Chapter IV

The Cinematographical Mechanism of Thought and the Mechanistic Illusion—A Glance at the History of Systems—Real Becoming and False Evolutionism

Sketch of a criticism of philosophical systems, based on the analysis of the idea of Immutability and of the idea of "Nothing"—Relation of metaphysical problems to the idea of "Nothing"—Real meaning of this idea

Form and Becoming

The philosophy of Forms and its conception of Becoming—Plato and Aristotle—The natural trend of the intellect

Becoming in modern science: two views of Time

The metaphysical interpretation of modern science: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz

The Criticism of Kant

The evolutionism of Spencer