@2001 GDP (part 7)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
none (overseas territory of the
UK; also claimed by Argentina)

Faroe Islands
none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing
overseas administrative division of Denmark)

Fiji
10 October 1970 (from UK)

Finland
6 December 1917 (from Russia)

France
486 (unified by Clovis)

French Guiana
none (overseas department of France)

French Polynesia
none (overseas territory of France)

Gabon
17 August 1960 (from France)

Gambia, The
18 February 1965 (from UK)

Georgia
9 April 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Germany
18 January 1871 (German Empire unification); divided into
four zones of occupation (UK, US, USSR, and later, France) in 1945
following World War II; Federal Republic of Germany (FRG or West
Germany) proclaimed 23 May 1949 and included the former UK, US, and
French zones; German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany)
proclaimed 7 October 1949 and included the former USSR zone;
unification of West Germany and East Germany took place 3 October
1990; all four powers formally relinquished rights 15 March 1991

Ghana
6 March 1957 (from UK)

Gibraltar
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Greece
1829 (from the Ottoman Empire)

Greenland
none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; foreign affairs is
the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates
in international agreements relating to Greenland)

Grenada
7 February 1974 (from UK)

Guadeloupe
none (overseas department of France)

Guam
none (territory of the US)

Guatemala
15 September 1821 (from Spain)

Guernsey
none (British crown dependency)

Guinea
2 October 1958 (from France)

Guinea-Bissau
24 September 1973 (unilaterally declared by
Guinea-Bissau); 10 September 1974 (recognized by Portugal)

Guyana
26 May 1966 (from UK)

Haiti
1 January 1804 (from France)

Holy See (Vatican City)
11 February 1929 (from Italy); note - the
three treaties signed with Italy on 11 February 1929 acknowledged,
among other things, the full sovereignty of the Vatican and
established its territorial extent; however, the origin of the Papal
States, which over the years have varied considerably in extent, may
be traced back to the 8th century

Honduras
15 September 1821 (from Spain)

Hong Kong
none (special administrative region of China)

Hungary
1001 (unification by King Stephen I)

Iceland
1 December 1918 (became a sovereign state under the Danish
Crown); 17 June 1944 (from Denmark)

India
15 August 1947 (from UK)

Indonesia
17 August 1945 (independence proclaimed); 27 December 1949
(Netherlands recognizes Indonesian independence)

Iran
1 April 1979 (Islamic Republic of Iran proclaimed)

Iraq
3 October 1932 (from League of Nations mandate under British
administration); note - on 28 June 2004 the Coalition Provisional
Authority transferred sovereignty to the Iraqi Interim Government

Ireland
6 December 1921 (from UK by treaty)

Israel
14 May 1948 (from League of Nations mandate under British
administration)

Italy
17 March 1861 (Kingdom of Italy proclaimed; Italy was not
finally unified until 1870)

Jamaica
6 August 1962 (from UK)

Japan
660 BC (traditional founding by Emperor Jimmu)

Jersey
none (British crown dependency)

Jordan
25 May 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under British
administration)

Kazakhstan
16 December 1991 (from the Soviet Union)

Kenya
12 December 1963 (from UK)

Kiribati
12 July 1979 (from UK)

Korea, North
15 August 1945 (from Japan)

Korea, South
15 August 1945 (from Japan)

Kuwait
19 June 1961 (from UK)

Kyrgyzstan
31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Laos
19 July 1949 (from France)

Latvia
21 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Lebanon
22 November 1943 (from League of Nations mandate under
French administration)

Lesotho
4 October 1966 (from UK)

Liberia
26 July 1847

Libya
24 December 1951 (from Italy)

Liechtenstein
23 January 1719 (Principality of Liechtenstein
established); 12 July 1806 (independence from the Holy Roman Empire)

Lithuania
11 March 1990 (independence declared from Soviet Union); 6
September 1991 (Soviet Union recognizes Lithuania's independence)

Luxembourg
1839 (from the Netherlands)

Macau
none (special administrative region of China)

Macedonia
8 September 1991 (referendum by registered voters
endorsing independence from Yugoslavia)

Madagascar
26 June 1960 (from France)

Malawi
6 July 1964 (from UK)

Malaysia
31 August 1957 (from UK)

Maldives
26 July 1965 (from UK)

Mali
22 September 1960 (from France)

Malta
21 September 1964 (from UK)

Man, Isle of
none (British crown dependency)

Marshall Islands 21 October 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)

Martinique
none (overseas department of France)

Mauritania
28 November 1960 (from France)

Mauritius
12 March 1968 (from UK)

Mayotte
none (territorial collectivity of France)

Mexico
16 September 1810 (from Spain)

Micronesia, Federated States of
3 November 1986 (from the
US-administered UN Trusteeship)

Moldova
27 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Monaco
1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)

Mongolia
11 July 1921 (from China)

Montserrat
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Morocco
2 March 1956 (from France)

Mozambique
25 June 1975 (from Portugal)

Namibia
21 March 1990 (from South African mandate)

Nauru
31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered
UN trusteeship)

Nepal
1768 (unified by Prithvi Narayan Shah)

Netherlands
23 January 1579 (the northern provinces of the Low
Countries conclude the Union of Utrecht breaking with Spain; it was
not until 1648 that Spain recognized their independence)

Netherlands Antilles
none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)

New Caledonia
none (overseas territory of France); note - a
referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new
referendum is scheduled for 2014

New Zealand
26 September 1907 (from UK)

Nicaragua
15 September 1821 (from Spain)

Niger
3 August 1960 (from France)

Nigeria
1 October 1960 (from UK)

Niue
on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary
government in free association with New Zealand

Norfolk Island
none (territory of Australia)

Northern Mariana Islands
none (commonwealth in political union with
the US)

Norway
7 June 1905 (Norway declared the union with Sweden
dissolved); 26 October 1905 (Sweden agreed to the repeal of the
union)

Oman
1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese)

Pakistan
14 August 1947 (from UK)

Palau
1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)

Panama
3 November 1903 (from Colombia; became independent from Spain
28 November 1821)

Papua New Guinea
16 September 1975 (from the Australian-administered
UN trusteeship)

Paraguay
14 May 1811 (from Spain)

Peru
28 July 1821 (from Spain)

Philippines
12 June 1898 (from Spain)

Pitcairn Islands
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Poland
11 November 1918 (independent republic proclaimed)

Portugal
1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 5 October 1910
(independent republic proclaimed)

Puerto Rico
none (commonwealth associated with the US)

Qatar
3 September 1971 (from UK)

Reunion
none (overseas department of France)

Romania
9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from Turkey;
independence recognized 13 July 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin;
kingdom proclaimed 26 March 1881); 30 December 1947 (republic
proclaimed)

Russia
24 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Rwanda
1 July 1962 (from Belgium-administered UN trusteeship)

Saint Helena
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
19 September 1983 (from UK)

Saint Lucia
22 February 1979 (from UK)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
27 October 1979 (from UK)

Samoa
1 January 1962 (from New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship)

San Marino
3 September 301

Sao Tome and Principe
12 July 1975 (from Portugal)

Saudi Arabia
23 September 1932 (unification of the kingdom)

Senegal
4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence was
achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960

Serbia and Montenegro
27 April 1992 (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
or FRY - now Serbia and Montenegro - formed as self-proclaimed
successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or SFRY)

Seychelles
29 June 1976 (from UK)

Sierra Leone
27 April 1961 (from UK)

Singapore
9 August 1965 (from Malaysian Federation)

Slovakia
1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech
Republic and Slovakia)

Slovenia
25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

Solomon Islands
7 July 1978 (from UK)

Somalia
1 July 1960 (from a merger of British Somaliland, which
became independent from the UK on 26 June 1960, and Italian
Somaliland, which became independent from the Italian-administered
UN trusteeship on 1 July 1960, to form the Somali Republic)

South Africa
31 May 1910 (from UK); note - South Africa became a
republic in 1961 following an October 1960 referendum

Spain
the Iberian peninsula was characterized by a variety of
independent kingdoms prior to the Moslem occupation that began in
the early 8th century A. D. and lasted nearly seven centuries; the
small Christian redoubts of the north began the reconquest almost
immediately, culminating in the seizure of Granada in 1492; this
event completed the unification of several kingdoms and is
traditionally considered the forging of present-day Spain

Sri Lanka
4 February 1948 (from UK)

Sudan
1 January 1956 (from Egypt and UK)

Suriname
25 November 1975 (from Netherlands)

Svalbard
none (territory of Norway)

Swaziland
6 September 1968 (from UK)

Sweden
6 June 1523 (Gustav VASA elected king)

Switzerland
1 August 1291 (founding of the Swiss Confederation)

Syria
17 April 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under French
administration)

Tajikistan
9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Tanzania
26 April 1964; Tanganyika became independent 9 December
1961 (from UK-administered UN trusteeship); Zanzibar became
independent 19 December 1963 (from UK); Tanganyika united with
Zanzibar 26 April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and
Zanzibar; renamed United Republic of Tanzania 29 October 1964

Thailand
1238 (traditional founding date; never colonized)

Togo
27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)

Tokelau
none (territory of New Zealand)

Tonga
4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate)

Trinidad and Tobago
31 August 1962 (from UK)

Tunisia
20 March 1956 (from France)

Turkey
29 October 1923 (successor state to the Ottoman Empire)

Turkmenistan
27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Union)

Turks and Caicos Islands
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Tuvalu
1 October 1978 (from UK)

Uganda
9 October 1962 (from UK)

Ukraine
24 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union)

United Arab Emirates
2 December 1971 (from UK)

United Kingdom
England has existed as a unified entity since the
10th century; the union between England and Wales, begun in 1284
with the Statute of Rhuddlan, was not formalized until 1536 with an
Act of Union; in another Act of Union in 1707, England and Scotland
agreed to permanently join as Great Britain; the legislative union
of Great Britain and Ireland was implemented in 1801, with the
adoption of the name the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland; the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 formalized a partition of
Ireland; six northern Irish counties remained part of the United
Kingdom as Northern Ireland and the current name of the country, the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, was adopted in
1927

United States
4 July 1776 (from Great Britain)

Uruguay
25 August 1825 (from Brazil)

Uzbekistan
1 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Vanuatu
30 July 1980 (from France and UK)

Venezuela
5 July 1811 (from Spain)

Vietnam
2 September 1945 (from France)

Wallis and Futuna
none (overseas territory of France)

Yemen
22 May 1990 (Republic of Yemen established with the merger of
the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the
Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen
(Aden) or South Yemen]); note - previously North Yemen had become
independent in November of 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South
Yemen had become independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK)

Zambia
24 October 1964 (from UK)

Zimbabwe
18 April 1980 (from UK)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2089 Industrial production growth rate (%)

Afghanistan
NA

Albania
2.7% (2003 est.)

Algeria
6% (2003 est.)

American Samoa
NA

Andorra
NA

Angola
1% (2000)

Anguilla
3.1% (1997 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
6% (1997 est.)

Argentina
16.2% (2003 est.)

Armenia
15% (2002 est.)

Aruba
NA (2002 est.)

Australia
-0.1% (2003 est.)

Austria
1.9% (2003 est.)

Azerbaijan
6.1% (2003 est.)

Bahamas, The
NA (2002 est.)

Bahrain
2% (2000 est.)

Bangladesh
1.9% (2003 est.)

Barbados
-3.2% (2000 est.)

Belarus
5% (2003 est.)

Belgium
-1.5% (2003 est.)

Belize
4.6% (1999)

Benin
8.3% (2001 est.)

Bermuda
NA

Bhutan
9.3% (1996 est.)

Bolivia
3.9% (1998)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
5.5% (2003 est.)

Botswana
7.3% (2003 est.)

Brazil
0.4% (2003 est.)

British Virgin Islands
NA

Brunei
5% (2002 est.)

Bulgaria
6.3% (2003 est.)

Burkina Faso
14% (2001 est.)

Burma
NA

Burundi
18% (2001)

Cambodia
22% (2002 est.)

Cameroon
4.2% (1999 est.)

Canada
0.2% (2003 est.)

Cape Verde
NA

Cayman Islands
NA

Central African Republic
3% (2002)

Chad
5% (1995)

Chile
1.5% (2003 est.)

China
30.4% (2003 est.)

Christmas Island
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA

Colombia
3.5% (2003 est.)

Comoros
-2% (1999 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
NA

Congo, Republic of the
0% (2002 est.)

Cook Islands
1% (2002)

Costa Rica
8% (2003 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
15% (1998 est.)

Croatia
3.9% (2003 est.)

Cuba
2.4% (2003 est.)

Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus: -0.6% (2002); north Cyprus: -0.3% (2003)

Czech Republic
3.3% (2003)

Denmark
0.3% (2003 est.)

Djibouti
3% (1996 est.)

Dominica
-10% (1997 est.)

Dominican Republic
2% (2001 est.)

East Timor
8.5%

Ecuador
5.3% (2003 est.)

Egypt
1.5% (2003 est.)

El Salvador
1.6% (2003 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
30% (2002 est.)

Eritrea
NA

Estonia
5% (2000 est.)

Ethiopia
6.7% (2001 est.)

European Union
0.8% (2004 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
NA

Faroe Islands
8% (1999 est.)

Fiji
NA

Finland
0.8% (2003 est.)

France
-0.3% (2003)

French Guiana
NA

French Polynesia
NA

Gabon
1.6% (2002 est.)

Gambia, The
NA

Gaza Strip
NA

Georgia
3% (2000)

Germany
0.2% (2003 est.)

Ghana
3.8% (2000 est.)

Gibraltar
NA

Greece
0.7% (2003 est.)

Greenland
NA

Grenada
0.7% (1997 est.)

Guadeloupe
NA

Guam
NA

Guatemala
4.1% (1999)

Guernsey
NA

Guinea
3.2% (1994)

Guinea-Bissau
2.6% (1997 est.)

Guyana
7.1% (1997 est.)

Haiti
NA

Honduras
7.7% (2003 est.)

Hong Kong
-9.2% (2003 est.)

Hungary
6.4% (2003 est.)

Iceland
8.1% (2003 est.)

India
6.5% (2003 est.)

Indonesia
3.7% (2003 est.)

Iran
3% excluding oil (2003 est.)

Iraq
NA

Ireland
6.7% (2003 est.)

Israel
-0.6% (2003 est.)

Italy
-0.5% (2003)

Jamaica
-2% (2000 est.)

Japan
3.3% (2003 est.)

Jersey
NA

Jordan
3.5% (2003 est.)

Kazakhstan
8.8% (2003 est.)

Kenya
2% (2003 est.)

Kiribati
0.7% (1991 est.)

Korea, North
NA

Korea, South
5.1% (2003 est.)

Kuwait
-5% (2002 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
6% (2000 est.)

Laos
9.7% (2001 est.)

Latvia
8% (2003 est.)

Lebanon
NA

Lesotho
15.5% (1999)

Liberia
NA

Libya
NA

Liechtenstein
NA

Lithuania
16.1% (2003 est.)

Luxembourg
1.7% (2003 est.)

Macau
NA

Macedonia
4.5% (2003 est.)

Madagascar
3% (2000 est.)

Malawi
-1.6% (2003 est.)

Malaysia
9.3% (2003 est.)

Maldives
4.4% (1996 est.)

Mali
NA (FY96/97)

Malta
NA

Man, Isle of
3.2% (FY96/97)

Marshall Islands
NA

Martinique
NA

Mauritania
2% (2000 est.)

Mauritius
8% (2000 est.)

Mayotte
NA

Mexico
-0.7% (2003 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
NA

Moldova
17% (2003 est.)

Monaco
NA

Mongolia
4.1% (2002 est.)

Montserrat
NA

Morocco
NA

Mozambique
3.4% (2000)

Namibia
NA

Nauru
NA

Nepal
8.7% (FY99/00)

Netherlands
-2.1% (2003 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
NA

New Caledonia
-0.6% (1996)

New Zealand
1.3% (2003 est.)

Nicaragua
4.4% (2000 est.)

Niger
NA (2001 est.)

Nigeria
2.3% (2003 est.)

Niue
NA

Norfolk Island
NA

Northern Mariana Islands
NA

Norway
-3.5% (2003 est.)

Oman
0.2% (2003 est.)

Pakistan
7.6% (2003 est.)

Palau
NA

Panama
7% (2003 est.)

Papua New Guinea
NA (FY01/02 est.)

Paraguay
0% (2000 est.)

Peru
2% (2003 est.)

Philippines
-0.1% (2003 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
NA

Poland
8.6% (2003)

Portugal
0.4% (2003 est.)

Puerto Rico
NA

Qatar
10% (2003 est.)

Reunion
NA

Romania
2.3% (2003)

Russia
7% (2003 est.)

Rwanda
7% (2001 est.)

Saint Helena
NA

Saint Kitts and Nevis
NA

Saint Lucia
-8.9% (1997 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
NA

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
-0.9% (1997 est.)

Samoa
2.8% (2000)

San Marino
6% (1997 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe
NA

Saudi Arabia
7.7% (2003 est.)

Senegal
2.9% (2003 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
1.7% (2002 est.)

Seychelles
NA

Sierra Leone
NA

Singapore
2.8% (2003 est.)

Slovakia
7.2% (2003 est.)

Slovenia
1.4% (2003)

Solomon Islands
NA

Somalia
NA

South Africa
5% (2003 est.)

Spain
1.6% (2003 est.)

Sri Lanka
5.8% (2003)

Sudan
8.5% (1999 est.)

Suriname
6.5% (1994 est.)

Svalbard
NA

Swaziland
3.7% (FY95/96)

Sweden
1.9% (2003 est.)

Switzerland
0.4% (2003)

Syria
NA

Taiwan
8.4% (2003)

Tajikistan
10.3% (2000 est.)

Tanzania
8.4% (1999 est.)

Thailand
12.3% (2003 est.)

Togo
NA

Tokelau
NA

Tonga
8.6% (FY98/99)

Trinidad and Tobago
5.7% (2003 est.)

Tunisia
-0.1% (2003 est.)

Turkey
8.5% (2003 est.)

Turkmenistan
14% (2003 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
NA

Tuvalu
NA

Uganda
5% (2003 est.)

Ukraine
15.8% (2003 est.)

United Arab Emirates
4% (2000)

United Kingdom
-0.7% (2003 est.)

United States
0.3% (2003 est.)

Uruguay
0.7% (2003 est.)

Uzbekistan
6.2% (2003 est.)

Vanuatu
1% (1997 est.)

Venezuela
-15.4% (2003 est.)

Vietnam
16% (2003 est.)

Virgin Islands
NA

Wallis and Futuna
NA

West Bank
NA

Western Sahara
NA

World
3% (2002 est.)

Yemen
3% (2003 est.)

Zambia
4% (2003 est.)

Zimbabwe
-14.7% (2003 est.)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2090 Industries

Afghanistan
small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture,
shoes, fertilizer, cement; handwoven carpets; natural gas, coal,
copper

Albania
food processing, textiles and clothing; lumber, oil, cement,
chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower

Algeria
petroleum, natural gas, light industries, mining,
electrical, petrochemical, food processing

American Samoa
tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing
vessels), handicrafts

Andorra
tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber,
banking

Angola
petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite,
uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing;
food processing; brewing; tobacco products; sugar; textiles

Anguilla
tourism, boat building, offshore financial services

Antigua and Barbuda
tourism, construction, light manufacturing
(clothing, alcohol, household appliances)

Argentina
food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables,
textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel

Armenia
diamond-processing, metal-cutting machine tools,
forging-pressing machines, electric motors, tires, knitted wear,
hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments,
microelectronics, jewelry manufacturing, software development, food
processing, brandy

Aruba
tourism, transshipment facilities, oil refining

Australia
mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food
processing, chemicals, steel

Austria
construction, machinery, vehicles and parts, food,
chemicals, lumber and wood processing, paper and paperboard,
communications equipment, tourism

Azerbaijan
petroleum and natural gas, petroleum products, oilfield
equipment; steel, iron ore, cement; chemicals and petrochemicals;
textiles

Bahamas, The
tourism, banking, e-commerce, cement, oil refining and
transshipment, salt, rum, aragonite, pharmaceuticals, spiral-welded
steel pipe

Bahrain
petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting,
offshore banking, ship repairing; tourism

Bangladesh
cotton textiles, jute, garments, tea processing, paper
newsprint, cement, chemical fertilizer, light engineering, sugar

Barbados
tourism, sugar, light manufacturing, component assembly for
export

Belarus
metal-cutting machine tools, tractors, trucks, earthmovers,
motorcycles, television sets, chemical fibers, fertilizer, textiles,
radios, refrigerators

Belgium
engineering and metal products, motor vehicle assembly,
processed food and beverages, chemicals, basic metals, textiles,
glass, petroleum

Belize
garment production, food processing, tourism, construction

Benin
textiles, food processing, chemical production, construction
materials (2001)

Bermuda
tourism, international business, light manufacturing

Bhutan
cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages,
calcium carbide

Bolivia
mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages, tobacco,
handicrafts, clothing

Bosnia and Herzegovina
steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese,
bauxite, vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden
furniture, tank and aircraft assembly, domestic appliances, oil
refining (2001)

Botswana
diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock
processing; textiles

Brazil
textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin,
steel, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, other machinery and
equipment

British Virgin Islands
tourism, light industry, construction, rum,
concrete block, offshore financial center

Brunei
petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas,
construction

Bulgaria
electricity, gas and water; food, beverages and tobacco;
machinery and equipment, base metals, chemical products, coke,
refined petroleum, nuclear fuel

Burkina Faso
cotton lint, beverages, agricultural processing, soap,
cigarettes, textiles, gold

Burma
agricultural processing; knit and woven apparel; wood and wood
products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; construction materials;
pharmaceuticals; fertilizer; cement

Burundi
light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly
of imported components; public works construction; food processing

Cambodia
tourism, garments, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood
products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles

Cameroon
petroleum production and refining, food processing, light
consumer goods, textiles, lumber

Canada
transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and
unprocessed minerals, food products; wood and paper products; fish
products, petroleum and natural gas

Cape Verde
food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments,
salt mining, ship repair

Cayman Islands
tourism, banking, insurance and finance,
construction, construction materials, furniture

Central African Republic
diamond mining, logging, brewing, textiles,
footwear, assembly of bicycles and motorcycles

Chad
oil, cotton textiles, meatpacking, beer brewing, natron (sodium
carbonate), soap, cigarettes, construction materials

Chile
copper, other minerals, foodstuffs, fish processing, iron and
steel, wood and wood products, transport equipment, cement, textiles

China
iron and steel, coal, machine building, armaments, textiles
and apparel, petroleum, cement, chemical fertilizers, footwear,
toys, food processing, automobiles, consumer electronics,
telecommunications

Christmas Island
tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
copra products and tourism

Colombia
textiles, food processing, oil, clothing and footwear,
beverages, chemicals, cement; gold, coal, emeralds

Comoros
tourism, perfume distillation

Congo, Democratic Republic of the mining (diamonds, copper, zinc), mineral processing, consumer products (including textiles, footwear, cigarettes, processed foods and beverages), cement

Congo, Republic of the
petroleum extraction, cement, lumber,
brewing, sugar, palm oil, soap, flour, cigarettes

Cook Islands
fruit processing, tourism, fishing, clothing,
handicrafts

Costa Rica
microprocessors, food processing, textiles and clothing,
construction materials, fertilizer, plastic products

Cote d'Ivoire
foodstuffs, beverages; wood products, oil refining,
truck and bus assembly, textiles, fertilizer, building materials,
electricity

Croatia
chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal,
electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper,
wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding,
petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages; tourism

Cuba
sugar, petroleum, tobacco, construction, nickel, steel, cement,
agricultural machinery, pharmaceuticals

Cyprus
food, beverages, textiles, chemicals, metal products,
tourism, wood products

Czech Republic
metallurgy, machinery and equipment, motor vehicles,
glass, armaments

Denmark
food processing, machinery and equipment, textiles and
clothing, chemical products, electronics, construction, furniture
and other wood products, shipbuilding, windmills

Djibouti
construction, agricultural processing

Dominica
soap, coconut oil, tourism, copra, furniture, cement
blocks, shoes

Dominican Republic
tourism, sugar processing, ferronickel and gold
mining, textiles, cement, tobacco

East Timor
printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth

Ecuador
petroleum, food processing, textiles, wood products,
chemicals

Egypt
textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, hydrocarbons,
construction, cement, metals

El Salvador
food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals,
fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals

Equatorial Guinea
petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas

Eritrea
food processing, beverages, clothing and textiles

Estonia
engineering, electronics, wood and wood products, textile;
information technology, telecommunications

Ethiopia
food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, metals
processing, cement

European Union
among the world's largest and most technologically
advanced industries, including iron and steel, aluminum, petroleum,
coal, cement, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, automobiles, aircraft,
railroad equipment, shipbuilding, electrical power equipment,
machine tools, electronics, telecommunications equipment, fishing,
food processing, furniture, paper, textiles and clothing, tourism

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
fish and wool processing; tourism

Faroe Islands
fishing, fish processing, shipbuilding, construction,
handicrafts

Fiji
tourism, sugar, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber, small
cottage industries

Finland
metal products, electronics, shipbuilding, pulp and paper,
copper refining, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothing

France
machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft,
electronics; textiles, food processing; tourism

French Guiana
construction, shrimp processing, forestry products,
rum, gold mining

French Polynesia
tourism, pearls, agricultural processing,
handicrafts, phosphates

Gabon
petroleum extraction and refining; manganese, and gold mining;
chemicals; ship repair; food and beverage; textile; lumbering and
plywood; cement

Gambia, The
processing peanuts, fish, and hides; tourism; beverages;
agricultural machinery assembly, woodworking, metalworking; clothing

Gaza Strip
generally small family businesses that produce textiles,
soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the
Israelis have established some small-scale modern industries in an
industrial center

Georgia
steel, aircraft, machine tools, electrical appliances,
mining (manganese and copper), chemicals, wood products, wine

Germany
among the world's largest and most technologically advanced
producers of iron, steel, coal, cement, chemicals, machinery,
vehicles, machine tools, electronics, food and beverages;
shipbuilding; textiles

Ghana
mining, lumbering, light manufacturing, aluminum smelting,
food processing

Gibraltar
tourism, banking and finance, ship repairing, tobacco

Greece
tourism; food and tobacco processing, textiles; chemicals,
metal products; mining, petroleum

Greenland
fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut),
handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards, mining

Grenada
food and beverages, textiles, light assembly operations,
tourism, construction

Guadeloupe
construction, cement, rum, sugar, tourism

Guam
US military, tourism, construction, transshipment services,
concrete products, printing and publishing, food processing, textiles

Guatemala
sugar, textiles and clothing, furniture, chemicals,
petroleum, metals, rubber, tourism

Guernsey
tourism, banking

Guinea
bauxite, gold, diamonds; alumina refining; light
manufacturing and agricultural processing industries

Guinea-Bissau
agricultural products processing, beer, soft drinks

Guyana
bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber, textiles, gold mining

Haiti
sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, light
assembly industries based on imported parts

Holy See (Vatican City) printing; production of coins, medals, postage stamps, a small amount of mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities

Honduras
sugar, coffee, textiles, clothing, wood products

Hong Kong
textiles, clothing, tourism, banking, shipping,
electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks

Hungary
mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods,
textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles

Iceland
fish processing; aluminum smelting, ferrosilicon production,
geothermal power; tourism

India
textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation
equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software

Indonesia
petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear,
mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism

Iran
petroleum, petrochemicals, textiles, cement and other
construction materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining
and vegetable oil production), metal fabricating, armaments

Iraq
petroleum, chemicals, textiles, construction materials, food
processing

Ireland
food products, brewing, textiles, clothing; chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, machinery, transportation equipment, glass and
crystal; software

Israel
high-technology projects (including aviation, communications,
computer-aided design and manufactures, medical electronics), wood
and paper products, potash and phosphates, food, beverages, and
tobacco, caustic soda, cement, diamond cutting

Italy
tourism, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, food
processing, textiles, motor vehicles, clothing, footwear, ceramics

Jamaica
tourism, bauxite/alumina, textiles, agro processing, wearing
apparel, light manufactures, rum, cement, metal, paper, chemical
products, telecommunications

Japan
among world's largest and technologically advanced producers
of motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine tools, steel and
nonferrous metals, ships, chemicals, textiles, processed foods

Jersey
tourism, banking and finance, dairy

Jordan
phosphate mining, pharmaceuticals, petroleum refining,
cement, potash, light manufacturing, tourism

Kazakhstan
oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc,
copper, titanium, bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur, iron
and steel; tractors and other agricultural machinery, electric
motors, construction materials

Kenya
small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries,
textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural products
processing; oil refining, cement; tourism

Kiribati
fishing, handicrafts

Korea, North
military products; machine building, electric power,
chemicals; mining (coal, iron ore, magnesite, graphite, copper,
zinc, lead, and precious metals), metallurgy; textiles, food
processing; tourism

Korea, South
electronics, telecommunications, automobile production,
chemicals, shipbuilding, steel

Kuwait
petroleum, petrochemicals, desalination, food processing,
construction materials

Kyrgyzstan
small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement,
shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold,
rare earth metals

Laos
tin and gypsum mining, timber, electric power, agricultural
processing, construction, garments, tourism

Latvia
buses, vans, street and railroad cars, synthetic fibers,
agricultural machinery, fertilizers, washing machines, radios,
electronics, pharmaceuticals, processed foods, textiles; note -
dependent on imports for energy and raw materials

Lebanon
banking; food processing; jewelry; cement; textiles; mineral
and chemical products; wood and furniture products; oil refining;
metal fabricating

Lesotho
food, beverages, textiles, apparel assembly, handicrafts;
construction; tourism

Liberia
rubber processing, palm oil processing, timber, diamonds

Libya
petroleum, food processing, textiles, handicrafts, cement

Liechtenstein
electronics, metal manufacturing, dental products,
ceramics, pharmaceuticals, food products, precision instruments,
tourism, optical instruments

Lithuania
metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, television
sets, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding
(small ships), furniture making, textiles, food processing,
fertilizers, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, electronic
components, computers, amber

Luxembourg
banking, iron and steel, food processing, chemicals,
metal products, engineering, tires, glass, aluminum

Macau
tourism, gambling, clothing, textiles, electronics, footwear,
toys

Macedonia
coal, metallic chromium, lead, zinc, ferronickel,
textiles, wood products, tobacco, food processing, buses, steel

Madagascar
meat processing, soap, breweries, tanneries, sugar,
textiles, glassware, cement, automobile assembly plant, paper,
petroleum, tourism

Malawi
tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products, cement, consumer goods

Malaysia
Peninsular Malaysia - rubber and oil palm processing and
manufacturing, light manufacturing industry, electronics, tin mining
and smelting, logging and processing timber; Sabah - logging,
petroleum production; Sarawak - agriculture processing, petroleum
production and refining, logging

Maldives
fish processing, tourism, shipping, boat building, coconut
processing, garments, woven mats, rope, handicrafts, coral and sand
mining

Mali
food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining

Malta
tourism; electronics, ship building and repair, construction;
food and beverages, textiles, footwear, clothing, tobacco

Man, Isle of
financial services, light manufacturing, tourism

Marshall Islands
copra, fish, tourism, craft items from shell, wood,
and pearls

Martinique
construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism

Mauritania
fish processing, mining of iron ore and gypsum

Mauritius
food processing (largely sugar milling), textiles,
clothing; chemicals, metal products, transport equipment,
nonelectrical machinery; tourism

Mayotte
newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction

Mexico
food and beverages, tobacco, chemicals, iron and steel,
petroleum, mining, textiles, clothing, motor vehicles, consumer
durables, tourism

Micronesia, Federated States of
tourism, construction, fish
processing, specialized aquaculture, craft items from shell, wood,
and pearls

Moldova
food processing, agricultural machinery, foundry equipment,
refrigerators and freezers, washing machines, hosiery, sugar,
vegetable oil, shoes, textiles

Monaco
tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer
products

Mongolia
construction materials; mining (coal, copper, molybdenum,
fluorspar, and gold); oil; food and beverages; processing of animal
products

Montserrat
tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances

Morocco
phosphate rock mining and processing, food processing,
leather goods, textiles, construction, tourism

Mozambique
food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints),
aluminum, petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos,
tobacco

Namibia
meatpacking, fish processing, dairy products; mining
(diamond, lead, zinc, tin, silver, tungsten, uranium, copper)

Nauru
phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products

Nepal
tourism, carpet, textile; small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed
mills; cigarette; cement and brick production

Netherlands
agroindustries, metal and engineering products,
electrical machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum,
construction, microelectronics, fishing

Netherlands Antilles
tourism (Curacao, Sint Maarten, and Bonaire),
petroleum refining (Curacao), petroleum transshipment facilities
(Curacao and Bonaire), light manufacturing (Curacao)

New Caledonia
nickel mining and smelting

New Zealand
food processing, wood and paper products, textiles,
machinery, transportation equipment, banking and insurance, tourism,
mining

Nicaragua
food processing, chemicals, machinery and metal products,
textiles, clothing, petroleum refining and distribution, beverages,
footwear, wood

Niger
uranium mining, cement, brick, textiles, food processing,
chemicals, slaughterhouses

Nigeria
crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, palm oil, peanuts, cotton,
rubber, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other
construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals,
fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel

Niue
tourism, handicrafts, food processing

Norfolk Island
tourism

Northern Mariana Islands
tourism, construction, garments, handicrafts

Norway
petroleum and gas, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and
paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles, fishing

Oman
crude oil production and refining, natural gas production,
construction, cement, copper

Pakistan
textiles and apparel, food processing, pharmaceuticals,
construction materials, paper products, fertilizer, shrimp

Palau
tourism, craft items (from shell, wood, pearls), construction,
garment making

Panama
construction, petroleum refining, brewing, cement and other
construction materials, sugar milling

Papua New Guinea
copra crushing, palm oil processing, plywood
production, wood chip production; mining of gold, silver, and
copper; crude oil production; construction, tourism

Paraguay
sugar, cement, textiles, beverages, wood products, steel,
metallurgic, electric power

Peru
mining of metals, petroleum, fishing, textiles, clothing, food
processing, cement, auto assembly, steel, shipbuilding, metal
fabrication

Philippines
electronics assembly, textiles, pharmaceuticals,
chemicals, wood products, food processing, petroleum refining,
fishing

Pitcairn Islands
postage stamps, handicrafts

Poland
machine building, iron and steel, coal mining, chemicals,
shipbuilding, food processing, glass, beverages, textiles

Portugal
textiles and footwear; wood pulp, paper, and cork;
metalworking; oil refining; chemicals; fish canning; wine; tourism

Puerto Rico
pharmaceuticals, electronics, apparel, food products,
tourism

Qatar
crude oil production and refining, fertilizers,
petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement

Reunion
sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil
extraction

Romania
textiles and footwear, light machinery and auto assembly,
mining, timber, construction materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food
processing, petroleum refining

Russia
complete range of mining and extractive industries producing
coal, oil, gas, chemicals, and metals; all forms of machine building
from rolling mills to high-performance aircraft and space vehicles;
shipbuilding; road and rail transportation equipment; communications
equipment; agricultural machinery, tractors, and construction
equipment; electric power generating and transmitting equipment;
medical and scientific instruments; consumer durables, textiles,
foodstuffs, handicrafts

Rwanda
cement, agricultural products, small-scale beverages, soap,
furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, cigarettes

Saint Helena
construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy
woodwork), fishing

Saint Kitts and Nevis
sugar processing, tourism, cotton, salt,
copra, clothing, footwear, beverages

Saint Lucia
clothing, assembly of electronic components, beverages,
corrugated cardboard boxes, tourism, lime processing, coconut
processing

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
fish processing and supply base for
fishing fleets; tourism

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
food processing, cement, furniture,
clothing, starch

Samoa
food processing, building materials, auto parts

San Marino
tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics,
cement, wine

Sao Tome and Principe
light construction, textiles, soap, beer; fish
processing; timber

Saudi Arabia
crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic
petrochemicals, cement, construction, fertilizer, plastics

Senegal
agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining,
fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction materials

Serbia and Montenegro
machine building (aircraft, trucks, and
automobiles; tanks and weapons; electrical equipment; agricultural
machinery); metallurgy (steel, aluminum, copper, lead, zinc,
chromium, antimony, bismuth, cadmium); mining (coal, bauxite,
nonferrous ore, iron ore, limestone); consumer goods (textiles,
footwear, foodstuffs, appliances); electronics, petroleum products,
chemicals, and pharmaceuticals

Seychelles
fishing; tourism; processing of coconuts and vanilla,
coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture;
beverages

Sierra Leone
mining (diamonds); small-scale manufacturing
(beverages, textiles, cigarettes, footwear); petroleum refining

Singapore
electronics, chemicals, financial services, oil drilling
equipment, petroleum refining, rubber processing and rubber
products, processed food and beverages, ship repair, offshore
platform construction, life sciences, entrepot trade

Slovakia
metal and metal products; food and beverages; electricity,
gas, coke, oil, nuclear fuel; chemicals and manmade fibers;
machinery; paper and printing; earthenware and ceramics; transport
vehicles; textiles; electrical and optical apparatus; rubber products

Slovenia
ferrous metallurgy and aluminum products, lead and zinc
smelting, electronics (including military electronics), trucks,
electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals,
machine tools

Solomon Islands
fish (tuna), mining, timber

Somalia
a few light industries, including sugar refining, textiles,
petroleum refining (mostly shut down), wireless communication

South Africa
mining (world's largest producer of platinum, gold,
chromium), automobile assembly, metalworking, machinery, textile,
iron and steel, chemicals, fertilizer, foodstuffs

Spain
textiles and apparel (including footwear), food and beverages,
metals and metal manufactures, chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles,
machine tools, tourism

Sri Lanka
rubber processing, tea, coconuts, and other agricultural
commodities; clothing, cement, petroleum refining, textiles, tobacco

Sudan
oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar,
soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals,
armaments, automobile/light truck assembly

Suriname
bauxite and gold mining, alumina production, oil,
lumbering, food processing, fishing

Swaziland
mining (coal), wood pulp, sugar, soft drink concentrates,
textile and apparel

Sweden
iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and
telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed
foods, motor vehicles

Switzerland
machinery, chemicals, watches, textiles, precision
instruments

Syria
petroleum, textiles, food processing, beverages, tobacco,
phosphate rock mining

Taiwan
electronics, petroleum refining, chemicals, textiles, iron
and steel, machinery, cement, food processing

Tajikistan
aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement,
vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and
freezers

Tanzania
agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal
twine), diamond and gold mining, oil refining, shoes, cement,
textiles, wood products, fertilizer, salt

Thailand
tourism, textiles and garments, agricultural processing,
beverages, tobacco, cement, light manufacturing such as jewelry,
electric appliances and components, computers and parts, integrated
circuits, furniture, plastics, world's second-largest tungsten
producer, and third-largest tin producer

Togo
phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts,
textiles, beverages

Tokelau
small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking,
plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing

Tonga
tourism, fishing

Trinidad and Tobago
petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing,
cement, beverage, cotton textiles

Tunisia
petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore),
tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages

Turkey
textiles, food processing, autos, mining (coal, chromite,
copper, boron), steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper

Turkmenistan
natural gas, oil, petroleum products, textiles, food
processing

Turks and Caicos Islands
tourism, offshore financial services

Tuvalu
fishing, tourism, copra

Uganda
sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles, cement

Ukraine
coal, electric power, ferrous and nonferrous metals,
machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food processing
(especially sugar)

United Arab Emirates
petroleum, fishing, petrochemicals,
construction materials, some boat building, handicrafts, pearling

United Kingdom
machine tools, electric power equipment, automation
equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor
vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment,
metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food
processing, textiles, clothing, and other consumer goods

United States
leading industrial power in the world, highly
diversified and technologically advanced; petroleum, steel, motor
vehicles, aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, electronics,
food processing, consumer goods, lumber, mining

Uruguay
food processing, electrical machinery, transportation
equipment, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals, beverages

Uzbekistan
textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy,
natural gas, chemicals

Vanuatu
food and fish freezing, wood processing, meat canning

Venezuela
petroleum, iron ore mining, construction materials, food
processing, textiles, steel, aluminum, motor vehicle assembly

Vietnam
food processing, garments, shoes, machine-building, mining,
cement, chemical fertilizer, glass, tires, oil, coal, steel, paper

Virgin Islands
tourism, petroleum refining, watch assembly, rum
distilling, construction, pharmaceuticals, textiles, electronics

Wallis and Futuna
copra, handicrafts, fishing, lumber

West Bank
generally small family businesses that produce cement,
textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs;
the Israelis have established some small-scale, modern industries in
the settlements and industrial centers

Western Sahara
phosphate mining, handicrafts

World
dominated by the onrush of technology, especially in
computers, robotics, telecommunications, and medicines and medical
equipment; most of these advances take place in OECD nations; only a
small portion of non-OECD countries have succeeded in rapidly
adjusting to these technological forces; the accelerated development
of new industrial (and agricultural) technology is complicating
already grim environmental problems

Yemen
crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale
production of cotton textiles and leather goods; food processing;
handicrafts; small aluminum products factory; cement

Zambia
copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs,
beverages, chemicals, textiles, fertilizer, horticulture

Zimbabwe
mining (coal, gold, copper, nickel, tin, clay, numerous
metallic and nonmetallic ores), steel, wood products, cement,
chemicals, fertilizer, clothing and footwear, foodstuffs, beverages

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2091 Infant mortality rate (deaths/1,000 live births)

Afghanistan
total: 165.96 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 170.85 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 160.82 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Albania
total: 22.31 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 23.01 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 21.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Algeria
total: 32.16 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 36.06 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 28.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

American Samoa
total: 9.48 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 10.06 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 8.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Andorra
total: 4.05 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.39 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Angola
total: 192.5 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 204.97 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 179.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Anguilla
total: 21.91 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 28.72 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
total: 20.18 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 24.29 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 15.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Argentina
total: 15.66 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 17.6 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 13.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Armenia
total: 24.16 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 29.32 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 18.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Aruba
total: 6.02 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.85 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Australia
total: 4.76 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.16 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Austria
total: 4.68 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.76 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Azerbaijan
total: 82.07 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 83.99 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 80.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Bahamas, The
total: 25.7 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 31.73 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 19.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Bahrain
total: 17.91 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 20.93 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Bangladesh
total: 64.32 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 65.41 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 63.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Barbados
total: 12.61 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 14.26 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 10.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Belarus
total: 13.62 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 14.71 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 12.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Belgium
total: 4.76 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.36 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Belize
total: 26.37 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 29.75 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 22.82 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Benin
total: 85.88 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 90.89 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 80.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Bermuda
total: 8.79 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 10.45 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Bhutan
total: 102.56 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 100.35 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 104.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Bolivia
total: 54.58 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 58.23 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 50.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
total: 21.88 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 24.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 19.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Botswana
total: 69.98 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 70.96 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 68.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Brazil
total: 30.66 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 34.47 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 26.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

British Virgin Islands
total: 18.05 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 21.02 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Brunei
total: 13.05 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 16.51 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 9.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Bulgaria
total: 21.31 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 25.15 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 17.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Burkina Faso
total: 98.67 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 106.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 90.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Burma
total: 68.78 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 74.78 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 62.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Burundi
total: 70.4 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 77.15 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 63.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Cambodia
total: 73.67 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 82.51 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 64.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Cameroon
total: 69.18 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 73.16 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 65.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Canada
total: 4.82 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.28 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Cape Verde
total: 49.14 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 54.39 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 43.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Cayman Islands
total: 8.41 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.64 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Central African Republic
total: 92.15 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 99.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 84.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Chad
total: 94.78 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 104.01 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 85.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Chile
total: 9.05 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.81 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 8.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

China
total: 25.28 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 21.84 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 29.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Christmas Island
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA (2004 est.)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA (2004 est.)

Colombia
total: 21.72 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 25.69 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 17.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Comoros
total: 77.22 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 85.9 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 68.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
total: 94.69 deaths/1,000 live
births
male: 103.18 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 85.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
total: 93.86 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 99.95 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 87.59 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Cook Islands
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA (2004 est.)

Costa Rica
total: 10.26 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 11.17 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 9.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
total: 97.1 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 113.87 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 79.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Croatia
total: 6.96 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.03 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Cuba
total: 6.45 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.25 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Cyprus
total: 7.36 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.19 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Czech Republic
total: 3.97 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.32 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.59 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Denmark
total: 4.63 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.65 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Djibouti
total: 105.54 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 113.3 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 97.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Dominica
total: 14.75 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 19.49 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 9.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Dominican Republic
total: 33.28 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 35.75 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 30.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

East Timor
total: 48.86 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 55.34 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 42.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Ecuador
total: 24.49 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 29.34 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 19.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Egypt
total: 33.9 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 34.64 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 33.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

El Salvador
total: 25.93 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 28.79 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 22.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
total: 87.08 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 93.27 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 80.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Eritrea
total: 75.59 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 83.03 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 67.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Estonia
total: 8.08 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.32 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Ethiopia
total: 102.12 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 112.22 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 91.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

European Union
total: 5.3 deaths/1,000 live births (July 2004 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA (2004 est.)

Faroe Islands
total: 6.38 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.72 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Fiji
total: 12.99 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 14.36 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Finland
total: 3.59 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 3.91 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

France
total: 4.31 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.83 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

French Guiana
total: 12.46 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 13.3 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

French Polynesia
total: 8.61 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.92 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Gabon
total: 54.34 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 64.15 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 44.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Gambia, The
total: 73.48 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 80.14 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 66.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Gaza Strip
total: 23.54 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 24.71 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 22.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Georgia
total: 19.34 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 21.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 16.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Germany
total: 4.2 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.64 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Ghana
total: 52.22 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 55.1 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 49.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Gibraltar
total: 5.22 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.81 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.59 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Greece
total: 5.63 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.19 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Greenland
total: 16.31 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 17.62 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Grenada
total: 14.62 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 14.18 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 15.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Guadeloupe
total: 8.83 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 10.07 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Guam
total: 7.15 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Guatemala
total: 36.91 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 37.71 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 36.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Guernsey
total: 4.78 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.35 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Guinea
total: 91.82 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 97.3 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 86.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
total: 108.72 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 119.37 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 97.74 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Guyana
total: 37.22 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 41.28 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 32.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Haiti
total: 74.38 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 79.83 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 68.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Honduras
total: 29.64 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 33.22 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 25.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Hong Kong
total: 2.97 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 3.16 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 2.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Hungary
total: 8.68 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.34 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Iceland
total: 3.31 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 3.44 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

India
total: 57.92 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 58.52 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 57.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Indonesia
total: 36.82 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 42.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 31.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Iran
total: 42.86 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 43.01 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 42.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Iraq
total: 52.71 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 58.58 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 46.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Ireland
total: 5.5 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.04 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Israel
total: 7.21 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.96 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Italy
total: 6.07 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.68 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Jamaica
total: 12.81 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 13.82 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Japan
total: 3.28 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 3.54 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Jersey
total: 5.33 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Jordan
total: 18.11 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 21.63 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Kazakhstan
total: 30.54 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 35.24 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 25.57 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Kenya
total: 62.62 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 65.55 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 59.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Kiribati
total: 49.9 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 55.04 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 44.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Korea, North
total: 24.84 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 26.59 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 23 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Korea, South
total: 7.18 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.64 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Kuwait
total: 10.26 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 11.27 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 9.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
total: 36.81 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 42.23 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 31.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Laos
total: 87.06 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 97.05 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 76.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Latvia
total: 9.67 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 11.45 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Lebanon
total: 25.48 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 28.21 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 22.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Lesotho
total: 85.22 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 90.19 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 80.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Liberia
total: 130.51 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 137.32 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 123.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Libya
total: 25.7 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 28.04 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 23.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Liechtenstein
total: 4.77 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.47 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Lithuania
total: 7.13 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.61 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.57 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Luxembourg
total: 4.88 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.84 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Macau
total: 4.39 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.59 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Macedonia
total: 11.74 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 12.67 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 10.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Madagascar
total: 78.52 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 86.84 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 69.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Malawi
total: 104.23 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 108.4 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 99.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Malaysia
total: 18.35 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 21.23 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 15.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Maldives
total: 58.32 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 57.43 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 59.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Mali
total: 117.99 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 124.51 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 111.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Malta
total: 3.94 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.45 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Man, Isle of
total: 6.05 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.08 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Marshall Islands
total: 30.5 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 34.19 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 26.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Martinique
total: 7.27 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.79 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 9.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Mauritania
total: 72.35 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 75.22 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 69.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Mauritius
total: 15.57 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 18.36 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 12.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Mayotte
total: 64.19 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 70.42 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 57.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Mexico
total: 21.69 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 23.63 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 19.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
total: 31.28 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 34.45 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 27.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Moldova
total: 41 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 43.96 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 37.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Monaco
total: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.4 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Mongolia
total: 55.45 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 58.97 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 51.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Montserrat
total: 7.56 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.8 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Morocco
total: 43.25 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 47.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 39.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Mozambique
total: 137.08 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 142.67 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 131.32 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Namibia
total: 69.58 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 72.65 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 66.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Nauru
total: 10.14 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 12.76 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Nepal
total: 68.77 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 67.1 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 70.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Netherlands
total: 5.11 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.68 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
total: 10.37 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 11.18 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 9.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

New Caledonia
total: 7.89 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.59 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

New Zealand
total: 5.96 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.83 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Nicaragua
total: 30.15 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 33.73 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 26.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Niger
total: 122.66 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 126.96 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 118.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Nigeria
total: 70.49 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 73.55 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 67.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Niue
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA (2004 est.)

Norfolk Island
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA

Northern Mariana Islands
total: 7.25 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.18 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.32 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Norway
total: 3.73 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.11 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Oman
total: 20.26 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 23.18 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 17.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Pakistan
total: 74.43 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 74.84 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 74 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Palau
total: 15.3 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 17.07 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 13.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Panama
total: 20.95 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 23.08 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 18.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Papua New Guinea
total: 53.15 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 57.39 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 48.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Paraguay
total: 26.67 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 31.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 21.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Peru
total: 32.95 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 35.57 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 30.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Philippines
total: 24.24 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 27.11 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 21.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA

Poland
total: 8.73 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.82 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.59 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Portugal
total: 5.13 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.6 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Puerto Rico
total: 8.37 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Qatar
total: 19.32 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 22.77 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 15.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Reunion
total: 7.95 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.71 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Romania
total: 27.24 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 30.41 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 23.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Russia
total: 16.96 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 19.58 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Rwanda
total: 101.68 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 106.68 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 96.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Saint Helena
total: 19.85 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 23.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 15.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
total: 14.94 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 16.72 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 13.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Saint Lucia
total: 13.95 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 15.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 12.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
total: 7.76 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.91 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
total: 15.24 deaths/1,000 live
births
male: 16.58 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 13.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Samoa
total: 28.72 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 33.83 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 23.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

San Marino
total: 5.85 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.28 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe
total: 44.58 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 46.57 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 42.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Saudi Arabia
total: 13.7 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 15.72 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Senegal
total: 56.53 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 60.25 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 52.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
total: 13.43 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 15.04 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Seychelles
total: 15.97 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 20.2 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Sierra Leone
total: 145.24 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 162.64 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 127.32 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Singapore
total: 2.28 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 2.49 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 2.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Slovakia
total: 7.62 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.88 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Slovenia
total: 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.11 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Solomon Islands
total: 22.09 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 25.15 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 18.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Somalia
total: 118.52 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 127.95 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 108.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

South Africa
total: 62.18 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 65.87 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 58.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Spain
total: 4.48 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.88 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Sri Lanka
total: 14.78 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 16.01 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 13.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Sudan
total: 64.05 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 64.8 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 63.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Suriname
total: 24.15 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 28.24 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 19.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Svalbard
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA

Swaziland
total: 68.35 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 71.64 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 64.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Sweden
total: 2.77 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 2.93 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 2.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Switzerland
total: 4.43 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.94 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Syria
total: 30.6 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 30.82 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 30.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Taiwan
total: 6.52 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.21 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Tajikistan
total: 112.1 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 124.47 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 99.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Tanzania
total: 102.13 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 111.62 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 92.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Thailand
total: 21.14 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 22.49 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 19.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Togo
total: 67.66 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 75.4 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 59.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Tokelau
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA

Tonga
total: 12.99 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 14.36 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago
total: 24.64 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 26.58 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 22.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Tunisia
total: 25.76 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 28.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 22.59 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Turkey
total: 42.62 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 46.3 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 38.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Turkmenistan
total: 73.13 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 76.9 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 69.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
total: 16.27 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 18.79 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 13.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Tuvalu
total: 20.69 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 23.63 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 17.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Uganda
total: 86.15 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 93.58 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 78.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Ukraine
total: 20.61 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 21.87 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 19.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

United Arab Emirates
total: 15.06 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 17.71 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 12.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

United Kingdom
total: 5.22 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.83 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

United States
total: 6.63 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.31 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Uruguay
total: 12.31 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 13.67 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 10.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Uzbekistan
total: 71.3 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 75.03 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 67.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Vanuatu
total: 56.63 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 59.25 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 53.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Venezuela
total: 22.99 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 26.18 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 19.57 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Vietnam
total: 29.88 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 33.71 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 25.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Virgin Islands
total: 8.21 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.31 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Wallis and Futuna
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA

West Bank
total: 20.16 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 22.28 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 17.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Western Sahara
total: NA
male: NA
female: NA

World
total: 50.31 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 52.17 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 48.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Yemen
total: 63.26 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 68.12 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 58.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Zambia
total: 98.4 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 105.6 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 90.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Zimbabwe
total: 67.08 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 69.74 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 64.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2092 Inflation rate (consumer prices) (%)

Afghanistan
5.2% (2003)

Albania
2.4% (2003)

Algeria
3.5% (2003 est.)

American Samoa
NA (2003 est.)

Andorra
4.3% (2000)

Angola
76.6% (2003 est.)

Anguilla
2.3%

Antigua and Barbuda
0.4% (2000 est.)

Argentina
13.4% (2003)

Armenia
4.8% (2003 est.)

Aruba
3.2% (2002 est.)

Australia
2.8% (2003 est.)

Austria
1.4% (2003 est.)

Azerbaijan
2.1% (2003 est.)

Bahamas, The
1.7% (2002 est.)

Bahrain
-0.2% (2003 est.)

Bangladesh
5.6% (2003 est.)

Barbados
-0.5% (2003 est.)

Belarus
28.2% (2003 est.)

Belgium
1.6% (2003 est.)

Belize
2.6% (2003 est.)

Benin
1.5% (2003 est.)

Bermuda
3.3% (mid-2003 est.)

Bhutan
3% (2002 est.)

Bolivia
3.3% (2003 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
0.9% (2003 est.)

Botswana
9.2% (2003 est.)

Brazil
14.7% (2003)

British Virgin Islands
2.5% (2002)

Brunei
-2% (2002 est.)

Bulgaria
2.3% (2003 est.)

Burkina Faso
1.9% (2003 est.)

Burma
49.7% (2003 est.)

Burundi
10.7% (2003 est.)

Cambodia
1.7% (2003 est.)

Cameroon
2.3% (2003 est.)

Canada
2.8% (2003 est.)

Cape Verde
3% (2003)

Cayman Islands
2.8% (2002)

Central African Republic
3.6% (2001 est.)

Chad
6% (2003 est.)

Chile
2.8% (2003 est.)

China
1.2% (2003 est.)

Christmas Island
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA

Colombia
7.1% (2003 est.)

Comoros
3.5% (2001 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
14% (2003 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
2.4% (2003 est.)

Cook Islands
3.2% (2000 est.)

Costa Rica
9.4% (2003 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
3.4% (2003 est.)

Croatia
1.8% (2003 est.)

Cuba
4.1% (2003 est.)

Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus: 4.1% (2003 est.); north Cyprus: 12.6%
(2003 est.)

Czech Republic
0.1% (2003 est.)

Denmark
2.1% (2003 est.)

Djibouti
2% (2002 est.)

Dominica
1% (2001 est.)

Dominican Republic
27.5% (2003 est.)

East Timor
8% NA (2003 est.)

Ecuador
7.9% (2003 est.)

Egypt
4.3% (2003 est.)

El Salvador
2.1% (2003 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
6% (2003 est.)

Eritrea
12.3% (2003)

Estonia
1.3% (2003 est.)

Ethiopia
17.8% (2003 est.)

European Union
2% (2004 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
3.6% (1998)

Faroe Islands
5.1% (1999)

Fiji
1.6% (2002 est.)

Finland
0.9% (2003 est.)

France
2.1% (2003 est.)

French Guiana
1.5% (2002 est.)

French Polynesia
1.5% (2002 est.)

Gabon
0.5% (2003 est.)

Gambia, The
14% (2003 est.)

Gaza Strip
2.2% (includes West Bank) (2001 est.)

Georgia
4.8% (2003 est.)

Germany
1.1% (2003 est.)

Ghana
26.7% (2003 est.)

Gibraltar
1.5% (1998)

Greece
3.6% (2003 est.)

Greenland
1.6% (1999 est.)

Grenada
2.8% (2001 est.)

Guadeloupe
NA (2003 est.)

Guam
0% (1999 est.)

Guatemala
5.5% (2003 est.)

Guernsey
4% (2000 est.)

Guinea
14.8% (2003 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
4% (2002 est.)

Guyana
5.7% (2003 est.)

Haiti
37.8% (2003 est.)

Honduras
7.7% (2003 est.)

Hong Kong
-2.6% (2003 est.)

Hungary
4.7% (2003 est.)

Iceland
2.1% (2003 est.)

India
3.8% (2003 est.)

Indonesia
6.6% (2003 est.)

Iran
16.4% (2003 est.)

Iraq
29.3% (2003 est.)

Ireland
3.5% (2003 est.)

Israel
0.7% (2003 est.)

Italy
2.7% (2003 est.)

Jamaica
10.3% (2003 est.)

Japan
-0.3% (2003 est.)

Jersey
4.7% (1998)

Jordan
2.4% (2003 est.)

Kazakhstan
6.6% (2003 est.)

Kenya
9.8% (2003 est.)

Kiribati
2.5% (2001 est.)

Korea, North
NA (2003 est.)

Korea, South
3.6% (2003 est.)

Kuwait
1.2% (2003 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
3.5% (2003 est.)

Laos
15.3% (2003 est.)

Latvia
2.9% (2003 est.)

Lebanon
2.5% (2003 est.)

Lesotho
6.1% (2003 est.)

Liberia
15% (2003 est.)

Libya
2.8% (2003 est.)

Liechtenstein
1% (2001)

Lithuania
-1.2% (2003 est.)

Luxembourg
2% (2003 est.)

Macau
-2.6% (2003 est.)

Macedonia
1.2% (2003 est.)

Madagascar
8% (2003 est.)

Malawi
9.5% (2003 est.)

Malaysia
1.1% (2003 est.)

Maldives
1% (2002 est.)

Mali
4.5% (2002 est.)

Malta
0.4% (2003 est.)

Man, Isle of
3.6% (March 2003 est.)

Marshall Islands
2% (2001 est.)

Martinique
3.9% (1990)

Mauritania
7% (2003 est.)

Mauritius
4.2% (2003 est.)

Mayotte
NA

Mexico
4.5% (2003 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
1% (2002 est.)

Moldova
11.6% (2003 est.)

Monaco
NA (2000)

Mongolia
1.5% (2002 est.)

Montserrat
2.6% (2002 est.)

Morocco
1.2% (2003 est.)

Mozambique
14% (2003 est.)

Namibia
7.3% (2003)

Nauru
-3.6% (1993)

Nepal
2.9% (2002 est.)

Netherlands
2.1% (2003 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
2.1% (2003 est.)

New Caledonia
-0.6% (2000 est.)

New Zealand
1.8% (2003 est.)

Nicaragua
5.3% (2003 est.)

Niger
3% (2002 est.)

Nigeria
13.8% (2003 est.)

Niue
1% (1995)

Norfolk Island
NA

Northern Mariana Islands
1.2% (1997 est.)

Norway
2.5% (2003 est.)

Oman
-0.3% (2003 est.)

Pakistan
2.9% (2003 est.)

Palau
3.4% (2000 est.)

Panama
1.4% (2003 est.)

Papua New Guinea
14.7% (2003 est.)

Paraguay
14.2% (2003 est.)

Peru
2.3% (2003 est.)

Philippines
3.1% (2003 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
NA

Poland
0.7% (2003 est.)

Portugal
3.3% (2003 est.)

Puerto Rico
6.5% (2003 est.)

Qatar
2.3% (2003)

Reunion
NA

Romania
15.3% (2003)

Russia
13.7% (2003 est.)

Rwanda
7.5% (2003 est.)

Saint Helena
3.2% (1997 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
1.7% (2001 est.)

Saint Lucia
3% (2001 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2.1% (1991-96 average)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
-0.4% (2001 est.)

Samoa
4% (2001 est.)

San Marino
3.3% (2001)

Sao Tome and Principe
9% (2003 est.)

Saudi Arabia
0.5% (2003 est.)

Senegal
0% (2003 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
11.2% (2003 est.)

Seychelles
3.3% (2003 est.)

Sierra Leone
1% (2002 est.)

Singapore
0.5% (2003 est.)

Slovakia
8.6% (2003 est.)

Slovenia
5.6% (2003 est.)

Solomon Islands
9% (2002 est.)

Somalia
note - businesses print their own money, so inflation rates
cannot be sensibly determined (2003 est.)

South Africa
5.9% (2003 est.)

Spain
3% (2003 est.)

Sri Lanka
6.3% (2003 est.)

Sudan
8.8% (2003 est.)

Suriname
17% (2002 est.)

Svalbard
NA

Swaziland
7.3% (2003 est.)

Sweden
1.9% (2003 est.)

Switzerland
0.6% (2003 est.)

Syria
1.5% (2003 est.)

Taiwan
-0.3% (2003 est.)

Tajikistan
16.3% (2003 est.)

Tanzania
4.4% (2003 est.)

Thailand
1.8% (2003 est.)

Togo
-1% (2003 est.)

Tokelau
NA

Tonga
10.3% (2002 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago
3.8% (2003 est.)

Tunisia
2.7% (2003 est.)

Turkey
25.3% (2003 est.)

Turkmenistan
9.5% (2003 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
4% (1995)

Tuvalu
5% (2000 est.)

Uganda
7.9% (2003 est.)

Ukraine
5.2% (2003 est.)

United Arab Emirates
3.2% (2003 est.)

United Kingdom
1.4% (2003 est.)

United States
2.3% (2003)

Uruguay
19.4% (2003 est.)

Uzbekistan
13.1% (2003 est.)

Vanuatu
2% (2002 est.)

Venezuela
31.1% (2003 est.)

Vietnam
3.1% (2003 est.)

Virgin Islands
2.2% (2003)

Wallis and Futuna
NA

West Bank
2.2% (includes Gaza Strip) (2001 est.)

Western Sahara
NA

World
developed countries 1% to 4% typically; developing countries
5% to 60% typically; national inflation rates vary widely in
individual cases, from declining prices in Japan to hyperinflation
in several Third World countries (2003 est.)

Yemen
10.8% (2003 est.)

Zambia
21.4% (2003 est.)

Zimbabwe
384.7% (2003 est.)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2093 Waterways (km)

Afghanistan 1,200 km note: chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels up to 500 DWT (2004)

Albania
43 km (2004)

Angola
1,300 km (2004)

Argentina
11,000 km (2004)

Australia
2,000 km (mainly used for recreation on Murray and
Murray-Darling river systems) (2004)

Austria
358 km (2003)

Bangladesh
8,372 km
note: includes 2,575 km main cargo routes (2004)

Belarus
2,500 km (use limited by location on perimeter of country
and by shallowness) (2003)

Belgium
2,043 km (1,528 km in regular commercial use) (2003)

Belize
825 km (navigable only by small craft) (2004)

Benin
150 km (on River Niger along northern border) (2004)

Bolivia
10,000 km (commercially navigable) (2004)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sava River (northern border) open to shipping
but use limited because of no agreement with neighboring countries
(2004)

Brazil
50,000 km (most in areas remote from industry and population)
(2004)

Brunei
209 km (navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m) (2004)

Bulgaria
470 km (2004)

Burma
12,800 km (2004)

Burundi
mainly on Lake Tanganyika (2004)

Cambodia
2,400 km (mainly on Mekong River) (2004)

Cameroon
navigation mainly on Benue River; limited during rainy
season (2004)

Canada
631 km
note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint
Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with United States (2003)

Central African Republic
2,800 km (primarily on the Oubangui and
Sangha rivers) (2004)

Chad
Chari and Legone rivers are navigable only in wet season (2002)

China
121,557 km (2002)

Colombia
9,187 km (2004)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the 15,000 km (navigation on the Congo curtailed by fighting) (2004)

Congo, Republic of the
4,385 km (on Congo and Oubanqui rivers) (2004)

Costa Rica
730 km (seasonally navigable by small craft) (2004)

Cote d'Ivoire
980 km (navigable rivers, canals, and numerous coastal
lagoons) (2003)

Croatia
785 km (2004)

Cuba
240 km (2004)

Czech Republic
664 km (on Elbe, Vlatava, and Oder rivers) (2004)

Denmark
417 km (2001)

Ecuador
1,500 km (most inaccessible) (2003)

Egypt
3,500 km
note: includes Nile River, Lake Nasser, Alexandria-Cairo Waterway,
and numerous smaller canals in delta; Suez Canal (193.5 km including
approaches) navigable by oceangoing vessels drawing up to 17.68 m
(2004)

El Salvador
Rio Lempa partially navigable (2004)

Estonia
500 km (2003)

European Union
53,512 km

Fiji
203 km
note: 122 km navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges
(2004)

Finland
7,842 km
note: includes Saimaa Canal system of 3,577 km; southern part leased
from Russia (2004)

France
8,500 km (1,686 km accessible to craft of 3,000 metric tons)
(2000)

French Guiana
3,760 km
note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and
river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft (2004)

Gabon
1,600 km (310 km on Ogooue River) (2003)

Gambia, The
390 km (on River Gambia; small ocean-going vessels can
reach 190 km) (2004)

Germany
7,300 km
note: Rhine River carries most goods; Main-Danube Canal links North
Sea and Black Sea (2004)

Ghana
1,293 km
note: 168 km for launches and lighters on Volta, Ankobra, and Tano
rivers; 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways on Lake Volta
(2003)

Greece
6 km
note: Corinth Canal (6 km) crosses the Isthmus of Corinth; shortens
sea voyage by 325 km (2004)

Guatemala
990 km
note: 260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable
during high-water season (2004)

Guinea
1,295 km (navigable by shallow-draft native craft) (2003)

Guinea-Bissau
4 largest rivers are navigable for some distance; many
inlets and creeks give shallow-water access to much of interior
(2004)

Guyana
1,077 km
note: Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by
oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km respectively (2004)

Honduras
465 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2004)

Hungary
1,622 km (most on Danube River) (2004)

India
14,500 km
note: 5,200 km on major rivers and 485 km on canals suitable for
mechanized vessels (2004)

Indonesia
21,579 km
note: Sumatra 5,471 km, Java and Madura 820 km, Kalimantan 10,460
km, Sulawesi (Celebes) 241 km, Irian Jaya 4,587 km (2004)

Iran
850 km (on Karun River and Lake Urmia) (2004)

Iraq
5,275 km (not all navigable)
note: Euphrates River (2,815 km), Tigris River (1,895 km), and Third
River (565 km) are principal waterways (2004)

Ireland
753 km (pleasure craft only) (2004)

Italy
2,400 km
note: used for commercial traffic; of limited overall value compared
to road and rail (2004)

Japan
1,770 km (seagoing vessels use inland seas) (2004)

Kazakhstan
4,000 km
note: on the Syr Darya (Syrdariya) and Ertis (Irtysh) rivers (2004)

Kenya
part of Lake Victoria system is within boundaries of Kenya
(2004)

Kiribati
5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2003)

Korea, North
2,250 km
note: most navigable only by small craft (2004)

Korea, South
1,608 km
note: most navigable only by small craft (2004)

Kyrgyzstan
600 km (2004)

Laos
4,600 km
note: primarily Mekong and tributaries; 2,897 additional km are
intermittently navigable by craft drawing less than 0.5 m (2003)

Latvia
300 km (2004)

Liechtenstein
28 km (2004)

Lithuania
600 km (2004)

Luxembourg
37 km (on Moselle River) (2003)

Madagascar
600 km (2004)

Malawi
700 km
note: on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire River (2003)

Malaysia
7,200 km
note: Peninsular Malaysia 3,200 km, Sabah 1,500 km, Sarawak 2,500 km
(2004)

Mali
1,815 km (2004)

Mauritania
some ferry traffic on Senegal River (2004)

Mexico 2,900 km note: navigable rivers and coastal canals (2004)

Moldova
424 km (2004)

Mongolia
580 km
note: only waterway in operation is Lake Khovsgol (135 km); Selenge
River (270 km) and Orkhon River (175 km) are navigable but carry
little traffic; lakes and rivers freeze in winter, are open from May
to September (2004)

Mozambique
460 km (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora
Bassa Lake) (2004)

Netherlands
5,046 km (navigable for ships of 50 tons) (2004)

Nicaragua
2,220 km (including lakes Managua and Nicaragua) (1997)

Niger
300 km
note: Niger River is navigable to Gaya between September and March
(2004)

Nigeria
8,600 km (Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and
creeks) (2004)

Panama
800 km (includes 82 km Panama Canal) (2004)

Papua New Guinea
10,940 km (2003)

Paraguay
3,100 km (2004)

Peru
8,808 km
note: 8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon system and 208 km
of Lago Titicaca (2004)

Philippines 3,219 km note: limited to vessels with draft less than 1.5 m (2004)

Poland
3,997 km (navigable rivers and canals) (2003)

Portugal
210 km (on Douro River from Porto) (2003)

Romania
1,731 km (2004)

Russia
96,000 km
note: 72,000 km system in European Russia links Baltic Sea, White
Sea, Caspian Sea, Sea of Azov, and Black Sea (2004)

Rwanda
Lac Kivu navigable by shallow-draft barges and native craft
(2004)

Senegal
1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance
rivers) (2003)

Serbia and Montenegro
587 km
note: Danube River traffic delayed by pontoon bridge at Novi Sad;
plan to replace by summer of 2005 (2004)

Sierra Leone
800 km (2003)

Slovakia
172 km (on Danube River) (2004)

Spain
1,045 km (2003)

Sri Lanka
160 km (primarily on rivers in southwest) (2004)

Sudan
4,068 km (1,723 km open year round on White and Blue Nile
rivers) (2004)

Suriname
1,200 km (most navigable by ships with drafts up to 7 m)
(2003)

Switzerland
65 km
note: Rhine River between Basel-Rheinfelden and
Schaffhausen-Bodensee, some canals, and 12 navigable lakes (2003)

Syria
900 km (not economically significant) (2002)

Tajikistan
200 km (along Vakhsh River) (2003)

Tanzania
Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, and Lake Nyasa principal
avenues of commerce with neighboring countries; rivers not navigable
(2004)

Thailand 4,000 km note: 3,701 km navigable by boats with drafts up to 0.9 m (2003)

Togo
50 km (seasonally on Mono River depending on rainfall) (2003)

Turkey
1,200 km (2003)

Turkmenistan
1,300 km (Amu Darya and Kara Kum canal important inland
waterways) (2003)

Uganda
300 km (on Lake Victoria, 200 km on Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga,
and parts of Albert Nile) (2004 est.)

Ukraine
1,672 km (most on Dnieper River) (2004)

United Kingdom
3,200 km (620 km used for commerce) (2004)

United States
41,009 km (19,312 km used for commerce)
note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint
Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with Canada (2004)

Uruguay
1,600 km (2002)

Uzbekistan
1,100 km (2004)

Venezuela
7,100 km
note: Orinoco River and Lake de Maracaibo navigable by oceangoing
vessels, Orinoco for 400 km (2004)

Vietnam
17,702 km (5,000 km navigable by vessels up to 1.8 m draft)
(2004)

Zambia
2,250 km
note: includes Lake Tanganyika and the Zambezi and Luapula rivers
(2003)

Zimbabwe
on Lake Kariba, length small (2003)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2094 Judicial branch

Afghanistan
the new constitution establishes a nine-member Stera
Mahkama or Supreme Court (its nine justices are appointed for
10-year terms by the president with approval of the Wolesi Jirga)
and subordinate High Courts and Appeals Courts; there is also a
Minister of Justice; a separate Afghan Independent Human Rights
Commission established by the Bonn Agreement is charged with
investigating human rights abuses and war crimes

Albania
Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (chairman is elected by
the People's Assembly for a four-year term), and multiple appeals
and district courts

Algeria
Supreme Court or Court Supreme

American Samoa
High Court (chief justice and associate justices are
appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)

Andorra
Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the
Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or
Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice
or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri
Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional

Angola
Supreme Court or Tribunal da Relacao (judges are appointed by
the president)

Anguilla
High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme
Court)

Antigua and Barbuda
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint
Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands
and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction)

Argentina
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (the nine Supreme Court
judges are appointed by the president with approval by the Senate)

Armenia
Constitutional Court; Court of Cassation (Appeals Court)

Aruba
Joint High Court of Justice (judges are appointed by the
monarch)

Australia
High Court (the chief justice and six other justices are
appointed by the governor general)

Austria
Supreme Judicial Court or Oberster Gerichtshof;
Administrative Court or Verwaltungsgerichtshof; Constitutional Court
or Verfassungsgerichtshof

Azerbaijan
Supreme Court

Bahamas, The
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; magistrates courts

Bahrain
High Civil Appeals Court

Bangladesh
Supreme Court (the chief justices and other judges are
appointed by the president)

Barbados
Supreme Court of Judicature (judges are appointed by the
Service Commissions for the Judicial and Legal Services)

Belarus
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president);
Constitutional Court (half of the judges appointed by the president
and half appointed by the Chamber of Representatives)

Belgium
Supreme Court of Justice or Hof van Cassatie (in Dutch) or
Cour de Cassation (in French) (judges are appointed for life by the
Government; candidacies have to be submitted by the High Justice
Council)

Belize
Supreme Court (the chief justice is appointed by the governor
general on the advice of the prime minister)

Benin
Constitutional Court or Cour Constitutionnelle; Supreme Court
or Cour Supreme; High Court of Justice

Bermuda
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts

Bhutan
Supreme Court of Appeal (the monarch); High Court (judges
appointed by the monarch)

Bolivia
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges appointed for 10-year
terms by National Congress); District Courts (one in each
department); provincial and local courts (to try minor cases)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
BiH Constitutional Court (consists of nine
members: four members are selected by the Bosniak/Croat Federation's
House of Representatives, two members by the Republika Srpska's
National Assembly, and three non-Bosnian members by the president of
the European Court of Human Rights); BiH State Court (consists of
nine judges and three divisions - Administrative, Appellate and
Criminal - having jurisdiction over cases related to state-level law
and appellate jurisdiction over cases initiated in the entities;
note - a War Crimes Chamber may be added at a future date)
note: the entities each have a Supreme Court; each entity also has a
number of lower courts; there are 10 cantonal courts in the
Federation, plus a number of municipal courts; the Republika Srpska
has five municipal courts

Botswana
High Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrates' Courts (one in
each district)

Brazil
Supreme Federal Tribunal (11 ministers are appointed for life
by the president and confirmed by the Senate); Higher Tribunal of
Justice; Regional Federal Tribunals (judges are appointed for life);
note - though appointed "for life," judges, like all federal
employees, have a mandatory retirement age of 70

British Virgin Islands
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting
of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal (one judge of
the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the
High Court); Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court; Court of Summary
Jurisdiction

Brunei
Supreme Court (chief justice and judges are sworn in by the
monarch for three-year terms)

Bulgaria
Supreme Administrative Court; Supreme Court of Cassation;
Constitutional Court (12 justices appointed or elected for nine-year
terms); Supreme Judicial Council (consists of the chairmen of the
two Supreme Courts, the Chief Prosecutor, and 22 other members;
responsible for appointing the justices, prosecutors, and
investigating magistrates in the justice system; members of the
Supreme Judicial Council elected for five-year terms, 11 elected by
the National Assembly and 11 by bodies of the judiciary)

Burkina Faso
Supreme Court; Appeals Court

Burma
remnants of the British-era legal system are in place, but
there is no guarantee of a fair public trial; the judiciary is not
independent of the executive

Burundi
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; Courts
of Appeal (there are three in separate locations); Tribunals of
First Instance (17 at the province level and 123 small local
tribunals)

Cambodia
Supreme Council of the Magistracy (provided for in the
constitution and formed in December 1997); Supreme Court (and lower
courts) exercises judicial authority

Cameroon
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); High
Court of Justice (consists of 9 judges and 6 substitute judges,
elected by the National Assembly)

Canada
Supreme Court of Canada (judges are appointed by the prime
minister through the governor general); Federal Court of Canada;
Federal Court of Appeal; Provincial Courts (these are named
variously Court of Appeal, Court of Queens Bench, Superior Court,
Supreme Court, and Court of Justice)

Cape Verde
Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia

Cayman Islands
Summary Court; Grand Court; Cayman Islands Court of
Appeal

Central African Republic
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme;
Constitutional Court (3 judges appointed by the president, 3 by the
president of the National Assembly, and 3 by fellow judges); Court
of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Inferior Courts

Chad
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Magistrate
Courts

Chile
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are appointed by the
president and ratified by the Senate from lists of candidates
provided by the court itself; the president of the Supreme Court is
elected by the 21-member court); Constitutional Tribunal

China
Supreme People's Court (judges appointed by the National
People's Congress); Local Peoples Courts (comprise higher,
intermediate and local courts); Special Peoples Courts (primarily
military, maritime, and railway transport courts)

Christmas Island
Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court

Colombia
four roughly coequal, supreme judicial organs; Supreme
Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (highest court of
criminal law; judges are selected by their peers from the nominees
of the Superior Judicial Council for eight-year terms); Council of
State (highest court of administrative law; judges are selected from
the nominees of the Superior Judicial Council for eight-year terms);
Constitutional Court (guards integrity and supremacy of the
constitution; rules on constitutionality of laws, amendments to the
constitution, and international treaties); Superior Judicial Council
(administers and disciplines the civilian judiciary; resolves
jurisdictional conflicts arising between other courts; members are
elected by three sister courts and Congress for eight-year terms)

Comoros
Supreme Court or Cour Supremes (two members appointed by the
president, two members elected by the Federal Assembly, one elected
by the Council of each island, and others are former presidents of
the republic)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Congo, Republic of the
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Cook Islands
High Court

Costa Rica
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (22 justices are elected
for eight-year terms by the Legislative Assembly)

Cote d'Ivoire
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme consists of four
chambers: Judicial Chamber for criminal cases, Audit Chamber for
financial cases, Constitutional Chamber for judicial review cases,
and Administrative Chamber for civil cases; there is no legal limit
to the number of members

Croatia
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court; judges for both courts
appointed for eight-year terms by the Judicial Council of the
Republic, which is elected by the Assembly

Cuba
People's Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo Popular (president,
vice president, and other judges are elected by the National
Assembly)

Cyprus
Supreme Court (judges are appointed jointly by the president
and vice president)
note: there is also a Supreme Court in north Cyprus

Czech Republic
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court; chairman and
deputy chairmen are appointed by the president for a 10-year term

Denmark
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch for life)

Djibouti
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Dominica
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of the Court of
Appeal and the High Court (located in Saint Lucia; one of the six
judges must reside in Dominica and preside over the Court of Summary
Jurisdiction)

Dominican Republic
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are
appointed by a the National Judicial Council comprised of the
President, the leaders of both chambers of congress, the President
of the Supreme Court, and an opposition or non-governing party
member)

East Timor
Supreme Court of Justice - constitution calls for one
judge to be appointed by National Parliament and rest appointed by
Superior Council for Judiciary; note - until Supreme Court is
established, Court of Appeals is highest court

Ecuador
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema; note - per the Constitution,
new justices are elected by the full Supreme Court; In December
2004, however, Congress successfully replaced the entire court via a
simple-majority resolution

Egypt
Supreme Constitutional Court

El Salvador
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by
the Legislative Assembly)

Equatorial Guinea
Supreme Tribunal

Eritrea
High Court - regional, subregional, and village courts; also
have military and special courts

Estonia
National Court (chairman appointed by Parliament for life)

Ethiopia
Federal Supreme Court (the president and vice president of
the Federal Supreme Court are recommended by the prime minister and
appointed by the House of People's Representatives; for other
federal judges, the prime minister submits to the House of People's
Representatives for appointment candidates selected by the Federal
Judicial Administrative Council)

European Union
European Court of Justice (ensures that the treaties
are interpreted and applied correctly) - 25 Justices (one from each
member state) appointed for a six-year term; note - for the sake of
efficiency, the court can sit with 11 justices known as the "Grand
Chamber"; Court of First Instance - 25 justices appointed for a
six-year term

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction

Faroe Islands
none

Fiji
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); Court of
Appeal; High Court; Magistrates' Courts

Finland
Supreme Court or Korkein Oikeus (judges appointed by the
president)

France
Supreme Court of Appeals or Cour de Cassation (judges are
appointed by the president from nominations of the High Council of
the Judiciary); Constitutional Council or Conseil Constitutionnel
(three members appointed by the president, three appointed by the
president of the National Assembly, and three appointed by the
president of the Senate); Council of State or Conseil d'Etat

French Guiana
Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court
based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe,
and French Guiana)

French Polynesia
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Court of the First
Instance or Tribunal de Premiere Instance; Court of Administrative
Law or Tribunal Administratif

Gabon
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme consisting of three chambers -
Judicial, Administrative, and Accounts; Constitutional Court; Courts
of Appeal; Court of State Security; County Courts

Gambia, The
Supreme Court

Georgia
Supreme Court (judges elected by the Supreme Council on the
president's recommendation); Constitutional Court; first and second
instance courts

Germany
Federal Constitutional Court or Bundesverfassungsgericht
(half the judges are elected by the Bundestag and half by the
Bundesrat)

Ghana
Supreme Court

Gibraltar
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal

Greece
Supreme Judicial Court; Special Supreme Tribunal; all judges
appointed for life by the president after consultation with a
judicial council

Greenland
High Court or Landsret (appeals can be made to the Ostre
Landsret or Eastern Division of the High Court or Supreme Court in
Copenhagen)

Grenada
West Indies Associate States Supreme Court (an associate
judge resides in Grenada)

Guadeloupe
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel with jurisdiction over
Guadeloupe, French Guiana, and Martinique

Guam
Federal District Court (judge is appointed by the president);
Territorial Superior Court (judges appointed for eight-year terms by
the governor)

Guatemala
Constitutional Court or Corte de Constitutcionalidad is
Guatemala's highest court (five judges are elected for concurrent
five-year terms by Congress, each serving one year as president of
the Constitutional Court; one is elected by Congress, one elected by
the Supreme Court of Justice, one appointed by the President, one
elected by Superior Counsel of Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala,
and one by Colegio de Abogados); Supreme Court of Justice or Corte
Suprema de Justicia (thirteen members serve concurrent five-year
terms and elect a president of the Court each year from among their
number; the president of the Supreme Court of Justice also
supervises trial judges around the country, who are named to
five-year terms)

Guernsey
Royal Court

Guinea
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel

Guinea-Bissau
Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal da Justica (consists
of nine justices who are appointed by the president and serve at his
pleasure; final court of appeals in criminal and civil cases);
Regional Courts (one in each of nine regions; first court of appeals
for Sectoral Court decisions; hear all felony cases and civil cases
valued at over $1,000); 24 Sectoral Courts (judges are not
necessarily trained lawyers; they hear civil cases under $1,000 and
misdemeanor criminal cases)

Guyana
Supreme Court of Judicature; Judicial Court of Appeal; High
Court

Haiti
Supreme Court or Cour de Cassation

Holy See (Vatican City)
there are three tribunals responsible for
civil and criminal matters within Vatican City; three other
tribunals rule on issues pertaining to the Holy See
note: judicial duties were established by the Motu Proprio of Pius
XII on 1 May 1946

Honduras
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia
(judges are elected for seven-year terms by the National Congress)

Hong Kong
Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region

Hungary
Constitutional Court (judges are elected by the National
Assembly for nine-year terms)

Iceland
Supreme Court or Haestirettur (justices are appointed for
life by the Minister of Justice); eight district courts (justices
are appointed for life by the Minister of Justice)

India
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president and
remain in office until they reach the age of 65)

Indonesia
Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung (justices appointed by the
president from a list of candidates approved by the legislature); a
separate Constitutional Court or Makhama Konstitusi was invested by
the president on 16 August 2003; in March 2004 the Supreme Court
assumed administrative and financial responsibility for the lower
court system from the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights

Iran
Supreme Court - above a special clerical court, a revolutionary
court, and a special administrative court

Iraq
Supreme Court appointed by the Prime Minister, confirmed by the
Presidency Council

Ireland
Supreme Court (judges appointed by the president on the
advice of the prime minister and cabinet)

Israel
Supreme Court (justices appointed for life by the president)

Italy
Constitutional Court or Corte Costituzionale (composed of 15
judges: one-third appointed by the president, one-third elected by
Parliament, one-third elected by the ordinary and administrative
Supreme Courts)

Jamaica
Supreme Court (judges appointed by the governor general on
the advice of the prime minister); Court of Appeal

Japan
Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the monarch after
designation by the cabinet; all other justices are appointed by the
cabinet)

Jersey
Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the
bailiff)

Jordan
Court of Cassation; Supreme Court (court of final appeal)

Kazakhstan
Supreme Court (44 members); Constitutional Council (7
members)

Kenya
Court of Appeal (chief justice is appointed by the president);
High Court

Kiribati
Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges
at all levels are appointed by the president

Korea, North
Central Court (judges are elected by the Supreme
People's Assembly)

Korea, South
Supreme Court (justices appointed by president with
consent of National Assembly); Constitutional Court (justices
appointed by president based partly on nominations by National
Assembly and Chief Justice of the court)

Kuwait
High Court of Appeal

Kyrgyzstan
Supreme Court (judges are appointed for 10-year terms by
the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president);
Constitutional Court; Higher Court of Arbitration

Laos
People's Supreme Court (the president of the People's Supreme
Court is elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of
the National Assembly Standing Committee; the vice president of the
People's Supreme Court and the judges are appointed by the National
Assembly Standing Committee)

Latvia
Supreme Court (judges' appointments are confirmed by
Parliament)

Lebanon
four Courts of Cassation (three courts for civil and
commercial cases and one court for criminal cases); Constitutional
Council (called for in Ta'if Accord - rules on constitutionality of
laws); Supreme Council (hears charges against the president and
prime minister as needed)

Lesotho
High Court (chief justice appointed by the monarch); Court
of Appeal; Magistrate's Court; customary or traditional court

Liberia
Supreme Court

Libya
Supreme Court

Liechtenstein
Supreme Court or Oberster Gerichtshof; Court of Appeal
or Obergericht

Lithuania
Constitutional Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal;
judges for all courts appointed by the President

Luxembourg
judicial courts and tribunals (3 Justices of the Peace, 2
district courts, and 1 Supreme Court of Appeals); administrative
courts and tribunals (State Prosecutor's Office, administrative
courts and tribunals, and the Constitutional Court); judges for all
courts are appointed for life by the monarch

Macau
The Court of Final Appeal in the Macau Special Administrative
Region

Macedonia
Supreme Court - the Assembly appoints the judges;
Constitutional Court - the Assembly appoints the judges; Republican
Judicial Council - the Assembly appoints the judges

Madagascar
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; High Constitutional Court
or Haute Cour Constitutionnelle

Malawi
Supreme Court of Appeal; High Court (chief justice appointed
by the president, puisne judges appointed on the advice of the
Judicial Service Commission); magistrate's courts

Malaysia
Federal Court (judges appointed by the paramount ruler on
the advice of the prime minister)

Maldives
High Court

Mali
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Malta
Constitutional Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts
are appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister

Man, Isle of
High Court of Justice (justices are appointed by the
Lord Chancellor of England on the nomination of the lieutenant
governor)

Marshall Islands
Supreme Court; High Court

Martinique
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel

Mauritania
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Court of Appeals; lower
courts

Mauritius
Supreme Court

Mayotte
Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel

Mexico
Supreme Court of Justice or Suprema Corte de Justicia
Nacional (justices or ministros are appointed by the president with
consent of the Senate)

Micronesia, Federated States of
Supreme Court

Moldova
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court (the sole authority for
constitutional judicature)

Monaco
Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the
monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)

Mongolia
Supreme Court (serves as appeals court for people's and
provincial courts but rarely overturns verdicts of lower courts;
judges are nominated by the General Council of Courts and approved
by the president)

Montserrat
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia,
one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and
presides over the High Court)

Morocco
Supreme Court (judges are appointed on the recommendation of
the Supreme Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the monarch)

Mozambique
Supreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of its
professional judges are appointed by the president and some are
elected by the Assembly); other courts include an Administrative
Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts
note: although the constitution provides for the creation of a
separate Constitutional Court, one has never been established; in
its absence the Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases

Namibia
Supreme Court (judges appointed by the president on the
recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission)

Nauru
Supreme Court

Nepal
Supreme Court or Sarbochha Adalat (chief justice is appointed
by the monarch on recommendation of the Constitutional Council; the
other judges are appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of
the Judicial Council)

Netherlands
Supreme Court or Hoge Raad (justices are nominated for
life by the monarch)

Netherlands Antilles
Joint High Court of Justice (judges appointed
by the monarch)

New Caledonia
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint
Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court

New Zealand
High Court; Court of Appeal

Nicaragua
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (16 judges elected for
five-year terms by the National Assembly)

Niger
State Court or Cour d'Etat; Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel

Nigeria
Supreme Court (judges appointed by the President); Federal
Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government on
the advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee)

Niue
Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue

Norfolk Island
Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions

Northern Mariana Islands
Commonwealth Supreme Court; Superior Court;
Federal District Court

Norway
Supreme Court or Hoyesterett (justices appointed by the
monarch)

Oman
Supreme Court
note: the nascent civil court system, administered by region, has
judges who practice secular and Sharia (Islamic) law

Pakistan
Supreme Court (justices appointed by the president);
Federal Islamic or Shari'a Court

Palau
Supreme Court; National Court; Court of Common Pleas

Panama
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (nine
judges appointed for 10-year terms); five superior courts; three
courts of appeal

Papua New Guinea
Supreme Court (the chief justice is appointed by
the governor general on the proposal of the National Executive
Council after consultation with the minister responsible for
justice; other judges are appointed by the Judicial and Legal
Services Commission)

Paraguay
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia
(judges appointed on the proposal of the Council of Magistrates or
Consejo de la Magistratura)

Peru
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges
are appointed by the National Council of the Judiciary)

Philippines
Supreme Court (15 justices are appointed by the
president on the recommendation of the Judicial and Bar Council and
serve until 70 years of age); Court of Appeals; Sandigan-bayan
(special court for hearing corruption cases of government officials)

Pitcairn Islands
Island Court (island magistrate, appointed by the
governor, presides over the court)

Poland
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president on the
recommendation of the National Council of the Judiciary for an
indefinite period); Constitutional Tribunal (judges are chosen by
the Sejm for nine-year terms)

Portugal
Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (judges
appointed for life by the Conselho Superior da Magistratura)

Puerto Rico
Supreme Court; Appellate Court; Court of First Instance
composed of two sections: a Superior Court and a Municipal Court
(justices for all these courts appointed by the governor with the
consent of the Senate)

Qatar
Court of Appeal
note: under the new judiciary law issued in 2003, the former two
court systems, civil and Islamic law, have been merged under a
higher court, the Court of Cassation, to be established for appeals

Reunion
Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel

Romania
Supreme Court of Justice (judges are appointed by the
president on the recommendation of the Superior Council of
Magistrates)

Russia
Constitutional Court; Supreme Court; Superior Court of
Arbitration; judges for all courts are appointed for life by the
Federation Council on the recommendation of the president

Rwanda
Supreme Court; communal courts; appeals courts

Saint Helena
Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court;
Juvenile Court

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on
Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Kitts
and Nevis)

Saint Lucia
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (jurisdiction extends to
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the British Virgin Islands, Dominica,
Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal
Superieur d'Appel

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court
(based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)

Samoa
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Land and Titles Court

San Marino
Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII

Sao Tome and Principe
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the
National Assembly)

Saudi Arabia
Supreme Council of Justice

Senegal
Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final
Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals; note - the judicial
system was reformed in 1992

Serbia and Montenegro
The Court of Serbia and Montenegro; judges are
elected by the Serbia and Montenegro Parliament for six-year terms
note: since the promulgation of the 2003 Constitution, the Federal
Court has constitutional and administrative functions; it has an
equal number of judges from each republic

Seychelles
Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts
are appointed by the president

Sierra Leone
Supreme Court; Appeals Court; High Court

Singapore
Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president
with the advice of the prime minister, other judges are appointed by
the president with the advice of the chief justice); Court of Appeals

Slovakia
Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Council);
Constitutional Court (judges appointed by president from group of
nominees approved by the National Council)

Slovenia
Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly
on the recommendation of the Judicial Council); Constitutional Court
(judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and
nominated by the president)

Solomon Islands
Court of Appeal

Somalia
following the breakdown of national government, most regions
have reverted to either Islamic (Shari'a) law with a provision for
appeal of all sentences, or traditional clan-based arbitration

South Africa
Constitutional Court; Supreme Court of Appeals; High
Courts; Magistrate Courts

Spain
Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo

Sri Lanka
Supreme Court; Court of Appeals; judges for both courts
are appointed by the president

Sudan
Supreme Court; Special Revolutionary Courts

Suriname
Court of Justice (justices are nominated for life)

Swaziland
High Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts are
appointed by the monarch

Sweden
Supreme Court or Hogsta Domstolen (judges are appointed by
the prime minister and the cabinet)

Switzerland
Federal Supreme Court (judges elected for six-year terms
by the Federal Assembly)

Syria
Supreme Constitutional Court (justices are appointed for
four-year terms by the president); High Judicial Council; Court of
Cassation; State Security Courts

Taiwan
Judicial Yuan (justices appointed by the president with
consent of the Legislative Yuan)

Tajikistan
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president)

Tanzania
Permanent Commission of Enquiry (official ombudsman); Court
of Appeal (consists of a chief justice and four judges); High Court
(consists of a Jaji Kiongozi and 29 judges appointed by the
president; holds regular sessions in all regions); District Courts;
Primary Courts (limited jurisdiction and appeals can be made to the
higher courts)

Thailand
Supreme Court or Sandika (judges appointed by the monarch)

Togo
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Tokelau
Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal
jurisdiction in Tokelau

Tonga
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch); Court of
Appeal (consists of the Privy Council with the addition of the chief
justice of the Supreme Court)

Trinidad and Tobago
Supreme Court of Judicature (comprised of the
High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeals; the chief justice is
appointed by the president after consultation with the prime
minister and the leader of the opposition; other justices are
appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and Legal
Service Commission); High Court of Justice; Court of Appeals; the
highest court of appeal is the Privy Council in London

Tunisia
Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation

Turkey
Constitutional Court; High Court of Appeals (Yargitay);
Council of State (Danistay); Court of Accounts (Sayistay); Military
High Court of Appeals; Military High Administrative Court

Turkmenistan
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president)

Turks and Caicos Islands
Supreme Court

Tuvalu
High Court (a chief justice visits twice a year to preside
over its sessions; its rulings can be appealed to the Court of
Appeal in Fiji); eight Island Courts (with limited jurisdiction)

Uganda
Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the president and
approved by the legislature); High Court (judges are appointed by
the president)

Ukraine
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court

United Arab Emirates
Union Supreme Court (judges are appointed by
the president)

United Kingdom
House of Lords (highest court of appeal; several
Lords of Appeal in Ordinary are appointed by the monarch for life);
Supreme Courts of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland (comprising
the Courts of Appeal, the High Courts of Justice, and the Crown
Courts); Scotland's Court of Session and Court of the Justiciary

United States
Supreme Court (its nine justices are appointed for
life on condition of good behavior by the president with
confirmation by the Senate); United States Courts of Appeal; United
States District Courts; State and County Courts

Uruguay
Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and
elected for 10-year terms by the General Assembly)

Uzbekistan
Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and
confirmed by the Supreme Assembly)

Vanuatu
Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president
after consultation with the prime minister and the leader of the
opposition, three other justices are appointed by the president on
the advice of the Judicial Service Commission)

Venezuela
Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Tribuna Suprema de Justicia
(magistrates are elected by the National Assembly for a single
12-year term)

Vietnam
Supreme People's Court (chief justice is elected for a
five-year term by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the
president)

Virgin Islands
US District Court of the Virgin Islands (under Third
Circuit jurisdiction); Territorial Court (judges appointed by the
governor for 10-year terms)

Wallis and Futuna
none; justice generally administered under French
law by the high administrator, but the three traditional kings
administer customary law and there is a magistrate in Mata-Utu

Yemen
Supreme Court

Zambia
Supreme Court (the final court of appeal; justices are
appointed by the president); High Court (has unlimited jurisdiction
to hear civil and criminal cases)

Zimbabwe
Supreme Court; High Court

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2095 Labor force

Afghanistan
11.8 million (2001 est.)

Albania
1.35 million (not including 352,000 emigrant workers) (2003
est.)

Algeria
9.6 million (2003)

American Samoa
14,000 (1996)

Andorra
33,000 (2001 est.)

Angola
5.57 million (2003 est.)

Anguilla
6,049 (2001)

Antigua and Barbuda
30,000

Argentina
14.92 million (2003)

Armenia
1.4 million (2001)

Aruba
41,500 (1997 est.)

Australia
10.19 million (37256)

Austria
3.425 million (2003)

Azerbaijan
4.99 million (2003)

Bahamas, The
156,000 (1999)

Bahrain
350,000
note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national
(2003 est.)

Bangladesh
64.02 million
note: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman,
Qatar, and Malaysia; workers' remittances estimated at $1.71 billion
in 1998-99 (2003)

Barbados
128,500 (2001 est.)

Belarus
4.8 million (2000 est.)

Belgium
4.73 million (2003)

Belize
90,000
note: shortage of skilled labor and all types of technical personnel
(2001 est.)

Benin
NA (1996)

Bermuda
37,470 (2000)

Bhutan
NA
note: massive lack of skilled labor (1997 est.)

Bolivia
4.1 million (2003)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
1.026 million (2001)

Botswana
264,000 formal sector employees (2000)

Brazil
82.59 million (2003 est.)

British Virgin Islands
4,911 (1980)

Brunei
143,400
note: includes foreign workers and military personnel; temporary
residents make up about 40% of labor force (1999 est.)

Bulgaria
3.333 million (2003 est.)

Burkina Faso
5 million
note: a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to
neighboring countries for seasonal employment (2003)

Burma
22.14 million (2003 est.)

Burundi
2.99 million (2002)

Cambodia
7 million (2003 est.)

Cameroon
6.49 million NA (2003)

Canada
17.04 million (2003 est.)

Cape Verde
NA (1980)

Cayman Islands
19,820 (1995)

Central African Republic
NA (2000 est.)

Chad
NA (2002)

Chile
6 million (2003 est.)

China
778.1 million (2003 est.)

Christmas Island
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA

Colombia
20.34 million (2003 est.)

Comoros
144,500 (1996 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
14.51 million (1993 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
NA (2000 est.)

Cook Islands
8,000 (1996)

Costa Rica
1.758 million (2003)

Cote d'Ivoire
6.64 million 68% agricultural (2003)

Croatia
1.69 million (2003)

Cuba
4.58 million
note: state sector 78%, non-state sector 22% (2003 est.)

Cyprus
330,000 Republic of Cyprus: 306,000; north Cyprus: 95,025
(2003)

Czech Republic
5.25 million (2003 est.)

Denmark
2.863 million (2003 est.)

Djibouti
282,000 (2000)

Dominica
25,000 (1999 est.)

Dominican Republic
2.3 million - 2.6 million (2000 est.)

East Timor
NA

Ecuador
4.36 million (urban) (2003)

Egypt
20.19 million (2003 est.)

El Salvador
2.62 million (2003)

Equatorial Guinea
NA (October 2000)

Eritrea
NA (1999)

Estonia
654,000 (2003 est.)

Ethiopia
NA (2001 est.)

European Union
211.1 million

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
1,100 (est.)

Faroe Islands
24,250 (October 2000)

Fiji
137,000 (1999)

Finland
2.599 million (2003 est.)

France
27.39 million (2003 est.)

French Guiana
58,800 (1997)

French Polynesia
70,000 (1996)

Gabon
610,000 (2003)

Gambia, The
400,000 (1996)

Gaza Strip
NA (1997)

Georgia
2.1 million (2001 est.)

Germany
42.63 million (2003)

Ghana
10 million (2003 est.)

Gibraltar
14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) (1999)

Greece
4.39 million (2003 est.)

Greenland
24,500 (1999 est.)

Grenada
42,300 (1996)

Guadeloupe
125,900 (1997)

Guam
60,000 (2000 est.)

Guatemala
3.84 million (2003 est.)

Guernsey
31,320 (2000)

Guinea
3 million (1999)

Guinea-Bissau
480,000 (1999)

Guyana
418,000 (2001 est.)

Haiti
3.6 million
note: shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1995)

Holy See (Vatican City)
NA

Honduras
2.41 million (2003 est.)

Hong Kong
3.5 million (2003 est.)

Hungary
4.164 million (2003)

Iceland
160,000 (2003)

India
472 million (2003)

Indonesia
105.7 million (2003)

Iran
22.32 million
note: shortage of skilled labor (2003 est.)

Iraq
7.8 million (2004 est.)

Ireland
1.871 million (2003)

Israel
2.61 million (2003 est.)

Italy
24.15 million (2003 est.)

Jamaica
1.13 million (2003)

Japan
66.66 million (2003)

Jersey
57,050 (1996)

Jordan
1.36 million (2003)

Kazakhstan
7.634 million (2003)

Kenya
11.45 million (2003 est.)

Kiribati
7,870 economically active, not including subsistence
farmers (2001 est.)

Korea, North
9.6 million

Korea, South
22.92 million (2003)

Kuwait
1.38 million
note: non-Kuwaitis represent about 80% of the labor force. (2003
est.)

Kyrgyzstan
2.7 million (2000)

Laos
2.6 million (2001 est.)

Latvia
1.18 million (2003 est.)

Lebanon
1.5 million
note: in addition, there are as many as 1 million foreign workers
(2001 est.)

Lesotho
838,000 (2000)

Libya
1.51 million (2003 est.)

Liechtenstein
29,000 of whom 19,000 are foreigners; 13,000 commute
from Austria, Switzerland, and Germany to work each day (31 December
2001)

Lithuania
1.642 million (2003 est.)

Luxembourg
200,000 (of whom 87,400 are foreign cross-border workers
primarily from France, Belgium, and Germany) (2003)

Macau
214,000 (2002)

Macedonia
860,000 (2003 est.)

Madagascar
7.3 million (2000)

Malawi
4.5 million (2001 est.)

Malaysia
10.26 million (2003 est.)

Maldives
88,000 (2000)

Mali
3.93 million (2001 est.)

Malta
160,000 (2002 est.)

Man, Isle of
36,610 (1998)

Marshall Islands
28,700 (1996 est.)

Martinique
165,900 (1998)

Mauritania
786,000 (2001)

Mauritius
560,000 (2003)

Mayotte
48,800 (2000)

Mexico
34.11 million (2003)

Micronesia, Federated States of
NA (2000 est.)

Moldova
1.383 million (2003)

Monaco
30,540 (January 1994)

Mongolia
1.4 million (2001)

Montserrat
4,521 ; note - lowered by flight of people from volcanic
activity (2000 est.)

Morocco
10.84 million (2003)

Mozambique
9.2 million (2000 est.)

Namibia
760,000 (2003)

Nepal 10 million note: severe lack of skilled labor (1996 est.)

Netherlands
7.46 million (2003)

Netherlands Antilles
89,000 (2000)

New Caledonia
79,400 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996)

New Zealand
2.008 million (2003 est.)

Nicaragua
1.91 million (2003)

Niger
70,000 receive regular wages or salaries (2002 est.)

Nigeria
54.36 million (2003 est.)

Niue
NA (1998 est.)

Norfolk Island
NA

Northern Mariana Islands 6,006 total indigenous labor force; 2,699 unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers (June 1995)

Norway
2.38 million (2003 est.)

Oman
920,000 (2002 est.)

Pakistan
43.98 million
note: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and use
of child labor (2003)

Palau
9,845 (2000)

Panama
1.19 million
note: shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilled
labor (2003 est.)

Papua New Guinea
3.25 million (2003)

Paraguay
2.15 million (2003 est.)

Peru
8.63 million (2003 est.)

Philippines
34.56 million (2003)

Pitcairn Islands
12 able-bodied men (1997)

Poland
16.92 million (2003 est.)

Portugal
5.409 million (2003)

Puerto Rico
1.3 million (2000)

Qatar
140,000 (2003 est.)

Reunion
309,900 (2000)

Romania
9.28 million (2003 est.)

Russia
71.68 million (2003 est.)

Rwanda
4.6 million (2000)

Saint Helena 3,500 note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
18,170 (June 1995)

Saint Lucia
43,800 (2001 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
3,261 (1999)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
67,000 (1984 est.)

Samoa
90,000 (2000 est.)

San Marino
18,500 (1999)

Sao Tome and Principe
NA

Saudi Arabia
6.43 million
note: more than 35% of the population in the 15-64 age group is
non-national (2003)

Senegal
4.62 million NA (2003)

Serbia and Montenegro
2.93 million (2003 est.)

Seychelles
30,900 (1996)

Sierra Leone
1.369 million (1981 est.)

Singapore
2.2 million (2003)

Slovakia
2.58 million (2003)

Slovenia
875,000 (2003)

Solomon Islands
26,840 (1999)

Somalia
3.7 million (very few are skilled laborers)

South Africa
16.35 million economically active (2003)

Spain
18.82 million (2003)

Sri Lanka
7.17 million (2003)

Sudan
11 million (1996 est.)

Suriname
100,000

Svalbard
NA

Swaziland
383,200 (2000)

Sweden
4.449 million (2003 est.)

Switzerland
3.72 million (2003)

Syria
4.97 million (2003 est.)

Taiwan
10.08 million (2003)

Tajikistan
3.187 million (2000)

Tanzania
18.56 million (2003)

Thailand
34.9 million (2003 est.)

Togo
1.74 million (1996)

Tokelau
NA

Tonga
33,910 (1996)

Trinidad and Tobago
590,000 (2003)

Tunisia
3.461 million
note: shortage of skilled labor (2003 est.)

Turkey
23.79 million
note: about 1.2 million Turks work abroad (2003)

Turkmenistan
2.34 million (1996)

Turks and Caicos Islands
4,848 (1990 est.)

Tuvalu
7,000 (2001 est.)

Uganda
12.09 million (2003 est.)

Ukraine
21.29 million (2003)

United Arab Emirates
2.16 million
note: 73.9% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national
(2003)

United Kingdom
29.6 million (2003)

United States
147.4 million (includes unemployed) (2003)

Uruguay
1.56 million (2003)

Uzbekistan
14.2 million (2003 est.)

Vanuatu
NA

Venezuela
11.38 million (2003)

Vietnam
45.74 million (2003 est.)

Virgin Islands
48,900 (2003 est.)

Wallis and Futuna
NA

West Bank
NA

Western Sahara
12,000

World
NA

Yemen
5.79 million (2003 est.)

Zambia
4.59 million (2003)

Zimbabwe
4.17 million (2003 est.)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2096 Land boundaries (km)

Afghanistan
total: 5,529 km
border countries: China 76 km, Iran 936 km, Pakistan 2,430 km,
Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km

Albania
total: 720 km
border countries: Greece 282 km, Macedonia 151 km, Serbia and
Montenegro 287 km

Algeria
total: 6,343 km
border countries: Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km,
Morocco 1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km

American Samoa
0 km

Andorra
total: 120.3 km
border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km

Angola
total: 5,198 km
border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,511 km (of
which 225 km is the boundary of discontiguous Cabinda Province),
Republic of the Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zambia 1,110 km

Anguilla
0 km

Antarctica 0 km note: see entry on Disputes - international

Antigua and Barbuda
0 km

Argentina
total: 9,665 km
border countries: Bolivia 832 km, Brazil 1,224 km, Chile 5,150 km,
Paraguay 1,880 km, Uruguay 579 km

Armenia
total: 1,254 km
border countries: Azerbaijan-proper 566 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan
exclave 221 km, Georgia 164 km, Iran 35 km, Turkey 268 km

Aruba
0 km

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
0 km

Australia
0 km

Austria
total: 2,562 km
border countries: Czech Republic 362 km, Germany 784 km, Hungary 366
km, Italy 430 km, Liechtenstein 35 km, Slovakia 91 km, Slovenia 330
km, Switzerland 164 km

Azerbaijan
total: 2,013 km
border countries: Armenia (with Azerbaijan-proper) 566 km, Armenia
(with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave) 221 km, Georgia 322 km, Iran
(with Azerbaijan-proper) 432 km, Iran (with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan
exclave) 179 km, Russia 284 km, Turkey 9 km

Bahamas, The
0 km

Bahrain
0 km

Baker Island
0 km

Bangladesh total: 4,246 km border countries: Burma 193 km, India 4,053 km

Barbados
0 km

Bassas da India
0 km

Belarus
total: 2,900 km
border countries: Latvia 141 km, Lithuania 502 km, Poland 407 km,
Russia 959 km, Ukraine 891 km

Belgium
total: 1,385 km
border countries: France 620 km, Germany 167 km, Luxembourg 148 km,
Netherlands 450 km

Belize
total: 516 km
border countries: Guatemala 266 km, Mexico 250 km

Benin
total: 1,989 km
border countries: Burkina Faso 306 km, Niger 266 km, Nigeria 773 km,
Togo 644 km

Bermuda
0 km

Bhutan
total: 1,075 km
border countries: China 470 km, India 605 km

Bolivia
total: 6,743 km
border countries: Argentina 832 km, Brazil 3,400 km, Chile 861 km,
Paraguay 750 km, Peru 900 km

Bosnia and Herzegovina
total: 1,459 km
border countries: Croatia 932 km, Serbia and Montenegro 527 km

Botswana
total: 4,013 km
border countries: Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe
813 km

Bouvet Island
0 km

Brazil
total: 14,691 km
border countries: Argentina 1,224 km, Bolivia 3,400 km, Colombia
1,643 km, French Guiana 673 km, Guyana 1,119 km, Paraguay 1,290 km,
Peru 1,560 km, Suriname 597 km, Uruguay 985 km, Venezuela 2,200 km

British Indian Ocean Territory
0 km

British Virgin Islands
0 km

Brunei
total: 381 km
border countries: Malaysia 381 km

Bulgaria
total: 1,808 km
border countries: Greece 494 km, Macedonia 148 km, Romania 608 km,
Serbia and Montenegro 318 km, Turkey 240 km

Burkina Faso
total: 3,193 km
border countries: Benin 306 km, Cote d'Ivoire 584 km, Ghana 549 km,
Mali 1,000 km, Niger 628 km, Togo 126 km

Burma
total: 5,876 km
border countries: Bangladesh 193 km, China 2,185 km, India 1,463 km,
Laos 235 km, Thailand 1,800 km

Burundi
total: 974 km
border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda
290 km, Tanzania 451 km

Cambodia
total: 2,572 km
border countries: Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km

Cameroon
total: 4,591 km
border countries: Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km,
Republic of the Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298
km, Nigeria 1,690 km

Canada total: 8,893 km border countries: US 8,893 km (includes 2,477 km with Alaska)

Cape Verde
0 km

Cayman Islands
0 km

Central African Republic
total: 5,203 km
border countries: Cameroon 797 km, Chad 1,197 km, Democratic
Republic of the Congo 1,577 km, Republic of the Congo 467 km, Sudan
1,165 km

Chad
total: 5,968 km
border countries: Cameroon 1,094 km, Central African Republic 1,197
km, Libya 1,055 km, Niger 1,175 km, Nigeria 87 km, Sudan 1,360 km

Chile
total: 6,171 km
border countries: Argentina 5,150 km, Bolivia 861 km, Peru 160 km

China
total: 22,117 km
border countries: Afghanistan 76 km, Bhutan 470 km, Burma 2,185 km,
India 3,380 km, Kazakhstan 1,533 km, North Korea 1,416 km,
Kyrgyzstan 858 km, Laos 423 km, Mongolia 4,677 km, Nepal 1,236 km,
Pakistan 523 km, Russia (northeast) 3,605 km, Russia (northwest) 40
km, Tajikistan 414 km, Vietnam 1,281 km
regional borders: Hong Kong 30 km, Macau 0.34 km

Christmas Island
0 km

Clipperton Island
0 km

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
0 km

Colombia
total: 6,004 km
border countries: Brazil 1,643 km, Ecuador 590 km, Panama 225 km,
Peru 1,496 km (est.), Venezuela 2,050 km

Comoros
0 km

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
total: 10,730 km
border countries: Angola 2,511 km (of which 225 km is the boundary
of Angola's discontiguous Cabinda Province), Burundi 233 km, Central
African Republic 1,577 km, Republic of the Congo 2,410 km, Rwanda
217 km, Sudan 628 km, Tanzania 459 km, Uganda 765 km, Zambia 1,930 km

Congo, Republic of the
total: 5,504 km
border countries: Angola 201 km, Cameroon 523 km, Central African
Republic 467 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,410 km, Gabon
1,903 km

Cook Islands
0 km

Coral Sea Islands
0 km

Costa Rica
total: 639 km
border countries: Nicaragua 309 km, Panama 330 km

Cote d'Ivoire
total: 3,110 km
border countries: Burkina Faso 584 km, Ghana 668 km, Guinea 610 km,
Liberia 716 km, Mali 532 km

Croatia
total: 2,197 km
border countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina 932 km, Hungary 329 km,
Serbia and Montenegro (north) 241 km, Serbia and Montenegro (south)
25 km, Slovenia 670 km

Cuba
total: 29 km
border countries: US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay 29 km
note: Guantanamo Naval Base is leased by the US and thus remains
part of Cuba

Cyprus
NA; boundaries with Akrotiri and Dhekelia are being resurveyed

Czech Republic
total: 1,881 km
border countries: Austria 362 km, Germany 646 km, Poland 658 km,
Slovakia 215 km

Denmark
total: 68 km
border countries: Germany 68 km

Djibouti
total: 516 km
border countries: Eritrea 109 km, Ethiopia 349 km, Somalia 58 km

Dominica
0 km

Dominican Republic
total: 360 km
border countries: Haiti 360 km

East Timor
total: 228 km
border countries: Indonesia 228 km

Ecuador
total: 2,010 km
border countries: Colombia 590 km, Peru 1,420 km

Egypt
total: 2,665 km
border countries: Gaza Strip 11 km, Israel 266 km, Libya 1,115 km,
Sudan 1,273 km

El Salvador
total: 545 km
border countries: Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km

Equatorial Guinea
total: 539 km
border countries: Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km

Eritrea
total: 1,626 km
border countries: Djibouti 109 km, Ethiopia 912 km, Sudan 605 km

Estonia
total: 633 km
border countries: Latvia 339 km, Russia 294 km

Ethiopia
total: 5,328 km
border countries: Djibouti 349 km, Eritrea 912 km, Kenya 861 km,
Somalia 1,600 km, Sudan 1,606 km

Europa Island
0 km

European Union
total: 11,214.8 km
border countries: Albania 282 km, Andorra 120.3 km, Belarus 1,050
km, Bulgaria 494 km, Croatia 999 km, Holy See 3.2 km, Liechtenstein
34.9 km, Macedonia 246 km, Monaco 4.4 km, Norway 2,348 km, Romania
443 km, Russia 2,257 km, San Marino 39 km, Serbia and Montenegro 151
km, Switzerland 1,811 km, Turkey 206 km, Ukraine 726 km
note: data for European Continent only

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
0 km

Faroe Islands
0 km

Fiji
0 km

Finland
total: 2,690 km
border countries: Norway 736 km, Sweden 614 km, Russia 1,340 km

France
total: 2,889 km
border countries: Andorra 56.6 km, Belgium 620 km, Germany 451 km,
Italy 488 km, Luxembourg 73 km, Monaco 4.4 km, Spain 623 km,
Switzerland 573 km

French Guiana total: 1,183 km border countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km

French Polynesia
0 km

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
0 km

Gabon
total: 2,551 km
border countries: Cameroon 298 km, Republic of the Congo 1,903 km,
Equatorial Guinea 350 km

Gambia, The
total: 740 km
border countries: Senegal 740 km

Gaza Strip
total: 62 km
border countries: Egypt 11 km, Israel 51 km

Georgia
total: 1,461 km
border countries: Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km,
Turkey 252 km

Germany
total: 3,621 km
border countries: Austria 784 km, Belgium 167 km, Czech Republic 646
km, Denmark 68 km, France 451 km, Luxembourg 138 km, Netherlands 577
km, Poland 456 km, Switzerland 334 km

Ghana
total: 2,094 km
border countries: Burkina Faso 549 km, Cote d'Ivoire 668 km, Togo
877 km

Gibraltar total: 1.2 km border countries: Spain 1.2 km

Glorioso Islands
0 km

Greece
total: 1,228 km
border countries: Albania 282 km, Bulgaria 494 km, Turkey 206 km,
Macedonia 246 km

Greenland
0 km

Grenada
0 km

Guadeloupe total: 10.2 km border countries: Netherlands Antilles (Sint Maarten) 10.2 km

Guam
0 km

Guatemala
total: 1,687 km
border countries: Belize 266 km, El Salvador 203 km, Honduras 256
km, Mexico 962 km

Guernsey
0 km

Guinea
total: 3,399 km
border countries: Cote d'Ivoire 610 km, Guinea-Bissau 386 km,
Liberia 563 km, Mali 858 km, Senegal 330 km, Sierra Leone 652 km

Guinea-Bissau
total: 724 km
border countries: Guinea 386 km, Senegal 338 km

Guyana
total: 2,462 km
border countries: Brazil 1,119 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km

Haiti
total: 360 km
border countries: Dominican Republic 360 km

Heard Island and McDonald Islands
0 km

Holy See (Vatican City)
total: 3.2 km
border countries: Italy 3.2 km

Honduras
total: 1,520 km
border countries: Guatemala 256 km, El Salvador 342 km, Nicaragua
922 km

Hong Kong total: 30 km regional border: China 30 km

Howland Island
0 km

Hungary
total: 2,171 km
border countries: Austria 366 km, Croatia 329 km, Romania 443 km,
Serbia and Montenegro 151 km, Slovakia 677 km, Slovenia 102 km,
Ukraine 103 km

Iceland
0 km

India
total: 14,103 km
border countries: Bangladesh 4,053 km, Bhutan 605 km, Burma 1,463
km, China 3,380 km, Nepal 1,690 km, Pakistan 2,912 km

Indonesia
total: 2,830 km
border countries: East Timor 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New
Guinea 820 km

Iran
total: 5,440 km
border countries: Afghanistan 936 km, Armenia 35 km,
Azerbaijan-proper 432 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave 179 km, Iraq
1,458 km, Pakistan 909 km, Turkey 499 km, Turkmenistan 992 km

Iraq
total: 3,650 km
border countries: Iran 1,458 km, Jordan 181 km, Kuwait 240 km, Saudi
Arabia 814 km, Syria 605 km, Turkey 352 km

Ireland
total: 360 km
border countries: UK 360 km

Israel
total: 1,017 km
border countries: Egypt 266 km, Gaza Strip 51 km, Jordan 238 km,
Lebanon 79 km, Syria 76 km, West Bank 307 km

Italy
total: 1,932.2 km
border countries: Austria 430 km, France 488 km, Holy See (Vatican
City) 3.2 km, San Marino 39 km, Slovenia 232 km, Switzerland 740 km

Jamaica
0 km

Jan Mayen
0 km

Japan
0 km

Jarvis Island
0 km

Jersey
0 km

Johnston Atoll
0 km

Jordan
total: 1,635 km
border countries: Iraq 181 km, Israel 238 km, Saudi Arabia 744 km,
Syria 375 km, West Bank 97 km

Juan de Nova Island
0 km

Kazakhstan
total: 12,012 km
border countries: China 1,533 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,051 km, Russia 6,846
km, Turkmenistan 379 km, Uzbekistan 2,203 km

Kenya
total: 3,477 km
border countries: Ethiopia 861 km, Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km,
Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km

Kingman Reef
0 km

Kiribati
0 km

Korea, North
total: 1,673 km
border countries: China 1,416 km, South Korea 238 km, Russia 19 km

Korea, South
total: 238 km
border countries: North Korea 238 km

Kuwait
total: 462 km
border countries: Iraq 240 km, Saudi Arabia 222 km

Kyrgyzstan
total: 3,878 km
border countries: China 858 km, Kazakhstan 1,051 km, Tajikistan 870
km, Uzbekistan 1,099 km

Laos
total: 5,083 km
border countries: Burma 235 km, Cambodia 541 km, China 423 km,
Thailand 1,754 km, Vietnam 2,130 km

Latvia
total: 1,150 km
border countries: Belarus 141 km, Estonia 339 km, Lithuania 453 km,
Russia 217 km

Lebanon
total: 454 km
border countries: Israel 79 km, Syria 375 km

Lesotho
total: 909 km
border countries: South Africa 909 km

Liberia
total: 1,585 km
border countries: Guinea 563 km, Cote d'Ivoire 716 km, Sierra Leone
306 km

Libya
total: 4,348 km
border countries: Algeria 982 km, Chad 1,055 km, Egypt 1,115 km,
Niger 354 km, Sudan 383 km, Tunisia 459 km

Liechtenstein
total: 76 km
border countries: Austria 34.9 km, Switzerland 41.1 km

Lithuania
total: 1,273 km
border countries: Belarus 502 km, Latvia 453 km, Poland 91 km,
Russia (Kaliningrad) 227 km

Luxembourg
total: 359 km
border countries: Belgium 148 km, France 73 km, Germany 138 km

Macau
total: 0.34 km
regional border: China 0.34 km

Macedonia
total: 766 km
border countries: Albania 151 km, Bulgaria 148 km, Greece 246 km,
Serbia and Montenegro 221 km

Madagascar
0 km

Malawi
total: 2,881 km
border countries: Mozambique 1,569 km, Tanzania 475 km, Zambia 837 km

Malaysia
total: 2,669 km
border countries: Brunei 381 km, Indonesia 1,782 km, Thailand 506 km

Maldives
0 km

Mali
total: 7,243 km
border countries: Algeria 1,376 km, Burkina Faso 1,000 km, Guinea
858 km, Cote d'Ivoire 532 km, Mauritania 2,237 km, Niger 821 km,
Senegal 419 km

Malta
0 km

Man, Isle of
0 km

Marshall Islands
0 km

Martinique
0 km

Mauritania
total: 5,074 km
border countries: Algeria 463 km, Mali 2,237 km, Senegal 813 km,
Western Sahara 1,561 km

Mauritius
0 km

Mayotte
0 km

Mexico total: 4,353 km border countries: Belize 250 km, Guatemala 962 km, US 3,141 km

Micronesia, Federated States of
0 km

Midway Islands
0 km

Moldova
total: 1,389 km
border countries: Romania 450 km, Ukraine 939 km

Monaco
total: 4.4 km
border countries: France 4.4 km

Mongolia
total: 8,220 km
border countries: China 4,677 km, Russia 3,543 km

Montserrat
0 km

Morocco
total: 2,017.9 km
border countries: Algeria 1,559 km, Western Sahara 443 km, Spain
(Ceuta) 6.3 km, Spain (Melilla) 9.6 km

Mozambique
total: 4,571 km
border countries: Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km, Swaziland
105 km, Tanzania 756 km, Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km

Namibia
total: 3,936 km
border countries: Angola 1,376 km, Botswana 1,360 km, South Africa
967 km, Zambia 233 km

Nauru
0 km

Navassa Island
0 km

Nepal
total: 2,926 km
border countries: China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km

Netherlands
total: 1,027 km
border countries: Belgium 450 km, Germany 577 km

Netherlands Antilles
total: 10.2 km
border countries: Guadeloupe (Saint Martin) 10.2 km

New Caledonia
0 km

New Zealand
0 km

Nicaragua
total: 1,231 km
border countries: Costa Rica 309 km, Honduras 922 km

Niger
total: 5,697 km
border countries: Algeria 956 km, Benin 266 km, Burkina Faso 628 km,
Chad 1,175 km, Libya 354 km, Mali 821 km, Nigeria 1,497 km

Nigeria
total: 4,047 km
border countries: Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger
1,497 km

Niue
0 km

Norfolk Island
0 km

Northern Mariana Islands
0 km

Norway
total: 2,551 km
border countries: Finland 736 km, Sweden 1,619 km, Russia 196 km

Oman
total: 1,374 km
border countries: Saudi Arabia 676 km, UAE 410 km, Yemen 288 km

Pakistan
total: 6,774 km
border countries: Afghanistan 2,430 km, China 523 km, India 2,912
km, Iran 909 km

Palau
0 km

Palmyra Atoll
0 km

Panama
total: 555 km
border countries: Colombia 225 km, Costa Rica 330 km

Papua New Guinea
total: 820 km
border countries: Indonesia 820 km

Paracel Islands
0 km

Paraguay
total: 3,920 km
border countries: Argentina 1,880 km, Bolivia 750 km, Brazil 1,290 km

Peru
total: 5,536 km
border countries: Bolivia 900 km, Brazil 1,560 km, Chile 160 km,
Colombia 1,496 km (est.), Ecuador 1,420 km

Philippines
0 km

Pitcairn Islands
0 km

Poland
total: 2,788 km
border countries: Belarus 407 km, Czech Republic 658 km, Germany 456
km, Lithuania 91 km, Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) 206 km, Slovakia
444 km, Ukraine 526 km

Portugal total: 1,214 km border countries: Spain 1,214 km

Puerto Rico 0 km

Qatar total: 60 km border countries: Saudi Arabia 60 km

Reunion
0 km

Romania
total: 2,508 km
border countries: Bulgaria 608 km, Hungary 443 km, Moldova 450 km,
Serbia and Montenegro 476 km, Ukraine (north) 362 km, Ukraine (east)
169 km

Russia
total: 20,017 km
border countries: Azerbaijan 284 km, Belarus 959 km, China
(southeast) 3,605 km, China (south) 40 km, Estonia 294 km, Finland
1,340 km, Georgia 723 km, Kazakhstan 6,846 km, North Korea 19 km,
Latvia 217 km, Lithuania (Kaliningrad Oblast) 227 km, Mongolia 3,485
km, Norway 196 km, Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast) 206 km, Ukraine 1,576
km

Rwanda
total: 893 km
border countries: Burundi 290 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo
217 km, Tanzania 217 km, Uganda 169 km

Saint Helena
0 km

Saint Kitts and Nevis
0 km

Saint Lucia
0 km

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
0 km

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
0 km

Samoa
0 km

San Marino total: 39 km border countries: Italy 39 km

Sao Tome and Principe
0 km

Saudi Arabia
total: 4,431 km
border countries: Iraq 814 km, Jordan 744 km, Kuwait 222 km, Oman
676 km, Qatar 60 km, UAE 457 km, Yemen 1,458 km

Senegal
total: 2,640 km
border countries: The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau
338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km

Serbia and Montenegro
total: 2,246 km
border countries: Albania 287 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 527 km,
Bulgaria 318 km, Croatia (north) 241 km, Croatia (south) 25 km,
Hungary 151 km, Macedonia 221 km, Romania 476 km

Seychelles
0 km

Sierra Leone total: 958 km border countries: Guinea 652 km, Liberia 306 km

Singapore
0 km

Slovakia
total: 1,524 km
border countries: Austria 91 km, Czech Republic 215 km, Hungary 677
km, Poland 444 km, Ukraine 97 km

Slovenia
total: 1,334 km
border countries: Austria 330 km, Croatia 670 km, Italy 232 km,
Hungary 102 km

Solomon Islands
0 km

Somalia
total: 2,340 km
border countries: Djibouti 58 km, Ethiopia 1,600 km, Kenya 682 km

South Africa
total: 4,862 km
border countries: Botswana 1,840 km, Lesotho 909 km, Mozambique 491
km, Namibia 967 km, Swaziland 430 km, Zimbabwe 225 km

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
0 km

Spain
total: 1,917.8 km
border countries: Andorra 63.7 km, France 623 km, Gibraltar 1.2 km,
Portugal 1,214 km, Morocco (Ceuta) 6.3 km, Morocco (Melilla) 9.6 km

Spratly Islands
0 km

Sri Lanka
0 km

Sudan
total: 7,687 km
border countries: Central African Republic 1,165 km, Chad 1,360 km,
Democratic Republic of the Congo 628 km, Egypt 1,273 km, Eritrea 605
km, Ethiopia 1,606 km, Kenya 232 km, Libya 383 km, Uganda 435 km

Suriname total: 1,707 km border countries: Brazil 597 km, French Guiana 510 km, Guyana 600 km

Svalbard 0 km

Swaziland
total: 535 km
border countries: Mozambique 105 km, South Africa 430 km

Sweden
total: 2,233 km
border countries: Finland 614 km, Norway 1,619 km

Switzerland
total: 1,852 km
border countries: Austria 164 km, France 573 km, Italy 740 km,
Liechtenstein 41 km, Germany 334 km

Syria
total: 2,253 km
border countries: Iraq 605 km, Israel 76 km, Jordan 375 km, Lebanon
375 km, Turkey 822 km

Taiwan
0 km

Tajikistan
total: 3,651 km
border countries: Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870
km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km

Tanzania
total: 3,861 km
border countries: Burundi 451 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo
459 km, Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756 km, Rwanda 217
km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km

Thailand
total: 4,863 km
border countries: Burma 1,800 km, Cambodia 803 km, Laos 1,754 km,
Malaysia 506 km

Togo
total: 1,647 km
border countries: Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km

Tokelau
0 km

Tonga
0 km

Trinidad and Tobago
0 km

Tromelin Island
0 km

Tunisia
total: 1,424 km
border countries: Algeria 965 km, Libya 459 km

Turkey
total: 2,648 km
border countries: Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria 240 km,
Georgia 252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km, Iraq 352 km, Syria 822 km

Turkmenistan
total: 3,736 km
border countries: Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakhstan 379
km, Uzbekistan 1,621 km

Turks and Caicos Islands
0 km

Tuvalu
0 km

Uganda
total: 2,698 km
border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 765 km, Kenya 933
km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km

Ukraine
total: 4,663 km
border countries: Belarus 891 km, Hungary 103 km, Moldova 939 km,
Poland 526 km, Romania (south) 169 km, Romania (west) 362 km, Russia
1,576 km, Slovakia 97 km

United Arab Emirates
total: 867 km
border countries: Oman 410 km, Saudi Arabia 457 km

United Kingdom
total: 360 km
border countries: Ireland 360 km

United States
total: 12,034 km
border countries: Canada 8,893 km (including 2,477 km with Alaska),
Mexico 3,141 km
note: US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba is leased by the US and
is part of Cuba; the base boundary is 29 km

Uruguay
total: 1,564 km
border countries: Argentina 579 km, Brazil 985 km

Uzbekistan
total: 6,221 km
border countries: Afghanistan 137 km, Kazakhstan 2,203 km,
Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km

Vanuatu
0 km

Venezuela
total: 4,993 km
border countries: Brazil 2,200 km, Colombia 2,050 km, Guyana 743 km

Vietnam
total: 4,639 km
border countries: Cambodia 1,228 km, China 1,281 km, Laos 2,130 km

Virgin Islands
0 km

Wake Island
0 km

Wallis and Futuna
0 km

West Bank
total: 404 km
border countries: Israel 307 km, Jordan 97 km

Western Sahara
total: 2,046 km
border countries: Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km

World
the land boundaries in the world total 250,472 km (not
counting shared boundaries twice); two nations, China and Russia,
each border 14 other countries
note: 43 nations and other areas are landlocked, these include:
Afghanistan, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan,
Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic,
Chad, Czech Republic, Ethiopia, Holy See (Vatican City), Hungary,
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg,
Malawi, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia, Nepal, Niger, Paraguay, Rwanda, San
Marino, Slovakia, Swaziland, Switzerland, Tajikistan, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan,
West Bank, Zambia, Zimbabwe; two of these, Liechtenstein and
Uzbekistan, are doubly landlocked

Yemen
total: 1,746 km
border countries: Oman 288 km, Saudi Arabia 1,458 km

Zambia
total: 5,664 km
border countries: Angola 1,110 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo
1,930 km, Malawi 837 km, Mozambique 419 km, Namibia 233 km, Tanzania
338 km, Zimbabwe 797 km

Zimbabwe
total: 3,066 km
border countries: Botswana 813 km, Mozambique 1,231 km, South Africa
225 km, Zambia 797 km

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2097 Land use (%)

Afghanistan
arable land: 12.13%
permanent crops: 0.22%
other: 87.65% (2001)

Albania
arable land: 21.09%
permanent crops: 4.42%
other: 74.49% (2001)

Algeria
arable land: 3.22%
permanent crops: 0.25%
other: 96.53% (2001)

American Samoa
arable land: 10%
permanent crops: 15%
other: 75% (2001)

Andorra
arable land: 2.22%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.78% (2001)

Angola
arable land: 2.41%
permanent crops: 0.24%
other: 97.35% (2001)

Anguilla
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some
commercial salt ponds) (2001)

Antarctica
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (ice 98%, barren rock 2%) (2001)

Antigua and Barbuda
arable land: 18.18%
permanent crops: 4.55%
other: 77.27% (2001)

Argentina
arable land: 12.31%
permanent crops: 0.48%
other: 87.21% (2001)

Armenia
arable land: 17.55%
permanent crops: 2.3%
other: 80.15% (2001)

Aruba
arable land: 10.53% (including aloe 0.01%)
permanent crops: 0%
other: 89.47% (2001)

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2001)

Australia
arable land: 6.55% (includes about 27 million hectares of
cultivated grassland)
permanent crops: 0.04%
other: 93.41% (2001)

Austria
arable land: 16.91%
permanent crops: 0.86%
other: 82.23% (2001)

Azerbaijan
arable land: 19.63%
permanent crops: 2.71%
other: 77.66% (2001)

Bahamas, The
arable land: 0.8%
permanent crops: 0.4%
other: 98.8% (2001)

Bahrain
arable land: 2.82%
permanent crops: 5.63%
other: 91.55% (2001)

Baker Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Bangladesh
arable land: 62.11%
permanent crops: 3.07%
other: 34.82% (2001)

Barbados
arable land: 37.21%
permanent crops: 2.33%
other: 60.46% (2001)

Bassas da India
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (all rock) (2001)

Belarus
arable land: 29.55%
permanent crops: 0.6%
other: 69.85% (2001)

Belgium
arable land: 23.28%
permanent crops: 0.4%
other: 76.32%
note: includes Luxembourg (2001)

Belize
arable land: 2.85%
permanent crops: 1.71%
other: 95.44% (2001)

Benin
arable land: 18.08%
permanent crops: 2.4%
other: 79.52% (2001)

Bermuda
arable land: 20%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 80% (55% developed, 45% rural/open space) (2001)

Bhutan
arable land: 3.09%
permanent crops: 0.43%
other: 96.48% (2001)

Bolivia
arable land: 2.67%
permanent crops: 0.19%
other: 97.54% (2001)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
arable land: 13.6%
permanent crops: 2.96%
other: 83.44% (2001)

Botswana
arable land: 0.65%
permanent crops: 0.01%
other: 99.34% (2001)

Bouvet Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (93% ice) (2001)

Brazil
arable land: 6.96%
permanent crops: 0.9%
other: 92.15% (2001)

British Indian Ocean Territory
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

British Virgin Islands
arable land: 20%
permanent crops: 6.67%
other: 73.33% (2001)

Brunei
arable land: 0.57%
permanent crops: 0.76%
other: 98.67% (2001)

Bulgaria
arable land: 40.02%
permanent crops: 1.92%
other: 58.06% (2001)

Burkina Faso
arable land: 14.43%
permanent crops: 0.19%
other: 85.38% (2001)

Burma
arable land: 15.19%
permanent crops: 0.97%
other: 83.84% (2001)

Burundi
arable land: 35.05%
permanent crops: 14.02%
other: 50.93% (2001)

Cambodia
arable land: 20.96%
permanent crops: 0.61%
other: 78.43% (2001)

Cameroon
arable land: 12.81%
permanent crops: 2.58%
other: 84.61% (2001)

Canada
arable land: 4.96%
permanent crops: 0.02%
other: 95.02% (2001)

Cape Verde
arable land: 9.68%
permanent crops: 0.5%
other: 89.82% (2001)

Cayman Islands
arable land: 3.85%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 96.15% (2001)

Central African Republic
arable land: 3.1%
permanent crops: 0.14%
other: 96.76% (2001)

Chad
arable land: 2.86%
permanent crops: 0.02%
other: 97.12% (2001)

Chile
arable land: 2.65%
permanent crops: 0.42%
other: 96.93% (2001)

China
arable land: 15.4%
permanent crops: 1.25%
other: 83.36% (2001)

Christmas Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100%
note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national
park (2001)

Clipperton Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (all coral) (2001)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Colombia
arable land: 2.42%
permanent crops: 1.67%
other: 95.91% (2001)

Comoros
arable land: 35.87%
permanent crops: 23.32%
other: 40.81% (2001)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
arable land: 2.96%
permanent crops: 0.52%
other: 96.52% (2001)

Congo, Republic of the
arable land: 0.51%
permanent crops: 0.13%
other: 99.36% (2001)

Cook Islands
arable land: 17.39%
permanent crops: 13.04%
other: 69.57% (2001)

Coral Sea Islands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (mostly grass or scrub cover) (2001)

Costa Rica
arable land: 4.41%
permanent crops: 5.88%
other: 89.71% (2001)

Cote d'Ivoire
arable land: 9.75%
permanent crops: 13.84%
other: 76.41% (2001)

Croatia
arable land: 26.09%
permanent crops: 2.27%
other: 71.65% (2001)

Cuba
arable land: 33.05%
permanent crops: 7.6%
other: 59.35% (2001)

Cyprus
arable land: 7.79%
permanent crops: 4.44%
other: 87.77% (2001)

Czech Republic
arable land: 39.8%
permanent crops: 3.05%
other: 57.15% (2001)

Denmark
arable land: 54.02%
permanent crops: 0.19%
other: 45.79% (2001)

Djibouti
arable land: 0.04%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 99.96% (2001)

Dominica
arable land: 6.67%
permanent crops: 20%
other: 73.33% (2001)

Dominican Republic
arable land: 22.65%
permanent crops: 10.33%
other: 67.02% (2001)

East Timor
arable land: 4.71%
permanent crops: 0.67%
other: 94.62% (2001)

Ecuador
arable land: 5.85%
permanent crops: 4.93%
other: 89.22% (2001)

Egypt
arable land: 2.87%
permanent crops: 0.48%
other: 96.65% (2001)

El Salvador
arable land: 31.85%
permanent crops: 12.07%
other: 56.08% (2001)

Equatorial Guinea
arable land: 4.63%
permanent crops: 3.57%
other: 91.8% (2001)

Eritrea
arable land: 4.95%
permanent crops: 0.03%
other: 95.02% (2001)

Estonia
arable land: 16.04%
permanent crops: 0.45%
other: 83.51% (2001)

Ethiopia
arable land: 10.71%
permanent crops: 0.75%
other: 88.54% (2001)

Europa Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (mangrove forests and woodlands) (2001)

European Union arable land: NA permanent crops: NA

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2001)

Faroe Islands
arable land: 2.14%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.86% (2001)

Fiji
arable land: 10.95%
permanent crops: 4.65%
other: 84.4% (2001)

Finland
arable land: 7.19%
permanent crops: 0.03%
other: 92.78% (2001)

France
arable land: 33.53%
permanent crops: 2.07%
other: 64.4% (2001)

French Guiana
arable land: 0.14%
permanent crops: 0.05%
other: 99.81% (90% forest, 10% other) (2001)

French Polynesia
arable land: 0.82%
permanent crops: 5.46%
other: 93.72% (2001)

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Gabon
arable land: 1.26%
permanent crops: 0.66%
other: 98.08% (2001)

Gambia, The
arable land: 25%
permanent crops: 0.5%
other: 74.5% (2001)

Gaza Strip
arable land: 28.95%
permanent crops: 21.05%
other: 50% (2001)

Georgia
arable land: 11.44%
permanent crops: 3.86%
other: 84.7% (2001)

Germany
arable land: 33.85%
permanent crops: 0.59%
other: 65.56% (2001)

Ghana
arable land: 16.26%
permanent crops: 9.67%
other: 74.07% (2001)

Gibraltar
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Glorioso Islands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (all lush vegetation and coconut palms) (2001)

Greece
arable land: 21.1%
permanent crops: 8.78%
other: 70.12% (2001)

Greenland
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Grenada
arable land: 5.88%
permanent crops: 29.41%
other: 64.71% (2001)

Guadeloupe
arable land: 11.24%
permanent crops: 3.55%
other: 85.21% (2001)

Guam
arable land: 9.09%
permanent crops: 16.36%
other: 74.55% (2001)

Guatemala
arable land: 12.54%
permanent crops: 5.03%
other: 82.43% (2001)

Guernsey
arable land: NA
permanent crops: NA
other: NA (2001)

Guinea
arable land: 3.63%
permanent crops: 2.58%
other: 93.79% (2001)

Guinea-Bissau
arable land: 10.67%
permanent crops: 8.82%
other: 80.51% (2001)

Guyana
arable land: 2.44%
permanent crops: 0.15%
other: 97.41% (2001)

Haiti
arable land: 28.3%
permanent crops: 11.61%
other: 60.09% (2001)

Heard Island and McDonald Islands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Holy See (Vatican City)
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (urban area) (2001)

Honduras
arable land: 9.55%
permanent crops: 3.22%
other: 87.23% (2001)

Hong Kong
arable land: 5.05%
permanent crops: 1.01%
other: 93.94% (2001)

Howland Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Hungary
arable land: 50.09%
permanent crops: 2.06%
other: 47.85% (2001)

Iceland
arable land: 0.07%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 99.93% (2001)

India
arable land: 54.4%
permanent crops: 2.74%
other: 42.86% (2001)

Indonesia
arable land: 11.32%
permanent crops: 7.23%
other: 81.45% (2001)

Iran
arable land: 8.72%
permanent crops: 1.39%
other: 89.89% (2001)

Iraq
arable land: 13.15%
permanent crops: 0.78%
other: 86.07% (2001)

Ireland
arable land: 15.2%
permanent crops: 0.03%
other: 84.77% (2001)

Israel
arable land: 16.39%
permanent crops: 4.17%
other: 79.44% (2001)

Italy
arable land: 27.79%
permanent crops: 9.53%
other: 62.68% (2001)

Jamaica
arable land: 16.07%
permanent crops: 10.16%
other: 73.77% (2001)

Jan Mayen
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Japan
arable land: 12.19%
permanent crops: 0.96%
other: 86.85% (2001)

Jarvis Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Jersey
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Johnston Atoll
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Jordan
arable land: 2.67%
permanent crops: 1.83%
other: 95.5% (2001)

Juan de Nova Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (90% forest) (2001)

Kazakhstan
arable land: 7.98%
permanent crops: 0.05%
other: 91.97% (2001)

Kenya
arable land: 8.08%
permanent crops: 0.98%
other: 90.94% (2001)

Kingman Reef
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Kiribati
arable land: 2.74%
permanent crops: 50.68%
other: 46.58% (2001)

Korea, North
arable land: 20.76%
permanent crops: 2.49%
other: 76.75% (2001)

Korea, South
arable land: 17.18%
permanent crops: 1.95%
other: 80.87% (2001)

Kuwait
arable land: 0.73%
permanent crops: 0.11%
other: 99.16% (2001)

Kyrgyzstan
arable land: 7.3%
permanent crops: 0.35%
other: 92.35%
note: Kyrgyzstan has the world's largest natural growth walnut
forest (2001)

Laos
arable land: 3.8%
permanent crops: 0.35%
other: 95.85% (2001)

Latvia
arable land: 29.67%
permanent crops: 0.47%
other: 69.86% (2001)

Lebanon
arable land: 16.62%
permanent crops: 13.98%
other: 69.4% (2001)

Lesotho
arable land: 10.87%
permanent crops: 0.13%
other: 89% (2001)

Liberia
arable land: 3.95%
permanent crops: 2.28%
other: 93.77% (2001)

Libya
arable land: 1.03%
permanent crops: 0.19%
other: 98.78% (2001)

Liechtenstein
arable land: 25%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 75% (2001)

Lithuania
arable land: 45.22%
permanent crops: 0.91%
other: 53.87% (2001)

Luxembourg
arable land: 23.28%
permanent crops: 0.4%
other: 76.32% (includes Belgium) (2001)

Macau
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100%
note: "green areas" represent 22.4% (2001)

Macedonia
arable land: 22.26%
permanent crops: 1.81%
other: 75.93% (2001)

Madagascar
arable land: 5.07%
permanent crops: 1.03%
other: 93.91% (2001)

Malawi
arable land: 23.38%
permanent crops: 1.49%
other: 75.13% (2001)

Malaysia
arable land: 5.48%
permanent crops: 17.61%
other: 76.91% (2001)

Maldives
arable land: 13.33%
permanent crops: 16.67%
other: 70% (2001)

Mali
arable land: 3.82%
permanent crops: 0.03%
other: 96.15% (2001)

Malta
arable land: 28.13%
permanent crops: 3.13%
other: 68.74% (2001)

Man, Isle of
arable land: 9%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 91% (permanent pastures, forests, mountain, and heathland)
(2002)

Marshall Islands
arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 38.89%
other: 44.44% (2001)

Martinique
arable land: 10.38%
permanent crops: 9.43%
other: 80.19% (2001)

Mauritania
arable land: 0.48%
permanent crops: 0.01%
other: 99.51% (2001)

Mauritius
arable land: 49.26%
permanent crops: 2.96%
other: 47.78% (2001)

Mayotte
arable land: NA
permanent crops: NA
other: NA (2001)

Mexico
arable land: 12.99%
permanent crops: 1.31%
other: 85.7% (2001)

Micronesia, Federated States of
arable land: 5.71%
permanent crops: 45.71%
other: 48.58% (2001)

Midway Islands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Moldova
arable land: 55.3%
permanent crops: 10.79%
other: 33.91% (2001)

Monaco
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (urban area) (2001)

Mongolia
arable land: 0.77%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 99.23% (2001)

Montserrat
arable land: 20%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 80% (2001)

Morocco
arable land: 19.61%
permanent crops: 2.17%
other: 78.22% (2001)

Mozambique
arable land: 5.1%
permanent crops: 0.3%
other: 94.6% (2001)

Namibia
arable land: 0.99%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 99.01% (2001)

Nauru
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Navassa Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Nepal
arable land: 21.68%
permanent crops: 0.64%
other: 77.68% (2001)

Netherlands
arable land: 26.71%
permanent crops: 0.97%
other: 72.32% (2001)

Netherlands Antilles
arable land: 10%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 90% (2001)

New Caledonia
arable land: 0.38%
permanent crops: 0.33%
other: 99.29% (2001)

New Zealand
arable land: 5.6%
permanent crops: 6.99%
other: 87.41% (2001)

Nicaragua
arable land: 15.94%
permanent crops: 1.94%
other: 82.12% (2001)

Niger
arable land: 3.54%
permanent crops: 0.01%
other: 96.45% (2001)

Nigeria
arable land: 31.29%
permanent crops: 2.96%
other: 65.75% (2001)

Niue
arable land: 15.38%
permanent crops: 11.54%
other: 73.08% (2001)

Norfolk Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Northern Mariana Islands
arable land: 13.04%
permanent crops: 4.35%
other: 82.61% (2001)

Norway
arable land: 2.87%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.13% (2001)

Oman
arable land: 0.12%
permanent crops: 0.14%
other: 99.74% (2001)

Pakistan
arable land: 27.87%
permanent crops: 0.87%
other: 71.26% (2001)

Palau
arable land: 8.7%
permanent crops: 4.35%
other: 86.95% (2001)

Palmyra Atoll
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (forests and woodlands) (2001)

Panama
arable land: 7.36%
permanent crops: 1.98%
other: 90.66% (2001)

Papua New Guinea
arable land: 0.46%
permanent crops: 1.44%
other: 98.1% (2001)

Paracel Islands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Paraguay
arable land: 7.6%
permanent crops: 0.23%
other: 92.17% (2001)

Peru
arable land: 2.89%
permanent crops: 0.4%
other: 96.71% (2001)

Philippines
arable land: 18.95%
permanent crops: 16.77%
other: 64.28% (2001)

Pitcairn Islands
arable land: NA
permanent crops: NA
other: NA (2001)

Poland
arable land: 45.91%
permanent crops: 1.12%
other: 52.97% (2001)

Portugal
arable land: 21.75%
permanent crops: 7.81%
other: 70.44% (2001)

Puerto Rico
arable land: 3.95%
permanent crops: 5.52%
other: 90.53% (2001)

Qatar
arable land: 1.64%
permanent crops: 0.27%
other: 98.09% (2001)

Reunion
arable land: 13.6%
permanent crops: 1.2%
other: 85.2% (2001)

Romania
arable land: 40.82%
permanent crops: 2.25%
other: 56.93% (2001)

Russia
arable land: 7.33%
permanent crops: 0.11%
other: 92.56% (2001)

Rwanda
arable land: 40.54%
permanent crops: 12.16%
other: 47.3% (2001)

Saint Helena
arable land: 12.9%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 87.1% (2001)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
arable land: 19.44%
permanent crops: 2.78%
other: 77.78% (2001)

Saint Lucia
arable land: 6.56%
permanent crops: 22.95%
other: 70.49% (2001)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
arable land: 13.04%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 86.96% (2001)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
arable land: 17.95%
permanent crops: 17.95%
other: 64.1% (2001)

Samoa
arable land: 21.2%
permanent crops: 24.38%
other: 54.42% (2001)

San Marino
arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 83.33% (2001)

Sao Tome and Principe
arable land: 6.25%
permanent crops: 48.96%
other: 44.79% (2001)

Saudi Arabia
arable land: 1.67%
permanent crops: 0.09%
other: 98.24% (2001)

Senegal
arable land: 12.78%
permanent crops: 0.21%
other: 87.01% (2001)

Serbia and Montenegro
arable land: 33.35%
permanent crops: 3.2%
other: 63.45% (2001)

Seychelles
arable land: 2.22%
permanent crops: 13.33%
other: 84.45% (2001)

Sierra Leone
arable land: 6.98%
permanent crops: 0.89%
other: 92.13% (2001)

Singapore
arable land: 1.64%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 98.36% (2001)

Slovakia
arable land: 30.16%
permanent crops: 2.62%
other: 67.22% (2001)

Slovenia
arable land: 8.6%
permanent crops: 1.49%
other: 89.91% (2001)

Solomon Islands
arable land: 0.64%
permanent crops: 2%
other: 97.36% (2001)

Somalia
arable land: 1.67%
permanent crops: 0.04%
other: 98.29% (2001)

South Africa
arable land: 12.08%
permanent crops: 0.79%
other: 87.13% (2001)

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some
sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2001)

Spain
arable land: 26.07%
permanent crops: 9.87%
other: 64.06% (2001)

Spratly Islands
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Sri Lanka
arable land: 13.86%
permanent crops: 15.7%
other: 70.44% (2001)

Sudan
arable land: 6.83%
permanent crops: 0.18%
other: 92.99% (2001)

Suriname
arable land: 0.37%
permanent crops: 0.06%
other: 99.57% (2001)

Svalbard
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (no trees, and the only bushes are crowberry and
cloudberry) (2001)

Swaziland
arable land: 10.35%
permanent crops: 0.7%
other: 88.95% (2001)

Sweden
arable land: 6.54%
permanent crops: 0.01%
other: 93.45% (2001)

Switzerland
arable land: 10.42%
permanent crops: 0.61%
other: 88.97% (2001)

Syria
arable land: 25.22%
permanent crops: 4.43%
other: 70.35% (2001)

Taiwan
arable land: 24%
permanent crops: 1%
other: 75% (2001)

Tajikistan
arable land: 6.61%
permanent crops: 0.92%
other: 92.47% (2001)

Tanzania
arable land: 4.52%
permanent crops: 1.08%
other: 94.4% (2001)

Thailand
arable land: 29.36%
permanent crops: 6.46%
other: 64.18% (2001)

Togo
arable land: 46.15%
permanent crops: 2.21%
other: 51.64% (2001)

Tokelau
arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile)
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Tonga
arable land: 23.61%
permanent crops: 43.06%
other: 33.33% (2001)

Trinidad and Tobago
arable land: 14.62%
permanent crops: 9.16%
other: 76.22% (2001)

Tromelin Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (grasses; scattered bushes) (2001)

Tunisia
arable land: 17.86%
permanent crops: 13.74%
other: 68.4% (2001)

Turkey
arable land: 30.93%
permanent crops: 3.31%
other: 65.76% (2001)

Turkmenistan
arable land: 3.72%
permanent crops: 0.14%
other: 96.14% (2001)

Turks and Caicos Islands
arable land: 2.33%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.67% (2001)

Tuvalu
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Uganda
arable land: 25.88%
permanent crops: 10.65%
other: 63.47% (2001)

Ukraine
arable land: 56.21%
permanent crops: 1.61%
other: 42.18% (2001)

United Arab Emirates
arable land: 0.6%
permanent crops: 2.25%
other: 97.15% (2001)

United Kingdom
arable land: 23.46%
permanent crops: 0.21%
other: 76.33% (2001)

United States
arable land: 19.13%
permanent crops: 0.22%
other: 80.65% (2001)

Uruguay
arable land: 7.43%
permanent crops: 0.23%
other: 92.34% (2001)

Uzbekistan
arable land: 10.83%
permanent crops: 0.83%
other: 88.34% (2001)

Vanuatu
arable land: 2.46%
permanent crops: 7.38%
other: 90.16% (2001)

Venezuela
arable land: 2.95%
permanent crops: 0.92%
other: 96.13% (2001)

Vietnam
arable land: 19.97%
permanent crops: 5.95%
other: 74.08% (2001)

Virgin Islands
arable land: 11.76%
permanent crops: 2.94%
other: 85.29% (2001)

Wake Island
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (2001)

Wallis and Futuna
arable land: 5%
permanent crops: 25%
other: 70% (2001)

West Bank
arable land: 16.9%
permanent crops: 18.97%
other: 64.13% (2001)

Western Sahara
arable land: 0.02%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 99.98% (2001)

World
arable land: 10.73%
permanent crops: 1%
other: 88.27% (2001)

Yemen
arable land: 2.78%
permanent crops: 0.24%
other: 96.98% (2001)

Zambia
arable land: 7.08%
permanent crops: 0.03%
other: 92.9% (2001)

Zimbabwe
arable land: 8.32%
permanent crops: 0.34%
other: 91.34% (2001)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2098 Languages (%)

Afghanistan
Pashtu (official) 35%, Afghan Persian (Dari) 50%, Turkic
languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages
(primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism

Albania
Albanian (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek,
Vlach, Romani, Slavic dialects

Algeria
Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects

American Samoa
Samoan (closely related to Hawaiian and other
Polynesian languages), English
note: most people are bilingual

Andorra
Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese

Angola
Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages

Anguilla
English (official)

Antigua and Barbuda
English (official), local dialects

Argentina
Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French

Armenia
Armenian 96%, Russian 2%, other 2%

Aruba
Dutch (official), Papiamento (a Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch,
English dialect), English (widely spoken), Spanish

Australia
English, native languages

Austria
German (official nationwide), Slovene (official in
Carinthia), Croatian (official in Burgenland), Hungarian (official
in Burgenland)

Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani (Azeri) 89%, Russian 3%, Armenian 2%, other
6% (1995 est.)

Bahamas, The
English (official), Creole (among Haitian immigrants)

Bahrain
Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu

Bangladesh
Bangla (official, also known as Bengali), English

Barbados
English

Belarus
Belarusian, Russian, other

Belgium
Dutch (official) 60%, French (official) 40%, German
(official) less than 1%, legally bilingual (Dutch and French)

Belize
English (official), Spanish, Mayan, Garifuna (Carib), Creole

Benin
French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in
south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north)

Bermuda
English (official), Portuguese

Bhutan
Dzongkha (official), Bhotes speak various Tibetan dialects,
Nepalese speak various Nepalese dialects

Bolivia
Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara (official)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian

Botswana
English (official), Setswana

Brazil
Portuguese (official), Spanish, English, French

British Virgin Islands
English (official)

Brunei
Malay (official), English, Chinese

Bulgaria
Bulgarian, secondary languages closely correspond to ethnic
breakdown

Burkina Faso
French (official), native African languages belonging
to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population

Burma
Burmese, minority ethnic groups have their own languages

Burundi
Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake
Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area)

Cambodia
Khmer (official) 95%, French, English

Cameroon
24 major African language groups, English (official),
French (official)

Canada
English 59.3% (official), French 23.2% (official), other 17.5%

Cape Verde
Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West
African words)

Cayman Islands
English

Central African Republic
French (official), Sangho (lingua franca
and national language), tribal languages

Chad
French (official), Arabic (official), Sara (in south), more
than 120 different languages and dialects

Chile
Spanish

China
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing
dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan
(Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages
(see Ethnic groups entry)

Christmas Island
English (official), Chinese, Malay

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Malay (Cocos dialect), English

Colombia
Spanish

Comoros
Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (a blend of
Swahili and Arabic)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
French (official), Lingala (a
lingua franca trade language), Kingwana (a dialect of Kiswahili or
Swahili), Kikongo, Tshiluba

Congo, Republic of the
French (official), Lingala and Monokutuba
(lingua franca trade languages), many local languages and dialects
(of which Kikongo is the most widespread)

Cook Islands
English (official), Maori

Costa Rica
Spanish (official), English

Cote d'Ivoire
French (official), 60 native dialects with Dioula the
most widely spoken

Croatia
Croatian 96%, other 4% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech,
Slovak, and German)

Cuba
Spanish

Cyprus
Greek, Turkish, English

Czech Republic
Czech

Denmark
Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German
(small minority)
note: English is the predominant second language

Djibouti
French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar

Dominica
English (official), French patois

Dominican Republic
Spanish

East Timor
Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian,
English
note: there are about 16 indigenous languages; Tetum, Galole,
Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people

Ecuador
Spanish (official), Amerindian languages (especially Quechua)

Egypt
Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by
educated classes

El Salvador
Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)

Equatorial Guinea
Spanish (official), French (official), pidgin
English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo

Eritrea
Afar, Arabic, Tigre and Kunama, Tigrinya, other Cushitic
languages

Estonia
Estonian (official), Russian, Ukrainian, Finnish, other

Ethiopia
Amharic, Tigrinya, Oromigna, Guaragigna, Somali, Arabic,
other local languages, English (major foreign language taught in
schools)

European Union
Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish,
French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian,
Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish; note
- only official languages are listed

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
English

Faroe Islands
Faroese (derived from Old Norse), Danish

Fiji
English (official), Fijian, Hindustani

Finland
Finnish 93.4% (official), Swedish 5.9% (official), small
Sami- and Russian-speaking minorities

France
French 100%, rapidly declining regional dialects and
languages (Provencal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque,
Flemish)

French Guiana
French

French Polynesia
French (official), Tahitian (official)

Gabon
French (official), Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira,
Bandjabi

Gambia, The
English (official), Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other
indigenous vernaculars

Gaza Strip
Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many
Palestinians), English (widely understood)

Georgia
Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%,
other 7%
note: Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia

Germany
German

Ghana
English (official), African languages (including Akan,
Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga)

Gibraltar
English (used in schools and for official purposes),
Spanish, Italian, Portuguese

Greece
Greek 99% (official), English, French

Greenland
Greenlandic (East Inuit), Danish, English

Grenada
English (official), French patois

Guadeloupe
French (official) 99%, Creole patois

Guam
English, Chamorro, Japanese

Guatemala
Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially
recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel,
Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)

Guernsey
English, French, Norman-French dialect spoken in country
districts

Guinea
French (official), each ethnic group has its own language

Guinea-Bissau
Portuguese (official), Crioulo, African languages

Guyana
English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu

Haiti
French (official), Creole (official)

Holy See (Vatican City)
Italian, Latin, French, various other
languages

Honduras
Spanish, Amerindian dialects

Hong Kong
Chinese (Cantonese), English; both are official

Hungary
Hungarian 98.2%, other 1.8%

Iceland
Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German widely spoken

India
English enjoys associate status but is the most important
language for national, political, and commercial communication;
Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the
people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu,
Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi,
Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular
variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is
not an official language

Indonesia
Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay),
English, Dutch, local dialects, the most widely spoken of which is
Javanese

Iran
Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects
26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%

Iraq
Arabic, Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Assyrian,
Armenian

Ireland
English is the language generally used, Irish (Gaelic or
Gaeilge) spoken mainly in areas located along the western seaboard

Israel
Hebrew (official), Arabic used officially for Arab minority,
English most commonly used foreign language

Italy
Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige
region are predominantly German speaking), French (small
French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene
(Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)

Jamaica
English, patois English

Japan
Japanese

Jersey
English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect
spoken in country districts

Jordan
Arabic (official), English widely understood among upper and
middle classes

Kazakhstan
Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 64.4%, Russian (official,
used in everyday business, designated the "language of interethnic
communication") 95% (2001 est.)

Kenya
English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous
languages

Kiribati
I-Kiribati, English (official)

Korea, North
Korean

Korea, South
Korean, English widely taught in junior high and high
school

Kuwait
Arabic (official), English widely spoken

Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyz - official language, Russian - official language
note: in December 2001, the Kyrgyzstani legislature made Russian an
official language, equal in status to Kyrgyz

Laos
Lao (official), French, English, and various ethnic languages

Latvia
Latvian (official), Lithuanian, Russian, other

Lebanon
Arabic (official), French, English, Armenian

Lesotho
Sesotho (southern Sotho), English (official), Zulu, Xhosa

Liberia
English 20% (official), some 20 ethnic group languages, of
which a few can be written and are used in correspondence

Libya
Arabic, Italian, English, all are widely understood in the
major cities

Liechtenstein
German (official), Alemannic dialect

Lithuania
Lithuanian (official), Polish, Russian

Luxembourg
Luxembourgish (national language), German (administrative
language), French (administrative language)

Macau
Portuguese, Chinese (Cantonese)

Macedonia
Macedonian 68%, Albanian 25%, Turkish 3%, Serbo-Croatian
2%, other 2%

Madagascar
French (official), Malagasy (official)

Malawi
English (official), Chichewa (official), other languages
important regionally

Malaysia
Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese dialects
(Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil,
Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; note - in addition, in East
Malaysia several indigenous languages are spoken, the largest are
Iban and Kadazan

Maldives
Maldivian Dhivehi (dialect of Sinhala, script derived from
Arabic), English spoken by most government officials

Mali
French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages

Malta
Maltese (official), English (official)

Man, Isle of
English, Manx Gaelic

Marshall Islands
English (widely spoken as a second language, both
English and Marshallese are official languages), two major
Marshallese dialects from the Malayo-Polynesian family, Japanese

Martinique
French, Creole patois

Mauritania
Arabic (official), Pulaar, Soninke, French, Hassaniya,
Wolof

Mauritius
English (official), Creole, French (official), Hindi,
Urdu, Hakka, Bhojpuri

Mayotte
Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language)
spoken by 35% of the population

Mexico
Spanish, various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional
indigenous languages

Micronesia, Federated States of
English (official and common
language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian,
Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi

Moldova
Moldovan (official, virtually the same as the Romanian
language), Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect)

Monaco
French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque

Mongolia
Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian (1999)

Montserrat
English

Morocco
Arabic (official), Berber dialects, French often the
language of business, government, and diplomacy

Mozambique
Makhuwa, Tsonga, Lomwe, Sena, numerous other indigenous
languages, Portuguese (official; spoken by 27% of population as a
second language)

Namibia
English 7% (official), Afrikaans common language of most of
the population and about 60% of the white population, German 32%,
indigenous languages: Oshivambo, Herero, Nama

Nauru
Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language),
English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and
commercial purposes

Nepal
Nepali (official; spoken by 90% of the population), about a
dozen other languages and about 30 major dialects; note - many in
government and business also speak English (1995)

Netherlands
Dutch (official language), Frisian (official language)

Netherlands Antilles
Dutch (official), Papiamento (a
Spanish-Portuguese-Dutch-English dialect) predominates, English
widely spoken, Spanish

New Caledonia
French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects

New Zealand
English (official), Maori (official)

Nicaragua
Spanish (official)
note: English and indigenous languages on Atlantic coast

Niger
French (official), Hausa, Djerma

Nigeria
English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani

Niue
Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and
Samoan; English

Norfolk Island
English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century
English and ancient Tahitian

Northern Mariana Islands
English, Chamorro, Carolinian
note: 86% of population speaks a language other than English at home

Norway
Bokmal Norwegian (official), Nynorsk Norwegian (official)
note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities

Oman
Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects

Pakistan
Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%,
Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%,
English (official and lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most
government ministries), Burushaski, and other 8%

Palau
English and Palauan official in all states except Sonsoral
(Sonsoralese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are
official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official)

Panama
Spanish (official), English 14%
note: many Panamanians bilingual

Papua New Guinea
Melanesian Pidgin serves as the lingua franca,
English spoken by 1%-2%, Motu spoken in Papua region
note: 715 indigenous languages — many unrelated

Paraguay
Spanish (official), Guarani (official)

Peru
Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara, and a large
number of minor Amazonian languages

Philippines
two official languages - Filipino (based on Tagalog) and
English; eight major dialects - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocan, Hiligaynon
or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinense

Pitcairn Islands
English (official), Pitcairnese (mixture of an 18th
century English dialect and a Tahitian dialect)

Poland
Polish

Portugal
Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official - but locally
used)

Puerto Rico
Spanish, English

Qatar
Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language

Reunion
French (official), Creole widely used

Romania
Romanian (official), Hungarian, German

Russia
Russian, other

Rwanda
Kinyarwanda (official) universal Bantu vernacular, French
(official), English (official), Kiswahili (Swahili) used in
commercial centers

Saint Helena
English

Saint Kitts and Nevis
English

Saint Lucia
English (official), French patois

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
French (official)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
English, French patois

Samoa
Samoan (Polynesian), English

San Marino
Italian

Sao Tome and Principe
Portuguese (official)

Saudi Arabia
Arabic

Senegal
French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka

Serbia and Montenegro
Serbian 95%, Albanian 5%

Seychelles
English (official), French (official), Creole

Sierra Leone
English (official, regular use limited to literate
minority), Mende (principal vernacular in the south), Temne
(principal vernacular in the north), Krio (English-based Creole,
spoken by the descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled
in the Freetown area, a lingua franca and a first language for 10%
of the population but understood by 95%)

Singapore
Chinese (official), Malay (official and national), Tamil
(official), English (official)

Slovakia
Slovak (official), Hungarian

Slovenia
Slovenian 92%, Serbo-Croatian 6.2%, other 1.8%

Solomon Islands
Melanesian pidgin in much of the country is lingua
franca; English is official but spoken by only 1%-2% of the
population
note: 120 indigenous languages

Somalia
Somali (official), Arabic, Italian, English

South Africa
11 official languages, including Afrikaans, English,
Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu

Spain
Castilian Spanish 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2%
note: Castilian is the official language nationwide; the other
languages are official regionally

Sri Lanka
Sinhala (official and national language) 74%, Tamil
(national language) 18%, other 8%
note: English is commonly used in government and is spoken
competently by about 10% of the population

Sudan
Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of
Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English
note: program of "Arabization" in process

Suriname
Dutch (official), English (widely spoken), Sranang Tongo
(Surinamese, sometimes called Taki-Taki, is native language of
Creoles and much of the younger population and is lingua franca
among others), Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), Javanese

Svalbard
Norwegian, Russian

Swaziland
English (official, government business conducted in
English), siSwati (official)

Sweden
Swedish
note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities

Switzerland
German (official) 63.7%, French (official) 19.2%,
Italian (official) 7.6%, Romansch (official) 0.6%, other 8.9%

Syria
Arabic (official); Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian
widely understood; French, English somewhat understood

Taiwan
Mandarin Chinese (official), Taiwanese (Min), Hakka dialects

Tajikistan
Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and
business

Tanzania
Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguju (name for Swahili
in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce,
administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken in
Zanzibar), many local languages
note: Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people
living in Zanzibar and nearby coastal Tanzania; although Kiswahili
is Bantu in structure and origin, its vocabulary draws on a variety
of sources, including Arabic and English, and it has become the
lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language of
most people is one of the local languages

Thailand
Thai, English (secondary language of the elite), ethnic and
regional dialects

Togo
French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina
(the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes
spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the
north)

Tokelau
Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English

Tonga
Tongan, English

Trinidad and Tobago
English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish,
Chinese

Tunisia
Arabic (official and one of the languages of commerce),
French (commerce)

Turkey
Turkish (official), Kurdish, Arabic, Armenian, Greek

Turkmenistan
Turkmen 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%

Turks and Caicos Islands
English (official)

Tuvalu
Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)

Uganda
English (official national language, taught in grade schools,
used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio
broadcasts), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo
languages, preferred for native language publications in the capital
and may be taught in school), other Niger-Congo languages,
Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic

Ukraine
Ukrainian, Russian, Romanian, Polish, Hungarian

United Arab Emirates
Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu

United Kingdom
English, Welsh (about 26% of the population of
Wales), Scottish form of Gaelic (about 60,000 in Scotland)

United States
English, Spanish (spoken by a sizable minority)

Uruguay
Spanish, Portunol, or Brazilero (Portuguese-Spanish mix on
the Brazilian frontier)

Uzbekistan
Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1%

Vanuatu
three official languages: English, French, pidgin (known as
Bislama or Bichelama), plus more than 100 local languages

Venezuela
Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects

Vietnam
Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a
second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer; mountain area
languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)

Virgin Islands
English (official), Spanish, Creole

Wallis and Futuna
French, Wallisian (indigenous Polynesian language)

West Bank
Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many
Palestinians), English (widely understood)

Western Sahara
Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic

World
Chinese, Mandarin 14.37%, Hindi 6.02%, English 5.61%, Spanish
5.59%, Bengali 3.4%, Portuguese 2.63%, Russian 2.75%, Japanese
2.06%, German, Standard 1.64%, Korean 1.28%, French 1.27% (2000 est.)
note: percents are for "first language" speakers only

Yemen
Arabic

Zambia
English (official), major vernaculars - Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi,
Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga, and about 70 other indigenous languages

Zimbabwe
English (official), Shona, Sindebele (the language of the
Ndebele, sometimes called Ndebele), numerous but minor tribal
dialects

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

@2100 Legal system

Afghanistan
according to the new constitution, no law should be
"contrary to Islam"; the state is obliged to create a prosperous and
progressive society based on social justice, protection of human
dignity, protection of human rights, realization of democracy, and
to ensure national unity and equality among all ethnic groups and
tribes; the state shall abide by the UN charter, international
treaties, international conventions that Afghanistan signed, and the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Akrotiri
the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply

Albania
has a civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction; has accepted jurisdiction of the International
Criminal Court for its citizens

Algeria
socialist, based on French and Islamic law; judicial review
of legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of
various public officials, including several Supreme Court justices;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

American Samoa
NA

Andorra
based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review
of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Angola
based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law;
recently modified to accommodate political pluralism and increased
use of free markets

Anguilla
based on English common law

Antarctica
Antarctica is administered through meetings of the
consultative member nations; decisions from these meetings are
carried out by these member nations (with respect to their own
nationals and operations) in accordance with their own national
laws; US law, including certain criminal offenses by or against US
nationals, such as murder, may apply extra-territorially; some US
laws directly apply to Antarctica; for example, the Antarctic
Conservation Act, 16 U.S.C. section 2401 et seq., provides civil and
criminal penalties for the following activities, unless authorized
by regulation of statute: the taking of native mammals or birds; the
introduction of nonindigenous plants and animals; entry into
specially protected areas; the discharge or disposal of pollutants;
and the importation into the US of certain items from Antarctica;
violation of the Antarctic Conservation Act carries penalties of up
to $10,000 in fines and one year in prison; the National Science
Foundation and Department of Justice share enforcement
responsibilities; Public Law 95-541, the US Antarctic Conservation
Act of 1978, as amended in 1996, requires expeditions from the US to
Antarctica to notify, in advance, the Office of Oceans, Room 5805,
Department of State, Washington, DC 20520, which reports such plans
to other nations as required by the Antarctic Treaty; for more
information, contact Permit Office, Office of Polar Programs,
National Science Foundation, Arlington, Virginia 22230; telephone:
(703) 292-8030, or visit their website at www.nsf.gov

Antigua and Barbuda
based on English common law

Argentina
mixture of US and West European legal systems; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Armenia
based on civil law system

Aruba
based on Dutch civil law system, with some English common law
influence

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
the laws of the Commonwealth of
Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where
applicable, apply

Australia
based on English common law; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

Austria
civil law system with Roman law origin; judicial review of
legislative acts by the Constitutional Court; separate
administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; accepts compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction

Azerbaijan
based on civil law system

Bahamas, The
based on English common law

Bahrain
based on Islamic law and English common law

Baker Island
the laws of the US, where applicable, apply

Bangladesh
based on English common law

Barbados
English common law; no judicial review of legislative acts

Bassas da India
the laws of France, where applicable, apply

Belarus
based on civil law system

Belgium
civil law system influenced by English constitutional
theory; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

Belize
English law

Benin
based on French civil law and customary law; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Bermuda
English law

Bhutan
based on Indian law and English common law; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Bolivia
based on Spanish law and Napoleonic Code; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Bosnia and Herzegovina
based on civil law system

Botswana
based on Roman-Dutch law and local customary law; judicial
review limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Bouvet Island
the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply

Brazil
based on Roman codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

British Indian Ocean Territory
the laws of the UK, where applicable,
apply

British Virgin Islands
English law

Brunei
based on English common law; for Muslims, Islamic Shari'a law
supersedes civil law in a number of areas

Bulgaria
civil law and criminal law based on Roman law; accepts
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Burkina Faso
based on French civil law system and customary law

Burma
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Burundi
based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Cambodia
primarily a civil law mixture of French-influenced codes
from the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC)
period, royal decrees, and acts of the legislature, with influences
of customary law and remnants of communist legal theory; increasing
influence of common law in recent years

Cameroon
based on French civil law system, with common law
influence; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Canada
based on English common law, except in Quebec, where civil
law system based on French law prevails; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

Cape Verde
derived from the legal system of Portugal

Cayman Islands
British common law and local statutes

Central African Republic
based on French law

Chad
based on French civil law system and Chadian customary law; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Chile
based on Code of 1857 derived from Spanish law and subsequent
codes influenced by French and Austrian law; judicial review of
legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction
note: Chile is in the process of completely overhauling its criminal
justice system; a new, US-style adversarial system is being
gradually implemented throughout the country with the final stage of
implementation in the Santiago metropolitan region expected in June
2005

China
a complex amalgam of custom and statute, largely criminal law;
rudimentary civil code in effect since 1 January 1987; new legal
codes in effect since 1 January 1980; continuing efforts are being
made to improve civil, administrative, criminal, and commercial law

Christmas Island
under the authority of the governor general of
Australia and Australian law

Clipperton Island
the laws of France, where applicable, apply

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
based upon the laws of Australia and local
laws

Colombia
based on Spanish law; a new criminal code modeled after US
procedures was enacted in 1992-93; judicial review of executive and
legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with
reservations

Comoros
French and Sharia (Islamic) law in a new consolidated code

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
based on Belgian civil law system
and tribal law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Congo, Republic of the
based on French civil law system and
customary law

Cook Islands
based on New Zealand law and English common law

Coral Sea Islands
the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply

Costa Rica
based on Spanish civil law system; judicial review of
legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

Cote d'Ivoire
based on French civil law system and customary law;
judicial review in the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Croatia
based on civil law system

Cuba
based on Spanish and American law, with large elements of
Communist legal theory; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Cyprus
based on common law, with civil law modifications

Czech Republic
civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to
bring it in line with Organization on Security and Cooperation in
Europe (OSCE) obligations and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal
theory

Denmark
civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts;
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Dhekelia
the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply

Djibouti
based on French civil law system, traditional practices,
and Islamic law

Dominica
based on English common law

Dominican Republic
based on French civil codes; undergoing
modification in 2004 towards an accusatory system

East Timor
UN-drafted legal system based on Indonesian law remains
in place but will be replaced by civil and penal codes based on
Portuguese law (2004)

Ecuador
based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

Egypt
based on English common law, Islamic law, and Napoleonic
codes; judicial review by Supreme Court and Council of State
(oversees validity of administrative decisions); accepts compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

El Salvador
based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law;
judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Equatorial Guinea
partly based on Spanish civil law and tribal custom

Eritrea
primary basis is the Ethiopian legal code of 1957, with
revisions; new civil, commercial, and penal codes have not yet been
promulgated; also relies on customary and post-independence-enacted
laws and, for civil cases involving Muslims, Sharia law

Estonia
based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative
acts

Ethiopia
currently transitional mix of national and regional courts

Europa Island
the laws of France, where applicable, apply

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
English common law

Faroe Islands
Danish

Fiji
based on British system

Finland
civil law system based on Swedish law; the president may
request the Supreme Court to review laws; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

France
civil law system with indigenous concepts; review of
administrative but not legislative acts

French Guiana
French legal system

French Polynesia
based on French system

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
the laws of France, where
applicable, apply

Gabon
based on French civil law system and customary law; judicial
review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme
Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Gambia, The
based on a composite of English common law, Koranic law,
and customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with
reservations

Georgia
based on civil law system

Germany
civil law system with indigenous concepts; judicial review
of legislative acts in the Federal Constitutional Court; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Ghana
based on English common law and customary law; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Gibraltar
English law

Glorioso Islands
the laws of France, where applicable, apply

Greece
based on codified Roman law; judiciary divided into civil,
criminal, and administrative courts

Greenland
Danish

Grenada
based on English common law

Guadeloupe
French legal system

Guam
modeled on US; US federal laws apply

Guatemala
civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Guernsey
English law and local statute; justice is administered by
the Royal Court

Guinea
based on French civil law system, customary law, and decree;
legal codes currently being revised; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

Guinea-Bissau
NA

Guyana
based on English common law with certain admixtures of
Roman-Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Haiti
based on Roman civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

Heard Island and McDonald Islands
the laws of Australia, where
applicable, apply

Holy See (Vatican City)
based on Code of Canon Law and revisions to
it

Honduras
rooted in Roman and Spanish civil law with increasing
influence of English common law; recent judicial reforms include
abandoning Napoleonic legal codes in favor of the oral adversarial
system; accepts ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Hong Kong
based on English common law

Howland Island
the laws of the US, where applicable, apply

Hungary
rule of law based on Western model

Iceland
civil law system based on Danish law; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

India
based on English common law; limited judicial review of
legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with
reservations

Indonesia
based on Roman-Dutch law, substantially modified by
indigenous concepts and by new criminal procedures and election
codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Iran
the Constitution codifies Islamic principles of government

Iraq
based on civil and Islamic law under the Iraqi Interim
Government (IG) and Transitional Administrative Law (TAL)

Ireland
based on English common law, substantially modified by
indigenous concepts; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme
Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Israel
mixture of English common law, British Mandate regulations,
and, in personal matters, Jewish, Christian, and Muslim legal
systems; in December 1985, Israel informed the UN Secretariat that
it would no longer accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Italy
based on civil law system; appeals treated as new trials;
judicial review under certain conditions in Constitutional Court;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Jamaica
based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

Jan Mayen
the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply

Japan
modeled after European civil law system with English-American
influence; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court;
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations

Jarvis Island
the laws of the US, where applicable, apply

Jersey
English law and local statute; justice is administered by the
Royal Court

Johnston Atoll
the laws of the US, where applicable, apply

Jordan
based on Islamic law and French codes; judicial review of
legislative acts in a specially provided High Tribunal; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Juan de Nova Island
the laws of France, where applicable, apply

Kazakhstan
based on civil law system

Kenya
based on Kenyan statutory law, Kenyan and English common law,
tribal law, and Islamic law; judicial review in High Court; accepts
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutional
amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de jure one-party state repealed in
1991

Kingman Reef
the laws of the US, where applicable, apply

Kiribati
NA

Korea, North
based on German civil law system with Japanese
influences and Communist legal theory; no judicial review of
legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Korea, South
combines elements of continental European civil law
systems, Anglo-American law, and Chinese classical thought

Kuwait
civil law system with Islamic law significant in personal
matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Kyrgyzstan
based on civil law system

Laos
based on traditional customs, French legal norms and
procedures, and socialist practice

Latvia
based on civil law system

Lebanon
mixture of Ottoman law, canon law, Napoleonic code, and
civil law; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Lesotho
based on English common law and Roman-Dutch law; judicial
review of legislative acts in High Court and Court of Appeal; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Liberia
dual system of statutory law based on Anglo-American common
law for the modern sector and customary law based on unwritten
tribal practices for indigenous sector

Libya
based on Italian civil law system and Islamic law; separate
religious courts; no constitutional provision for judicial review of
legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Liechtenstein
local civil and penal codes; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

Lithuania
based on civil law system; legislative acts can be
appealed to the constitutional court

Luxembourg
based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

Macau
based on Portuguese civil law system

Macedonia
based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative
acts

Madagascar
based on French civil law system and traditional Malagasy
law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Malawi
based on English common law and customary law; judicial
review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Malaysia
based on English common law; judicial review of legislative
acts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of the
federation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Maldives
based on Islamic law with admixtures of English common law
primarily in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

Mali
based on French civil law system and customary law; judicial
review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court (which was
formally established on 9 March 1994); has not accepted compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction

Malta
based on English common law and Roman civil law; accepts
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Man, Isle of
English common law and Manx statute

Marshall Islands
based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the
legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws

Martinique
French legal system

Mauritania
a combination of Shari'a (Islamic law) and French civil
law

Mauritius
based on French civil law system with elements of English
common law in certain areas

Mayotte
French law

Mexico
mixture of US constitutional theory and civil law system;
judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

Micronesia, Federated States of based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws

Midway Islands
the laws of the US, where applicable, apply

Moldova
based on civil law system; Constitutional Court reviews
legality of legislative acts and governmental decisions of
resolution; it is unclear if Moldova accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction but accepts many UN and Organization for Security and
Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) documents

Monaco
based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

Mongolia
blend of Soviet, German, and US systems that combine
"continental" or "civil" code and case-precedent; constitution
ambiguous on judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Montserrat
English common law and statutory law

Morocco
based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law
system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional
Chamber of Supreme Court

Mozambique
based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law

Namibia
based on Roman-Dutch law and 1990 constitution

Nauru
acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law

Navassa Island
the laws of the US, where applicable, apply

Nepal
based on Hindu legal concepts and English common law; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Netherlands
civil law system incorporating French penal theory;
constitution does not permit judicial review of acts of the States
General; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Netherlands Antilles
based on Dutch civil law system with some
English common law influence

New Caledonia
the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy
to the islands; formerly under French law

New Zealand
based on English law, with special land legislation and
land courts for the Maori; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with
reservations

Nicaragua
civil law system; Supreme Court may review administrative
acts

Niger
based on French civil law system and customary law; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Nigeria
based on English common law, Islamic Shariah law (only in
some northern states), and traditional law

Niue
English common law
note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws

Norfolk Island
based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and
acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either
Australian or Norfolk Island law

Northern Mariana Islands
based on US system, except for customs,
wages, immigration laws, and taxation

Norway
mixture of customary law, civil law system, and common law
traditions; Supreme Court renders advisory opinions to legislature
when asked; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Oman
based on English common law and Islamic law; ultimate appeal to
the monarch; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Pakistan
based on English common law with provisions to accommodate
Pakistan's status as an Islamic state; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

Palau
based on Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature,
municipal, common, and customary laws

Palmyra Atoll
the laws of the US, where applicable, apply

Panama
based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative
acts in the Supreme Court of Justice; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

Papua New Guinea
based on English common law

Paraguay
based on Argentine codes, Roman law, and French codes;
judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court of Justice

Peru
based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction

Philippines
based on Spanish and Anglo-American law; accepts
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Pitcairn Islands
local island by-laws

Poland
mixture of Continental (Napoleonic) civil law and holdover
Communist legal theory; changes being gradually introduced as part
of broader democratization process; limited judicial review of
legislative acts, but rulings of the Constitutional Tribunal are
final; court decisions can be appealed to the European Court of
Justice in Strasbourg

Portugal
civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews the
constitutionality of legislation; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

Puerto Rico
based on Spanish civil code and within the US Federal
system of justice

Qatar
discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although
civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law dominates family and
personal matters

Reunion
French law

Romania
former mixture of civil law system and communist legal
theory; is now based on the constitution of France's Fifth Republic

Russia
based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts

Rwanda
based on German and Belgian civil law systems and customary
law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Saint Helena
NA

Saint Kitts and Nevis
based on English common law

Saint Lucia
based on English common law

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
French law with special adaptations for
local conditions, such as housing and taxation

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
based on English common law

Samoa
based on English common law and local customs; judicial review
of legislative acts with respect to fundamental rights of the
citizen; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

San Marino
based on civil law system with Italian law influences;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Sao Tome and Principe
based on Portuguese legal system and customary
law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Saudi Arabia
based on Islamic law, several secular codes have been
introduced; commercial disputes handled by special committees; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Senegal
based on French civil law system; judicial review of
legislative acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of State
audits the government's accounting office; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Serbia and Montenegro
based on civil law system

Seychelles
based on English common law, French civil law, and
customary law

Sierra Leone
based on English law and customary laws indigenous to
local tribes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Singapore
based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction

Slovakia
civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to comply
with the obligations of Organization on Security and Cooperation in
Europe (OSCE) and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory

Slovenia
based on civil law system

Solomon Islands
English common law, which is widely disregarded

Somalia
no national system; Shari'a and secular courts are in some
localities