Chaucer's Works, Volume 6 — Introduction, Glossary, and Indexes (part 6)

Trave, s. wooden frame for holding unruly horses, A 3282. O. F. tref, from Lat. acc. trabem, beam.

Travers, s. 'traverse,' a curtain, screen, T. iii. 674 (see note); E 1817.

Trayed, pt. s. betrayed, HF. 390; L. 2486. Cf. E. be-tray. See Traysen.

Trays, s. traces, T. i. 222; A 2139. O. F. trais, pl. of trait, a trace. The E. traces is a double plural; see trait in Littré.

Traysen, ger. to betray, T. iv. 438. From O.F. traiss-, a stem of the verb trair (F. trahir); see Trayed.

Trayteresse, s. fem. traitress, 3. 620, 813.

Traytour, s. traitor, R. 1051; A 1130; Traytours, gen. pl. of traitors, hence traitorous, C 896.

Treble, adj. triple, B 4. m 7. 26.

Trecherye, s. treachery, trickery, 5. 347; 7. 158; B 4520.

Trechoures, pl. traitors, R. 197. Spenser has treachour, F. Q. i. 4. 41; &c. O.F. tricheor.

Trede, 1 pr. pl. tread, A 3022; Tret, pr. s. treads, T. ii. 347; D 2002; Trad, pt. s. trode, B 4368; Troden, pt. pl. HF. 2153; Troden, pp. stepped, C 712.

Trede-foul, s. tread-fowl, treader of fowls, B 3135, 4641.

Treding, s. treading, B 3145.

Tree, s. tree, T. iii. 543; L. 785, 802; B 3933; wood, R. 948; T. ii. 47; D 101, E 558; the cross, A 3767, B 456; Trees, pl. R. 602, 605; 5. 173; A 607; B 4581.

Tragédie, s. tragedy, sad story, T. v. 1786; see Tragedie.

Tregetour, s. a juggler who used mechanical contrivances, HF. 1277 (see note); Tregetoures, pl. magicians who perform mechanical tricks, F 1141; Tregetours, F 1143; HF. 1260. O.F. tresgetteres (Roquefort).

Tremour, s. tremor, T. v. 255.

Trench, s. a hollow walk, alley, F 392. F. trancher, to cut.

Trenchant, adj. cutting, sharp, A 3930.

Trenden, v. revolve, B 3. m 11. 2. See trenden, in Stratmann.

Trentals, pl. (sets of) thirty masses for the dead, D 1717, 1724.

Tresor, s. treasure, wealth, 4. 256; 7. 32; L. 1652, 2658; B 442, C 779; Tresoor, D 204; Tresore, 3. 854; Tresour, R. 1180; T. iii. 874; B 3401; Tresours, pl. R. 184.

Tresorere, s. treasurer, 1. 107; 19. 18.

Tresorie, s. treasury, HF. 524; I 893.

Tresoun, s. treason, treachery, 9. 63; L. 1783; D 723; Treson, A 2001, F 139, 506; Tresón, betrayal, 3. 1122; Traisoun, B 4307; Tresons, pl. treasons, C 91.

Trespace, v. trespass, do wrong, transgress, sin, R. 1036; B 3370; Trespassen, 2 pr. pl. I 138.

Trespas, s. trespass, wrong, B 2547, F 1366; fault, transgression, L. 408, 463; 4. 49.

Trespassours, s. pl. offenders, B 2548.

Tresse, s. a (three-fold) plait (of hair), R. 779; HF. 230; A 1049; Tresses, pl. braids (of hair), R. 1021, 1107; L. 249; C 37, E 2308.

Tresse, ger. to dress (my) hair, to plait, R. 599; Tressed, pp. plaited, R. 569, 779; D 344.

Tressour, s. head-dress, R. 568. Probably a 'caul,' or net of gold thread. O.F. tressoir, tressour, treçoer; cf. Low Lat. tressorium.

Tret, pr. s. of Trede.

Tretáble, adj. tractable, docile, I 658; yielding, L. 411; inclinable, 3. 923; inclined to talk, 3. 533. Lit. 'treatable.'

Trete (trèètə), v. treat, T. iv. 58, v. 134; treat of, tell, 5. 34; ger. to treat, B 3501; to treat of, write, L. 575; Treten, ger. to speak, converse, C 64; Treten, pr. pl. treat, narrate, T. i. 742; Trete, pr. pl. discourse, treat, B 4453, C 630, F 220; L. 275 a, 309 a; Treted, pp. explained, B 5. p 1. 2.

Tretee, s. treaty, HF. 433; A 1288, B 3865, C 619; treaty, discussion, F 1219; agreement, E 1892.

Tretis, s. treaty, T. iv. 64, 136, 670; B 233; treatise, account, T. ii. 1697; treatise, A. pr. 4; story, B 2147; Tretice, treatise, I 957; Tretys, a treaty, E 331; Tretis, pl. treatises, A. ii. 34. 10.

Tretys, adj. well-proportioned, long, A 152; well-fashioned, R. 1016, 1216; graceful, R. 932. O.F. tretis, traitis; see vol. i. p. 144, l. 1201 of the French text.

Trewe, adj. true, 3. 1287; 6. 44; A 531, B 135, D 1243, F 465; honest, L. 464; Trewe, adj. faithful, B 2. m 5. 2 (Lat. fidelibus); Trew, honest, F 537; as sb. pl. the faithful, B 456. A.S. trēowe, trȳwe.

Trewe, adv. correctly, 8. 4.

Trewe, s. truce, T. iii. 1779, iv. 58; Truwe, T. iv. 1312, 1314; Trewes, pl. the days of truce, T. v. 401. A.S. trēow.

Trewe love, s. true-love, probably a leaf of herb paris (see note), A 3692.

Trewely, adv. truly, certainly, 3. 33, 35, 1048, 1197; L. 317; A 481, 761, E 53, F 910; Trewly, 3. 1111, 1151; Treweliche, E 804.

Trewer, adj. truer, 6. 117.

Trewer, adv. more truly, 3. 927.

Treweste, adj. superl. truest, F 1539; Trewest (before a vowel), 7. 217.

Treye, num. 'tray,' three, C 653. O. F. trei, treis; Lat. tres.

Triacle, s. a sovereign remedy, B 479, C 314. O. F. triacle, Low Lat. theriacum, Gk. θηριακόν, a remedy against the wounds made by wild beasts; from θήρ, a wild beast.

Tribulacioun, s. tribulation, T. v. 988; D 156.

Tributary, adj. tributary, subject, 3. 765; Tributarie, B 3866.

Trikled, pt. pl. trickled, B 1864; Trikling, pres. pt. D 1864.

Trille, v. turn, twirl, F 316; imp. pl. Trille, F 321. Cf. Swed. trilla, to roll, turn round.

Trinitee, s. Trinity, D 1824.

Trip, s. small piece, D 1747 (see note).

Trippe, v. dance, A 3328; Trippe, ger. to trip, to move briskly with the feet, F 312. Cf. Du. trippen, to skip, trippelen, to trip along.

Trist, s. trust, T. i. 154, iii. 403.

Triste, s. tryst, station, T. ii. 1534. See tristre, in Stratmann.

Triste, v. trust, L. 333; T. i. 692, iii. 258, 587; B 2300; ger. to trust (to), L. 1885; I 473; Triste, 1 pr. s. B 832; Tristest, 2 pr. s. trustest, T. i. 720. Cf. Icel. treysta. See Truste.

Tristicia, sadness, I 725.

Triúmphe, s. triumph, 7. 43; B 400.

Troden; see Trede.

Trogh, s. trough, A 3627; Trough, A 4043. A.S. trog.

Trompe (trumpə), s. trumpet, L. 635; A 674, 2174, B 705, I 160; Trompes, gen. sing. trumpet's, 5. 344; Trompes, pl. 9. 23. O. F. trompe.

Tromped, pt. s. sounded the trumpet, E 1719.

Trompes, pl. trumpeters, 7. 30; A 2671. Trompe occurs in this sense in R. Eden, First Three Books on America, ed. Arber, p. 5, l. 9.

Trompours, pl. trumpeters, A 2671 n.

Tronchoun, s. broken shaft of a spear, A 2615. O. F. tronchon.

Trone, s. throne, T. iv. 1079, 1086; HF. 1384, 1397; A 2529, F 275; throne (of God), heaven, C 842. O. F. trone.

Tropik, s. the turning-point, a name for the solstitial points, A. i. 17. 8, 39.

Tropos, s. a turning; but interpreted by Chaucer to mean 'agaynward,' i.e. backward, A. i. 17. 8. Gk. τρόπος, a turn.

Troste, ger. to trust, L. 253 a. See Truste.

Trotte, v.; Trotteth, pr. s. trots, i.e. goes, is, E 1538; Trotte, imp. s. D 838.

Troublable, adj. disturbing, B 4. m 2. 7.

Trouble, adj. tempestuous, turbid, B 1. m 7. 2; I 816; turbid, dull, H 279; disturbed, I 537; anxious, E 465; vexed, 6. 133.

Troubled, pp. as adj. 4. 161.

Troubly, adj. cloudy, obscure, B 4. m 5. 24. (Lat. nubilus).

Trough, s. A 4043; Trogh, A 3627.

Trouthe, s. truth, 2. 74; 11. 10; 13. 7; A 46, G 238, I 349; fidelity, L. 267; troth, promise, 7. 227; A 1610, B 527, 3118, D 1009, 1013, E 2386, F 627, 645, 759, 998, 1320, 1601; Trouthes, pl. troth, C 702. A.S. trēowð.

Trowen, v. believe, HF. 699; T. i. 1020, v. 1635; ger. L. 1707; Trowe, v. T. ii. 956; G 378; Trowe, 1 pr. s. trow, believe, imagine, A 155, 524, B 288, 400, 1074, C 689, G 667, H 44; 3. 687; 5. 677; Trow, 1 pr. s. 3. 269, 544; Trowest, 2 pr. s. 3. 651; D 1557; Trowestow, dost thou think, B 1. p 3. 16; B 4. p 2. 91; Troweth, pr. s. believes, B 2364; Trowe, 2 pr. pl. G 171; pr. pl. B 222; Trowen, pr. pl. believe (in), give trust (to), L. 21 a; Trowed, pt. s. believed, A 3416; pp. A 1520; Trowinge, pres. pt. trusting, B 2636. A.S. trēowian.

Troyewardes, to, towards Troy, T. i. 59.

Trufles, s. pl. trifles, I 715. O. F. trufle.

Trumpen, v. blow the trumpet, HF. 1243; Trumpe, v. HF. 1629.

Trussed, pp. packed, A 681. O. F. trousser.

Truste, 1 pr. pl. trust, A 501; Truste, imp. s. let him trust, B 3914; Trusteth, imp. pl. trust, believe, HF. 66; L. 2561; A 2182, B 1048, E 1561, G 229, 889, I 42; be sure, R. 649. See Troste, Triste.

Truwe, s. truce, T. iv. 1312, 1314. See Trewe.

Tryce, v. pull, drag away, B 3715. Cf. E. trice up (nautical term); Dan. tridse, Swed. trissa, a pulley, roller. See trisen in Stratmann, and trice (2) in my Etym. Dict.

Trye, adj. choice, excellent, B 2046. From F. trier, to choose, select.

Tryne compas, the threefold world, containing earth, sea, and heaven, G 45. Lat. trinus, threefold.

Tubbe, s. tub, A 3621; Tubbes, pl. A 3626.

Tuel, s. pipe, slender chimney, HF. 1649. O. F. tuel; Cotgrave has tuyau, a pipe. See Tuwel.

Tuft, s. tuft, A 555.

Tukked, pp. tucked, A 621.

Tulle, v. entice, allure, A 4134. See note; and see Tollen.

Tunge, s. tongue, 1. 128, 4. 72; Tunges, pl. 4. 206. See Tonge.

Turet, s. the eye in which the ring of the astrolabe turned, A. i. 2. 1. Cotgrave has 'Touret, the little ring by which a Hawkes lune, or leash, is fastened unto the Jesses.' See the note in Warton (Hist. E. P. ii. 315, ed. 1871), which seems to make the word equivalent to a swivel. See also Torets.

Turment, s. torment, R. 274. See Torment.

Turmente, ger. to vex, L. 871; v. torment, L. 1165. See Tormente.

Turne, ger. to turn, A 2454; v. turn (in a lathe), A 3928; Turnen, v. return, L. 2619; Turne, 3 imp. s. may he turn, HF. 1, 58; Turne we, let us turn, 7. 204; Turned, pp. turned, 3. 599, 609; turned, at an end, 3. 689. See Tornen.

Turneyinge, s. tournament, A 2557; Turneying, jousting, mock tournament, R. 1407. See Torney.

Turtel, s. turtle-dove, 5. 355, 510, 577; A 3706, E 2080; Turtles, gen. sing. E 2139; pl. R. 662.

Turves, s. pl. pieces of turf, turf-plots, patches of turf, L. 204; E 2235.

Tusked, provided with tusks, F 1254.

Tuskes, pl. tusks, T. v. 1238, 1454.

Tuwel, s. hole, D 2148; Tuel, D 2148 n; pipe, slender chimney, HF. 1649. See Tuel.

Twelf, twelve, C 30, D 2257, E 736; Twelve, 3. 420, 463; A 527, F 383. A.S. twelf.

Twelfmonth, s. twelvemonth, year, A 651, D 909.

Twelfte, adj. twelfth, 4. 139. A.S. twelfta.

Twenty, twenty, A 24, 82, 294; a tw. devel weye, in the name of twenty devils, G 782. See Devil.

Tweye, two, A 704, 792, B 3214, 3356, 3547; C 30, 817, 824, &c.; Twey, B 2203; tw. and tw., in pairs, A 898. A.S. twegen.

Tweyfold, adj. twofold, double, G 566.

Tweyne, twain, 2. 76; 4. 95; 7. 285; 20. 6; L. 268, 1963, 2489, 2495; T. iii. 1115; A 1134, F 756, 809, 1062.

Twigges, s. pl. twigs, HF. 1936, 1941; I 389, 390.

Twighte, pt. s. twitched, drew quickly, T. iv. 1185; Twight, pp. distraught, (lit. twitched), T. iv. 572; pulled, D 1563. The infin. is twicchen.

Twinkeling, s. twinkling, opening and shutting (of the eye), 4. 222; Twinkling, momentary blinking, E 37.

Twinkled, pt. pl. twinkled, A 267; pp. winked, B 2. p 3. 49.

Twinne, v. sever, part, T. iv. 1197; L. 2032; tw. from his wit, lose his mind, 7. 102; depart, B 3195, F 577; ger. to separate, B 517; to depart (from), C 430; Twinne, 1 pr. s. sever, part, T. iv. 758; 1 pr. pl. separate, A 835; 2 pr. pl. depart, G 182; pr. pl. separate, T. iii. 1711; Twinned, pp. separated, T. iv. 476.

Twinninge, s. separation, T. iv. 1303.

Twiste, s. (1) twist, tendril, T. iii. 1230; (2) twig, small branch, spray, E 2349, F 442.

Twiste, v. wring, torment, F 566; Twiste, 1 pt. s. tortured, D 494; Twiste, pt. s. wrung, E 2005; pt. pl. wrung, T. iv. 254; Twiste, pt. s. subj. would compel, constrain, T. iii. 1769; Twist, pp. twisted, HF. 775.

Twitereth, pr. s. twitters, chirps, B 3. m 2. 21.

Two, two, A 639; two so riche, twice as rich, L. 2291. Cf. Ten.

Two-foted, adj. two-footed, B 5. p 4. 138.

Two-third, two-third; two-thrid partyes, two-third parts, two-thirds, A. ii. 41 b. 7.

Twyes, adv. twice, A 4348, B 1058, 1738, 2223, 3049, 3337; A. pr. 35; Twye, A. i. 16. 13.

Twyn, s. twine, cord; Twynes, gen. sing. of cord, A 2030; Twyne, dat. L. 2016.

Twyne, v. twine, twist, T. v. 7.

Tyd, sb. time, hour, A. ii. 3. 10; T. ii. 1739; (usually) Tyde, R. 1452; 5. 97; L. 304 a; B 4286; season, F 142; Tyde, dat. T. i. 954; B 510, 798 (see note); on a tyde, on a time, 4. 51; Tydes, pl. tides, A 401; times, hours (Lat. horas), B 1. m 5. 13. A.S. tīd.

Tyden, v. befall, happen, B 337; Tydes, pr. s. betides, happens, comes (to), (a Northern form) A 4175; Tydeth, pr. s. happens, 4. 402; B 2. p 5. 105; Tit, pr. s. betides, T. i. 333; Tid, pp. betided, happened, T. i. 907, ii. 224, 464; HF. 255. A.S. tīdan.

Tydif, s. small bird, perhaps the titmouse, L. 154. See note; and see Tidifs.

Tyding, s. a piece of news, HF. 2045; B 726, E 901; Tydinge, T. ii. 951; Tydinges, pl. tidings, T. ii. 1113; HF. 1888, 1894, 1907; B 129, E 752.

Tygre, s. tiger, A 1677, E 1199, F 419, 543; B 3. p 8. 21; Tygres, gen. pl. HF. 1459.

Tyle, s. tile, D 2105; Tyles, pl. 3. 300; layers of bricks, L. 709.

Tyme, s. time, A 35, 44, 102; G 1204; by tyme, early, betimes, L. 452; in good tyme, 3. 370; Tymes, pl. times, L. 1; A 534, E 226; hours, 5. 283; moments, R. 380; (preceded by a number) Tyme, gen. pl. times, T. i. 441, 457, v. 191; A 3996, D 1254, F 370. A.S. tīma; gen. pl. tīma (preceded by a number).

Tymely, adj. timely, soon, I 1066.

Tyne, s. barrel, large cask, 12. 9. O. F. tine.

Tyraunt, s. tyrant, 5. 334; A 961, B 3727; ruler, B 3. p 5. 17; Tyraunts, pl. 9. 33; F 1368. See Tiraunt.

Tyren, v. tear, rend, B 3. m 12. 30; Tyren, pr. pl. pull to pieces, T. i. 787. Probably from F. tirer, 'to draw, drag, ... pull, pluck, lug, tug'; Cotgrave.

Tytheres, pl. payers of tithes, D 1312.

Tythes, pl. tithes, A 486, D 1315.

Tytled, pp. dedicated, I 894.

Ugly, adj. E 673.

Umble, adj.. humble, B 2. m 1. 7 n.

Umbra extensa, or recta, the lower part of the 'skale'; Umbra versa, the upper part of the same, or the part perpendicular to the 'crossline,' A. i. 12, 6; A. ii. 42. 1. See Fig. 1.

Umbreyde, pt. s. upbraided, reproached, L. 1671. The prefix is the A.S. ymb-, about.

Unable, adj. wanting in ability, 15. 10.

Unagreable, adj. miserable, B 1. m 1. 20 (Lat. ingratas).

Unapt, adj. indisposed, T. i. 978.

Unassayed, adj. unexperienced, unproved, B 2. p 4. 69.

Unavysed, pp. unadvised, unaware, T. i. 378; unpremeditated, I 449.

Unbinde, ger. to unbind, 5. 523.

Unbityde, v. fail to happen, B 5. p 4. 24, p 6. 116.

Unbodie, v. leave the body, T. v. 1550.

Unbokele, v. unbuckle, F 555; Unbokeled, pp. unbuckled, A 3115; Unbokel, imp. s. undo, C 945. I 26.

Unbore, pp. unborn, T. iii. 269.

Unbounden, pp. unbound, unwedded, divorced, E 1226.

Unbowed, adj. unbent, B 4. m 7. 42.

Unbrent, pp. unburnt, B 1658; Unbrende, pp. pl. HF. 173.

Unbroyden, pp. unbraided, T. iv. 817. A.S. brogden, pp of bregdan.

Unbrydled, unbridled, T. iii. 429.

Unburied, pp. F 1441.

Unbuxumnesse, s. unsubmissiveness, 24. 27 (vol. iv. p. xxvi).

Uncerteyn, adj. uncertain, E 125.

Uncircumscript, pp. incomprehensible, boundless, T. v. 1865.

Uncle, s. T. ii. 87, 98, 122.

Unclose, v. open, L. 65, 111; Unclosed, pp. L. 117.

Unclothede, pt. s. stripped, B 4. m 7. 7.

Uncommitted, pp. not entrusted to one, 5. 518.

Unconninge, adj. ignorant, B 5. m 3. 25; Unconning, unskilful, 6. 75; Uncunninge, foolish, B 1. p 1. 43; Unkonning, unskilful, A 2393; Unkonninge, stupid, T. v. 1139. See Uncunninge.

Unconninge, s. ignorance, B 3066, I 1082; want of skill, 22, 69.

Unconstreyned, pp. unconstrained, C 61.

Unconvenable, adj. unsuitable, I 431. See Uncovenable.

Uncouple, v. to let loose, B 3692. See note.

Uncoupling, s. 3. 377.

Uncouth, adj. curious, A 2497; strange, HF. 1279 (where the text has uncouthe, but read uncouth); Unkouth, strange, T. ii. 151; Uncouth, foreign, B 2. p 2. 35; Uncouthe, pl. F 284. A.S. uncūð.

Uncouthly, adv. uncommonly, strikingly, R. 584.

Uncovenable, adj. unseemly, I 631; unfit, B 4. p 6. 208. See Unconvenable.

Uncovered, pp. I 631.

Uncunninge, adj. ignorant, foolish, B 1. p 1. 43; Unkunninge, ignorant, R. 686. See Unconninge.

Uncurteisly, adv. rudely, E 2363.

Undefouled, undefiled, B 2. p 4. 17.

Undepartable, adj. inseparable, B 4. p 3. 39.

Under, prep. under, A 195, 393; beneath, T. i. 923; amongst, with, B 3. p 3. 36 (Lat. sub).

Undergrowe, pp. of short stature. A 156.

Underlinges, s. pl. underlings, I 764.

Undermeles, pl. undern-times, perhaps afternoons, D 875. See the note. 'Undermele, Post-meridies'; Prompt. Parv.

Undern, s. B 4412, E 260, 981. A particular time in the morning is here implied, either about 9 a.m., or somewhat later. As 9 a.m. is frequently called prime, perhaps we may take undern to mean about the middle of the forenoon (from 9 a.m. to 12), i.e. about half past 10. But see the note to E 260, where it is pointed out that the time of undern varied. It is allied to under, and means 'intervening period.' The original sense was probably mid-forenoon, i.e. at 9 a.m. (half-way between 6 and 12), or mid-afternoon, i.e. 3 p.m. (half-way between noon and 6 p.m.). Then, as prime shifted from 6 to 9 a.m., undern shifted from 9 to 10 or half-past ten. Not long ago, labourers spoke of their levenses or fourses, or their repasts at 11 a.m. and 4 p.m. Cf. Gothic undaurnimats, lit. 'undern-meat,' used to translate Gk. ἄριστον, Luke, xiv. 12.

Undernethe, prep. beneath, A 2077.

Undernom, pt. s. perceived, G 243; Undernome, pp. reproved, I 401. A.S. underniman, to perceive, pt. t. undernam; cf. G. unternehmen. From A.S. niman, to take.

Underput, pp. subjected, B 1. p 6. 67.

Underpyghte, pt. s. stuffed, filled underneath, B 789. Pyghte is 'pitched,' pt. t. of M.E. picchen, to pitch, place, set.

Underspore, v. thrust (the staff) under, push beneath, A 3465. The object was to lift the door off the hinges, partly by prising it up with a lever. I take the verb sporen to mean 'to spur,' hence to push or thrust, as when a rider uses his spurs. Cf. A.S. sporu, heel, spurnan, to kick, spurn; also O. H. G. widar-sporōn, to kick against; Lithuan. spir-ti, to strike against anything; Icel. spora, to spurn against.

Understonde, v. understand, A 746, E 20, F 150; Understondeth, pr. pl. C 646; Understode, pt. s. subj. should understand, T. i. 1035; Understonde, pp. understood, T. v. 1186; B 520, 4070, D 379, F 437; Understondeth, imp. pl. know, G 1165.

Understonding, s. understanding, 3. 565.

Undertake, v. affirm, E 803; ger. to conduct an enterprise, A 405; Undertake, 1 pr. s. affirm, A 288; B 4401; warrant, R. 461, 997; dare say, B 3516; Undertaketh, pr. s. undertakes, T. ii. 807.

Undeserved, pp. (though) undeserved, T. iii. 1021.

Undevocioun, s. lack of devotion, I 723.

Undide, pt. s. of Undo.

Undigne, adj. unworthy, E 359, I 791.

Undiscomfited, pp. unperturbed, B 1. m 4. 3.

Undiscreet, adj. indiscreet, B 4624; undiscerning, E 996.

Undo, ger. to unfold, reveal, 3. 899; v. unfasten, T. iii. 741; Undon, come undone, T. iii. 1735; Undoth, pr. s. unfolds, explains, R. 9; unfastens, opens, A 3727; Un-dide, pt. s. unfastened, R. 1280; T. iv. 352; Undo, pp. disclosed, R. 1663.

Undoutous, adj. undoubting, B 5. p 1. 20.

Uneschewably, adv. inevitably, infallibly, B 5. p 5. 86.

Uneschuable, adj. inevitable, B 5. p 1. 66.

Unespyed, pp. undetected, T. iv. 1457.

Unethe, adv. scarcely; wel unethe, scarcely at all, L. 33 a; HF. 2041; Unethes, with difficulty, HF. 900. A.S. un-, not; ēað, easy. See Unnethe.

Unethes, adv. with difficulty, T. ii. 566. See Unnethes.

Unfamous, adj. lost to fame, forgotten by fame, HF. 1146.

Unfelingly, adv. without feeling, T. ii. 19.

Unfestlich, adj. unfestive, jaded, F 366. (Here the O. F. feste (F. fête) is found between an A.S. prefix un- and an A.S. suffix -lic.)

Unfettre, v. unfetter, release, T. ii. 1216.

Unfeyned, adj. unfeigned, true, 4. 291; 7. 289; G 434.

Unfolde, ger. to unfold, T. ii. 1702; Unfoldeth, pr. s. evolves, discloses, B 4. m 5. 5 (Lat. explicet); Unfolden, pp. expanded, B 4. p 6. 85, 92.

Unforged, adj. not (yet) forged, 9. 49.

Ungentel, adj. ignoble, plebeian, B 2. p 4. 59.

Ungiltif, adj. guiltless, T. iii. 1018.

Un-grobbed, adj. not digged round, 9. 14.

Unhap, s. ill luck, T. i. 552; Unhappe, dat. misfortune, HF. 89; 16. 29; Unhappes, pl. mishaps, T. ii. 456.

Unhappily, adv. unluckily, T. v. 937.

Unhardy, adj. not bold, cowardly, A 4210.

Unhele, s. misfortune, sickness, C 116. A.S. unhǣlo.

Unholsom, adj. ailing, weak, T. iv. 330.

Unhorsed, pp. A 2625.

Unitee, s. unity, T. iii. 29; B 2868, E 1334.

Universalitee, s. universality, B 5. P 5. 42.

Universe; in universe, universally, T. iii. 36.

Universel, s. universality, totality, B 5. p 4. 137.

Universels, adj. pl. universal, B 5. p 4. 122.

Universitee, s. the universal, B 5. p 4. 115; universality, B 5. p 4. 130.

Unioignen (unjoinen), v. disjoin, B 3. p 12. 28; Unioinen, pr. pl. B 5. m 1. 5; Unioined, pp. B 5. m 3. 1.

Unioyful (unjoiful), adj. joyless, B 2. p 5. 59.

Unkinde, adj. unnatural, 5. 358, 457; B 88; cruel, 5. 434; ungrateful, 1. 166.

Unkindely, adv. unkindly, T. i. 617; HF. 295; unnaturally, C 485, I 154, 577.

Unkindenesse, s. unkindness, 7. 292; B 1057; unnatural conduct, unkindness, L. 153.

Unkist, adj. unkissed, T. i. 809.

Unknitten, v. unknit, B 5. p 3. 22.

Unknowable, adj. not to be known, B 2. m. 7. 18.

Unknowen, adj. unknown, 9. 6; Unknowe, T. i. 616; L. 2034; A. pr. 13; A 126, 1406, F 246.

Unkonning, adj. unskilful, A 2393; Unkonninge, pl. stupid, T. v. 1139. See Unconninge, Unkunninge.

Unkorven, adj. uncut, unpruned, 9. 14.

Unkouth, adj. strange, T. ii. 151. See Uncouth.

Unkunninge, adj. ignorant, R. 686. See Uncunninge.

Unlaced, pp. disentangled, B 3. p 12. 118.

Unleveful, adj. not to be permitted, not permissible, B 5. p 3. 19; I 593, 777.

Unloven, ger. to cease to love, T. v. 1698.

Unlust, s. disinclination, I 680. A.S. unlust.

Unlyk, adj. dissimilar, B 4. p 6. 138; unlike, E. 156.

Unlyklinesse, s. unlikeliness, difficulty in pleasing, T. i. 16.

Unlykly, adj. unpleasing, E 2180; unlikely, 6. 95.

Unmanhod, s. an unmanly act, T. i. 824.

Unmeke, adj. proud, B 4. m 7. 27; ungentle, R. 590.

Unmerie, adj. sad, HF. 74.

Unmesurable, adj. immoderate, I 813.

Unmete, adj. unfit, 6. 75; discordant, R. 752; ill-looking, R. 990.

Unmighty, adj. impotent, B 1. m 4. 12; unable, T. ii. 858.

Unmoevable, adj. immovable, B 4. p 6. 72; B 5. p 6. 49.

Unmoevabletee, s. immobility, B 4. p 6. 89.

Unneste, imp. s. leave thy nest, T. iv. 305.

Unnethe, adv. scarcely, hardly, with difficulty, R. 352, 833; B 1. p 6. 24; B 5. p 6. 120; 3. 712; 4. 128; 5. 201, 264, 314; 7. 135. 190; A 3121, B 1050, 1816, 3611, D 198, E 384, 403, F 1347, G 563, I 92, 490; L. 959, 2427, 2437; Unneth (a bad form), 3. 270. A common form; but better spelt unethe; see Unethe.

Unnethes, adv. scarcely, T. i. 301; B 1675, D 2168, E 318, 893, F 736, G 1390; L. 233, 1399. Better spelt unethes; see Unethes.

Unordred, adj. unordained, or not belonging to a religious order, I 961.

Unparfit, adj. imperfect, B 3. p 9. 16.

Unparigal, adj. unequal (Lat. inparem), B 3. p 1. 8.

Un-pinne, v. un-pin, unfasten, T. iii. 698.

Unpitous, adj. unkind, B 1. m 1. 20 (Lat. impia).

Unpleyten, v. unplait, explain, unfold, B 2. p 8. 7; Unpleyteth, pr. s. explains, makes out, B 5. m 4. 15.

Unpreyed, adj. unasked, T. iv. 513.

Unpunisshed, adj. with impunity (Lat. impune), B 3. p 4. 35.

Unpurveyed, adj. unprovided, uncared for, B 2. p 1. 15.

Unraced, adj. unbroken, untorn, B 4. p 1. 35.

Unremeved, pp. unremoved, without (its) being moved, A. ii. 46. 23.

Unréprováble, adj. without reproach, L. 691.

Unresonable, adj. unreasonable, F 872.

Unreste, s. unrest, restlessness, B 4. p 6. 123; T. v. 1567; D 1104, E 719; misery, L. 1339.

Unresty, adj. restless, T. v. 1335.

Unreverently, adv. irreverently, I 582.

Unright, s. wrong, T. iv. 550; harm, injury, T. ii. 453; D 1093.

Unright, adv. wrongly, T. v. 661.

Unrightful, adj. unrighteous, unjust, B 4. m 4. 9; wicked, L. 1771.

Unrightfully, adv. unjustly, B 1. m 5. 28.

Unsad, adj. unsettled, E 995. See Sad.

Unsavory, adj. displeasing, I 510.

Unscience, s. unreal knowledge, no knowledge, B 5. p 3. 72.

Unselinesse, s. unhappiness, B 4. p. 4. 26, 40, 81; Unselinesses, pl. B 4. p 4. 23.

Unsely, adj. unhappy, B 2. p 4. 6; B 4. p 4. 15, 37, 65; G 468; unsuccessful, A 4210; unfortunate, T. i. 35. A.S. unsǣlig.

Unset, adj. unappointed, A 1524.

Unshethe, 1 pr. s. unsheathe, cause to depart, remove, T. iv. 776.

Unshette, pt. s. unlocked, E 2047.

Unshette, adj. pl. not shut, HF. 1953.

Unshewed, pp. unconfessed, I 999.

Unsittinge, adj. unfit, T. ii. 307. See Sittinge.

Unskilful, adj. undiscerning, foolish, T. i. 790.

Unskilfully, adv. unreasonably, B 1. p 4. 144; unjustly, ill, B 3. p 6. 2.

Unslekked, adj. unslacked, G 806. To slack is to deprive lime of cohesion by combining it with water. A.S. slacian, to slacken, relax.

Unsofte, adj. harsh, E 1824; hard, HF. 36.

Unsoght, adj. not sought after, 2. 104; Unsought, T. i. 809.

Unsolempne, adj. uncelebrated, B 1. p 3. 42.

Unsowe, adj. not sown, 9. 10.

Unsowen, pr. pl. unsew, I 622.

Unspeedful, adj. unfruitful, unprofitable, B 5. p 6. 214.

Unstable, adj. unstable, weak, B 1877.

Unstaunchable, adj. inexhaustible, B 2. p 7. 78 (Lat. inexhausta).

Unstaunched, adj. insatiate, B 2. p 6. 73 (Lat. inexpletam).

Unstedefast, adj. unstable, B 4. P 3. 83, p 6. 166.

Unstedfastnesse, s. inconstancy, L. 526 a; 21. 3; Unstedefastnesse, frailty, I 584.

Unstraunge, adj. well-known, familiarly known, A. ii. 17. rubric. The unstrange stars are those which are represented upon the Rete of the Astrolabe. See Indeterminat.

Unswelle, v. decrease in fulness, become less full, T. iv. 1146, v. 214.

Unswete, adj. bitter, dreadful, HF. 72.

Unteye, v. untie, 26. 32 (vol. iv. p. xxx); Unteyd, pp. free, T. ii. 752.

Unthank, s. no thanks, want of thanks, T. v. 699; the reverse of thanks, a curse, A 4081.

Unthrift, s. nonsense, T. iv. 431.

Unthriftily, adv. poorly, G 893. See Thrift.

Unthrifty, adj. profitless, T. iv. 1530.

Unto, prep. unto, A 243, &c.; conj. until, 5. 647.

Untold, adj. uncounted, A 3780.

Untormented, adj. no longer tormented, T. i. 1011.

Untressed, adj. with hair not done up into tresses, loose, 5. 268; undight, unarranged, E 379; unplaited, A 1289.

Untretable, adj. inexorable, B 2. p 8. 2. Lit. 'not to be treated with.'

Untrewe, adj. untrue, false, 5. 434; 6. 123; T. ii. 786; B 3218, F 984.

Untrewe, adv. untruly, A 735.

Untriste, v. distrust, T. iii. 839.

Untrouthe, s. untruth, deceit, falsehood, faithlessness, L. 1677, 1890; HF. 384, 395; B 687.

Untrust, s. distrust, E 2206.

Untyme; in untyme, at odd times, between meals, out of season, I 1051.

Unusage, s. want of use, B 2. p 7. 38.

Unwar, adj. unaware, T. i. 304, v. 1559; unexpected, B 2. p 2. 50; B 427, 3954; unforeseen, accidental, B 5. p 1. 64.

Unwar, adv. unexpectedly, unawares, T. i. 549; F 1356, I 885.

Unwarly, adv. unawares, B 1. m 1. 9.

Unwelde, adj. (unwieldy), impotent, too weak to support herself, R. 359; difficult to move, H 55; difficult to move and control, A 3886.

Unwemmed, adj. unspotted, spotless, B 2. p 4. 17; B 5. p 6. 207; 1. 91; B 924, G 137, 225. A.S. wem, a spot, blemish.

Unwened, adj. unexpected, B 4. p 6. 162.

Unwist, adj. unknown, T. ii. 1294, iii. 603, 770, 789; (it being) unknown, A 2977; unwist of, uninformed of, T. i. 93; unknown by, L. 1653.

Unwit, s. folly, 4. 271; want of wit, G 1085.

Unwiting, pres. part. unknowing, being unaware, G 1320.

Unwiting, adv. unwittingly, without (her) knowledge, F 936.

Unwitingly, adv. unknowingly, C 486.

Unworshipful, adj. unhonoured, B 3. m 4. 6.

Unworthieste, adj. superl. most unworthy, 5. 512.

Unworthy, adj. E 359.

Unwot, pr. s. fails to know, B 5. p 6. 112. See Witen.

Unwrappen, ger. to unfold, B 4. p 6. 2; Unwrappeth, pr. s. discloses, B 103.

Unwrye, v. uncover, reveal, T. i. 858. Cf. A.S. wrēon, to cover.

Unwys, adj. unwise, foolish, R. 1162; 17. 27.

Unyolden, pp. without having yielded, A 2642, 2724.

Up, adv. up, open (outwards, not upwards), A 3801; as v. up with, HF. 1021; up and doun, T. ii. 659, 815, v. 1650; all over, in various ways, here and there, B 53, 3725, 3747; 4. 210; in all directions, A 977; backwards and forwards, A 1052; Up so doun, topsy-turvy, 15. 5. See Up-so-doun.

Up, prep. on, upon, A. ii. 1. 2; A 2543, 4290, B 795, 884, D 1145; 3. 750, 922; HF. 1570; up peril, on peril, D 2271; up peyne, under the penalty, HF. 1570; D 1587; up poynt, on the point, ready, T. iv. 1153.

Up-born, pp. upborne, valued, T. i. 375.

Up-bounde, pp. bound up, T. iii. 517.

Up-breyde, v. upbraid, reproach, 7. 118; T. v. 1710.

Up-caste, pt. s. cast up, B 906; Up-casteth, imp. pl. cast up, lift up, T. v. 1838.

Up-drow, pt. s. drew up, L. 1459. See Drawe.

Up-enbossed, pp. raised, embossed, L. 1200.

Up-haf, pt. s. uplifted, A 2428. Pt. t. of up-heven.

Uphepinge, s. heaping up, B 2. p 3. 31.

Upon, prep. upon, A 131, 541, &c.; in, F 925; in addition to, B 3. p 10. 98; against, 3. 1023; D 1313.

Upon, used adverbially, upon (him or her), on, D 559, 1382.

Uppe, adv. up, i.e. left open, F 615. A.S. uppe, aloft.

Upper, adv. comp. higher, HF. 884, 961; Uppere, more upward, A. ii. 12. 13.

Uppereste, adj. superl. uppermost, B 1. p 1. 26.

Up-plight, pp. plucked up, pulled up, B 3239.

Up-reysed, pp. raised, L. 1163.

Up-right, adj. perpendicular, B 5. m 5. 12; upright, straight, A 3264; upright, erect, R. 1702; T. ii. 333.

Upright, adv. upright, 3. 46; i.e. reversed, D 2266; also, lying on one's back (mostly of people asleep or dead); lying on one's back, asleep, 3. 175; A 4194, B 3761, C 674, D 578; lying on one's back, dead, R. 1604; A 2008, B 1801, 4232, D 768. See Bolt-upright.

Up-rist, pr. s. rises up, 4. 4; T. iv. 1443; L. 1188; A 4249. See Upryseth.

Up-riste, s. dat. up-rising, A 1051. The nom. case is up-rist; see Stratmann; and cf. A.S. ǣ-rist, resurrection.

Upronne, pp. run up, i.e. ascended, F 386. Cf. A 8.

Upryght, adv. upright, erect, 3. 622. See Upright.

Upryseth, pr. s. rises up, L. 49. See Up-rist.

Up-so-doun, adv. upside down, B 5. p 3. 60; A 1377, G 625 (see note), I 260, 263; 15. 5.

Upspringe, v. rise (as the sun), 4. 14; Up-sprong, pt. s. sprang up, 9. 10.

Upsterte, pt. s. upstarted, arose, A 1080, 1299; Upstirte, T. iv. 183; started up, D 794.

Upward, adv. T. v. 1108; up (from the bed), L. 1645.

Up-yaf, pt. s. yielded up, gave, A 2427. Pt. t. of up-yeven.

Up-yolden, pp. yielded up, A 3052. Pp. of up-yelden.

Urinals, s. pl. C 305.

Urine, s. D 121; Uryne, D 134.

Urne, s. urn, T. v. 311.

Us, us, A 748; dat. for us, A 747, &c.; Us self, ourselves, E 108; Us-selve, I 349.

Uságe, s. usage, custom, habit, R. 293; 5. 411; A 110, E 785, F 691; hadde in uságe, was accustomed, B 1696; was in uságe, B 1717; practice, use, B 4. p 6. 186; possession, B 4. p 6. 213; familiarity, B 1. p 1. 41; úsage, usage, habit, custom, 5. 15; C 899; use, L. 2337; Uságes, pl. usages, T. ii. 28.

Usaunce, s. custom, R. 683; 5. 674; L. 586, 1476; Usaunces, pl. usages, B 3. p 4. 64 (see note).

Usaunt, pres. pl. as adj. addicted, I 821; accustomed, A 3940.

Usen, ger. to accustom, I 245; v. use, B 44; Useth, pr. s. is accustomed, L. 364; Use, 2 pr. pl. use, G 1409; Usen, 1 pr. pl. are wont, T. iv. 182; Usedest, 2 pt. s. didst enjoy, A 2385; Used, pt. s. or pl. used, B 1689; Useden, pt. pl. were accustomed, L. 787; Use, imp. s. use, i.e. make the best of, B 2. p 1. 44 (see note); Usinge, pres. part. as adj. accustomed, D 777; Used, pp. accustomed, G 666; as adj. wonted, B 1. m 5. 10.

Using, s. use (of it), 18. 42.

Us-selve, pron. ourselves, I 349; Us-self, E 108.

Usshers, s. pl. ushers, F 293.

Usure, s. usury, R. 185, B 1681, D 1309.

Usurpe, 1 pr. s. usurp, claim, A. pr. 42.

Us-ward, to, towards us, A. i. 17. 40; B 2938; fro u., away from us, A. i. 17. 9.

Utilite, s. utility, A. ii. 26. 16.

Utter, adj. outer, outward, G 498. See Outer.

Uttereste, adj. superl. outermost, B 3. p 11. 88; farthest, B. 1. p 1. 60; supreme, E 787. See Outereste.

Utterly, adv. utterly, A 237; entirely, fully, A 1154. See Outerly.

Vacacioun, s. spare time, D 683.

Vache, s. cow, beast, 13. 22. The reference is to a quadruped who looks down to the earth; see note to 13. 19.

Vachet, for Wachet, A 3321 n.

Valance, s. (possibly) sign of Zodiac opposite the mansion of a planet, 4. 145. See note.

Vale, s. A 2626.

Valentynes; the book of seint Valentynes day of the Parlement of Briddes, I 1086.

Valerian, s. valerian, G 800.

Valewe, s. value, R. 1116. See Value.

Valey, s. valley, 3. 165; T. i. 950, v. 67; Valéye, dat. 3. 155; HF. 1918; Valeys, pl. HF. 899.

Valóur, s. worth, R. 957, 1043.

Valúe, s. value, L. 602; I 151; Válewe, R. 1116.

Vane, s. a vane, weather-cock, E 996.

Vanishe, v. vanish, F 328; Vanish, 1 pr. s. shrink up, waste away, C 732; Vanísshed, pt. s. vanished, F 342; pp. gone, D 996.

Vanisshinge, s. vanishing, disappearance, A 2360.

Vanitee, s. vanity, folly, T. iv. 536; A 3835, E 250; vain thing, B 4201; Vanitees, pl. vain things, B 4281.

Vapour, s. vapour, mist, B 2375, F 393; Vapóur, influence, T. iii. 11.

Variable, adj. 15. 8.

Variacioun, s. difference, A 2588.

Variaunce, s. variation, 10. 45; T. iv. 985; Variance, difference, I 427.

Variaunt, adj. varying, changing, changeable, fickle, G 1175; Variaunts, pl. B 1. m 5. 15.

Varien, v. vary, change, T. ii. 1621; Varie, 1 pr. s.; v. of, vary from, HF. 807; Varieth, pr. s. shifts, B 2. m 8. 1; Varyinge, pres. pt. varying, changing, 3. 802.

Vassalage, s. prowess, L. 1667 (see note); Vasselage, A 3054.

Vauntour, s. boaster, T. ii. 724 n.

Vavassour, s. a sub-vassal, next in dignity to a baron, A 360.

Veel, s. veal, E 1420.

Veine, adj. fem., vain, R. 447. See Veyn.

Veluët, s. velvet, R. 1420; Veluëttes, pl. F 644. A. F. velwet, Royal Wills, ed. Nichols, p. 130.

Venerian, adj. devoted to Venus, D 609.

Venerye, s. hunting, A 166, 2308. O.F. venerie (Cotgrave).

Venge, v. revenge, B 2471; Vengeth, pr. s. B 2648; Venged, pp. revenged, B 2471.

Vengeance-taking, s. taking of vengeance, B 2535.

Vengeáuncë, s. vengeance, punishment, 1. 176; Véngeaunce, L. 2523; B 2207; Veniaunce, B 4. p 4. 62.

Vengeresses, s. pl., avengeresses, avenging deities, B 3. m 12. 24. O.F. vengeresse (Cotgrave).

Venial, adj. I 100, 358, 359.

Venim, s. venom, poison, R. 1089; B 4. m 7. 30; T. iii. 1025; L. 2241, 2593; B 2520, 3321; malice, B 891, C 421; corruption, A 2751; dye (Lat. ueneno), B 2. m 5. 8; Venims, pl. poisons, B 4. m 2. 7. O.F. venim, venin.

Venimous, adj. poisonous, 1. 149; B 4345. A. F. venimous.

Veniaunce (Venjaunsə), s. vengeance, B 4. p 4. 62, 94. See Vengeaunce.

Venisoun, s. venison, C 83.

Venquisse, v. vanquish, B 2529; Venquisseth, pr. s. F 774; Venquisshe, pr. pl. vanquish, surpass, B 2280; Venquisshed, pp. 1. 8; B 291, 3782.

Ventusinge, s. cupping (a surgical operation), A 2747. O.F. ventoser, to cup; from ventose, a cupping-glass (Cotgrave).

Venus, venereal pleasure, D 464.

Ver, the spring, T. i. 157. Lat. uer.

Veray, adj. very, true, real, L. 1068, 1478. See Verray.

Verayly, adv. truly, B 4. p. 4. 125. See Verrayly.

Verdegrees, s. verdigrease, G 791. O.F. vert de Grece, lit. green of Greece; a green from Greece.

Verdit, s. verdict, A 787; 5. 503, 525. O.F. verdit.

Verily, adv. truly, R. 1630. See Verrayly.

Vermýne, s. vermin, E 1095; T. iii. 381; Vérmin, C 858.

Vernáge, s. a wine of Italy, B 1261, E 1807.

Vernicle, s. vernicle, A 685 (see note).

Vernisshed, pt. s. varnished; hence (jocularly), lined in a lavish way, A 4149.

Verre, s. glass, T. ii. 867.

Verray, adj. very, true, A 72, 422, 1551, B 103, 167, C 576, E 343, G 165, I 86; just, R. 1627; exact, B 2393; HF. 1079; very, exceeding, F 860; v. force, main force, B 3237; Verrey, very, T. i. 202; very, true, 1. 21, 40, 105, 106; Verray, adj. as adv. exactly, HF. 1079.

Verrayly, adv. verily, truly, 2. 73; L. 87; Verrayliche, B 3. p 10. 164; Verreyly, exactly, A. ii. 3. 42; Verraily, verily, truly, A 338, 1174, B 1850, 3414, I 94; Verayly, B 4. p 4. 125; Verily, R. 1630.

Verrayment, adv. verily, B 1903.

Vers, s. verse, line, 5. 679; HF. 1098; Vers, pl. verses, lines, 3. 463; 5. 124, 141; B 1. m 1. 4; T. i. 7; B 2297, 4503.

Versifiour, s. versifier, poet, B. 2783.

Versifyed, pp. put into verse, B 3168.

Vertu, s. virtue, A 307, F 593; quickening power, A 4; power, R. 1087; B 4. p 6. 68; A 2249, B 3500; valour, R. 1208; mental faculty, HF. 550; magic influence, F 146, 157; v. plese, satisfy virtue, be virtuous, E 216.

Vertulees, adj. devoid of virtue, T. ii. 344.

Vertuous, adj. virtuous, A 251, 515; full of virtue, D 1113; full of healing power, R. 1097; holy, I 455; Virtuouse, pl. holy, I 1038.

Verye (a word used in a charm), A 3485 (see note). Cf. weri, a felon; Ancren Riwle, p. 352.

Very-trot, for Viritoot, A 3770 n.

Vese, s. rush (Lat. impetus), A 1985.

Vessel, s. vessel, T. v. 311; (collectively), vessels, plate, B. 3338, 3494, I 446; Vesseles, pl. vessels, B 4. p 1. 31; Vessels, pl. vessels (of gold and silver), B 3338, 3416, 3418. Cf. F. vaisselle, plate.

Vestiment, s. clothing, F 59; Vestiments, pl. garments, A 2948.

Vesture, s. HF. 1325; L. 2691.

Veyl, s. veil, A 695.

Veyn, adj. vain, 1. 71; foolish, false, A 1094; empty, powerless, silly, G 497; Veyne glorie, vain-glory, I 391; Glorie veine, R 447.

Veyne, s. vein, R. 1496; 5. 425; A 3.

Veyne-blood, s. bleeding at a vein, A 2747.

Viáge, s. voyage, travel, journey, T. ii. 75; L. 1450; A 77, 723, 792, B 259, 300; expedition, attempt, T. iii. 732; Víage, B 312; Viáges, pl. travels, HF. 1962. O.F. veiage.

Vicaire, s. deputy, deputed ruler, 1. 140; 5. 379; Vicaire general, deputy, C 20; Vicary, a vicar, I 22. See Viker.

Vicious, adj. wicked, C 459.

Victor, s. as adj. of victory, 5. 182.

Victórie, s. victory, 7. 29; A 916, 2433; Victóries, pl. T. iii. 1064.

Vigile, s. wake, T. v. 305.

Vigilyes, pl. vigils, evening meetings (on the eve of a festival), A 377; Vigilies, D 556.

Vigóur, s. vigour, strength, T. iii. 1088.

Vigur, s. figure, A. i. 20. 4, note (p. 234).

Viker, s. vicar, D 2008. See Vicaire.

Vileinye, s. villainy, shameful deed, vile conduct, B 2547, D 1138, 1151, F 1404; unbecoming conduct, A 726; ill turn, great harm, A 4191; despiteful language, reproach, D 34, 53; disgrace, A 942, 2729; unfit speech, A 70; servitude, I 143; Vilanye, villainous action, deed of a churl, L. 1823; wrong, L. 2541; licentiousness, G 231; discourtesy, rudeness, C 740; T. v. 490; vileness, HF. 96; reproach, T. iv. 21; evil-doing, B 1681; villainy, disgrace, R. 1231; Villainy (personified), R. 166, 977.

Vileinous, adj. evil, B 2693; Viláynous, villainous, R. 178.

Vileins, Vileyns, adj. villainous, L. 1824; D 1158, H 183; rude, D 1268; sinful, I 854, 914; evil, wicked, I 556, 627, 631, 652, 715, 802. Perhaps originally the gen. sing. of vilein, but certainly used by Chaucer as a simple adjective, as proved by the adverbial form below.

Vileinsly, adv. evilly, I 154; Vilaynsly, villainously, shamefully, R. 1498; Vileynsly, I 279. See above.

Village, s. E 272; Villáge, D 2165, E 200.

Vincit, conquers, A 162.

Vine, s. B 1. m 6. 10. See Vyne.

Vinolent, adj. full of wine, D 467, 1931. From Lat. uinolentus.

Violence, s. T. iv. 562.

Violent, adj. C 867.

Violes, s. pl. vials, phials, G 793. F. phiale; Lat. phiala, a sort of saucer, Gk. φιάλη. Cotgrave has 'Phiole, f. a violl, or small glasse bottle.'

Violete, s. violet, R. 903, 1431; Violettes, pl. B 1. m 6. 6.

Virago, s. virago, cruel woman, B 359. Direct from Lat. uirago.

Virelayes, s. pl. ballads with a return of rime, F 948; L. 423 (see note).

Virgine, s. virgin, 1. 4, 153.

Virginitee, s. virginity, B 1769, C 44.

Viritoot, s. brisk movement (see note), A 3770.

Viritrate, s. hag, D 1582.

Viságe, s. visage, face, A 109, 628, E 693; 3. 895; 10 (heading); Visages, pl. faces, B 2. p 8. 26; T. v. 899.

Viságe, v. put a face (on it), disguise, E 2273.

Visíble, adj. visible, T. v. 1866.

Visioun, s. vision, D 1677, F 372. See Avisioun.

Visitaciouns, s. pl. visits, D 555.

Visitinge, s. paying visits, T. ii. 41.

Visýte, ger. to visit, A 493, 1194; T. iii. 62; v. E 1914; Vísitè, ger. E 2002.

Vitaille, s. victuals, provisions, A 248, 569, 749, B 443, 499, E 59, 265, F 904, 1186; Vitáile, 9. 36; L. 1488; Vitailes, pl. victuals, provisions, B 3. p 4. 59.

Vitaille, v. victual, provide with victuals; Vitaile, v. L. 1093; Vitailled, pt. s. A 3627; pp. provisioned, B 869.

Vitaillers, pl. victuallers, A 4366.

Vital, adj. A 2802.

Vitremyte, s. (probably) a woman's cap, an effeminate headdress, B 3562. See note.

Vitriole, s. vitriol, G 808.

Voide, adj. solitary, 4. 114; Voyde, pl. void, T. ii. 173.

Voide, v. make void, frustrate, B 5. p 6. 173; Voidede, pt. pl. quitted, B 1. p 4. 90; Voided, pp. removed, F 1195; cleared, emptied, L. 2625.

Vois, s. voice, R. 751; 1. 115; B 5. m 4. 36; A 1371, I 226. See Voys.

Volage, adj. giddy, volatile, R. 1284; flighty, giddy, wanton, H 239. 'Volage, light, giddie, shittle-headed'; Cotgrave.

Volatyl, s. as pl., fowls, B 1262.

Voltor, s. vulture, B 3. m 12. 29; Volturis, pl. T. i. 788.

Volúme, s. volume, D 681.

Voluntarie, adj. voluntary, B 5. p 3. 111.

Volupeer, s. night-cap, A 4303; Voluper, woman's cap, A 3241. The Catholicon Anglicum has: 'A volyper, caliend[r]um'; and Baret gives: 'a womans cap, hood, or bonet, calyptra, caliendrum.' Merely short for envoluper, i.e. 'wrapper'; see Envoluped. Godefroy gives: 'Envelopeur, s. m. enveloppe, couverture; 'Six queuvrechiefs [kerchiefs], neuf et quatre envelopeurs a teste' [head-wrappers]: 1361, Arch. P. 1359, pièce 633.'

Voluptuous, adj. B 3. p 2. 30; T. iv. 1573.

Vomes, pl. foam, spots of foam, B 4. m 7. 39 n.

Vomyt, s. vomit, A 2756.

Vouche, v.; only used with sauf, safe; Vouche sauf, v. to avouch as safe, call safe, vouchsafe, grant, deign, permit, A. pr. 78; L. 2490; A 812, B 1641, E 2341; ger. T. v. 1858; L. 2273; B 1083; Vouche-sauf, 1 pr. s. am content, T. iv. 90; 2 pr. pl. vouchsafe, grant, deign, L. 2038, 2071; A 4340, B 2305, G 1246, I 52; deign to give, 7. 254; agree, A 807; pr. s. subj. F 1071; 2 pr. s. subj. E 306; Vouched sauf, pt. s. vouchsafed, 1. 27, 57; 22. 46; Voucheth sauf, imp. pl. vouchsafe, 19. 8; E 885, F 1043.

Voyde, adj. pl. void, T. ii. 173; written Voyd (before a vowel), 9. 50. See Voide.

Voyde (voidéé), s. 'voidee,' a light dessert, with wine and spices, T. iii. 674; see addit. note, vol. ii. p. 506.

Voyden, v. get rid of, expel, A 2751, E 910, F 188; Voyden, v. go away, T. ii. 912; Voyde, 1 pr. s. avoid, 7. 295; Voyded, pt. s. did away, F 1150; Voyde, imp. s. depart from, E 806; Voydeth, imp. pl. send away, G 1136.

Voys, s. voice, A 688, C 531, E 1087, F 99, 412; rumour, E 629; commendation, E 1592; report, T. iii. 1723. See Vois.

Vulgar, adj. A. ii. 9. 3. The day vulgar is the length of the 'artificial' day, with the durations of morning and evening twilight added to it.

Vulgarly, adv. in a common way, T. iv. 1513.

Vyce, s. fault, error, 4. 261; T. i. 689; F 101; defect, D 955; Vyces, pl. T. i. 687.

Vyne, s. vine, 5. 181; 9. 14; C 452; F 1148, I 636; Vine, B 1. m 6. 10; Vynes, pl. vines, B 3. m 8. 4; T. v. 1470; B 3226.

Waast, s. waist, B 1890.

Waat, pr. s. knows (Northern), A 4086.

Wacche, s. sentinel, B 2216.

Wachet, s. light blue colour, A 3321. Later E. watchet.

Waden, v. wade, go, pass, E 1684; wade (through), D 2084; wade, enter (into), T. ii. 150; go, descend, B 3684.

Waf, pt. s. wove, L. 2364. See Weven.

Wafereres, s. pl. makers of gaufres or wafer-cakes, confectioners, C 479.

Wafres, pl. wafers, A 3379.

Wages, pl. A 1803; pay, recompense, 4. 244.

Waget, for Wachet, A 3321 n.

Wagges, pr. s. wags (Northern), A 4039.

Wagging, s. shaking, T. ii. 1745. Cf. 'a reed shaken with the wind.'

Wailen, ger. to wail, lament, 6. 13; Waille, ger. I 178; v. E 1212; Waille, 1 pr. s. A 931; Wailleth, pr. s. wails, F 1348. See Wayle.

Waiten, v. attend on, L. 1269; Waiteth, pr. s. watches, E 708; Waite, imp. s. observe, A. ii. 5. 11; Waiting on, pres. part. watching, observing, A. ii. 38. 12. See Wayten.

Waiting, s. watching, H 252.

Wake, v. be awake, lie awake, 18. 27; Waken, v. act. awake, B 1187; Wake, v. watch, T. iii. 540; Wake, 1 pr. s. am awake, 5. 7, 482; remain awake, 2. 109; Waketh, pr. s. watches, F 819; Wake, pr. pl. are awake, 5. 689; Wook, 1 pt. s. awoke, 5. 695; Wook, pt. s. awoke, A 1393, B 806; remained awake, B 3809; was awake, B 497; Waked, pp. awaked, 3. 294; kept wake, caroused, 3. 977; Wakinge, pres. pt. awake, 7. 326; Waketh, imp. pl. watch, D 1654, I 1048.

Wake-pleyes, pl. funeral games, A 2960.

Waker, adj. vigilant, 5. 358. See note. A.S. wacor.

Waking, s. watching, being awake, 3. 611; Wakinge, watching, I 1048; period of wakefulness, B 22; Wakinges, pl. watchings, vigils, I 257, 1038.

Wakinge, adj. vigilant, B 4. m 7. 24.

Wakned, pp. awakened, B 4199.

Wal, s. wall, R. 479; 3. 780; 5. 282; 13. 12; HF. 1343; L. 737, 750; B 3392, E 1047; Walle, dat. R. 478; Wal, dat. A 1909, 1934; Walles, pl. 9. 24, 43.

Wálet, a wallet, 686; Walét, 681.

Walk, s. walking about, A 1069.

Walked (for Walketh), s. walking; in phr. go walked, for go a-walketh, gone a-walking, 3. 387; D 1778.

Walken, ger. to walk, roam, A 2309; to go, B 5. m 5. 9; Walke, v. T. v. 666; L. 979; Walketh, pr. s. L. 970; Walke, 2 pr. s. subj. thou mayst walk, B 784; Welk, 1 pt. s. walked, 5. 297; T. ii. 517; pt. s. T. v. 1235; Walked, pp. L. 978; is w., is gone, went, A 2368.

Walking, s. a walking, walk, F 408.

Walle, v.; Walled, pt. s. walled in, secured, H 323; furnished with walls, H 117; Walled, pp. A 1888; walled in, 5. 122; walled round, R. 138; E 2029.

Walsh-note, gen. sing. walnut's, HF. 1281. (Or perhaps a compound sb., viz. walshnote-shale.)

Walwe, ger. to wallow, roll about, T. i. 699; 1 pr. s. D 1102; pr. pl. wallow, tumble, A 4278; Walweth, pr. s. rolls (up), B 2. p 6. 6; tosses, L. 1166; rolls about, D 1085; Walwed, pp. involved, immersed, 12. 17; Walwinge, pres. part. causing to roll, B 1. m 7. 3 (Lat. uoluens); Walwing, rolling, A 3616. A.S. wealwian.

Wan, adj. colourless, T. iv. 235; wan, T. ii. 551; pale, G 728.

Wan, pt. s. of Winne.

Wandring, s. wandering, A 467.

Wane, v. wane, A 3025, C 23; decrease (in applauding), E 998. See Wanie.

Wanges, s. pl. molar teeth, A 4030. See below.

Wang-tooth, s. molar tooth, B 3234. A.S. wangtōð, a molar tooth, lit. a cheek-tooth, from wang, the cheek.

Wanhope, s. despair, A 1249, I 693, 1057, 1070; (personified), R. 981. 'Wanhope, Dispaire'; Hexham's Du. Dict.

Wanie, v. wane, A 2078. A.S. wanian. See Wane.

Wante, v. be wanting, be absent, L. 361 (see note); fail, be lacking, I 514; Wante, 1 pr. s. lack, have not, 5. 287; Wanteth, pr. s. is free from, B 5. p 3. 80; is lacking, H 338; Wanten, 2 pr. pl. are lacking, 2. 76.

Wantoun, adj. unrestrained, wanton, E 236; Wantown, A 208.

Wantounly, adv. wantonly, B 1571.

Wantownesse, s. wantonness, B 31; wilfulness, mannerism (of speech), A 264.

Wantrust, s. distrust, T. i. 794; H 280. 'Wantroost, desperation'; Hexham's Du. Dict.

War, adj. prudent, discreet, cautious, R. 1258; B 2. m 4. 1; T. i. 203; aware, 3. 515; T. ii. 275, 1702; L. 1741; A 157, 896, 3604, G 13, 1079; was I w., I observed, 5. 218, 298; I was w., 3. 445; ben w., beware, T. i. 635; be w., beware, 13. 11; take warning, G 737; be w. fro, beware of, L. 473; beth w., beware, T. iii. 1180; B 1629, 3281.

War him, let him beware, T. ii. 868; A 662; war yow, take care of yourselves, beware, make way, B 1889.

Waraunte, v. to warrant, R. 6 (not the same idiom as in the original); Warente, ger. to protect, C 338; Warante, 1 pr. s. warrant, A 3791.

-ward, towards, in the direction of (or from); fro Burdeux-ward, from the direction of Bordeaux, A 397; To Caunterbury-ward, in the direction of Canterbury, A 793.

Warde, s. dat. (?) keeping; on w., into his keeping, 3. 248; in our w., C 201; under my w., I 880. (The nom. is ward; see Stratmann).

Wardecors, s. body-guard, D 359. From O. F. warder, to guard; and cors, body.

Wardein, s. warden, T. v. 1177; Wardeyn, master, A 3999; guardian, T. iii. 665; Wardeyns, pl. D 1216; Wardeins, L. 753, 780.

Warderere, for warde rere, look out behind, A 4101. See note.

Wardrobe, s. privy, B 1762. A jocular name. 'Garderobbe, a wardrobe; also, a house of office'; Cotgrave.

Ware, adj. aware, 3. 1030. (Perhaps read Carrenar, war.) See War.

Ware, s. wares (for sale), merchandise, B 140, 1246; D 522. A.S. waru.

Ware, imp. pl. beware, B 4416; Ware, imp. pl. refl. beware, C 905, I 797. A.S. warian, to guard. See War him.

Warente, ger. to warrant, protect, C 338. See Waraunte.

Wariangles, pl. shrikes, butcher-birds, D 1408 (see note). Speght notes that the word was in use, in his time, in Staffordshire and Shropshire.

Warien, ger. to curse, T. ii. 1619; Warie, 1 pr. s. T. v. 1378; B 372. A.S. wergian.

Warisoun, s. requital, R. 1537. O. F. warisoun (F. guérison).

Warisshe, v. cure, I 998; recover, be cured, B 2172; Warisshed, pp. cured, B 2467, F 856, 1138, 1162; Warished, 3. 1104. O. F. wariss-, stem of warir, v. (F. guérir). See Waryce.

Warisshinge, s. cure, B 2205. See above.

Warly, adv. warily, carefully, T. iii. 454.

Warm, adj. 3. 491.

Warme, adv. warmly, comfortably, T. iii. 1630; Warm, R. 409.

Warmen, ger. to warm, T. v. 1109; Warminge, pres. pt. becoming warm, B 4. m 6. 21.

Warmnesse, s. warmth, E 2221; heat, B 2375.

Warne, v. reject, refuse, 1. 11; L. 438 a; Warne, 1 pr. s. warn, bid you take heed, B 16, 1184; invite, B 2652; 2 pr. s. subj. inform, HF. 893; Warned, pt. s. informed, 5. 45; Warned, pp. forewarned, L. 2658; given notice, B 1578.

Warnestore, ger. to fortify, defend, B 2487; to garrison, B 2521; Warnestored, pp. garrisoned, provisioned, B 1. p 3. 55. Cf. mod. E garniture.

Warnestoring, s. fortifying, B 2525.

Warýce, v. heal, cure, C 906. See Warisshe.

Was, pt. s. was, A 43, 51, &c. See Were.

Waspes, gen. sing. wasp's, B 1749.

Wasshe, ger. to wash, 1. 178; Wissh, 1 pt. s. R. 96, 125; Wesh, pt. s. washed, B 453, 3934; Wessh, pt. s. A 2283; Wesshen, pt. pl. T. ii. 1184; Wasshen, pp. washed, wetted, B 4. m 6. 8; washed, A 3321; Wasshe, pp. C 353.

Wast, s. waste, C 593, I 813.

Waste, adj. pl. wasted, partially destroyed, A 1331.

Waste, v. waste, 5. 283; Wasteth, pr. s. wastes away, passes, B 20; Wasted, pp. destroyed, A 3020.

Wastel-breed, s. cake-bread, bread of the very best quality, A 147.

Wastour, s. waster, E 1535. A. F. wastour.

Water, s. water, i.e. sea, A 400; water, L. 852; to watre, (turn) to water, T. iii. 115; F 496; Wateres, pl. waters, B 5. m 1. 5.

Water-foul, 5. 327, 504; Water-foules, 5. 554.

Watering, s. watering-place (for horses), A 826.

Waterlees, adj. without water, A 180.

Waterpot, s. a water-pot, E 290.

Water-syde, s. edge of the water, R. 129.

Wawe, s. wave, L. 2416; B 508, I 363; Wawes, pl. R. 1561; 9. 21; B 1. m 2. 15; T. ii. 1, v. 1109; A. 1958, B 468; L. 865. Cf. O. Sax. wāg.

Waxe, v. wax, C 23; grow, 3. 415; R. 389; Waxen, pp. become, 3. 414; T. v. 1014, 1374, 1376.

Wayferinge, adj. wayfaring, B 2. p 5. 128; see note (ii. 432).

Wayk, adj. weak, L. 2428, 2713; B 1671, I 311; Wayke, def. B 932; pl. A 887. See Weyk.

Wayken, ger. to grow weak, lessen, T. iv. 1144.

Wayle, v.; Wayleth, pr. s. wails, A 1221, F 819. See Wailen.

Wayling, s. wailing, E 1213.

Waymenten, ger. to lament, I 230. O. F. weimenter; see guaimenter in Godefroy.

Waymentinge, s. lamenting, lamentation, A 995, 1921, I 85. See Weymentinge.

Wayn, s. car, B 4. m 1. 22; Weynes, pl. B 4. m 5. 4.

Wayten, ger. to observe, T. i. 190; to watch for, F 1263; to watch, F 444; v. to expect, T. iii. 491; B 467; Wayteth, pr. s. seeks occasion, A 1222; expects, E 2096; watches, B 593, 3331; Wayten, pr. pl. F 88; Wayted, pt. s. waited, looked (for), expected, A 525; watched, took precautions, A 571; watched, observed, F 129; Wayte, imp. s. look out for, await, observe, HF. 342; observe, D 517. See Waiten.

We, pron. A 816, 818, &c.; apparently used as acc. = us, G 315; but see the note.

Webbe, s. a weaver, A 362. A.S. webba.

Webbe, s. web, A. i. 3. 4.

Wedde, s. dat.; to w., as a pledge, in pledge, A 1218, B 1613.

Wedde, ger. to wed, 17. 18; T. v. 863; v. wed, D 928; Weddedè, pt. s. A 868; Wedded, pt. s. D 1080; Wedded, pp. 7. 131; T. v. 344; pp. as adj. 5. 355; Wed, imp. s. 15. 28.

Wedding, s. wedding, E 246, 261; wedlock, 17. 24; Weddínge, s. A 883.

Wedding-ring, s. E 868.

Wede, (wèèdə), s. weed, robe, garment, R. 778; T. i. 177, iii. 1431, 1719; A 1006, B 2107, E 863.

Wedes, (wéédez), pl. weeds, T. i. 946.

Weder, s. weather, R. 455; D 2253, F 52; T. iii. 670; storm, T. ii. 2, iii. 657; Wedres, pl. storms, R. 73; Weders, storms, 5. 681. A.S. weder.

Wedercok, s. weathercock, 21. 12.

Wedlok, s. wedlock, L. 295 a, E 115. A.S. wed-lāc.

Weel, (wéél), adv. well, L. 335; A 926, 2123, 4308, D 161, E 2425, F 1287; well placed, luckily situated, B 308. See Wel.

Weeldinge, s. power, control, B 2800. See Welde, s.

Weep, pt. s. of Wepe.

Weeply, adj. tearful, sorrowful, B 1. p 1. 2, B 3. m 12. 4.

Weet, s. wet, A 4107, B 3407. A.S. wǣt, Icel. vátr.

Weex, pt. s. waxed, grew, G 513. See Waxe.

Wegge, s. a wedge, A. i. 14. 4.

Wehee, s. a whinnying noise, A 4066. An imitative word; it occurs in P. Plowman.

Weilawey, alas! D 216.

Weke, s. week, F 1295 n.

Wel, adv. well, A 384, B 25; much, L. 1386; many, L. 11; certainly, 3. 1117; L. 452; fully, A 29, 49; T. ii. 509; about (used with numbers), A 24, F 383; wel royal, very royal, F 26; wel ny, very nearly, B 3230; wel the bet, much better, T. ii. 92; wel unethe, scarcely at all, L. 33 a; to be wel, to be in favour, 3. 845; wel is him, it is well for him, T. i. 350; well was him, it was well for him, B 4066; L. 1011; ful wel, very wel, A 122, 215. See Weel.

Welawey, int. wellaway! alas! 7. 338; 9. 318; T. iii. 1695.

Wel-come, welcome, 4. 67; T. v. 73; A 762, 854; Welcom, 5. 680; cf. D 1800, 1811.

Welcomed, pt. s. welcomed, T. v. 849.

Welde, s. weld, the name of a plant, 9. 17. See note.

Welde, s. power, control, R. 395. Icel. veldi.

Welden, ger. to have control over, to move with ease, D 1947; Welde, ger. to have rule over, to control, D 271; to wield, L. 2000; v. control, tame, B 3452; Welded, pt. s. governed, controlled, B 3855; Welte, pt. s. B 3200. A.S. ge-weldan.

Weldy, adj. wieldy, active, T. ii. 636.

Wele, s. happiness, success, prosperity, well-being, good fortune, 3. 603; 4. 184; 10. 2; 13. 4; HF. 1138; L. 689, 1235; A 895, 3101, B 122, 175, 3268, C 115, E 474, 842, 971.

Wele, adv. well, 3. 643. See Weel. (Better to read weel, wheel).

Weleful, adj. prosperous, B 1. m 1. 8; happy, B 1. m 1. 13; B 2507; Welful, blessed, B 451.

Welefulnesse, s. happiness, B 1. P 3. 23.

Wel-fare, s. welfare, well-being, safety, 3. 582; A 3063, F 838; happiness, 3. 1040.

Wél-faríng, adj. wellfaring, thriving, prosperous, B 3132; Wél-farínge, good looking, 3. 452.

Welk; pt. s. of Walken.

Welken, ger. to wither, B. 4. p 7. 66; Welked, pp. as adj. withered, C 738, D 277. Cf. Mid. Du. welken.

Welken, s. heaven, sky, 3. 339, 343, 409; HF. 1601; T. iii. 551; Welkne, 10. 62; Welkne, dat. B 3921, E 1124. A.S. wolcen.

Welle, s. well, source, spring, 1. 126; 4. 75; 5. 62; B 4. m 6. 28, 35; L. 788, 804, 808, 1584; A 3037, B 323, 1846, 3234, E 215, 276, F 505, 1377; Welle of Love, Well of Love, R. 1627; Welles, pl. R. 1409; F 898; springs, streams, 3. 160. A.S. wella.

Welle, ger. to well, T. v. 215; to well (up), T. iv. 709.

Welle-stremes, pl. fountain-streams, well-springs, 5. 187.

Welmeth, pr. s. wells, gushes, R. 1561. From A.S. welm, wylm, a fountain.

Welnigh, adv. well nigh, 4. 253. See Wel.

Welte, pt. s. wielded, i.e. lorded it over, possessed for use, B 3200. See Welden.

Wel-willy, adj. benevolent, benign, beneficent, T. iii. 1257. Cf. guid-willy in Lowl. Scotch.

Wem, s. blemish, R. 930; hurt, F 121. Cf. A.S. wem.

Wemmelees, adj. stainless, G 47.

Wenche, s. wench, girl, (usually) light or wanton girl or woman, HF. 206; A 3254, 3973, 4178, D 1362, E 2202, H 215; Wenches, pl. wanton women, B 3417, D 1355.

Wenden, ger. to go, A 21, 2214; v. 3. 67; Wende, ger. B 142, 253; 265, D 915; Wende, v. 7. 187; L. 2266; pass away, A 3025; go, pass, B 1683; Wende, 1 pr. s. 22. 78; Went, pr. s. goes, T. ii. 36, 812; Wende, pr. pl. A 16, E 189, F 296; 1 pr. s. subj. should go, T. ii. 220; 2 pr. s. subj. go, B 4271; pr. s. subj. may go, fare, 5. 440; Wente, pt. s. went, 3. 397; A 78, B 1739; Wente him, pt. s. went, G 110; Wentestow, 2 pr. s. wentest thou, didst thou go, = hast thou gone, A 3486; Went, pp. gone, L. 1651; R. 1317; B 1730, 1869, E 276; ben went, are gone, B 173; is went, is gone, G 534 (see note); be went, may be gone, is gone, A 3665.

Wending, s. departure, T. iv. 1344, 1436; Wendinge, departing, B 2. p 1. 70.

Wene, s. supposition, doubt, T. iv. 1593; withouten wene, without doubt, R. 574, 732. A.S. wēn.

Wenen, v. ween, suppose, imagine, consider, L. 12; G 676; Wene, v. F 1267, G 1088; expect, A 4320; Wene, ger. to suppose, R. 13; to be supposed, B 3. p 2. 72; Wene, 1 pr. s. B 4643, E 1174; Wenest, 2 pr. s. thinkest, 3. 744, 1138; T. v. 1522; expectest, A. ii. 3. 46; Wenestow, weenest thou, thinkest thou, D 311; Weneth, pr. s. imagines (with men = one), A 2195; imagines, T. i. 216; B 3716; Wene, 2 pr. pl. think, T. ii. 300; Wenen, pr. pl. imagine, A 1804; Wene, pr. pl. expect, E 1280; Wene, pr. s. subj. imagine, 10. 25; Wende, 1 pt. s. imagined, T. v. 693; supposed, F 585; fancied, A 1269; Wende, pt. s. thought, expected, supposed, R. 1135, 1521; 7. 124; A 3474, 3693, &c.; Wenden, pt. pl. supposed, thought, E 751, D 2029; Wende, 1 pt. s. subj. had expected, T. iv. 919; Wendest, 2 pr. s. subj. shouldst ween, T. i. 1031; Wende, pt. s. subj. would have thought, C 782; Wenden, pt. pl. subj. would have fancied, T. i. 217; Wend, pp. supposed, T. iv. 384; imagined, T. v. 1682; imagined, thought, E 691, F 510; Wened, pp. understood, B 4. p 7. 16; Weninge, pres. pt. imagining, HF. 262; H 157.

Wenged, adj. winged, HF. 2118.

Wenges, pl. wings, L. 168 a. Icel. vængr. See Winges.

Weninge, s. imagination, supposition, T. iv. 992; opinion, idea, B 5. p 6. 41.

Weninge, adj. conjecturing, B 3. p 10. 61.

Went, pr. s. and pp. of Wenden.

Wente, pt. s. of Wenden.

Wente, s. turn, T. ii. 63, 815, v. 605, 1194; path, passage, T. iii. 787; footpath, 18. 69; dat. 3. 398; HF. 182. A.S. wend, a turn, change.

Wepe, v. weep, A 144, 230; Wepe, 1 pr. s. subj. 12. 9; Wepestow, weepest thou, B 1. p 4. 2; Wepen, pr. pl. B 820; Weep, 1 pt. s. wept, D 588; Weep, pt. s. wept, R. 332; 3. 107; 7. 138; L. 846, 873, 1732, 2344, 2706; A 148, B 606, 1052, 3852, E 545, F 496, 1116, G 371; Wepte, pt. s. (weak form), B 267; Wepten, pt. pl. wept, T. v. 1822; Wepen, pp. T. i. 941; Wopen, pp. B 1. p 5. 42; T. v. 724; F 523; Wepinge, pres. pt. 3. 634; Weping, 18. 28. A.S. wēpan, pt. t. wēop.

Wepen, s. weapon, 1. 118; L. 1994, 2010, 2140; B 3214, 3228; Wepne, A 1591.

Weping, s. weeping, 3. 600; A 231, 2831, E 1213; Wepinge, I 90.

Werbul, s. tune (warble), T. ii. 1033.

Werche, v. work, perform, B 566, G 14, 1155; Werken, ger. to do, G 1477; Wroghtestow (for Wroghest thou), thou didst cause, B 3583; Wroghte, pt. s. worked, A 497; worked, contrived, B 1788, E 463; made, E 1152, F 128; wrought, made, D 499; performed, F 733; was working at, L. 1721; fashioned, 4. 259; Wroughte, 1 pt. s. acted, A. ii. 3. 28; did, R. 701; Wroughte, pt. s. carried on, waged, B 4. m 7. 1; wrought, 1. 116; Wroghten, pt. pl. performed, H 239; Wroughten, pt. pl. did, T. i. 63; Wroghte, pt. pl. (they) effected, L. 1696; Wrought, pp. made, formed, R. 559; born, 3. 90; B 3619; Wroght, pp. made, created, G 326; composed, L. 372. See Werke.

Werde, pt. s. of Were (wear).

Werdes, s. pl. fates, destinies, B 1. m 1. 8, m 4. 2. A.S. wyrd.

Were, (wèrə), s. weir, 5. 138; T. iii. 35. A.S. wer.

Were, s. doubt, 3. 1295; HF. 979; distress, mental struggle, L. 2686. Lowl. Sc. weir.

Were, 2 pt. s. wast, 1. 50; 10. 37; T. iv. 762; Weren, 2 pt. pl. (you) were, E 846; Weren, pt. pl. were, A 28, 313; Were, pt. pl. A 26; Wern, pt. pl. 3. 1289; it were, they were, E 850; Were, pt. s. subj. would be, R. 1111; A. ii. 43. 8; E 1609; T. iii. 1764; should be, 5. 511; A. ii. 43. 7; hence, was, B 3189, 3711; might be, A 522, B 1295, D 1357; were (the matter), T. ii. 1013; al were it, though it were, D 1172; were it, whether it were, i.e. either, B 143; if so were, if so be, B 1640; as it were, as if it was, F 195. See Was.

Were (wèrə), v. wear, 21. 7; ger. L. 1132; F 147; Werest, 2 pr. s. wearest, HF. 1840; Werestow, wearest thou, B 3139; Wereth on, wears upon (her), D 1018; Were, pr. pl. wear, A 2948; Were, pr. s. subj. 14. 7; Werede, pt. s. wore, A 1388, 3235; Werde, R. 875; Wered, A 75, 564, 680, 1929, B 3320; Wered upon, 1 pt. s. wore upon (me), D 559; pt. s. wore upon (her), R. 564; Wered, pp. worn, A 4303, B 3315. A.S. werian.

Were, ger. to defend, A 2550; Were, 3 imp. s. may (God) defend it, R. 305 (see note). A.S. werian.

Werieth, pr. s. wearies, G 1304. A.S. wērian, to weary.

Werinesse, s. weariness, R. 1508; L. 2429.

Weringe, s. wearing, I 1052.

Werk, s. work, A 479; act, L. 891; B 930; reality, practice, F 482; Werkes, pl. works, HF. 54; B 478, G 64; actions, 3. 801.

Werken, v. work, act, A 3527; work, T. iii. 56; A. ii. 5. 9; work (with a needle), L. 2351; ger. A 779; Werketh, pr. s. acts, L. 1385; imp. pl. act, E 504.

Werkers, pl. doers, D 1937.

Werkes, pr. pl. ache, A 4030. Icel. verkja.

Werking, s. deed, H 210; mode of operation, G 1367; deeds, actions, E 495; Werkinge, proceeding, B 2590; action, G 116, I 111; performing, I 109; Werkinges, pl. workings, I 82.

Werkman, s. workman, E 1832.

Werne, ger. to refuse, T. iii. 149, iv. 111; v. refuse, R. 1485; T. iii. 12; L. 448; HF. 1797; D 333; warn off, R. 636; Werne, 1 pr. s. HF. 1559; Werned, pt. s. HF. 1539; Werned, pp. forbidden, R. 442; denied, B 2. p 3. 30. A.S. wyrnan.

Werning, s. let, forbidding, R. 1142.

Werre, s. war, T. ii. 868; HF. 1961; A 47, 1287, 1447, B 2839, 3491, 3926, F 757; strife, B 2199; tumult, T. v. 254; trouble (lit. war), T. v. 1393; of werre, in war, T. i. 134; to w., in enmity, 1. 116; Werres, pl. wars, 7. 22; 9. 23.

Werre, adv. worse, 3. 616. Icel. verri.

Werreye, ger. to make war, A 1484; v. make war, B 3522; fight, 9. 25; Werreyen, v. war against, A 1544; Werreyest, 2 pr. s. warrest against, L. 322; Werreyeth, pr. s. opposes, I 487; Werreieth, combats, I 401; Werreyed, pp. warred against, T. v. 584; F 10. A. F. werreier; F. guerroier.

Werreyour, s. warrior, L. 597.

Wers, adj. worse, 3. 1118; A 3872.

Wers, adv. worse, 3. 814; T. ii. 735; A 3733; Werse, F 600.

Werste, adj. superl. worst, 3. 1174; T. ii. 304.

Werte, s. wart, A 555. A.S. wearte.

Wery, adj. (being) weary, T. iv. 707; weary, 3. 127; 5. 99; L. 1286; B 2111; worn, R. 440, 664; beaten repeatedly, lit. weary, B 4. m 5. 12.

Wesele, s. weasel, A 3234, B 2515.

Wesh, Wessh; pt. s. of Wasshe.

West, adv. in the west, F 459; to the west, 3. 88.

Weste; by weste, out west, A 388.

Weste, adv. westwards, L. 563.

Weste, v. turn to the west, L. 61, 197; ger. to draw near to the west, 5. 266.

Westren, v. to go to the west, T. ii. 906.

Westren, adj. western; Westrene, def. B 4. m 6. 8; pl. B 1. m 2. 14; B 3. m 2. 26.

West-ward, to the west, A 1894, 1906.

Wete, adj. wet, HF. 922; def. R. 1424; pl. 4. 89; T. v. 1109; L. 775; A 1280, 2338, E 2140. A.S. wǣt.

Wete, s. wet, perspiration, G 1187. A.S. wǣta, wǣte.

Wete, v. wet, T. iii. 1115; HF. 1785; Wette, pt. s. A 129.

Weten, v. wit, know, B 5. p 3. 75; A. ii. 44. 31; Wete, v. T. ii. 1635 n. (More correctly, witen.) See Wite.

Wether, s. sheep, T. iv. 1374; A 3249; Wetheres, pl. A 3542. A.S. weðer.

Weven, v. weave, L. 2352; Weve, 1 pr. s. B 4. p 6. 27; Waf, pt. s. wove, L. 2364; Woven, pp. B 1. p 3. 29. A.S. wefan.

Wex, s. wax, A 675, E 1430, 2117, G 1164, 1268; T. ii. 1088; A. ii. 40. 22; Wexe, dat. L. 2004.

Wexen, v. wax, grow, become, B 2265, G 877; Wexe, v. 3. 497; 5. 207, 444; HF. 1391; I 340; Wexeth, pr. s. HF. 1076; L. 2683; grows to be, B 3966; Wexen, pr. pl. become, G 1095; L. 2240; 1 pr. pl. G 869; Wexe, 1 pr. s. subj. may I become, G 1377; Wexe, 2 pr. pl. increase, grow (in applauding), E 998; Wex, pt. s. grew, became, 3. 1300; 4. 127; 5. 206, 583; L. 615, 866, 1610; A 1362, B 1301, 1914, 3868, 3936, &c.; increased, L. 727; Wexen, pt. pl. became, T. ii. 908; 3. 489; Wexe, pt. pl. grew, R. 1674; L. 727; Woxen, pp. grown, waxed, R. 605; HF. 2082; E 400, G 379, 381; become, R. 359; C 71, I 137; Woxe, pp. grown, R. 1460; become, HF. 1494; Wexing, pres. pt. waxing, A 2078; growing, R. 1367. A.S. weaxan, pt. t. wēox.

Wexede, pt. s. waxed, coated with wax, A. ii. 40. 18.

Wey, s. way, 1. 75; A 34, E 273; path, R. 1345; the sun's apparent daily path, A. ii. 30. 3; the sun's apparent annual orbit, A. i. 21. 31; Weye, way, A 791, B 385, G 1374; Weye, dat. A 467, 771, 1121; manner, wise, B 590, G 676; on his way, F 604; a furlong wey, a short time (lit. short distance), E 516; go wey, go thy way, T. i. 574; do wey, do away (with them), away! T. ii. 893; take away, A 3287; by the weye, by the way, B 1698, 1747; any weyes, by any way, HF. 1122; by al weyes, in all things, 3. 1271; other weyes, otherwise, T. iii. 1658; non other weyes, in no other way, 3. 1271; HF. 585; Weyes, pl. ways, 7. 286; L. 7; C 213. A.S. weg.

Weyen, v. weigh, B 3776; oghte weyen, ought to weigh, L. 398; Weyest, 2 pr. s. dost weigh, B 3423; Weyeth, pr. s. weighs, esteems, A 1781; weighs, I 367; weighs down, L. 1788; Weyed, pt. s. G 1298; Weyeden, pt. pl. A 454.

Weyere, s. the 'weigher,' a translation of the Lat. equator, because it weighs equally the night and day; i.e. the days and nights, at the equinoxes, are equal; A. i. 17. 15.

Weyk, adj. weak, 7. 341; Weyke, dat. weak, poor, R. 225. Icel. veikr. See Wayk.

Weyker, adj. comp. weaker, B 2673.

Weylaway, interj. alas! A 938, 4072; wellaway! 3. 729; B 370, 632, 810, 3313, 3635; alas for, T. iii. 1078; Weylawey the whyle, alas! the while, T. iv. 1.

Weymentinge, s. lamenting, A 902; lamentation, R. 510; lament, T. ii. 65. See Waymentinge.

Weynes, s. pl. wains, chariots, B 4. m 5. 4. See Wayn.

Weyven, ger. to turn aside, E 1483; v. waive, neglect, T. ii. 284; Weyve, v. relinquish, waive, cast aside, 7. 299; put aside, D 1176; forsake, G 276; abandon, B 2406; reject, B 2398; turn aside, twist away, E 2424; Weyve, 1 pr. s. 7. 294; Weyveth, pr. s. puts aside, T. iv. 602; abandons, H 178; Weyven, pr. pl. waive, set aside, I 33; Weyve, pr. s. subj. put aside, I 353; 2 pr. pl. subj. omit, B 2256; Weyved, pp. removed, swung aside, B 308; Weyve, imp. s. waive, put aside, B 1. m 7. 11 (Lat. pelle); abandon, give up, 13. 20 n. O. F. weiver; from Icel. veifa.

Whale, s. D 1930.

Whan, when, A 5, 18, 179, B 111, I 104, &c.; Whanne, T. v. 1428; F 1406; When, A 894, 913, &c.; Whan that, A 1, 760, 801, &c.

What, whatever, 4. 170; 5. 664; what sort of a, L. 1305; what with, B 21, 22; why, T. ii. 262, 292; HF. 1282; A 184, 849, 3902, B 232, 374, 703, &c.; what, as far as, T. iv. 35; What (for who), T. i. 765, 862; as interj. why! A 854; what! how! L. 1800; What that, whatever, E 165; What man so (or that), whomsoever, F 157, 160; What man that, whoever, B 2645; What ... a, what a, T. ii. 464; What ... that, which, A. ii. 17. 14; A. ii. 18. 2; What for ... what for, partly ... partly, 7. 69; What ... what, partly ... partly, 5. 15; HF. 2058; T. ii. 1441; What for ... and, both for ... and, F 54; What with ... and, both by ... and, A 865.

What-so, whoso, A 522; whatsoever, T. ii. 592; C 187, G 711, 965, I 160.

Wheel, s. A 925, 2023; T. i. 839, 848, 850; (of fortune), 6. 39; 10. 46; orbit, HF. 1450; circle, HF. 794; Whele (better Wheel, riming with weel, not wele), 3. 644; Whele, dat. sphere, B 1. m 5. 1.

Wheelen, ger. to wheel, cause to revolve, T. i. 139.

Whelkes, pl. pimples, blotches, A 632. Dimin. of wheal.

Whelp, s. cub, A 2627; whelp, 3. 389; dog, F 491; Whelpe, puppy, A 257; Whelpes, pl. dogs, B 4122, G 60.

Whenne, adv. whence, E 588. A.S. hwanon.

Whennes, adv. whence, 16. 6; B 2400, C 335, G 247, I 82; Of whennes, from whence, G 432, 433.

Wher, adv. where, B 1785, &c.; wherever, R. 1669; C 748; where that, G 727; Wher as (or Wher-as), where that, where, B 647, 1311, C 466, H 49; Wher that, wherever, 5. 172; Where (dissyllabic), D 2052.

Wher, whether, (a common contracted form of whether), 3. 91, 417, 1174; 5. 7; 6. 81; 7. 182; HF. 586, 890, 981; T. iii. 66; A 2252, 2397, B 3119, &c.; is it the case that, HF. 1779.

Wher-as, adv. where that, where, T. iii. 516; A. ii. 31. 14; B 3347, 3962, D 920, F 802, I 163; wheresoever, B 1. m 7. 15; B 2965; Wher-as that, where that, D 1641. See Wher, above.

Whereof, prep. in what respect, R. 703; wherefore, for what, R. 1552; H 339; whereunto, I 308.

Wherfore, for any cause, C 216; Wherfor that, why is it that, why, 3. 1044, 1088; 5. 17.

Wherin, adv. in which, E 376.

Wher-on; long wher-on, i.e. along of what, because of what, G 930.

Wher-so, whether, B 294, F 778; wheresoever, 3. 10, 112, 783; whithersoever, 2. 102; F 118; wherever, L. 439.

Wher-through, adv. by means of which, 3. 120.

Wherto, adv. for what purpose, why, wherefore, 3. 670; T. i. 409, ii. 302.

Wherwith, wherewith, means whereby, A 302.

Whete, s. wheat, C 375, 863, D 1746, I 36. A.S. hwǣte.

Whete-seed, s. seed of wheat, corn, D 143.

Whether, adj. which (of two), A 1856; which of the two, D 1227.

Whether, whether, A 570; (pronounced wher), T. ii. 1466; and often. See Wher.

Whetston, s. whet-stone, T. i. 631.

Whetted, pp. sharpened, 6. 63; Whette, pp. pl. sharpened, T. v. 1760.

Which, pron. which, A 161; what, B 3. m 8. 1; T. i. 200; whom, A 568; what kind of, L. 1883; F 1442; Whiche, dat. which, T. ii. 405; Whiche, pl. what sort of men, A 40; which, B 553, 3860, F 30; Which a, what kind of a, what a, 3. 734, 895, 919; HF. 2034; T. i. 199, 803; L. 668, 869, &c.; Which that, who, A 986; Whiche, dat. pl. A 1013; for which, wherefore, E 1800. Usually equivalent to Lat. qualis.

Whider, whither, 1. 124; T. v. 428, 486; E 588, F 378, G 303. A.S. hwider.

Whider-so, whithersoever, T. iii. 391.

Whiderward, adv. in what direction, B 5. p 6. 179; whitherward, F 1510.

Whilk, which (Northern), A 4078.

Whilom, adv. once, D 2017; formerly, D 1299. See Whylom.

Whippe, s. whip, T. i. 220; D 175, E 1671; Whippes, gen. 5. 178.

Whipped, pp. punished, I 716.

Whippeltree (better Wippeltree), cornel-tree (see note), A 2923.

Whirle, ger. to rush, go swiftly, T. v. 1019; v. be whirled round, 5. 80; Whirleth, pr. s. whirls, HF. 2006; F 671; Whirlinge, pres. pt. swiftly turning, B 2. p 2. 37.

Whirling, s. 10. 11.

Whispringe, s. whispering, T. ii. 1753; Whispringes, pl. HF. 1958.

Whist, adj. silent, B 2. m 5. 16 n.

Whistelinge, s. a whistling sound, A 2337.

Whistle, s. A 4155 (see note).

Whistle, imp. s. whistle, A 4102; Whistling, pres. pt. whistling, A 170.

Who, interrog. who, T. v. 371; D 692; indef. who (it might be), 3. 244; one who, 3. 559; whoever, who, T. v. 1115; Who was who, which was which, A 4300; Whos, whose, 4. 132; 18. 6; 22. 87; T. iii. 41; Whom, whom, A 501; to whom, D 1491 (cf. A 915); i.e. one who, L. 1955; i.e. which, A. ii. 3. 39.

Who-so, whoever, A 644; HF. 12.

Why, adv. for what reason, why, I 35; reason why, cause, T. ii. 777.

Whyl, conj. while, whilst, 3. 1124; A 35, 397, 1179, B 3208.

Whyle, s. time, R. 1542; L. 2227; A 3299, B 370, 546; Whyl (for Whyle, before a vowel), B 3528; worth the wh., worth while, T. v. 882; in the mene whyles, during the mean while, B 668. A.S. hwīl.

Whyl-er, adv. formerly, G 1328.

Whyles, gen. s. as adv.; the whyles, whilst, 3. 151; Whyls, while, G 1137, 1139.

Whylom, adv. once, formerly, once on a time, 4. 29; R. 10, 362; L. 432, 706, 1005; A 795, 859, 867, 932, B 134, 3266, 3557, 3917, 4012, 4175, C 463, E 64, 846.

Whyne, v. whine, whinny, D 386.

Whyt, adj. white, A 238; Whyte, def. A 3241, B 2047; as sb., white wine, C 526, 562; Whyte, pl. white, 3. 1318; A 90, 2139, B 3658; innocent, guileless, T. iii. 1567; specious, flattering, T. iii. 901.

Whyte, s. white (i.e. silver), T. iii. 1384.

Whyten, v. grow white, T. v. 276.

Whytnesse, s. whiteness, G 89.

Whytter, adj. whiter, B 4053.

Wicchecraft, s. witchcraft, D 1303.

Widwe, s. widow, A 253, 1171, B 1699, 4011, C 450, D 928; Widewes, gen. widow's, T. ii. 114; Widwes, gen. B 1692, D 1581; Widwes, pl. L. 283 a; E 1423.

Widwehode, s. widowhood, I 916; Widwehed, L. 295 a.

Wierdes, pl. fates, T. iii. 617; Wirdes, L. 2580. A.S. wyrd. And see Werdes.

Wight, s. a person, creature, man, living being, A 71, 280, 326, 1425, 3484, B 139, 203, 656, &c.; R. 536; 1. 112; 2. 3; 3. 530; 4. 116; 5. 511; 7. 88; 18. 8; whit, short while, A 4283; Wightes, pl. creatures, men, beings, 3. 579; A 3479.

Wight, adj. active, B 3457; nimble, fleet, A 4086.

Wighte, s. weight, 4. 99; HF. 739; L. 231, 1118; T. ii. 1385; A 2145, 2520, F 1560, G 73.

Wike, s. week, C 362. See Wyke.

Wiket, s. wicket-gate, small gate, R. 528, 642; HF. 477; E 2045, 2118.

Wikke, adj. evil, wicked, bad, R. 925; 1. 44; 10. 47; B 4. p 2. 59; T. i. 403, ii. 458; HF. 349; A 1087, 1580; B 78, 1028, C 88, E 785, G 524, I 493; false, B 2247; depraved, 10. 55; poor, much alloyed, HF. 1346; Wikke, adj. as s. evil, bad, T. iii. 1074; iv. 840.

Wikked, adj. bad, wicked, L. 2395; B 2387, F 1599, I 111; destructive, B 3806; Wikkid, disagreeable, B 3. m 1. 5; Wikkede, pl. wicked, I 112. In B 3576, wikked nest is put for F. mau ni, i.e. Sir Oliver Mauny; see the note.

Wikkedly, adv. wickedly, E 723.

Wikkednesse, s. evil, 17. 7.

Wil, s. will, 6. 83; B 5. p 2. 17. A.S. gewill. See Wille.

Wil, 1 pr. s. desire, wish, 7. 244, 245; pr. s. desires, B 1843. See Wol.

Wilde, adj. wild; Wilde fyr, wild fire, fire not easily put out, Greek fire, D 373, I 445 (see note); a disease, A 4172 (see note), E 2252; Wilde, pl. wild, L. 2198; A 2018. A.S. wilde.

Wildely, adv. in a wild way, 3. 875.

Wildernesse, s. wilderness, 13. 17.

Wildnesse, s. wilderness, 9. 34.

Wilen, pr. pl. will, R. 1683. See Wol, Wil.

Wilful, adj. voluntary, B 3. p 11. 112; wilful, 15. 13.

Wilful, as adv. wilfully, willingly, 5. 429.

Wilfulhed, s. wilfulness, L. 355 a.

Wilfully, adv. willingly, voluntarily, of free will, by choice, B 4486, C 441; purposely, knowingly, T. ii. 284; B 4557.

Wilfulnesse, s. wish, B 2572; wilfulness, 15. 6.

Wille, s. own accord, B 3. p 4. 66; will, 1. 45, 57; pleasure, desire, E 326, F 1, 8; Willes, gen. F 568; Wille, dat. F 5; as by his w., willingly, 17. 12; Willes, pl. wishes, T. iv. 107. A.S. willa. See Wil.

Wille, v. will, desire, E 721. See Wil, Wol.

Willing, s. desire, E 319; Willinges, pl. wills, B 5. p 6. 208.

Willingly, adv. of free will, E 362.

Wilnen, v. desire, A 2114; Wilne, v. desire, wish, I 517; ger. to desire, B 1. p 4. 109; Wilne, 1 pr. s. desire, HF. 1094; Wilnest, 2 pr. s. desirest, A 1609; Wilneth, pr. s. T. iv. 615; F 120; Wilne, 2 pr. pl. wish, T. iii. 121; Wilnen, pr. pl. desire, B 4. m 4. 9; HF. 1312; Wilned, 1 pt. s. 3. 1262, 1267. A.S. wilnian.

Wilninge, s. willing, wishing, B 3. p ii. 60; Wilninges, pl. desires, B 3. p. 11. 117. A.S. wilnung.

Wilow, s. willow-tree, A 2922.

Wilt, 2 pr. s. wilt, desirest (to), 1. 181; Wiltow, wilt thou, A 1156; wishest thou, B 2116; wilt thou (go), D 1387. See Wol.

Wimpel, s. wimple, a covering for the head, gathered round it, and pleated under the chin, A 151; L. 813, 832, 847; Wimpil, T. ii. 110 n. A.S. winpel.

Wimpleth, pr. s. conceals (as with a wimple), B 2. p 1. 43.

Wind, s. wind, T. iii. 526, v. 443; A 170, B 1173; Winde, s. dat. empty fame, B 2. m 7. 19; Windes, pl. (of) winds, T. ii. 1104.

Windas, s. windlass, F 184. Du. windas; Icel. vind-āss, from vinda, to wind, and āss, a beam.

Winde, ger. to turn, T. iii. 1541; to revolve, T. ii. 601; to roam about, L. 818; Winde, v. wind, entwine, T. iii. 1232; intertwine, 5. 671; ply, bend, T. i. 257; bind with cloths, E 583; twist and turn, G 980; Winde, 1 pr. s. turn about, D 1102; Winde, 2 pr. s. subj. mayst turn, mayst go, T. iii. 1440; Wond, pt. s. wound, went about, L. 2253.

Windinge, s. twisting, I 417.

Wind-melle, s. wind-mill, HF. 1280.

Windowe, s. window, HF. 2029; T. ii. 1015, v. 534; Window, L. 1784; (always before a vowel; the final e is elided); Windówes, pl. windows, HF. 1191; Wíndowes, 3. 323, 335; B 2612.

Windre, ger. to trim, R. 1020; Windred, pp. trimmed, R. 1018. Cf. O. F. guignier. See note.

Windy, adj. unstable as wind, B 2. p 8. 17. (The right reading; see note.)

Winged, provided with wings, T. iii. 1808; A 1385.

Winges, s. pl. wings, 5. 670; L. 236; F 415, 766. See Wenges.

Winke, v. wink, B 4496; nod, F 348; remain awake, T. iii. 1537; Winke, ger. B 4620; Winke, 1 pr. s. am asleep, 5. 7; shut the eyes, fall asleep, 2. 109; 5. 482; Winketh, pr. s. B 4621.

Winne, ger. to win, gain, A 427, 713; D 961; to conquer, F 214; to get gain, C 461; Winnen, ger.; w. fro, to get away from, T. v. 1125; Winne, 2 pr. s. subj. win, gain, A 1617; Wan, 1 pt. s. got, D 1477; Wan, pt. s. won, gained, 3. 267; 7. 89; T. v. 1092; L. 1922; A 442, 989, B 2288, G 33; pt. s. used as pt. pl. F 1401; Wonnen, pp. won, A 877, 3381; Wonne, pp. won, gained, 6. 113; T. ii. 1743; L. 1942; A 51, 59, F 733; begotten, L. 2564; gained, i.e. approached, 4. 31.

Winning, s. gain, profit, A 275, D 416; Winninge, winning, T. i. 199; Winninges, pl. gains, B 127.

Winsinge, pres. pt. wincing, starting aside, i.e. skittish, A 3263.

Winter, pl. years, T. i. 811; L. 369 a; B 3249, D 600, 1651, F 43; 5. 473. A.S. winter, s. and pl.

Wintermyte, apparently winter-cap, B 3562 n. A false reading.

Wirche, v. work, A 3430; provide, E 1661; give relief, A 2759; in passive sense, to be made, HF. 474; ger. to perform, A 3308; Wirk, imp. s. do, E 1485; Wircheth, imp. pl. work, act, T. iii. 943. See Werche.

Wirdes, pl. Fates, L. 2580; Wierdes, T. iii. 617. A.S. wyrd. See Werdes.

Wirk, imp. s. work, do, E 1485. See Wirche.

Wirkinge, s. efficiency, B 3. p 11. 18; actions, D 698; calculation, F 1280; Wirkinges, pl. operations, B 3. p 11. 68.

Wis, adv. certainly, verily, surely, 3. 550, 683; T. ii. 381, 474, 563; HF. 576, 1067, 1819; A 2786, D 621; as wis, as sure (as), T. iv. 1655; assuredly, F 1470. See Ywis.

Wisdom, s. wisdom, A 371, 575.

Wisly, adv. certainly, truly, verily, R. 632; 5. 117; 7. 262, 287; 23. 4. 8; HF. 1860; L. 1806; A 1863, 3994, 4162, B 1061, 2112, D 1591, 1605, E 822, 1489, F 469, 789. (The i is short; see above; distinct from wysly, wisely.)

Wisse, v. instruct, T. i. 622; inform, D 1415; show, tell, D 1008; ger. to instruct, HF. 491, 2024; 2 pr. s. subj. teach, 5. 74; Wisse, pr. s. subj. guide, instruct, D 1858; imp. s. direct, guide, 1. 155. A.S. wissian.

Wissh, 1 pt. s. washed, R. 96, 125. See Wasshe.

Wisshe, v. wish, T. ii. 406.

Wist, -e; see Witen.

Wit, s. reason, R. 1535; understanding, B 2702, 3368, F 985; judgement, A 279, 574, F 674; mind, R. 1694; 3. 990; knowledge, mental power, R. 401; B 10; wisdom, 3. 898; T. iv. 1508; I 1081; feeling, sense, 6. 106; B 5. p 4. 107; proof of intelligence, E 459; Witte, dat. wit, 3. 756; out of his witte, L. 660; Wittes, pl. senses, 6. 98; B 5. p 5. 4; B 202, I 207, 959; wits, F 706; opinions, F 203.

Witen, ger. to know, to wit, T. v. 1324; I 82; v. L. 7; T. ii. 226; E 1740; A. ii. 45. 6; Wite, ger. to know, 3. 493; C 175; to discover, D 1450; v. A. ii. 3. 27; 2. 87; A 3555, G 621, 1333; do you wite, make you know, inform you, T. ii. 1635; Woot, 1 pr. s. wot, know, L. 1359; A 389, 659, B 3993, E 814, F 708, 972; pr. s. knows, 2. 30; C 242; Wot, 1 pr. s. L. 4; 1. 10; A. ii. 3. 51; pr. s. knows, B 195, 962, G 723; Woost, 2 pr. s. knowest, T. i. 633; A 1174; Wost, 2 pr. s. L. 542; HF. 729; F 696, G 653; Wostow, thou knowest, T. i. 611; A 2304; knowest thou, 3. 1152; HF. 1000; L. 499; A 1163, 3544, D 562, E 325; Witen, 1 pr. pl. wit, know, A 1260; Witen, 2 pr. pl. D 1890; Wite, 2 pr. pl. R. 847; 3. 16; HF. 1618; L. 1998; E 2431; know ye, H 1, 82; Woot (wrongly used for Wite), 2 pr. pl. know, A 740, 829, B 2133, F 519; Wite, pr. pl. L. 263 a; Wiste, 1 pt. s. wist, knew, E 814; Wistest, 2 pt. s. knewest, A 1156; Wistestow, knewest thou, B 1. p 6. 49; T. iii. 1644; Wiste, pt. s. knew, R. 1344; 3. 591; L. 853, 1245; A 224, 711, F 959; 2 pt. pl. L. 2116; Wisten, 2 pt. pl. T. ii. 501; Wiste, pt. pl. F 1014; Wiste, 1 pt. s. subj. F 968; pt. s. subj. C 370; (if he) knew, C 513; Wist, pp. known, T. i. 57, v. 441; HF. 351, 1666; B 1072, 2547, G 282; Witeth, imp. pl. know, 6. 96; T. i. 687. A.S. witan; pr. t. wāt, wāst, wāt, pl. witon; pt. t. wiste.

With, with, A 5, 10, &c.; to hele with your hurtes, to heal your wounds with, F 471, 641; by, 5. 248, 432; L. 266, 1412, 1430; A 2018, B 475, 1875, 2733; by means of, R. 1175, 1598.

With-al, adv. withal, 3. 1205; therewith, F 687; With-alle, withal, moreover, also, HF. 212; A 127, 751; therewith, A 283; notwithstanding, L. 1603, 1735.

Withdrawe, v. draw back, D 617; refl. withdraw myself, R. 1546; 10. 59; 1 pt. s. With-drow, subtracted, A. ii. 45. 8; Withdrawen, pp. withdrawn, B 1. p 1. 42; With-drawe, imp. s. subtract, A. ii. 44. 28.

Withholden, ger. to retain, I 1041; to maintain, preserve, B 4. p 6. 247, 249; With-holden, v. retain, B 4. p 6. 168; restrain, B 2. m 2. 12; With-holdeth, pr. s. retains, B 4. p 2. 148; B 5. m 3. 32; With-holden, pp. retained, B 2. p 1. 57; B 2. p 4. 89; B 5. m 3. 39; retained (in the legal sense), L. 192; With-holde, pp. retained, B 2202; detained, G 345; held fast, detained, B 4. p 3. 85; shut up, kept in confinement, A 511.

With-inne, adv. within, D 943; prep. F 590.

Withinne-forth, adv. within, B 5. p 5. 9.

With-oute, adv. outside, T. iii. 684. And see Withouten.

With-oute-forth, adv. outwardly, B 3. m 11. 19; I 172; from without, B 5. p 4. 109.

Withouten, prep. without, 3. 943; L. 177, 969, 1128; A 538, &c.; besides, as well as, A 461; Withoute, without, 1. 138; A 343; excepting, T. ii. 236.

Withseye, v. contradict, gainsay, A 805, I 507; refuse, L. 367; renounce, G 457; Withseyn, v. withsay, deny, A 1140; Withseye, pr. s. subj. renounce, G 447; Withseid, pp. contradicted, B 3. p 10. 45.

Withstonde, v. withstand, oppose, B 3110; Withstande, pr. pl. obstruct, B 1. m 7. 5; Withstondeth, pr. pl. hinder, resist, B 5. m 2. 6; Withstonde, pp. withstood, T. i. 253; L. 1186.

Witing, s. knowledge, cognizance, R. 397; A 1611, B 4439, D 649, E 492.

Witingly, adv. knowingly, I 401.

Witnesfully, adv. publicly, B 4. p 5. 7.

Witnesse, s. witness, 1. 143; L. 527.

Witnesse, imp. s. take witness, D 951; Witnes, imp. s. 3 p. let (it) bear witness, G 277; Witnesse on, take the example of, D 1491.

Witnessinge, s. witness, L. 299; Witnessing, C 194.

Witterly, adv. plainly, truly, L. 2606. Icel. vitrliga.

Wivere, s. wyvern, snake, T. iii. 1010. O. F. wivre, lit. viper; from Lat. uipera; F. givre.

Wlatsom, adj. disgusting, B 3814; heinous, B 4243. A.S. wlætta, disgust.

Wo, s. woe, R. 319; D 1082, 1083, F 737, 782; sorrow, F 945; woe, harm, A 2624; lamentation, A 900; me is wo, I am sorry, 3. 566, 573; L. 1985; wo were us, woe would be to us, E 139.

Wo, adj. unhappy, R. 312; sad, grieved, 3. 896, 1192; A 351, B 757, D 913, 1082, E 754, F 1007; wretched, 2. 3.

Wo-bigoon, adj. beset with woe, woe-begone, R. 336; L. 2409.

Wode, (wudə) s., wood, 3. 414, 444; 5. 100; B 3446, D 2173, F 413, 617; T. ii. 1332; Wodes, gen. B 4601; Wodes, pl. woods, 9. 42; A 2297.

Wode, adj.; see Wood.

Wode-binde, s. woodbine, honeysuckle, T. iii. 1231; A 1508.

Wode-craft, s. woodcraft, A 110.

Wodedowve, s. wood-dove, wood-pigeon, B 1960.

Wodewale, s. the green woodpecker, Gecinus viridis, R. 914; Wodewales, pl. R. 658.

Wodnesse, s. madness, T. iii. 794; see Woodnesse.

Woful, adj. sad, despairing, 4. 25, 106; L. 877, 883, 890; F 1311.

Wofullere, adj. more sorrowful, sadder, A 1340.

Wofulleste, adj. most woeful, T. iv. 516.

Wol, 1 pr. s. (I) will, A. pr. 29; A 42; B 41, 89; desire, E 646; Wole, 1 pr. s. am ready to, T. i. 589; Wolt, 2 pr. s. wilt, 1. 10; E 314; Woltow, wilt thou, A 1544, G 307, 464; dost thou wish, D 840; Wol, pr. s. will, 3. 559; B 60, 115; wills, desires, HF. 662; 1. 167; desires (to have), wishes for, T. ii. 396, iii. 311, 1262; desires (to), 20. 7; wishes (to go), will go, L. 1191; F 617; permits, H 28; Wole, will go, D 353; wol adoun, is about to set, I 72; Wol, 2 pr. pl. B 1641; Wol ye so, if you so wish it, E 2264; Wil ye, wish ye, F 378; Woln, pr. pl. will, wish (to have), A 2121, 2122; Wollen, pr. pl. will, B 2561; Wole, pr. pl. will, B 468; Wolde, 1 pt. s. desired, 6. 48; should like, B 1637, E 638; Woldest, 2 pt. s. wouldst, 3. 561; Woldestow, for Woldest thou, if thou wouldst, L. 760; wouldst thou, B 4536; Wolde, pt. s. would, A 144, 192, F 64; would like to, B 1182; wished, L. 952; required, F 577; would go, would turn, F 496; wished to, 4. 124; T. ii. 514; Wolde ... unto, would go to, B 3786; god wolde, oh! that God would grant, 3. 665; wolde god, oh! that God would be pleased, D 1103; Wolde whoso nolde, i.e. whoever would or would not (see note), T. i. 77; Wolde, pt. pl. would, B 144; wished, E 1144; Wolden, pt. pl. A 27; Wolde, 1 pt. s. subj. should wish, B 4477; Wolde, pt. s. subj. would, (I pray that he) would, T. iii. 1765; may (He) grant, D 1103; Wold, pp. desired, 18. 11; B 1. p 4. 108; willed, B 2190, 2615; wished, L. 1209 (see note).

Wolde, s. dat. possession, R. 451. A.S. geweald.

Wolf, s. wolf, B 4. p 3. 74; T. iv. 1374; L. 1798, 2318; A 513, H 184.

Wolle, s. wool, R. 238; L. 1791; A 3249, C 448, 910.

Woln, Woltow; see Wol.

Womanhede; see Wommanhede.

Womanly, adv. in a womanly way, 3. 850.

Wombe, s. belly, A 4290, B 3627, C 522, 533, D 1888; womb, E 2414; the depression in the front of an astrolabe, A. i. 3. 2.

Wombe-side, the front of the astrolabe, A. i. 6. 6, 15. 1.

Womman, s. woman, A 459; Wommen, pl. women, L. 484; A 213, 217; Women, women-servants, 3. 124; Wommennes, gen. pl. women's, B 4446.

Wommanhede, s. womanhood, B 851, E 239, 1075, G 1346; womanly feeling, A 1748; Womanhede, 6. 28; 7. 299.

Wommanliche, adj. womanly, T. iii. 106; Womanly, 2. 66.

Wommannisshe, adj. pl. womanish, T. iv. 694.

Wond; pt. s. of Winde.

Wonde, v. desist, L. 1187. A.S. wandian. See wandien in Stratmann.

Wonder, s. wonder, A 502, F 257; 2. 29; 3. 1.

Wonder, adj. wonderful, wondrous, strange, 3. 61; T. i. 419; HF. 2, 674, 1083; L. 291; A 2073, B 1045, 1882, 4268, C 891, F 248, 254, 1175, G 308.

Wonder, adv. wondrously, R. 242; 3. 344, 893, 896; 5. 241; A 1654, H 138, I 304; greatly, G 1035; very, L. 771, 1961; H 94.

Wonderful, adj. 3. 277.

Wonderinge, s. source of wonder, T. ii. 35; wonder, 22. 50. See Wondring.

Wonderly, adv. wondrously, A 84, B 2983; strangely, excessively loud, T. i. 729.

Wonder-most, adj. sup. most wonderful, HF. 2059.

Wonders, adv. wondrously, R. 27.

Wondre, ger. to wonder, B 1805; Wondren, v. F 1514; Wondren, pr. pl. F 258; Wondred, 1 pt. s. refl. HF. 1988; Wondreden, pt. pl. F 307; Wondred, pp. F 236; Wondreth, imp. pl. T. iii. 753, v. 162.

Wondring, s. wondering, amaze, F 305. A.S. wundrung. See Wonderinge.

Wone (wunə), s. custom, usage, wont, 22. 48; T. ii. 318; HF. 76; L. 714, 1744, 2131, 2449; A 335, 1040, 1064, B 1694. A.S. gewuna.

Wone, v. dwell, inhabit, T. v. 474; G 332; ger. G 38; Wonestow, 2 pr. s. dwellest thou, A 3486 n; Woneth, pr. s. dwells, lives, D 1573; G 311; Wonen, pr. pl. L. 1317; Woned, pt. s. 3. 889; D 2163; Woneden, pt. pl. dwelt, L. 712; A 2927; Woned, pp. dwelt, T. i. 276; B 4406, I 345; wont, accustomed, 3. 150; T. ii. 400, v. 277; L. 2353; E 339; Woning, pres. pt. dwelling, A 388. A.S. wunian. And see Wont.

Wones (wòònez), pl. places of retreat, hence, range of buildings, D 2105. See Woon.

Wonger s. pillow, B 2102. A.S. wangere, a pillow, rest for the cheek; from wang, a cheek; Goth. waggareis.

Woning (wuning), s. habitation, house, A 606; Woninge, abode, 1. 145. A.S. wunung.

Wonne, -n; see Winne.

Wont, pp. as adj. accustomed, wont, R. 576; B 4. p 4. 130; B 3614, 3894, C 233, E 844, F 44. For woned, pp.; see Wone, v.

Wood (wòòd), s. woad, 9. 17. A.S. wād.

Wood (wóód), adj. mad, R. 154, 263; 3. 104; 4. 123; 6. 90; HF. 202; A 184, 582, 636, 1329, 3394, 3436, B 1964, C 287, D 232, 1242, 1327, E 1536, G 450, 576, 869, 1377; mad with anger, D 313; for wood, as being mad, madly, furiously, HF. 1747; L. 2420; for pure wood, for very rage, R. 276; ten so wood, ten times as fierce, L. 736; Wode, def. adj. mad, T. ii. 1355; distracted, raving, B 1. p 5. 45; pl. HF. 1809. A.S. wōd.

Woode (wóódə), v.; Woodeth, pr. s. rages, B 4. p 4. 5; G 467; Wooden, pr. pl. rage, B 4. m 3. 34. A.S. wōdian.

Woodly, adv. madly, L. 1752; A 1301.

Woodnesse, s. madness, rage, B 4. m 2. 4; T. iii. 1382; A 2011, 3452, B 2671, C 496; Wodnesse, T. iii. 794.

Wook, pt. s. of Wake.

Woon (wòòn), s. resource, (see note), T. iv. 1181; plenty, abundance, R. 1673; L. 1652; number, L. 2161 (see note); retreat, secure place, HF. 1166; B 1991; of sorwe woon, abundance of sorrow, 3. 475; Wones, pl. places of retreat, range of buildings, D 2105. Icel. vān, hope, expectation; hence, plenty; also, retreat, asylum, place of shelter or security. The oo in this word is long, from original Indo-germanic ē; cf. Goth. wēns, expectation; see Sievers, § 68. We must keep the word distinct from M.E. wonien, to dwell, to which it is unrelated. It is wrongly entered in Stratmann under wune; and is wrongly placed in the Century Dict. under won. See the notes to L. 2161 and T. iv. 1181; and, in particular, Zupitza's note to Guy of Warwick, l. 10329; p. 444.

Woost, Woot; see Wite.

Wopen, pp. of Wepe.

Worcher, s. worker, maker, 4. 261.

Worcheth, pr. s. works, 3. 815. See Wirche.

Worching, s. working, influence, 5. 5.

Word, s. word, A 304; language, B 4. p 7. 17; good word, approval, T. v. 1081; w. by w., word by word, D 2244; 18. 81 (but see note); Worde, dat. word, 2. 12; saying, 3. 1311; Wordes, pl. 2. 56; at shorte wordes, briefly, in a word, T. ii. 956, iv. 1658; L. 2462; hadde the wordes, was spokesman (see note), I 67. A.S. word.

Word and ende (for Ord and ende), beginning and end, T. ii. 1495, iii. 702, v. 1669; B 3911 (see note).

Wordly, adj. worldly, B 2. p 5. 100 n.

World, s. world, 1. 2, 161; A 176; Worldes, gen. 5. 53.

Worldes, pl. worlds, T. iii. 1490 n.

Worldly, adj. worldly, A 292.

Worm, s. worm, R. 454; 5. 326; L. 318; E 880; snake, C 355; Wormes, pl. F 617.

Worm-foul, s. birds which eat worms, 5. 505.

Worse, adj. worse, 17. 18; T. iii. 1246; B 4476, E 675; as s. worse position, A 1348.

Worship, s. praise, honour, renown, dignity, 3. 774, 1032, 1230, 1263; 4. 22; A 1912, B 2675, F 571, 811; glory, 3. 630; Worshipe, dignity, B 2871; honour, 10. 22.

Worshipe, v. reverence, A 2251; ger. to respect, E 166.

Worshipful, adj. respected, B 3. p 4. 44; worthy of honour, R. 797; R 3488, E 401.

Worste, adj. sup. worst, B 1351, E 1218.

Worsted, s. worsted, A 262.

Wort, s. unfermented beer, wort, G 813.

Wortes, pl. herbs, B 4411, E 226.

Worth, adj. worth, A 182, 785; worthy, B 5. p 5. 26.

Worthen, v. be, dwell, T. v. 329; Worthe, ger. to become, 4. 248; Worth, pr. s. is, (or, as fut.) shall be; (hence) Wo worth, it is woe to, it shall be woe to, it is ill for, it shall be ill for, T. ii. 344, 345, 346, 347, iv. 747, 763; Wel worth of dremes ay thise olde wyves, it is well for these old wives as regards dreams, i.e. dreams are all very well for old women, T. v. 379; Wel worth [not worthe] of this thing grete clerkes, it is well for great writers as regards this thing, i.e. this thing is all very well for great writers, HF. 53; Worth upon, gets upon, B 1941; Worth up (Lat. ascende), climb up, B 2. p 2. 39; get up on, mount, T. ii. 1011. A.S. weorðan. [Note that worth in most of these passages is simply the present indicative, and does not express a wish; the M.E. form for expressing a wish is worthe, which, being dissyllabic, will not scan.]

Worthinesse, s. worth, 3. 1059; L. 2537; worthiness, F 738; bravery, A 50.

Worthy, adj. worthy, brave, B 2107; worthy, B 2705; distinguished, A 43, 47, 68; wealthy, respectable, A 217; just, fit, HF. 1669; worthy (of), 1. 23; better w., preferable, L. 317.

Wost, Wostow, Wot; see Wite.

Wouke, s. week, T. iv. 1278, v. 492; A 1539 n; Woukes, gen. T. v. 499.

Wounde, s. wound, 1. 79; 11. 5; 12. 7; plague (Lat. plaga), I 593; Wounde, gen. of the wound, HF. 374; Woundes, pl. B 62; Woundes of Egipte, pl. plagues of Egypt; (unlucky days so called), 3. 1207 (see note).

Wounde, ger. to wound, 5. 217; Woundeth, pr. s. wounds, 11. 3; Wounded, pp. 1. 151; 4. 8; L. 2409.

Woven, pp. B 1. p 3. 29. See Weve.

Wowe, ger. to woo, T. v. 1091; v. T. v. 791; Woweth, pr. s. wooes, A 3373, 3375, B 589; Wowed, pp. L. 1247.

Wowing, s. wooing, L. 1553.

Woxen, pp. of Wexe.

Wrak, s. wreck, B 513.

Wrak, pt. s. avenged, T. v. 1468; see Wreke.

Wrang, adv. wrongly, amiss (Northern), A 4252.

Wrappe, ger. to cover, C 736; wrap, envelop, E 583, F 636; Wrappen, pr. pl. wrap up, I 586; Wrapped, pp. F 507.

Wrastlen, v. wrestle, B 4. p 2. 131; B 3456; Wrastle, v. A 3928, I 729; Wrastleth, pr. s. A 2961.

Wrastling, s. wrestling, 5. 165; 13. 16; A 548, B 1930.

Wrathen, ger. to render angry, T. iii. 174; Wratthe, 1 pr. pl. (we) anger, I 110; Wrathed, pp. angered, I 132; Wratthed, made angry, 3. 1151.

Wratthe, s. anger, wrath, B 4. m 7. 38; B 2314, 2877; Wrathe, 3. 877; Wraththe, T. i. 940, v. 960; Wratthes, pl. anger, B 4. m 7. 37.

Wraw, adj. angry, H 46; Wrawe, peevish, fretful, I 677. See wrāh in Stratmann.

Wrawful, adj. fretful, I 677 n.

Wrawnesse, s. peevishness, fretfulness, I 680.

Wre, imp. s. cover, T. ii. 380 n. A.S. wrēon. See Wreen.

Wrecche, s. sorrowful creature, A 931; wretched man, T. i. 708; unhappy being, 3. 577; wretch, outcast, L. 2034; B 2793; 7. 339; Wrecches, pl. 7. 60.

Wrecche, adj. wretched, F 1020; Wrecches, pl. wretched, B 4. p 4. 15.

Wrecched, adj. miserable, 10. 1, 25; B 3146.

Wrecchednesse, s. misery, B 3212, 3540; mean act, F 1523; miserable matter, folly, I 34; miserable performance, F 1271; miserable fare, H 171.

Wreche, s. vengeance, 16. 30; T. v. 890, 896; L. 1892; B 679, 3403, 3793, 3805; punishment, T. ii. 784.

Wrechedly, adv. miserably, B 3772.

Wreek, imp. s. of Wreke.

Wreen, v. cover, clothe, R. 56; Wreigh, pt. s. covered, hid, T. iii. 1056; Wre, imp. s. T. ii. 380 n. A.S. wrēon.

Wreke (wrèkə), v. wreak, avenge, R. 1523; T. iii. 108, v. 960; C 857; ger. L. 395, 1901, 1939; A 961; Wreken, v. revenge, B 2210; ger. to avenge, T. i. 62; to wreak, B 3787; Wreke, pr. s. subj. avenge, L. 2340; Wreke, 2 pr. pl. F 454; Wrak, pt. s. T. v. 1468; Wreken, pp. revenged, F 784; Wreke, pp. avenged, D 809, 2211; Wroken, pp. T. i. 88, 207; Wreek, imp. s. B 3095. A.S. wrecan.

Wreker, s. avenger, 5. 361; B 4. m 7. 1, p 4. 141.

Wrekinge, s. avenging, B 4. m 7. 3.

Wrenches, s. pl. frauds, stratagems, tricks, G 1081. A.S. wrence, deceit, stratagem.

Wreste, v. constrain, force, T. iv. 1427.

Wrethe, s. wreath, crown, A 2145.

Wreye, v. bewray, reveal, A 3503, F 944; 2 pr. s. subj. betray, T. iii. 284. A.S. wrēgan.

Wrighte, v. workman, A 614; Wrightes, gen. carpenter's, A 3143.

Wringe, v. squeeze, force a way, HF. 2110; wring, HF. 299; wring the hands, E 1212; force out wet by pressure, B 1966; Wringeth, pr. s. wrings, hurts, E 1553; Wrong, pt. s. wrung, pinched, D 492; wrung, T. iii. 1531, iv. 1171 (or read Wronge, pp.); T. iv. 738; B 606. A.S. wringan.

Writ, s. scripture, A 739; writing, 17. 25.

Writ, -e, -en; see Wryte.

Wroght, -e; see Werche.

Wroken, pp. of Wreke.

Wrong, s.; had wrong, was wrong, 3. 1282. Cf. F. avoir tort.

Wrong, adv. wrong, astray, A 1267.

Wroot; pt. s. of Wryte.

Wrooth (wròòth), adj. wroth, angry, 3. 513, 519; 5. 504; T. iii. 1044; L. 667; A 451, B 2317, 2889, H 46, I 659; Wroth, 1. 52; Wrothe, def. severe, I 170; Wrothe, pl. angry, wroth, 7. 56; T. iv. 122; L. 1892; A 1840, E 437; at variance, at enmity, opposed, 3. 582; A 4398, D 1239. A.S. wrāð.

Wrot, pt. s. wrote, T. i. 655. See Wryte.

Wrote, v.; Wroteth, pr. s. tears with the snout, buries the snout, pokes about, I 157. A.S. wrōtian.

Wrothly, adv. wrathfully, B 1. p 1. 52.

Wrought, -e, -en; see Werche.

Wrye, ger. to hide, T. iii. 1569; to disguise, T. i. 329; v. cover, E 887; Wrye, 1 pr. s. cover, D 1827; Wryen, pr. pl. cover, T. ii. 539; Wryen, pp. covered, R. 912; Wrye, pp. covered, L. 1201; hidden, T. iii. 620; Wry, imp. s. cover up, L. 735; Wrye, imp. pl. refl. cover, hide yourself, T. ii. 380. M.E. wrīhen (Stratmann); see Wreen.

Wrye, v. reveal, discover, flood with light, 4. 91. Variant of Wreye, q. v. [It might be better to read wreye, and deye in l. 90.]

Wryen, v. turn aside, 3. 627; ger. to turn aside, H 262; Wrye, ger. to turn, go, T. ii. 906; Wryed, pt. s. bent, A 3283. A.S. wrigian.

Wryte, v. write, A 96, B 87; Wryteth, pr. s. B 77; Writ, pr. s. writeth, writes, T. i. 394; iv. 414; HF. 973, 1385; B 3516, 4313, D 709; Wryten, pr. pl. write, A 2814; Wroot, pt. s. 1. 59; L. 1354; B 725, 890, G 83; Wrōt, T. i. 655; Wrĭten, pt. pl. wrote, HF. 1504; T. v. 816; F 233; Wrĭte, 1 pt. s. subj. were to write, B 3843; Wrĭten, pp. written, 2. 43; A. ii. 44. 8; A 161, B 3177, E 761; Wrĭte, pp. 5. 19; doon ther write, caused to be described there, R. 413.

Wrythe, ger. to turn aside, T. iv. 9; Wrythen, ger. to wriggle out, T. iv. 986; Wrythen, v. be wrested away, be diverted, B 5. p 3. 15; Wrytheth, pr. s. writhes out, throws forth wreaths of smoke, (Lat. torquet), B 1. m 4. 7; Wryth (for Wrytheth), pr. s. writhes, wreathes, T. iii. 1231.

Wrything, s. turning, F 127.

Wryting, s. writing, 5. 158; A 326; mode of writing, T. v. 1794.

Wyd, adj. wide, A 491, B 3139; Wyde, def. B 3824; pl. 5. 154; A 28, 93, 557, B 62. A.S. wīd.

Wyde, adv. widely, far, T. i. 629; L. 1028; E 722; R. 1704.

Wyde-where, far and wide, everywhere, T. iii. 404; B 136.

Wyf, s. woman, 3. 1037; C 71, D 998; wife, 3. 1082; A 445, D 1055; mistress of a household, G 1015; Wyves, gen. wife's, B 1631, E 599; Wyve, dat.; to w., for wife, L. 1304; A 1860; Wyves, pl. women, wives, L. 484; A 234, B 59, 273, 3211, C 910.

Wyfhood, s. womanhood, B 76; wifehood, L. 545, 691, 2269; Wyfhod, womanhood, L. 253; wifehood, E 2190, F 1451.

Wyflees, adj. wifeless, E 1236, 1248.

Wyfly, adv. womanly, wife-like, L. 1737, 1843; E 429, 919, 1050, F 1453.

Wyke, s. week, T. ii. 430, 1273; A 1539, B 1461, F 1295; Wykes, pl. A 1850, D 1852. See Wouke.

Wyle, s. wile, plot, T. iii. 1077; guile, trickery, subtlety, 5. 215; T. i. 719, ii. 271; L. 1439; Wyles, pl. L. 2294.

Wyly, adj. wily, wary, B 3130, I 326.

Wyn, s. wine, T. v. 852; A 334, 1471, F 782; wyn ape, H 44 (see the note); Wynes, pl. B 3391, 3418.

Wynt, pr. s. turns, directs, L. 85; Wond, pt. s. wound, L. 2253. See Winde.

Wyntred, for Windred, R. 1018 n.

Wyped, pt. s. wiped, A 133.

Wyr, s. wire, T. iii. 1636; A. ii. 38. 5; bit, L. 1205.

Wys, adj. wise, prudent, A 68, 309, 1420, B 3130; (art) wise, T. i. 1052; Wyse, def. 6. 32; B 113, 117, 3705, D 1125, 1231, F 787; to make it wys, to make it a subject for deliberation, to hesitate, A 785; Wyse, pl. A 313, 569, B 128, D 1027; discreet, D 229. A.S. wīs.

Wyse, adj. as s., wise man, sage, T. i. 79; pl. wise men, wise people, 17. 20; G 1067.

Wyse, s. way, manner, 1. 34; 3. 301, 1097; 9. 64; HF. 1114; L. 20; A 1338, 1740, B 153, 2131, 3704, E 673; Wyses, pl. T. i. 159. A.S. wīse.

Wyser, adj. wiser, one wiser than you, L. 2634 (see note).

Wysest, adj. wisest, B 3345.

Wysly, adv. wisely, T. i. 956.

Wyte, s. blame, reproach, 7. 268; T. ii. 1648, iii. 739; G 953; yow to wyte, for a blame to you, i.e. laid to your charge, R. 1541. A.S. wīte.

Wyte, ger. to blame, T. i. 825 (understand is before nought); T. ii. 385, 1279, iii. 63; D 806; Wyte, v. blame, reproach, 7. 110; T. v. 1335; B 3636; Wyten, v. accuse, I 1016; Wyte, 1 pr. s. 4. 270; B 3860; Wytest, 2 pr. s. blamest, B 108; Wyte, imp. s. blame, E 2177; blame (for), impute (to), T. ii. 1000; Wyte, imp. pl. blame (for it), A 3140. A.S. wītan.

Wyve, ger. to wive, marry, E 140; v. E. 173.

Wyve, Wyves; see Wyf.

Y-, a prefix used especially with the pp., like the A.S. ge- and G. ge-. See below. (It also occurs in the infinitive, as in y-finde, y-here, y-knowe, y-see, y-thee. It also occurs in the adjective y-sene. For further information, see under the forms of the infinitive mood; e. g. for the infin. of y-bake, see Bake.)

Yaf; pt. s. of Yeve.

Yald; pt. s. of Yelden.

Yare, adj. ready, L. 2270. A.S. gearo.

Yate, s. gate, T. ii. 617, iii. 469, 1725, v. 32; E 1013; Yates, pl. T. v. 603, 1177, 1178; gen. pl. HF. 1301.

Yave; see Yeve.

Y-bake, pp. baked, L. 709.

Y-banisht, pp. banished, L. 1863.

Y-barred, pp. barred, R. 480.

Y-bathed, pp. bathed, T. iv. 815.

Y-bedded, pp. put to bed, T. v. 346.

Y-been, pp. been, B 4487; Y-ben, B 5. p 6. 63; Y-be, HF. 411, 1733; L. 6, 289, 2443.

Y-benched, pp. furnished with benches, L. 98 a. See Benched.

Y-beten, pp. beaten, T. i. 741; F 414; Y-bète, pp. T. ii. 940, 1229, iii. 1169; HF. 1041; A 3759, 4313; beaten, forged, A 2162; formed in beaten gold, A 979; struck, coined, L. 1122 (see note); Y-bet (for y-bete, before a vowel), D 1285.

Y-blamed, pp. chidden, rated; B 1. p 1. 52.

Y-blent, pp. blinded, R. 1610; A 3808; deceived, 3. 647.

Y-blessed, pp. blessed, B 4638, D 44 n, H 99.

Y-bleynt, pp. blenched, turned aside, A 3753. From blenche.

Y-blowe, pp. blown, T. i. 384, 530; HF. 1664; L. 1475; bruited by fame, rumoured, HF. 1139; T. iv. 167.

Y-boren, pp. born, C 704, E 626; Y-bore, born, E 158, 310, 484; borne, carried, T. v. 1650; HF. 590; A 378; moved, F 326; Y-born, pp. born, T. ii. 298; A 1019, E 72; carried, A 2694, F 340; (probably) born, T. i. 382. See Bere.

Y-bought, pp. bought, T. i. 810, iii. 1319.

Y-bounden, pp. bound, 5. 268; A 1149; Y-bounde, A 4070, B 1866, E 1285, G 347.

Y-bowed, pp. diverted, B 4. p 6. 112.

Y-brend, pp. burnt, T. iv. 77, v. 309; G 318; Y-brent, HF. 940; A 946.

Y-broght, pp. brought, L. 938, 1194; A 1111, B 2594, D 1084; Y-brought, T. v. 11.

Y-broken, pp. broken, HF. 765; Y-broke, 5. 282; HF. 770.

Y-brouded, pp. embroidered, L. 159 a. Cf. A.S. brogden, pp. of bregdan.

Y-brydled, pp. bridled, L. 1114.

Y-buried, pp. buried, A 946.

Y-called, pp. called, D 1123.

Y-caried, pp. carried, B 3240, C 791.

Y-cast, pp. cast, thrown, G 939. See Caste.

Y-caught, pp. entangled, enmeshed, B 4. m 2. 9; fixed, 3. 838.

Y-chaped, pp. furnished with chapes or metal caps (which were placed at the end of the sheath), A 366.

Y-cheyned, pp. chained, 17. 14.

Y-clad, pp. clad, clothed, R. 890; A 3320, G 133; Y-cled, R. 472.

Y-clawed, pp. clawed, torn, D 1731.

Y-clenched, pp. clinched, riveted, A 1991.

Y-cleped, pp. called, R. 167, A. ii. 39. 3; A 410, 867, G 129, H 2; invoked, B 1. m 1. 14; T. iv. 504; summoned, B 2435; named, A 3313; Y-clept, called, A 376, G 772.

Y-closed, pp. closed, T. ii. 968.

Y-clothed, pp. clothed, clad, R. 1238; L. 226; A 1048.

Y-comen, pp. come, HF. 1074; A 3942, B 1687; Y-come, pp. A 77, B 755; 7. 25; T. v. 71; ycome aboute, come about, passed, B 3364.

Y-continued, pp. continuous, B 5. m 5. 3.

Y-córouned, pp. crowned, L. 219; Y-córoned, L. 532.

Y-corumped, pp. corrupted, B 5. p 2. 17.

Y-corven, pp. cut, G 533; Y-corve, A 2013. See Kerve.

Y-coupled, pp. coupled, wedded, E 1219.

Y-covered, pp. covered, A 3212, G 764.

Y-coyned, pp. coined, C 770.

Y-crammed, pp. crammed, C 348.

Y-crased, pp. cracked, broken, 3. 324.

Y-cristned, pp. baptized, B 240.

Y-crowe, pp. crowed, A 3357.

Y-dampned, pp. condemned, L. 2030.

Y-darted, pp. pierced with a dart, T. iv. 240.

Ydel, adj. idle, empty, vain, 2. 27; 3. 4; B 2. p 7. 81; B 2778, E 217, I 166; in ydel, in vain, B 2494, F 867, H 147; B 5. p 3. 109; on y., in vain, T. i. 955, v. 94.

Ydelly, adv. idly, C 446.

Ydelnesse, s. Idleness (personified), R. 593; A 1940; idleness, 3. 602, 798, B 2778.

Y-dight, pp. decked, A 3205.

Y-dimmed, pp. dimmed, B 2. m 3. 2.

Ydolastre, s. idolater, B 3377, E 2208, I 749, 751, 860.

Ydole, s. idol, 3. 626; Ydoles, pl. L. 786; G 269, 285, 298.

Y-doon, pp. done, T. ii. 789, iii. 386; B 4610; over, E 1894; Y-don, pp. done, A 1025; taken, A 2676; Y-do, pp. done, stilled, A 2534; over, D 574; finished, 3. 1236; 5. 542; G 739, 850, 866, 899.

Y-drad, pp. dreaded, T. iii. 1775; feared, B 2. m 1. 6.

Y-drawe, pp. drawn, 7. 70; L. 1785; A 396, 944, F 326; dragged, A 2642; taken, G 1440.

Y-dressed, pp. dressed, arranged, set, E 381.

Y-driven, pp. driven, L. 2430; A 2007.

Y-dronke, pp. drunk, B 2601.

Y-dropped, pp. bedropped, covered with drops, A 2884.

Ye, pron. pl. nom. ye, A 769, 772; Ye, unaccented form of You, T. i. 5; (for thou, sing.), T. iii. 15, 18 (i.e. Venus, glossed dea amoris); as ye, as you do, D 1088; save only ye, you only except, E 508; Yow, dat. to you, 3. 1321; A 34, 38, 720, B 124; for yourselves, 4. 17; acc. you, B 16, 37; Yow, pl. yourselves, B 2189. A.S. ge, nom.; dat. acc. ēow.

Yë, s. eye, R. 296; T. i. 453, ii. 904; 3. 184; 4. 39; HF. 291; A 10, 1096, B 280, E 37, F 194, 1036; at yë, at eye, to sight, evidently, G 964, 1059; Saugh with yë, perceived, A 3415; Yën, pl. eyne, eyes, 2. 18; 4. 111; 11. 1; L. 859; B 3260, 3392, 3620, E 669, G 190, 498, 504, 1418. A.S. ēage. (Frequently spelt eye, except at the end of a line, where the rime requires the form yë).

Ye, adv. yea, verily, 5. 52; T. i. 534; B 417, 1900, E 355, G 471, 599, 1061; ye or nay, G 212.

Yeddinges, pl. songs, A 237. From A.S. giddian, to sing.

Yede, pt. s. walked, went, R. 1033; G 1141, 1281; Yeden, pt. pl. T. ii. 936. A.S. ēode.

Yee; for yee or nay, affirmatively or negatively, 5. 497. See Ye.

Yeer, s. year. A 347, F 44, 524; Yere (in phr. many a yere), B 132; Yeres ende, year's end, D 916; Yere, dat. 5. 23; A. ii. 44. 2; Yeer by yere, year after year, 5. 236, B 1688, E 402; Fro yeer to yere, 5. 321, 411; Yeer, (archaic) pl. A 82, 601, B 499, 1628, C 30, E 610, G 720, 978; R. 1283; L. 2075, 2120; Yere (for Yeer), 3. 37; Yeres, (new) pl. B 463, F 1062, 1275, I 135; 2. 8; gen. pl. 5. 67.

Yef, imp. s. give, T. v. 308. See Yeve.

Yeftes, pl. gifts, T. iv. 392. See Yift.

Yelden, ger. to yield up, D 912; to yield to, pay, D 1811; v. yield, E 843; Yelde, v. pay, D 130, E 1452; Yeldeth, pr. s. yields, L. 886; pays, I 370; Yelt, pr. s. yields, T. i. 385; Yelde, pr. s. subj. requite, T. i. 1055; D 1772, 2177; Yald, pt. s. afforded, B 4. m 7. 16; Yeld, imp. s. restore, C 189; Yeldeth, imp. pl. repay, B 2482; Yeldeth, imp. pl. refl. yield yourself up, T. iii. 1208; Yolden, pp. yielded, T. i. 801; submissive, T. iii. 96; dealt out, B 1. p 5. 44; given up, R. 429; Yolde, pp. yielded up, T. iii. 1211; Yeldinge, pres. pt. giving, B 2994; Yelding, yielding, L. 149. A.S. gildan. See Yilden.

Yeldhalle, s. guild-hall, A 370.

Yelding, s. produce, lit. 'yielding,' A 596.

Yelleden, pt. pl. yelled, B 4579.

Yelownesse, s. yellowness, 19. 11.

Yelpe, ger. to boast, A 2238; pr. pl. prate, T. iii. 307. A.S. gilpan.

Yelwe, adj. yellow, R. 310, A 1929, B 4092; Yelw, 3. 857; Yelow, L. 1672; A 675, 1049; Yelowe, R. 549.

Yeman, s. yeoman, A 101, D 1380, 1387, G 562, 587; Yemen, pl. A 2509.

Yemanly, adv. in a yeomanlike manner, A 106.

Yemanrye, s. yeomanry, A 3949 n.

Yen = Yën, pl. eyes; see Yë.

Y-ended, pp. ended, R. 1315.

Yerd, s. yard, garden, R. 492, 1582; B 4037, D 1798, F 1251; Yerde, dat. R. 634, 1348, 1461. A.S. geard.

Yerde, s. rod, stick, T. i. 257, 740, ii. 154, iii. 137; B 1287; switch, T. ii. 1427, iii. 1067; A 149; rod, 'caduceus,' A 1387; sapling, B 3. m 2. 22; yard (in length), A 1050; correction, 5. 640; E 22; Yerdes, pl. rods, I 1055. A.S. gerd, gyrd.

Yere, -s; see Yeer.

Yerne, adj. eager, brisk, lively, A 3257. A.S. georn.

Yerne, adv. eagerly, soon, T. iii. 376; D 993; briskly, quickly, glibly, 5. 3; C 398; with interest, 5. 21; as y., very soon, HF. 910; T. iii. 151, iv. 112, 201.

Yerne, ger. to yearn for, to be longed for, T. iv. 198; v. desire, T. iii. 152; yearn, 3. 1092. A.S. gyrnan.

Yerne, error for Erme, 3. 80 n.

Yesterday, T. ii. 191; Yisterday, R. 1040; B 5. p 6. 17.

Yesternight, T. v. 221.

Yet, yet, nevertheless, A 255; moreover, A 612, G 622; as yet, A 291; Yet now, just now, A 1156. See Yit.

Yeten (yéétən), v. pour, shed, B 1. m 7. 1. A.S. gēotan.

Yeve, v. give, 5. 308; L. 20; A 232, E 1034, G 390; Yeven, v. A 487, B 3853, D 1353; ger. A 234; Yeve, ger. A 223; for giving, C 402, G 990; Yevest, 2 pr. s. givest, F 1033; Yeveth, pr. s. E 93; Yeve, pr. s. subj. may (he) give, E 30, F 679, H 15; Yaf, 1 pt. s. gave, E 861, F 533; Yave, 2 pt. s. gavest, B 2. p 3. 43; Yaf (for Yave, before a vowel), gavest, B 3641; Yaf, pt. s. gave, 7. 239; A 252 b, B 939, 975, C 163, 490, 887, D 74; cared, A 177; Yaven, pt. pl. G 415; Yave, pt. pl. 9. 4; T. iv. 133; Yave, pt. s. subj. were to give, T. ii. 977; Yeven, pt. pl. subj. would give, HF. 1708; Yeven, pp. given, A 1086, B 333, 444, D 204, 212, E 758; devoted, 7. 111; Yeve, imp. s. G 1193. A.S. giefan, gifan. See Yive.

Yeveres, pl. givers, I 791.

Yeving, s. giving, 18. 37; what one gives, 4. 230; Yevinge, bounty, 7. 44; wyn-yeving, the giving of wine, C 587.

Yexeth, pr. s. hiccoughs, A 4151. A.S. giscian.

Y-fallen, pp. fallen, R. 1214; B 3166; Y-falle, pp. fallen, 2. 61; 3. 384; T. iii. 859; A 25, C 938, G 61; Yfallen, happened, G 1043; having befallen, C 496.

Y-fare, pp. gone, T. iii. 577, iv. 1169; L. 2271.

Y-felawshiped, pp. made companions, B 2. p 6. 58.

Y-fere, together, R. 786; T. ii. 152, iv. 1204, 1206; L. 263, 903, 1643, 1828; B 394, E 1113, G 380. Cf. Infere.

Y-fet, pp. fetched, F 174, G 1116.

Y-fetered, pp. fettered, A 1229.

Y-fethered, pp. feathered, R. 951.

Y-feyned, pp. feigned, invented, L. 327 a; feigned (to be done), evaded, E 529.

Y-ficched, pp. fixed, B 4. p 6. 79.

Y-finde, v. find, L. 856, A 415, F 470; Y-founde, pp. L. 1668; A 1211, 3514, B 1152, 4372.

Y-flatered, pp. flattered, D 930, 1970.

Y-flit, pp. moved, whirled along, B 1. m 2. 9. See note.

Y-folowed, pp. followed, 3. 390.

Y-forged, pp. made, A 3256.

Y-formed, pp. formed, made, T. iv. 315; formed, L. 975; C 10; created, HF. 490.

Y-fostred, pp. fostered, sustained, E 213, F 874; brought up, A 3946.

Y-founde, pp. found, 3. 378; L. 1668; A 1211, 3514, B 1152, 4372. See Y-finde.

Y-founded, pp. founded, set on a foundation, 5. 231; based, 3. 922.

Y-freten, pp. eaten, devoured, L. 1951.

Y-frounced, adj. wrinkled, R. 155.

Y-fyned, adj. refined, delicately formed, R. 1696.

Y-fyred, pp. fired, L. 1013.

Y-gerdoned, pp. rewarded, B 5. p 3. 115.

Y-geten, pp. gotten, obtained, procured, A 3564, B 2743.

Y-glased, pp. glazed, 3. 323.

Y-glewed, pp. glued, fixed tight, F 182.

Y-glosed, pp. flattered, H 34.

Y-goon, pp. gone, L. 2206, 2213; F 293, 538; Y-gon, L. 1243; D 47; Y-go, pp. gone, resorted, A 286; gone, L. 1193, 1481; HF. 802; B 599.

Y-graunted, pp. granted, C 388.

Y-grave, pp. dug up, cut, L. 204; dug out, 3. 164; engraved, graven, HF. 1136; A 3796; buried, D 496.

Y-greved, pp. grieved, harmed, A 4181.

Y-grounde, pp. ground, T. iv. 43; A 3991; sharpened, whetted, pointed, A 2549, B 2073.

Y-grounded, pp. grounded, 3. 921.

Y-growen, pp. grown, A 3973.

Y-halwed, pp. hallowed, consecrated, L. 1871.

Y-harded, pp. hardened, B 4. m 5. 19; F 245.

Y-hated, pp. hated, HF. 200.

Y-hent, pp. seized, caught, C 868, G 536. A.S. hentan, to seize.

Y-herd, pp. as adj. covered with hair, A 3738.

Y-here, v.. hear, T. iv. 1313; A 3176, E 2154; Y-herd, pp. 3. 307.

Y-heried, pp. praised, T. ii. 973, iii. 7, 1804.

Y-hevied, pp. weighed down, B 5. m 5. 17.

Y-hid, pp. hid, G 317.

Y-hight, pp. called, T. v. 541.

Y-holde, pp. esteemed to be, A 2374; held, celebrated, A 2958; considered, C 602; indebted, L. 1954; kept, continued, E 1932; held, restrained, HF. 1286.

Y-hurt, pp. hurt, A 2709.

Y-iaped (i-jaaped), pp. jested, T. i. 318.

Yif, conj. if, L. 2059, 2312; A. pr. 78; If, G 322. A.S. gif.

Yif, imp. s. give; see Yive.

Yift, s. gift, 3. 247, 695, 1270; L. 451; Yifte, D 39, 2146, E 1311, G 275; Yiftes, pl. L. 1551, 2304; A 2198, C 148, 295. (Both forms, yift and yifte, clearly occur.) See Yeftes.

Yilden, ger. to repay, B 5. p 1. 9; Yildeth, pr. s. yields, produces, B 4. m 6. 20; B 5. m 4. 18; Yilden, pr. pl. pay, B 3. p 4. 37; Yilde, imp. s. offer, B 5. p 6. 217. See Yelden.

Y-ioigned (i-joinyed), pp. joined, B 2. p 6. 59.

Yis, yes, L. 517; 3. 526; HF. 706; T. iii. 589; B 4006, F 1367; yes, they do, D 1685; (in answer to a negative question), 3. 1309.

Yisterday, yesterday, R. 1040; B 5. p 6. 17; Yesterday, T. ii. 191.

Yit, yet, L. 4, 106; F 1577; still, nevertheless, 1. 44, 46; 5. 165, 166; B 634; hitherto, A. pr. 20; as yit, now, E 120. See Yet.

Yive, ger. to give, L. 2071; A 225; v. 3. 242; pr. pl. 3. 695; Yiveth, pr. s. gives, 18. 38; pr. s. subj. may (he) give, 3. 683; Yiven, pp. given, granted, 3. 765; L. 501; A 915, C 779; Yive, pp. D 401, 1721; Yif, imp. s. give, B 462, 562, C 238, D 1963, G 65; T. i. 1042. See Yeve.

Yiver, s. giver, L. 2228.

Y-kempt, pp. combed, A 4369.

Y-kept, pp. kept, L. 722.

Y-kist, pp. kissed, T. iv. 1689.

Y-kneled, pp. kneeled, L. 1232.

Y-knet, pp. knotted, tightly bound, T. iii. 1734; Y-knit, joined, 6. 32.

Y-knowe, v. know, F 887; recognize, HF. 1336; discern, D 1370; pp. known, 3. 392; 7. 96; T. ii. 175; A 423, B 314, 2495, F 256.

Y-korven, pp. cut, B 1801. See Kerve.

Y-koud, pp. been able to know, known well, 3. 666.

Y-lad, pp. led, B 2. p 3. 36; carried (in a cart), A 530. See Y-led.

Y-laft, pp. left, 3. 792; A 2746, 3862; left behind, F 1128.

Y-laid, pp. laid, L. 2141. See Y-leyd.

Y-lain, pp. lain, remained, L. 2410.

Yle, s. isle, island, 22. 13; HF. 416,440; L. 2163; B 68, 545; region, province, L. 1425.

Y-led, pp. guided, conducted, B 5. p 3. 123. See Y-lad.

Ylent, pp. lent, G 1406.

Y-lered, pp. educated, T. i. 976.

Y-let, pp. hindered, obstructed, B 5. p 4. 21.

Y-leten, pp. left, allowed, B 4. p 4. 205.

Y-leyd, pp. laid, A 3568, B 1442, 3328; Y-laid, L. 2141.

Y-liche, adj. alike, similar, 3. 1294; HF. 1328; L. 389. See Y-lyk.

Y-liche, adv. alike, equally, 3. 9, 803, 1288, A 2526, D 2215, F 20, G 1202.

Y-lissed, pp. eased, T. i. 1089.

Y-lived, pp. lived, T. v. 933.

Y-logged, pp. lodged, B 4181.

Y-loren, pp. lost, L. 26; Y-lorn, pp. lost, B 2. p 8. 32; B 4. m 7. 13; T. iv. 1250. A.S. geloren, pp. of lēosan.

Y-lost, pp. lost, HF. 183; B 1207, G 722.

Y-loved, pp. loved, T. i. 594; L. 2115.

Y-lyk, adj. like, A 592; alike, A 2734; Y-lyke, like, A 1539. See Y-liche.

Y-lyke, adv. alike, equally, L. 55, 731; A. ii. 15. i; T. iii. 485; E 602, 754; Ylike, A. ii. 26. 13. See Y-liche.

Y-lymed, pp. caught (as birds with bird-lime), D 934.

Y-maad, pp. made, caused, HF. 691; B 693, F 218, G 868, 1149; composed, L. 550; Y-mad, HF. 120. See Y-maked.

Ymagéries, pl. carved work, HF. 1190, 1304.

Ymagined, pp. considered, intentional, I 448.

Y-maked, pp. made, L. 122, 222; A 2065, 2855, C 545.

Y-marked, pp. set down, marked out, planned, HF. 1103.

Y-masked, pp. enmeshed, T. iii. 1734.

Y-medled, pp. mingled, B 5. m 1. 10; T. iii. 815; confounded, B 1. m 6. 14.

Y-mel, prep. among (Northern), A 4171. Icel. ī milli; Dan. imellem.

Y-ment, pp. intended, HF. 1742.

Y-met, pp. met, 3. 596; T. ii. 586; A 2624; Y-mette, as pl. adj. met, B 1115.

Y-meynd, pp. mixed, mingled, A 2170. From infin. mengen.

Y-moeved, pp. moved, B 4. m 6. 5.

Ympne, s. lyric poem (lit. hymn), L. 422.

Y-mused, pp. mused, reflected, HF. 1287.

Y-nempned, pp. named, I 598.

Y-nogh, adj. enough, sufficient, 3. 965; L. 1284; A 373, 3149; Y-now, 5. 185; G 1018; Y-nowe, pl. 5. 233; T. iv. 107; A 3178, B 255, D 1681, F 470.

Y-nogh, adv. enough, sufficiently, 6. 13; 18. 65; B 2544, 3235, E 365, 1214; Y-nough, R. 247; A 888, B 3958; Ynow, F 708, G 864, 945.

Y-nome, pp. caught, overcome, T. i. 242; taken, 5. 38; L. 2343.

Y-norisshed, pp. educated, T. v. 821; Y-norissed, educated, A 3948; nurtured, B 2701.

Y-offred, pp. offered, dedicated, L. 932.

Yok, s. yoke, B 3. p 12. 74; E 113, 1285.

Yolde, -n; see Yelden.

Yolle, pr. pl. cry aloud, A 2672; Yolleden, pt. pl. yelled, B 4579 n.

Yomanrye, s. yeomanry, A 3949.

Yon, adj. yon, A 4178.

Yond, adv. yonder, 4. 7; T. iv. 1023, v. 565, 573, 612; HF. 889; L. 143 a; A 1099, D 1798, E 1199.

Yonder, adj. T. v. 575, 580, 610; A 1119.

Yonder, adv. T. ii. 1146, iii. 663, v. 568, 571; HF. 1070.

Yong, adj. young, A 79, D 1251, F 933; Yonge, def. A 7, B 1834, E 777, F 54, 385; voc. B 1874; Yonge, pl. 5. 278, A 213, 664, 1011, D 1259.

Yonghede, s. dat. youth, R. 351.

Yore, adv. formerly, of old, T. v. 55; B 174, 272, C 69, E 1140; for a long time, a long while, A 1813, E 68, F 403; long ago, long, 1. 150; 2. 1, 93; 5. 476; yore agon, long ago, 5. 17; yore ago, A 3437; ful y., very long ago, 7. 243, 346; of tyme y., of old time, F 963.

Youling, s. loud lamentation, A 1278. See Yolle.

Your, your, A 770; Youre, yours, T. ii. 587; L. 683; G 1248; Youre, pl. your, T. iii. 667, L. 901.

Youres, yours, 2. 113; 3. 1232; T. i. 422; C 672, 785, D 1914, F 597.

Yourselven, pron. yourself, F 242.

Youthe, s. youth, R. 1282; 3. 797; A 461, 2379, E 120, 1738, F 675; Yowthe, B 163.

Yow, dat. and acc. of Ye.

Yow-ward, to, towards you, B 5. P 6. 99.

Yoxeth, for Yexeth, A 4151 n.

Y-painted, pp. painted, R. 892.

Y-passed, pp. passed, R. 380; past, E 1892.

Y-payed, pp. paid, A 1802, B 1588, F 1618.

Y-piked, pp. picked over, G 941.

Y-plesed, pp. pleased, D 930.

Y-pleyned, pp. complained, T. iv. 1688.

Y-pleynted, pp. full of complaint, T. v. 1597.

Y-plounged, pp. plunged, sunk, B 3. p 11. 83.

Y-plyted, pp. pleated, gathered, B 1. p 2. 19.

Ypocras, Hippocrates; hence a kind of cordial, C 306; see the note. See Ipocras.

Ypocryte, s. hypocrite, F 514, 520; Ipocrite, R. 414, I 394.

Y-portreyd, pp. covered with pictures, R. 897.

Y-porveyed, pp. foreseen, B 5. p 3. 29; Y-purveyed, B 5. p 3. 57.

Y-prayed, pp. bidden, asked to come, invited, E 269.

Y-preised, pp. praised, HF. 1577; Y-preysed, renowned, T. v. 1473; appraised, B 5. p 3. 138.

Y-preved, pp. proved (to be), A 485.

Y-pulled, pp. plucked, i.e. with superfluous hairs plucked out, A 3245.

Y-punisshed, pp. punished, A 657.

Y-purveyed, pp. foreseen, B 5. p 3. 57; Y-porveyed, B 5. p 3. 29.

Y-put, pp. put, T. iii. 275; L. 1613; D 1333, G 762.

Y-queynt, pp. quenched, A 3754.

Y-quiked, pp. excited, kindled, I 536.

Y-quit, pp. quit, acquitted, F 673.

Y-raft, pp. bereft, snatched away, A 2015; reft, robbed, L. 1572.

Yre, s. ire, anger, vexation, 1. 30; 4. 132; 5. 11; 7. 50; L. 324 a. See Ire.

Y-red, pp. read, T. iv. 799.

Y-reke, pp. raked together, A 3882. See note.

Y-rekened, pp. accounted, D 367; taken into account, F 427.

Yren, s. iron, R. 1184; A 1076, G 827; iron (of the ax), D 906.

Yren, adj. iron, G 759.

Y-rent, pp. torn, taken, T. v. 1654; torn, B 844.

Y-ronge, pp. rung, told loudly, HF. 1655.

Y-ronne, pp. run, T. ii. 907; A 8, 3893, 4090, E 214; continued, L. 1943; run together, A 2693; run together, interlaced, R. 1396; clustered, A 2165.

Y-rouned, pp. whispered, HF. 2107.

Y-satled, pp. settled, E 2405.

Y-sayd, pp. said, 3. 270.

Y-scalded, pp. scalded, A 2020.

Y-schette, pp. as adj. pl. shut, B 560. See Y-shette.

Yse, s. ice, HF. 1130.

Y-see, v. behold, T. ii. 354; see, 1. 53; 3. 205, 485; HF. 804; L. 15, 825, 2203; E. 2402; Y-see, imp. s. see, look, T. ii. 1253; Y-seyn pp. seen, L. 2076; T. v. 448; Yseye, pp. T. ii. 168; HF. 1367.

Y-sene, adj. visible, T. i. 700; L. 2655; A 592, F 996; manifest, T. iv. 1607; L. 1394. A.S. gesēne, gesȳne. (It rimes with long close e in Troilus and in the Legend, but with long open e in the Cant. Tales.)

Y-sent, pp. sent, 7. 113; HF. 984; L. 1124; B 1041.

Y-served, pp. served, T. v. 437, 1721; HF. 678; A 963.

Y-set, pp. set, R. 900, 1419; A 4337, E 409; placed, 5. 149; set down, F 173; seated, C 392; appointed, A 1635; L. 1637; planted, R. 604.

Y-seye, pp. seen, HF. 1367; T. ii. 168; Y-seyn, T. v. 448. See Y-see.

Y-seyled, pp. sailed, B 4289.

Y-shad, pp. shed, spread abroad, B 4. p 5. 9; shed, B 2. m 5. 17; scattered (Lat. sparsas), B 3. m 2. 20.

Y-shaken, pp. quivering, sparkling, B 1. m 3. 11.

Y-shamed, pp. put to shame, HF. 356.

Y-shapen, (strong) pp. shaped, prepared, B 3420; provided, A 4179; contrived, G 1080; Y-shape, formed, H 43; shaped, T. iii. 411; Y-shaped, (weak) pp. prepared, T. iii. 1240.

Y-shave, pp. shaven, A 690, B 1499, 3261.

Y-shent, pp. put to shame, severely blamed, D 1312.

Y-shette, pp. pl. shut, T. iii. 233; B 2159; Y-schette, B 560.

Y-shewed, pp. shown, T. v. 1251; made manifest, 4. 181.

Y-shore, pp. shorn, T. iv. 996; Y-shorn, A 589.

Y-shove, pp. borne about, L. 726.

Y-shriven, pp. shriven, C 380; Y-shrive, A 226.

Y-slayn, pp. slain, HF. 159; A 2708, B 605, 848, C 673; Y-slain, L. 2192; Y-slawe, B 484, C 856.

Y-smite, pp. smitten, wounded, B 3. m 7. 4.

Y-songe, pp. sung, T. iv. 799; HF. 1397; D 1726; Y-songen, L. 270.

Y-sought, pp. sought, T. iii. 1317.

Y-sounded, pp. sunk, T. ii. 535. Cf. A.S. sund-līne, a sounding-line.

Y-sowen, pp. sown, HF. 1488; Y-sowe, D 71.

Y-sped, pp. advanced, B 5. p 1. 2; sped, A 4220; worked out, B 5. p 4. 6.

Y-spended, pp. spent (but see the note), B 5. p 4. 15.

Y-sprad, pp. spread, B 1644; Y-spred, A 4140.

Y-spreynd, pp. sprinkled, A 2169. From infin. sprengen.

Y-spronge, pp. sprung, shot out, R. 718; divulged, HF. 2081.

Y-stalled, pp. set in a seat, installed, HF. 1364.

Y-stiked, pp. stuck, A 1565; stabbed, F 1476.

Y-stint, pp. stopped, D 390.

Y-stonde, pp. stood, been, T. v. 1612.

Y-stonge, pp. stung, C 355.

Y-storve, pp. dead, A 2014.

Y-strawed, pp. strewn, bestrewn, 3. 629.

Y-strike, pp. struck, 11. 34.

Y-suffred, pp. suffered, T. v. 415.

Y-sweped, pp. swept, G 938; Y-swoped, G 938 n.

Y-sworn, pp. sworn, A 1132, F 1038; T. ii. 570; L. 368 a; sworn (to do it), T. v. 283; Y-swore, L. 1285; F 325.

Y-swowned, pp. swowned, L. 1342,

Y-take, pp. caught, T. iii. 1198; B 3514, E 2268; taken, L. 617, 963, 1142, 1764, 2137; A 3353, B 348, 556.

Y-taught, taught, pp. 10. 12; A 127, 756, B 1699, G 267.

Y-thanked, pp. thanked, D 2118. See Y-thonked.

Y-thee, v. thrive, T. iv. 439.

Y-thewed, pp. disposed; wel y-thewed, well-conducted, 5. 47; R. 1008 (see the F. text); B 4. p 6. 164.

Y-thonked, pp. thanked, T. iv. 2; D 5 n; Y-thanked, D 2118.

Y-throngen, pp. confined, B 2. P 7. 32.

Y-throwe, pp. thrown, T. iv. 6; G 940; cast out, 2. 89.

Y-told, pp. told, A 3109, F 357, G 627, I 31; L. 1592.

Y-torned, pp. turned, B 4. m 5. 1.

Y-travailed, pp. laboured, with difficulty, B 5. p 3. 30.

Y-trespassed, pp. sinned, B 2609.

Y-tressed, pp. plaited in tresses, T. v. 810.

Y-treted, pp. treated of, handled, discussed, B 4. p 1. 45; p 5. 8.

Y-tukked, pp. tucked up, L. 982; D 1737.

Y-turned, pp. turned, 3. 446; A 1238, 2062.

Y-twinned, pp. parted, T. iv. 788.

Yve, B 4156; see Erbe.

Yvel, adj. ill, evil, T. ii. 1001; C 408, I 92.

Yvel, adv. ill, R. 213, 1067; D 1282, E 460, 965, G 921; Yvele, A 1127.

Yveles, s. pl. evils, B 2618.

Yvory, s. ivory, B 1. p 5. 28; B 2066, D 1741; Yvoire (better yvórie, riming with memórie), 3. 946.

Y-voyded, pp. put away, removed, F 1159.

Y-war, adj. aware, T. ii. 398.

Y-warned, pp. warned, B 4422.

Y-waxen, pp. grown, become, T. v. 275; Y-waxe, 3. 1275.

Y-wedded, pp. wedded, L. 1179; A 3098, B 712, E 771, 1233, G 128.

Y-went, pp. gone, HF. 976.

Y-went, pp. weened, imagined, T. v. 444.

Y-wet, pp. wetted, A 4155.

Y-whet, pp. whetted, 7. 212.

Y-wimpled, pp. provided with a wimple, A 470; covered with a wimple, L. 797. See Wimple.

Y-wis, adv. certainly, truly, verily, R. 279, 350, 357; 3. 657; 5. 6; HF. 326; T. i. 415; L. 1569, 1985; A 3277, B 1980, 3958, 4007, 4632, C 327, D 1295, E 2434, F 1363, G 263, 439, 617, 689, 823, 1107, 1359. A.S. gewis. See Iwis.

Y-wist, pp. known, B 5. p 3. 36.

Y-wonne, pp. gained, T. iv. 1315; won, HF. 456, 505; D 2293; arrived, L. 2427.

Y-worthe, pp. become, 3. 579.

Y-wounde, pp. wound, covered up, 12. 18.

Y-woven, pp. woven, completed, B 4. p 6. 70; L. 2360.

Y-woxen, pp. grown, E 1462.

Y-wrapped, pp. involved, B 4. p 3. 2.

Y-writen, pp. written, 5. 124, 141; A. ii. 45. 25; B 191, G 210; Y-write, A. ii. 45. 26; B 4632.

Y-writhen, pp. wreathed, wrapped round, R. 160.

Y-wroght, pp. made, A 196, B 2054, D 117, E 1324; shaped, L. 1173; depicted, 3. 327; Y-wrought, made, constructed, 5. 305; shaped, 5. 418; wrought, HF. 1298; fashioned, R. 483; ornamented, R. 897; Y-wroghte, pp. pl. fashioned, 5. 123.

Y-wroken, pp. avenged, 16. 26; Y-wroke, wreaked, T. v. 589. Pp. of wreken.

Y-wronge, pp. wrung, forced, L. 2527. Pp. of wringen.

Y-wryen, pp. hidden, 3. 628; T. iii. 1451; covered, T. iv. 1654; A 2904. See Wrye.

Y-yeve, pp. given, T. iii. 1376; Y-yive, T. iii. 1611.

Zeles, pl. zeal, T. v. 1859.

Zodia, s. pl. beasts, A. i. 21. 38. Gk. ζῴδια.

Zodiac, s. zodiac, A. pr. 70. An imaginary belt in the heavens, of the breadth of 12°, along the middle of which runs the ecliptic. The Astrolabe only showed the northern half of this belt; see note on p. 187 of vol. iii.

ADDENDA.

The number of references might be largely increased; but I hope that the most material ones have been recorded. Of the new words found in the Complaint of Womanly Noblesse (see vol. iv. p. xxv), some have been included above. But I may here draw attention to allegeaunce, alleviation, in l. 22; and conforme, I conform, in l. 17. Other notable words are outrance (l. 26), souvenance (l. 14), and unbuxumnesse (l. 27). The occurrence of conforme is important, as shewing Chaucer's knowledge of the word; for the reading confirme in B 4. p 7. 61 is certainly an error for conforme. I here subjoin a few additional references and notes.

Allegeaunce, s. alleviation, 24. 22 (vol. iv. p. xxvi).

Altherbest, adv. best of all, 25. 28 (vol. iv. p. xxviii).

Amonges, prep. amongst, D 952.

Answere, s. answer, D 1050.

Arryven, v. arrive, come, D 922.

Ars-metryke, s.; the word looks like ars metrica, but this merely represents a popular mistake; it is really a variety of the word arithmetic; see that word in the New E. Dict., and Zupitza's notes to Guy of Warwick, p. 346.

Auctoritee, s. authority, D 1208.

Auctour, s. originator, origin, dispenser, model, 24. 28 (vol. iv. p. xxvi.)

Boistous, adj. rude, 25. 27 (vol. iv. p. xxviii).

Cast up, imp. s. lift up, D 1249.

Cheyne, s. chain; hence, trace of a cart, &c., 26. 33 (vol. iv. p. xxx).

Conforme, 1 pr. s. conform, 24. 17 (vol. iv. p. xxvi).

Darraine with, v. fight against, 26. 18 (vol. iv. p. xxx).

Displesaunce, s. displeasure, 24. 11 (vol. iv. p. xxvi).

Duresse, s. constraint, misery, 24. 15 (vol. iv. p. xxvi).

Eche, v. augment, 25. 19. (vol. iv. p. xxviii).

Enbrace, v. enfold, 26. 44 (vol. iv. p. xxx).

Fere, s. fear, D 1022.

Ferre, adv. comp. further, used for far, 26. 11 (vol. iv. p. xxix).

Firste, def. adj. first, D 1094.

Governaunce, s. self-control, 24. 2, 33 (vol. iv. pp. xxv, xxvi).

Grete, def. adj. great, D 865; pl. D 1216.

Grounde, s. foundation, 26. 6 (vol. iv. p. xxix).

Gyde, v. conduct, remove, 26. 31 (vol. iv. p. xxx).

Halt, pr. s. considers, D 1185. See Holde.

Hidde, pt. s. hid, D 1081.

Ho, stop! saye ho, say 'stop!' 26. 17 (vol. iv. p. xxix).

Jubbe; see p. 138. It appears that the jubbe held four gallons; see Expeditions of the Earl of Derby, ed. L. T. Smith, Camden Soc., p. 154, l. 21.

Swerve, v. swerve, turn aside, 25. 29 (vol. iv. p. xxviii).

To-kerve, pr. s. subj. cut asunder, 26. 39 (vol. iv. p. xxx). The MS. has the kerue, giving no sense.

GLOSSARY TO FRAGMENTS B AND C OF THE ROMAUNT OF THE ROSE.

FRAGMENT B = ll. 1706-5810.

FRAGMENT C = ll. 5811-7698.

The following Glossary is separated from the preceding because Fragments B and C of the Romaunt are not by Chaucer. See, on this point, the Introduction to Vol. i.

Fragment B abounds in Northern words and forms; some of these are particularly pointed out. Words in Fragment C have 'C' prefixed to the number of the line.

In this Glossary, proper names are included, being few in number.

A, v. (to) have, 4322. See note.

Abandoun: in abandoun, fully, without stint, 2342.

Abawed, pp. amazed, 3646; Abawid, 4041. See Abaved, at p. 2.

Abaysshed, pp. cast down, 3370.

Abbatis (for Abbats), pl. abbots, 2694.

Abbesse, s. abbess, C 6350; Abbesses, pl. C 6861.

A-begging, C 6719, 6726.

Abey, v. (for Abeye), suffer (for it), pay (for it), C 6713. See Abye.

Abiding, s. delay, 2222.

Abit, s. habit, dress, religious dress, 4914, C 6159, 6167, 7274; Abite, C 6356.

Abit, Abood; see Abyde.

Abood, s. delay, C 7697.

Aboundaunce, s. abundance, C 6528.

Aboven, adv. in luck, 4352.

Abraide, v. start up, break forth, 5156; Abraid, 1 pt. s. awoke, 1806; Abreyde, pt. s. broke out, 3967.

Abrede, adv. abroad, 2563.

Absente, pr. s. subj. abstain, refrain, 4911.

Absolucioun, s. absolution, C 6410; Absolucion, C 7698.

Abstene, v. refl. refrain, keep away, C 7555.

Abstinaunce, Abstinence, C 5848, 7356; Abstinence, C 7673.

Abstinence-Streyned, i.e. Constrained Abstinence (personified), C 6341, 7366.

Abyde, ger. to await, 4910; v. expect, 5329; watch for, 4913; Abyde, 1 pr. s. abide, wait for, 1978; Abyden, 1 pr. pl. C 7155; Abit, pr. s. dwells, 4977, 4989; stays, 5012; Abood, 1 pt. s. endured, waited, 3694.

Abye, v. pay for, C 5888, 5976; Abyeth, pr. s. C 7642. Cf. Abey.

Accord, s. agreement, C 5818; assent, C 6769.

Accord, 1 pr. s. agree to, 2083; Accorded, pt. pl. agreed, C 5815; pp. reconciled, C 5846.

Accordaunce, s. agreement, C 5847.

Acheved, pp. achieved, 2049; ended, settled, 4630.

A-cold, adj. cold, chilly, 2658.

Acoye, v. quiet, allay, 3564.

Acquyte, v. defray the expense, pay for, C 6742.

Ademant, s. adamant, 4181.

Ado (for at do), to do, 5080.

Adoun, adv. down, C 7207.

Advocates, s. pl. lawyers, 5721.

A-fere, adv. on fire, 4073.

Afered, pp. afraid, 3604; Aferd, 2655.

Affeccioun, s. desire, C 6409.

Affray, s. terror, 3866; fear, 2034.

Affrayed, pp. frightened, 3113.

Affye, v. trust, 3155; Affy, v. 5480.

Aforn, adv. formerly, 3952; before, 4328.

Aftir, prep. according to, 2255, C 6258; according as, 5668.

Afyne, adv. thoroughly, completely, 3690.

Agast, adj. afraid, C 6106.

Age, s. old age, 4884; Ages, pl. times, 2189.

Ageyn-coming, s. returning, 2518.

Ageyns, prep. in comparison with, 5536.

Agilte, pr. s. sinned against, offended, C 5833, 6784; Agiltest, 2 pt. s. C 7572.

Ago, pp. gone, 2932; Agoo, 3842.

A-gree, adv. in good part, 4349.

A-greef, adv. in bad part; take not agreef, take it not amiss, C 7573.

Aken, v. ache, C 6908.

Al, conj. although, 1754, 5766, C 6267.

Al-day, adv. continually, 2484.

Alder, adj. gen. pl. of (us) all, C 6948.

Alderfirst, adv. in the first place, first of all, C 7505.

Alegged, pt. pl. allayed, alleviated, 1768. See Allege.

Aleggement, s. alleviation, 1890, 1923.

Algate, adv. alway, always, 5157, C 7477; at any rate, C 7152.

Allege, v. exempt (lit. alleviate), C 6626; Alleggith, pr. s. alleviates, 2588.

Allegeaunce, s. alleviation, 1871, 4570.

Allowe, v. approve of, value, 5186. F. text, prises.

Almesse, s. alms, C 6624; Almesses, pl. C 6637.

Al-only, adv. alone, C 5819.

Alosed, pp. noted, famed, 2354. See Loos.

Al-out, adv. completely, fully, altogether, 2101, 2935, 4326.

Al-outerly, adv. wholly, utterly, C 6302, 7663.

Alowe, v. accept, approve of, 5175.

Also, conj. as, C 6767.

Alye, s. ally, 4964.

Amende, v. advance, succeed, C 5876; Amendith, pr. s. improves, 2258.

Amerous, adj. lovely, 2901. See Amorous.

Amitee, s. friendship, 5285. Old text, unitee; F. text, amitié.

Among, adv. sometimes, 2325, 3241, 3304.

Amorous, adj. truly loving, 5325; Amerous, lovely, 2901.

Amourettes, s. pl. sweethearts, 4755.

Amyas; a curious error; for At Myas, i.e. at Meaux, 3826. F. text, a Miaus.

And, conj. if, 2051, 4441.

Anger, s. pain, anguish, 1877, 1926, 3180, 3185; Angre, 1852, 2800; Angres, pl. torments, 2554, 3789.

Angerly, adv. cruelly, 3511.

Angre, ger. to vex, 3526.

Angry, adj. tormenting, grievous, cruel, 2628, 3265.

Anguissous, adj. full of anguish, anxious, 1755.

Anight, adv. in the night, at night, 2669, 4239.

Anker, s. anchor, 3780.

Anker, s. an anchoress, a female recluse shut up either in a cell attached to a church, or living under a religious rule in her own house, C 6348.

Annexed, pp. joined, 4811.

Annoy, s. trouble of mind, 2675, 2731. See Anoy.

Anon-right, adv. straightway, 1778.

Anoy, s. discomfort, pain, vexation, 1919, 2099, 4404; Annoy, 2675, 2731.

Anoynt, pp. anointed, 1888.

Antecrist, Antichrist, C 7155; Antecristes, gen. C 7009.

Apaired, pt. s. injured, C 7522.

Apayed, pp. pleased, satisfied, 2854, 5631.

Aperceyved, pt. s. perceived, C 6312.

Aperceyving, s. perception, C 6318.

Apert, adj. open, obvious, C 6621, 6799; Appert, C 6150.

Apes, s. pl. apes, C 6836.

Apocalips, s. apocalypse, C 7393.

Apostlis newe, new apostles, i.e. the preaching friars, C 6270.

Apparence, s. mere outward appearance, 5550, C 7467; Apparaunce, clear evidence, C 7660.

Apparent, adj. distinct, 2583.

Appel, s. apple, 4532.

Appert, adj. open, C 6150. See Apert.

Appesen, v. appease, 2453.

Appose, v. oppose, C 6555, 7146. F. text, oposer.

April, 3978.

A-queynt, pp. acquainted, 3080.

Aqueyntable, adj. affable, 2213.

Aqueyntaunce, s. acquaintance, 3892.

Ar, pr. pl. are, 2216. See Arn.

Arace, v. pull out, 1752.

Arblasters, s. pl. men with crossbows, 4196.

Archer, s. archer, 1797, 1818, 1832; Archers, s. pl. archers, 4191 (F. text, as archieres).

Aresóneth, pr. s. reasons with, disputes, argues, C 6220.

Arest, s. rest (for a spear), C 7561.

Arette, v. impute, 3327. See p. 14.

Areyse, v. raise up, 4361; rouse, C 7159; Areyseth, pr. s. stirs up, C 7541.

Argument, s. C 6186, 6190.

Armes, s. pl. feats of arms, 2315.

Armonye, s. harmony, 4247.

Armure, s. armour, 4197.

Arn, pr. pl. are, 2183, 3747, 4860; Ar, 2216.

A-rowe, adv. in a row, C 7606.

Arwis, s. pl. arrows, 1822.

Ascape, v. escape, get out of the difficulty, C 6515.

Asker, s. one who begs, C 6674.

A-slope, adv. aside, awry, 4464.

Asondre, adv. asunder, 5392.

Aspye, v. espy, 2665; spy out, C 7088; pr. s. subj., perceive, 4048.

Assaut, s. assault, 4175, C 7338.

Assay, s. attempt, 3449; quality, temper, 4350.

Assayed, pp. tried, proved, 2688, 5249; Assayed, made trial (of), 2417.

Asseth, enough, a sufficiency, 5600. See note.

Assoile, v. absolve, C 6364; Assoiled, pp. explained, C 6557.

Assoiling, s. absolving, C 6412.

Assured, pp. secured, 4309.

Astat, s. state, plight, 2416; Astate, condition, 4672, C 6856.

Astoned, pp. astonished, bewildered, 3859.

A-sundir, adv. asunder, diversely, 4477.

A-swone, in a swoon, 1736.

At, prep. at the hands of, from, C 6870; At al, at all points, 5249; at leeste way, at least, C 5827; at wordis fewe, in a few words, briefly, 2129.

Atteigne, v. attain, 5537.

Attendith, pr. s. attaches itself, appertains, 5309. F. text, s'amort; 'amordre, attacher,' Burguy.

Attour, s. array, 3718.

A-two, adv. in twain, 4107, 5522, C 6168.

Audience, s. hearing, C 6137; in au., in company, C 7540.

Augment, ger. to increase, 5597.

Augustins, s. pl. Austin Friars, C 7461.

Aumenere, s. purse for alms, 2271; Aumener, 2087.

Auntre, v. refl. venture (thyself), venture, 2495.

Austin, S. Augustine, of Hippo, C 6583, 6613, 6691, 6700.

Avale, v. descend, 1803.

Avaunced, pp. promoted, C 6951; helped, 3468.

Avaunt, adv. in advance, forward, 3959, 4790.

Avaunt, v. refl. boast, 4788.

Avauntage, s. profit, 5808.

Avenaunt, adj. becoming, seemly, 2058; pleasant, 3679; condescending, 4622. See p. 20.

Aventure, s. chance, fortune, fate, 2118, 4376; case, C 7308.

Avouterye, s. adultery, 4954.

Avysed, 1 pt. s. refl.; Avysed me, applied myself, 1807.

Awayte, s. ambush, 4497.

Awayted, pp. watched; awayted with, watched by, 3066.

Awey, adv. away (see note), 4712.

Axe, v. ask, C 6559; Axeth, pr. s. requires, C 5908; asketh, 5242.

Ayeines, prep. against, C 7178, 7307; Ayens, C 6277; in comparison with, C 6875.

Bachilere, s. youth, young knight, 2828.

Bagge, s. purse, C 6834; Bagges, s. pl. money-bags, 5775.

Baillye, s. custody, jurisdiction, 4217, 4302; Baily, enclosure, C 7574.

Baily, s. bailiff, C 6331; Bailifs, s. pl. agents, C 6812; Baillyves, C 6863. See Bayly.

Balaunce, s. uncertainty, suspense, 4667.

Balis, s. pl. troubles, sorrows, 4441.

Bane, s. bane, destruction, death, 4491.

Banere, s. banner, 2019.

Banisshed, pt. s. banished, C 6780.

Baptist Johan, John the Baptist, C 6998.

Bare, adj. pl. bare-footed, C 7463.

Barelles, s. pl. barrels, C 7072.

Baren, pt. pl. bare, C 6243.

Bargeyn, s. bargain, 4325; conflict, 2551; enterprise, 4929.

Bark, s. bark, rind of a tree, C 7169.

Barly-breed, s. barley-bread, 2757.

Baronage, s. the assembly of barons, C 5812.

Barouns, pl. barons, C 6138.

Barre, ger. to bar, 4224.

Bataile, s. array, troop, host, C 5849; Batels, pl. battalions, C 7348.

Batayled, pp. battlemented, 4200; Batáyled, 4162.

Bate, s. strife, 4235.

Baud, adj. jolly (lit. bold), 5674.

Bawdes, s. pl. bawds, C 7034.

Bayly, s. bailiff (or municipal magistrate corresponding to the English alderman), C 6218. See Baily.

Beau-sire, s. fair sir, C 6053.

Beautee, s. Beauty (the name of an arrow), 1750.

Bede, v. stretch out (lit. proffer), 1710. From A.S. bēodan.

Bede, pt. s. subj. might bid, might pray, C 7374. From A.S. biddan.

Bedels, s. pl. bedels, beadles, officers, C 6812.

Bedes, s. pl. beads, C 7374; Bedis, s. pl. beads (or prayers); bidde his bedis, tell his beads, pray with his rosary, C 6687.

Begger, s. Beguin, hence, mendicant, C 7282; Beggers, Beguins (see note), C 7256.

Begyle, ger. to beguile, C 6206.

Begyne, s. Beguine, C 7368.

Bemes, s. pl. trumpets, C 7605.

Bemis, s. pl. beams, 5339.

Bene, s. bean, C 6464.

Bent, adj. bended (said of a bow), 1715.

Berafte, pt. pl. subj. should deprive, C 6669.

Berith, pr. s. carries, 5675; Beren, pt. pl. bare, wore, C 6237.

Bern, s. barn, 5589.

Besaunt, s. bezant; (a gold coin first struck at Byzantium: in England its value varied between a sovereign and a half-sovereign. There were also silver Bezants—worth from a florin to a shilling); 5592.

Beshrewe, 1 pr. s. curse, 5511.

Beshrewed, pp. as adj. accursed, C 7394.

Besinesse, s. diligence, 3624.

Bestial, adj. brutish, stupid, C 6716.

Bet, adj. comp. better, 2874; adv. better; ful bet, much better, C 6001; the bet, the better, C 5992.

Bete, pr. s. subj. remedy, cure, 4441. A.S. bētan.

Beten, pp. beaten, C 6839.

Betyme, adv. beforehand, in good time, 5624.

Bialacoil, i.e. Bial Acoil, Fair Reception, 2984, 2999, 3011, 3067, 3081, 3113, 3139, 3151, &c.

Bible, s. bible (or perhaps, book), C 7414.

Biforn, adv. beforehand, C 6022.

Bigoon, adj.; wel bigoon, well off, 5533.

Bigyns, s. pl. Béguines, C 6861. F. text, beguines.

Biheest, s. promise, 4446, 4474.

Bihote, v. promise, 4446.

Bihove, s. dat. behoof, 2964, C 7584.

Bilden, pt. pl. built, C 6571.

Bilefte, 1 pt. s. remained, 3360.

Bimene, imp. s. refl. bemoan thyself, 2667.

Biraft, pp. reft, stolen, 4343.

Biset, pt. s. orders, disposes, employs, 5262.

Bishet, pp. shut up (in prison), 4488.

Bisied, 1 pt. s. busied myself, 2970.

Bistad, pp. bestead, beset, 2670, 5796; troubled, 3370.

Bisy, adj. diligent, careful, 3845, 4044, 4222.

Bit, pr. s. lasts, abides, 5330. From inf. byden.

Bitaught, pt. s. commended, 4438. See Biteche (p. 30).

Bitrasshed, pp. betrayed, 3910. See Bitraise (p. 30).

Bityde, v. happen, C 5917.

Biwepe, v. weep, bewail, 5121.

Biwreye, v. reveal, C 7226.

Blake, adj. pl. black (monks), Benedictines, C 6695.

Blame, imp. s. reprove, 2233.

Blende, ger. to blind, to deceive, 3954; Blent, pr. s. 5310; Blent, pp. blinded, 4642; deceived, C 6652.

Blered, pp. bleared, dimmed, deceived, 3912. See Blere (p. 32).

Blinne, v. desist from, C 6611.

Blyve, adv. quickly; as bl., very quickly, 2799.

Boden, pp. commanded, 2721. From A.S. bēodan.

Bodies, s. pl. 5809.

Boece, Boethius, 5661.

Bonde, s. service, yoke, 1956.

Book; the book, i.e. the Canon Law, C 6385; the Bible, C 6636.

Boost, s. boast, 3461.

[Borders, s. pl. C 6911. Better reading; for burdens.]

Bordillers, s. pl. brothel-keepers, C 7034. F. text, bordelieres.

Borowe, s. pledge, C 7331; Borowes, pl. pledges, C 7309; Borwis, 2064.

Bosarde, s. buzzard, 4033.

Bote, s. remedy, 1760.

Botes, s. pl. boots, 2265, C 7262.

Botoun, s. bud, 1721, 1761, 2960.

Bougerons, s. pl. sodomites, C 7022. F. text, bogre.

Bought, pp.; a bought, to have bought, 4322.

Bountee, s. kindness, 3147; goodness, C 6597.

Boy-knave, s. knavish boy, 3849.

Brade, adj. pl. broad (Northern), 4200.

Braide, ger. to bestir itself, wake up, C 7128.

Brak, pt. s. interrupted, C 6221. See Breken.

Braste, ger. to burst, 3186.

Braunches, pl. branches, C 6198.

Brede, s. breadth; on br., abroad, 3635; cf. Abrede.

Breken, v. disobey, 3478.

Brenne, v. burn, 2475; ger. C 7052; Brenneth, pr. s. 5241; Brent, pp. 1820.

Brenning, s. burning, 2727.

Brere, s. briar, C 6191; Breres, pl. 1712, 1836, 3006.

Brest, v. burst, 4107.

Breve, adj. brief, short, 2350. (Refers to the F. la parole.)

Brewe, v. brew, prepare, C 6028.

Brimme, adj. cruel, 1836. Cf. Breme (p. 36).

Brocages, s. pl. brokerage, contracts, C 6971.

Broche, s. brooch, 3718.

Brond, s. fire-brand, 3706.

Brood, adj. broad, 4153.

Bulle, s. papal bull, C 6847.

Burdens, s. pl. heavy loads, C 6902, 6907.

Burdens, error for Borders, C 6911.

Burdoun, s. staff, cudgel, 3401, 4092, C 7403.

Burgeis, s. burgess, C 6218; gen. pl. burgesses', C 6864.

Burnettes, s. pl. dresses made of fine woollen cloth dyed brown, 4756.

But, adv. only, 3284.

But, conj. except, unless, 1964, 2429, 2439, 4126, 5290.

But-if, conj. unless, 1962, C 6625, 6628.

Buxom, adj. obedient, pliant, 4419.

By, prep. in, C 6616; beside, C 7032.

By and by, in order, 2345; exactly, precisely, 4581.

Bye, v. buy, pay for, 2052; By, ger. 5611; Byen, pr. pl. 2452, 4839; By, pr. s. subj. may buy, 2737; Bye, imp. s. C 5903.

Byer, s. buyer, C 5928.

Bytinge, pres. part. cutting, C 7420.

Caas, s. case, plight, 3374; pl. cases, C 6759. See Cas.

Caleweys, s. pl. soft, sweet pears (which came from Cailloux in Burgundy), C 7043; see note.

Calle, v. recall, 3974; Callid, pp. called, 1750.

Camelyne, s. camel's-hair stuff, C 7367.

Can, 1 pr. s. (I) know, 4796; pr. s. understands, C 5872; Can, pr. s.; Can him no thank, offers him no thanks, 2112; Canst, 2 pr. s. hast, feelest, 4399. See Cunne.

Capouns, s. pl. capons, C 7040.

Care, s. trouble, C 6640.

Careful, adj. anxious, sorrowful, 2428.

Caribdis, Charybdis, 4713.

Carmes, s. pl. Carmelites, White Friars, C 7462.

Cas, s. occasion, C 7481. See Caas.

Caste, v. refl. apply himself, 2031; Cast, pr. s. casts, 4330; considers, 5620; Caste, pt. s. refl. set himself, 1860.

Castels in Spayne, castles in the air, 2573. See note.

Casting, s. vomiting, vomit, C 7288.

Catel, s. chattel, property, 5376.

Cause, s. blame; in cause, to blame, 4525.

Caytif, s. poor wretch, 3554.

Certis, adv. certainly (riming with is), 5542; C 6800.

Chace, v. chase away; do ch., caused to be chased away, C 7534.

Chafe, v. irritate, 3685.

Chaffare, s. chaffer, bargain, C 5920, 5922, 5925.

Chaire, s. chair, seat, C 6889, 6892; Chaieris, pl. chairs, seats, C 6915.

Chamberere, s. chamber-maid, 4935 (see footnote).

Champioun, s. champion, C 7229.

Chanoun, s. canon, 3278, C 6331; Chanouns regulers, pl. canons regular, C 6694.

Chapelet, s. wreath, chaplet, 2278.

Chapeleyn, s. chaplain, C 6328.

Chapitre, s. chapter, C 6532.

Chapman, s. trader, 5591.

Chargid, pt. s. instructed, 2145.

Chartres, s. pl. charters, C 7312.

Chasteleyn, s. castellan, governor of a castle, C 6327.

Chasteleyne, s. the wife of a chastelain or governor of a castle, 3740.

Chastitee, Chastity (personified), 3043, 3051, 3055; Chastite, 3668, 3670, 3699.

Chastye, 1 pr. s. reprove, C 6993.

Chaunce, s. chance, luck, 5545.

Cheef, adj. chief, excellent, 2785.

Chere, s. countenance, favour, 3952; appearance, 5486, C 6474; pleasure, delight, 3805.

Cherete, s. kindness, fondness, 3516.

Cherl, s. churl, lout, 4001; Cherlis, pl. low-born men, 2002.

Chese, v. choose, 4426; Chese ... hem to, pr. pl. choose for themselves, C 6230.

Cheses, s. pl. cheeses, C 7041.

Chevered, pp. shivered, 1732.

Chevisaunce, s. resource, remedy, 3337. See note.

Chevise, v. occupy himself (for me), manage (for me), settle my cause, C 6425.

Cheyne, s. chain, 4812.

Chiche, adj. parsimonious, 5588. O.F. chiche; cf. Span. chico, little. See Chinche.

Chideresse, s. scold, virago, 4266.

Childe, with, with child, 5038.

Childhede, s. childhood; of ch., from childhood, C 5885.

Chinche, adj. mean, avaricious, C 5998. Nasalised form of Chiche.

Chinchy, adj. mean, grudging, niggardly, C 6002.

Ciergis, pl. wax tapers, C 6248. O.F. cerge.

Clarree, s. a sweet liquor consisting of a mixture of wine, clarified honey and various spices, as pepper and ginger, &c., C 5967, 5971, 6026.

Clepe, v. call, C 5907; Clepid, pp. 5651.

Clipsy, adj. eclipsed, dim, 5349.

Cloistres, s. pl. cloisters, C 4142.

Clomben, pp. climbed up, C 6933; Clombe, 3911.

Cloos, adj. close, reticent, discreet, C 6104.

Close, v. enclose, 4372; 1 pr. s. 3919; Closid, pt. s. 1842.

Closer, s. enclosure, 4069.

Cloth, s. garment, dress, C 6345.

Clubbe, s. club, 4061.

Colour, s. way, manner, C 6282.

Comaundementis, s. pl. commandments, 2133, 2137.

Come, s. coming, C 7628.

Commendacioun, s. commendation, 4887.

Company, s. the name of an arrow, 1862.

Compas, s. circuit, 1842; circumference, 4183; Compace, perfection, 3208.

Compassen, 1 pr. pl. study, observe closely, C 6932. F. text, estudions.

Compendiously, adv. briefly, 2346, 2953.

Complisshen, v. accomplish, 2132.

Comprende, v. consider, include (in my explanation), C 6633.

Compte, s. counting, account, 5026.

Comunably, adv. commonly, usually, C 7237.

Comunely, adv. publicly, 4801.

Comuntee, s. community, common possession, 5209.

Concours, s. course, result, 4360.

Conestablerye, s. a ward of a castle under the command of a constable, 4218.

Confusioun, s. perplexity, 4480.

Coniecte, (conjectə), 1 pr. pl. plan, conspire, C 6928.

Coninges, s. pl. conies, rabbits, C 7044.

Conisaunce, s. understanding, knowledge, 5465, 5559; acquaintance, 4668.

Coniunccioun, s. conjunction, joining together (of hearts), 5221.

Conne, 2 pr. s. subj. mayst be well instructed, 2315. See Cunne.

Consequence, s. result, C 6448, 7468, 7472.

Consolacioun, the 'Consolation of Philosophy,' 5661.

Constreynaunce, s. Constraint, C 7438.

Constreyne, v. constrain, C 6403; Constrayned, pp. kept under constraint, i.e. feigned, C 7439.

Contene, v. remain, 2641; refl. bear himself, 2248; Conteyne, v. contain (himself), 4923 (see note); Contene, pr. pl. refl. maintain themselves, C 6805; F. text, se maintienent.

Contrarie, s. perplexity, 4478. F. 'Avoir me lest tant de contraire.'

Contrarious, adj. contrary, hostile, 3354.

Contriving, s. contrivance, C 7544.

Controve, v. compose songs, 4249; ger. to invent, C 7547.

Contune, v. continue, 4354, 5332; ger. 5205.

Convay, ger. to convoy, accompany, 2428; Convoye, pr. pl. convey, 2916.

Cope, s. cloak, cope, C 6796, 7410.

Corage, s. mood, temper, 4928.

Coragious, adj. bold, 4416.

Corde, s. cord, C 7050.

Cordileres, s. pl. Franciscans, (so called from wearing a girdle of rope), C 7461.

Corners, s. pl. corners, 4244.

Cornewayle, Cornouaille in Brittany, 4250. See note.

Corporel, adj. bodily, C 6757.

Correcten, ger. to correct, C 7232.

Corumpable, adj. corruptible, 4856.

Cos, s. kiss, 3663.

Cost, s. coast, place, 3931; quarter, 2477.

Cotidien, adj. quotidian, daily; as s. a quotidian ague, 2401.

Couchen, pr. pl. lay, impose, C 6903.

Counceilen, v. counsel, C 6845.

Countenaunce, s. appearance, behaviour, C 7355; look, 4299.

Countesses, s. pl. C 6860.

Countours, s. pl. accountants, C 6812.

Coupe-gorge, s. Cut-throat, C 7422.

Courser, s. horse, C 5903.

Couth, pp. known, 2000; evident, 4213.

Coveityse, s. coveting, desire, 4129; covetousness, 5072.

Covenable, adj. seemly, fitting, suitable, C 6020, 6752; excellent, C 7181.

Covent, s. convent, 4904, C 7380.

Coverchief, s. kerchief, head-covering, C 7369.

Covert, adj. secret, hidden up, C 6149.

Covertly, adv. secretly, C 6111.

Coverture, s. concealment, 2172.

Covyne, s. intrigue, secret plan, 3799. F. text, couvine.

Cowardyse, s. cowardice, 2490.

Coy, adj. quiet, hidden, 4297.

Crafte, s. art, 2166.

Cragge, s. crag, rock, 4156.

Crece, s. increase, progeny, 4875. See note; and see crease (= increase) in the New E. Dict.

Criand, pres. part. crying (Northern), 3138.

Cristendom, Christendom, C 6363; Cristendome, C 7091.

Croce, s. crozier, C 6470. F. croces, pl.

Croked, adj. deformed, 4886.

Crownet, s. coronet, 3203.

Cunne, v. shew; cunne him maugree, shew him ill-will, 4559; 1 pr. pl. can, C 5879; pr. pl. know (how), C 6174; pr. s. subj. be able, C 5992.

Cunning, s. skill, knowledge, C 6735.

Cupyde, Cupid, 3702.

Cure, s. charge, 1962, C 6562; care, 4222; cause of care, 2456; heed, C 7557; aid, C 6752; jurisdiction, 3540.

Curious, adj. diligent, zealous, C 6578, 6590.

Cursed, adj. wicked, 5760.

Cursidnesse, s. wickedness, perversity, 5756.

Curteis, adj. courteous, 4030, 4036, C 6031.

Curtesye, s. courteous action, kindness, 4553; Courtesy (personified), 2019, 2985, 3890; Curtesie, C 5853; the name of an arrow, 1802.

Customere, adj. accustomed, 4936. F. text, coustumiere.

Cut, pr. s. cuts, C 6198.

Dagges, s. pl. loose tags or shreds of cloth, C 7260. (I can find no exact account of the fastening here referred to; I suppose that the dagges, or tape-like strips, had button-holes, through which the knoppes or buttons passed.)

Daliaunce, s. talk, 2850.

Dampning, s. damnation, C 6643.

Dar, pr. s. dare, 6049.

Dart, s. dart, C 5823.

Daunce; the olde d., the old game, 4300.

Daungere, s. resistance, 1932; Daunger, 1936, 2034, 5613; Daungere, reluctance, 2318; power, control, 2051; Danger (personified), 3018, C 5866.

Daungerous, adj. shy, over-modest, reluctant, backward, 2312; hard to please, 2824; cruel, 3594, 3727.

Daunte, v. conquer, subdue, 3300; Daunted, pp. 3602, 4764.

Daunting, s. taming, 4032.

Dawed, pt. s. subj. would dawn, 2633.

Dawes, s. pl. days, 2838, C 6616.

Debate, s. strife, 4902.

Debonaire, adj. kind, favourable, 5412, 5415; Debonair, courteous, 3737.

Debonairly, adv. graciously, pleasantly, 2382; humbly, meekly, 1943.

Declare, v. make manifest, 5563.

Deef, adj. deaf, C 7611.

Defaute, s. lack, 5789.

Defenced, pp. defended, 4310.

Defenden, ger. to defend, C 6750; Defende, pr. s. subj. forbid, 1948; Defende, pr. pl. subj. refl. buy themselves off, C 7038.

Defensable, adj. helping to defend, 4168.

Defoule, v. trample down, C 6000.

Defyle, v. defile, bruise, C 7317. F. text, torchies.

Defyne, v. define exactly, C 6632; Defyneth, imp. pl. 4805.

Degree, s. station, rank, C 7214; manner, C 7442.

Deignous, adj. disdainful, 3593.

Deitee, s. deity, 5656.

Del, s. deal; Dele, bit, least thing, 5139; not ... a del, not a whit, C 6897, 7433; never a del, not at all, C 6036; every del, every whit, C 6017. See Dool.

Dele, v. (to) deal, (to) have transactions, C 6440; Deles (Northern form), pr. s. distributes, 5419.

Delectacioun, s. delight, 4821.

Deliciously, adv. daintily, C 6729.

Deliverid, pp. freed, relieved, C 6046.

Deliverly, adv. quickly, 1927, 2283, 3005.

Delyces, s. pl. pleasures, C 7281.

Delyt, s. Delight (personified), 4932, 4979, 4987, C 5857.

Demande, s. question, 2062.

Deme, v. deem, judge, 2198.

Demeigne, s. possession, ownership, 5586; Demeyne, dominion, rule, 3310.

Demene, v. endure, put up with, 5238.

Demonstrable, adj. capable of being shewn, 4688.

Demurely, adv. gravely, modestly, 4627.

Denyen, ger. to deny, repudiate, 2057.

Depart, v. depart, 2393; divide, 2367, 5279; Departed, pp. parted, 2425.

Departing, s. division, 4613.

Dere, v. injure, destroy, 4336; Dered, pp. harmed, 2100. A.S. derian.

Desert, s. desert, i.e. deserving, 4269.

Desperaunce, s. desperation, 1872.

Desporte, ger. to cheer, to divert, 2014. (After desporte understand thee, i.e. thyself.)

Despyt, s. despite, aversion, C 5996.

Desyring, s. wish, C 5880.

Determyne, v. determine, fix the limits, C 6631; declare, 4882.

Deth, s. Death (personified), 5200, 5202.

Detraccioun, detraction, 5528.

Devel, s. devil, 5810; she-devil, 4288.

Dever, s. endeavour, 5299.

Deviaunt, adj. divergent, turned away, 4789.

Devoid, adj. free, 4312.

Devoided, pp. removed, 2929.

Devout, adj. C 6236.

Devyne, v. interpret, 3800.

Devys, s. disposal, 1974; will, 3621; by devys, to judge from her appearance (?), 3205; F. text, et a son vis.

Devyse, v. devise, appoint, order, 3532.

Dewe, adj. due, C 6638.

Deyned, pt. s. subj.; him deyned, it appeared good to him, C 6950.

Deynous, adj. disdainful, 3728.

Deyntee, s. value, 2677.

Diche, s. ditch, 4152, 4199.

Diffame, v. defame, reproach, C 6152; pr. pl. 5500.

Diffyne, v. define, 4807; explain, 5181.

Dight, v. prepare, 4240; v. refl. 2555.

Dignitee, s. rank, C 6931.

Dim, adj. dim, 5350.

Discharge, v. discharge, clear, C 6388.

Discomfit, pp. disconcerted, 4067.

Discomforted, pt. s. discouraged, 3368.

Disconsolate, adj. disconsolate, 3168.

Discordaunce, s. disagreement, 4715, 5208; discordant melody, 4251.

Discordaunt, adj. discordant, 4247.

Discorde, ger. to disagree, 4716.

Discreven, 2 pr. pl. describe, 4803.

Disdeinous, adj. disdainful, C 7412.

Disdeyne, 1 pr. s. disdain, C 6490.

Disese, s. uneasiness, 5244.

Disese, ger. to trouble, 3526.

Disfigured, pp. disfigured, 4672.

Disgysen, v. apparel, 2250; Disgyse, 1 pr. s. disguise, C 6358.

Dishonest, adj. unfair, unreasonable, 3442; immodest, 4262.

Disordinat, adj. inordinate, 4816.

Dispeired, pp. full of despair, 4434.

Dispendith, pr. pl. spend, 5681.

Dispitous, adj. unmerciful, spiteful, C 6162; malicious, froward, 2212, 3457.

Displesaunce, s. displeasure, 3436.

Disport, s. delight, 3468; happiness, 2894.

Dispute, v. dispute, argue, C 6764.

Dispyte, s. despite, aversion, C 5828.

Disrewlily, adv. irregularly, 4900.

Disseise, v. dispossess, deprive, (F. dessaisir), 2076.

Disserve, v. deserve, 3093.

Disseyved, pp. deceived, C 6628.

Dissolucioun, s. dissoluteness. 4898

Distincte, v. discern, distinguish, C 6199.

Distoned, adj. dissonant, out of tune, 4248.

Distourbled, pt. pl. troubled, 1713.

Distresse, s. Distress (personified), 4997.

Ditee, s. discourse, 5286, 5652.

Divers, adj. contradictory, 4102.

Diversitee, s. diversity, 1917.

Divinitee, s. divinity; in divinitee to rede, to lecture in divinity, C 7693.

Divyne, s. divinity, C 6488.

Do, v. cause; do make, cause to be made, 2080; pr. s. subj. accomplish, C 5869; Doand (Northern), pres. part. doing, 2708; Don, pp. put, placed, C 6564.

Dogged, adj. dogged, cross, 4028.

Dole, s. lamentation, mourning, 2956, 4317. O.F. doel. See Dool.

Dolorous, adj. painful, 5474.

Dolven, pp. buried, 4070.

Dom, s. dumb, 2220, 2409, 2492.

Dool, s. grief, 4480. See Dole.

Dool, s. deal, portion; halfen dool, half portion, halving (it), 2364. See Del.

Doth, pr. s. causes, 2772, 2786, 2790; brings, 5558; gives, 1984. See Do.

Double, adj. twofold, 1756.

Double, v. be doubled, 2817.

Doublenesse, s. double-dealing, duplicity, 2366.

Doun, come down, C 5868.

Dout, s. fear, 2102.

Doutable, adj. doubtful, 5413; imperilled, unstable, C 6274.

Doute, v. fear, 2023; 1 pr. s. 2108; 2 pr. pl. 2079.

Douting, s. doubt, C 6074.

Draught, s. draught, bout, act, 4869. F. text, Car maint n'i trairoient ja trait.

Drede, s. doubt; withouten dr., without doubt, 2199, 2251, C 6214; Dread (personified), 3958, 5861.

Drede, 1 pr. s. refl. fear, 2369 (F. dout); Dred, pp. dreaded, feared, C 6965.

Dreming, s. dream, 2173.

Drerihed, s. dreariness, sorrow, 4728.

Dresse, v. prepare, 1773; pr. s. subj. refl. set himself, C 6535.

Dreye, adj. dry, 1743.

Drough, pt. s. drew, 1725.

Droune, ger. to drown, to be drowned, 4710, 5022.

Druery, s. loyal affection, 5064. O.F. druerie.

Drye, v. dry up, 2748.

Drye, v. suffer, undergo, 4390; endure, 3105; ger. to fulfil, C 7484. A.S. drēogan.

Dryf, v. drive, 1874.

Duchesses, s. pl. C 6859.

Dulle, adj. pl. dull, C 6848.

Dulle, 1 pr. s. become stupefied, 4792.

Dure, v. last, endure, C 6841.

Duresse, s. severity, 3547, 3570.

Dusty, adj. C 7488.

Dwelling, s. delay, 2440.

Dyamaunt, s. adamant, 4385.

Dyden, pt. pl. died, C 6245.

Dyne, v. as s. dinner, C 6500.

Eche, v. add, 1994; help, aid, 4618. See Eke.

Echon, pron. each one, 4211.

Eclips, s. eclipse, 5334.

Effect, s. reality, 5486. See note.

Eft, adv. again, 1783.

Eftsone, adv. soon afterwards, C 6094.

Eftsones, adv. soon after, C 6649.

Egipt, Egypt, C 7000.

Egre, adj. acid, 4179.

Egre, adv. sharply, 5474.

Eigh, s. eye, 1779.

Eir, s. air, 5654.

Eke, v. increase, 2126. See Eche.

Elde, s. old age, 4885.

Elengenesse, s. solitariness; hence, sadness, disquietude, C 7406. F. text, soussi.

Eleven, C 6247.

Elis, s. pl. eels, C 7039.

Elles, adv. otherwise, in all other respects, 3429.

Eloquence, s. C 7439.

Emperesses, s. pl. empresses, C 6859.

Empressid, pp. pressed, 3691.

Emprisoned, pp. imprisoned, 4400.

Empryse, s. undertaking, care, 2147; doings, 3508; enterprise, C 5825; design, 1972; conduct, action, 2186; privilege, 2008; rule, 4905.

Enchesoun, s. occasion, 2504, 3982, 4242.

Enclyne, v. be subject (to), respect, bow down (to), C 6814.

Encombre, v. disturb, 5434; Encombreth, pr. s. importunes, teases, C 6675; Encumbre, pr. pl. vex, perplex, 4482; Encombred, pp. annoyed, C 7628.

Encresid, pt. s. increased, 1785.

Endure, v. hold out, 1894; endured, pp. lasted, C 7211.

Enfaunce, s. infancy, youth, 4288.

Enforce, v. compel, C 6407; pr. pl. refl. endeavour, C 6275; Enforced, pp. augmented, 4499.

Enfourmed, pp. informed, 2953.

Engendrid, pt. s. begat, C 5955; Engendred, pt. pl. C 6113, 6116.

Engendring, s. engendering, copulation, 4823; begetting, C 6114.

Engendrure, s. procreation, 4849.

Engreveth, pr. s. displeases, 3444.

Engynes, s. pl. engines, military machines, 4194; Engins, tools, i.e. servants, 4549.

Enhabite, 1 pr. s. dwell, C 6355.

Enhaunce, ger. to exalt, advance, C 7246.

Enlangoured, adj. faded with langour, pale, C 7399.

Enlumined, pp. illumined, 5344.

Enmitee, s. enmity, 5378.

Enpryse, s. quickness of movement, 2636. See Empryse.

Enquestes, s. pl. legal inquisitions, C 6977.

Ensure, 1 pr. s. assure, 4850; Ensured, pp. C 7212.

Entayle, s. figure, shape, 3711.

Entencioun, s. attention, 4701; intent, C 6258; diligence, 2027; of e., intentionally, 2976; Entenciouns, pl. meaning, drift, C 7170.

Entende, v. pay attention, 2153; Entende, 1 pt. s. intend, C 6206.

Entendement, s. intention, 2188.

Entent, s. mind, 2187; purpose, 2488; disposition, 5696; Entente, endeavour, 3906; intention, design, C 5811, 5869.

Ententif, adj. diligent, careful, 2022.

Ententifly, adv. carefully, 1720, 2136.

Enterely, adv. entirely, wholly, 2142.

Entermete, v. refl. intermeddle, interfere, 2966; 1 pr. s. refl. busy (myself with), C 6971. See Entremete.

Entitled, pp. C 7105.

Entree, s. entrance, C 5840.

Entremees, s. pl. entremets, dainty meats, C 6841.

Entremete, v. interfere, C 6635, 7233; ger. C 6503; ger. refl. C 5946; Entremete, 1 pr. s. intermeddle, interfere, C 6498, 6840; Entremeteth, pr. s. C 5921.

Envenyme, ger. to vitiate, C 7472.

Enviroun, adv. about, 3203, 4163; round about, 4203; prep. round about, 3618.

Enviroune, 1 pr. pl. compass, go about, C 7017.

Envyous, adj. spiteful, 5473.

Equipolences, s. pl. equivocations, equivocal expressions, C 7076.

Ere, s. ear, 1723, 2662.

Ere, adv. before, beforehand, 4807.

Erke, adj. weary, wearied, 4867.

Erliche, adv. early, 5003.

Ernes, s. ardour, (of love), 4838. See Earnest in the New E. Dict., and A.S. geornes.

Ernest, s. earnest, pledge, 3680.

Ers, s. posteriors (F. cul), C 7578.

Ese, s. ease, 1938; relief, 1984; pleasure, 3525, C 7498.

Especial, adj. particular, C 6715.

Espirituel, adj. spiritual, C 6758.

Espleyten, v. perform, execute, C 6174. See exploicté in Cotgrave.

Espye, s. spy, 3871.

Espye, v. behold, 3815; Espying, pres. pt. 3804.

Establisshing, s. decree, C 6369.

Estate, s. state of life, position, 4901.

Ester, s. Easter, C 6435.

Estres, s. pl. recesses, inner parts, 3626. F. text, estre; (l. 1410).

Esy, adj. easy, not painful, 1921; agreeable, 5606.

Et, ger. to eat, 2756.

Eterne, adj. eternal, 5020.

Evangyle, s. gospel, 5453, C 6099, 7120.

Everiche, adj. every one, C 5869.

Every other, each (shall help) the other, 2883.

Excusinges, s. pl. excuses, C 6586.

Executour, s. executor, C 6973.

Exiled, pp. C 6777.

Existence, s. reality, 5549, C 7470.

Expert, adj. expert, experienced, 4291. Old text, except (!).

Exposicioun, s. explanation, C 7145.

Expowne, ger. to expound, C 7172.

Extremitees, s. pl. extremes, C 6526.

Eye-sight, s. C 7234.

Eyth, adj. easy, 3955. A.S. ēað.