October 3

382. The Goths submitted to the Roman empire under Theodosius.

1003. Abdulmalik ibn Shoheyd executed; a poet and historian of Cordova, who for his military services was made governor of Toledo. He wrote a history of the Spanish Arabs in 100 vols.; was put to death by order of Hisham II.

1187. Jerusalem acquired by the arms of Saladin the Turk.

1405. Henry IV granted to sir John Stanley the isle of Man in the Irish sea.

1573. The Spaniards abandoned the famous siege of Leyden; during which Kanava obtained celebrity for her patriotism.

1594. Battle of Glenlivet, in which the forces of James V under the duke of Argyle were defeated by the Scotch.

1689. Quirinus Kuhlman, a German fanatic, burnt at Moscow for some seditious prophecies.

1690. Robert Barclay, an eminent Scottish writer, of the society of quakers, died. His Apology for the Quakers is esteemed the standard of their doctrines, and has been published in many of the European languages.

1691. The English and Irish war ended by the fall of Limerick.

1733. Charles St. Yves, a skillful French oculist, died; author of a valuable treatise on the diseases of the eye.

1751. James Logan died; a learned quaker, who accompanied Penn to America in 1699, and assisted in the government of the colony. His library contained 3,000 volumes, and was the largest in the colony; he understood several ancient and modern languages, and his writings were republished in Europe.

1768. Ferdinand Warner, an English divine, died; celebrated for his theological, biographical, historical and medical writings.

1793. The last two male natives of Pitcairn's island murdered by the three survivors of the British ship Bounty.

1794. The fortress of Juliers opened its gates to the victorious French, on the famous victory over the Austrians on the banks of the Roer, which delivered all the German provinces on the west side of the Rhine into the hands of the republicans.

1803. Victor Alfieri, an eminent Italian dramatic poet, died. Within less than seven years he produced fourteen dramas, besides various other works in prose and verse, including a translation of Sallust. His posthumous works were published in 13 vols., two of which are occupied by his auto-biography.

1811. First newspaper issued at Buffalo, N. Y.

1813. Battle of Wartenburg, a small town on the left bank of the Elbe, between the Prussian army of 24,000 under Blucher, and the French under Bertrand, of 20,000. The former made a memorable march from Bautzen to the Elbe. The river was wide and rapid, and the pontoons were thrown over under the fire of the French, who were defeated with much loss.

1815. Juan Diez Porlier, a celebrated Spanish partisan general, hanged at Corunna. He distinguished himself at the battle of Trafalgar, and rendered the king important services in the war with the French.

1826. Levin Augustus Benningsen, a German military officer of great abilities, died. He entered the Russian service, and was in several important campaigns against the French.

1838. Blackhawk (Muck-ker-ta-me-scheck-ker-kirk), a celebrated Indian chief and warrior, died at his camp on the river Des Moines.

1843. Lewis F. Linn, senator of the United States from Missouri, died at St. Genevieve.

1848. The emperor of Austria dissolved the Hungarian diet, proclaimed martial law for that province, and appointed the Ban Jellachich to the supreme government.

1852. A severe gale swept over the Atlantic ocean and English channel, causing a great destruction of property and loss of life.

1853. James Talmadge died in New York, aged 75. He was lieutenant-governor of New York in 1824, and devoted the last twenty years of his life to the American institute as its president.

1855. Robert Adair, a British ambassador to various courts of Europe, died at London, aged 92.