh‘us vulgarisÿof Europe.
Bull¶dog· (?), n. 1. (Zo”l.) A variety of dog, of remarkable ferocity, courage, and tenacity of grip; Ð so named, probably, from being formerly employed in baiting bulls.
2. (Metal.) A refractory material used as a furnace lining, obtained by calcining the cinder or slag from the puddling furnace of a rolling mill.
Bull¶dog·, a. Characteristic of, or like, a bulldog; stubborn; as, bulldog courage; bulldog tenacity.
Bulldog batÿ(Zo”l.), a bat of the genus Nyctinomus; Ð so called from the shape of its face.
Bull¶doze· (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bulldozed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bulldozing.] To intimidate; to restrain or coerce by intimidation or violence; Ð used originally of the intimidation of negro voters, in Louisiana. [Slang, U.S.]
Bull¶do·zer (?), n. One who bulldozes. [Slang]
Bulled (?), a. [Cf. Boln.] Swollen. [Obs.]
ØBul¶lenÐbul¶len (?), n. [Native Australian name, from its cry.] (Zo”l.) The lyre bird.
Bul¶lenÐnail· (?), n. [Bull large, having a large head + nail.] A nail with a round head and short shank, tinned and lacquered.
Bul¶let (?), n. [F. boulet, dim. of boule ball. See Bull an edict, and cf. Boulet.] 1. A small ball.
2. A missile, usually of lead, and round or elongated in form, to be discharged from a rifle, musket, pistol, or other small firearm.
3. A cannon ball. [Obs.]
A ship before Greenwich … shot off her ordnance, one piece being charged with a bullet of stone.
Stow.
4. The fetlock of a horse. [See Illust. under Horse.]
Bul¶letÐproof· (?), a. Capable of resisting the force of a bullet.
Bullet tree. See Bully tree. Ð Bullet wood, the wood of the bullet tree.
Bul¶leÏtin (?), n. [F. bulletin, fr. It. bullettino, dim. of bulletta, dim. of bulla, bolla, an edict of the pope, from L. bulla bubble. See Bull an edict.] 1. A brief statement of facts respecting some passing event, as military operations or the health of some distinguished personage, issued by authority for the information of the public.
2. Any public notice or announcement, especiallyÿof news recently received.
3. A periodical publication, especially one containing the proceeding of a society.
Bulletin board, a board on which announcements are put, particularly at newsrooms, newspaper offices, etc.
Bull¶faced· (?), a. Having a large face.
Bull¶feast· (?), n. See Bullfight. [Obs.]
Bull¶fight· (?), Bull¶fight·ing, n. A barbarous sport, of great antiquity, in which men torment, and fight with, a bull or bulls in an arena, for public amusement, Ð still popular in Spain. Ð Bull¶fight·er (?), n.
Bull¶finch· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A bird of the genus Pyrrhula and other related genera, especially the P. vulgaris or rubicilla, a bird of Europe allied to the grosbeak, having the breast, cheeks, and neck, red.
µ As a cage bird it is highly valued for its remarkable power of learning to whistle correctly various musical airs.
CrimsonÐfronted bullfinch. (Zo”l.) See Burion. Ð Pine bullfinch, the pine finch.
Bull¶fist (?), Bull¶fice (?), n. [Cf. G. bofist, AS. wulfes fist puffball, E. fizz, foist.] (Bot.) A kind of fungus. See Puffball.
Bull¶ fly·or Bull¶fly· (?), n. (Zo”l.) Any large fly troublesome to cattle, as the gadflies and breeze flies.
Bull¶frog· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A very large species of frog (Rana Catesbiana), found in North America; Ð so named from its loud bellowing in spring.
Bull¶head· (?), n. 1. (Zo”l.) (a) A freshÐwater fish of many species, of the genus Uranidea, esp. U. gobioÿof Europe, and U. Richardsoni of the United States; Ð called also miller's thumb. (b) In America, several species of Amiurus; Ð called also catfish, horned pout, and bullpout. (c) A marine fish of the genus Cottus; the sculpin.
2. (Zo”l.) (a) The blackÐbellied plover (Squatarola helvetica); Ð called also beetlehead. (b) The golden plover.
3. A stupid fellow; a lubber. [Colloq.]
Jonson.
4. (Zo”l.) A small black water insect.
E.Phillips.
Bullhead whiting (Zo”l.), the kingfish of Florida (Menticirrus alburnus).

<— p. 191 —>